Unit 1 Understanding ideas (Grammar) 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语外研版八年级上册

2026-10-09
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Unit 1 This is me Understanding ideas (Grammar) 课  题 Unit 1 This is me — Understanding ideas (Grammar) 课  型 语法课(Understanding ideas Grammar) 课  时 第二课时(45分钟) 授课年级 八年级上册 教  材 外研版(2024)英语八年级上册 话  题 现在完成时(1)——谈论接纳自我的经历(I am what I am.) 核心素养目标 语言能力 正确认读和拼写本课重点词汇和语法;能够就本课时的主题进行流畅的交流和探讨。 文化意识 认识到外貌多样性是人类的正常现象,学会接纳人与人之间的不同之处。 学习能力 识别语篇中的现在完成时;总结和归纳现在完成时的用法;培养独立思考和自主探究的学习能力。 思维品质 培养对语法现象分析、推断和归纳的思维能力,能够在语法学习的过程中做到举一反三。 教学重点 ①通过本课时的活动,发现、梳理、总结现在完成时的基本用法(构成、人称变化、不规则分词、just/already/yet)②辨析现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 教学难点 ①掌握现在完成时并完成相应的练习,灵活运用语法规则 教学过程 教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 温故导入 Lead-in Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 读课文原句并归纳语法规则:(a) I haven't told Maddie yet... 我还没告诉 Maddie……/(b) I have already learnt that I am what I am. 我已经明白了我就是我。What can you find? 你能发现什么?——haven't done(否定)与 have done(肯定)。 Now find one more sentence with these structures in the reading passage. 在课文中再找一个含此结构的句子。 朗读课文两句,圈出 haven't told 与 have already learnt; 归纳 have/has + 过去分词的结构; 回课文再找一个现在完成时句子验证。 规则学习一 定义与构成 现在完成时表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响。现在完成时由「have/has + 动词的过去分词」构成。例:I have entered lots of competitions. 我参加过很多比赛。/Have you ever won any prizes before? 你以前得过奖吗?/Many people have agreed to help us. 许多人都同意帮助我们。 现在完成时还可以表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。例:I have seen the film. I do not want to see it again. 这部电影我已经看过了,不想再看了。/My aunt has travelled all over the world. 我姑姑已经周游了世界。 人称变化:现在完成时中除第三人称单数形式用 has/has not (hasn't) + 动词的过去分词以外,其他人称都用 have/have not (haven't) + 动词的过去分词形式。大部分动词过去分词的变化方式是规则的,但有一部分动词的变化是不规则的,需要记住:be-was/were-been、do-did-done、eat-ate-eaten、go-went-gone、see-saw-seen、find-found-found、have-had-had、make-made-made、let-let-let、put-put-put。 归纳现在完成时两大用法(对现在的影响/已完成的事); 掌握 has(三单)与 have(其他人称)的分工; 分组背诵十组不规则过去分词,按 AAA 型与 ABA 型分组记忆。 规则学习二 时间副词与过去时对比 现在完成时常与 just, already 或 yet 等表示时间的状语连用。例:I have just heard the news. 我刚听到消息。/Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。/We have just started to explore other planets. 我们才刚刚开始探索其他行星。 just 用来表示「刚刚」,already 用来表示「已经」,两者都用于肯定句中,一般是置于 have/has 之后。在否定句中则可以用 yet,表示「还未」,有「以后可能会」的含义。例:The scientists have not heard from it yet. 科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的,重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响;而一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。例:I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦,上个月去的。 在没有明确的过去时间状语时,判断标准是看该行为是否对现在有影响,也就是说该句所强调的是什么。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态对现在有影响或结果;一般过去时表示在过去某个具体时间发生的动作或状态,与现在没有直接联系。 情境对话①:A: Where have you put my book? I can't find it. 你把我的书放哪儿去了? 我找不到。B: I put it on your desk yesterday. 我昨天放在你桌上了。A 强调现在找不到了→现在完成时;B 说明当时放的位置→一般过去时。 情境对话②:A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight? 你今晚想和我去看电影吗? B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思,我已经看过那部电影了。现在完成时表示对结果的强调:已经看过,所以不想再看了。 掌握 just(刚刚)/already(已经)置于 have/has 后、yet(还未)用于否定句句末的位置规则; 对比 I have just been to London. 与 I went there last month. 理解两种时态的侧重; 分析两组情境对话,用「强调什么」标准判断时态选择。 操练产出 Practice & Output Write sentences with the present perfect tense. 用现在完成时写句子:1 I / just / cut my long hair → I have just cut my long hair. 2 She / never / worry about / her looks → She has never worried about her looks. 3 I / just / paint a beautiful flower / on my face → I have just painted a beautiful flower on my face. 4 Chris / always / wear / a pair of glasses → Chris has always worn a pair of glasses. 5 Jessica / already / change her opinion / on her looks → Jessica has already changed her opinion on her looks. Rewrite the underlined sentences using the present perfect tense. 用现在完成时改写划线句:I was the tallest student in my class, Now, I'm still the tallest. → I have always been the tallest student in my class. /I sat on the last row in primary school. Now at junior high, I'm still sitting on the last row. → I have always sat on the last row—first in primary school and now in junior high. /"You must be good at basketball," my classmates at primary school always said that. → "You must be good at basketball," my classmates have always said. /I couldn't accept my height, but I learn to do it now. → I couldn't accept my height before, but I have learned to accept it now. Work in pairs. Discuss the experience of accepting your looks. Use the words from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 结对讨论接纳自己外貌的经历。Useful expressions:I was not happy with my... /... is a good way to... /What do you think of... now? /For example, ... /I have already... /Why not...? 讨论问题链(EXPERIENCE OF ACCEPTING YOURSELF):Which part of your looks are you not happy with? /How did you feel about it before? /How do you feel about it now? /Why did you change your view of it? /What can you learn from this experience? 按「主语+have/has+副词+过去分词」公式完成五个写句; 找「延续到现在」的信号词(Now, I'm still...)完成四句改写; 结对用问题链讨论接纳外貌的经历:过去感受用一般过去时、已接受的状态用现在完成时,两种时态自然切换。 词汇归纳 Vocabulary 学习 underline:搭配 underline a word/sentence 给单词/句子画线——Please underline the key points in your textbook. 请在课本上给重点内容画线。搭配 underline the importance of... 强调……的重要性——He underlined the date in red to remember it. 他用红色标出日期以便记忆。 学习 row:搭配 sit in the front/back row 坐在前排/后排——We sat in the front row to see the performance clearly. 我们坐在前排,以便看清表演。搭配 stand in a row 站成一排——The students stood in a row for the photo. 学生们站成一排拍照。 学习 primary:搭配 primary school 小学——She teaches at a primary school in London. 她在伦敦的一所小学教书。搭配 primary education 初等教育——Reading and writing are primary skills for children. 阅读和写作是孩子们的基础技能。 学习 reach:搭配 reach for something 伸手去拿某物——She reached for the book on the top shelf. 她伸手去拿书架顶层的书。搭配 reach a goal 达成目标——Can you reach the light switch? 你能够到电灯开关吗? 学习 height:搭配 average height 平均身高——He is tall. His height is 180 cm. 他很高。他的身高是 180 厘米。搭配 measure one's height 测量某人的身高——The doctor measured the child's height every year. 医生每年都测量这个孩子的身高。 逐词学习五词搭配与例句并造句; 辨析 reach「伸手够物/达成目标」双重含义; 用 height 与 high 构词关系(high→height)联想记忆。 随堂检测 Testing 完成随堂检测:教师发放随堂检测题,学生限时独立完成后,教师逐题核对讲评。 【一、根据句意及汉语提示补全句子】 1. 我们刚刚收到他的消息。We ____________________ his message. 2. 她最近学了很多新单词。She ________________ many new words recently. 3. 人类尚未在太空中发现任何生命。Man _____________________ any life in space yet. 4. 我已经完成家庭作业了,一小时前完成的。I ____________________ my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 5. 老师在我的作文里标出了错误。The teacher ______________ the mistakes in my essay. 6. 我家附近有一排商店。There's ______________ shops near my house. 7. 经过多年努力,他终于实现了梦想。After years of hard work, he finally ___________ his dream. 8. 你可以调节椅子的高度。You can adjust the ____________ of the chair. 限时独立完成随堂检测,不看笔记、不讨论; 完成后与同桌交换互批,逐题核对答案并订正; 订正后用红笔标注错题涉及的时间副词站位与不规则分词,纳入个人复习清单。 参考答案:1. have just received 2. has learned 3. has not discovered 4. have already finished 5. underlined 6. a row of 7. reached 8. height 归纳与作业 Summary & Homework Summary:Vocabulary—underline, row, primary, reach, height;Grammar—现在完成时(构成、用法、时间副词、与一般过去时的区别)。 Homework:Review the key words, expressions, sentence patterns and grammar in today's lesson. 复习本课重点词汇、短语、句型与语法。Make five sentences with the grammar in today's lesson. 用本课语法造五个句子。 对照板书自查现在完成时规则体系; 记录两项作业:复习词汇语法;用现在完成时造五个句子(just/already/yet/never/always 各一句)。 作业设计(分层) 【基础·必做】抄写并记忆十组不规则动词过去分词与五词搭配,完成结构表填空。 【提升·选做】Make five sentences with the grammar in today's lesson. 用现在完成时造五个句子(just/already/yet/never/always 各一句)。 【拓展·挑战】用「过去不接纳→现在已接纳」的时间线写一段话描述自己的外貌接纳经历(一般过去时与现在完成时交替使用)。 板书设计 Unit 1 This is me — The present perfect tense (1) 现在完成时 构成:have/has + 过去分词(三单 has,其他人称 have;haven't/hasn't) 用法:①过去行为对现在的影响(I have entered lots of competitions.)②到目前为止已完成(I have seen the film.) 时间副词:just(刚刚)/already(已经)在 have/has 后|yet(还未)在否定句句末 vs 一般过去时:现在完成时强调对现在的影响(Where have you put my book?)|一般过去时陈述过去具体时间(I put it on your desk yesterday.) 教学评价与反思 1. 目标—评价对应(教-学-评一体化): 素养目标 课堂评价任务与证据 语言能力:掌握现在完成时并灵活运用 五句写句;四句改写;随堂检测八题 文化意识:接纳外貌多样性 结对讨论接纳经历 学习能力:自主归纳语法规则 课文例句归纳;不规则分词分组记忆 思维品质:语法分析与举一反三 对话情境时态判断说理 2. 预设反思点: 不规则分词按 AAA/ABA 型分组当堂抢答,降低背诵负担;「强调什么」判断标准要配两组情境对话反复演练,让学生自己说理由;改写题先找 Now/I'm still 信号词再动笔,规则内化更稳;结对讨论明确「过去用一般过去时、已接受用现在完成时」的双时态要求,语法落地有抓手。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Understanding ideas (Grammar) 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语外研版八年级上册
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Unit 1 Understanding ideas (Grammar) 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语外研版八年级上册
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Unit 1 Understanding ideas (Grammar) 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语外研版八年级上册
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