【周周有招】新教材同步尖子班讲义第19讲Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（语法 现在进行时被动与三步判定）-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册（教师版+学生版）

学科网周周有招-高中英语同步系列尖子班精品讲义 学科网周周有招 · 新教材同步尖子班讲义　2026 秋 · 人教版必修第二册 · 高一上学期 Unit 2　Wildlife Protection 第 19 讲　语法：现在进行时的被动语态与三步判定（学生版） 目录 一、 课时安排与学习目标 1 二、 导入：丢了一个 being，时态就变了（非高考题型·仅供诊断） 2 三、 构成与 being 的双重身份 2 being done 在长难句中的位置 3 主动句变被动的三步转换 3 拓展：being + done 作非谓语 3 高考三处落点 4 即时练一练 4 四、 三步判定：时 → 态 → 数 4 六个示范 4 特殊主语的定数 5 五、 情态动词的被动与无被动清单 5 六、 高频易错速查表（判据自足） 7 七、 半独立练习：朱鹮数据自判（共 3 小题） 7 八、 题型突破：语篇型语法选择（共 8 小题） 8 变式对照 · 两步放大 8 被动结构归类 8 语篇中的被动识别 8 综合运用 · 四组对照（共 4 小题） 9 九、 分层实战（课堂完成） 9 基础层：主动改被动（非高考题型·仅供诊断，共 10 小题） 9 挑战层（课后选做）：被动语态思维导图 9 十、 课堂小结（带走） 10 十一、 课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 10 语法填空：Finless Porpoises Number 1,426（共 10 空） 11 书面表达（1 篇，约 100 词） 11 1、 课时安排与学习目标 【课时安排】本讲 2 课时连排，共 120 分钟。核心不是背结构，而是在语境下判定：该不该用 being，be 该用什么形式。 【学习目标】学完本讲，你能：① 用“时 → 态 → 数”三步判定语法填空里任何一个动词空，说出每一步的依据词；② 用时间标志词与 being 的匹配关系判断 being 的有无，识破“不加 being 也通顺”的陷阱；③ 面对特殊主语（the number of、a team of）与无被动动词（take place、happen），在三步之内给出正确形式。 【重点】being 的有无与时间状语的匹配；三步判定的执行顺序；特殊主语的定数。【难点】非谓语 being done 与进行被动的区分；无时间标志词时靠语境定时态。 2、 导入：丢了一个 being，时态就变了（非高考题型·仅供诊断） 比较下面两句，凭第一感觉判断哪句更恰当： A. The antelopes are protected by rangers now.　B. The antelopes are being protected by rangers now. 语法填空考的不是对错，是语境下的“恰当”：时间状语与 being 必须互相匹配。usually 配一般现在时被动，now、right now、at present、these days 配现在进行时被动。 再往深处走一步：现在进行时被动能不能表达“一直如此”的常态？不能。being 锁死“此刻或现阶段正在”，要表达常态须回到一般现在时被动。与完成式对照：Many measures have been taken（已经采取了，强调完成）与 Many measures are being taken（正在采取，强调进行）——been 与 being 只差两个字母，语义却从“已完”变成“正在”。 3、 构成与 being 的双重身份 构成：am / is / are + being + 过去分词。be 随主语单复数与时间走，being 固定不变，过去分词表“被承受的动作”。 Much is being done to protect wildlife.（人们正为保护野生动物做很多事。） The antelopes are being protected by rangers now.（此刻藏羚羊正被巡护员保护着。） 被动语态的骨架是 be + done，而“进行”这个意思只能靠 being 来加——它既承载“进行”（与时间状语呼应），又配合过去分词构成被动。这是 being 最容易丢的原因：去掉 being 后句子照样通顺，只是时态从“正在”滑向“常态”。通顺，恰恰是命题人留给你的坑。 用法：表示“此刻或现阶段正在被进行”的动作，常与now、at present、at the moment、these days、right now连用。否定式为 be + not + being + done，疑问式把 be 提到主语前。 辨析 being 与 been：being 表“正在被做”，been 表“已经被做完”。句意强调“正在进行”用 being；强调“已经完成并延续到现在”用 been。 错句：The new bridge has been being built for years. 正句：The new bridge was built years ago. 或 The new bridge is being built now. has been being 结构冗赘，完成与进行叠加后头重脚轻，地道英语回避这种组合：要完成用 has been built，要进行用 is being built，二选一，不硬拼。边界反例：口语里偶见 has been being done，属可接受的非正式用法，书面表达与语法填空中一律判错。 时态 被动构成 典型时间状语 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done every year, usually The antelopes are protected by law. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + done now, these days Much is being done to protect wildlife. 现在完成时 have/has + been + done since, so far Many measures have been taken. 情态动词 情态动词 + be + done — Illegal hunting must be stopped. 这张表按“时间状语”一列检索：看到哪一列的标志词，就锁哪一行的结构。四行的差异全在 be 动词的形态上——done 不变，being 与 been 之争、is 与 are 之争，都发生在 be 上。 being done 在长难句中的位置 阅读与完形中，现在进行时被动常以 being done 的形式躲在定语从句或分词结构里，修饰前面的名词，含义是“正在被……的”。 The measures being taken by the government are expected to work soon.（政府正在采取的措施预计很快就会见效。） 这里的 being taken 相当于 which are being taken，作定语修饰 measures。识别要点：看到 being + 过去分词紧跟名词之后，先问“它与名词是主动还是被动关系”，再问“是不是正在发生”——两问都过，即判定为现在进行时被动的简化形式。边界反例：The measures taken last year 里没有 being，taken 是过去分词作后置定语，表“已被采取的”——差一个 being，时间轴就完全不同。 主动句变被动的三步转换 主动变被动是理解构成的反向验证，三步走：原句宾语提升为主语 → 谓语改为 be + being + 过去分词 → 原主语移到 by 后（不重要可省）。 The workers are building the bridge. → The bridge is being built (by the workers). be 随新主语变化：原句宾语是单数，is 保留；原句宾语是复数，须改为 are。常见错误是照搬原句的 is/are，没有跟着新主语重新定数。 微练：The farmers are harvesting the wheat in the fields now.（改为被动句） 拓展：being + done 作非谓语 语法填空还常考 being + done 作主语、宾语或介词宾语（名词性用法），含义多为“被……”。 Being protected by law is only the first step.（被法律保护只是第一步。） 这类 being 是独立的非谓语形式，与进行被动（am/is/are + being + done）不同——后者是谓语结构里的固定一环，前者独立充当句子成分。拿不准时先看being 前有没有 be 动词：有 be 即构成进行被动，无 be 即非谓语。边界反例：The measures being taken are enough 里 being taken 前无 be，却是分词定语而非名词性用法——非谓语内部还要再分定语与名词性，别一刀切。 高考三处落点 语法填空（核心）：给动词提示词，句中已有 now / at present / these days 等标志，答案须写成 is/are being done。此处失分最多，因为“不加 being 也通顺”。 完形与阅读的长难句理解：being done 常在定语从句、分词结构中修饰名词，识别“此刻正被”的语境含义，而非照搬字面。 书面表达：客观陈述“正在采取的措施”用 Measures are being taken to…，比 We are taking measures 更正式、更贴合报告语域，是倡议、报告类作文稳定拿语言得体分的低成本句式。 句式积累：The problem is being dealt with. / Effective measures are being carried out. / The situation is being improved step by step. 积累三四个“正在被做”的报告型表达，作文时直接替换主语，避免临时造句出错。 即时练一练 The old library ______ (rebuild) these days, so students are using the new reading room. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting right now, so please wait a moment. 4、 三步判定：时 → 态 → 数 定时态：找时间标志词。now / at present / these days → 进行；last year / yesterday → 过去；since / so far → 完成；tomorrow → 将来。没有标志词时，看语境与前后句。 定语态：判断主语与动词的关系。主语是动作的承受者 → 被动；主语自己发出动作 → 主动。只有能接宾语的动词才有被动。 定数：主语单复数决定 be 用 is/are、was/were、has/have。 为什么顺序是“先时态、再语态、后数”？因为语态与数的判定都依赖动词形式，而动词形式由时态决定。顺序颠倒的代价：先定了数却不知该用哪套 be，先定了语态却不知加不加 being。按“时 → 态 → 数”走，每步只做一件事，不易乱。 判定口令：定时态看标志（无标志看语境）；定语态看主宾（能接宾语才被动）；定数看核心（圈掉修饰看主语）。做题时边念边验，错误率大幅下降。 六个示范 示范一　These fish ______ (threaten) by pollution now. 示范二　These measures ______ (take) by the government since 2010. 示范三　A new reserve ______ (build) near the river at present. 示范四（无标志词，靠语境）　Be quiet! The experiment ______ (carry) out in the lab. 示范五（无标志词，靠上下文）　—Where is your report?　—It ______ (type) by the secretary. 示范六（定语从句语境）　The report ______ (write) by the secretary now will be handed in tomorrow. 特殊主语的定数 命题人最爱在主语上做手脚——主语后跟一串修饰语，把真正的核心名词藏起来。 The number of wild animals ______ (protect) by law now. 遇到 The number of…、A team of…、Much… 这类结构，先把修饰成分圈掉，只看核心词。核心词是单数概念，谓语就走单数。边界反例：a number of 恰恰相反，意为“许多”，后接复数可数名词，谓语用复数——the 与 a 一字之差，谓语方向相反。 结构 谓语数 举例 the number of + 复数名词 单数 The number of pandas is growing. a number of + 复数名词 复数 A number of birds are being counted. a team of + 复数名词 / much 单数 A team of scientists is studying the birds. 三行对照记一条主轴：number 前有 the 看“数”（单数概念），有 a 看“量”（复数）；a team of 与 much 同属“单数概念”一组。 定语态误判的一个例外 物作主语并不一定用被动。 The new film is showing in the cinema now. show 表“（电影）上映、放映”时，习惯上用主动语态 is showing，不用被动 is being shown。这类“约定俗成的主动表被动”要单独记。边界反例：The film is being shown on Channel 6 tonight 里 film 是“被电视台播出”，播出方是电视台，被动成立——同样是 film 与 show，“影院上映”用主动、“电视播出”可用被动，语域与施动者变了，语态跟着变。 5、 情态动词的被动与无被动清单 构成：情态动词 + be + 过去分词。Rare animals must be protected at all costs. / This work can be finished in two days. / Illegal hunting should be banned. 何时加 being：只有句意强调“正在被做”时才写 be being done；表“应该、必须、能够被做”时，用 be + done，不加 being。 辨析：The road must be repaired.（路必须被修，表义务）与 The road must be being repaired now.（路此刻一定正在被修，表推断且正在进行）。后者罕见，知道存在即可。 否定与疑问：情态动词被动的否定在情态动词后加 not（cannot be done），疑问把情态动词提前（Must this be done?）。 微练：The tickets to the show ______ (can / book) online in advance. 无被动的动词与短语 不及物动词无被动：happen、appear、disappear、die、arrive、remain、rise、fall、come。 部分短语动词无被动：die out、take place、break out、run out、come true。 系动词表状态时无被动：look、sound、taste、smell、feel + 形容词，主动表“看起来、听起来、尝起来”。 主动表被动的特殊结构：need / want / require + doing（= to be done）；be worth doing。The car needs repairing（= needs to be repaired）。 部分及物动词的主动用法：have、fit、cost、lack 表示“拥有、适合、花费、缺少”时，通常用主动。 双宾语变被动：give / send / offer 等带双宾语的动词，变被动时既可以把直接宾语（物）作主语，也可以把间接宾语（人）作主语。They are sending us some books. → Some books are being sent to us. 或 We are being sent some books. 人作主语更自然，也更常考。 使役动词与感官动词变被动：make / see / hear + 宾语 + do，变被动时 do 须改回 to do。They are made to work hard. 边界反例：passive 后接原形的规则只对 make/see/hear 这一类成立，let 的被动多用 be allowed to do 表达，很少写 was let do。 判断方法：把动词放进“be + ___”里读一遍——根本不能接宾语的动词，绝不可能有被动。 错句：The accident was taken place near the reserve. / The species was died out. / The old bridge was happened to collapse. 正句：The accident took place near the reserve. / The species died out long ago. / The old bridge happened to collapse. take place、die out、happen 均为不及物，永无被动，之前加了 was 即为硬伤。三句的错误形态一致：把“无被动”动词硬塞进被动框架。 微练：用所给动词的正确形式填空。 Look! The forest fire ______ (put) out by the firefighters now. A meeting ______ (hold) to discuss wildlife protection tomorrow. The story ______ (sound) interesting, but it is not true. More books ______ (send) to the students in the mountain village these days. 6、 高频易错速查表（判据自足） 易错点 判定信号 正判 边界反例 being 漏写 有 now / these days / right now 必加 being：is/are being done usually / every day 出现时反而不加 being be 未随新主语变化 主动改被动后主语变了 圈掉修饰，看核心名词单复数 主语不变时 be 不变，勿过度矫正 the number of 误判复数 主语以 the number of 开头 视为单数，用 is / has a number of 表“许多”，谓语用复数 不及物动词硬加被动 happen / take place / die out 永无被动，直接用主动形式 及物短语 watch over 有被动：are being watched over 系动词误用被动 look / sound / feel + 形容词 主动表状态 turn / get + 形容词表变化，同样主动 主动表被动漏识别 show 表“影院上映” 用 is showing “电视播出”可用 is being shown，看施动者 用速查表的姿势：按“判定信号”一列检索，两秒内拿到判断；每条判据自足，不需要回到前文找定义。 7、 半独立练习：朱鹮数据自判（共 3 小题） 下面短文取自2026 年汉中市朱鹮重新发现 45 周年新闻发布会公布的官方数据。给定定位线索：数据句集中在第 1–2 句，措施句在末句。先自己用三步判定，再看对照栏。 The crested ibis, once down to seven wild birds in 1981, is writing one of the great recovery stories in Asia. By May 2026, the global population had climbed past 11,000, its habitat had expanded to 16,000 square kilometres, and the species had spread to 14 Chinese provinces. In Hanzhong alone, nearly 7,000 ibises are living across 157 night-roost sites, and new monitoring stations are being set up along the Han River to track the young birds. Farmers are being paid to keep paddies pesticide-free, so the fields stay safe feeding grounds. “The population is recovering, but the wet paddies it depends on are still under pressure,” one researcher said at the press conference. 1. According to the passage, the global crested ibis population in 2026 was ______. A. about 7,000　B. over 11,000　C. exactly 16,000　D. still falling 2. Which statement about Hanzhong is TRUE? A. Its ibises live at 157 night-roost sites.　B. Its ibises number over 11,000.　C. Its habitat covers 16,000 square kilometres.　D. It has spread to 14 provinces. 3. The underlined phrase “under pressure” in the last sentence probably means ______. A. well protected　B. rapidly growing　C. being harmed　D. carefully counted 8、 题型突破：语篇型语法选择（共 8 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每空先用三步判定口答依据，再选。 In the Qinling mountains, a quiet recovery 【1】 ______ right now. The crested ibis population 【2】 ______ from just seven birds in 1981 to more than 11,000 by 2026, and the species 【3】 ______ from the edge of extinction over the past four decades. Local farmers 【4】 ______ to keep their paddies free of pesticides, so the rice fields 【5】 ______ into safe feeding grounds year after year. At the same time, new monitoring stations 【6】 ______ along the Han River, where the habits of young ibises 【7】 ______ by researchers day and night. Much 【8】 ______ since the first seven birds were found, but the work is far from finished. 1. A. happens　B. happened　C. is being happened　D. is happening 2. A. has grown　B. had grown　C. grew　D. is growing 3. A. has been pulled　B. is pulled　C. pulled　D. was pulling 4. A. pay　B. are paid　C. are being paid　D. have paid 5. A. are turned　B. turned　C. have turned　D. are turning 6. A. set up　B. are being set up　C. have set up　D. were set up 7. A. are watched over　B. are watching over　C. watch over　D. is watched over 8. A. is done　B. did　C. has been done　D. is being done 八空串起一条判定链：第 1、4、6 空考进行被动，第 2、3、8 空考完成与过去参照，第 5 空考主动表变化，第 7 空考常态被动——时间状语一换，结构跟着换，这正是三步判定第一步要盯住的地方。边界反例：第 5 空 if 改为被动意义上的 transform（被改造），are being transformed 也成立——动词的及物性变了，语态判断随之改变，先判动词，再判语态。 变式对照 · 两步放大 同一句，只换时间状语：These trees ______ (water) by the students every morning. / These trees ______ (water) by the students right now. 被动结构归类 将下列动词短语按“可用被动”与“不可用被动”归类：take place / build / watch over / happen / die out / protect / arrive / clean。 语篇中的被动识别 阅读下面短文，圈出所有 being + 过去分词结构，并在空白处写出其含义（正在被……）。 Wildlife experts are worried about the antelopes. Right now, the grassland is being destroyed by overgrazing, and many young animals are being left without enough food. At the same time, new roads are being built through their habitat, so the animals have to move to safer areas. Although much is being done to protect them, the situation remains serious. 综合运用 · 四组对照（共 4 小题） 用所给动词的正确形式完成下列句子（先口述三步判定，再动笔）。 The animals ______ (feed) twice a day by the keeper. The animals ______ (feed) by the keeper right now. The animals ______ (feed) since last month by the new keeper. These rare birds ______ (must / protect) at all costs. 9、 分层实战（课堂完成） 基础层：主动改被动（非高考题型·仅供诊断，共 10 小题） 把下列主动句改为被动句，改完逐句检查 be 是否随新主语重新定数。 1. Volunteers are watching over the antelopes now. 2. Workers are building new bridges near the reserve. 3. Someone is cleaning the polluted river. 4. The government is setting up a new reserve. 5. They are feeding the injured birds at the centre. 6. Scientists are studying the habits of the rare birds. 7. The local people are cutting down trees on the hill. 8. A group of students is painting a mural about wildlife. 9. They are sending the rescue team food and water. 10. The workers are repairing the damaged road. 挑战层（课后选做）：被动语态思维导图 以“被动语态”为中心，画出四类分支：① 时态 × 被动（现进、现完、过去、情态）；② 被动标志词（now / these days / since / by）；③ 无被动清单（不及物、系动词、主动表被动）；④ 特殊主语定数（the number of / a number of / much / a team of）。每个分支配一个自造例句，例句落在野生动物保护语境。 自检要点：四个分支是否互斥不交叉；例句用三步判定逐个回验，时间标志词、主动被动、单复数三项都能说清即过关。 10、 课堂小结（带走） 下课前默写三件事：现在进行时被动的构成（am/is/are + being + 过去分词）；三步判定顺序（定时态 → 定语态 → 定数）；无被动清单里任意五类。 自检标准：随机给 5 个空，能在 10 秒内说出“时间标志词 + 主动被动 + 单复数”三项，为过关。说不出时间标志词的，回到第四节看“无标志词，靠语境”两条示范。 带走一句话：being 有无看标志，be 的形式看主语，能不能被动看动词。 11、 课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 阅读理解：A Ten-Year Ban Brings the River Back（共 4 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A comprehensive ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River Basin has successfully halted a seventy-year decline in fish resources, according to a study published in the journal Science in February 2026. To improve biodiversity along the Yangtze, China imposed a full fishing ban in 332 conservation areas of the basin in January 2020, and protection measures were later expanded to a ten-year moratorium along the river’s main streams and major tributaries, which took effect on Jan. 1, 2021. Evaluating the ban’s early impacts with monitoring data collected from 2018 to 2023, researchers found that fish biomass and abundance are now rising in the main channel. The Yangtze finless porpoise, whose population is counted as a barometer of the river’s health, has climbed from 1,012 individuals in 2017 to 1,426 in 2026. Signs of recovery are being recorded along the entire river, yet researchers caution that the ecosystem is still fragile and that full restoration will take far longer than a decade. 1. When did the ten-year moratorium along the main streams take effect? A. In January 2020.　B. On Jan. 1, 2021.　C. In February 2026.　D. In 2017. 2. What does the underlined word “barometer” in the passage probably mean? A. An indicator of conditions.　B. A warning of danger.　C. A record of history.　D. A cause of decline. 3. What can we learn about the Yangtze finless porpoise? A. Its population dropped by 414 since 2017.　B. It has fully recovered to pre-decline levels.　C. It was removed from the protection list in 2026.　D. It is used to measure the river’s ecological health. 4. Which of the following best states the researchers’ attitude? A. The ban has solved the river’s problems once and for all.　B. Recovery has begun but the river remains fragile.　C. The fishing ban should be ended ahead of schedule.　D. Full restoration has already been achieved. 语法填空：Finless Porpoises Number 1,426（共 10 空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yangtze finless porpoise 1. ______ (call) the “smiling angel” of the river, and its future is turning brighter. According to long-term monitoring by the Institute of Hydrobiology, its population 2. ______ (rise) from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,426 in 2026 — the first historic rebound after decades of decline. Right now, new rescue nets 3. ______ (set) up along the lower reaches, and cameras 4. ______ (install) at eight observation points to record every calf. Since the ten-year fishing ban 5. ______ (take) effect, fish stocks 6. ______ (recover) steadily, giving the porpoises far more to eat. The number of calves 7. ______ (spot) each year also 8. ______ (grow). Much remains to be done, but the direction 9. ______ (be) clear: the river 10. ______ (give) back to its oldest residents, one policy at a time. 书面表达（1 篇，约 100 词） 假定你是校英语报编辑李华，为学校“生态周”写一则英文短讯：报道家乡朱鹮保护正在进行的工作，并邀请同学周末参观观鸟点。内容包括：保护现状、正在采取的措施、参与方式。词数 100 左右。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $学科网周周有招-高中英语同步系列尖子班精品讲义 学科网周周有招 · 新教材同步尖子班讲义　2026 秋 · 人教版必修第二册 · 高一上学期 Unit 2　Wildlife Protection 第 19 讲　语法：现在进行时的被动语态与三步判定（教师版） 目录 一、 课时安排与学习目标 1 二、 导入：丢了一个 being，时态就变了（非高考题型·仅供诊断） 2 三、 构成与 being 的双重身份 2 being done 在长难句中的位置 3 主动句变被动的三步转换 3 四、 三步判定：时 → 态 → 数 5 特殊主语的定数 6 定语态误判的一个例外 6 五、 情态动词的被动与无被动清单 6 无被动的动词与短语 7 六、 高频易错速查表（判据自足） 8 七、 半独立练习：朱鹮数据自判（共 3 小题） 8 八、 题型突破：语篇型语法选择（共 8 小题） 9 变式对照 · 两步放大 11 被动结构归类 11 语篇中的被动识别 11 综合运用 · 四组对照（共 4 小题） 11 九、 分层实战（课堂完成） 12 基础层：主动改被动（非高考题型·仅供诊断，共 10 小题） 12 十、 课堂小结（带走） 13 十一、 课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 13 语法填空：Finless Porpoises Number 1,426（共 10 空） 14 书面表达（1 篇，约 100 词） 15 1、 课时安排与学习目标 【课时安排】本讲 2 课时连排，共 120 分钟。核心不是背结构，而是在语境下判定：该不该用 being，be 该用什么形式。 【学习目标】学完本讲，你能：① 用“时 → 态 → 数”三步判定语法填空里任何一个动词空，说出每一步的依据词；② 用时间标志词与 being 的匹配关系判断 being 的有无，识破“不加 being 也通顺”的陷阱；③ 面对特殊主语（the number of、a team of）与无被动动词（take place、happen），在三步之内给出正确形式。 【重点】being 的有无与时间状语的匹配；三步判定的执行顺序；特殊主语的定数。【难点】非谓语 being done 与进行被动的区分；无时间标志词时靠语境定时态。 2、 导入：丢了一个 being，时态就变了（非高考题型·仅供诊断） 比较下面两句，凭第一感觉判断哪句更恰当： A. The antelopes are protected by rangers now.　B. The antelopes are being protected by rangers now. 【答案】B 【解析】两句语法上都成立，这正是陷阱所在——多数人第一眼会说“都没错”。A 句是一般现在时被动，说“常年如此、被当作常态来保护”；B 句是现在进行时被动，说“就在此刻、正在被保护”。句中已有 now，要求动作正在进行，必须补出 being。边界反例：把 now 换成 usually，B 句反而不妥——usually 表习惯性动作，与“正在”冲突，此时该用 A 句的一般现在时被动。 语法填空考的不是对错，是语境下的“恰当”：时间状语与 being 必须互相匹配。usually 配一般现在时被动，now、right now、at present、these days 配现在进行时被动。 再往深处走一步：现在进行时被动能不能表达“一直如此”的常态？不能。being 锁死“此刻或现阶段正在”，要表达常态须回到一般现在时被动。与完成式对照：Many measures have been taken（已经采取了，强调完成）与 Many measures are being taken（正在采取，强调进行）——been 与 being 只差两个字母，语义却从“已完”变成“正在”。 3、 构成与 being 的双重身份 构成：am / is / are + being + 过去分词。be 随主语单复数与时间走，being 固定不变，过去分词表“被承受的动作”。 Much is being done to protect wildlife.（人们正为保护野生动物做很多事。） The antelopes are being protected by rangers now.（此刻藏羚羊正被巡护员保护着。） 被动语态的骨架是 be + done，而“进行”这个意思只能靠 being 来加——它既承载“进行”（与时间状语呼应），又配合过去分词构成被动。这是 being 最容易丢的原因：去掉 being 后句子照样通顺，只是时态从“正在”滑向“常态”。通顺，恰恰是命题人留给你的坑。 用法：表示“此刻或现阶段正在被进行”的动作，常与now、at present、at the moment、these days、right now连用。否定式为 be + not + being + done，疑问式把 be 提到主语前。 辨析 being 与 been：being 表“正在被做”，been 表“已经被做完”。句意强调“正在进行”用 being；强调“已经完成并延续到现在”用 been。 错句：The new bridge has been being built for years. 正句：The new bridge was built years ago. 或 The new bridge is being built now. has been being 结构冗赘，完成与进行叠加后头重脚轻，地道英语回避这种组合：要完成用 has been built，要进行用 is being built，二选一，不硬拼。边界反例：口语里偶见 has been being done，属可接受的非正式用法，书面表达与语法填空中一律判错。 时态 被动构成 典型时间状语 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + done every year, usually The antelopes are protected by law. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + done now, these days Much is being done to protect wildlife. 现在完成时 have/has + been + done since, so far Many measures have been taken. 情态动词 情态动词 + be + done — Illegal hunting must be stopped. 这张表按“时间状语”一列检索：看到哪一列的标志词，就锁哪一行的结构。四行的差异全在 be 动词的形态上——done 不变，being 与 been 之争、is 与 are 之争，都发生在 be 上。 being done 在长难句中的位置 阅读与完形中，现在进行时被动常以 being done 的形式躲在定语从句或分词结构里，修饰前面的名词，含义是“正在被……的”。 The measures being taken by the government are expected to work soon.（政府正在采取的措施预计很快就会见效。） 这里的 being taken 相当于 which are being taken，作定语修饰 measures。识别要点：看到 being + 过去分词紧跟名词之后，先问“它与名词是主动还是被动关系”，再问“是不是正在发生”——两问都过，即判定为现在进行时被动的简化形式。边界反例：The measures taken last year 里没有 being，taken 是过去分词作后置定语，表“已被采取的”——差一个 being，时间轴就完全不同。 主动句变被动的三步转换 主动变被动是理解构成的反向验证，三步走：原句宾语提升为主语 → 谓语改为 be + being + 过去分词 → 原主语移到 by 后（不重要可省）。 The workers are building the bridge. → The bridge is being built (by the workers). be 随新主语变化：原句宾语是单数，is 保留；原句宾语是复数，须改为 are。常见错误是照搬原句的 is/are，没有跟着新主语重新定数。 微练：The farmers are harvesting the wheat in the fields now.（改为被动句） 【答案】The wheat is being harvested (in the fields) now. 【解析】原句宾语 the wheat（单数）提升为主语，are 须改为 is，谓语改为 is being harvested；by the farmers 施动者非必要可省。定数的依据是新主语，与原句主语无关。 拓展：being + done 作非谓语 语法填空还常考 being + done 作主语、宾语或介词宾语（名词性用法），含义多为“被……”。 Being protected by law is only the first step.（被法律保护只是第一步。） 这类 being 是独立的非谓语形式，与进行被动（am/is/are + being + done）不同——后者是谓语结构里的固定一环，前者独立充当句子成分。拿不准时先看being 前有没有 be 动词：有 be 即构成进行被动，无 be 即非谓语。边界反例：The measures being taken are enough 里 being taken 前无 be，却是分词定语而非名词性用法——非谓语内部还要再分定语与名词性，别一刀切。 高考三处落点 语法填空（核心）：给动词提示词，句中已有 now / at present / these days 等标志，答案须写成 is/are being done。此处失分最多，因为“不加 being 也通顺”。 完形与阅读的长难句理解：being done 常在定语从句、分词结构中修饰名词，识别“此刻正被”的语境含义，而非照搬字面。 书面表达：客观陈述“正在采取的措施”用 Measures are being taken to…，比 We are taking measures 更正式、更贴合报告语域，是倡议、报告类作文稳定拿语言得体分的低成本句式。 句式积累：The problem is being dealt with. / Effective measures are being carried out. / The situation is being improved step by step. 积累三四个“正在被做”的报告型表达，作文时直接替换主语，避免临时造句出错。 即时练一练 The old library ______ (rebuild) these days, so students are using the new reading room. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting right now, so please wait a moment. 【答案】1. is being rebuilt　2. is being discussed 【解析】第 1 空 these days 提示现阶段正在进行，library 单数用 is，library 是 rebuild 的承受者，故 is being rebuilt。第 2 空 right now 提示进行，problem 单数且被讨论，用 is being discussed。两空的判定链相同：标志词 → 被动 → 定数。 4、 三步判定：时 → 态 → 数 定时态：找时间标志词。now / at present / these days → 进行；last year / yesterday → 过去；since / so far → 完成；tomorrow → 将来。没有标志词时，看语境与前后句。 定语态：判断主语与动词的关系。主语是动作的承受者 → 被动；主语自己发出动作 → 主动。只有能接宾语的动词才有被动。 定数：主语单复数决定 be 用 is/are、was/were、has/have。 为什么顺序是“先时态、再语态、后数”？因为语态与数的判定都依赖动词形式，而动词形式由时态决定。顺序颠倒的代价：先定了数却不知该用哪套 be，先定了语态却不知加不加 being。按“时 → 态 → 数”走，每步只做一件事，不易乱。 判定口令：定时态看标志（无标志看语境）；定语态看主宾（能接宾语才被动）；定数看核心（圈掉修饰看主语）。做题时边念边验，错误率大幅下降。 六个示范 示范一　These fish ______ (threaten) by pollution now. 【解析】第一步 now → 进行；第二步 fish 是“被威胁”的承受者 → 被动；第三步 these 表复数 → are。【答案】are being threatened 示范二　These measures ______ (take) by the government since 2010. 【解析】第一步 since 2010 → 现在完成；第二步 measures 是承受者 → 被动；第三步 these 复数 → have。【答案】have been taken。三步法不止用在进行被动，也通用于所有被动语态。 示范三　A new reserve ______ (build) near the river at present. 【解析】第一步 at present → 进行；第二步 reserve 是承受者 → 被动；第三步 reserve 单数 → is。【答案】is being built。 示范四（无标志词，靠语境）　Be quiet! The experiment ______ (carry) out in the lab. 【解析】句中无 now，Be quiet! 与祈使句共同营造“此刻正在进行”的语境；experiment 是 carry out 的承受者且单数，【答案】is being carried。时间标志词不是唯一判据，语境与上下文同样是定时态的依据。边界反例：把 Be quiet! 换成 The experiment often ______ (carry) out in this lab 的 often，语境立即转向常态，答案变为 is carried——同一个空，语境一换，答案跟着换。 示范五（无标志词，靠上下文）　—Where is your report?　—It ______ (type) by the secretary. 【解析】答语没有时间状语，但“此刻正在打”隐含在问答语境里，report 是承受者且单数，【答案】is being typed。 示范六（定语从句语境）　The report ______ (write) by the secretary now will be handed in tomorrow. 【解析】句中已有 now，report 与 write 为被动且单数，作定语的进行被动用【答案】being written（即 which is being written 的简化）。这是非谓语 being done 与进行被动的交汇点。 特殊主语的定数 命题人最爱在主语上做手脚——主语后跟一串修饰语，把真正的核心名词藏起来。 The number of wild animals ______ (protect) by law now. 【解析】学生常盯着 animals 复数，写成 are being protected。真正的主语是 number（单数），animals 只是 of 的宾语。正确【答案】is being protected。 遇到 The number of…、A team of…、Much… 这类结构，先把修饰成分圈掉，只看核心词。核心词是单数概念，谓语就走单数。边界反例：a number of 恰恰相反，意为“许多”，后接复数可数名词，谓语用复数——the 与 a 一字之差，谓语方向相反。 结构 谓语数 举例 the number of + 复数名词 单数 The number of pandas is growing. a number of + 复数名词 复数 A number of birds are being counted. a team of + 复数名词 / much 单数 A team of scientists is studying the birds. 三行对照记一条主轴：number 前有 the 看“数”（单数概念），有 a 看“量”（复数）；a team of 与 much 同属“单数概念”一组。 定语态误判的一个例外 物作主语并不一定用被动。 The new film is showing in the cinema now. show 表“（电影）上映、放映”时，习惯上用主动语态 is showing，不用被动 is being shown。这类“约定俗成的主动表被动”要单独记。边界反例：The film is being shown on Channel 6 tonight 里 film 是“被电视台播出”，播出方是电视台，被动成立——同样是 film 与 show，“影院上映”用主动、“电视播出”可用被动，语域与施动者变了，语态跟着变。 5、 情态动词的被动与无被动清单 构成：情态动词 + be + 过去分词。Rare animals must be protected at all costs. / This work can be finished in two days. / Illegal hunting should be banned. 何时加 being：只有句意强调“正在被做”时才写 be being done；表“应该、必须、能够被做”时，用 be + done，不加 being。 辨析：The road must be repaired.（路必须被修，表义务）与 The road must be being repaired now.（路此刻一定正在被修，表推断且正在进行）。后者罕见，知道存在即可。 否定与疑问：情态动词被动的否定在情态动词后加 not（cannot be done），疑问把情态动词提前（Must this be done?）。 微练：The tickets to the show ______ (can / book) online in advance. 【答案】can be booked 【解析】表“可以提前在网上预订”，用 can + be + 过去分词，无需 being。义务与许可义不与进行叠加。 无被动的动词与短语 不及物动词无被动：happen、appear、disappear、die、arrive、remain、rise、fall、come。 部分短语动词无被动：die out、take place、break out、run out、come true。 系动词表状态时无被动：look、sound、taste、smell、feel + 形容词，主动表“看起来、听起来、尝起来”。 主动表被动的特殊结构：need / want / require + doing（= to be done）；be worth doing。The car needs repairing（= needs to be repaired）。 部分及物动词的主动用法：have、fit、cost、lack 表示“拥有、适合、花费、缺少”时，通常用主动。 双宾语变被动：give / send / offer 等带双宾语的动词，变被动时既可以把直接宾语（物）作主语，也可以把间接宾语（人）作主语。They are sending us some books. → Some books are being sent to us. 或 We are being sent some books. 人作主语更自然，也更常考。 使役动词与感官动词变被动：make / see / hear + 宾语 + do，变被动时 do 须改回 to do。They are made to work hard. 边界反例：passive 后接原形的规则只对 make/see/hear 这一类成立，let 的被动多用 be allowed to do 表达，很少写 was let do。 判断方法：把动词放进“be + ___”里读一遍——根本不能接宾语的动词，绝不可能有被动。 错句：The accident was taken place near the reserve. / The species was died out. / The old bridge was happened to collapse. 正句：The accident took place near the reserve. / The species died out long ago. / The old bridge happened to collapse. take place、die out、happen 均为不及物，永无被动，之前加了 was 即为硬伤。三句的错误形态一致：把“无被动”动词硬塞进被动框架。 微练：用所给动词的正确形式填空。 Look! The forest fire ______ (put) out by the firefighters now. A meeting ______ (hold) to discuss wildlife protection tomorrow. The story ______ (sound) interesting, but it is not true. More books ______ (send) to the students in the mountain village these days. 【答案】1. is being put　2. will be held　3. sounds　4. are being sent 【解析】第 1 空 now 提示进行，fire 是被扑灭的承受者。第 2 空 tomorrow 表将来，会议是被举办。第 3 空 sound 为系动词，主动表“听起来”。第 4 空 these days 提示现阶段进行，books 复数且被寄送。四空分别对应“进行被动、情态外的将来被动、系动词无被动、进行被动复数”四种情形。 6、 高频易错速查表（判据自足） 易错点 判定信号 正判 边界反例 being 漏写 有 now / these days / right now 必加 being：is/are being done usually / every day 出现时反而不加 being be 未随新主语变化 主动改被动后主语变了 圈掉修饰，看核心名词单复数 主语不变时 be 不变，勿过度矫正 the number of 误判复数 主语以 the number of 开头 视为单数，用 is / has a number of 表“许多”，谓语用复数 不及物动词硬加被动 happen / take place / die out 永无被动，直接用主动形式 及物短语 watch over 有被动：are being watched over 系动词误用被动 look / sound / feel + 形容词 主动表状态 turn / get + 形容词表变化，同样主动 主动表被动漏识别 show 表“影院上映” 用 is showing “电视播出”可用 is being shown，看施动者 用速查表的姿势：按“判定信号”一列检索，两秒内拿到判断；每条判据自足，不需要回到前文找定义。 7、 半独立练习：朱鹮数据自判（共 3 小题） 下面短文取自2026 年汉中市朱鹮重新发现 45 周年新闻发布会公布的官方数据。给定定位线索：数据句集中在第 1–2 句，措施句在末句。先自己用三步判定，再看对照栏。 The crested ibis, once down to seven wild birds in 1981, is writing one of the great recovery stories in Asia. By May 2026, the global population had climbed past 11,000, its habitat had expanded to 16,000 square kilometres, and the species had spread to 14 Chinese provinces. In Hanzhong alone, nearly 7,000 ibises are living across 157 night-roost sites, and new monitoring stations are being set up along the Han River to track the young birds. Farmers are being paid to keep paddies pesticide-free, so the fields stay safe feeding grounds. “The population is recovering, but the wet paddies it depends on are still under pressure,” one researcher said at the press conference. 1. According to the passage, the global crested ibis population in 2026 was ______. A. about 7,000　B. over 11,000　C. exactly 16,000　D. still falling 2. Which statement about Hanzhong is TRUE? A. Its ibises live at 157 night-roost sites.　B. Its ibises number over 11,000.　C. Its habitat covers 16,000 square kilometres.　D. It has spread to 14 provinces. 3. The underlined phrase “under pressure” in the last sentence probably means ______. A. well protected　B. rapidly growing　C. being harmed　D. carefully counted 【答案】1. B 【答案】2. A 【答案】3. C 对照判定（先自判，再看此栏） 【解析】第 1 题数值直接对应 had climbed past 11,000；A 的 7,000 是汉中一地的数量，C 的 16,000 是栖息地面积，单位与对象错位，D 与“恢复”的全文方向相反。第 2 题四项数据全真，差别在归属地：157 处夜宿地属汉中（A 对），其余三项是全球或全国口径。第 3 题引语先肯定“种群在恢复”，but 转折后的 still 表明稻田面临压力，being harmed（正受到损害）贴合语境；A、B 与 but 的转折逻辑冲突，D 是监测动作，非压力义。边界反例：第 2 题若把题干改为 about the species globally，答案就换成 B 与 C、D——题干问的归属范围一变，同一批数据的取舍全部重排。 8、 题型突破：语篇型语法选择（共 8 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每空先用三步判定口答依据，再选。 In the Qinling mountains, a quiet recovery 【1】 ______ right now. The crested ibis population 【2】 ______ from just seven birds in 1981 to more than 11,000 by 2026, and the species 【3】 ______ from the edge of extinction over the past four decades. Local farmers 【4】 ______ to keep their paddies free of pesticides, so the rice fields 【5】 ______ into safe feeding grounds year after year. At the same time, new monitoring stations 【6】 ______ along the Han River, where the habits of young ibises 【7】 ______ by researchers day and night. Much 【8】 ______ since the first seven birds were found, but the work is far from finished. 1. A. happens　B. happened　C. is being happened　D. is happening 【答案】D 【解析】right now 提示此刻正在进行，recovery 是 happen 的发出者，用 is happening。A 表常态，B 表过去，C 另设 is being happened——happen 不及物，永无被动，直接排除。 2. A. has grown　B. had grown　C. grew　D. is growing 【答案】B 【解析】by 2026 把参照点放在过去，动作发生在参照点之前，用过去完成时 had grown。A 的现在完成与 by 2026 的过去参照冲突；C 缺“此前已完成”的层次；D 与 by 2026 矛盾。 3. A. has been pulled　B. is pulled　C. pulled　D. was pulling 【答案】A 【解析】over the past four decades 提示现在完成，species 是“被拉回”的承受者，用 has been pulled。C、D 主动形式与承受者角色矛盾；B 表常态。 4. A. pay　B. are paid　C. are being paid　D. have paid 【答案】C 【解析】farmers 是“被支付”的承受者，且政策此刻正在落实，用现在进行时被动 are being paid。B 表常态，少了“正在推开”的过程义；A、D 主动形式与被动关系矛盾。 5. A. are turned　B. turned　C. have turned　D. are turning 【答案】D 【解析】turn into 表“逐渐变成”，不及物，无被动，year after year 与现在进行连用表逐年推进的变化过程。A 误加被动；B、C 时态与“逐年推进”的持续义不合。 6. A. set up　B. are being set up　C. have set up　D. were set up 【答案】B 【解析】stations 是“被建立”的承受者，at the same time 承接上文的此刻语境，用 are being set up。D 表过去，与“正在推进”的语境冲突；A、C 主动形式与承受者矛盾。 7. A. are watched over　B. are watching over　C. watch over　D. is watched over 【答案】A 【解析】habits 与 watch over 为被动关系，day and night 表常态，用一般现在时被动 are watched over；D 主谓数不一致。B、C 主动形式与 by researchers 矛盾。 8. A. is done　B. did　C. has been done　D. is being done 【答案】C 【解析】since 引导的时间从句与现在完成时连用，much 作主语视为单数，用 has been done。D 表正在进行，与 since 的累计义冲突；A 表常态；B 时态不符。 八空串起一条判定链：第 1、4、6 空考进行被动，第 2、3、8 空考完成与过去参照，第 5 空考主动表变化，第 7 空考常态被动——时间状语一换，结构跟着换，这正是三步判定第一步要盯住的地方。边界反例：第 5 空 if 改为被动意义上的 transform（被改造），are being transformed 也成立——动词的及物性变了，语态判断随之改变，先判动词，再判语态。 变式对照 · 两步放大 同一句，只换时间状语：These trees ______ (water) by the students every morning. / These trees ______ (water) by the students right now. 【答案】are watered ／ are being watered 【解析】主语相同（trees 复数）、语态相同（被动），唯一差异在时间标志：every morning → 一般现在时被动；right now → 现在进行时被动。这一组把“定时态”一步放大到最大，是 being 有无的关键。 被动结构归类 将下列动词短语按“可用被动”与“不可用被动”归类：take place / build / watch over / happen / die out / protect / arrive / clean。 【答案】可用被动：build、watch over、protect、clean；不可用被动：take place、happen、die out、arrive。 【解析】前一组能接宾语，可构成被动；后一组为不及物动词或短语，永无被动。归类动作本身就是“定语态”一步的前置练习。 语篇中的被动识别 阅读下面短文，圈出所有 being + 过去分词结构，并在空白处写出其含义（正在被……）。 Wildlife experts are worried about the antelopes. Right now, the grassland is being destroyed by overgrazing, and many young animals are being left without enough food. At the same time, new roads are being built through their habitat, so the animals have to move to safer areas. Although much is being done to protect them, the situation remains serious. 【答案】is being destroyed（正在被破坏）、are being left（正被抛下）、are being built（正在被修建）、is being done（正在被做）。 【解析】四处均为现在进行时被动。识别要点：先找 be（is/are），再找 being，最后看过去分词；三者齐备即为现在进行时被动。 综合运用 · 四组对照（共 4 小题） 用所给动词的正确形式完成下列句子（先口述三步判定，再动笔）。 The animals ______ (feed) twice a day by the keeper. The animals ______ (feed) by the keeper right now. The animals ______ (feed) since last month by the new keeper. These rare birds ______ (must / protect) at all costs. 【答案】1. are fed　2. are being fed　3. have been fed　4. must be protected 【解析】第 1 空 twice a day 表频率，一般现在时被动。第 2 空 right now 提示进行。第 3 空since last month 提示现在完成。第 4 空 must + be + done。四空覆盖常态、正在、完成、情态，是三种被动与情态被动的完整对照。 9、 分层实战（课堂完成） 基础层：主动改被动（非高考题型·仅供诊断，共 10 小题） 把下列主动句改为被动句，改完逐句检查 be 是否随新主语重新定数。 1. Volunteers are watching over the antelopes now. 2. Workers are building new bridges near the reserve. 3. Someone is cleaning the polluted river. 4. The government is setting up a new reserve. 5. They are feeding the injured birds at the centre. 6. Scientists are studying the habits of the rare birds. 7. The local people are cutting down trees on the hill. 8. A group of students is painting a mural about wildlife. 9. They are sending the rescue team food and water. 10. The workers are repairing the damaged road. 【答案】1. The antelopes are being watched over (by volunteers) now.　2. New bridges are being built near the reserve.　3. The polluted river is being cleaned.　4. A new reserve is being set up (by the government).　5. The injured birds are being fed at the centre.　6. The habits of the rare birds are being studied (by scientists).　7. Trees on the hill are being cut down by the local people.　8. A mural about wildlife is being painted by a group of students.　9. Food and water are being sent to the rescue team.　10. The damaged road is being repaired. 【解析】改写要点——原句宾语提升为主语；谓语变为 be + being + 过去分词；be 的形式随新主语的单复数变化；by 短语在施动者不重要时可省略。第 1 题 watch over 是短语动词，变被动时 over 不能丢。第 9 题考查双宾语：把直接宾语 food and water 提为主语更稳妥；若以 the rescue team 作主语，写 The rescue team is being sent food and water 亦可（集体名词此处视为单数）。 挑战层（课后选做）：被动语态思维导图 以“被动语态”为中心，画出四类分支：① 时态 × 被动（现进、现完、过去、情态）；② 被动标志词（now / these days / since / by）；③ 无被动清单（不及物、系动词、主动表被动）；④ 特殊主语定数（the number of / a number of / much / a team of）。每个分支配一个自造例句，例句落在野生动物保护语境。 自检要点：四个分支是否互斥不交叉；例句用三步判定逐个回验，时间标志词、主动被动、单复数三项都能说清即过关。 10、 课堂小结（带走） 下课前默写三件事：现在进行时被动的构成（am/is/are + being + 过去分词）；三步判定顺序（定时态 → 定语态 → 定数）；无被动清单里任意五类。 自检标准：随机给 5 个空，能在 10 秒内说出“时间标志词 + 主动被动 + 单复数”三项，为过关。说不出时间标志词的，回到第四节看“无标志词，靠语境”两条示范。 带走一句话：being 有无看标志，be 的形式看主语，能不能被动看动词。 11、 课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 阅读理解：A Ten-Year Ban Brings the River Back（共 4 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A comprehensive ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River Basin has successfully halted a seventy-year decline in fish resources, according to a study published in the journal Science in February 2026. To improve biodiversity along the Yangtze, China imposed a full fishing ban in 332 conservation areas of the basin in January 2020, and protection measures were later expanded to a ten-year moratorium along the river’s main streams and major tributaries, which took effect on Jan. 1, 2021. Evaluating the ban’s early impacts with monitoring data collected from 2018 to 2023, researchers found that fish biomass and abundance are now rising in the main channel. The Yangtze finless porpoise, whose population is counted as a barometer of the river’s health, has climbed from 1,012 individuals in 2017 to 1,426 in 2026. Signs of recovery are being recorded along the entire river, yet researchers caution that the ecosystem is still fragile and that full restoration will take far longer than a decade. 1. When did the ten-year moratorium along the main streams take effect? A. In January 2020.　B. On Jan. 1, 2021.　C. In February 2026.　D. In 2017. 【答案】B 【解析】时间直接对应 which took effect on Jan. 1, 2021。A 是 332 处保护区的禁渔起点，C 是研究发表时间，D 是江豚基数年份——三个真实年份各管一件事，时间偏移是此题唯一考点。 2. What does the underlined word “barometer” in the passage probably mean? A. An indicator of conditions.　B. A warning of danger.　C. A record of history.　D. A cause of decline. 【答案】A 【解析】barometer 本义“气压计”，语境义为“晴雨表”——江豚数量反映长江健康程度，即状况的指示器。B 把“指示”换成“警告”，警示义原文无据；D 因果倒置：江豚数量是结果与信号，不是衰退的原因；C 只保留“记录”义，丢了“指示”功能。 3. What can we learn about the Yangtze finless porpoise? A. Its population dropped by 414 since 2017.　B. It has fully recovered to pre-decline levels.　C. It was removed from the protection list in 2026.　D. It is used to measure the river’s ecological health. 【答案】D 【解析】its population is counted as a barometer of the river’s health——数量被当作长江生态的晴雨表，即测量河流生态健康的指标。A 把回升方向说成下降；B 无中生有，原文只说止跌回升；C 全篇无据。 4. Which of the following best states the researchers’ attitude? A. The ban has solved the river’s problems once and for all.　B. Recovery has begun but the river remains fragile.　C. The fishing ban should be ended ahead of schedule.　D. Full restoration has already been achieved. 【答案】B 【解析】末句 yet 转折给出完整态度：恢复信号已在全江显现，但生态仍然脆弱，全面恢复需要远超十年的时间。B 同时给出“已起步”与“仍脆弱”两半，完整对应；A、D 绝对化，与 still fragile、far longer than a decade 相反；C 与禁渔政策方向相反，直接排除。 命题说明：本篇据新华网 2026 年 2 月 19 日英文报道教学化改编，四个选项的干扰类型分别为时间偏移、语境义错位、方向颠倒、绝对化。 语法填空：Finless Porpoises Number 1,426（共 10 空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The Yangtze finless porpoise 1. ______ (call) the “smiling angel” of the river, and its future is turning brighter. According to long-term monitoring by the Institute of Hydrobiology, its population 2. ______ (rise) from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,426 in 2026 — the first historic rebound after decades of decline. Right now, new rescue nets 3. ______ (set) up along the lower reaches, and cameras 4. ______ (install) at eight observation points to record every calf. Since the ten-year fishing ban 5. ______ (take) effect, fish stocks 6. ______ (recover) steadily, giving the porpoises far more to eat. The number of calves 7. ______ (spot) each year also 8. ______ (grow). Much remains to be done, but the direction 9. ______ (be) clear: the river 10. ______ (give) back to its oldest residents, one policy at a time. 【答案】1. is called　2. rose　3. are being set　4. are being installed　5. took　6. have recovered　7. spotted　8. is growing　9. is　10. is being given 【解析】1. 与 call 为被动关系，一般现在时 is called。2. from 2017 到 2026 的回升是已完成的过去事件，用 rose。3. right now 提示进行，nets 是被设置的承受者，are being set。4. 同为进行被动，cameras 复数，are being installed。5. take effect 的动作发生在过去，用 took。6. since 与现在完成时连用，stocks 复数，have recovered。7. 第 7 空 calves 与 spot 为被动关系，作后置定语用过去分词 spotted（= that are spotted each year）——定语位置不独立成句，故不用 are spotted，填 are spotted 会使全句出现两套谓语。8. 主语 the number 视为单数，趋势正在增长，is growing。9. 主语 direction 单数，系动词 is。10. the river 是“被还给”的对象，强调正在发生的回馈，is being given。边界反例：第 2 空若误看 right now 类标志，会误填 is rising——from…to…的完整区间是“已完成的路径”，不能用进行时截断。 书面表达（1 篇，约 100 词） 假定你是校英语报编辑李华，为学校“生态周”写一则英文短讯：报道家乡朱鹮保护正在进行的工作，并邀请同学周末参观观鸟点。内容包括：保护现状、正在采取的措施、参与方式。词数 100 左右。 参考范文（先自己写完再看） Change is being written in the rice fields of Yangxian. The crested ibis, once down to seven birds, now tops 11,000 worldwide. At this moment, new monitoring stations are being built along the Han River, and farmers are being paid to keep paddies pesticide-free so that the birds can feed safely. This Saturday, our school will visit the bird-watching site in Yangxian. Meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. and bring your notebooks. To sign up, write to ecoweek@school.com by Friday. The recovery is still going on — and it needs the next pair of eyes. Yours, Li Hua 点评要点（讲评用） ① 身份与对象明确（校英语报编辑 → 全校同学）；② 现状、措施、参与方式三项齐全；③ 数据取自 2026 年官方发布（7 → 11,000），真实可溯源；④ 目标结构 is being written / are being built / are being paid 主动落在“正在发生”的语用上，复杂结构控制在两处以内；⑤ 集合时间、报名渠道、落款齐全，不虚构机构名与审批编号。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $