精品解析：专题03 选择性必修二U5～U6（期中复习讲义）高二英语上学期北师大版

专题03 选择性必修二U5~U6 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题为高二期中高频考查内容，包含实义动词、形容词核心词汇、固定短语、特殊句型四大板块。词汇短语主要分布：语法填空提示词变形、完形填空词义辨析、短文改错固定搭配错误;句型主要分布：语法填空非谓语、get + 宾语 + 宾补、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式;书面表达句式升级。 高频易错拉分点： ①‑ed/‑ing 形容词辨析(disappointed/disappointing;abandoned); ②to 为介词还是不定式符号混淆(owe it to sb. to do;abandon oneself to;be available to do); ③insist 虚拟语气区分：坚持要求 (虚拟) / 坚持认为 (陈述语气); ④get/have/leave + 宾语 + 过去分词宾补结构判断; ⑤It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句中时态匹配; ⑥疑问词 + 不定式，注意 whether 可接不定式，if 不能接不定式。 识记：熟记本专题单词词义、变形;熟记全部固定短语搭配;识记 get + 宾语 + 宾补、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式句型框架。 理解： ①区分‑ed 与‑ing 结尾形容词语义差异;分清介词 to 和不定式 to; ②理解 insist 两种语气使用场景; ③读懂 get + 宾语 + 过去分词宾补逻辑; ④辨析 available、acknowledge、consult、witness、spot 易混用法。 应用： ①语法填空中正确填写词形变化;完形识别短语辨析选项;短文改错修正搭配错误; ②写作能够正确使用 get 宾补结构、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式等句型进行句式升级。 识记 掌握 22 组重点单词的词义、词性转换;熟记全部固定短语，完形、语法填空能快速识别搭配。 理解 吃透特殊句型：get＋宾语＋宾补;It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that) 从句;特殊疑问词＋不定式;掌握 insist、urge、owe、acknowledge、witness、spot 句型结构，分清易混语法点。 应用 规避高频陷阱：分清介词 to 与不定式符号 to;分清 insist 两种从句语气;掌握 get + 宾语 + 宾补;匹配 It is/was the + 序数词 + time 句型时态;分清 whether/if 接不定式规则。能够在单句、微写作中正确输出，书面表达熟练运用本专题高级句型提升作文档次。 1　consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的，始终如一的;连续的，持续的;与…… 相符合的 (→consist vi. 由…… 组成;在于) 短语 释义 be consistent with… 与…… 一致 be consistent in… 在…… 方面一致 consist of(＝be made up of/be composed of) 由…… 组成 consist in 在于……;存在于…… [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 1. Their brainwaves also showed more _________ (consist) levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consistent 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们的脑电波也显示出更稳定的活动水平，表明大脑在记忆所学内容时负担较小。空格后为名词levels，需要使用所给动词consist对应的形容词形式作定语，consist的形容词形式consistent意为“一致的、始终如一的”。 2. She has been consistent _________ being a patient educator, always helping students with enthusiasm．(用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】句意：她一直坚持做耐心的教育者，始终以热情帮助学生。be consistent in“在……方面一致”。 3. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarms systems________(consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】consisting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大部分还配备了由热感探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水装置组成的火灾自动报警系统。分析句子结构可知consist在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 automatic fire alarms systems构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填consisting。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 4. 如果你想让别人相信你，你应该言行一致。 If you want others to believe in you, your conduct _____________. 【答案】should be consistent with what you say 【解析】 【详解】分析英汉句子可知，本题要结合your conduct翻译“你应该言行一致”。“你应该言行一致”指你的行为应该与你说的话一致，主语your conduct表示“你的行为”，“应该”的英语是should，其后要接动词原形；“与……一致”对应的英语表达为be consistent with；“你说的话”译为what引导的宾语从句what you say，what在该从句中作say的宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南：consist of 无被动语态，不能写成 be consisted of;consist in 表 “在于” 不要和 consist of 混淆;be consistent with 后接事物，be consistent in 后接行为。 2　sympathy n．同情，同情心;赞同，支持 (→sympathetic adj. 同情的;支持的→sympathetically adv. 同情地;怜悯地) 短语 释义 feel/show/express sympathy for sb. 对某人感到 / 表现出 / 表达同情 have no sympathy for sb. 对某人没有同情心 in sympathy with 支持……;因…… 而出现;相应发生 out of sympathy 出于同情 be sympathetic to/towards… 对…… 赞同 / 支持 / 同情 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 5. The one in the new environment should be________ (sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sympathetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在新环境中的人应该对你的朋友可能感到被抛弃这一事实表示同情。be后接形容词sympathetic作表语。故填sympathetic。 6. The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, ________ (sympathetic) jumped up. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sympathetically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：坐在桌旁的那个女人见我如此失态，便满怀同情地站了起来。空处应用副词，修饰动词jumped，作状语；sympathetically为副词，表示“富有同情心地”，符合句意。故填sympathetically。 7. Out _________ sympathy for fellow men struggling with daily hardships, we should initiate a volunteer program to facilitate their lives, which will surely promote a more caring community. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：出于对与日常困难作斗争的同胞们的同情，我们应该发起一个志愿者项目来方便他们的生活，这必将促进形成一个更有爱心的社区。空处为固定短语out of sympathy for，意为“出于对……的同情”，其中out of表示“出于、因为”。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 8. 那个富人对附近的穷人非常同情，总是送一些东西来帮助他们摆脱困境。 The wealthy man __________________ in his neighborhood and always gives away something to help them out. (人物描写) 【答案】shows great sympathy for the poor people 【解析】 【详解】分析英汉句子可知，本题要翻译“对穷人非常同情”。and连接所填内容和谓语动词gives，所填谓语也要用第三人称单数形式，故“对……非常同情”要译为shows great sympathy for；“穷人”译为the poor people。 ⚠️避坑指南：show sympathy for sb. 介词用 for;be sympathetic to/towards;同义短语 have mercy on /take pity on。 3　insist vi. 坚持认为;坚持主张，坚持要求;坚称 短语 释义 insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事 insist that sb.(should) do sth. 坚决要求某人 (应该) 做某事(虚拟语气) insist that + 陈述语气从句 坚持说，坚持认为(陈述事实) [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 9. The old lady insisted that the homeless boy ________ (steal) her wallet and insisted that he ________ (put) into prison. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 ①. had stolen ②. (should) be put 【解析】 【详解】句意：老妇人坚持说那个无家可归的男孩偷了她的钱包，并坚持要求把他送进监狱。第一空处，insist表示“坚持说，声称”时，后接that从句用陈述语气，根据语境“偷钱包”发生在insisted之前，故用过去完成时had stolen；第二空处，insist表示“坚持要求”时，后接that从句用虚拟语气，即(should)+ 动词原形，且he与put之间为被动关系，因此是(should) be done结构，即(should) be put。 10. Many young people insist on _________ (pursue) careers that can make them respected by society and families. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pursuing 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多年轻人坚持追求能让他们获得社会和家人尊重的职业。固定短语insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”，本空用动名词pursuing作宾语。 [能力提升]—— 一句多译 11. 这位老人坚持要给我提一些建议。(一句多译) → The old man insisted that he (should) _________ me some advice. (insist that...) → The old man insisted on _________ me some advice. (insist on) (情景描写) 【答案】 ①. give ②. giving 【解析】 【详解】第一空：insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，第一空用give。 第二空：固定搭配insist on doing sth.“坚持做某事”，介词on后接动名词giving作宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南：insist 表 “坚持要求” 用 (should) do 虚拟;表 “坚持认为、陈述事实” 用陈述语气(时态随语境变化);insist 后不能直接接 to do，要使用 insist on doing。 4　grasp vt. 理解，领会;抓紧，抓牢;抓住 (机会) n. 紧握;理解 (力);领会 短语 释义 grasp an opportunity/a chance to do sth. 抓住机会做某事 grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某物;抓住机会 have a good grasp of… 对…… 掌握得好 grasp how to do sth. 明白如何做某事 [基础检测]—— 语境猜义 / 单句语法填空 语境猜义 12. As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp chances that are presented to us. _________ 13. It is apparent that she hasn’t grasped what she should do tomorrow. _________ 14. He grasped my hand and shook it warmly. _________ 【答案】12. vt. 抓住 13. vt. 明白 14. vt. 抓紧 【解析】 【12题详解】 句意：众所周知，我们人生的成功取决于我们抓住那些呈现在我们面前的机遇的决心。黑体词grasp作及物动词，结合其后的chances可知，该词含有“抓住”之意。 【13题详解】 句意：很明显，她还不明白自己明天该做什么。黑体词grasped是及物动词grasp的过去分词，结合其后的宾语从句what she should do tomorrow可知，该词含有“明白”之意。 【14题详解】 句意：他紧紧握住我的手，热情地摇了摇。黑体词grasped是及物动词grasp的过去式，结合其后的my hand可知，该词含有“抓紧”之意。 15. Jackson didn’t seem to grasp how _________ (deal) with this problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to deal 【解析】 【详解】句意：杰克逊似乎不知道该如何处理这个问题。how to do为固定结构，在句中作grasp的宾语，空处需填动词不定式to deal。 16. He _________ (grasp) me tightly by the hand and insisted on me having dinner in his home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】grasped 【解析】 【详解】句意：他紧紧抓住我的手，坚持要我在他家吃晚饭。空处与insisted并列作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，grasp用过去式形式grasped，表示“抓住”。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 17. 我建议你加入课后阅读俱乐部，在那里你可以通过小组讨论深入理解经典作品，并分享自己的见解。 I suggest you join the after‑school reading club, where you can _________ through group discussions and share your own insights.(建议信) 【答案】have a good grasp of classic works 【解析】 【详解】can为情态动词，后接动词原形；表示“深入理解”对应短语have a good grasp of；表示“经典作品”对应短语classic works。 ⚠️避坑指南：have a good grasp of 中 grasp 是名词;grasp at 表示 “设法去抓，不一定抓到”;grasp sth. 表示 “抓住、握住”。 5　disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 (→disappoint v. 使失望;使破灭;使落空→disappointment n. [U] 失望;[C] 令人失望的人或事物→disappointing adj. 令人失望的) 短语 释义 be disappointed with sb. 对某人失望 be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事失望 be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望 to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 18. These disasters made everyone sad and __________ (disappoint), but the desire to explore the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望从未熄灭。空前有并列连词and，and前面用形容词sad，故空处也应用形容词，遵循平行结构，结合语意可知，空处应填-ed结尾形容词作宾补修饰everyone，应用disappointed。 19. Much to my _________ (disappoint), the party has been cancelled. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointment 【解析】 【详解】句意：令我大失所望的是，派对被取消了。much to one’s disappointment表示“令某人非常失望的是”，为“to+one’s+情感类名词”的固定结构。 20. Johnson was very disappointed _________ (hear) that he would not be sent to work abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to hear 【解析】 【详解】句意：约翰逊听说自己不会被派往国外工作，感到非常失望。此空考查be disappointed to do sth，为固定用法，意为“对做某事感到失望”，所以用不定式作原因状语。 21. Although being monitored can be painful and _________ (disappoint)，it turns out that this can actually be good for you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointing 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管被监督可能是痛苦且令人失望的，但事实证明这实际上对你有益。and连接并列表语，和形容词painful保持形式一致；此处描述“被监督这件事”带来的感受，用-ing结尾形容词，表示令人失望的。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 22. 因为下雨，我们的野餐被取消了，我们都对此消息感到失望。 We ________________ that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain.(事件描写) 【答案】were all disappointed at the news 【解析】 【详解】表示“对某事感到失望”用固定搭配be disappointed at sth.，根据从句中的was可知，描述过去发生的事情，主句用一般过去时，主语为we，be动词用were。all 放在be动词之后。表示“此消息”用the news作at的宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南：‑ed 修饰人的感受;‑ing 修饰事物;be disappointed with + 人;be disappointed at/by + 事情。 6　behave vi. 表现 vi.& vt. 表现得体;有礼貌 (→behaviour n. 行为，举止;态度;活动方式) 短语 释义 behave oneself 守规矩;表现得体 behave badly/well 表现不好 / 好;举止不得体 / 得体 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 23. You should behave _________ (you) with a sense of responsibility in daily life, no matter what you do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】yourself 【解析】 【详解】句意：在日常生活中，无论做什么，你都应当秉持责任感，举止得体。behave oneself是固定搭配，表示“守规矩，举止得体”，主语为you，在无复数提示时，优先用单数反身代词yourself。 24. I think all of us should mind our ________(behave) in public places. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】behavior 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为我们在公共场所都应该注意自己的行为。此处作宾语，表示“行为”应用名词behavior，且为不可数名词。故填behavior。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 25. 无论身在何处，我们都应举止得体。 We are supposed to ________________ no matter where we are.(建议信) 【答案】behave well 【解析】 【详解】“举止得体”用动词短语behave well，且be supposed to后接动词原形。 ⚠️避坑指南：behave oneself 反身代词不可省略;behaviour 为不可数名词。 7　urge vt. 敦促;强烈要求;极力主张;驱赶 n．强烈的欲望;冲动 (→urgent adj. 紧急的→urgency　n. 急迫;急事) 短语 释义 urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 urge that…(should) do sth. 极力主张 / 强调…… 做某事 It is urged that…(should) do sth. 极力主张 / 强调…… 做某事 have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 26. The _________ (urgent) of the problem has been highlighted recently by politicians. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】urgency 【解析】 【详解】句意：近期，政界人士已强调了该问题的紧迫性。此处需要填入名词作句子主语，所给形容词urgent对应的名词形式是urgency，意为“紧迫性”。 27. I had a strong urge ________ (look) at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to look 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我有一种强烈的冲动，想看看那些在我眼前闪现的随机事物。urge意为“冲动”，其后跟不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式，故填to look。 28. If the information you’re communicating isn’t ________ (urge), consider sending an email. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】urgent 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你正在传达的信息不是紧急的，考虑发送一封电子邮件。isn’t后接形容词作表语，urge的形容词形式是urgent，意为“紧急的，急迫的”。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 29. 我劝你不要放弃深造的计划，因为这会在未来带来更多机会。 I _________________ for further study, as it will bring more opportunities in the future.(建议信) 【答案】urge you not to abandon your plan 【解析】 【详解】urge sb. not to do sth. 意为“劝某人不要做某事”；表示“放弃”为abandon；“你的计划”为your plan。句子描述现在提出建议，用一般现在时。 ⚠️避坑指南：urge 后的 that 从句用虚拟语气 (should) do;have an urge 后接 to do 不定式，不接 doing。 8　abandon vt. 放弃，遗弃;抛弃;陷入，沉湎于 n. 放任;放纵 (→abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的) 短语 释义 abandon (doing) sth. 放弃 (做) 某事 abandon oneself to(＝be abandoned to) 沉湎于…… with abandon 纵情地;恣意地 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 30. As the documentary unfolded, showing the plight of the _________ (abandon) dogs, I saw many of the bikers wiping away tears. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】abandoned 【解析】 【详解】句意：随着纪录片的展开，展示这些被遗弃的狗的悲惨处境时，我看到许多摩托车手擦着泪水。空格处修饰名词dogs，表示“被遗弃的狗”，abandon与dogs之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词abandoned，作定语。 31. They abandoned ________ (carry) out the plan because of lack of money. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】carrying 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：由于缺钱，他们放弃了执行这个计划。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据abandon doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”符合句意，所以此处应使用动名词形式carrying。故填carrying。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 32. 希望全体市民不要沉湎于过度消费，而是倡导简约环保的生活方式。 It is hoped that all citizens will not a______________, but instead advocate a simple and environmentally friendly lifestyle.(倡议书) 【答案】abandon themselves to excessive consumption 【解析】 【详解】表示“沉湎于某事”使用动词短语abandon oneself to sth，“过度消费”译为excessive consumption，will后接动词原形。 ⚠️避坑指南：abandon oneself to 中 to 是介词，后面接名词、动名词;abandon 后接动名词 abandon doing，不接 to do。 9　owe vt. 负债;欠 (钱);有…… 是由于;把…… 归功于 短语 释义 owe sb.sth.(＝owe [sth.to](sth.to) sb.) 欠某人某物;把…… 归功于某人 owe it to [sb.to](sb.to) do sth. 应该为某人做某事 owe it to sb.that… …… 归功于某人 owing to (＝because of) 幸亏，由于，因为 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 33. You owe it to yourselves _____ (stay) longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to stay 【解析】 【详解】句意： 你们理应为自己多留一段时间。owe it to oneself to do sth.是固定结构，表示“理应做某事”，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式，要将stay变成to stay。 34. I am writing to apologize for being unable to attend your birthday party _________ (owe) to a sudden illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】owing 【解析】 【详解】句意：我写信为由于突发疾病没能参加你的生日派对而道歉。此处考查固定短语owing to，表示“由于，因为”，在句中作原因状语。 [能力提升]—— 一句多译 35. 在她的指导下，我在传统艺术方面取得了很大的进步。(一句多译) →_________ her guidance, I made great progress in traditional art. →I _________ her guidance that I made great progress in traditional art. 【答案】 ①. Owing to ②. owe it to 【解析】 【详解】①中英文对比可知，空处需翻译“由于”。空后接名词短语her guidance，且位于句首作状语，需用表原因的介词短语。owing to是固定介词短语，意为“由于、因为”，后接名词作原因状语，放在句首时首字母大写，契合语境。②中英文对比可知，空处需翻译“把……归功于”。需填入形式宾语it，构成owe it to sth that...固定结构，其中that从句为真正宾语。 ⚠️避坑指南：owe it to sb. to do，it 为形式宾语，不能去掉 it 直接写 owe to sb. to do;owing to 是介词短语，不能作谓语。 10　available adj. 可获得的，可用的;有空的 (→availability n．可用性;有效性;可得到的东西) 短语 释义 be available to do sth. 可用来做某事;有空做某事 be available for 可供…… 之用 / 有空做某事 be available in 在…… 获得;在…… 可用 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 36. Experts will be available _________ (help) customers purchase suitable electronic products according to their needs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to help 【解析】 【详解】句意：专家将随时帮助顾客根据自身需求选购合适的电子产品。be available to do sth.是固定结构，表示“ 某人有空做某事”，要填动词不定式to help。 37. I’ll check our room ________ (available) for the next days before I can give you the exact reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】availability 【解析】 【详解】句意：我需要核查未来几天我们房间的可用情况，才能给你准确答复。动词check后需要接名词作宾语，available是形容词，名词形式为availability，表示可用性、空余情况。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 38. 我父亲太忙了，以至于周末都没时间去看电影。 My father is so busy that ____________ even for the cinema on the weekend.(人物描写) 【答案】he is not available 【解析】 【详解】中英文对比可知，空处需翻译“他没有空闲时间”。英语中表示“没空/没时间做某事”可用be not available for sth.，其中available意为“有空的”。主句为一般现在时is，从句也应用一般现在时；主语he为第三人称单数，系动词用is。 ⚠️避坑指南：available 修饰名词一般后置;be available to do 中 to 是不定式符号。 11　acknowledge vt. 认可;承认;确认;答谢;告知 (→acknowledgement n．承认;感谢;收件复函) 短语 释义 acknowledge sb./[sth.to](sth.to) be/as… 认为某人 / 物是……;承认某人 / 物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that… …… 是大家公认的 in acknowledgement of 为感谢…… [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 39. She is acknowledged _________ the best in the world.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】句意：她被公认为世界上最优秀的人。固定搭配be acknowledged as意为“被公认为……”。 40. I will invite you to visit a splendid theme park in our city in _______ (acknowledge) of your valuable help to me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】acknowledgement 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了感谢你给予我的宝贵帮助，我将邀请你来参观我们城市里一座宏伟的主题公园。in acknowledgement of是固定短语，表示“为了感谢”，要将动词acknowledge变成名词acknowledgement。 41. At last, the candidate acknowledged ________ (have) a ghost writer write the academic essay for him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】having##having had 【解析】 【详解】句意：最终，这位候选人承认曾请代笔人为他撰写了这篇学术论文。动词acknowledge为及物动词，其后接动词作宾语时，需使用动名词形式，构成固定结构acknowledge doing sth.，表示“承认做某事”。have的动名词为having，表示“承认雇人代写”这一事实，动作与主句谓语acknowledged同时发生，符合一般语境；若表示“承认已经雇人代写过”，强调动作发生在“承认”之前，强调动作的先后顺序，用完成时，基本结构为：have + 过去分词，have的过去分词为had，需用having had。 [能力提升]—— 句式升级 42. As is acknowledged, we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world. →__________ we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world. (用it作形式主语改写) 【答案】It is acknowledged that 【解析】 【详解】句意：众所周知，除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们永远无法期待拥有更蔚蓝的天空。用it作形式主语，需使用固定句型It is acknowledged that...，that从句是真正的主语。 ⚠️避坑指南：acknowledge 后面接动名词 doing/having done，不接 to do;It is acknowledged that 中 that 不能省略。 12　consult vt.& vi. 咨询，请教;(与某人) 商议，商量 vt. 查阅，查询 (→consultant n．顾问→consultation n. 咨询，磋商;查阅) 短语 释义 consult with sb. 与某人协商 consult sb.about/on sth. 就某事与某人协商;就某事向某人咨询 consult a dictionary 查字典 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 43. The election _________ (consult) provided diverse strategies to help candidates connect with voters from different backgrounds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consultant 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位选举顾问提供了多样化的策略，帮助候选人和不同背景的选民建立联系。本空在句中作主语，需要填入表示人的名词，consult对应的指人名词为consultant，含义为“顾问”，符合语境。 44. I made up my mind to major in English in the future after ______ (consult) with my parents and teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consultation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在与父母和老师商量后，我决定将来主修英语。空格处用名词作宾语，此处表示“商量”，名词是consultation，是不可数名词，故填consultation。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 45. 如果你在学习上有什么困难，你可以向你的老师求助，或者查阅字典。 If you have any difficulties in your study, you can turn to your teachers for help or ________. (建议信) 【答案】consult a dictionary 【解析】 【详解】表示“查阅字典”可用短语consult a dictionary，在句中与turn to your teachers for help并列，作谓语，情态动词can后接动词原形。 ⚠️避坑指南：consult sb. 是 “向某人请教”;consult with sb. 是 “和某人商量”;consult a dictionary，不能说 consult the dictionary for a word。 13　expectation n．期待，预期，预料;希望;指望 (→expect v．预期;盼望;料想→expectant adj. 期待的，期望的→unexpected adj. 出乎意料的) 短语 释义 out of/beyond (one’s) expectation(s) 出乎 (某人的) 意料 live up to/meet (one’s) expectations 不负 (某人) 所望 expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待 / 预料 (某人) 做某事 expect too much of sb. 对某人期望过高 be expected to do 被期望做;被要求做 / 预计做 as expected 正如所料 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 46. He found that _________ (expect) parents were happier in the build‑up to their child’s birth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】expectant 【解析】 【详解】句意：他发现准父母在孩子出生前的这段时间心情更愉悦。空格后是名词parents，需要使用形容词作定语；expectant为形容词，expectant parents表示“准父母”。 47. That he finally won in the interactive competition was really beyond _________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】expectation 【解析】 【详解】句意：他最终在互动比赛中获胜，这真是出乎意料。beyond expectation是固定短语，意为“出乎意料”，要将动词expect变成名词expectation。 48. I had intended to go camping with my friends last Saturday, but I had an _____ (expected) visitor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unexpected 【解析】 【详解】句意：上周六我本打算和朋友们去露营，却来了一位不速之客。所填词作定语修饰名词visitor，要填形容词；结合“I had intended to go camping with my friends last Saturday, but”可知，要将expected变成反义词unexpected，意为“意料之外的”。 49. Initially the sugar tax was expected _________ (make) ￡520m a year for the Treasury. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to make 【解析】 【详解】句意：最初，糖税预计每年为财政部带来5.2亿英镑的收入。本句考查固定结构be expected to do sth.，意为“被期望做某事”，其中不定式to make作主语补足语。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 50. 让我很苦恼的是我父母对我期望太高。 What annoys me greatly is that my parents_________．(心理描写) 【答案】are expecting too much of me 【解析】 【详解】expect too much of sb. 为固定短语，意为“对某人期望过高”；主句时态为一般现在时，此处用现在进行时are expecting，带有持续的情感色彩。 ⚠️避坑指南：beyond expectation 可单复数;live up to one’s expectations，注意复数。 14　witness n．目击者，见证人;(法庭上) 证人 vt. 当场看到，亲身经历;目击 vi. 作证，证明 短语 释义 be (a) witness to sth. 目击;证明…… 真实 bear witness to 为…… 作证 witness sth. 目击 (睹) 某事 witness to (doing) sth. 为 (做) 某事作证 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 51. The children have learned an important lesson _________ (witness) their mother earn her degree. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】witnessing 【解析】 【详解】句意：孩子们目睹母亲获得学位，学到了重要的一课。句中已有谓语动词have learned，设空处应用非谓语动词。主语The children与动词witness之间为主动关系，且动作与谓语同时发生，应用现在分词witnessing作伴随状语。 52. The worker witnessed to_________(see) the accused near the scene of the crime. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】having seen 【解析】 【详解】句意：该工人作证称，自己曾看到被告在犯罪现场附近。witness to是固定短语，其中to为介词，后面需要接动名词作宾语；结合语境，工人“看到被告在犯罪现场附近”是已经发生的动作，因此要用动名词的完成式having seen，体现动作先于“作证”这一动作发生。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 53. 在过去的三十年中，中国生活的各个领域都发生了巨大的变化。 The last three decades _________ in every field of life in China.(无灵主语句) 【答案】have witnessed great changes 【解析】 【详解】本句为无灵主语结构，主语The last three decades是时间名词作主语，表示见证可用动词witness，The last three decades搭配现在完成时；表示“巨大的变化”为great changes。 ⚠️避坑指南：无灵主语：时间 / 地点作主语 + witness，表示 “见证、经历”;witness to doing，to 是介词，接动名词。 15　spot vt. 看见;注意到;发现 n．地点;处所;斑点;污迹 短语 释义 spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with 散布;点缀 on the spot/scene 当场;在现场 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 54. When Jim Grant_________ (spot) black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he stopped his car to call 911. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】spotted 【解析】 【详解】句意：吉姆·格兰特在上班途中发现一栋楼冒出黑烟，于是停车拨打了911。根据主句的stopped可知句子时态为一般过去时，spot的过去式是spotted。 55. I spotted a street artist _________ (paint) a colorful mural, which was attracting a large crowd of onlookers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】painting 【解析】 【详解】句意：我看到一位街头艺术家正在画一幅色彩斑斓的壁画，这幅壁画吸引了一大群围观者。固定结构spot sb. doing sth.表示“发现某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语，本空用现在分词painting。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 56. 当这个人试图闯入银行时，被警察当场抓住了。 When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police_________． 【答案】on the spot 【解析】 【详解】“当场”为on the spot，作状语。 ⚠️避坑指南：spot sb doing sth，看见某人正在做;on the spot 固定短语。 16　attract vt. 吸引，引起…… 的注意 (兴趣) [→attraction n．吸引 (力);有吸引力的事 / 人;向往的地方→attractive adj. 吸引人的;迷人的，有魅力的] 短语 释义 attract sb./[sth.to](sth.to)… 使…… 受…… 吸引 / 诱惑 be attracted to 被…… 吸引;迷恋…… attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 [sth.be](sth.be) attractive to sb. 某物对某人有吸引力 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 57. Many _________ (attract) in the city attract a large number of tourists to participate in cultural activities held there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attractions 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座城市里的许多景点吸引了大批游客来参加在那里举办的文化活动。提示词作主语，用名词形式attraction，意为“景点”，有Many修饰，用复数形式attractions。 58. Flowers are everywhere — hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters — just what you imagine in an ________ (attract) English market town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attractive 【解析】 【详解】句意：到处都是鲜花——吊篮、窗台花箱和花盆——就像你在一个有吸引力的英国集镇上想象的那样。根据空后English market town可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词，attract的形容词为attractive“有吸引力的”。 59. You will be strongly _________ (attract) to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attracted 【解析】 【详解】句意：即便你对戏曲背景一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引。be attracted to为固定搭配，表示：被……吸引，此处用过去分词构成被动结构。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 60. 他们决定在课堂上采用一种新的教学方法来吸引学生的注意力。 They have decided to employ a new teaching method to_________ in class. (教学活动) 【答案】attract students’ attention 【解析】 【详解】表示“吸引某人的注意”应用动词短语attract one’s attention，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形，不定式作后置定语修饰method；表示“学生的”应用students’。 ⚠️避坑指南：attractive 修饰事物;attraction 表名胜古迹为可数名词。 17　combine vt.& vi.(使) 结合，(使) 组合 (→combination n．结合;联合;组合) 短语 释义 combine A with/and B 把 A 与 B 结合 be combined with 与…… 结合 / 联合 in combination with 与…… 联合 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 61. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a __________ (combine) of someone’s values, beliefs, goals and social roles. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】combination 【解析】 【详解】句意：多年来，心理学家一直把身份认同看作是一个人的价值观、信念、人生目标和社会角色的结合体。空处作宾语，需填名词combination，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。 [能力提升]—— 一句多译 62. 技能是没有用的，除非它与音乐知识和理解相结合。(一句多译) →Technique is of no use unless it is ________ musical knowledge and understanding. (combine) →Technique is of no use unless it is _________ musical knowledge and understanding. (combination) 【答案】 ①. combined with ②. in combination with 【解析】 【详解】combine A with B 意为“把A与B结合”，本句主语it指代technique，与combine为被动关系，be combined with 表示“与……相结合”；in combination with 为固定介词短语，意为“与……结合”，前面已有be动词is，此短语作表语。 ⚠️避坑指南：combine A with B;in combination with 是介词短语，不能作谓语。 18　leave out 省略;遗漏;被忽视 短语 释义 leave behind 遗留;把…… 抛在后面;落后 leave aside 搁置一边;不予考虑 leave for 到…… 去;前往 leave…alone 不打扰;不惊动 [基础检测]—— 用 leave 的相关短语填空 63. I’ll go and say goodbye to Mrs Brown. She is _________ New York tomorrow. (用leave的相关短语填空) 【答案】leaving for 【解析】 【详解】句意：我要去跟布朗夫人道别，她明天就要动身前往纽约了。根据前文“I’ll go and say goodbye”的语境和时间状语tomorrow可知，布朗夫人要动身前往纽约，要用现在进行时表将来的位移动词用法。“动身前往某地”是leave的固定短语leave for，此处leave变为现在分词leaving。 64. We’ll _________ the problem of agency until next week. (用 leave 的相关短语填空) 【答案】leave aside 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们将把代理问题搁置到下周。leave aside为固定短语，意为“搁置；不考虑；把……放一边”，位于助动词will后面，使用动词原形。 65. The teacher required us to _________ some unnecessary words in our essays. (用 leave 的相关短语填空) 【答案】leave out 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师要求我们在作文中去掉一些不必要的词语。结合句意“省略”可知使用动词短语leave out，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 66. “不要管我，”她回答说，并敦促他们继续前进。 “_________,” she replied and urged them to march on. (语言描写) 【答案】Leave me alone 【解析】 【详解】“别打扰我，不要管我”为leave me alone；本句为祈使句，动词原形开头。 ⚠️避坑指南：代词放中间 leave it out，不能 leave out it。 19　stand out 突出，引人注目 短语 释义 stand by 袖手旁观 stand for 代表;支持;容忍 stand on one’s own feet 自立;不依靠他人 stand up for 支持;维护 (权利) [基础检测]—— 用 stand 的相关短语填空 / 单句语法填空 67. In China, the color of red _________ good luck and energy. (用 stand 的相关短语填空) 【答案】stands for 【解析】 【详解】句意：在中国，红色象征着好运和活力。结合句意表示“代表”使用stand for，句子描述一般性事实，使用一般现在时，主语the color of red表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式。 68. How can you _________ and see him trapped in the mud pit? (用 stand 的相关短语填空) 【答案】stand by 【解析】 【详解】句意：你怎么能袖手旁观，看着他被困在泥坑里呢？根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处应填stand by，表示“袖手旁观、无动于衷”，为动词短语，常与and see/watch连用，构成stand by and see/watch...，意为“站在一旁看着……而不管”，且情态动词后应填动词原形。 69. The desire to ________ consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. (用stand的相关短语填空) 【答案】stand out 【解析】 【详解】句意：想要脱颖而出的欲望吞噬了我，驱使我做出了一个令人后悔的决定。根据后文“pushing me towards a regrettable decision”可知，此处表达“想要脱颖而出”的愿望；动词短语stand out表示“脱颖而出，突出”；不定式符号to之后需要使用动词原形。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 70. 她决定为那个害羞的男孩辩护，不忽略他的想法。 She decided to _________ the shy boy and not leave out his opinions. (心理描写) 【答案】stand up for 【解析】 【详解】分析英汉句子可知，本题要翻译“为……辩护”。decided to要接动词原形作宾语，stand up for是固定短语，符合题意。 ⚠️避坑指南：stand for 没有进行时;stand by 两层含义：“支持” 或 “袖手旁观” 看语境。 20　句型一：get＋宾语＋宾补 句型 释义 get + 宾语 + 过去分词 使某事被做;遭遇某事(宾语和宾补被动关系) [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 71. The old man had his foot _________ (bite) by a snake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bitten 【解析】 【详解】句意：老人的脚被蛇咬了。bite和宾语his foot之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作宾补。 72. To her excitement, she saw the surroundings _________ (improve) a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】improved 【解析】 【详解】句意：令她兴奋的是，她看到周围环境改善了很多。提示词improve(改善)作宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the surroundings构成被动关系，用过去分词表被动。 73. Don’t leave the facilities _________ (expose) to strong sunshine for long, which will damage them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exposed 【解析】 【详解】句意：不要让设备长时间暴露在强光下，强光会损坏它们。leave sth. done为结构，表示让某物处于被……的状态；facilities和expose之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 74. 那个淘气的男孩把手卡在花瓶里，拔不出来了。 The naughty boy _________ and was unable to pull it out.(动作描写) 【答案】got his hand stuck in the vase 【解析】 【详解】中英文对比可知，空处需翻译“把手卡在花瓶里”。后文的was为一般过去时，主句时态需保持一致。get sth. stuck in...是描述身体部位被卡住的地道动作描写结构，get的过去式为got，“他的手”译为his hand，“在花瓶里”译为in the vase。 ⚠️避坑指南：get/have/leave + 宾语 + done，宾语与过去分词被动;区分 get sb to do(主动，让某人做)。 21　句型二：It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that) 从句 “这 / 那是某人第…… 次做某事” 句型 释义 It is the + 序数词 + time that 从句 从句用现在完成时 It was the + 序数词 + time that 从句 从句用过去完成时 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 75. This is the fourth time that she _________ (call) you this week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has called 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是她本周第四次给你打电话。“This is the + 序数词 + time that...”为固定句型，从句需要使用现在完成时，主语she为第三人称单数。 76. It was the second time that she _________ (visit) that city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had visited 【解析】 【详解】句意：那是她第二次参观那座城市。此处为“It was the + 序数词 + time + that + 主语 + 谓语”句型，that从句中谓语动词应用过去完成时，用来表示截止到过去某一时间点前已经完成的动作。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 77. 这是我第一次有勇气批准这样一个具有挑战性的提案。 It is the first time that I _________ brave enough to approve such a challenging proposal.(情感描写) 【答案】have been 【解析】 【详解】固定句型It is the first time that + 主语 + have/has done表示“这是第一次……”，从句需用现在完成时，主语I为第一人称，助动词用have，brave为形容词，需与be动词连用构成系表结构，be的过去分词为been，即have been。 ⚠️避坑指南：is 搭配 have/has done;was 搭配 had done;可替换 This/That 代替 It。 22　句型三：特殊疑问词＋不定式 句型 释义 wh‑词 (what/how/when/where/whether)+to do 作主语、宾语、表语;只用主动式;if 不能接不定式 [基础检测]—— 句式升级 78. He doesn’t know what he will talk about. (句型转换) →He doesn’t know _________________. 【答案】what to talk about 【解析】 【详解】考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”。句意：他不知道他会说什么。原句中what引导的宾语从句可以转换成“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，即what to talk about，故填what to talk about。 79. The teacher taught the students how they should do the experiment. →The teacher taught the students ______________________________.(作宾语) 【答案】how to do the experiment 【解析】 【详解】考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语。句意：老师教学生们他们应该如何做实验。宾语从句“how they should do the experiment”可转化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语，因此表达“如何做实验”用how to do the experiment。故填how to do the experiment 80. I really have no idea whether I will accept the sponsor’s invitation or not. (句型转换) →I really have no idea _________. 【答案】whether to accept the sponsor’s invitation or not 【解析】 【详解】句意：我真的不知道是否该接受赞助商的邀请。原句中whether引导同位语从句，可转换为“whether+动词不定式”，表达“是否要做某事”，if不能接不定式，此空填whether to accept the sponsor’s invitation or not。 [能力提升]—— 微写作 81. 不知道如何摆脱这个大南瓜，我几乎要被逼疯了。 Not knowing _________, I was almost driven mad. 【答案】how to get rid of the huge pumpkin 【解析】 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“如何摆脱这个大南瓜”。“如何做某事”用“how to do sth.”结构；“摆脱”译为固定短语get rid of；“这个大南瓜”译为the huge pumpkin。 ⚠️避坑指南：只有 whether 可以接不定式，if 不可以;不定式只用主动语态。 基础固本练(限时：12分钟) 一、单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的关系词、介词、动词形式等，每空一词。 82. What he does is not consistent ________ what he says, which makes his friends confused. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with 【解析】 【详解】句意：他言行不一，这让他的朋友们感到困惑。be not consistent with是固定短语，意为“与……不一致”，介词with符合题干要求。 83. The system consisting ________ several parts is designed to protect personal safety. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个由几个部分组成的系统是为保护人身安全而设计的。consist of为固定短语，意为“由……组成”，无被动语态。 84. Out ________ sympathy for the homeless, she offered them food and blankets. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：出于对无家可归者的同情，她给他们提供了食物和毯子。out of sympathy意为“出于同情”。 85. He insisted that he ________ (do) nothing wrong and insisted that he ________ (set) free at once. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 ①. had done ②. should be set##be set 【解析】 【详解】句意：他坚持认为自己没有做错任何事，并坚决要求立即被释放。insist表示“坚持认为、陈述事实”，从句用陈述语气，do表示的动作发生在insisted之前，应用过去完成时；insist表示“坚决要求”，从句使用虚拟语气(should) do，此处表被动，用(should) be done。 86. Many graduates insist on ________ (apply) for jobs related to public service. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】applying 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多毕业生坚持申请与公共服务相关的工作。insist on doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”，on为介词，后接动名词。 87. Only when you have a good grasp ________ basic skills can you make further progress. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：只有当你扎实掌握了基本技能，才能取得进一步的进步。have a good grasp of为固定短语， 意为“精通，牢牢掌握”。 88. She grasped ______ the opportunity ______ (study) abroad and made great achievements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 ①. at ②. to study 【解析】 【详解】句意： 她抓住了出国留学的机会，并取得了巨大成就。grasp at是固定短语，表示“抓住”，第一空要填介词at；the opportunity to do sth.是固定结构，表示“做某事的机会”，动词不定式作后置定语，第二空要填to study。 89. Much to my ________ (disappoint), I failed to get the position I had been longing for. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointment 【解析】 【详解】句意：令我非常失望的是，我没能得到那个我一直渴望的职位。“much to one’s + 名词”为固定结构，意为“令某人非常……的是”，故空处需用名词形式。disappoint是动词，意为“使失望”，其名词形式为disappointment，意为“失望”，Much to my disappointment意为“令我非常失望的是”，在句中作状语。 90. The audience felt ________ (disappoint) at the boring performance last night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointed 【解析】 【详解】句意：观众们对昨晚那场无聊的演出感到失望。‑ed形式形容词修饰人的感受，be/feel disappointed at意为“对……感到失望”。 91. You should behave ________ (you) on formal occasions to leave a good impression. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】yourself##yourselves 【解析】 【详解】意：在正式场合你/你们应当举止得体，留下好印象。behave oneself 是固定短语，意为“守规矩，举止得体”。主语You可指单数“你”或复数“你们”，对应的反身代词分别为yourself / yourselves。 92. His bad ________ (behave) in public drew other people’s attention. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】behaviour##behavior 【解析】 【详解】句意：他在公共场合的不良行为引起了别人的注意。提示词作主语，用名词形式behaviour或者behavior，意为“行为，举止”，不可数名词。 93. We urge all teenagers ________ (take) exercise regularly to build up their bodies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to take 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们敦促所有青少年定期锻炼来增强体质。urge sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“敦促某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 94. It is urged that every student ________ (participate) in the volunteer activity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】should participate##participate 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们敦促每个学生都要参加志愿者活动。此处为“It is urged that...”句型，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，从句中使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”​的虚拟语气形式，其中should可以省略。 95. She felt an urge ________ (explore) the traditional culture of the ancient town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to explore 【解析】 【详解】句意：她有一种探索古镇传统文化的冲动。设空处修饰名词urge，表示“做某事的冲动”，常用不定式作后置定语，即an urge to do sth.。 96. Seeing the ________ (abandon) village, they felt a sense of sadness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】abandoned 【解析】 【详解】句意：看到这个被遗弃的村庄，他们感到一阵悲伤。提示词作定语修饰名词village，用形容词形式abandoned，意为“被遗弃的”。 97. Don’t abandon ________ (pursue) your dream because of temporary difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pursuing 【解析】 【详解】句意：不要因为暂时的困难就放弃追逐梦想。固定搭配abandon doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，空处需填动名词pursuing作宾语。 98. It is hoped that no one will abandon oneself ____ online games. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们希望没有人会沉溺于网络游戏。abandon oneself to是固定短语，表示“沉溺于”，要填介词to。 99. I owe it to my teachers ________ I have made steady progress in my studies. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】句意：我把学习上取得稳步进步归功于我的老师们。owe it to sb. that…，it为形式宾语，that引导真正的宾语从句，that不可省略。 100. Due________the bad weather,the sports meeting had been put off. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于天气不好，运动会被推迟了。固定短语due to意为“由于”，故填to。 101. You owe it to yourself ________ (make) full use of your spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to make 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该充分利用自己的空闲时间。owe it to oneself to do sth.意为“自己理应做某事”，it作形式宾语。 102. More resources will be available ________ (support) students in need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to support 【解析】 【详解】句意：将提供更多资源，以支持有需要的学生。be available to do sth.意为“可用来做某事”，to为不定式符号。 103. Before booking the hotel, please check for room ________ (available). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】availability 【解析】 【详解】句意：预订酒店前，请核查房间是否有空。介词for后面需要名词作宾语；available是形容词，意为“可获得的，有空的”，名词形式availability，表示“可用性，空余”。 104. It is universally acknowledged ________ hard work leads to success. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们普遍认为，努力工作通向成功。It is universally acknowledged that...是固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，that符合题干结构。 105. He acknowledged ________ (make) a mistake in the final examination. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】having made##making 【解析】 【详解】句意：他承认自己在期末考试中犯了一个错误。acknowledge doing/having done sth.意为“承认做过某事”，后接动名词或动名词的完成式，不接不定式。 106. In acknowledgement ________ your generous help, we will send you a small gift. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：为答谢你慷慨的帮助，我们将送你一份小礼物。in acknowledgement of意为“为感谢……”。 107. After ________ (consult) my parents, I made up my mind to major in medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consulting 【解析】 【详解】句意：在和父母商量之后，我决定主修医学。after为介词，后面接动名词形式作宾语。 108. The famous ________ (consult) gave us plenty of practical suggestions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consultant 【解析】 【详解】句意：那位著名的顾问给了我们许多实用的建议。consultant意为“顾问”，在句中作主语。 109. We consulted with our classmates ________ how to organize the charity activity. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on##about 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们与同学们商讨了如何组织这次慈善活动。此处是固定搭配consult with sb. on/about sth.意为“就某事和某人商量”。 110. The result of the competition was beyond all ________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】expectations 【解析】 【详解】句意：比赛结果出乎所有人的意料。beyond all expectations是固定短语，意为“超出所有预期、完全出乎意料”，要将动词expect变成复数名词expectations。 111. The young man lived up ________ his parents’ expectations and entered a key university. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个年轻人不负父母的期望，考入了一所重点大学。固定短语live up to意为“不辜负，达到(期望、标准等)”。 112. He is expected ________ (give) a speech at the opening ceremony next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to give 【解析】 【详解】句意：预计他将在下周的开幕式上发表演讲。固定搭配be expected to do sth.意为“被期望/预计做某事”，本空用不定式to give作主语补足语。 113. We have witnessed great progress ________ science and technology over the past decades. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：在过去几十年里，我们见证了科学技术的巨大进步。progress of…为固定搭配，表示“……方面的进步”。 114. The witness witnessed to ________ (see) the suspect near the crime scene. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】having seen 【解析】 【详解】句意：证人作证说曾在犯罪现场附近看到过嫌疑人。固定短语witness to doing sth.表示“作证做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语；“看到嫌疑人”发生在“作证”之前，应用动名词的完成式having seen，强调动作发生在谓语动词之前。 115. I spotted a little boy ________ (cry) by the roadside on my way home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】crying 【解析】 【详解】句意：我在回家的路上看见一个小男孩正在路边哭。根据感官动词spot的固定搭配spot sb doing sth表示“看见某人正在做某事”，宾语a little boy与cry是主动关系，且哭的动作当时正在发生，此处要用cry的现在分词形式crying作宾补。 116. When the fire broke out, several passers‑by spotted ________ (smoke) coming from the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】smoke 【解析】 【详解】句意：火灾发生时，几名路人发现有烟从房子里冒出来。此处为名词作宾语，smoke为名词，意为“烟”。 117. The scenic spot attracts thousands of ________ (tour) from home and abroad every year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tourists 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个景点每年都吸引着来自国内外的数千名游客。所给词tour是表示“旅游”的名词，此处需要填入表示“游客”的名词形式tourist，同时thousands of后要接可数名词复数。 118. Young people are strongly attracted ________ traditional folk art nowadays. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今，年轻人被传统民间艺术深深吸引。be attracted to是固定短语，表示“被……所吸引”，要填介词to。 119. The old town is very ________ (attract) to tourists for its special customs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attractive 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座古镇因其独特的风俗对游客很有吸引力。be attractive to sb.是固定搭配，意为“对某人有吸引力”；空格在be动词后作表语，要用形容词，attract是动词，形容词形式为attractive。 120. We should combine theory ________ practice in our daily study. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with##and 【解析】 【详解】句意：在日常学习中，我们应当把理论和实践相结合。combine A with/and B为固定搭配，意为“把A与B相结合”。 121. In combination ________ teamwork, individual creativity can produce better results. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】with 【解析】 【详解】句意：个人创造力与团队合作相结合，可以产生更好的结果。in combination with是固定短语，意为“与……结合”。 122. When writing your composition, don’t leave ________ important details. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【解析】 【详解】句意：写作文时不要遗漏重要细节。leave out意为“遗漏，省略”。 123. He had to leave ________ Beijing to attend an important business meeting. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】句意：他不得不离开去北京参加一个重要的商务会议。 此处应用固定搭配leave for，意为“出发去，动身前往”。 124. Please leave me ________; I need to calm down and think independently. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】alone 【解析】 【详解】句意：请别打扰我；我需要冷静下来独立思考。固定搭配leave sb. alone意为“不打扰某人，让某人独自待着”，本空用副词alone作补足语。 125. Among all the competitors, her excellent spoken English made her stand ________. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【解析】 【详解】句意：在所有竞争者中，她出色的英语口语使她脱颖而出。stand out是固定短语，意为“突出，引人注目”，用副词out。 126. We should stand up ________ the rights of the weak groups in society. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该为社会中弱势群体的权利挺身而出。stand up for意为“维护，支持”。 127. The colour white stands ________ purity in Chinese traditional culture. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【解析】 【详解】句意：在中国传统文化中，白色代表纯洁。stand for为固定短语，意为“代表，象征”。 128. I got my bike ________ (repair) on my way to school this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】repaired 【解析】 【详解】句意：今天早上我上学的路上修好了我的自行车。get sth. done意为“使某物被做”，宾语my bike与epair是被动关系。 129. It is the first time that I ________ (take) part in such a meaningful community service. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have taken 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参加如此有意义的社区服务活动。It is the first time that…为固定句型，从句使用现在完成时。 130. It was the third time that he ________ (miss) the early bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had missed 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是他第三次错过了早班车。It was the third time that…句型，从句使用过去完成时。 131. She has no idea about ________ to choose between the two job offers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【解析】 【详解】句意：对于这两份工作邀约，她不知道是否要从中做出选择。根据“has no idea about”以及后面的“to choose between the two job offers”可知，此处表达“是否”的含义，用whether，whether to do为固定结构，表示“是否做某事”。 二、完成句子 根据中文句意，补全英文句子，每空不限词数，保证语法准确、句意通顺。 132. 如果你想赢得别人信任，你的行为应当和你的言语保持一致。 If you want to win others’ trust, your behaviour should _______________. 【答案】be consistent with your words 【解析】 【详解】be consistent with意为“与……保持一致”，“你的言语”译为your words，should后接动词原形。 133. 很多市民对那些流浪动物充满同情，经常捐赠物资帮助它们。 Many citizens _______________ those stray animals and often donate supplies to help them. 【答案】show great sympathy for 【解析】 【详解】设空处表示“对……充满同情”，应用固定短语show great sympathy for...。根据后文并列的谓语donate可知，此处用一般现在时。 134. 他坚持要求我们充分利用每一分钟来提升自我。 He insisted that _______________ make full use of every minute to improve ourselves. 【答案】we##we should 【解析】 【详解】句中insist后的宾语从句构成虚拟语气即insist that sb (should) do sth的结构，表示“坚决要求”，表位“我们”为we，should可省略。 135. 只有掌握好阅读技巧，你才可以更好地理解文章。 Only when you ________________ reading skills can you understand passages better. 【答案】have a good grasp of 【解析】 【详解】have a good grasp of意为“掌握，精通”，when引导的时间状语从句使用一般现在时。 136. 令我们失望的是，我们期待已久的户外活动被取消了。 _______________, the outdoor activity we had expected for long was cancelled. 【答案】Much to our disappointment 【解析】 【详解】much to one’s disappointment意为“令某人失望的是”，表示“我们”使用代词our。 137. 在公共场合，每个人都应该举止得体，尊重他人。 Everyone should _______________ and respect others in public places. 【答案】behave well / behave yourselves 【解析】 【详解】behave well/behave oneself意为“举止得体”，should后接动词原形。 138. 专家极力主张青少年远离网络游戏。 Experts urge that teenagers _______________ online games. 【答案】(should) stay away from 【解析】 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，设空处表达的含义为“远离”。英语中urge表示“极力主张”时，其后的that从句要用虚拟语气，即“(should) + 动词原形”。stay away from为固定短语，意为“远离”。 139. 不要沉湎于短暂的快乐，要为长远未来做打算。 Don’t _______________ short‑term pleasure and plan for the long‑term future. 【答案】abandon yourself to 【解析】 【详解】表示“沉湎于”用abandon oneself to，本句为祈使句的否定形式，don’t后接动词原形；逻辑主语为you，本空用反身代词yourself。 140. 多亏老师的指导，我克服了学习中的很多困难。 _______________ my teacher’s guidance, I have overcome many difficulties in study. 【答案】Owing to 【解析】 【详解】owing to意为“多亏，由于”，在句中作原因状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。 141. 如果您周末有空，欢迎参加我们的读书分享会。 If you _______________ on weekends, you are welcome to join our book‑sharing meeting. 【答案】are available 【解析】 【详解】表示“有空”可用be available，if条件从句用一般现在时表将来，从句主语为you，be动词用are。 142. 人们公认坚持是成功的关键因素。 _______________ persistence is a key factor to success. 【答案】It is universally acknowledged that 【解析】 【详解】“人们公认……”用固定句型It is universally acknowledged that...，it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。 143. 遇到困惑的时候，你可以向老师请教，也可以查阅词典。 When confused, you can _______________ or consult a dictionary. 【答案】consult your teachers 【解析】 【详解】consult sb.意为“向某人请教”；“你的老师”为your teachers，can后接动词原形。 144. 这个年轻人没有辜负父母的期望，取得了令人满意的成绩。 The young man _______________ and achieved satisfying results. 【答案】lived up to his parents’ expectations 【解析】 【详解】live up to one’s expectations意为“不辜负某人的期望”，与achieved时态保持一致，用一般过去时。 145. 过去十年见证了乡村地区的巨大发展。 The past ten years _______________ in rural areas. 【答案】have witnessed great development 【解析】 【详解】The past ten years作主语，用现在完成时，侧重强调这十年中的每一年或具体变化，谓语可用复数；“见证”可用动词witness，此处谓语为have witnessed；“巨大发展”短语为great development。 146. 警察发现那个小偷正在偷路边自行车。 The police _______________ bikes by the roadside. 【答案】spotted the thief stealing 【解析】 【详解】表示“发现某人正在做某事”应用spot sb. doing sth.；陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“那个小偷”应用the thief；表示“正在偷”应用现在分词stealing，作宾语补足语。 147. 这座古城独特的风俗吸引了许多来自世界各地的游客。 The unique customs of this ancient city _______________ from all over the world. 【答案】attract lots of tourists 【解析】 【详解】本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The unique customs of this ancient city表示复数概念，谓语用动词原形；“吸引”的英语是attract，“许多游客”可译为lots of tourists。 148. 我们应当把书本知识和社会实践结合起来。 We are supposed to _______________ social practice. 【答案】combine book knowledge with 【解析】 【详解】中英文对比可知，设空处表达的含义为“把书本知识和……结合起来”。“把A和B结合起来”是固定搭配combine A with B，“书本知识”译为book knowledge，be supposed to后接动词原形。 149. 写报告的时候千万不要遗漏关键证据。 When writing the report, make sure you do not _______________. 【答案】leave out key evidence 【解析】 【详解】“遗漏”用动词短语leave out，作谓语，在助动词do not后接动词原形；宾语“关键证据”用key evidence。 150. 在众多参赛者当中，她的创新想法十分突出。 Among many competitors, her creative ideas _______________. 【答案】stand out 【解析】 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，设空处表达的含义为“突出/引人注目”。英语中表示“突出”用动词短语stand out。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语her creative ideas为复数，动词stand用原形。 151. 昨天我找人把我的电脑修好了。 I _______________ yesterday. 【答案】got my computer repaired 【解析】 【详解】分析英汉句子可知，本题要翻译“找人把我的电脑修好了”。yesterday作时间状语，谓语动词要用过去式；get sth.+过去分词是固定结构，表示“找别人做某事”，get的过去式为got，“我的电脑”译为my computer，“修好”对应的过去分词为repaired。 152. 这是我第二次参观这座历史博物馆。 _______________ this historical museum. 【答案】It is the second time that I have visited 【解析】 【详解】表示“第二次做某事”句型为It is the second time+that从句，从句使用现在完成时，从句主语为I，助动词用have；表示“参观”动词为visit。 153. 他不知道该选哪一门选修课。 He had no idea _______________. 【答案】which optional course to choose 【解析】 【详解】have no idea后面可接疑问词+不定式作同位语；哪一门选修课表示为which optional course，选择用不定式to choose。 154. 我们应当维护弱势群体的合法权益。 We ought to _______________ of disadvantaged groups. 【答案】stand up for the legal rights 【解析】 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，“维护”用固定短语stand up for，ought to后接动词原形，“合法权益”表示为the legal rights，作介词for的宾语。 155. 因为资金短缺，他们放弃实施这个新项目。 They _______________ the new project for lack of money. 【答案】abandoned carrying out 【解析】 【详解】根据句意，此处表示“放弃实施”，“放弃”为动词abandon，句子描述过去发生的动作，谓语用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为abandoned，表示“实施”为动词短语carry out，abandon doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，所以使用carry的动名词形式。 156. 我把我的进步归功于同学们的鼓励。 I _______________ my classmates’ encouragement. 【答案】owe my progress to 【解析】 【详解】owe sth. to sb.意为“把某事归功于某人”，“我的进步”译为my progress，句子描述一般性事实，使用一般现在时。 综合进阶练(限时：15分钟) 语法填空 A (25-26高二上·山东威海·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The spending power of young people ____157____ (vary) from person to person. Each, however, is ____158____ (face) with the same question: what to do with their money? Some teens may spend their money on online activities ____159____ others can make good use of money. For instance, with her grandmother’s help, eight-year-old Thompson started making “Kare Bags” containing ____160____ (necessity) for the homeless, which made their lives ____161____ (easy). It’s important for younger generations to know an appropriate way to spend money. Thanks to Jerry, he put forward a method to teach teenagers ____162____ to spend money wisely. When Jerry’s grandchildren turned 13, his present to each of them was three jars for Spending, Saving, and Giving — he has since added a fourth jar for investing. It was from then on ____163____ his grandchildren started to be in control of the money they received. The present is more than a few jars — he is giving them the opportunity ____164____ (learn) lifelong values. The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think ____165____ (objective) about money and what it can do. In a word, this method will make a ____166____ (different) to teenagers’ future. 【答案】157. varies 158. faced 159. while 160. necessities 161. easier 162. how 163. that 164. to learn 165. objectively 166. difference 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述不同年轻人消费能力各异，有人挥霍，有人善用，杰瑞用分罐法引导青少年理性明智对待金钱。 【157题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：年轻人的消费能力因人而异。设空处是句子谓语，描述事实使用一般现在时，主语The spending power of young people表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式。 【158题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：然而，每个人都面临着同样的问题：用他们自己的钱做什么？be faced with“面对着”，此处使用过去分词，构成一般现在时的被动语态。 【159题详解】 考查连词。句意：一些青少年可能会把他们的钱花在网络活动上，然而其他青少年可能会充分利用（自己的）钱。此处表示前后两种人的对比，使用连词while“然而”表对比。 【160题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：例如，八岁的汤普森在祖母的帮助下开始制作Kare Bags，里面装有为无家可归者准备的必需品，让他们的生活变得更加轻松。空处应填名词作containing的宾语，结合句意“为无家可归者准备的必需品”应不止一种，用复数形式。 【161题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。结合句意可知，此处暗含着与过去的比较，使用形容词比较级。 【162题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：多亏了杰瑞，他提出了一个教青少年如何明智地花钱的方法。此处是“疑问词+不定式”结构，作宾语，表示“如何花钱”使用疑问词how。 【163题详解】 考查强调句。句意：就是从那时开始，他的孙子孙女们开始掌控他们收到的钱。此处是强调句“It is+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分是状语from then on，故用that。 【164题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这份礼物不仅仅是几个罐子——他在给予他们学习终身价值观的机会。此处应用动词不定式作定语，the opportunity to do sth.表示“做某事的机会”。 【165题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些罐子更大的目标是要鼓励青少年们客观地看待金钱以及它能做什么。修饰动词短语think about应用副词形式。 【166题详解】 考查名词。句意：总之，这个方法会对青少年的未来有影响。此处是固定短语make a difference“起作用，有影响”。 B (25-26高二下·陕西榆林·期末) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forty years after China launched the “Wild Horse Return Program”, the Przewalski’s horse — the world’s only surviving wild horse species — ____167____ (shift) from near extinction to self-sustaining wild herds in Northwest China so far. Its population in China has gone over 900, ____168____ (rough) one-third of the global total. The program, ____169____ (launch) in 1985, aims to restore the species, which died out in the wild in the 1970s from poaching and habitat loss. It has saved this 60-million-year-old “living fossil”, ____170____ (move) it from captive breeding (人工繁殖) to stable wild populations. The project imported horses from abroad ____171____ built domestic breeding bases, making the horse a symbol of ecological restoration. A key rewilding effort was carried out at Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve among the major ____172____ (site) in Gansu province. From 2010 to 2025, 56 trained horses were released into the reserve, ____173____ the natural environment provided enough food and water. Last year, 28 horses were relocated (迁移) 1,030 kilometers via a pioneering “loose transport” method ____174____ zero deaths. Now, over 300 horses have been bred and released into the wild. The species can now sustain ____175____ (it) in the reserve, forming 28 herds with a total of more than 200 horses. Zhao Xumao, a professor at Lanzhou University’s College of Ecology, said, “The successful breeding and reintroduction highlight the country’s resolve _____176_____ ( protect) biodiversity and promote harmony between humans and nature.” 【答案】167. has shifted 168. roughly 169. launched 170. moving 171. and 172. sites 173. where 174. with 175. itself 176. to protect 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要报道了我国自 1985年实施野马返乡计划，通过引种繁育、野外放归等举措拯救濒危普氏野马。 【167题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国启动“野马回归计划”四十年后，普氏野马——世界上唯一幸存的野生马种——如今已从濒临灭绝转变为在中国西北部实现自我维持的野生群体。根据时间标志词 so far可知，用现在完成时；主语the Przewalski’s horse单数，所以用has shifted。 【168题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，其在中国的数量已超过900匹，约占全球总数的三分之一。括号内 rough是形容词，此处修饰one-third of the global total，要用副词roughly，意为“大约”。 【169题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划于1985年启动，旨在恢复这一在20世纪70年代因盗猎和栖息地丧失而野外灭绝的物种。逗号后面已有谓语aims，此处是非谓语。program和launch（启动）是被动关系，过去分词launched作后置定语，相当于定语从句which was launched in 1985。 【170题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目成功挽救了这一拥有6000万年历史的“活化石”，使其从圈养繁殖转向稳定的野生种群。此处为非谓语动词作状语，move和逻辑主语前面整句话为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。 【171题详解】 考查连词。句意：通过引进国外马匹并建设国内繁育基地，该项目使野马成为生态修复的象征。imported和built 是并列谓语：项目从国外引进野马并且建立国内繁育基地，并列连词and。 【172题详解】 考查复数名词。句意：甘肃主要自然保护区之一的敦煌西湖国家自然保护区实施了一项关键的野化放归工作。among + 复数名词，表示“在众多……之中”，site（地点，保护区）变复数sites。 【173题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2010年至2025年间，共有56匹经过训练的马被释放到保护区，当地自然环境为它们提供了充足的食物和水源。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the reserve；从句中不缺主语或宾语，缺少地点状语，用关系副词 where。 【174题详解】 考查介词。句意：去年，28匹马通过开创性的“松散运输”方式，历时1030公里完成迁徙，全程无死亡。此处用介词with表示“具有、伴有”，with zero deaths零死亡。 【175题详解】 考查代词。句意：该物种现已能在保护区自我维持，形成了28个马群，共计超过200匹马。分析句子可知，主语the species，sustain itself 表示“物种自我维系、自给存续”，此处指代the species，用it的反身代词itself。 【176题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：兰州大学生态学院教授赵序茂表示：“成功的繁殖和放归体现了国家保护生物多样性和促进人与自然和谐发展的坚定决心。”固定搭配the resolve to do sth.表示“做某事的决心”；不定式to protect作后置定语修饰resolve。 C (26-27高一上·河北衡水·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling is a wonderful activity. It can open our eyes and make our life ____177____ (color). Last summer vacation, I went to the seaside with my parents. We stayed there for a week. The sea was blue and the beach was beautiful. We swam in the sea and walked along the beach. I took a lot of photos that kept the beautiful moments. I tasted delicious seafood there. The local people were very friendly. They told me many stories about the sea. I learned a lot about the sea animals ____178____ live in the deep sea. I had a great time there. When I got back home, I wrote a travel journal. It ____179____ (share) with my classmates. They were all interested in my stories. Traveling teaches me that the world is much bigger than the place ____180____ we live. I plan to travel to more places in the future. I believe traveling ____181____ (bring) me more surprises. Every new place ____182____ (have) its own special culture. I want to experience different cultures. The memories ____183____ I got from traveling will stay in my heart forever. I think everyone should go out to travel when they are free. It is a good chance ____184____ (relax) ourselves. I hope I will visit more ____185____ (place) of interest in China. I am sure I will have ____186____ (forget) experiences during my trips. 【答案】177. colorful##colourful 178. that##which 179. was shared 180. where 181. will bring 182. has 183. that##which 184. to relax 185. places 186. unforgettable 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者的海边旅行经历以及对旅行的感悟。 【177题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它能开阔我们的眼界，让我们的生活变得丰富多彩。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的固定结构，空处作宾语补足语，应用形容词colorful/colourful，表示“丰富多彩的”。 【178题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我了解到了很多生活在深海里的海洋动物。空处引导定语从句，先行词sea animals指代事物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 【179题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：它被分享给了我的同学们。主语it指代travel journal，和动词share是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为It，be动词用was。 【180题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：旅行让我明白，世界比我们居住的地方要广阔得多。空处引导定语从句，先行词the place表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。 【181题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我相信旅行将会带给我更多惊喜。此处描述未来将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时will bring。 【182题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每一个新地方都有它自己独特的文化。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语every new place是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。 【183题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我从旅行中收获的回忆会永远留在我的心里。空处引导定语从句，先行词the memories指代事物，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 【184题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个放松我们自己的好机会。此处是固定结构“a good chance to do sth.”，表示“做某事的好机会”，空处用不定式to relax作后置定语修饰chance。 【185题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：我希望能游览中国更多的名胜古迹。places of interest表示“名胜古迹”，前面有more修饰，place用复数形式places。 【186题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我确信我会在旅途中拥有难忘的经历。空处修饰名词experiences，结合语境应用形容词unforgettable作定语，表示“难忘的”。 D (26-27高三上·贵州·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For decades, scientists have known that homing pigeons rely on Earth’s magnetic field _____187_____ (find) their way home. But how they manage it has remained _____188_____ puzzle. A study _____189_____ (publish) in Science in May 2026 may have found the answer — and it is not _____190_____ anyone expected. The “compass”, it turns out, is not in the bird’s beak. It is in the liver. The team, _____191_____ leader was Clivia Lisowski, trained 34 pigeons to fly a 19-kilometre route until they could find their way home _____192_____ (reliable). Then the birds _____193_____ (divide) into two groups. One group received an injection _____194_____ wipes out macrophages — immune cells that break down old red blood cells and store the iron. The other group received a harmless control injection. The next day, with complete cloud cover over the sky, all 34 birds were released and tracked by GPS. Every control bird made it home within 70 minutes. Not one of the treated birds returned. Their tracks showed that they were not flying in circles but covering real distance — in the wrong directions, scattered and unable to orient _____195_____ (they). When the clouds cleared and the sun came out, the same birds homed without any ______196______ (difficult). 【答案】187. to find 188. a 189. published 190. what 191. whose 192. reliably 193. were divided 194. that##which 195. themselves 196. difficulty 【解析】 【导语】介绍一项关于信鸽依靠地磁场导航的新研究。 【187题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几十年来，科学家们一直知道，信鸽依靠地球的磁场来找到回家的路。固定搭配rely on sth. to do sth.（依靠某物做某事）。 【188题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但它们如何做到这一点，至今仍是个谜。puzzle为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个谜”，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。 【189题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2026年5月发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究或许找到了答案——而这个答案却出乎所有人意料。study与publish是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 【190题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：2026年5月发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究或许找到了答案——而这个答案却出乎所有人意料。引导表语从句，且在从句中作expected的宾语，指物，用连接代词what。 【191题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这支由克莉维娅·利索夫斯基领导的团队训练了34只鸽子，使其能够飞行19公里的路线，直到它们能可靠地找到回家的路。引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The team与leader构成所属关系，故用关系代词 whose。 【192题详解】 考查副词。句意：这支由克莉维娅·利索夫斯基领导的团队训练了34只鸽子，使其能够飞行19公里的路线，直到它们能可靠地找到回家的路。修饰动词find，需用副词reliably。 【193题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：然后，鸟儿们被分成了两组。主语the birds与divide是被动关系，且叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时被动语态，谓语用复数。 【194题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一组接受了注射，这种注射会清除巨噬细胞——这些免疫细胞负责分解旧的红血球并储存铁。引导限制性定语从句修饰an injection，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。 【195题详解】 考查代词。句意：它们的轨迹显示，它们并非在空中盘旋飞行，而是实际覆盖了相当长的距离——朝错误的方向飞散着，无法确定自身方向。orient oneself意为“确定方位”，后需接反身代词，主语为they，故用themselves。 【196题详解】 考查名词。句意：当云层散去，太阳升起时，那些鸟儿便毫无困难地返回了原处。短语without any difficulty表示“毫无困难”，difficulty在此作不可数名词。 E (26-27高二上·湖北·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of tuanshan dates back to the Han Dynasty. Round like full moons, the fans stand for ____197____ (reunite) and good fortune, serving both as cooling tools and symbols of taste and social status. Huang Shuofu, ____198____ fourth-generation tuanshan craftsman from Guilin, is committed to protecting this intangible cultural heritage and has won many domestic and international honors. In 2013, he was asked to craft two fans ____199____ were decorated with ethnic Miao embroidery (刺绣) for then-UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon. “We need to follow new trends and combine these with the traditional elements as much as possible while ____200____ (preserve) the original essence to continue sharing this heritage with people at home and abroad,” Huang said. He ____201____ (obtain) more than 30 national patents and exported products to major overseas markets including South Korea, Japan and Singapore up to now. ____202____ (similar), sustainable, green practices are a priority, he added, ____203____ (give) that his creations rely on natural bamboo as a major material. “We minimize our waste and throw away as little material as possible,” Huang said. “We recycle the bamboo strips, cloth, paper and try to come up ____204____ new ways to use them, such as for bookmarks, desk accessories and other smaller-sized, related products.“ ____205____ (advance) sustainable, balanced development, the tuanshan production also engages locals. “We make our tuanshan here by mixing tradition and innovation, protecting our heritage _____206_____ promoting it together,” Huang said. 【答案】197. reunion 198. a 199. which##that 200. preserving 201. has obtained 202. Similarly 203. given 204. with 205. To advance 206. and 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍桂林团扇非遗传承人黄硕夫，讲述他坚守团扇制作技艺，融合传统与创新，践行绿色可持续理念，传承并向外传播团扇这一非物质文化遗产。 【197题详解】 考查名词。句意：团扇形如满月，代表团圆与吉祥，既是纳凉工具，也是品味与社会地位的象征。介词for后面需要接名词作宾语，reunite是动词，名词形式reunion表示团圆。 【198题详解】 考查冠词。句意：黄硕夫是桂林团扇第四代手艺人，致力于保护这项非物质文化遗产，斩获多项国内外荣誉。此处泛指一名第四代团扇匠人，fourth以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【199题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2013 年，他受邀制作两把饰有苗族刺绣的团扇，赠予时任联合国秘书长潘基文。先行词two fans指物，限制性定语从句缺少主语，可用关系代词which或者that引导从句。 【200题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们要紧跟新潮流，尽可能将新趋势与传统元素相结合，同时保留原本精髓，持续向国内外大众传播这项文化遗产。while引导时间状语从句，从句主语和主句主语一致，从句省略主语和be动词，preserve与逻辑主语we为主动关系，使用现在分词preserving。 【201题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：迄今为止，他已经取得30余项国家专利，产品出口至韩国、日本、新加坡等主要海外市场。up to now是现在完成时标志，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语用has obtained。 【202题详解】 考查副词。句意：他补充说，同样，绿色可持续的制作方式是首要考量，因为他的作品主要原料是天然竹子。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词形式，similar的副词为similarly，句首首字母大写。 【203题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：他补充说，同样，绿色可持续的制作方式是首要考量，因为他的作品主要原料是天然竹子。固定搭配given that意为“考虑到；鉴于”，用来引出原因。 【204题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们回收竹篾、布料、纸张，努力想出新的利用方式，用来制作书签、桌面摆件以及其他小型相关产品。固定短语come up with表示想出、提出。 【205题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为推动可持续、均衡发展，团扇生产项目也吸纳当地民众参与。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示制作团扇项目的目标，句首首字母大写。 【206题详解】 考查连词。句意：“我们在这里制作团扇，融合传统与创新，共同保护并推广这项文化遗产。”黄说。protecting our heritage和promoting it是并列的两个动作，用并列连词and连接。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 选择性必修二U5~U6 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题为高二期中高频考查内容，包含实义动词、形容词核心词汇、固定短语、特殊句型四大板块。词汇短语主要分布：语法填空提示词变形、完形填空词义辨析、短文改错固定搭配错误;句型主要分布：语法填空非谓语、get + 宾语 + 宾补、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式;书面表达句式升级。 高频易错拉分点： ①‑ed/‑ing 形容词辨析(disappointed/disappointing;abandoned); ②to 为介词还是不定式符号混淆(owe it to sb. to do;abandon oneself to;be available to do); ③insist 虚拟语气区分：坚持要求 (虚拟) / 坚持认为 (陈述语气); ④get/have/leave + 宾语 + 过去分词宾补结构判断; ⑤It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句中时态匹配; ⑥疑问词 + 不定式，注意 whether 可接不定式，if 不能接不定式。 识记：熟记本专题单词词义、变形;熟记全部固定短语搭配;识记 get + 宾语 + 宾补、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式句型框架。 理解： ①区分‑ed 与‑ing 结尾形容词语义差异;分清介词 to 和不定式 to; ②理解 insist 两种语气使用场景; ③读懂 get + 宾语 + 过去分词宾补逻辑; ④辨析 available、acknowledge、consult、witness、spot 易混用法。 应用： ①语法填空中正确填写词形变化;完形识别短语辨析选项;短文改错修正搭配错误; ②写作能够正确使用 get 宾补结构、It is/was the + 序数词 + time+(that) 从句、疑问词 + 不定式等句型进行句式升级。 识记 掌握 22 组重点单词的词义、词性转换;熟记全部固定短语，完形、语法填空能快速识别搭配。 理解 吃透特殊句型：get＋宾语＋宾补;It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that) 从句;特殊疑问词＋不定式;掌握 insist、urge、owe、acknowledge、witness、spot 句型结构，分清易混语法点。 应用 规避高频陷阱：分清介词 to 与不定式符号 to;分清 insist 两种从句语气;掌握 get + 宾语 + 宾补;匹配 It is/was the + 序数词 + time 句型时态;分清 whether/if 接不定式规则。能够在单句、微写作中正确输出，书面表达熟练运用本专题高级句型提升作文档次。 1　consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的，始终如一的;连续的，持续的;与…… 相符合的 (→consist vi. 由…… 组成;在于) 短语 释义 be consistent with… 与…… 一致 be consistent in… 在…… 方面一致 consist of(＝be made up of/be composed of) 由…… 组成 consist in 在于……;存在于…… [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 1. Their brainwaves also showed more _________ (consist) levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2. She has been consistent _________ being a patient educator, always helping students with enthusiasm．(用适当的词填空) 3. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarms systems________(consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. （所给词的适当形式填空） [能力提升]—— 微写作 4. 如果你想让别人相信你，你应该言行一致。 If you want others to believe in you, your conduct _____________. ⚠️避坑指南：consist of 无被动语态，不能写成 be consisted of;consist in 表 “在于” 不要和 consist of 混淆;be consistent with 后接事物，be consistent in 后接行为。 2　sympathy n．同情，同情心;赞同，支持 (→sympathetic adj. 同情的;支持的→sympathetically adv. 同情地;怜悯地) 短语 释义 feel/show/express sympathy for sb. 对某人感到 / 表现出 / 表达同情 have no sympathy for sb. 对某人没有同情心 in sympathy with 支持……;因…… 而出现;相应发生 out of sympathy 出于同情 be sympathetic to/towards… 对…… 赞同 / 支持 / 同情 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 5. The one in the new environment should be________ (sympathy) to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6. The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, ________ (sympathetic) jumped up. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7. Out _________ sympathy for fellow men struggling with daily hardships, we should initiate a volunteer program to facilitate their lives, which will surely promote a more caring community. (用适当的词填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 8. 那个富人对附近的穷人非常同情，总是送一些东西来帮助他们摆脱困境。 The wealthy man __________________ in his neighborhood and always gives away something to help them out. (人物描写) ⚠️避坑指南：show sympathy for sb. 介词用 for;be sympathetic to/towards;同义短语 have mercy on /take pity on。 3　insist vi. 坚持认为;坚持主张，坚持要求;坚称 短语 释义 insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事 insist that sb.(should) do sth. 坚决要求某人 (应该) 做某事(虚拟语气) insist that + 陈述语气从句 坚持说，坚持认为(陈述事实) [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 9. The old lady insisted that the homeless boy ________ (steal) her wallet and insisted that he ________ (put) into prison. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10. Many young people insist on _________ (pursue) careers that can make them respected by society and families. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 一句多译 11. 这位老人坚持要给我提一些建议。(一句多译) → The old man insisted that he (should) _________ me some advice. (insist that...) → The old man insisted on _________ me some advice. (insist on) (情景描写) ⚠️避坑指南：insist 表 “坚持要求” 用 (should) do 虚拟;表 “坚持认为、陈述事实” 用陈述语气(时态随语境变化);insist 后不能直接接 to do，要使用 insist on doing。 4　grasp vt. 理解，领会;抓紧，抓牢;抓住 (机会) n. 紧握;理解 (力);领会 短语 释义 grasp an opportunity/a chance to do sth. 抓住机会做某事 grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某物;抓住机会 have a good grasp of… 对…… 掌握得好 grasp how to do sth. 明白如何做某事 [基础检测]—— 语境猜义 / 单句语法填空 语境猜义 12. As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp chances that are presented to us. _________ 13. It is apparent that she hasn’t grasped what she should do tomorrow. _________ 14. He grasped my hand and shook it warmly. _________ 15. Jackson didn’t seem to grasp how _________ (deal) with this problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16. He _________ (grasp) me tightly by the hand and insisted on me having dinner in his home. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 17. 我建议你加入课后阅读俱乐部，在那里你可以通过小组讨论深入理解经典作品，并分享自己的见解。 I suggest you join the after‑school reading club, where you can _________ through group discussions and share your own insights.(建议信) ⚠️避坑指南：have a good grasp of 中 grasp 是名词;grasp at 表示 “设法去抓，不一定抓到”;grasp sth. 表示 “抓住、握住”。 5　disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 (→disappoint v. 使失望;使破灭;使落空→disappointment n. [U] 失望;[C] 令人失望的人或事物→disappointing adj. 令人失望的) 短语 释义 be disappointed with sb. 对某人失望 be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事失望 be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望 to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 18. These disasters made everyone sad and __________ (disappoint), but the desire to explore the universe never died. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19. Much to my _________ (disappoint), the party has been cancelled. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20. Johnson was very disappointed _________ (hear) that he would not be sent to work abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空) 21. Although being monitored can be painful and _________ (disappoint)，it turns out that this can actually be good for you. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 22. 因为下雨，我们的野餐被取消了，我们都对此消息感到失望。 We ________________ that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain.(事件描写) ⚠️避坑指南：‑ed 修饰人的感受;‑ing 修饰事物;be disappointed with + 人;be disappointed at/by + 事情。 6　behave vi. 表现 vi.& vt. 表现得体;有礼貌 (→behaviour n. 行为，举止;态度;活动方式) 短语 释义 behave oneself 守规矩;表现得体 behave badly/well 表现不好 / 好;举止不得体 / 得体 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 23. You should behave _________ (you) with a sense of responsibility in daily life, no matter what you do. (所给词的适当形式填空) 24. I think all of us should mind our ________(behave) in public places. （所给词的适当形式填空） [能力提升]—— 微写作 25. 无论身在何处，我们都应举止得体。 We are supposed to ________________ no matter where we are.(建议信) ⚠️避坑指南：behave oneself 反身代词不可省略;behaviour 为不可数名词。 7　urge vt. 敦促;强烈要求;极力主张;驱赶 n．强烈的欲望;冲动 (→urgent adj. 紧急的→urgency　n. 急迫;急事) 短语 释义 urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 urge that…(should) do sth. 极力主张 / 强调…… 做某事 It is urged that…(should) do sth. 极力主张 / 强调…… 做某事 have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 26. The _________ (urgent) of the problem has been highlighted recently by politicians. (所给词的适当形式填空) 27. I had a strong urge ________ (look) at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 28. If the information you’re communicating isn’t ________ (urge), consider sending an email. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 29. 我劝你不要放弃深造的计划，因为这会在未来带来更多机会。 I _________________ for further study, as it will bring more opportunities in the future.(建议信) ⚠️避坑指南：urge 后的 that 从句用虚拟语气 (should) do;have an urge 后接 to do 不定式，不接 doing。 8　abandon vt. 放弃，遗弃;抛弃;陷入，沉湎于 n. 放任;放纵 (→abandoned adj. 被遗弃的;放纵的) 短语 释义 abandon (doing) sth. 放弃 (做) 某事 abandon oneself to(＝be abandoned to) 沉湎于…… with abandon 纵情地;恣意地 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 30. As the documentary unfolded, showing the plight of the _________ (abandon) dogs, I saw many of the bikers wiping away tears. (所给词的适当形式填空) 31. They abandoned ________ (carry) out the plan because of lack of money. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 32. 希望全体市民不要沉湎于过度消费，而是倡导简约环保的生活方式。 It is hoped that all citizens will not a______________, but instead advocate a simple and environmentally friendly lifestyle.(倡议书) ⚠️避坑指南：abandon oneself to 中 to 是介词，后面接名词、动名词;abandon 后接动名词 abandon doing，不接 to do。 9　owe vt. 负债;欠 (钱);有…… 是由于;把…… 归功于 短语 释义 owe sb.sth.(＝owe [sth.to](sth.to) sb.) 欠某人某物;把…… 归功于某人 owe it to [sb.to](sb.to) do sth. 应该为某人做某事 owe it to sb.that… …… 归功于某人 owing to (＝because of) 幸亏，由于，因为 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 33. You owe it to yourselves _____ (stay) longer. (所给词的适当形式填空) 34. I am writing to apologize for being unable to attend your birthday party _________ (owe) to a sudden illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 一句多译 35. 在她的指导下，我在传统艺术方面取得了很大的进步。(一句多译) →_________ her guidance, I made great progress in traditional art. →I _________ her guidance that I made great progress in traditional art. ⚠️避坑指南：owe it to sb. to do，it 为形式宾语，不能去掉 it 直接写 owe to sb. to do;owing to 是介词短语，不能作谓语。 10　available adj. 可获得的，可用的;有空的 (→availability n．可用性;有效性;可得到的东西) 短语 释义 be available to do sth. 可用来做某事;有空做某事 be available for 可供…… 之用 / 有空做某事 be available in 在…… 获得;在…… 可用 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 36. Experts will be available _________ (help) customers purchase suitable electronic products according to their needs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. I’ll check our room ________ (available) for the next days before I can give you the exact reply. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 38. 我父亲太忙了，以至于周末都没时间去看电影。 My father is so busy that ____________ even for the cinema on the weekend.(人物描写) ⚠️避坑指南：available 修饰名词一般后置;be available to do 中 to 是不定式符号。 11　acknowledge vt. 认可;承认;确认;答谢;告知 (→acknowledgement n．承认;感谢;收件复函) 短语 释义 acknowledge sb./[sth.to](sth.to) be/as… 认为某人 / 物是……;承认某人 / 物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that… …… 是大家公认的 in acknowledgement of 为感谢…… [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 39. She is acknowledged _________ the best in the world.(用适当的词填空) 40. I will invite you to visit a splendid theme park in our city in _______ (acknowledge) of your valuable help to me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. At last, the candidate acknowledged ________ (have) a ghost writer write the academic essay for him. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 句式升级 42. As is acknowledged, we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world. →__________ we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world. (用it作形式主语改写) ⚠️避坑指南：acknowledge 后面接动名词 doing/having done，不接 to do;It is acknowledged that 中 that 不能省略。 12　consult vt.& vi. 咨询，请教;(与某人) 商议，商量 vt. 查阅，查询 (→consultant n．顾问→consultation n. 咨询，磋商;查阅) 短语 释义 consult with sb. 与某人协商 consult sb.about/on sth. 就某事与某人协商;就某事向某人咨询 consult a dictionary 查字典 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 43. The election _________ (consult) provided diverse strategies to help candidates connect with voters from different backgrounds. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. I made up my mind to major in English in the future after ______ (consult) with my parents and teachers. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 45. 如果你在学习上有什么困难，你可以向你的老师求助，或者查阅字典。 If you have any difficulties in your study, you can turn to your teachers for help or ________. (建议信) ⚠️避坑指南：consult sb. 是 “向某人请教”;consult with sb. 是 “和某人商量”;consult a dictionary，不能说 consult the dictionary for a word。 13　expectation n．期待，预期，预料;希望;指望 (→expect v．预期;盼望;料想→expectant adj. 期待的，期望的→unexpected adj. 出乎意料的) 短语 释义 out of/beyond (one’s) expectation(s) 出乎 (某人的) 意料 live up to/meet (one’s) expectations 不负 (某人) 所望 expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待 / 预料 (某人) 做某事 expect too much of sb. 对某人期望过高 be expected to do 被期望做;被要求做 / 预计做 as expected 正如所料 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 46. He found that _________ (expect) parents were happier in the build‑up to their child’s birth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. That he finally won in the interactive competition was really beyond _________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. I had intended to go camping with my friends last Saturday, but I had an _____ (expected) visitor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Initially the sugar tax was expected _________ (make) ￡520m a year for the Treasury. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 50. 让我很苦恼的是我父母对我期望太高。 What annoys me greatly is that my parents_________．(心理描写) ⚠️避坑指南：beyond expectation 可单复数;live up to one’s expectations，注意复数。 14　witness n．目击者，见证人;(法庭上) 证人 vt. 当场看到，亲身经历;目击 vi. 作证，证明 短语 释义 be (a) witness to sth. 目击;证明…… 真实 bear witness to 为…… 作证 witness sth. 目击 (睹) 某事 witness to (doing) sth. 为 (做) 某事作证 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 51. The children have learned an important lesson _________ (witness) their mother earn her degree. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. The worker witnessed to_________(see) the accused near the scene of the crime. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 53. 在过去的三十年中，中国生活的各个领域都发生了巨大的变化。 The last three decades _________ in every field of life in China.(无灵主语句) ⚠️避坑指南：无灵主语：时间 / 地点作主语 + witness，表示 “见证、经历”;witness to doing，to 是介词，接动名词。 15　spot vt. 看见;注意到;发现 n．地点;处所;斑点;污迹 短语 释义 spot sb.doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with 散布;点缀 on the spot/scene 当场;在现场 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 54. When Jim Grant_________ (spot) black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he stopped his car to call 911. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. I spotted a street artist _________ (paint) a colorful mural, which was attracting a large crowd of onlookers. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 56. 当这个人试图闯入银行时，被警察当场抓住了。 When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police_________． ⚠️避坑指南：spot sb doing sth，看见某人正在做;on the spot 固定短语。 16　attract vt. 吸引，引起…… 的注意 (兴趣) [→attraction n．吸引 (力);有吸引力的事 / 人;向往的地方→attractive adj. 吸引人的;迷人的，有魅力的] 短语 释义 attract sb./[sth.to](sth.to)… 使…… 受…… 吸引 / 诱惑 be attracted to 被…… 吸引;迷恋…… attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 [sth.be](sth.be) attractive to sb. 某物对某人有吸引力 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 57. Many _________ (attract) in the city attract a large number of tourists to participate in cultural activities held there. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. Flowers are everywhere — hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters — just what you imagine in an ________ (attract) English market town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. You will be strongly _________ (attract) to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 60. 他们决定在课堂上采用一种新的教学方法来吸引学生的注意力。 They have decided to employ a new teaching method to_________ in class. (教学活动) ⚠️避坑指南：attractive 修饰事物;attraction 表名胜古迹为可数名词。 17　combine vt.& vi.(使) 结合，(使) 组合 (→combination n．结合;联合;组合) 短语 释义 combine A with/and B 把 A 与 B 结合 be combined with 与…… 结合 / 联合 in combination with 与…… 联合 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 61. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a __________ (combine) of someone’s values, beliefs, goals and social roles. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 一句多译 62. 技能是没有用的，除非它与音乐知识和理解相结合。(一句多译) →Technique is of no use unless it is ________ musical knowledge and understanding. (combine) →Technique is of no use unless it is _________ musical knowledge and understanding. (combination) ⚠️避坑指南：combine A with B;in combination with 是介词短语，不能作谓语。 18　leave out 省略;遗漏;被忽视 短语 释义 leave behind 遗留;把…… 抛在后面;落后 leave aside 搁置一边;不予考虑 leave for 到…… 去;前往 leave…alone 不打扰;不惊动 [基础检测]—— 用 leave 的相关短语填空 63. I’ll go and say goodbye to Mrs Brown. She is _________ New York tomorrow. (用leave的相关短语填空) 64. We’ll _________ the problem of agency until next week. (用 leave 的相关短语填空) 65. The teacher required us to _________ some unnecessary words in our essays. (用 leave 的相关短语填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 66. “不要管我，”她回答说，并敦促他们继续前进。 “_________,” she replied and urged them to march on. (语言描写) ⚠️避坑指南：代词放中间 leave it out，不能 leave out it。 19　stand out 突出，引人注目 短语 释义 stand by 袖手旁观 stand for 代表;支持;容忍 stand on one’s own feet 自立;不依靠他人 stand up for 支持;维护 (权利) [基础检测]—— 用 stand 的相关短语填空 / 单句语法填空 67. In China, the color of red _________ good luck and energy. (用 stand 的相关短语填空) 68. How can you _________ and see him trapped in the mud pit? (用 stand 的相关短语填空) 69. The desire to ________ consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. (用stand的相关短语填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 70. 她决定为那个害羞的男孩辩护，不忽略他的想法。 She decided to _________ the shy boy and not leave out his opinions. (心理描写) ⚠️避坑指南：stand for 没有进行时;stand by 两层含义：“支持” 或 “袖手旁观” 看语境。 20　句型一：get＋宾语＋宾补 句型 释义 get + 宾语 + 过去分词 使某事被做;遭遇某事(宾语和宾补被动关系) [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 71. The old man had his foot _________ (bite) by a snake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. To her excitement, she saw the surroundings _________ (improve) a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. Don’t leave the facilities _________ (expose) to strong sunshine for long, which will damage them. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 74. 那个淘气的男孩把手卡在花瓶里，拔不出来了。 The naughty boy _________ and was unable to pull it out.(动作描写) ⚠️避坑指南：get/have/leave + 宾语 + done，宾语与过去分词被动;区分 get sb to do(主动，让某人做)。 21　句型二：It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that) 从句 “这 / 那是某人第…… 次做某事” 句型 释义 It is the + 序数词 + time that 从句 从句用现在完成时 It was the + 序数词 + time that 从句 从句用过去完成时 [基础检测]—— 单句语法填空 75. This is the fourth time that she _________ (call) you this week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 76. It was the second time that she _________ (visit) that city. (所给词的适当形式填空) [能力提升]—— 微写作 77. 这是我第一次有勇气批准这样一个具有挑战性的提案。 It is the first time that I _________ brave enough to approve such a challenging proposal.(情感描写) ⚠️避坑指南：is 搭配 have/has done;was 搭配 had done;可替换 This/That 代替 It。 22　句型三：特殊疑问词＋不定式 句型 释义 wh‑词 (what/how/when/where/whether)+to do 作主语、宾语、表语;只用主动式;if 不能接不定式 [基础检测]—— 句式升级 78. He doesn’t know what he will talk about. (句型转换) →He doesn’t know _________________. 79. The teacher taught the students how they should do the experiment. →The teacher taught the students ______________________________.(作宾语) 80. I really have no idea whether I will accept the sponsor’s invitation or not. (句型转换) →I really have no idea _________. [能力提升]—— 微写作 81. 不知道如何摆脱这个大南瓜，我几乎要被逼疯了。 Not knowing _________, I was almost driven mad. ⚠️避坑指南：只有 whether 可以接不定式，if 不可以;不定式只用主动语态。 基础固本练(限时：12分钟) 一、单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的关系词、介词、动词形式等，每空一词。 82. What he does is not consistent ________ what he says, which makes his friends confused. (用适当的词填空) 83. The system consisting ________ several parts is designed to protect personal safety. (用适当的词填空) 84. Out ________ sympathy for the homeless, she offered them food and blankets. (用适当的词填空) 85. He insisted that he ________ (do) nothing wrong and insisted that he ________ (set) free at once. (所给词的适当形式填空) 86. Many graduates insist on ________ (apply) for jobs related to public service. (所给词的适当形式填空) 87. Only when you have a good grasp ________ basic skills can you make further progress. (用适当的词填空) 88. She grasped ______ the opportunity ______ (study) abroad and made great achievements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 89. Much to my ________ (disappoint), I failed to get the position I had been longing for. (所给词的适当形式填空) 90. The audience felt ________ (disappoint) at the boring performance last night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 91. You should behave ________ (you) on formal occasions to leave a good impression. (所给词的适当形式填空) 92. His bad ________ (behave) in public drew other people’s attention. (所给词的适当形式填空) 93. We urge all teenagers ________ (take) exercise regularly to build up their bodies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 94. It is urged that every student ________ (participate) in the volunteer activity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 95. She felt an urge ________ (explore) the traditional culture of the ancient town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 96. Seeing the ________ (abandon) village, they felt a sense of sadness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 97. Don’t abandon ________ (pursue) your dream because of temporary difficulties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 98. It is hoped that no one will abandon oneself ____ online games. (用适当的词填空) 99. I owe it to my teachers ________ I have made steady progress in my studies. (用适当的词填空) 100. Due________the bad weather,the sports meeting had been put off. (用适当的词填空) 101. You owe it to yourself ________ (make) full use of your spare time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 102. More resources will be available ________ (support) students in need. (所给词的适当形式填空) 103. Before booking the hotel, please check for room ________ (available). (所给词的适当形式填空) 104. It is universally acknowledged ________ hard work leads to success. (用适当的词填空) 105. He acknowledged ________ (make) a mistake in the final examination. (所给词的适当形式填空) 106. In acknowledgement ________ your generous help, we will send you a small gift. (用适当的词填空) 107. After ________ (consult) my parents, I made up my mind to major in medicine. (所给词的适当形式填空) 108. The famous ________ (consult) gave us plenty of practical suggestions. (所给词的适当形式填空) 109. We consulted with our classmates ________ how to organize the charity activity. (用适当的词填空) 110. The result of the competition was beyond all ________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空) 111. The young man lived up ________ his parents’ expectations and entered a key university. (用适当的词填空) 112. He is expected ________ (give) a speech at the opening ceremony next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 113. We have witnessed great progress ________ science and technology over the past decades. (用适当的词填空) 114. The witness witnessed to ________ (see) the suspect near the crime scene. (所给词的适当形式填空) 115. I spotted a little boy ________ (cry) by the roadside on my way home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 116. When the fire broke out, several passers‑by spotted ________ (smoke) coming from the house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 117. The scenic spot attracts thousands of ________ (tour) from home and abroad every year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 118. Young people are strongly attracted ________ traditional folk art nowadays. (用适当的词填空) 119. The old town is very ________ (attract) to tourists for its special customs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 120. We should combine theory ________ practice in our daily study. (用适当的词填空) 121. In combination ________ teamwork, individual creativity can produce better results. (用适当的词填空) 122. When writing your composition, don’t leave ________ important details. (用适当的词填空) 123. He had to leave ________ Beijing to attend an important business meeting. (用适当的词填空) 124. Please leave me ________; I need to calm down and think independently. (用适当的词填空) 125. Among all the competitors, her excellent spoken English made her stand ________. (用适当的词填空) 126. We should stand up ________ the rights of the weak groups in society. (用适当的词填空) 127. The colour white stands ________ purity in Chinese traditional culture. (用适当的词填空) 128. I got my bike ________ (repair) on my way to school this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 129. It is the first time that I ________ (take) part in such a meaningful community service. (所给词的适当形式填空) 130. It was the third time that he ________ (miss) the early bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 131. She has no idea about ________ to choose between the two job offers. (用适当的词填空) 二、完成句子 根据中文句意，补全英文句子，每空不限词数，保证语法准确、句意通顺。 132. 如果你想赢得别人信任，你的行为应当和你的言语保持一致。 If you want to win others’ trust, your behaviour should _______________. 133. 很多市民对那些流浪动物充满同情，经常捐赠物资帮助它们。 Many citizens _______________ those stray animals and often donate supplies to help them. 134. 他坚持要求我们充分利用每一分钟来提升自我。 He insisted that _______________ make full use of every minute to improve ourselves. 135. 只有掌握好阅读技巧，你才可以更好地理解文章。 Only when you ________________ reading skills can you understand passages better. 136. 令我们失望的是，我们期待已久的户外活动被取消了。 _______________, the outdoor activity we had expected for long was cancelled. 137. 在公共场合，每个人都应该举止得体，尊重他人。 Everyone should _______________ and respect others in public places. 138. 专家极力主张青少年远离网络游戏。 Experts urge that teenagers _______________ online games. 139. 不要沉湎于短暂的快乐，要为长远未来做打算。 Don’t _______________ short‑term pleasure and plan for the long‑term future. 140. 多亏老师的指导，我克服了学习中的很多困难。 _______________ my teacher’s guidance, I have overcome many difficulties in study. 141. 如果您周末有空，欢迎参加我们的读书分享会。 If you _______________ on weekends, you are welcome to join our book‑sharing meeting. 142. 人们公认坚持是成功的关键因素。 _______________ persistence is a key factor to success. 143. 遇到困惑的时候，你可以向老师请教，也可以查阅词典。 When confused, you can _______________ or consult a dictionary. 144. 这个年轻人没有辜负父母的期望，取得了令人满意的成绩。 The young man _______________ and achieved satisfying results. 145. 过去十年见证了乡村地区的巨大发展。 The past ten years _______________ in rural areas. 146. 警察发现那个小偷正在偷路边自行车。 The police _______________ bikes by the roadside. 147. 这座古城独特的风俗吸引了许多来自世界各地的游客。 The unique customs of this ancient city _______________ from all over the world. 148. 我们应当把书本知识和社会实践结合起来。 We are supposed to _______________ social practice. 149. 写报告的时候千万不要遗漏关键证据。 When writing the report, make sure you do not _______________. 150. 在众多参赛者当中，她的创新想法十分突出。 Among many competitors, her creative ideas _______________. 151. 昨天我找人把我的电脑修好了。 I _______________ yesterday. 152. 这是我第二次参观这座历史博物馆。 _______________ this historical museum. 153. 他不知道该选哪一门选修课。 He had no idea _______________. 154. 我们应当维护弱势群体的合法权益。 We ought to _______________ of disadvantaged groups. 155. 因为资金短缺，他们放弃实施这个新项目。 They _______________ the new project for lack of money. 156. 我把我的进步归功于同学们的鼓励。 I _______________ my classmates’ encouragement. 综合进阶练(限时：15分钟) 语法填空 A (25-26高二上·山东威海·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The spending power of young people ____157____ (vary) from person to person. Each, however, is ____158____ (face) with the same question: what to do with their money? Some teens may spend their money on online activities ____159____ others can make good use of money. For instance, with her grandmother’s help, eight-year-old Thompson started making “Kare Bags” containing ____160____ (necessity) for the homeless, which made their lives ____161____ (easy). It’s important for younger generations to know an appropriate way to spend money. Thanks to Jerry, he put forward a method to teach teenagers ____162____ to spend money wisely. When Jerry’s grandchildren turned 13, his present to each of them was three jars for Spending, Saving, and Giving — he has since added a fourth jar for investing. It was from then on ____163____ his grandchildren started to be in control of the money they received. The present is more than a few jars — he is giving them the opportunity ____164____ (learn) lifelong values. The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think ____165____ (objective) about money and what it can do. In a word, this method will make a ____166____ (different) to teenagers’ future. B (25-26高二下·陕西榆林·期末) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forty years after China launched the “Wild Horse Return Program”, the Przewalski’s horse — the world’s only surviving wild horse species — ____167____ (shift) from near extinction to self-sustaining wild herds in Northwest China so far. Its population in China has gone over 900, ____168____ (rough) one-third of the global total. The program, ____169____ (launch) in 1985, aims to restore the species, which died out in the wild in the 1970s from poaching and habitat loss. It has saved this 60-million-year-old “living fossil”, ____170____ (move) it from captive breeding (人工繁殖) to stable wild populations. The project imported horses from abroad ____171____ built domestic breeding bases, making the horse a symbol of ecological restoration. A key rewilding effort was carried out at Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve among the major ____172____ (site) in Gansu province. From 2010 to 2025, 56 trained horses were released into the reserve, ____173____ the natural environment provided enough food and water. Last year, 28 horses were relocated (迁移) 1,030 kilometers via a pioneering “loose transport” method ____174____ zero deaths. Now, over 300 horses have been bred and released into the wild. The species can now sustain ____175____ (it) in the reserve, forming 28 herds with a total of more than 200 horses. Zhao Xumao, a professor at Lanzhou University’s College of Ecology, said, “The successful breeding and reintroduction highlight the country’s resolve _____176_____ ( protect) biodiversity and promote harmony between humans and nature.” C (26-27高一上·河北衡水·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling is a wonderful activity. It can open our eyes and make our life ____177____ (color). Last summer vacation, I went to the seaside with my parents. We stayed there for a week. The sea was blue and the beach was beautiful. We swam in the sea and walked along the beach. I took a lot of photos that kept the beautiful moments. I tasted delicious seafood there. The local people were very friendly. They told me many stories about the sea. I learned a lot about the sea animals ____178____ live in the deep sea. I had a great time there. When I got back home, I wrote a travel journal. It ____179____ (share) with my classmates. They were all interested in my stories. Traveling teaches me that the world is much bigger than the place ____180____ we live. I plan to travel to more places in the future. I believe traveling ____181____ (bring) me more surprises. Every new place ____182____ (have) its own special culture. I want to experience different cultures. The memories ____183____ I got from traveling will stay in my heart forever. I think everyone should go out to travel when they are free. It is a good chance ____184____ (relax) ourselves. I hope I will visit more ____185____ (place) of interest in China. I am sure I will have ____186____ (forget) experiences during my trips. D (26-27高三上·贵州·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For decades, scientists have known that homing pigeons rely on Earth’s magnetic field _____187_____ (find) their way home. But how they manage it has remained _____188_____ puzzle. A study _____189_____ (publish) in Science in May 2026 may have found the answer — and it is not _____190_____ anyone expected. The “compass”, it turns out, is not in the bird’s beak. It is in the liver. The team, _____191_____ leader was Clivia Lisowski, trained 34 pigeons to fly a 19-kilometre route until they could find their way home _____192_____ (reliable). Then the birds _____193_____ (divide) into two groups. One group received an injection _____194_____ wipes out macrophages — immune cells that break down old red blood cells and store the iron. The other group received a harmless control injection. The next day, with complete cloud cover over the sky, all 34 birds were released and tracked by GPS. Every control bird made it home within 70 minutes. Not one of the treated birds returned. Their tracks showed that they were not flying in circles but covering real distance — in the wrong directions, scattered and unable to orient _____195_____ (they). When the clouds cleared and the sun came out, the same birds homed without any ______196______ (difficult). E (26-27高二上·湖北·阶段检测) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of tuanshan dates back to the Han Dynasty. Round like full moons, the fans stand for ____197____ (reunite) and good fortune, serving both as cooling tools and symbols of taste and social status. Huang Shuofu, ____198____ fourth-generation tuanshan craftsman from Guilin, is committed to protecting this intangible cultural heritage and has won many domestic and international honors. In 2013, he was asked to craft two fans ____199____ were decorated with ethnic Miao embroidery (刺绣) for then-UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon. “We need to follow new trends and combine these with the traditional elements as much as possible while ____200____ (preserve) the original essence to continue sharing this heritage with people at home and abroad,” Huang said. He ____201____ (obtain) more than 30 national patents and exported products to major overseas markets including South Korea, Japan and Singapore up to now. ____202____ (similar), sustainable, green practices are a priority, he added, ____203____ (give) that his creations rely on natural bamboo as a major material. “We minimize our waste and throw away as little material as possible,” Huang said. “We recycle the bamboo strips, cloth, paper and try to come up ____204____ new ways to use them, such as for bookmarks, desk accessories and other smaller-sized, related products.“ ____205____ (advance) sustainable, balanced development, the tuanshan production also engages locals. “We make our tuanshan here by mixing tradition and innovation, protecting our heritage _____206_____ promoting it together,” Huang said. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $