Unit 5 Understanding ideas Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules? Understanding ideas (Grammar) 课　　题 Unit 5 Play by the rules? — Understanding ideas (Grammar) 课　　型 语法课（Understanding ideas Grammar） 课　　时 第二课时（45分钟） 授课年级 八年级上册 教　　材 外研版（2024）英语八年级上册 话　　题 动词不定式作目的状语（to do／in order to do／so as to do）——打碎花盆的小男孩与心中的规则 核心素养目标 语言能力 正确认读和拼写本节课的重点词汇和语法；能够就本课时的主题进行流畅的交流和探讨。 文化意识 培养在公共场合中的规则意识，培养诚实与尊重的价值观。 学习能力 能够识别语篇中的动词不定式作目的状语；总结和归纳动词不定式作目的状语的用法；培养独立思考和自主探究的学习能力。 思维品质 培养对语法现象分析、推断和归纳的思维能力，能够在语法学习的过程中做到举一反三。 教学重点 ①通过本课时的活动，学生能够发现、梳理、总结动词不定式作目的状语的基本用法②掌握三种形式（to do／in order to do／so as to do）与句首句尾两个位置 教学难点 ①通过课堂活动，学生能够掌握动词不定式作目的状语并完成相应的练习，灵活运用语法规则②区分三种形式（so as to 不能放句首）并在语篇书信中灵活运用 教学过程 教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 温故引新 Review & Lead-in Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 读课文原句并归纳语法规则：(a) I got on the train to go home.（to do）(b) I went to a quiet area in order to read.（in order to do）(c) I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food.（so as to do） Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. 引导学生在课文中再找含这些结构的句子，问「这个动作是为了什么」。 朗读并对比三句，发现 to do／in order to do／so as to do 三种形式； 回课文再找同类句，初步感知目的状语。 功能发现 Discovery 除了作宾语补足语之外，动词不定式还可以在句中作目的状语，表示行为动作的目的：The WWF is working hard to save all the animals. 世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。She practises every day to improve her singing skills. 她每天都在练习以提高自己的歌唱技巧。 语义拆解：to improve her singing skills 就是目的状语，表示 practises every day 的目的——She studies hard to pass the exam. 她努力学习以通过考试。They built a fence around the garden to keep rabbits out. 他们在花园周围建了围栏防止兔子进入。 引导用「自测法」区分目的状语与宾补：把不定式短语换成 in order that 从句还能通顺，就是目的状语。 观察例句，说出不定式回答的是「为什么做」； 用 in order that 替换法自测两类结构的区别； 与上一课宾补功能划清界限。 规则归纳 Rule summary 位置规则：不定式作目的状语既可放在句尾，也可放在句首——Dylan trained hard to improve his basketball skills. ↔ To improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.（句首时用逗号与主句隔开）To understand the local culture better, she decided to live with a host family. 为了更好地了解当地文化，她决定寄宿在当地家庭。 形式变体：除了直接使用 to do sth.，还可以使用 in order to do sth. 和 so as to do sth.——He's saving money in order to buy a new computer. 为了买一台新电脑，他正在攒钱。Linda started work early so as to finish it by five. Linda 很早就开始工作，以便在五点前完成。 点破硬规则：句首只能用 To... 或 In order to...，so as to 不能放句首。 练习句首句尾两放改写，记住句首加逗号； 三形式互换口头操练； 记录 so as to 不能放句首的硬规则。 即时操练 Controlled practice Rewrite the sentences with to, in order to and so as to. 用三种形式改写：1 People wear seat belts in cars. People want to stay safe on the road. → to stay safe on the road.／in order to stay safe on the road.／so as to stay safe on the road. 2 Sally arrived at the train station before 6:00 am. She needed to catch the earliest train. → to catch／in order to catch／so as to catch the earliest train. 3 I listened carefully in maths class. I hope to improve my grades. → to improve／in order to improve／so as to improve my grades. 引导改写三步：找准主句动作→把另一句的动词变不定式→逐一替换三种形式；提示 before 6:00 am 保留在主句里。 独立完成三句九空改写； 同桌互查：只动目的部分、其余原样保留； 一题练三形式，归纳替换规律。 语篇运用 Contextual practice Complete the letter to Story Aunt using the notes in brackets and the target grammar. 用括号笔记和目标语法补全给 Story Aunt 的信：1 I'm writing to share a touching story.（我要写信分享一个动人的故事）2 Yesterday, I left my flat to go to work. 3 so I picked up the pieces to clean up the mess.（花盆碎了，捡起碎片清理狼藉）4 He wrote the note to say sorry to me.（打篮球打碎花盆的男孩留纸条道歉，还留下电话号码和一些钱）His honesty made me respect him. Telling the truth isn't always easy. However, he followed the rules in his heart. 5 I'm sharing my story to spread some happiness.（署名 Ms Yu, from Wenzhou） 点破：五空全带 to，一封诚信小故事信把目的状语用了个遍；打碎花盆主动留条赔偿正是「心中的规则」in his heart，呼应诚实与尊重的价值观。 按「前动作+to+后动词原形」拼接括号笔记； 独立完成五空并核对； 体会小男孩的诚实与「心中的规则」，回应单元主题。 结对讨论 Pair work Work in pairs. Share a story of following rules. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 句式支架：Last..., I...／I love doing... in order to...／People have to...／Please...／I tried to...／This rule is useful because...／From this experience, I have learnt that... 四问引导：When did the story happen?／Where did the story happen?／What did you do?／What have you learnt? 示例骨架：Last weekend, I went to the library in order to read quietly. People have to keep quiet there. This rule is useful because everyone can focus. From this experience, I have learnt that rules make life better. 提示故事先定地点再选规则：图书馆（安静）、路口（等灯）、车站（排队）——in order to 至少用一次。 按四问搭故事骨架，用句式支架成段输出； 至少使用一次 in order to； 小组展示一到两段规则故事。 词汇归纳 Vocabulary 学习 belt：搭配 tighten/loosen a belt 系紧/松开腰带／leather belt 皮带——The coach told the players to tighten their belts before the match. 教练让球员们在比赛前系紧腰带。She lost weight and had to buy a smaller belt. 她瘦了，不得不买一条更小的腰带。 学习 seat belt：搭配 fasten/wear a seat belt 系安全带／seat belt sign 安全带指示灯——The flight attendant reminded passengers to wear seat belts. 空乘提醒乘客系好安全带。Always fasten your seat belt when driving. 开车时务必系好安全带。 学习 station：搭配 train station 火车站／bus station 公交车站——The train will arrive at the central station in ten minutes. 火车将在十分钟后到达中央车站。She waited at the bus station for over an hour. 她在公交车站等了一个多小时。 学习 pick up：搭配 pick up the pieces 收拾残局／pick up trash 捡垃圾——The child picked up the fallen books from the floor. 孩子从地上捡起掉落的书。She bent down to pick up her dropped keys. 她弯腰捡起掉落的钥匙。 学习 mess：搭配 make a mess 弄乱／clean up a mess 清理脏乱——The kids made a mess in the living room with their toys. 孩子们把玩具弄得客厅一团糟。It took hours to clean up the mess after the party. 派对后花了好几个小时清理。 学习 honesty：搭配 value honesty 重视诚实／doubt someone's honesty 怀疑某人的诚实——His honesty earned him great respect from his colleagues. 他的正直赢得了同事的尊敬。The teacher praised the student for his honesty. 老师表扬了学生的诚实。 学习 respect：搭配 respect rules 遵守规则／respect elders 尊敬长辈——She respects her parents' opinions even when she disagrees. 即使不同意，她也尊重父母的意见。Everyone should respect the laws of the country. 每个人都应尊重国家法律。 学习 spread：搭配 spread happiness 传播快乐／spread news 传播消息——Social media helps spread information quickly. 社交媒体帮助信息快速传播。The good news spread rapidly across the city. 好消息在城市中迅速传播。 按书信故事串记八词：fasten your seat belt→arrive at the station→pick up the pieces to clean up the mess→honesty→respect→spread happiness； 逐词学习搭配与例句； 对照随堂检测十二题的题干句式记忆搭配，注意第 3 题 In order to 句首大写、第 8 题 picked up 过去式。 随堂检测 Testing 完成随堂检测：教师发放随堂检测题，学生限时独立完成后，教师逐题核对讲评。 【一、根据句意及汉语提示补全句子】 1. 老师提高音量为了让每个人都听清楚。The teacher raised her voice _____________ everyone hear clearly. 2. 她定期锻炼以保持健康。She exercises regularly ____________ maintain good health. 3. 为了完成任务，他们每天加班工作。_______________ complete the task, they worked overtime every day. 4. 他们投资新设备以提高生产效率。They invested in new equipment _____________ production efficiency. 5. 他穿着新牛仔裤，系了一条黑色皮带。He wore a black _________________ with his new jeans. 6. 飞机起飞后，安全带指示灯熄灭。The _______________ sign turned off after the plane took off. 7. 你在去火车站的路上会经过一家银行。You'll pass a bank on the way to the _________________. 8. 志愿者们在海滩边捡塑料瓶。Volunteers _________________ plastic bottles along the beach. 9. 他的桌子太乱，连笔都找不到。His desk was in such a ___________ that he couldn't find his pen. 10. 诚实是友谊中最重要的品质。_____________ is the most important quality in a friendship. 11. 孩子们在学校被教导要尊敬老师。Children are taught to _____________ their teachers at school. 12. 她无论走到哪里都努力传播善意。She always tries to _____________ kindness wherever she goes. 限时独立完成随堂检测，不看笔记、不讨论； 完成后与同桌交换互批，逐题核对答案并订正； 订正后用红笔标注错题涉及的语法规则或词汇搭配，纳入个人复习清单。 参考答案：1. to make　2. so as to　3. In order to　4. to improve　5. leather belt　6. seat belt　7. train station　8. picked up　9. mess　10. Honesty　11. respect　12. spread 归纳与作业 Summary & Homework Summary：Grammar—动词不定式作目的状语（to do／in order to do／so as to do；句首句尾两放，so as to 禁放句首，句首加逗号）；Vocabulary—belt, seat belt, station, pick up, mess, honesty, respect, spread。 Homework：Review the key words, expressions, sentence patterns and grammar in today's lesson. 复习本课重点词汇、短语、句型与语法。Make five sentences with the grammar in today's lesson. 用本课语法造五个句子——三种形式全练到：to do 两句（其中一句放句首加逗号）+ in order to 一句 + so as to 一句。 对照三形式口诀自查本课掌握情况； 记录两项作业：复习词汇语法；按形式要求造五个句子。 作业设计（分层） 【基础·必做】抄写并记忆本课 8 个重点词汇与搭配（tighten/loosen a belt／fasten a seat belt／train station／pick up the pieces／make a mess／value honesty／respect rules／spread happiness），朗读课文语法例句。 【提升·选做】Make five sentences with the grammar in today's lesson. 用本课语法造五个句子（to do 两句含一个句首用法、in order to 一句、so as to 一句）。 【拓展·挑战】把给 Story Aunt 的信改写成 60 词左右的英语短文 The boy who followed the rules in his heart，至少用两处目的状语（to do／in order to）。 板书设计 Unit 5 Play by the rules? — Grammar 不定式作目的状语 三形式：to do｜in order to do｜so as to do（so as to 禁放句首） 位置：句尾 Dylan trained hard to... ↔ 句首 To..., Dylan trained hard.（加逗号） 自测：换 in order that 通顺 = 目的状语 词汇：fasten a seat belt｜pick up the pieces｜make a mess｜honesty｜respect｜spread happiness 教学评价与反思 1. 目标—评价对应（教-学-评一体化）： 素养目标 课堂评价任务与证据 语言能力：掌握语法规则与词汇搭配 课文句归纳；改写三题九空；语篇五空；随堂检测十二题 文化意识：公共规则意识、诚实与尊重 语篇书信小男孩的诚实故事；结对讨论规则故事 学习能力：自主归纳语法用法 in order that 替换自测法；改写三步策略 思维品质：分析推断归纳、举一反三 目的状语与宾补辨析；三形式一题多练；so as to 句首禁区推演 2. 预设反思点： 以课文三原句 (a)(b)(c) 对比切入，三形式自然亮相，作者捂耳朵捂鼻子的小动作让语法有画面；用 in order that 替换自测法区分目的状语与宾补，操作性强；句首句尾两放配逗号细节、so as to 禁放句首的硬规则前置，防错于未然；改写三题一题练三形式，before 6:00 am 不搬家的提示保住主干；语篇五空的诚信小故事（打碎花盆留条赔偿）把语法落到价值观——followed the rules in his heart 正是单元主题的语法表达；结对讨论四问搭骨架，in order to 至少用一次让语法开口说话；词汇八词串书信故事，第 3 题 In order to 句首大写与第 8 题 picked up 过去式为易错点，讲评时重点点破，当堂闭环。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $