【周周有招】新教材同步尖子班讲义第16讲Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（词汇巩固_核心词块与动词短语）-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册（教师版+学生版）

学科网周周有招-高中英语同步系列尖子班精品讲义 2026秋 · 人教版必修二 · 高一上Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（学生版 · 词汇巩固专项） 第16讲 词汇巩固：核心词块与动词短语 课型：同步教学实课　|　课时：2 课时（120 分钟）　|　使用对象：高一年级尖子班 目录 一、课时安排与学习目标 2 二、导入：一个动词之差，视角全反 2 三、及物性：这个词后面能不能直接跟宾语 2 判断操作法 2 高考常考对比 3 to 是不定式还是介词，看后面跟什么 3 四、动词块清单：及物性与轨道 4 五、名词块：串成“动作 + 对象”链条 4 六、易混辨析 5 第一组：无被动的动词短语 5 第二组：watch over / look after / care for 6 第三组：adapt to / adopt 6 第四组：result in / result from、provide ... for / provide ... with 6 第五组：provide ... for / provide ... with 7 第六组：set up 与 raise awareness of 7 七、动词块填空四步法 7 变形一：主语是物，动词是“人做”的动作 8 变形二：空在介词 to 之后，动词是被动的对象 8 变形三：主语是事件本身，动词没有被动 8 八、题型突破 8 语法填空 · 动词块与介词（共 10 小题） 8 完形填空 · 短语辨析（共 15 小题） 8 九、分层实战 9 过关层（过关）：动词块填空（共 6 小题） 9 达标层（达标）：语境辨义与错位矫正（共 8 小题） 10 冲刺层（冲刺）：词汇活用填空（共 3 小题） 10 冲刺层（冲刺）：阅读迁移（共 8 小题） 10 十、动词块速查表（判据自足） 13 十一、课堂小结 13 十二、课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 14 语法填空：Beavers Return to Britain（共 10 小题） 14 阅读理解：Seagrass under the Sea（共 4 小题） 14 一、课时安排与学习目标 第 1 课时：导入 → 及物性与动词块 → 名词块与链条 → 易混辨析。 第 2 课时：填空四步法 → 题型突破 → 分层实战 → 冲刺订正与自检。 学习目标 维度 本讲目标 语言能力 能说出并准确运用 watch over、keep ... safe from、protect ... from、prevent ... from doing、take measures to do、raise awareness of、adapt to、recover from、remind ... of、have an effect on、set up、provide ... with/for 12 个核心动词块的“及物性 + 轨道 + 宾语角色”。 学习能力 能用“动词块填空四步法”（看主语 → 看空后 → 看语义 → 变形回读）独立完成语法填空中的动词块题。 思维品质 能依据“及物性决定被动、宾语角色决定用词”的判断链，识别完形中“动词 + 宾语”的错配陷阱。 重点 及物性判断；动词块的介词完整性；链条式名词块的默写与调用。 难点 adapt to 与 adopt 的形近辨析；result in / result from 的因果方向；provide ... for 与 provide ... with 的双宾介配。 二、导入：一个动词之差，视角全反 先别查词典，凭语感判断下面哪一句在说“保护鲸鱼免受猎杀”。 We should protect whales from being hunted. We should prevent ships from hunting whales. 三、及物性：这个词后面能不能直接跟宾语 先说清楚及物性。它听着像语法术语，其实只回答一个问题：这个动词后面能不能直接跟宾语？能，就是及物（watch the antelopes）；不能，必须借介词搭桥（adapt to the change），就是不及物。这个判断做对了，介词不会漏，被动不会错。 判断操作法 把宾语直接放到动词后，读一遍顺不顺。若必须加介词才通顺——adapt to the change 不能写成 adapt the change——该动词在此义项下不及物，介词不可丢。这个“读一遍”的动作，考场上一秒就能做完，比回忆“什么叫不及物动词”这个术语可靠得多。 两处常踩的坑先打预防针。一是宾语藏在短语里：look forward to the weekend，to 后面是名词，此时的 to 就是介词，别一见 to 就接原形。二是同一个动词换了义项，及物性跟着换：run a reserve （经营，及物）和 run out（耗尽，不及物）是 run 的两张面孔——判断永远只针对“当下这个义项”，先锁定义项，再谈及物不及物，才不会自相矛盾。落到高考卷上，及物性几乎不在题干里明说，全藏在空后那一两个词里：空后直接跟着名词，多半考及物；空后跟着介词，先想固定搭配。把这一眼练熟，语填和完形的第一层判断就不用再绕术语。补一句判据：介词后永远接 doing，不定式后永远接原形，先定 to 的身份，再定形式。 高考常考对比 来看几组高考常考的对比，边看边体会“读一遍”： 不及物（借介词） 及物（直接接） 一句话区别 adapt to the change adopt the change / a plan 被适应的是变化，被采纳的是办法 recover from the illness cure the illness 同一动作，两个视角：自己好 vs 治好 result in the accident（引起） result from the accident（源于） in 指向结果，from 指向来源 depend on / rely on the team trust the team 依赖须借 on，信任直接接 care for the injured bird care about the environment for 表照料，about 表关心 隐藏陷阱：同一个动词，不同义项及物性可能不同。care 在 care for 里是“照料”（须接宾语），在 “I don't care” 里却可单独用。判断及物性要锁定“当下这个义项”，不是笼统地说“care 是及物还是不及物”。这个坑在完形里更隐蔽：选项把两个义项的词形都摆出来，靠语感选就掉进去；先问“这里取哪个义项”，再判断物不及物。 及物性和被动是一对孪生兄弟。一个动词能不能用被动，取决于它有没有宾语。没有宾语的不及物动词，自然谈不上被动——没有对象可被施加动作。这解释了为什么 take place、happen、die out 这类词永远不能被动：它们的动作是自己发生的，主语就是动作本身。高考完形里若出现 was taken place、was happened 这样的选项，不用犹豫，直接排除。反过来，一个及物动词能不能用被动，要看宾语在句中是动作承受者还是发出者。 to 是不定式还是介词，看后面跟什么 一个容易被忽略却几乎年年考的点：动词块在非谓语里的样子。take measures to do（to 是不定式标志，后接原形）、be used to doing（to 是介词，后接动名词）、look forward to doing（同前）。同一个 to，在不同词块里身份完全不同。 判断只有一个动作：看 to 后面是动词原形还是 -ing。是原形，to 就是不定式；是 -ing，to 就是介词。落到填空：只要空位在 to 之后，先看 to 的身份再决定填什么。protect ... from being hunted 的 from 后接动名词、take measures to protect 的 to 后接原形——介词后接 doing、不定式后接原形，这条铁律能同时管住 protect / keep / prevent 三个词块的用法。顺手把 stop ... from 也归进“拦”字辈，几个词块一套判断走完。 四、动词块清单：及物性与轨道 背 take measures to do 时，要连轨道一起背：take + measures + to + 原形。只背“采取措施”四个字，写出来就是 do measures。 动词块 及物性 轨道 易错处 watch over ... 及物短语，直接接宾语 watch over + 区域 / 种群 变被动时 over 不能丢 keep ... safe from keep + 宾语 + 形 + from keep them safe from attacks from 后接名词；接动名词用 being done protect ... from 及物 protect + 受保护对象 + from 宾语是受害者，不是威胁行为 prevent ... from doing 及物 prevent + 行为发出者 + from doing 与 protect 语义相反，别混 place ... under protection 及物 place + 对象 + under + protection 介词用 under，不用 in / with take measures to do 及物 take + measures + to + 原形 measures 前用 take，不用 do raise awareness of 及物 raise + awareness + of awareness 前用 raise，不用 improve adapt to 不及物，to 为介词 adapt to + 变化 / 环境 与 adopt（采纳）形近义异 recover from 不及物 recover from + 困境 不接宾语，无被动 remind ... of 及物 remind sb of sth remember 无此结构 have an effect on 及物 have an effect on + 名词 effect 前用 have，不用 make set up 及物 set up + reserve / zone 建立机构、区域 provide ... with / for 及物 provide sb with sth; provide sth for sb 宾语是“人”放 with 后接物；宾语是“物”用 for 记忆口诀：被适应的是变化，被采纳的是办法；被恢复的是种群，被修复的是栖息地。 五、名词块：串成“动作 + 对象”链条 名词块单独记用途有限，它的价值在于与动词块串成完整链条。一个链条一写就是一整句地道表达。 take effective measures to protect endangered species（措施 → 保护 → 物种） place the species under national protection（把……置于保护之下） raise public awareness of wildlife protection（提高……意识） make a positive difference to the ecosystem（对……产生积极影响） set up a nature reserve for endangered animals（为……建立保护区） 链条里的介词和搭配必须是“焊死”的：measures 前面是 take，不是 do；awareness 前面是 raise，不是 improve。把链条落成考场句，有一个升级动作：在链条两端补上“谁”和“为什么”。链条背熟之后还能反过来当检查器：写完句子扫一遍，动词和名词的搭档对不上（do measures、improve awareness），说明链条没焊住。 The government has taken effective measures to protect endangered species from illegal hunting. 再补一个 because 或 since，句子的逻辑密度立刻上来。多个词块连用，就构成一段“措施—目标—成效”的完整表达： To protect endangered species, the government first took effective measures to raise public awareness of wildlife protection, then set up nature reserves to place the animals under national protection, and finally the population began to recover from the hard times. 三个动词块按“措施—对象—成效”排开，就是一段逻辑完整、层次分明的保护措施陈述。 六、易混辨析 第一组：无被动的动词短语 错句：The accident was taken place last night. / The species was died out. 辨析：take place、die out、break out、run out、come true 均为不及物短语，不接宾语，也就没有被动形式；happen、appear、disappear、die、arrive、remain 同理。错误来源是中文语感——中文里可以说“被举行”“被灭绝”，把中文的被动语感直接搬进了英文。同族的还有 belong to：The reserve belongs to the state 永远没有被动，is belonged to 是典型错项。还有一层更实用的账要算：及物性判对了，被动才不会硬加。历年阅卷里 was happened、was taken place 这类错误几乎每场都有，根源都不是没背过，而是动笔前没问一句“这个动词有宾语吗”。把这一问变成习惯，无被动动词这类错就能整类消掉。 正句：The accident took place last night. / The species died out long ago. 微练：The meeting ______ (take place) at nine yesterday morning. 第二组：watch over / look after / care for 错句：Rangers look after the reserve day and night. 辨析：look after 是日常照料，用于伤病个体或小孩；守护一片区域、一个种群须用含“警戒”义的 watch over；care for 侧重情感层面的关怀。三个词的区分点不是程度，是宾语类型——需要被看护的人，还是需要被巡护的区域 / 种群。 正句：Rangers watch over the reserve day and night. / She cared for the injured bird with great love. 微练：Volunteers ______ (watch) the river every weekend to keep it clean, and they also ______ (look) the injured swan found by the bank. 第三组：adapt to / adopt 错句：The government decided to adapt new measures to protect wildlife. 辨析：adapt to 意为“适应”，to 为介词；adopt 意为“采纳、收养”，是及物动词，直接接宾语。两词仅一字母之差，语义毫不相干。 正句：The government decided to adopt new measures. / Animals must adapt to the changing environment. 微练：The committee decided to ______ the new plan rather than ______ to the old one. 第四组：result in / result from、provide ... for / provide ... with 错句：The heavy rain resulted from the traffic accident. 辨析：两个介词方向相反——in 后面放结果，from 后面放原因。The heavy rain resulted in the accident（雨是因）；The accident resulted from the heavy rain（雨还是因，只是换了位置）。一句话：早发生的是原因，放 from 后面；晚发生的是结果，放 in 后面。 微练：The heavy rain ______ (result) the flood, and the flood ______ (result) the poor drainage. 第五组：provide ... for / provide ... with 错句：The reserve provides the animals for enough food. 辨析：provide 后面紧跟的宾语定方向：接人用 with 引物（provide sb with sth），接物用 for 引人（provide sth for sb）。with 管物，for 管人，对调即错。 正句：The reserve provides the animals with enough food. 微练：The center ______ food ______ the homeless dogs every day. 第六组：set up 与 raise awareness of 错句：The charity improved public awareness of wildlife protection last year. 辨析：awareness 只能被 raise（是“被唤起”，不是“被改进”），set up 只管“建立”机构与区域，换搭档即失分。improve the environment 成立，但 improve 管不了 awareness。这个家族考场上只考一件事：见 improve awareness、build up a reserve 这类换搭档的选项，直接排除。 正句：The charity raised public awareness of wildlife protection last year. / A new rescue center was set up near the wetland. 微练：Last month, volunteers ______ public awareness of bird protection, and a small rescue station was ______ near the lake. 七、动词块填空四步法 看主语是人还是物，判断及物与否。 看空后有无宾语、是否需要介词。 看语义——保护、适应、恢复还是灭绝。 变形（时态、三单、非谓语）后代入读一遍。 完整走一遍题目：The number of tigers has ______ (recover) from the hard times. 先按“看主语 → 看空后 → 看语义 → 变形回读”四步独立走一遍，把每一步的判断写在题目下方的空白处，再对照教师版讲解核对。 变形一：主语是物，动词是“人做”的动作 The volunteers ______ (provide) the village ______ clean water every year. 变形二：空在介词 to 之后，动词是被动的对象 Endangered animals need time ______ (adapt) to the new environment. 变形三：主语是事件本身，动词没有被动 Great changes ______ (take place) in the wetland since the reserve was set up. 八、题型突破 语法填空 · 动词块与介词（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的适当形式。 The Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve is a shelter for wild animals. During the harsh winter, rangers and other volunteers 1. ______ (watch) over the antelopes day and night 2. ______ (keep) them safe from attacks. The population 3. ______ (recover) since the government placed the species under national 4. ______ (protect). Thanks to these joint efforts, the number of Tibetan antelopes 5. ______ (double) in the past twenty years, and the reserve now 6. ______ (cover) an area of about 300,000 square kilometers. However, we cannot stop: the antelopes still 7. ______ (face) serious threats, and their future depends on 8. ______ we act now or not. It is time for 9. ______ (act) rather than empty words. More and more people have joined in 10. ______ (protect) wild animals. 完形填空 · 短语辨析（共 15 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring our class decided to (1)______ a small river near our school. The water (2)______ terrible, because a nearby factory had been (3)______ waste into it for years. Fish could hardly (4)______. Our teacher helped us (5)______ a plan: first we (6)______ the rubbish along the bank, then we wrote to the local newspaper to (7)______ people of the danger. The report (8)______ the factory to close its waste pipe. After that, volunteers (9)______ the river every weekend, and the local government (10)______ new rules to protect it. Slowly the water began to (11)______ from the pollution. Last month we were happy to see fish (12)______ back. The project also (13)______ a strong effect on us: we now (14)______ to buy fewer plastic bottles. Protecting a river is not a one-day job, but if everyone (15)______ their part, the water will stay clean. 1. A. look for　B. look after　C. watch over　D. care about 2. A. looked　B. smelt　C. sounded　D. tasted 3. A. pouring　B. saving　C. burning　D. hiding 4. A. swim　B. hide　C. sleep　D. survive 5. A. adapt　B. adjust　C. admit　D. adopt 6. A. collected　B. moved　C. cleared　D. threw 7. A. remind　B. remember　C. recall　D. warn 8. A. made　B. forced　C. had　D. let 9. A. looked for　B. watched over　C. looked after　D. cared about 10. A. passed　B. took　C. broke　D. kept 11. A. restore　B. return　C. remove　D. recover 12. A. going　B. taking　C. coming　D. bringing 13. A. had　B. gave　C. took　D. made 14. A. refuse　B. forget　C. decide　D. fear 15. A. takes　B. makes　C. gives　D. plays 九、分层实战 过关层（过关）：动词块填空（共 6 小题） 用本讲动词块填空，必要时变化形式：adapt to / protect ... from / take measures / have an effect on / recover from / remind ... of 1. Pollution ______ a serious ______ the health of wild animals. 2. The government ______ to stop illegal hunting last year. 3. Wild animals must ______ the changes in their habitat. 4. The population slowly ______ the crisis. 5. The ranger’s stories ______ me ______ the years when the species was in danger. 6. Laws should ______ the animals ______ being hunted. 达标层（达标）：语境辨义与错位矫正（共 8 小题） 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Great changes ______ (take place) in my hometown in the past few years. 2. The volunteers ______ (look) the seal pups they found on the rocks. 3. To cut down on plastic waste, our school decided to ______ a “no-straw” policy and asked everyone to ______ to it. 4. The old photo ______ me ______ the days when antelopes were hunted in large numbers. 5. The storm ______ several bridge collapses, and the collapses partly ______ poor maintenance. 6. The local government ______ the nature reserves ______ cameras and drones to help watch over the animals. 7. The number of visitors to the reserve ______ (rise) since it opened to the public. 8. The bridge collapse ______ (result) from years of poor maintenance. 冲刺层（冲刺）：词汇活用填空（共 3 小题） 半独立环节：先自判每空考什么，再动笔。本层在词块之上加了变形与陷阱，8 分钟内独立完成，再核对教师版讲解。 在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。 1. The wetland ______ (recover) slowly since the fishing ban took effect. 2. To stop the whales ______ (hunt), the government has placed the species under national protection. 3. Enough food ______ (provide) for the animals in the reserve since 2020. 冲刺层（冲刺）：阅读迁移（共 8 小题） 阅读下面两篇短文，完成第 1—8 题，20 分钟内完成。 Passage　Whale Sharks Don't Read Maps Whale sharks are the largest fish in the sea, yet they remain among the least understood. Every spring, they gather at Ningaloo Reef off Australia's west coast, but tracking studies show that most of them do not return along the routes scientists had expected. The animals, it turns out, are adapting to changing ocean temperatures rather than swimming along fixed paths. They are not lost, researchers point out; they are responding to the water. Still, the findings resulted in a new worry: the whale shark is listed as Endangered by the IUCN, and many of the world's shark species lack even basic movement data, so fishing nets and ships often catch them by accident. To protect these giants, the Australian government has set up protected zones and passed rules that keep ships slow near known gathering spots. Volunteers watch over the coast during the breeding season, and local fishermen have been reminded of the harm a single net can do. Awareness has risen, but recovery is slow: a whale shark may take 30 years to recover from a serious injury. The lesson is modest but firm. We cannot protect what we do not understand, and we cannot understand what we do not track. For wildlife, existing in harmony with nature is not a slogan — it is a calculation of speed, season and survival. 1. What can be inferred about whale sharks from Paragraph 1? A. They are the most-studied fish in the ocean. B. Scientists know little about them despite their size. C. They gather at Ningaloo Reef all year round. D. They are the largest animals in the sea. 2. What did the underlined word “resulted in” in Paragraph 2 lead to? A. A new method of tracking. B. A new worry. C. A new species. D. A new reserve. 3. Why are the protected zones set up according to Paragraph 3? A. To keep ships slow. B. To watch over volunteers. C. To remind fishermen of rules. D. To protect whale sharks from ships and nets. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Protect What You Track B. Whale Sharks: The Largest Fish C. How to Raise Awareness D. Fishing Nets in Australia Passage　Night Lights on the Beach Every summer, loggerhead turtles return to the same beaches where they were born to lay their eggs. Yet fewer and fewer baby turtles survive their first journey from sand to sea. Bright lights from hotels and streets confuse them: instead of following the moonlight on the waves, they crawl inland and die of exhaustion. To deal with the problem, coastal towns have passed new rules. Beachfront lights must be turned off or covered after ten at night, heavy machines are kept away from nesting areas, and volunteers watch over the nests night after night. Signs along the beach remind visitors of the harm a single footstep can do to a nest hidden under the sand. These measures resulted in a slow but real recovery: on some beaches, the number of nests has risen for five years in a row. Scientists warn, however, that the species remains in danger. Recovery from a hundred years of damage will not come quickly — a loggerhead needs over twenty years to grow old enough to lay eggs of its own. The lesson is the same as it is for every wild species. We did not break the beach in a day, and we will not repair it in a day. But every dark night is a gift, because it lets the baby turtles find their way home. 5. Why do fewer baby turtles survive their first journey from sand to sea? A. They hatch later than before. B. Beach lights lead them away from the sea. C. The beaches are too crowded in summer. D. Waves wash them back to the sand. 6. Which of the following is mentioned as a new rule in Paragraph 2? A. Closing all the hotels near the beach. B. Moving the nests to safer places. C. Keeping heavy machines away from nesting areas. D. Forbidding visitors to walk on the beach. 7. What can we learn about the recovery from Paragraph 3? A. It is real but will take a long time. B. It has solved the problem completely. C. It has made the turtles grow faster. D. It depends mainly on scientists' warnings. 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Lights Out, Turtles Home B. The Life of Loggerhead Turtles C. Volunteers on the Beach D. A Hundred Years of Damage 十、动词块速查表（判据自足） 判定信号 判什么 反例 动词后直接放宾语，读起来顺 及物，不需介词：watch the antelopes adapt the change 错；须 adapt to the change 空后是 -ing 还是原形 to 后接 -ing → to 是介词（adapt to changing）；to 后接原形 → 不定式（take measures to protect） look forward to protect 错；应为 to protecting 宾语是“受害者”还是“行为发出者” protect + 受害者 + from；prevent + 发出者 + from doing prevent whales from being hunted 语义错置 主语是自己完成动作的事件/物种 无被动：take place / happen / die out / break out was taken place、was died out 必错 宾语是区域/种群 还是 伤病个体 区域/种群 → watch over；个体 → look after；情感关怀 → care for look after the reserve 搭配错位 a plan / a policy / a child adopt（采纳/收养），及物 adapt a plan 错 主语是原因，用 result in；主语是结果，用 result from result in + 结果；result from + 原因 The accident resulted in the heavy rain 因果倒置 provide 后的第一个宾语是人 provide sb with sth provide the students for books 错 空在 has / have 之后，主语为 number / population 用过去分词 risen / recovered，不用 raised The number has raised 错 十一、课堂小结 三个动作，考场上只要两秒：看主语、看空后、读一遍。 看主语——决定能不能被动；看空后——决定要不要介词；读一遍——决定时态与人称。三步走完，动词块题基本不失分。 十二、课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 素材与课堂实战完全独立。先限时完成语法填空与阅读理解，再对照教师版讲解订正。 语法填空：Beavers Return to Britain（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beavers once lived along the rivers of Britain, but they were hunted to extinction about 400 years ago. In 2025, after the government’s landmark decision, the government finally allowed beavers 1. ______ (return) to the wild in England. Since then, several families of beavers 2. ______ (set) up home in the rivers of Somerset and Dorset, and the changes have been surprising. The dams 3. ______ the beavers build slow the flow of the river, 4. ______ creates a chain of ponds where frogs, fish and water birds have 5. ______ (quick) returned. Local farmers, 6. ______ once feared that the animals would destroy their fields, now admit that the ponds help hold water during dry summers. Scientists from the University of Exeter have recorded many other species living around the ponds so far. “The beaver is a great 7. ______ (engineer),” one researcher said. “We protect it, and it protects the landscape for us.” The project shows that bringing back a lost species can make 8. ______ real difference to 9. ______ whole ecosystem, and it gives other countries the 10. ______ (confident) to try. 阅读理解：Seagrass under the Sea（共 4 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Under the clear water off the coast of Wales lies a meadow that few visitors ever see. Seagrass, a flowering plant that grows in shallow seas, stores carbon thirty-five times faster than rainforest and gives shelter to young fish. Over the past century, the UK has lost up to 92 per cent of its seagrass, damaged by pollution and careless anchoring. Since 2021, a team of volunteers has been replanting seagrass seeds by hand. The work is slow: divers fill small bags with sand and seeds and press them into the seabed, square metre by square metre. The results, however, are encouraging: in the restored areas the water is clearer, and researchers have counted twice as many fish species as before. The team also asks local boat owners to use special moorings that do not drag along the seabed. “We did not lose these meadows in a year, and we will not bring them back in a year,” says one of the project leaders. “But every bag of seeds is a small promise to the sea.” 1. What makes seagrass special according to Paragraph 1? A. It grows faster than any land plant. B. It stores carbon far faster than rainforest. C. It is the oldest plant in the sea. D. It flowers once every hundred years. 2. How do the volunteers replant seagrass? A. By dropping seeds from boats. B. By covering the seabed with sand only. C. By pressing bags of sand and seeds into the seabed. D. By asking divers to remove pollution. 3. What change have the volunteers observed in the restored areas? A. The water has become clearer and fish have returned. B. The meadows now cover the whole coast of Wales. C. Local fishermen have given up fishing completely. D. The seabed has risen much higher than before. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Loss of Welsh Beaches B. Divers in Danger C. Fish Farming in Wales D. Seeds of Hope under the Sea 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $学科网周周有招-高中英语同步系列尖子班精品讲义 2026秋 · 人教版必修二 · 高一上Unit 2 Wildlife Protection（教师版 · 词汇巩固专项） 第16讲 词汇巩固：核心词块与动词短语 课型：同步教学实课　|　课时：2 课时（120 分钟）　|　使用对象：高一年级尖子班 目录 一、课时安排与学习目标 2 二、导入：一个动词之差，视角全反 2 三、及物性：这个词后面能不能直接跟宾语 3 判断操作法 3 高考常考对比 3 to 是不定式还是介词，看后面跟什么 4 四、动词块清单：及物性与轨道 4 五、名词块：串成“动作 + 对象”链条 5 六、易混辨析 5 第一组：无被动的动词短语 5 第二组：watch over / look after / care for 6 第三组：adapt to / adopt 6 第四组：result in / result from、provide ... for / provide ... with 7 第五组：provide ... for / provide ... with 7 第六组：set up 与 raise awareness of 7 七、动词块填空四步法 8 变形一：主语是物，动词是“人做”的动作 8 变形二：空在介词 to 之后，动词是被动的对象 8 变形三：主语是事件本身，动词没有被动 9 八、题型突破 9 语法填空 · 动词块与介词（共 10 小题） 9 完形填空 · 短语辨析（共 15 小题） 10 九、分层实战 12 过关层（过关）：动词块填空（共 6 小题） 12 达标层（达标）：语境辨义与错位矫正（共 8 小题） 13 冲刺层（冲刺）：词汇活用填空（共 3 小题） 14 冲刺层（冲刺）：阅读迁移（共 8 小题） 15 十、动词块速查表（判据自足） 18 十一、课堂小结 18 十二、课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 18 语法填空：Beavers Return to Britain（共 10 小题） 19 阅读理解：Seagrass under the Sea（共 4 小题） 19 一、课时安排与学习目标 第 1 课时：导入 → 及物性与动词块 → 名词块与链条 → 易混辨析。 第 2 课时：填空四步法 → 题型突破 → 分层实战 → 冲刺订正与自检。 学习目标 维度 本讲目标 语言能力 能说出并准确运用 watch over、keep ... safe from、protect ... from、prevent ... from doing、take measures to do、raise awareness of、adapt to、recover from、remind ... of、have an effect on、set up、provide ... with/for 12 个核心动词块的“及物性 + 轨道 + 宾语角色”。 学习能力 能用“动词块填空四步法”（看主语 → 看空后 → 看语义 → 变形回读）独立完成语法填空中的动词块题。 思维品质 能依据“及物性决定被动、宾语角色决定用词”的判断链，识别完形中“动词 + 宾语”的错配陷阱。 重点 及物性判断；动词块的介词完整性；链条式名词块的默写与调用。 难点 adapt to 与 adopt 的形近辨析；result in / result from 的因果方向；provide ... for 与 provide ... with 的双宾介配。 二、导入：一个动词之差，视角全反 先别查词典，凭语感判断下面哪一句在说“保护鲸鱼免受猎杀”。 We should protect whales from being hunted. We should prevent ships from hunting whales. 【解析】两句都对，但不可互换。protect ... from 的宾语是受保护的对象，from 后是加害的来源；prevent ... from 的宾语是被拦下的动手方，from 后是它要做的动作。一个“护”，一个“拦”，视角相反，介词结构却一模一样——考场上分这两个词块，辨的从来不是介词，是 from 前面那个名词的角色：要护的，用 protect；要拦的，用 prevent。 三、及物性：这个词后面能不能直接跟宾语 先说清楚及物性。它听着像语法术语，其实只回答一个问题：这个动词后面能不能直接跟宾语？能，就是及物（watch the antelopes）；不能，必须借介词搭桥（adapt to the change），就是不及物。这个判断做对了，介词不会漏，被动不会错。 判断操作法 把宾语直接放到动词后，读一遍顺不顺。若必须加介词才通顺——adapt to the change 不能写成 adapt the change——该动词在此义项下不及物，介词不可丢。这个“读一遍”的动作，考场上一秒就能做完，比回忆“什么叫不及物动词”这个术语可靠得多。 两处常踩的坑先打预防针。一是宾语藏在短语里：look forward to the weekend，to 后面是名词，此时的 to 就是介词，别一见 to 就接原形。二是同一个动词换了义项，及物性跟着换：run a reserve （经营，及物）和 run out（耗尽，不及物）是 run 的两张面孔——判断永远只针对“当下这个义项”，先锁定义项，再谈及物不及物，才不会自相矛盾。落到高考卷上，及物性几乎不在题干里明说，全藏在空后那一两个词里：空后直接跟着名词，多半考及物；空后跟着介词，先想固定搭配。把这一眼练熟，语填和完形的第一层判断就不用再绕术语。补一句判据：介词后永远接 doing，不定式后永远接原形，先定 to 的身份，再定形式。 高考常考对比 来看几组高考常考的对比，边看边体会“读一遍”： 不及物（借介词） 及物（直接接） 一句话区别 adapt to the change adopt the change / a plan 被适应的是变化，被采纳的是办法 recover from the illness cure the illness 同一动作，两个视角：自己好 vs 治好 result in the accident（引起） result from the accident（源于） in 指向结果，from 指向来源 depend on / rely on the team trust the team 依赖须借 on，信任直接接 care for the injured bird care about the environment for 表照料，about 表关心 隐藏陷阱：同一个动词，不同义项及物性可能不同。care 在 care for 里是“照料”（须接宾语），在 “I don't care” 里却可单独用。判断及物性要锁定“当下这个义项”，不是笼统地说“care 是及物还是不及物”。这个坑在完形里更隐蔽：选项把两个义项的词形都摆出来，靠语感选就掉进去；先问“这里取哪个义项”，再判断物不及物。 及物性和被动是一对孪生兄弟。一个动词能不能用被动，取决于它有没有宾语。没有宾语的不及物动词，自然谈不上被动——没有对象可被施加动作。这解释了为什么 take place、happen、die out 这类词永远不能被动：它们的动作是自己发生的，主语就是动作本身。高考完形里若出现 was taken place、was happened 这样的选项，不用犹豫，直接排除。反过来，一个及物动词能不能用被动，要看宾语在句中是动作承受者还是发出者。 to 是不定式还是介词，看后面跟什么 一个容易被忽略却几乎年年考的点：动词块在非谓语里的样子。take measures to do（to 是不定式标志，后接原形）、be used to doing（to 是介词，后接动名词）、look forward to doing（同前）。同一个 to，在不同词块里身份完全不同。 判断只有一个动作：看 to 后面是动词原形还是 -ing。是原形，to 就是不定式；是 -ing，to 就是介词。落到填空：只要空位在 to 之后，先看 to 的身份再决定填什么。protect ... from being hunted 的 from 后接动名词、take measures to protect 的 to 后接原形——介词后接 doing、不定式后接原形，这条铁律能同时管住 protect / keep / prevent 三个词块的用法。顺手把 stop ... from 也归进“拦”字辈，几个词块一套判断走完。 四、动词块清单：及物性与轨道 背 take measures to do 时，要连轨道一起背：take + measures + to + 原形。只背“采取措施”四个字，写出来就是 do measures。 动词块 及物性 轨道 易错处 watch over ... 及物短语，直接接宾语 watch over + 区域 / 种群 变被动时 over 不能丢 keep ... safe from keep + 宾语 + 形 + from keep them safe from attacks from 后接名词；接动名词用 being done protect ... from 及物 protect + 受保护对象 + from 宾语是受害者，不是威胁行为 prevent ... from doing 及物 prevent + 行为发出者 + from doing 与 protect 语义相反，别混 place ... under protection 及物 place + 对象 + under + protection 介词用 under，不用 in / with take measures to do 及物 take + measures + to + 原形 measures 前用 take，不用 do raise awareness of 及物 raise + awareness + of awareness 前用 raise，不用 improve adapt to 不及物，to 为介词 adapt to + 变化 / 环境 与 adopt（采纳）形近义异 recover from 不及物 recover from + 困境 不接宾语，无被动 remind ... of 及物 remind sb of sth remember 无此结构 have an effect on 及物 have an effect on + 名词 effect 前用 have，不用 make set up 及物 set up + reserve / zone 建立机构、区域 provide ... with / for 及物 provide sb with sth; provide sth for sb 宾语是“人”放 with 后接物；宾语是“物”用 for 记忆口诀：被适应的是变化，被采纳的是办法；被恢复的是种群，被修复的是栖息地。 五、名词块：串成“动作 + 对象”链条 名词块单独记用途有限，它的价值在于与动词块串成完整链条。一个链条一写就是一整句地道表达。 take effective measures to protect endangered species（措施 → 保护 → 物种） place the species under national protection（把……置于保护之下） raise public awareness of wildlife protection（提高……意识） make a positive difference to the ecosystem（对……产生积极影响） set up a nature reserve for endangered animals（为……建立保护区） 链条里的介词和搭配必须是“焊死”的：measures 前面是 take，不是 do；awareness 前面是 raise，不是 improve。把链条落成考场句，有一个升级动作：在链条两端补上“谁”和“为什么”。链条背熟之后还能反过来当检查器：写完句子扫一遍，动词和名词的搭档对不上（do measures、improve awareness），说明链条没焊住。 The government has taken effective measures to protect endangered species from illegal hunting. 再补一个 because 或 since，句子的逻辑密度立刻上来。多个词块连用，就构成一段“措施—目标—成效”的完整表达： To protect endangered species, the government first took effective measures to raise public awareness of wildlife protection, then set up nature reserves to place the animals under national protection, and finally the population began to recover from the hard times. 三个动词块按“措施—对象—成效”排开，就是一段逻辑完整、层次分明的保护措施陈述。 六、易混辨析 第一组：无被动的动词短语 错句：The accident was taken place last night. / The species was died out. 辨析：take place、die out、break out、run out、come true 均为不及物短语，不接宾语，也就没有被动形式；happen、appear、disappear、die、arrive、remain 同理。错误来源是中文语感——中文里可以说“被举行”“被灭绝”，把中文的被动语感直接搬进了英文。同族的还有 belong to：The reserve belongs to the state 永远没有被动，is belonged to 是典型错项。还有一层更实用的账要算：及物性判对了，被动才不会硬加。历年阅卷里 was happened、was taken place 这类错误几乎每场都有，根源都不是没背过，而是动笔前没问一句“这个动词有宾语吗”。把这一问变成习惯，无被动动词这类错就能整类消掉。 正句：The accident took place last night. / The species died out long ago. 微练：The meeting ______ (take place) at nine yesterday morning. 【答案】took place 【解析】take place 无被动；yesterday morning 为过去时间点，用一般过去时 took place。 第二组：watch over / look after / care for 错句：Rangers look after the reserve day and night. 辨析：look after 是日常照料，用于伤病个体或小孩；守护一片区域、一个种群须用含“警戒”义的 watch over；care for 侧重情感层面的关怀。三个词的区分点不是程度，是宾语类型——需要被看护的人，还是需要被巡护的区域 / 种群。 正句：Rangers watch over the reserve day and night. / She cared for the injured bird with great love. 微练：Volunteers ______ (watch) the river every weekend to keep it clean, and they also ______ (look) the injured swan found by the bank. 【答案】watched over; looked after 【解析】提示词限定动词后，考点落在“动词后要不要介词”：watch over 的 over 不能丢，look after 的 after 不能丢，两个都是“动词 + 介词”焊死的短语动词。再用宾语校验落位：the river 是区域，the injured swan 是伤病个体——区域 / 种群 → watch over，个体 → look after，语义各自归位。 第三组：adapt to / adopt 错句：The government decided to adapt new measures to protect wildlife. 辨析：adapt to 意为“适应”，to 为介词；adopt 意为“采纳、收养”，是及物动词，直接接宾语。两词仅一字母之差，语义毫不相干。 正句：The government decided to adopt new measures. / Animals must adapt to the changing environment. 微练：The committee decided to ______ the new plan rather than ______ to the old one. 【答案】adopt; adapt 【解析】第一空：采纳新计划，用及物的 adopt，直接接宾语；第二空：空后已有 to，填 adapt to 表“适应旧计划”。两词仅一字母之差——判据就一句：空后直接接宾语用 adopt，空后已有 to 用 adapt。 第四组：result in / result from、provide ... for / provide ... with 错句：The heavy rain resulted from the traffic accident. 辨析：两个介词方向相反——in 后面放结果，from 后面放原因。The heavy rain resulted in the accident（雨是因）；The accident resulted from the heavy rain（雨还是因，只是换了位置）。一句话：。 微练：The heavy rain ______ (result) the flood, and the flood ______ (result) the poor drainage. 【答案】resulted in; resulted from 【解析】一个 (result) 提示词、两个方向。第一空：heavy rain 在先、the flood 在后，雨是因、洪是果，填 resulted in；第二空掉个头：poor drainage 是洪灾的原因，the flood 是结果，填 resulted from。 第五组：provide ... for / provide ... with 错句：The reserve provides the animals for enough food. 辨析：provide 后面紧跟的宾语定方向：接人用 with 引物（provide sb with sth），接物用 for 引人（provide sth for sb）。with 管物，for 管人，对调即错。 正句：The reserve provides the animals with enough food. 微练：The center ______ food ______ the homeless dogs every day. 【答案】provides; for 【解析】food 是提供的“物”，紧跟 provide 之后；the homeless dogs 是接受方，由 for 引出。若把 dogs 放 provide 之后，就得换成 with food——介词方向跟着宾语角色走。 第六组：set up 与 raise awareness of 错句：The charity improved public awareness of wildlife protection last year. 辨析：awareness 只能被 raise（是“被唤起”，不是“被改进”），set up 只管“建立”机构与区域，换搭档即失分。improve the environment 成立，但 improve 管不了 awareness。这个家族考场上只考一件事：见 improve awareness、build up a reserve 这类换搭档的选项，直接排除。 正句：The charity raised public awareness of wildlife protection last year. / A new rescue center was set up near the wetland. 微练：Last month, volunteers ______ public awareness of bird protection, and a small rescue station was ______ near the lake. 【答案】raised; set up 【解析】第一空：awareness 前只用 raise，叙述过去用 raised；第二空：建立救援站用 set up，被动语态中 up 不能丢，填 set up。 七、动词块填空四步法 看主语是人还是物，判断及物与否。 看空后有无宾语、是否需要介词。 看语义——保护、适应、恢复还是灭绝。 变形（时态、三单、非谓语）后代入读一遍。 第四步最容易被跳过。变形之后必须回读一遍：介词是否搭配、时态人称是否一致、该动词能否用于被动——介词漏掉、时态错位、被动硬加，多半都卡在这一步。顺序固定下来还有个好处：错的时候能定位——错在介词，回第二步；错在形式，回第四步；说不清错在哪，多半第一步主语就没看。 完整走一遍题目：The number of tigers has ______ (recover) from the hard times. 【答案】has recovered 【解析】第一步看主语：number 是物，recover 是不及物动词，主语自己完成动作，无被动。第二步看空后：from the hard times，recover from 是固定搭配，介词已有，不需再填。第三步看语义：从艰难时期“恢复”，语义通。第四步变形：has 提示现在完成时，填 recovered。这套流程把“背搭配”和“看结构”合成一个动作。死记 recover from 却漏 from，多半是没走第二步——没确认空后需不需要介词。 变形一：主语是物，动词是“人做”的动作 The volunteers ______ (provide) the village ______ clean water every year. 【答案】provide; with 【解析】第一步看主语：the volunteers 是人，主动提供。第二步看空后：the village 是接受方，clean water 是提供之物——人 + with + 物，用 provide ... with。第三步看语义：每年提供，every year 提示一般现在时。第四步回读：provide the village with clean water，介词方向正确。四步走完，介词方向是“读出来”的，不是背出来的。 变形二：空在介词 to 之后，动词是被动的对象 Endangered animals need time ______ (adapt) to the new environment. 【答案】to adapt 【解析】第一步看主语：animals 是动作发出者，主动适应。第二步看空后：to the new environment 中 to 已是介词，空位在 need 之后——need to do 接不定式，to 在此是不定式标志而非介词。第三步看语义：需要时间去适应，语义通。第四步回读：need time to adapt to the new environment，两个 to 身份不同——need 后的 to 是不定式，adapt 后的 to 是介词，一个句子里 to 的两种身份并存。这道题把“看 to 的身份”和“填不定式”两步合成一空，漏掉 adapt 后的介词 to 就是高频错点。 变形三：主语是事件本身，动词没有被动 Great changes ______ (take place) in the wetland since the reserve was set up. 【答案】have taken place 【解析】第一步看主语：changes 是 take place 的主语，动作自己发生，主语就是动作本身，没有被动。第二步看空后：无宾语，不需介词。第三步看语义：湿地发生变化，语义通。第四步回读：since 从句用过去式 was set up，主句用现在完成时；set up 在从句里是被动——同一个空组里，take place 无被动、set up 有被动，两种主语身份各走各的判断。边界反例：把 changes 换成 people（The park was set up by volunteers），宾语身份出现了，被动就能成立——无被动的判断只对“主语即动作本身”成立，不是对动词一刀切。 八、题型突破 语法填空 · 动词块与介词（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或括号内单词的适当形式。 The Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve is a shelter for wild animals. During the harsh winter, rangers and other volunteers 1. ______ (watch) over the antelopes day and night 2. ______ (keep) them safe from attacks. The population 3. ______ (recover) since the government placed the species under national 4. ______ (protect). Thanks to these joint efforts, the number of Tibetan antelopes 5. ______ (double) in the past twenty years, and the reserve now 6. ______ (cover) an area of about 300,000 square kilometers. However, we cannot stop: the antelopes still 7. ______ (face) serious threats, and their future depends on 8. ______ we act now or not. It is time for 9. ______ (act) rather than empty words. More and more people have joined in 10. ______ (protect) wild animals. 【答案】1. watched　2. to keep　3. has recovered　4. protection　5. has doubled　6. covers　7. face　8. whether　9. action　10. protecting 【解析·第 1 题】，直接接宾语 the antelopes；During the harsh winter 表过去时段，用一般过去时 watched。这一空考及物性加时态——若误判成不及物去加介词，或漏掉过去式变形，整句就散了。 【解析·第 2 题】表目的用不定式 to keep。 【解析·第 3 题】since 引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时；population 在此视为单数，故 has recovered；recover 是不及物动词，此处不需要被动。 【解析·第 4 题】under national protection 为固定名词搭配，填名词 protection。 【解析·第 5 题】double 表“翻倍”，是不及物动词（数量自身变化），无被动；in the past twenty years 提示现在完成时，主语 the number 视为单数，填 has doubled。 【解析·第 6 题】cover 在此意为“覆盖、占地”，及物动词直接接宾语；主语 the reserve 是第三人称单数，陈述客观现状用一般现在时，填 covers。 【解析·第 7 题】face 意为“面临”，及物动词直接接宾语 serious threats；主语 the antelopes 是复数，still 提示持续状态，用一般现在时 face。 【解析·第 8 题】depends on 后接宾语从句，句末 or not 提示用 whether（if 不能直接与 or not 连用）。 【解析·第 9 题】act 是动词，介词 for 之后需要名词作宾语，填 action；take action 与本讲 take measures 同构，都表“采取行动”。 【解析·第 10 题】join in 后接动名词作宾语；people 与 protect 是主动关系，填 protecting。 语法填空给动词时，先问“这个动词能不能被动”，再问“时态该是什么”，顺序不能反。 完形填空 · 短语辨析（共 15 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring our class decided to (1)______ a small river near our school. The water (2)______ terrible, because a nearby factory had been (3)______ waste into it for years. Fish could hardly (4)______. Our teacher helped us (5)______ a plan: first we (6)______ the rubbish along the bank, then we wrote to the local newspaper to (7)______ people of the danger. The report (8)______ the factory to close its waste pipe. After that, volunteers (9)______ the river every weekend, and the local government (10)______ new rules to protect it. Slowly the water began to (11)______ from the pollution. Last month we were happy to see fish (12)______ back. The project also (13)______ a strong effect on us: we now (14)______ to buy fewer plastic bottles. Protecting a river is not a one-day job, but if everyone (15)______ their part, the water will stay clean. 1. A. look for　B. look after　C. watch over　D. care about 【答案·第 1 题】C 【解析·第 1 题】宾语是一条小河（区域），语境为“认领并守护”，用含警戒义的 watch over；look after 用于照料个体，care about 指在意，均不合。 2. A. looked　B. smelt　C. sounded　D. tasted 【答案·第 2 题】B 【解析·第 2 题】河水“闻起来”难闻，用 smelt；感官动词后接形容词。 3. A. pouring　B. saving　C. burning　D. hiding 【答案·第 3 题】A 【解析·第 3 题】工厂“排放”废水，用 pouring；pour ... into 为固定搭配，had been pouring 表持续多年的动作。 4. A. swim　B. hide　C. sleep　D. survive 【答案·第 4 题】D 【解析·第 4 题】污染严重到鱼难以“存活”，用 survive（swim 只表动作，与 hardly 搭配语义不足）。 5. A. adapt　B. adjust　C. admit　D. adopt 【答案·第 5 题】D 【解析·第 5 题】采纳计划用 adopt，与 adapt（适应）仅一字母之差，是本讲核心形近词的直接落点。这个空去年年级统测错了一半，多数人看见熟悉的 adapt 就下手了。 6. A. collected　B. moved　C. cleared　D. threw 【答案·第 6 题】C 【解析·第 6 题】清理河岸垃圾用 cleared。 7. A. remind　B. remember　C. recall　D. warn 【答案·第 7 题】A 【解析·第 7 题】remind sb of sth 为固定搭配，表“唤起关注”；remember / recall 均无“动词 + sb + of sth”结构；warn sb of sth 侧重警告祸患，与“致信报纸唤起公众长期关注”的语境不符。 8. A. made　B. forced　C. had　D. let 【答案·第 8 题】B 【解析·第 8 题】force sb to do 是唯一能接带 to 不定式作宾补的正确项；make / let / have 后接不带 to 的不定式，语法上无法匹配空后的 to close。 9. A. looked for　B. watched over　C. looked after　D. cared about 【答案·第 9 题】B 【解析·第 9 题】志愿者每周“巡护”河流区域，用 watched over，与第 1 题同一判断。 10. A. passed　B. took　C. broke　D. kept 【答案·第 10 题】A 【解析·第 10 题】政府“通过”新规，用 passed。 11. A. restore　B. return　C. remove　D. recover 【答案·第 11 题】D 【解析·第 11 题】recover from 中 recover 为不及物动词，主语是 water，故选 recover；restore 须接被修复之物作宾语。 12. A. going　B. taking　C. coming　D. bringing 【答案·第 12 题】C 【解析·第 12 题】see fish coming back 意为“看到鱼回来”，coming 与 see 构成 see sb doing 结构。 13. A. had　B. gave　C. took　D. made 【答案·第 13 题】A 【解析·第 13 题】have an effect on 为固定搭配。 14. A. refuse　B. forget　C. decide　D. fear 【答案·第 14 题】C 【解析·第 14 题】decide to do 表“决定少买塑料瓶”，与全文行动导向一致。 15. A. takes　B. makes　C. gives　D. plays 【答案·第 15 题】D 【解析·第 15 题】play one’s part 表“尽自己的一份力”，play 在此不是“玩”，属熟词僻义；take / make / give 均无 “______ one’s part” 这一搭配。 【答案速查】1.C　2.B　3.A　4.D　5.D　6.C　7.A　8.B　9.B　10.A　11.D　12.C　13.A　14.C　15.D 九、分层实战 过关层（过关）：动词块填空（共 6 小题） 用本讲动词块填空，必要时变化形式：adapt to / protect ... from / take measures / have an effect on / recover from / remind ... of 1. Pollution ______ a serious ______ the health of wild animals. 【答案】has; effect on 【解析】have an effect on 为固定搭配，effect 前用 have；主语 Pollution 是第三人称单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 has; effect on。 2. The government ______ to stop illegal hunting last year. 【答案】took measures 【解析】last year 提示一般过去时；take measures to do 表“采取措施”，measures 前用 take 不用 do，故填 took measures。 3. Wild animals must ______ the changes in their habitat. 【答案】adapt to 【解析】must 后接动词原形；the changes 是被适应的对象，adapt 为不及物动词，介词 to 不可丢，故填 adapt to。 4. The population slowly ______ the crisis. 【答案】is recovering from（slowly 提示恢复正在进行，用进行时） 【解析】slowly 提示恢复正在进行，用现在进行时；recover 不及物、无被动，from the crisis 中介词 from 不可省，故填 is recovering from。 5. The ranger’s stories ______ me ______ the years when the species was in danger. 【答案】reminded; of 【解析】remind sb of sth 为固定搭配，remember 无此结构；叙述过去的事用一般过去时，故填 reminded; of。 6. Laws should ______ the animals ______ being hunted. 【答案】protect; from 【解析】protect ... from doing 表“保护……免于”，宾语 the animals 是受保护对象；should 后接原形，故填 protect; from。 达标层（达标）：语境辨义与错位矫正（共 8 小题） 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Great changes ______ (take place) in my hometown in the past few years. 【答案】have taken place 【解析】in the past few years 提示现在完成时；take place 不及物、无被动，填 have taken place；误加被动式是高频错点。 2. The volunteers ______ (look) the seal pups they found on the rocks. 【答案】looked after 【解析】提示词 look 限定方向后，判断落在短语搭配上：seal pups 是需照料的伤病个体，用 look after；look for 表“寻找”，与 found 矛盾；look at 只表“看”，无“照料”义。对照微练：宾语是区域用 watch over，是个体才用 look after。 3. To cut down on plastic waste, our school decided to ______ a “no-straw” policy and asked everyone to ______ to it. 【答案】adopt; adapt 【解析】第一空：采纳政策用 adopt，及物动词直接接宾语；第二空：空后已有 to，填 adapt to 表“适应”。一句话锁定：。 4. The old photo ______ me ______ the days when antelopes were hunted in large numbers. 【答案】reminds; of 【解析】remind sb of sth 为固定搭配，remember 无此结构。 5. The storm ______ several bridge collapses, and the collapses partly ______ poor maintenance. 【答案】resulted in; resulted from 【解析】第一空：the storm 是原因，bridge collapses 是结果，用 resulted in；第二空反着走：collapses 是果，poor maintenance 是因，用 resulted from——一正一反，两组介词方向各考一次。 6. The local government ______ the nature reserves ______ cameras and drones to help watch over the animals. 【答案】provides; with 【解析】provide ... with ...：the reserves 是接受方，cameras and drones 是所提供之物，用 provide ... with 结构。 7. The number of visitors to the reserve ______ (rise) since it opened to the public. 【答案】has risen 【解析】rise 不及物、无被动，主语 the number 视为单数，since 提示现在完成时，填 has risen；误填 raised 是把 rise（自己升起）与 raise（举起、提高，及物）混为一谈——先判及物性，再变形。 8. The bridge collapse ______ (result) from years of poor maintenance. 【答案】resulted from 【解析】result from 不及物、无被动，主语是结果、from 后是原因：collapse 是果，poor maintenance 是因，填 resulted from；was 是多加的，不能写 was resulted。 冲刺层（冲刺）：词汇活用填空（共 3 小题） 半独立环节：先自判每空考什么，再动笔。本层在词块之上加了变形与陷阱，8 分钟内完成，后对照解析核对。 在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。 1. The wetland ______ (recover) slowly since the fishing ban took effect. 2. To stop the whales ______ (hunt), the government has placed the species under national protection. 3. Enough food ______ (provide) for the animals in the reserve since 2020. 【答案】1. has recovered　2. being hunted　3. has been provided 【解析·第 1 题】recover 不及物、无被动，主语 the wetland 视为单数，since 提示现在完成时，填 has recovered；rise / raise 的辨析在达标层第 7 题收口，此处换 recover from 再走一遍“先判及物性再变形”。 【解析·第 2 题】stop ... (from) doing 中 from 可以省略；hunt 与 whales 是被动关系（鲸鱼被猎杀），故填 being hunted。两条规则并作一个空收口。 【解析·第 3 题】food 与 provide 是被动关系（食物被提供），since 2020 提示现在完成时，填 has been provided；provide sth for sb 变被动时，for 短语原位保留。 冲刺层（冲刺）：阅读迁移（共 8 小题） 阅读下面两篇短文，完成第 1—8 题，20 分钟内完成。 Passage　Whale Sharks Don't Read Maps Whale sharks are the largest fish in the sea, yet they remain among the least understood. Every spring, they gather at Ningaloo Reef off Australia's west coast, but tracking studies show that most of them do not return along the routes scientists had expected. The animals, it turns out, are adapting to changing ocean temperatures rather than swimming along fixed paths. They are not lost, researchers point out; they are responding to the water. Still, the findings resulted in a new worry: the whale shark is listed as Endangered by the IUCN, and many of the world's shark species lack even basic movement data, so fishing nets and ships often catch them by accident. To protect these giants, the Australian government has set up protected zones and passed rules that keep ships slow near known gathering spots. Volunteers watch over the coast during the breeding season, and local fishermen have been reminded of the harm a single net can do. Awareness has risen, but recovery is slow: a whale shark may take 30 years to recover from a serious injury. The lesson is modest but firm. We cannot protect what we do not understand, and we cannot understand what we do not track. For wildlife, existing in harmony with nature is not a slogan — it is a calculation of speed, season and survival. 1. What can be inferred about whale sharks from Paragraph 1? A. They are the most-studied fish in the ocean. B. Scientists know little about them despite their size. C. They gather at Ningaloo Reef all year round. D. They are the largest animals in the sea. 【答案·第 1 题】B 【解析·第 1 题】首段“largest fish ... least understood”体量与认知的反差，可推出 B；D 偷换概念——鲸鲨是最大的鱼类，海里最大的动物是鲸；A 与 least understood 相反；C 原文说每年春季聚集，并非全年。 2. What did the underlined word “resulted in” in Paragraph 2 lead to? A. A new method of tracking. B. A new worry. C. A new species. D. A new reserve. 【答案·第 2 题】B 【解析·第 2 题】resulted in 表“导致”，其宾语为 a new worry；许多鲨鱼物种连基本迁徙数据都缺乏，是“因”，担忧是“果”。in 指向结果，from 指向来源。 3. Why are the protected zones set up according to Paragraph 3? A. To keep ships slow. B. To watch over volunteers. C. To remind fishermen of rules. D. To protect whale sharks from ships and nets. 【答案·第 3 题】D 【解析·第 3 题】设置保护区、限制航速、提醒渔民，共同目的都是使鲸鲨免于船只与渔网之害；A、C 是手段，D 是目的。protect ... from 的宾语必须是受保护对象。 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Protect What You Track B. Whale Sharks: The Largest Fish C. How to Raise Awareness D. Fishing Nets in Australia 【答案·第 4 题】A 【解析·第 4 题】末段 We cannot protect what we do not understand, and we cannot understand what we do not track 是全篇主旨句，A 最能概括；B、D 仅为细节，C 偏题。 Passage　Night Lights on the Beach Every summer, loggerhead turtles return to the same beaches where they were born to lay their eggs. Yet fewer and fewer baby turtles survive their first journey from sand to sea. Bright lights from hotels and streets confuse them: instead of following the moonlight on the waves, they crawl inland and die of exhaustion. To deal with the problem, coastal towns have passed new rules. Beachfront lights must be turned off or covered after ten at night, heavy machines are kept away from nesting areas, and volunteers watch over the nests night after night. Signs along the beach remind visitors of the harm a single footstep can do to a nest hidden under the sand. These measures resulted in a slow but real recovery: on some beaches, the number of nests has risen for five years in a row. Scientists warn, however, that the species remains in danger. Recovery from a hundred years of damage will not come quickly — a loggerhead needs over twenty years to grow old enough to lay eggs of its own. The lesson is the same as it is for every wild species. We did not break the beach in a day, and we will not repair it in a day. But every dark night is a gift, because it lets the baby turtles find their way home. 5. Why do fewer baby turtles survive their first journey from sand to sea? A. They hatch later than before. B. Beach lights lead them away from the sea. C. The beaches are too crowded in summer. D. Waves wash them back to the sand. 【答案·第 5 题】B 【解析·第 5 题】首段 “Bright lights ... confuse them: instead of following the moonlight on the waves, they crawl inland” 表明灯光把幼龟引离大海，选 B；A、C、D 均无文本依据。 6. Which of the following is mentioned as a new rule in Paragraph 2? A. Closing all the hotels near the beach. B. Moving the nests to safer places. C. Keeping heavy machines away from nesting areas. D. Forbidding visitors to walk on the beach. 【答案·第 6 题】C 【解析·第 6 题】第二段三条新规：关灯或遮灯、机器远离产卵区、志愿者夜间看护巢穴；C 是其中一条。A、B 未提及；D 曲解文意——提示牌提醒的是别踩巢，不是禁止上沙滩。 7. What can we learn about the recovery from Paragraph 3? A. It is real but will take a long time. B. It has solved the problem completely. C. It has made the turtles grow faster. D. It depends mainly on scientists' warnings. 【答案·第 7 题】A 【解析·第 7 题】“a slow but real recovery” 与 “will not come quickly” 共同指向 A；B 与 “remains in danger” 矛盾；C、D 曲解文意。 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Lights Out, Turtles Home B. The Life of Loggerhead Turtles C. Volunteers on the Beach D. A Hundred Years of Damage 【答案·第 8 题】A 【解析·第 8 题】全篇围绕“关灯护龟”展开，末段 “every dark night is a gift” 点题，A 最能概括；B 过宽，C、D 仅为细节。 十、动词块速查表（判据自足） 判定信号 判什么 反例 动词后直接放宾语，读起来顺 及物，不需介词：watch the antelopes adapt the change 错；须 adapt to the change 空后是 -ing 还是原形 to 后接 -ing → to 是介词（adapt to changing）；to 后接原形 → 不定式（take measures to protect） look forward to protect 错；应为 to protecting 宾语是“受害者”还是“行为发出者” protect + 受害者 + from；prevent + 发出者 + from doing prevent whales from being hunted 语义错置 主语是自己完成动作的事件/物种 无被动：take place / happen / die out / break out was taken place、was died out 必错 宾语是区域/种群 还是 伤病个体 区域/种群 → watch over；个体 → look after；情感关怀 → care for look after the reserve 搭配错位 a plan / a policy / a child adopt（采纳/收养），及物 adapt a plan 错 主语是原因，用 result in；主语是结果，用 result from result in + 结果；result from + 原因 The accident resulted in the heavy rain 因果倒置 provide 后的第一个宾语是人 provide sb with sth provide the students for books 错 空在 has / have 之后，主语为 number / population 用过去分词 risen / recovered，不用 raised The number has raised 错 十一、课堂小结 三个动作，考场上只要两秒：看主语、看空后、读一遍。 看主语——决定能不能被动；看空后——决定要不要介词；读一遍——决定时态与人称。三步走完，动词块题基本不失分。 十二、课后巩固（30 分钟独立完成） 素材与课堂实战完全独立。先限时完成语法填空与阅读理解，再对照答案与解析订正。 语法填空：Beavers Return to Britain（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beavers once lived along the rivers of Britain, but they were hunted to extinction about 400 years ago. In 2025, after the government’s landmark decision, the government finally allowed beavers 1. ______ (return) to the wild in England. Since then, several families of beavers 2. ______ (set) up home in the rivers of Somerset and Dorset, and the changes have been surprising. The dams 3. ______ the beavers build slow the flow of the river, 4. ______ creates a chain of ponds where frogs, fish and water birds have 5. ______ (quick) returned. Local farmers, 6. ______ once feared that the animals would destroy their fields, now admit that the ponds help hold water during dry summers. Scientists from the University of Exeter have recorded many other species living around the ponds so far. “The beaver is a great 7. ______ (engineer),” one researcher said. “We protect it, and it protects the landscape for us.” The project shows that bringing back a lost species can make 8. ______ real difference to 9. ______ whole ecosystem, and it gives other countries the 10. ______ (confident) to try. 【答案】1. to return　2. have set　3. that/which　4. which　5. quickly　6. who　7. engineer　8. a　9. the　10. confidence 【解析·第 1 题】allow sb to do 接不定式，填 to return。 【解析·第 2 题】Since then 提示现在完成时；set up home 中 set up 为本讲动词块，set 的过去分词仍为 set，主语 several families 为复数，填 have set。 【解析·第 3 题】先行词 the dams 指物，定语从句缺主语，填 that 或 which。 【解析·第 4 题】逗号后为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，填 which。 【解析·第 5 题】修饰动词 returned 用副词，填 quickly。 【解析·第 6 题】先行词 farmers 指人，定语从句缺主语，填 who。 【解析·第 7 题】a great 后接单数可数名词，engineer 在此为熟词僻义“营造者”，填 engineer。 【解析·第 8 题】make a difference 为固定搭配，填 a。 【解析·第 9 题】表“整个生态系统”，填 the。 【解析·第 10 题】the 后接名词，give sb the confidence to do，填 confidence。 阅读理解：Seagrass under the Sea（共 4 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Under the clear water off the coast of Wales lies a meadow that few visitors ever see. Seagrass, a flowering plant that grows in shallow seas, stores carbon thirty-five times faster than rainforest and gives shelter to young fish. Over the past century, the UK has lost up to 92 per cent of its seagrass, damaged by pollution and careless anchoring. Since 2021, a team of volunteers has been replanting seagrass seeds by hand. The work is slow: divers fill small bags with sand and seeds and press them into the seabed, square metre by square metre. The results, however, are encouraging: in the restored areas the water is clearer, and researchers have counted twice as many fish species as before. The team also asks local boat owners to use special moorings that do not drag along the seabed. “We did not lose these meadows in a year, and we will not bring them back in a year,” says one of the project leaders. “But every bag of seeds is a small promise to the sea.” 1. What makes seagrass special according to Paragraph 1? A. It grows faster than any land plant. B. It stores carbon far faster than rainforest. C. It is the oldest plant in the sea. D. It flowers once every hundred years. 2. How do the volunteers replant seagrass? A. By dropping seeds from boats. B. By covering the seabed with sand only. C. By pressing bags of sand and seeds into the seabed. D. By asking divers to remove pollution. 3. What change have the volunteers observed in the restored areas? A. The water has become clearer and fish have returned. B. The meadows now cover the whole coast of Wales. C. Local fishermen have given up fishing completely. D. The seabed has risen much higher than before. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Loss of Welsh Beaches B. Divers in Danger C. Fish Farming in Wales D. Seeds of Hope under the Sea 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D 【解析·第 1 题】首段 “stores carbon thirty-five times faster than rainforest” 直接对应 B；A 偷换概念——原文是储碳速度，不是生长速度；C、D 无文本依据。 【解析·第 2 题】第二段 “divers fill small bags with sand and seeds and press them into the seabed” 直接对应 C；A、B、D 均与文中做法不符。 【解析·第 3 题】第二段 “The water in the restored areas is clearer, and researchers have counted twice as many fish species” 对应 A；B 过度推断，C、D 无文本依据。 【解析·第 4 题】全篇围绕“手工补种海草、恢复海底草场”展开，D 最能概括；A、B、C 均偏离主线或曲解文意。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $