Unit 5 Play by the rules核心知识点讲练2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules?｜核心知识点精讲 2026-2027学年外研版（2024）英语八年级上册 一、核心单词精讲（14 词） 1 rule /ruːl/ n. 规则 搭配：follow the rules 遵守规则；break the rules 违反规则。 课本句：Everyone knows the rules, I thought.（P68） 2 opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ prep. 在……的对面 一词多义：还可作形容词“对面的”和名词“反面”。 课本句：Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone.（P68） 3 packet /ˈpækɪt/ n. 小包，小盒，小袋 搭配：a packet of 一包；several packets of food 几包食物。 课本句：A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food.（P69） 4 smelly /ˈsmeli/ adj. 有臭味的 词形：smell n. 气味 v. 闻 → smelly adj.。 课本句：People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly!（P69） 5 cheese /tʃiːz/ n. 干酪，奶酪 不可数名词；blue cheese 蓝纹奶酪。 课本句：It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese.（P69） 6 kick /kɪk/ v. 踢 搭配：kick one’s seat 踢某人的座位。 课本句：Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat.（P69） 7 fool /fuːl/ n. 蠢人，傻子，笨蛋 常用语：make a fool of sb 愚弄某人；foolish adj. 愚蠢的。 课本句：Will they think me a fool if I do something?（P69） 8 throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙，咽喉 搭配：clear one’s throat 清清嗓子。 课本句：I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat...（P69） 9 risk /rɪsk/ n. 危险（性），风险 搭配：take a risk 冒险；run the risk of 冒着……的风险。 课本句：But the internet has also brought new risks.（P76） 10 avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免 易错：avoid 后接动名词，不接不定式。 仿写：避免犯同样的错误。→ Avoid making the same mistake. 课本句：Avoid posting personal information online.（P77） 11 password /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ n. 密码 构词：pass + word；a strong password 强密码。 课本句：To protect your online accounts, it’s important to use a “strong and long” password.（P77） 12 account /əˈkaʊnt/ n. 账户 一词多义：还有“描述，叙述”之意。 课本句：To protect your online accounts, it’s important to use a “strong and long” password.（P77） 13 cheat /tʃiːt/ v. 欺诈，欺骗 搭配：cheat sb 欺骗某人；cheat in the exam 考试作弊。 课本句：Never meet online strangers in real life. They may cheat you.（P77） 14 cost /kɒst/ n. 代价 一词多义：还作动词“花费”，过去式仍是 cost。 课本句：Remember that behaving badly online has costs.（P77） 二、高频短语标注表 短语 释义 用法与教材原句 get on the train 上火车 After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. in order to read 为了读书 I went to a quiet area in order to read. play loud music on her phone 用手机大声放音乐 Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. jump up in surprise 惊讶得跳了起来 I almost jumped up in surprise. take out several packets of food 拿出几包食物 A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. on a picnic 在野餐 It was like he was on a picnic. cover my ears 捂住耳朵 I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. hold my breath 屏住呼吸 I held my breath so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. kick my seat 踢我的座位 Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. turn around 转过身 I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. look after your children 照看好您的孩子 They read “Please be quiet”, “No smelly food” and “Please look after your children”. in our minds and hearts 在我们的头脑和心中 They aren’t just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. face to face 面对面地 Think 20 years back when chatting face to face with loved ones far away was a dream. a piece of cake 轻而易举的事 Nowadays, the internet has made it a piece of cake! get in touch with 与……取得联系 We can get in touch with anyone with just one click. keep personal information private 保护个人信息 Keep personal information private. turn to sb for help 向某人求助 Instead, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help. 三、重点句型精讲（4 个） 句型 1｜动词不定式作目的状语：to do sth 结构：主语 + 谓语 + to do sth，可放句首或句尾，说明动作的目的 课本句：After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. 易错：放句首时后面要加逗号，如 To get there early, I left at six. 仿写：他早起是为了赶火车。→ He got up early to catch the train. 句型 2｜in order to / so as to do sth 结构：主语 + 谓语 + in order to / so as to do sth，语气比 to 正式 课本句：I went to a quiet area in order to read. 课本句：I held my breath so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. 易错：so as to 一般不放句首；否定式是 in order not to do。 仿写：为了通过考试，他努力学习。→ In order to pass the exam, he studies hard. 句型 3｜avoid doing sth.（避免做某事） 结构：主语 + avoid(s) + 动词-ing 课本句：Avoid posting personal information online. 易错：avoid 后接 v-ing，不接 to do。 仿写：避免独自在深夜外出。→ Avoid going out alone late at night. 句型 4｜It’s important to do sth. 结构：It + be + adj. + to do sth，it 作形式主语 课本句：To protect your online accounts, it’s important to use a “strong and long” password. 易错：真正的主语是后面的不定式。 仿写：按时完成作业很重要。→ It’s important to finish homework on time. 四、巩固练习 一、短语汉译英（15 小题） 1. 在野餐 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. 面对面地 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 3. 陷入麻烦 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 4. 捂住耳朵 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 5. 屏住呼吸 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 6. 大声放音乐 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 7. 挡住噪音 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 8. 踢某人的座位 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 9. 清清嗓子 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 10. 轻而易举的事 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 11. 上火车 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 12. 为了读书 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 13. 深吸一口气 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 14. 向某人求助 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 15. 与某人取得联系 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 二、用单词的适当形式填空（15 小题） 1. I asked him ______ (stop), but it didn’t work. 2. I got on the train ______ (go) home after work. 3. Avoid ______ (post) personal information online. 4. Think carefully before ______ (post) something online. 5. I turned around so as ______ (see) the other passengers’ faces. 6. Think 20 years back when ______ (chat) face to face was a dream. 7. A girl opposite me started ______ (play) loud music on her phone. 8. Don’t use words that are easy ______ (guess), like your birthday. 9. My face turned as red ______ a tomato! 10. I went to a quiet area in ______ to read. 11. Rules are there for ______ (we) to follow! 12. I held my breath so ______ to reduce the smell. 13. Never meet online ______ (strange) in real life. 14. Nowadays, the internet has ______ (make) it a piece of cake! 15. If you find yourself in hot ______, don’t answer any bad messages. 三、句子翻译（10 小题） 1. 你不必独自面对你的问题！ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. 真让人震惊！我差点惊讶得跳起来。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 3. 我去了一个安静的区域，为了读书。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 4. 规则存在就是让我们遵守的！ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 5. 只要点击一下，我们就能与任何人取得联系。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 6. 我的脸红得像番茄！ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 7. 忙碌了一天后，我上了回家的火车。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 8. 如果你陷入麻烦，不要回复任何不好的信息。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 9. 那食物太难闻了！就像坐在一座蓝纹奶酪山旁边。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 10. 要保护你的网上账户，用“又强又长”的密码很重要。 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 五、参考答案 一、短语汉译英 1. on a picnic 2. face to face 3. in hot water 4. cover my ears 5. hold my breath 6. play loud music 7. block the noise 8. kick one’s seat 9. clear one’s throat 10. a piece of cake 11. get on the train 12. in order to read 13. take a deep breath 14. turn to sb for help 15. get in touch with sb 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. to stop 　　ask sb to do sth。 2. to go 　　不定式表目的。 3. posting 　　avoid 后接动名词。 4. posting 　　before 是介词，后接 v-ing。 5. to see 　　so as to do sth。 6. chatting 　　when 后接 v-ing。 7. playing 　　start doing sth。 8. to guess 　　be easy to do sth。 9. as 　　as ... as 和……一样。 10. order 　　in order to do sth。 11. us 　　for 是介词，后接宾格。 12. as 　　so as to do sth。 13. strangers 　　strange 的名词是 stranger，此处用复数。 14. made 　　make 的过去分词 made。 15. water 　　in hot water 陷入麻烦。 三、句子翻译 1. You don’t have to face your problems alone! 　　don’t have to 不必。 2. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. 　　in surprise 惊讶地。 3. I went to a quiet area in order to read. 　　in order to do sth。 4. And rules are there for us to follow! 　　for sb to do sth。 5. We can get in touch with anyone with just one click. 　　get in touch with。 6. My face turned as red as a tomato! 　　as ... as 同级比较。 7. After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. 　　get on 上（车）。 8. If you find yourself in hot water, don’t answer any bad messages. 　　if 引导条件状语从句。 9. The food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. 　　so + adj.；be like 像一样。 10. To protect your online accounts, it’s important to use a “strong and long” password. 　　不定式放句首表目的。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $