Unit 1 The Changing World Section B 课后作业 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

2026-2027学年九年级英语上册课后分层作业（人教版新教材） Unit 1 The Changing World Section B 基础达标练 一、单项选择 1．The bridge ________ the two sides of the river. A．mixes B．follows C．cuts D．links 2．It ________ me 45 minutes to finish my English homework yesterday. A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid 3．________ Mr Hunt’s help, I ________ much progress in maths since last year. A．With; made B．At; have made C．With; have made D．Under; will made 4．Reading a lot can ________ us what we can’t imagine. A．benefit B．remember C．describe D．care 5．The railway makes the transport of food ________. A．easily B．easy C．more easily D．much easy 6．________ China and Kenya are far apart, they can still work together. A．Because B．So C．Although D．But 7．It is very ________ to take the new train. A．convenient B．heavy C．wide D．digital 8．These hens on the farm mainly feed on ________. A．sand B．yogurt C．corn D．salt 9．We are determined ________ the work done before New Year’s Day. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 10．It’s amazing how much we ________ together. A．achieve B．have achieved C．achieved D．will achieve 11．I ________ walk to school with my parents when I was in primary school. A．use to B．used to C．am used to D．was used to 12．One thing has stayed ________: the love from my family. A．different B．same C．the same D．the different 13．My grandma lives ________ us now. A．together B．with C．and D．for 14．Life is different ________ it was many years ago. A．from what B．of what C．from that D．of that 15．My neighbourhood is very ________ because it’s near the shopping centre and the bus station. A．smart B．peaceful C．friendly D．convenient 16．—What does “on the fast track” mean?    —It means something develops ________. A．slowly B．quickly C．quietly D．carefully 17．The new road makes ________ easier ________ local farmers to send their products out. A．that; for B．it; for C．this; to D．it; to 18．My life now is quite different ________ it was three years ago. A．as B．from C．with D．to 19．The road used to be ________ and dirty. Now it is clean and ________. A．narrow; wide B．wide; narrow C．narrow; narrow D．wide; wide 20．This is a ________ forest. It was created by people. A．man-made B．natural C．green D．wide 二、根据要求完成单词拼写 21．Beijing is the ________ (首都) of China and it has a long history. 22．Doing ________ (生意) is not easy, especially for a young man like him. 23．The boy solved the scientific problem with ________ (容易). 24．With the new road, it is much more ________ (方便的) to travel to the city centre. 25．They bought a new ________ (公寓) with two bedrooms in the city centre last year. 26．The old street is ________ (狭窄的) and full of people. 27．Let’s make a ________ (总结) for our discussion. 28．We had a ________ (讨论) about our weekend plan. 29．It’s a ________ (奇迹) that he wasn’t killed in that car crash. 30．We should take action to reduce air ________ (污染) in our city. 31．The government is trying to ________ (发展) the rural areas to improve people’s lives. 32．The new evidence makes us surprised and ________ (lead) the police to find the truth. 33．Now more than two ________ (million) people use it every year. 34．It used to be ________ (hundred) of lorries to carry food between the two cities. 35．The bridge made it convenient for the ________ (village) to travel across the river to the city. 36．I enjoy ________ (study) with my friends. 37．It’s ________ (amaze) how much we have achieved together. 38．Food used ________ (take) hundreds of lorries to carry. 39．The workers use two big ________ (lorry) to carry these heavy boxes to the factory. 40．________ (compare) with the past, our life is much better now. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 41．这条新建铁路大幅缩短了两座城市之间旅客的出行时间。 The new railway ________ ________ travel time for passengers between the two cities greatly. 42．便捷的交通让当地商人能够和外地客户洽谈业务。 Convenient transport helps local businessmen ________ ________ ________ with customers far away. 43．从前从蒙巴萨到内罗毕只有崎岖的公路和老旧铁路。 There were only rough roads and an old railway ________ Mombasa ________ Nairobi long ago. 44．每年超过两百万人受益于这条便捷的铁路。 Over two million people ________ ________ the convenient railway every year. 45．这条铁路证明各国可以携手合作，共建更美好的世界。 The railway proves all countries can ________ ________  to create a brighter future. 46．过去我们住在一间狭窄的公寓里。 We ________ ________ live in a narrow flat. 47．现在人们用手机付款，生活方便多了。 Now people ________ ________ their phones, and life is much easier. 48．我们可以通过微信与朋友保持联系。 We can ________ ________ ________ ________ our friends by WeChat. 49．与过去相比，我们的住房宽敞多了。 Our house is much ________ than before. 50．在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes ________ ________ place in my hometown in the last ten years. 参考答案 一、 1．D 【详解】句意：这座桥连接着河的两岸。 mixes混合；follows跟随；cuts切割；links连接。根据常识可知，桥的功能是将河的两岸连通起来，此处表示“连接”河岸两侧，应填links。 2．B 【详解】句意：昨天我花了45分钟完成我的英语作业。 spent花费（人作主语，搭配spend time doing sth.）；took花费（it作形式主语，固定句型It takes sb time to do sth.）；cost花费（物作主语，多搭配金钱）；paid支付（人作主语，搭配pay money for sth.）。根据句首形式主语It和时间状语yesterday，符合It took sb some time to do sth.的固定过去时结构，应填took。 3．C 【详解】句意：在亨特先生的帮助下，自从去年以来我在数学方面取得了很大进步。 结合“Mr Hunt’s help”可知，固定短语with one’s help表示“在某人的帮助下”；根据时间状语since last year可知句子时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。应填With；have made。 4．A 【详解】句意：多读书能使我们受益，获得我们无法想象的东西。 benefit使受益；remember记得；describe描述；care关心。根据“Reading a lot”可知阅读是有益的行为，结合“what we can’t imagine”可知阅读能带来意想不到的收获，使我们受益，故填benefit。 5．B 【详解】句意：铁路使食物的运输变得容易。 easily容易地，副词；easy容易的，形容词；more easily更容易地，比较级；much easy错误表达。“make sth.+形容词”意为“使某物……”，因此空处填写形容词原级作宾补。 6．C 【详解】句意：虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但它们仍然可以合作。 Because因为；So所以；Although虽然；But但是。后半句“they can still work together”。说明前后句意存在让步转折关系，应用Although引导让步状语从句。 7．A 【详解】句意：乘坐新火车非常方便。 convenient方便的；heavy重的；wide宽的；digital数字的。根据“to take the new train”可知，此处描述乘坐新火车的体验，通常指交通便利，convenient符合语境。 8．C 【详解】句意：农场里的这些母鸡主要以玉米为食。 sand沙子；yogurt酸奶；corn玉米；salt盐。根据“These hens on the farm”可知，农场里的母鸡主要吃谷物，corn符合语境。 9．B 【详解】句意：我们下定决心要在元旦前把这项工作做完。 根据空前的“are determined”可知，此处是固定搭配be determined to do sth.，意为“下定决心做某事”，其后需接动词不定式，故空格处应填入to get。 10．B 【详解】句意：我们一起取得了这么多成果，真是令人惊叹。 根据“It’s amazing”可知是对目前状况的感叹，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，应用现在完成时。 11．B 【详解】句意：我上小学的时候常常和父母步行去上学。 use to（错误表达），used to过去常常，am used to习惯于，was used to被用来做/习惯于。结合句子语境，时间状语when I was in primary school表示过去，表达过去常常做某事，选用used to。 12．C 【详解】句意：有一件事始终没有改变：来自家人的爱。 different不同的；same相同的（前面常加the）；the same相同的；the different错误的搭配（different前通常不加the）。根据句意，表示“保持不变”，应用same，且same前必须加定冠词the，应填the same。 13．B 【详解】句意：我的奶奶现在和我们一起住。 together一起；with和……一起；and和；for为了。live with sb.是固定搭配，意为“和某人住在一起”。together为副词，后不能直接接宾语“us”；and为连词，连接并列成分；for表示目的，不符合语境。应填with。 14．A 【详解】句意：生活与它许多年前的样子不同了。 be different from是固定搭配，意为“与……不同”，排除of what和of that；介词from后接宾语从句，从句中was缺少表语，what在从句中作表语，意为“……的样子”，that在从句中不作成分。应填from what。 15．D 【详解】句意：我的社区非常方便，因为它靠近购物中心和公交车站。 smart聪明的；peaceful安静的；friendly友好的；convenient方便的。根据句中“because it’s near the shopping centre and the bus station”可知，靠近购物中心和车站意味着生活设施完备，交通便捷，因此是方便的。故选D。 16．B 【详解】句意：——“on the fast track”是什么意思？——它意味着某事发展得很快。 slowly慢慢地；quickly迅速地；quietly安静地；carefully小心地。根据短语中的关键词“fast”可知，该习语表示发展“迅速”。应选quickly。 17．B 【详解】句意：这条新路让当地农民向外运送他们的产品变得更容易。 for为了；to到。该句为固定句型“make+it+adj.+for sb+to do sth.”， it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式；形容词“easier”描述事情性质，后接介词for引出动作的对象。 18．B 【详解】句意：我现在的生活与三年前大不相同。 as作为；from来自；with和……一起；to到。be different from是固定搭配，意为“与……不同”，符合语境，应填from。 19．A 【详解】句意：这条路过去又窄又脏，现在它又干净又宽阔。 narrow意为“狭窄的”，wide意为“宽阔的”。题目中“used to”和“Now”体现了过去与现在的对比，前半句描述过去的路，与“dirty”并列的负面形容词是“narrow”；后半句描述现在的路，与“clean”并列的正面形容词是“wide”，符合语境逻辑。 20．A 【详解】句意：这是一片人造森林。它是由人们创造的。 man-made人造的；natural自然的；green绿色的；wide宽的。根据“It was created by people.”可知，这片森林是人造的，应填man-made。 二、 21．capital 【详解】句意：北京是中国的首都，它有着悠久的历史。定冠词the后接名词，根据汉语提示“首都”，主语是单数，所以填capital。 22．business 【详解】句意：做生意并不容易，尤其是对于像他这样的年轻人。此处需要一个名词作动词“Doing”的宾语。“生意”对应英文单词business。故填business。 23．ease 【详解】句意：这个男孩很轻松地就解决了这道科学难题。中文提示“容易”对应英文ease，构成固定搭配with ease意为“容易地、轻松地”，在句中作状语修饰男孩解决难题的动作，故填ease。 24．convenient 【详解】句意：有了这条新马路，前往市中心要方便得多了。much more后接形容词原级构成比较级，根据中文提示“方便的”，对应形容词convenient。 25．flat 【详解】句意：他们去年在市中心买了一套带有两间卧室的新公寓。中文提示“公寓”可对应英文flat；空格前有不定冠词a，说明要填入可数名词单数，故填flat。 26．narrow 【详解】句意：这条老街很狭窄，而且挤满了人。“狭窄的”可译为narrow，形容词作表语。 27．conclusion 【详解】句意：让我们为我们的讨论做一个总结。“总结”用conclusion表达，是可数名词，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数，make a conclusion意为“做一个总结”。 28．discussion 【详解】句意：我们讨论了一下周末计划。空格前有不定冠词a，说明需要填一个可数名词的单数形式。“讨论”对应的英文名词是discussion。 29．miracle 【详解】句意：他在那场车祸中没有丧生，真是一个奇迹。句中不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，“奇迹”对应的英文单词为miracle。 30．pollution 【详解】句意：我们应该采取行动减少我市的空气污染。 pollution“污染”，不可数名词，air pollution“空气污染”。 31．develop 【详解】句意：政府正努力发展农村地区，改善人们的生活。try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，空处需填写动词原形，中文提示“发展”对应的英文动词是develop。 32．leads 【详解】句意：新证据让我们感到惊讶，并引导警方找到了真相。主语“The new evidence”为不可数名词，此处需要一个动词的第三人称单数形式与“makes”并列作谓语。lead的第三人称单数形式是leads。 33．million 【详解】句意：现在每年有两百多万人使用它。根据“two”可知，此处表示具体数字，million用原形。 34．hundreds 【详解】句意：过去有成百上千辆卡车在这两座城市之间运送食物。hundreds of是固定搭配，意为“成百上千的”，表示模糊概数。故填hundreds。 35．villagers 【详解】句意：这座桥让村民们过河进城出行变得十分便利。括号内village意为“村庄”，此处要表达“村民”的含义，需变为指人的名词‌villager‌；结合语境指代全体村民，用复数形式‌villagers‌。 36．studying 【详解】句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起学习。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，enjoy后面必须接动名词。study的动名词为studying。 37．amazing 【详解】句意：我们共同取得了这么多成就，真是令人惊叹。动词amaze此处放在be动词is后面，需要形容词作表语。 形容词amazing意为“令人惊奇的、令人惊叹的”，用来描述事物/事情。 38．to take 【详解】句意：过去需要数百辆卡车来运送食物。固定搭配“used to do sth.”表示“过去常常做某事，曾经做某事”，后面接动词原形。故填to take。 39．lorries 【详解】句意：工人们用两辆大卡车把这些重箱子运到工厂。句中数词two表示数量二，后面需要接可数名词复数形式，lorry是以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变复数需把y改为i再加‑es，故填lorries。 40．Compared 【详解】句意：与过去相比，我们现在的生活好多了。此处为非谓语动词作状语，compare与逻辑主语our life之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词表示被动。compare的过去分词形式为compared，位于句首首字母大写。 三、 41． has cut 【详解】原句中“缩短”是关键词，“缩短”对应单词为cut；铁路建成带来的改变持续影响现在，要用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词；主语“The new railway”是单数，助动词需用has，cyt的过去分词是cut。 42． negotiate business deals 【详解】原句中“洽谈业务”是关键词，表示“洽谈业务”的短语是negotiate business deals。本句用到help的固定结构help sb. do sth.，意为“帮助某人做某事”，其后接动词原形。故填negotiate；business；deals。 43． from to 【详解】原句中关键词是“从……到……”，对应英文固定短语from...to...，用来表示两地之间的范围、路线等。故填from；to。 44． benefit from 【详解】原句中“受益于”是关键词，表示“受益于”的是固定短语benefit from；时间标志every year“每年”，句子用一般现在时，主语“Over two million people”是复数，谓语动词用原形。应填benefit；from。 45． work together 【详解】原句中“携手合作”是关键词，work together为固定搭配，表示“合作、齐心协力”。情态动词can后接动词原形。 46． used to 【详解】原句缺少关键词“过去”，用词组used to表示。 47． pay with 【详解】原句中“用……付款”为关键词，表示“用……付款”的短语是pay with…。句子时态是一般现在时，主语people为集合名词，动词用原形pay。故填pay；with。 48． keep in touch with 【详解】原句中“保持联系”是关键词，表示“保持联系”的短语是keep in touch with。can是情态动词，后面必须接动词原形。故填keep；in；touch；with。 49．wider 【详解】原句中“宽敞多了”是关键词，此处的“宽敞”侧重空间开阔、面积宽大，对应形容词wide，空前much用来修饰比较级，than提示空处使用比较级，因此填入wide的比较级wider。 50． have taken 【详解】原句中“发生了”是关键词，对应英文表达为“take place”；由“in the last ten years”可知动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”；主语Great changes为复数，故助动词用have，take的过去分词为taken。 能力提升练 一、语法选择 I am now in junior high school. My life 1 very different. I 2 to school by bus now. I 3 with my friends on the bus. My school 4 bigger than my primary school. I 5 more confident in my studies. I often 6 part in group discussions. It is amazing how much we 7 achieved. My family 8 changed too. We 9 to a larger house. My grandma 10 with us now. I am very happy. 1．A．is B．was C．has been D．will be 2．A．go B．went C．have gone D．was going 3．A．talk B．talked C．have talked D．was talking 4．A．is B．was C．has been D．will be 5．A．become B．became C．have become D．was becoming 6．A．take B．took C．have taken D．am taking 7．A．have B．has C．had D．will have 8．A．has B．have C．is D．was 9．A．move B．moved C．have moved D．will move 10．A．live B．lived C．have lived D．lives 二、完形填空 Today was a special day. I went out with my parents to travel around my hometown. I was amazed at the great changes here. Many years ago, most of the roads in my hometown were very 11 and quiet. There 12 a few cars and buses on the roads. My hometown didn’t have any tall buildings or big supermarkets. People only 13 something they needed at small street markets. Now, my hometown is different 14 what it was like before. The roads 15 wide and busy. Many cars and buses 16 people to school or to work on the roads every day. There are lots of new tall buildings standing where old houses used to be. These new buildings 17 some fun places for people to visit, like theatres and museums. There are also many big supermarkets and shopping malls in my hometown. People have more 18 when they go shopping. All the people know that my hometown has great 19 . I love the changes in my hometown. I feel 20 to live here. When I grow up, I want to make efforts to help my hometown get more wonderful. 11．A．wide B．wise C．narrow D．sudden 12．A．is B．are C．was D．were 13．A．bought B．taught C．caught D．thought 14．A．for B．from C．with D．about 15．A．build B．rise C．raise D．become 16．A．treat B．store C．carry D．dig 17．A．support B．include C．decide D．throw 18．A．choices B．corners C．projects D．dishes 19．A．movement B．agreement C．argument D．development 20．A．dark B．awful C．lucky D．poor 三、阅读理解 A Our world is changing fast with the support of the government and technology. New wide roads, rich farmland and digital life appear in villages. All these new changes greatly improve villagers’ lives in poor areas. Transport makes traveling much easier than years ago. We have highways, long railways and convenient transport. They connect small villages with big cities. Information and farm products travel much faster now. Farmers can send their crops (庄稼) and vegetables to the whole country with ease. Environmental improvement fights natural disasters. People plant trees on sandy (沙质的) ground to stop sandstorms (沙尘暴). The poor soil becomes good enough for farmland. More farmland brings more chances for local farmers. Villagers no longer worry about farmland shortage (短缺). Digital life comes to the countryside. E-payment and online business change traditional shopping ways. People can sell their local products to customers around the world. More young managers come back to start their own business in their hometowns. Fast business development also brings some serious pollution. Modern development brings environmental problems. We should protect our soil and natural environment while creating social wonders. 21．What connects small villages with big cities? A．Digital life and online business. B．Highways, long railways and convenient transport. C．Greenhouse vegetables and crops. D．Sandy ground and poor soil. 22．How does environmental improvement help local farmers? A．It helps them sell products online. B．It encourages them to make money in big cities. C．It makes traveling much easier than years ago. D．It brings more chances for them by turning poor soil into farmland. 23．What change has “digital life” brought to the countryside? A．People no longer worry about farmland shortage. B．Farmers can send corn to the whole country easily. C．People can sell local products to customers around the world. D．It brings some serious pollution to the countryside. 24．More young managers come back to their hometowns to ________. A．start their own business B．build new wide roads C．plant trees on sandy ground D．fight natural disasters 25．In which unit of a textbook can we read the text? A．Unit 1 The Changing World B．Unit 2 Great Ideas C．Unit 3 Every Coin Counts! D．Unit 4 Fantastic Chinese Culture B Dear Li Ming, How are you? I want to tell you about the changes in my hometown. I grew up in a small town near the sea. When I was little, the town was quiet and poor. Most people worked as fishermen. The roads were narrow and there were only a few shops. We didn’t have a library or a cinema. Things began to change about ten years ago. The government built a new port, and more and more tourists started to come. Now there are many restaurants and hotels along the seaside. My parents used to sell fish at the market, but now they run a small restaurant. They serve fresh seafood to visitors from all over the country. The biggest change is the environment. In the past, people threw rubbish into the sea, and the water was dirty. Now the local government has taken action to protect the sea. Volunteers clean the beach every weekend. The sea is much cleaner than before, and we can even see dolphins sometimes! I’m proud of my hometown. I hope you can come and visit it one day. Yours, Zhang Wei 26．What did Zhang Wei’s parents use to do? A．They ran a hotel. B．They sold fish at the market. C．They worked as tour guides. D．They taught in a school. 27．What change happened to Zhang Wei’s hometown about ten years ago? A．A new port was built. B．A new school was opened. C．A cinema was built. D．A library was opened. 28．What can we learn about the environment in Zhang Wei’s hometown? A．The sea is still very dirty. B．People still throw rubbish into the sea. C．The sea is much cleaner than before. D．There are no volunteers to clean the beach. 29．What does Zhang Wei think of his hometown now? A．He is proud of it. B．He wants to leave it. C．He thinks it is boring. D．He thinks it is too crowded. 30．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce Zhang Wei’s family. B．To describe the changes in Zhang Wei’s hometown. C．To invite Li Ming to go fishing. D．To explain how to protect the sea. C During the past few centuries, great progress in technology has brought amazing changes to people’s daily life. To start with, people were not able to travel so far in the past. Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel. As a result, common people hardly had chances to go far away. Nowadays, more and more people can travel by plane and we can take many other fast and comfortable vehicles, such as cars and trains. We can visit faraway places easily in a short time. Secondly, in the past, people had to work much harder because they did not have the tools we have today. ▲ Modern tools help people finish work more easily and quickly. Thirdly, in the past, the living conditions were not as good as they are now. There were no bathrooms or running water in many houses, and many people could not buy things like fridges, TV sets or washing machines. Now, most families have several of these convenient things. Lastly, communications have become much easier than before. In the past, we kept in touch with others by writing letters. But now we have many other ways to choose from, such as making a phone call, sending emails or messages and chatting online. We can even make a phone call to astronauts and see them when they are in space. What a magical thing！ Thanks to technology, especially the internet, our lives have become much easier and happier than before. We believe our future lives will be even better. 31．Why were planes not so popular many years ago? A．Because they were not big enough. B．Because they were not able to fly long. C．Because they were very expensive. D．Because they were not safe enough. 32．What does the underlined word “vehicles” mean in the passage? A．Machines used for education. B．Machines used for transport. C．Machines used for science. D．Machines used for farming. 33．Which of the following can we put in “　▲　” in Paragraph 3? A．How long should they spend on work in a day? B．Do you know that people in the past had a higher happiness level? C．Today, computers and machines help with lots of difficult and dangerous work. D．Follow these ideas and they will help you. 34．The writer’s last example for great changes in people’s lives is about ________. A．travelling B．living conditions C．working tools D．communication 35．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Great Changes in Our Lives B．Good Education Will Change Our Lives C．Fast Development of Science D．We Are Living a Happy Life Now 四、选词填空 每空一词, 每词仅用一次, 有两词为多余项 villager  although  carry  in  ease  live still  hometown  junior  lead  it  because When I was in primary school, my grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. People in our village have 36 by planting fruit trees for years. At that time, they had to 37 water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was 38 low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men 39 a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (水渠) and other projects appeared 40 my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Later, I moved to another city for my 41 high school. The only reason I ever came back to my 42 was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised 43 everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so 44 didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in 45 . Those good men and the water conservation project (水利工程) have helped villagers a lot. Nowadays, people work hard to live in big cities. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we come from. 五、书面表达 46．假如你校英文报发起了一项以“The Changes in My Hometown”为题的征文活动，请你根据思维导图，从衣、食、住、行四个方面谈谈你家乡的变化，并畅想家乡未来的景象。 要求：1. 要点齐全，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3. 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：vegetarian food 素食 The Changes in My Hometown With the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place in my hometown. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I believe, in the future, my hometown will become even better with the efforts of each of us. It will get greener and more livable. 参考答案 一、 1．A 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述作者升入初中后生活发生的巨大变化，涉及上学方式、学校环境及家庭状况，表达了作者对现状的满意和快乐之情。 【详解】1．句意：我的生活非常不同。 描述现在的一般状态，应用一般现在时，主语My life是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 2．句意：我现在乘公交车上学。 描述现在经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用动词原形go。 3．句意：我在公交车上和朋友们聊天。 描述现在经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用动词原形talk。 4．句意：我的学校比我的小学大。 描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语My school是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 5．句意：我在学习上变得更加自信。 表示从过去到现在“已经变得”更自信，强调变化结果，时态用现在完成时，主语是I，应用have become。 6．句意：我经常参加小组讨论。 take part in“参加”是固定搭配，且由“often”可知描述经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语是I，应用动词原形take。 7．句意：我们取得了这么多成就，真是令人惊讶。 表示从过去到现在“已经取得”的成就，强调已有成果，用现在完成时，过去分词achieved已给出，主语是we，助动词应用have。 8．句意：我的家庭也发生了变化。 主语My family为单数（视为整体），表示从过去到现在“已经变化”，应用现在完成时，过去分词changed已给出，主语是My family，助动词应用has。 9．句意：我们搬到了一所更大的房子。 表示从过去到现在“已经搬家”，强调变化结果，时态是现在完成时，主语是We，应用have moved。 10．句意：我的奶奶现在和我们住在一起。 描述现在的状态，应用一般现在时。主语My grandma是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式lives。 二、 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．C 【导语】本文讲述作者和父母游览家乡，对比家乡过去与现在的面貌，描写家乡发生的巨大变化，表达自己对家乡的热爱。 【详解】11．句意：很多年前，家乡大部分道路又窄又安静。 根据后文“Now…The roads…wide and busy”现在道路变得宽阔繁忙，对比过去道路是狭窄的narrow。wide宽阔的，wise明智的，sudden突然的，均不符合过去道路的描述。 12．句意：路上只有少量汽车和公交车。 many years ago“很多年前”，时态为一般过去时；“a few cars”是复数，there be句型be动词用were。 13．句意：人们只能在街边小市场购买自己需要的东西。 根据“at small street markets”可知，在市场里是购买物品，bought是buy的过去式。taught教，caught抓住，thought思考，语义均不匹配。 14．句意：现在，我的家乡和以前不一样了。 根据语境提示，be different from是固定搭配，意为“与……不同”。for、with、about都不能构成该短语。 15．句意：道路变得宽阔而繁忙。 根据“wide and busy”是形容词短语，可知此处需系动词表示状态变化。become表示“变得”，体现道路发生的变化。build建造，rise升起，raise举起，代入句子语义不通。 16．句意：每天许多小汽车和公交车搭载人们去上学或者上班。 根据主语“cars and buses”及宾语“people”可知，交通工具的功能是载人。carry意为“运载、搭载”。treat对待，store储存，dig挖掘，不符合交通工具载人的语境。 17．句意：这些新建筑包含一些可供人们游玩的有趣场所，比如剧院和博物馆。 根据“like theatres and museums”是对前文的举例说明，可知整体包含部分。include意为“包含”。support支持，decide决定，throw扔，语义不符。 18．句意：人们购物时有了更多选择。 根据前文“many big supermarkets and shopping malls”可知，场所多意味着商品多。购物就有更多选择，用choices。corner角落，project项目，dish菜肴，和购物语境无关。 19．句意：所有人都知道我的家乡有巨大的发展。 根据全文描述家乡从落后到现代化的变化可知，这是发展过程，development发展。movement 运动，agreement协议，argument争论，不符合文意。 20．句意：生活在这里我感到很幸运。 根据前句“I love the changes”及后句“want to make efforts”可知情感积极。lucky幸运的，表达积极的情感。dark黑暗的，awful糟糕的，poor贫穷的，都是负面词汇，和文章感情色彩相反。 三、 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．A 【导语】本文主要讲述在政府与科技支持下乡村在交通、土地、数字生活方面迎来巨大发展，同时发展也带来环境污染问题，我们发展的同时要保护环境。 【详解】21．交通板块：“We have highways, long railways and convenient transport. They connect small villages with big cities.”，说明高速公路、长长的铁路和便利的交通连接小村庄与大城市。 22．环境改善板块：“The poor soil becomes good enough for farmland. More farmland brings more chances for local farmers.”，说明环境改良把贫瘠土壤变为农田，给当地农民带来更多机会。 23．数字生活板块：“People can sell their local products to customers around the world.”，这就是数字生活给乡村带来的变化。 24．数字生活板块：“More young managers come back to start their own business in their hometowns.”，说明更多年轻管理者回到家乡创业。 25．文章开头：“Our world is changing fast”，全文介绍乡村发生的各类新变化，对应单元标题“The Changing World（变化的世界）”。 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一封书信，张伟写信给李明介绍家乡过去与现在的变化 【详解】26．第三段“My parents used to sell fish at the market”介绍张伟的父母过去在市场卖鱼。 27．第三段“Things began to change about ten years ago. The government built a new port”介绍十年前家乡发生的变化是政府建造了新港口。 28．第四段“The sea is much cleaner than before”介绍现在家乡的海水比以前干净多了。 29．第五段“I’m proud of my hometown.”讲述张伟现在对家乡感到自豪。 30．第一段“I want to tell you about the changes in my hometown.”提示全文旨在描述张伟家乡的变化。 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了过去几个世纪里科技进步给人们的日常生活带来的巨大变化，具体探讨了出行方式、工作工具、生活条件以及沟通方式等方面的改进，并得出结论认为科技让生活变得更轻松和幸福。 【详解】31．文章第2段“Planes were not very popular at that time because they used to be a very expensive way to travel.”指出，飞机在过去不受欢迎是因为它们曾经是一种非常昂贵的旅行方式。 32．文章第2段“such as cars and trains”，vehicles后列举了汽车和火车作为例子，这些都是用于交通运输的工具，与选项B相符。 33．文章第三段主要讲的是过去人们工作更辛苦，因为缺少今天拥有的工具，横线后一句是“Modern tools help people finish work more easily and quickly.”（现代工具帮助人们更轻松、更快速地完成工作。）因此横线处应填入与现代工具相关的内容，C项“如今，电脑和机器帮助完成许多困难和危险的工作”正好承上启下，与前后文衔接自然。 34．文章第5段“Lastly, communications have become much easier than before.”指出，沟通方式变得更容易，说明作者列举的最后一个例子是关于通信的。 35．文章第1段点明主题“great progress in technology has brought amazing changes to people’s daily life”（科技的进步给人们的日常生活带来了惊人的变化），随后分别从旅行、工作、居住条件和通信四个方面具体介绍了这些变化，最后总结科技让生活更美好。A项“我们生活中的巨大变化”最能概括全文主旨。 四、 36．lived 37．carry 38．still 39．led 40．in 41．junior 42．hometown 43．because 44．villagers 45．it 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆家乡过去缺水困难，政府帮助修建水渠，后来作者外出上学，回家乡发现变化巨大，感叹不忘故土的故事。 【详解】36．句意：我们村的人多年来靠种果树为生。根据have和时间状语for years，本句为现在完成时，结构为“have+动词过去分词”；固定搭配live by doing sth.“靠……谋生”，介绍村里人的谋生方式。故填lived。 37．句意：那时，他们不得不从山脚下的河里挑水到半山腰。had to后接动词原形。后文提到缺水“because it was short of water there”，所以村民需要从河里运水上山。carry“搬运”，carry water意为“运水，挑水”。 38．句意：尽管我们努力工作，水果产量仍然很低，因为那里缺水。修饰形容词low需用副词。根据“Though we worked so hard”让步关系，虽然努力干活，但是产量仍然很低；still是副词，意为“仍然”。 39．句意：一天，两个年轻人带领一群工人来到我们村。此处作谓语，叙述过去发生的事情用一般过去时；后文说他们了解村里困难“They learned about the difficulties we faced”，所以是带领一群工人进村。lead意为“带领”，用过去式led。 40．句意：后来，水渠和其他项目出现在我的村庄里。根据“my village”地点名词，村庄是大地点，用介词in。 41．句意：后来，我搬到另一个城市上初中。前文提到小学“When I was in primary school”，按时间顺序，小学之后上初中。junior high school为固定搭配，意为“初中”。故填junior。 42．句意：我回到家乡的唯一原因是我的祖母。形容词性物主代词my后接名词。前文提到village“村庄”，后文结尾也出现“our hometowns”，前后呼应，hometown“家乡”符合语境。 43．句意：我们很惊讶，因为一切都变了。根据“We were surprised...everything had changed.”，前后分句是因果关系，“一切都变了”是“感到惊讶”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。 44．句意：水渠流经每个果园，所以村民们再也不用上下山了。前文一直在讲村里人的挑水难题，工程修好后，村民不再辛苦，villager“村民”，此处泛指村里的村民们，需用复数形式villagers作主语。 45．句意：河水现在如此清澈以至于鱼在里面快乐地游动。根据“fish swam happily in”，鱼在河里游，用it指代上文提到的The river（单数），作介词in的宾语。 五、46． The Changes in My Hometown With the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place in my hometown. In the past, people wore simple clothes, usually black or blue. But now, they can buy clothes of different styles and bright colors. Years ago, people mainly ate vegetarian food. Now all kinds of fruits and meat are available on our tables. People once lived in small old houses, but now they live in bigger and more comfortable houses. The traffic was not good before. Now we have new wide roads and more kinds of transport. I am glad to see these amazing changes. I believe, in the future, my hometown will become even better with the efforts of each of us. It will get greener and more livable. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般过去时和一般现在时为主。 明确要点：从衣、食、住、行四个方面介绍家乡过去和现在的变化，畅想家乡未来景象。 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my)。 注意事项：不透露真实姓名、学校；80词左右。 [第二步：构思布局]   开头段：已给出总起句，概括家乡发生巨大变化。 主体段：分别介绍衣、食、住、行过去与现在的对比变化 结尾段：已给出，畅想家乡未来，升华主题。    [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：衣 过去：In the past, people wore simple clothes, usually black or blue. 现在：But now, they can buy clothes of different styles and bright colors.    要点二：食 过去：Years ago, people mainly ate vegetarian food. 现在：Now all kinds of fruits and meat are available on our tables. 要点三：住 过去：People once lived in small old houses. 现在：But now they live in bigger and more comfortable houses. 要点四：行 过去：transport used to be poor/traffic was not good等 现在：new wide roads/more kinds of transport/wide new roads and different transport choices等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $