Unit 2 第2课时 Grammar(Word教案)-【优翼·学练优】2026-2027学年八年级英语上册同步备课（外研版·新教材）

该初中英语教案聚焦现在完成时中for和since的正确运用及深层理解，课堂导入从阅读文章句子切入，引导学生关注加粗的for和since，通过确认时态、寻找同类句，搭建新旧知识衔接的学习支架。 此教案特色在于语法学习与实践深度融合，通过例句归纳用法、练习巩固，后续任务借助思维导图和有用表达引导小组讨论分享经历，培养语言能力（语法运用与口语表达）、思维品质（分析总结）和学习能力（合作与自我评估）。例如新闻文章填空练习与分享经历讨论，提升学生语法应用与表达能力，助力教师高效落实教学目标。

第二课时　Grammar Teaching Objects　【教学目标】 1.Use for and since correctly in present perfect tense. 2.Have a better understanding of the present perfect tense. 3.Discuss the experience of sharing. Teaching Aids　【教学工具】 an English book，a tape recorder and CAI Teaching Steps　【教学步骤】 ★Step 1　Lead in【导入】 1.Ask students to read the sentences from the reading passage and pay attention to the bold words. (a) The Giant has been away for a long time. (b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. 2.Then ask students to answer the question. · What tense are they in? 3.Ask students to find more sentences with the same structures in the reading passage. 4.Check answers with the class. Answers: I haven’t heard that beautiful birdsong for a while. I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year. Understanding ideas（5—8） ★Step 2　Grammar focus learning【语法学习】 现在完成时(2) 1、 用法 现在完成时还可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在。 E.g. I have had the dog for three months now. We have played football for a year now. I have been like this since Friday. I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 从以上例句可以看出，在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由for或since引导。需要注意的是，for后接一段时间，如for a long time, for five years等;而since后多接时间点，如since August 2023, since yesterday, since two o'clock等。 2、 对现在完成时的时间状语提问 在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用how long。 E.g. How long have you played football?你踢足球踢了多长时间了? How long have you been like this?你这个样子有多久了? How long have you had the dog? 这条狗你养了多久了? 3、 注意 1.在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，需要使用不同的时态。 E.g. I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.去年夏我在这个酒店住了一周。(一般过去时) I have stayed in the hotel for a week now.迄今为止，我已经在这个酒店住了一周。(现在完成时) I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.下个月我将会在这个酒店住一周。(一般将来时) 2.在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用;而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。试比较: Tom has been here for two hours. Tom已经来了两小时了。 Tom has just come. Tom刚到。 3.除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。 E.g.I have learnt 20 English songs.我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。 I have collected 300 stamps.我已经收集了300枚邮票。 ★Step 3　While-task【过程任务】 Page 23,6 1.Ask students to complete the sentences with for or since. 2.Check the answers with the class. Answers: ①since ②for ③Since Page 23,7 1.Ask students to complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets. 2.Check the answers with the class. Answers: ①for ②offers ③Since ④have been ⑤for ⑥enjoys ⑦since ⑧since 3.Ask students to answer the following questions according to the passage. ①What different things has Uncle Jimmy done? ②What can you learn from Uncle Jimmy's actions described in the article? Possible answers:①Every year,on his birthday,he has offered free ice creams. ②We can learn the importance of sharing.  ★Step 4　Post-task【后续任务】 1.Ask students to work in pairs. Then discuss their experience of sharing. 2.Ask students to use the words and expressions from the reading passage and show the thinking map on the book to the students. · What did you share? · Who did you share it with? · When did it happen? · What did other people say to you? · How did you feel about it? · What have you learnt from it? 3.Show the useful expressions to help them to organise their ideas. Useful expressions: · I have shared... with... for / since... · ... I said, ... · Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me... · One day,... · How does sharing make you feel? · It makes me feel... because... 4.Choose some students to share their answers. ★Step 5　Summary　【课堂小结】 Ask students to use the students’ self-assessment form to check what they have learned in this lesson. I can use for and since correctly in present perfect tense. I can understand the present perfect tense well. I can talk about my experience of sharing. ★Step 6　Homework【家庭作业】 1.Review the words, phrases and sentences. 2.Do the exercises in students’ book. Teaching reflection　【教学反思】 We always get the students to learn grammar by summing up the sentences they have learned. Students can practice grammar by using. After they know how to use the present perfect tense to make sentences, the students should practice in different activities. And we can give them some written work after speaking and reading. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $