Unit 2 第三课时 Understanding ideas—Grammar 同步课堂笔记知识清单检测 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 2　Getting along 外研版（2026）八年级上册 第三课时　Understanding ideas—Grammar　同步课堂笔记知识清单检测 （教材 p.22—23） 一、核心词汇 1. double　adj. 双倍的，两倍的 例：The giant built a double wall around his garden to keep the children out.（巨人在花园周围砌了一堵双层墙，把孩子们挡在外面。） 2. similar　adj. 相似的，近似的，类似的 例：Their ideas about true friendship are quite similar to ours.（他们关于真正友谊的看法和我们的很相似。） 3. message　n. （电影、书籍、讲话等的）要旨，主题思想，寓意 例：This play carries a clear message about love and care.（这部戏剧传达了关于爱与关怀的清晰寓意。） 4. action　n. 情节 例：The action of the story becomes more exciting when winter comes.（当冬天来临时，故事的情节变得更加激动人心。） 5. climax　n. 高潮 例：The children's sudden return is the climax of the whole play.（孩子们的突然归来是整部戏剧的高潮。） 6. return　v. 返回，回去 例：The birds return to the garden as soon as the giant becomes kind.（巨人一变得善良，鸟儿们就回到了花园。） 7. lively　adj. 充满活力的，生气勃勃的 例：The quiet garden becomes lively again once the children come back.（孩子们一回来，那座寂静的花园又变得生机勃勃。） 8. theirs　pron. 他们的，她们的 例：The beautiful sunny garden is theirs now, not the giant's alone.（这座洒满阳光的美丽花园现在是他们的了，不再只属于巨人一个人。） 9. past　adj. 以前的，过去的，曾经的 例：In those past days, the giant lived alone and felt cold all year round.（在过去的那些日子里，巨人独自生活，一年到头都感到寒冷。） 10. selfish　adj. 自私的，自私自利的 例：The giant was selfish, so he did not let any children play outside.（巨人很自私，所以不让任何孩子到外面来玩。） 11. grade　n. 年级 例：The students in Grade Eight have just read this famous play.（八年级的学生刚刚读过这部著名的戏剧。） 12. priceless　adj. 极其贵重的；无价的 例：The kind giant learns that true friendship is a priceless treasure.（善良的巨人明白了真正的友谊是无价的珍宝。） 13. offer　v. 提供，给予 例：The little children offer to help the giant pull down the high wall.（小孩子们主动提出帮助巨人拆掉那堵高墙。） 14. online　adv. 从网上，在网上 例：We can watch a short film of this warm story online.（我们可以在网上观看这个温暖故事的短片。） 二、重点短语 1. get along with　与……相处 例：The selfish giant finally learns to get along with the little children.（自私的巨人最终学会了和小孩子们相处。） 2. return to　返回；回到 例：Warm spring has returned to the giant's quiet and cold garden.（温暖的春天又回到了巨人那寂静而寒冷的花园。） 3. be similar to　与……相似 例：The giant's big garden is similar to a small silent world.（巨人那座大花园就像一个寂静的小世界。） 4. in the past　在过去 例：In the past, no happy birds sang in that cold silent garden.（在过去，没有快乐的鸟儿在那冷清寂静的花园里歌唱。） 5. since then　从那时起 例：The cold giant has changed a lot since then.（从那时起，那位冷漠的巨人改变了很多。） 6. be glad to do sth.　高兴做某事 例：The little ones are glad to play in the garden once more.（小孩子们很高兴能再一次在花园里玩耍。） 7. be afraid of　害怕…… 例：The brave little boy was not afraid of the tall giant at all.（那个勇敢的小男孩一点也不怕高大的巨人。） 8. for + 时间段　持续（了）……时间 例：The lonely giant has lived in the big house for many years.（孤独的巨人已经在这座大房子里住了很多年。） 9. since + 时间点　自从…… 例：It has been cold and quiet in the garden since last winter.（自从去年冬天以来，这座花园里一直又冷又安静。） 10. of one's own　某人自己的 例：At first the giant only wanted a large garden of his own.（起初巨人只想要一座属于他自己的大花园。） 三、重点句式 【语法要点】for 后面接一段时间，表示动作或状态持续了多久，常和现在完成时连用。 I have had the lovely dog for three months now. 我已经养了这只可爱的狗三个月了。 【语法要点】since 后面接一个过去的时间点，表示动作从那个时候开始，一直持续到现在。 I have been like this since Friday. 从周五起我就一直是这样。 【语法要点】How long 用来询问动作或状态持续了多长时间，后面用一般疑问句语序。 How long have you lived in this city? 你在这个城市住了多久了？ 【语法要点】have / has been friends 表示“成为朋友并一直保持”，friendship 是可以持续的状态。 They have been friends since primary school. 他们从小学起就是朋友了。 【语法要点】know 是表示状态的动词，可以和 for 加一段时间连用，表示认识了多久。 We have known each other for ten years. 我们已经认识十年了。 【语法要点】stay 是延续性动词，可以和 since 引导的时间点连用，表示从某时起一直待在某处。 She has stayed in the library since two o'clock. 从两点起她就一直待在图书馆。 四、练习检测 Ⅰ、用 for / since 填空（每空限填一词，注意大小写） The tall giant has lived alone ______ many years. We have been close friends ______ we were in Grade One. I have waited for you ______ two o'clock this afternoon. The two neighbours have known each other ______ ten years. The children have played happily in the garden ______ the spring came. My deskmate has studied in this middle school ______ about three years. Ⅱ、用所给单词的适当形式填空（每空限填一词） The garden became ______ (live) and warm again when spring came. ______ (recent), we have learned a famous play about a selfish giant. The two brothers have ______ (similarity) hobbies in their free time. The children are very ______ (act) when they put on the short English play. She gave me a ______ (price) gift on my thirteenth birthday. The little birds sang ______ (happy) in the tree after the long winter. Ⅲ、语法单项选择（现在完成时(2)） —______ have you lived in this small city? —For about ten years. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How old The kind giant has stayed in his warm garden ______ last winter. A. for B. since C. when D. while We have known each other ______ we were little children in the neighbourhood. A. for B. from C. since D. at —How long ______ you ______ this lovely dog? —For three months. A. have; had B. have; bought C. did; have D. did; buy My grandmother ______ in this quiet village for over twenty years. A. lives B. lived C. is living D. has lived The two children ______ good friends since they first met in the garden. A. are B. have been C. were D. will be Ⅳ、完成句子（根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词） 我认识这个善良的男孩已经五年了。I ______ ______ this kind boy for five years. 自从星期五以来他就一直是这样。He ______ ______ like this since Friday. 你在这个城市住了多久了？______ ______ have you lived in this city? 巨人已经独自生活七年了。The giant ______ ______ alone for seven years. 他们从小学起就是朋友了。They ______ ______ friends since primary school. 参考答案 Ⅰ、1. for　2. since　3. since　4. for　5. since　6. for Ⅱ、1. lively　2. Recently　3. similar　4. active　5. priceless　6. happily Ⅲ、1. A　2. B　3. C　4. A　5. D　6. B Ⅳ、1. have known　2. has been　3. How long　4. has lived　5. have been 外研版（2026）八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along　第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $