精品解析：天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校2026-2027学年上学期高一级部第一次限时训练英语学科试卷

天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校26-27（上） 高一级部第一次限时训练英语学科试卷 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试用时70分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上。考试结束后，交回答题卡。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分90分） 第一节：单项填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. All the songs were performed very skillfully at the concert last night—I enjoyed the last one ______. A. in return B. in panic C. in particular D. in order 2. When coming across a word you don’t know, you can try to guess the meaning of the word from the ________. A. context B. misadventure C. collection D. performance 3. I forget to ________ the clock. What time is it? A. burn up B. figure out C. wind up D. fill in 4. In the face of failure in exams, what we need to do is to ________ our learning methods and make some possible adjustments. A. graduate from B. leave behind C. comment on D. reflect on 5. — Let’s go and have a good drink tonight. — ________. Have you got the first prize in the competition? A. What for? B. Thanks a lot. C. Yes, I’d like to. D. Why not? 6. The crowd cheered loudly ________ their team entering the stadium. A. in memory of B. at the sight of C. with the help of D. at the cost of 7. — I didn’t do well enough in my maths exam again. — ________. You’re actually making progress. A. What a pity B. Hold your head up C. You never know D. I’m sorry for you 8. We had a good many anxious worries but everything ________ to be all right in the end. A. came across B. focused on C. turned out D. settled for 9. It’s probably OK to eat them raw (未烹制的), but it’s best to ________ by cooking them. A. go all out B. jump in with both feet C. play safe D. be small potatoes 10. —Learning a language isn’t easy. It takes time. —I agree. ________. There’s no short cut. A. Never have a frog in your throat B. Don’t pull up your socks. C. Never have butterflies in your stomach D. Rome wasn’t built in a day 第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 I had a busy to-do list today and was about to get started when my sister called. I talked with her for a short time and could ____11____ my seven-year-old niece (侄女，外甥女) in the background, full of energy as always, and getting blamed for something. I ____12____ to speak with her, both because I love talking to her and because I was ____13____ that I could help redirecting (使改变方向) some of her energy in a more ____14____ direction and give my sister a break. I listened and talked with her on the phone, giving her as much ____15____ as she needed to share her thoughts and ____16____ herself. The conversation went for quite a while. ____17____ my time, she gifted me her funny stories and sense of ____18____. She said the cutest things that always ____19____ me and caused me to laugh out loud. She told me about her friend’s birthday party, which ____20____ a cake, chocolate ice cream, and sand art! Then there were ____21____ about her new little brother, cute animals she saw recently and of course, the weather Forty minutes later she ____22____, saying. “Well, I should ____23____ have let you get going.” At one point in the conversation my ____24____ had turned back to my “to-do” list, but then I consciously (有意识地) turned it back to her. I chose to be ____25____ with her and give my full attention to her so that she ____26____ important and special. ____27____, she is indeed important and special. Children are so precious (宝贵的) and ____28____ so fast And we can learn so much from them, including the ____29____ they see the world. When choosing between my niece and my to-do list, I ____30____ that chores and errands (差事) could wait — every time. 11. A. memorize B. meet C. observe D. hear 12. A. happened B. promised C. asked D. had 13. A. hoping B. imagining C. realizing D. insisting 14. A. positive B. serious C. confusing D. unusual 15. A. energy B. relaxation C. space D. time 16. A. enjoy B. express C. forget D. teach 17. A. Instead of B. Thanks to C. In exchange for D. In addition to 18. A. relief B. humor C. achievement D. responsibility 19. A. annoyed B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. interested 20. A. created B. included C. stored D. sold 21. A. stories B. dreams C. articles D. reports 22. A. continued B. finished C. explained D. explored 23. A. typically B. significantly C. probably D. secretly 24. A. mood B. feeling C. decision D. mind 25. A. familiar B. present C. strict D. confident 26. A. felt B. became C. proved D. remained 27. A. Enormously B. Currently C. Actually D. Regularly 28. A. grow B. study C. begin D. appear 29. A. change B. process C. way D. direction 30. A. argued B. proved C. debated D. believed 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） Heroes Stamp Design Competition Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp. Eight designs will be chosen for this stamp series from the Royal Mail. One of the designs could be yours. There are 120 great prizes on offer for area winners and runners-up. Plus, cash prizes for the winning schools too. Stamp Designing The stamp design will be based on your hero or heroes of the coronavirus pandemic. The past year has been very difficult for so many people. There are countless frontline workers and volunteers who have continued to work tirelessly to keep the country moving. Being a stamp designer is a very skilled job. One of the jobs of a stamp designer is to reduce the size of a picture to fit the stamp. When designing your stamp, have a think about what kind of image of your hero or heroes would make a good miniature (微型的) design for a stamp. The final stamps produced will be about 3.7cm wide×3.5cm high. Things to consider  Your stamp design must be drawn on the official competition entry form (报名表) which your teacher will give you.  Your design must be your own original work.  Drawings must be flat, so please don’t stick any materials or textures (纹理) to your design.  Please use lots of colour (no black and white images) in your design.  Please avoid using highlighter pens (荧光笔). Good Luck The closing date for the competition is 28th May. Please ask your teacher, or parent, for one of the official entry forms. You’re then ready to start designing! We can’t wait to see all of the amazing designs from gifted children across the country. Good Luck! 31. Who would probably take part in the competition? A. Students. B. Doctors. C. School teachers. D. Professional designers. 32. What do we know about the competition? A. It will begin on 28th May. B. It is for a series of four stamps. C. It asks competitors to honour heroes on their stamps. D. It will provide each competing school with cash prizes. 33. What’s the requirement for the size of your stamps? A. About 3.5cm wide×3.5cm high. B. About 3.7cm wide×3.7cm high. C. About 3.5cm wide×3.7cm high. D. About 3.7cm wide×3.5cm high. 34. What is a requirement for the stamp design? A. It should be black and white. B. It should be drawn with highlighter pens. C. It should be flat with textures. D. It should be drawn on a given form. 35. The author writes the text mainly to . A. advertise for some newly issued stamps B. send a notice about designing stamps C. call on people to respect modern heroes D. encourage people to be frontline workers B A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全能运动) which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning. The race was set in the French Alps. Setting off at 6:15 am on Friday, 39-year-old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations (幻觉), but she pushed on — managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes. Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life-saving surgery. Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women’s health. In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female’s health. Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said, “I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong. I wanted to do it in five days, and I did, but it was very tough. I had some low moments, particularly when I couldn’t sleep in my limited rest periods, and when I couldn’t keep any food down as I was running. For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge. But every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.” Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30,000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4,000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc. You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this. She completed her first three-mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four. 36. What brought Andrea Mason so much joy? A. She joined a race. B. She defeated cancer. C. She finished a marathon in five days. D. She finished a triathlon lately. 37. What might the underlined word “diagnosed” in paragraph 2 mean? A. cured B. asked C. kept in hospital D. identified 38. What is the purpose of Andrea’s creating her own charity? A. To help the poor women. B. To promote women’s health. C. To focus on women’s life. D. To raise the status of women. 39. When did Andrea become doubtful during the running? A. When she couldn’t eat. B. When she couldn’t sleep. C. When she was running at night. D. When she met too many difficulties. 40. What made Andrea finish the race successfully? A. Her strong willpower. B. Her family’s support. C. Thinking of other women who might have cancer. D. Thinking of other women who had more pain. It’s hair-raising news for criminals on the run. Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins in a single strand of their hair. While the police already look at DNA from hair as part of investigations, the technique is far from ideal: DNA is easily degradable, meaning it can only be analyzed within a certain time period after the crime. But the new technique could even be used to solve historical or archaeological cases, making it far superior to DNA sequencing in many ways. DNA degradation depends on several environmental factors including temperature, humidity and PH. It is also affected by the activity of bacteria and other microorganisms. In contrast, actual hairs can survive for a long time — sometimes centuries. After bones and teeth, hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human body. In order to understand how the protein can be used to identify individuals, it is important to understand mat proteins are coded by DNA. This means that a certain level of the genetic variation that we see in different people’s DNA passes into their proteins. In fact, genetic information in the DNA is translated into amino-acid chains that make up proteins. The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from, so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples. But while the discovery is exciting, the technique is not quite polished enough to be used in the court room. The main task now will be to analyze hair samples from all over the world, which will make it a lot more reliable. The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts, at a time when some forensic disciplines have been criticized in the US. It will also be of great use in archaeology. 41. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. DNA evidence is far from ideal. B. Criminals on the run get hair-raising news. C. Scientists are planning a test of human hair. D. Humans can be identified by proteins in hair. 42. Which evidence is more reliable for the police to identify a criminal? A. Lost teeth. B. The footprint. C. Personal belongings. D. Damaged DNA. 43. In what way is the new technique superior to DNA test? A. Serving as evidence in courts. B. Possessing genetic information. C. Inferring the height of a person. D. Distinguishing the region of a person. 44. What will scientists do in the following few years? A. Test hair samples worldwide. B. Legalize the hair evidence. C. Apply protein-test to archaeology. D. Map the structure of DNA. 45. Who will welcome the discovery? A. Criminals. B. Employers. C. Hairdressers. D. Archaeologists. Many of us are more likely to praise someone with low self-esteem (自尊心) than someone with high self-esteem because we think their need for positive comments is greater. However, it is found that compliments (夸奖) might not benefit people with low self-esteem at all, and can even make them feel uncomfortable. In one study, college students with low self-esteem showed a stronger preference for keeping their current roommate if that roommate viewed them negatively, than if their roommate saw them more positively. Why did they prefer the company of a person who regarded them poorly? The answer is that people actively seek to confirm (证实，确认) their own views of themselves, whether those are positive or negative. When our self-esteem is low, positive comments become difficult for us to absorb because it goes against our existing self-beliefs. And if we believe we’re incapable of success, receiving praise about how capable we are can feel like a set-up for future disappointment. The resistance people with low self-esteem have to compliments can be especially obvious when the praise comes from their partners. Giving people with low self-esteem praise about being considerate (体贴的) was enough to make them feel more insecure (不安全的) about their partners and even view their entire relationship more negatively. Praise will make them become more distant and withdrawn (孤立的), as they hope unconsciously to lower their partner’s expectations by doing so. The connection between low self-esteem and a resistance to compliments should not be over-explained. People with low self-esteem are often uncomfortable receiving compliments but not everyone who is uncomfortable receiving compliments necessarily has low self-esteem. For example, it is much more acceptable to praise children in some cultures than in others and it is much more acceptable to express positive regard to adults in some cultures than in others. The bottom line is: give thought to the listener when you voice a compliment and consider whether you should express it at all if you suspect their self-esteem is low. 46. What do we know about people with low self-esteem? A. They tend to feel lonely in a group. B. They need greater positive comments. C. They are often unwilling to praise others. D. They often don’t like to be praised. 47. When our self-esteem is low, we often judge others’ comments according to ________. A. whether they are positive or not B. whether they make us appear unique C. whether they agree with our self-beliefs D. whether they can improve our self-confidence 48. How do people with low self-esteem respond to compliments from their partners? A. They become closer to their partners. B. They react negatively to their partners’ praise. C. They feel more secure about their relation. D. They try to do better to meet their partners’ expectations. 49. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Children need more compliments than criticism. B. Receiving criticism makes people more confident. C. Adults feel more comfortable receiving compliments. D. Praise can be influenced by cultural background. 50. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. What makes some people hate compliments? B. How to praise people in a right way? C. What can we learn from others’ compliments? D. How to help people overcome low self-esteem? 第II卷（非选择题）（共10分） 注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二部分：根据中文和提示，翻译句子（每小题2分，共10分） 51. 他正在吃早餐， 忽然一个陌生人闯了进来。(when) (汉译英) 52. 这些活动不但帮助他们获得更多的技巧，也教会他们去关爱别人。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 53. 说到她的善良，我有很多故事要讲。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 54. 我盼望今年夏天去英国度假。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 55. 它是新生逐步了解学校和其他学生的一个极好的机会。(It’s a...) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市南开中学滨海生态城学校26-27（上） 高一级部第一次限时训练英语学科试卷 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试用时70分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上。考试结束后，交回答题卡。 祝各位考生考试顺利! 第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分90分） 第一节：单项填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. All the songs were performed very skillfully at the concert last night—I enjoyed the last one ______. A. in return B. in panic C. in particular D. in order 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在昨晚的音乐会上，所有的歌曲都演奏得非常巧妙——我特别喜欢最后一首。A. in return作为回报；B. in panic惊慌地；C. in particular特别地；D. in order有秩序地。结合句意可知，此处表示“特别”是最后一首歌，应为in particular。故选C项。 2. When coming across a word you don’t know, you can try to guess the meaning of the word from the ________. A. context B. misadventure C. collection D. performance 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到不认识的单词时，你可以试着从上下文里猜测这个词的意思。 A. context上下文、语境； B. misadventure意外事故、不幸遭遇； C. collection收集、收藏品； D. performance表现、表演。根据When coming across a word you don’t know可知，要从上下文里猜测这个词的意思。故选A。 3. I forget to ________ the clock. What time is it? A. burn up B. figure out C. wind up D. fill in 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我忘了给钟上发条。几点了？A. burn up烧毁；消耗；B. figure out弄清楚；解决；C. wind up上发条；D. fill in填写。根据句中的What time is it?可知，说话人肯定是忘了给钟上发条了，所以才会问别人时间。故选C项。 4. In the face of failure in exams, what we need to do is to ________ our learning methods and make some possible adjustments. A. graduate from B. leave behind C. comment on D. reflect on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对考试的失败，我们需要做的是反思我们的学习方法，并作出一些可能的调整。A. graduate from从……毕业；B. leave behind忘记，遗忘；C. comment on对……作出评论；D. reflect on反思。由make some possible adjustments可知，句子表示“面对考试的失败，我们需要做的是反思我们的学习方法”，空格处意为“反思”。故选D。 5. — Let’s go and have a good drink tonight. — ________. Have you got the first prize in the competition? A. What for? B. Thanks a lot. C. Yes, I’d like to. D. Why not? 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——今晚我们去好好喝一杯吧。——为什么呢？你在比赛中得了一等奖吗？A. What for?为什么；B. Thanks a lot.非常感谢；C. Yes, I’d like to.是的，我愿意；D. Why not?为什么不呢。根据“Have you got the first prize in the competition?”可知，对方对去喝酒的原因感到疑惑，A选项“What for?”符合语境。故选A项。 6. The crowd cheered loudly ________ their team entering the stadium. A. in memory of B. at the sight of C. with the help of D. at the cost of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：人群一看到他们的队伍进入体育场就大声欢呼。A. in memory of 为了纪念…… ；B. at the sight of 一看到……；C. with the help of在……的帮助下；D. at the cost of以……为代价。人群“一看到”队伍进场，就大声欢呼。故选B。 7. — I didn’t do well enough in my maths exam again. — ________. You’re actually making progress. A. What a pity B. Hold your head up C. You never know D. I’m sorry for you 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我的数学考试又没考好。——别垂头丧气的，你实际上正在取得进步。A. What a pity真遗憾；B. Hold your head up抬起头来，别垂头丧气的；C. You never know很难说；D. I’m sorry for you我为你感到遗憾。根据“You’re actually making progress”可知，此处是在鼓励对方，B选项“Hold your head up”符合语境。故选B项。 8. We had a good many anxious worries but everything ________ to be all right in the end. A. came across B. focused on C. turned out D. settled for 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们有很多担心，但最后一切都好起来了。A. came across偶遇；B. focused on专注于；C. turned out结果是，证明是；D. settled for将就，勉强接受。由in the end可知，最后一切都好起来了，空格处意为“结果是，证明是”，故选C。 9. It’s probably OK to eat them raw (未烹制的), but it’s best to ________ by cooking them. A. go all out B. jump in with both feet C. play safe D. be small potatoes 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：生吃可能是可以的，但为了安全起见，最好是煮熟。A. go all out全力以赴；B. jump in with both feet不假思索地投入；C. play safe谨慎行事，保守地做；D. be small potatoes微不足道的事物。由by cooking them可知，为了安全起见，最好是煮熟，空格处意为“谨慎行事，保守地做”。故选C。 10. —Learning a language isn’t easy. It takes time. —I agree. ________. There’s no short cut. A. Never have a frog in your throat B. Don’t pull up your socks. C. Never have butterflies in your stomach D. Rome wasn’t built in a day 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查英语谚语 / 习语。句意：——学语言不容易，需要花时间。——我同意，罗马不是一天建成的。没有捷径可走。 A. Never have a frog in your throat别说话时声音嘶哑 / 发不出声； B. Don’t pull up your socks别振作起来； C. Never have butterflies in your stomach别感到紧张不安；D. Rome wasn’t built in a day罗马不是一天建成的。根据There’s no short cut可知，罗马不是一天建成的，没有捷径可走。故选D。 第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 I had a busy to-do list today and was about to get started when my sister called. I talked with her for a short time and could ____11____ my seven-year-old niece (侄女，外甥女) in the background, full of energy as always, and getting blamed for something. I ____12____ to speak with her, both because I love talking to her and because I was ____13____ that I could help redirecting (使改变方向) some of her energy in a more ____14____ direction and give my sister a break. I listened and talked with her on the phone, giving her as much ____15____ as she needed to share her thoughts and ____16____ herself. The conversation went for quite a while. ____17____ my time, she gifted me her funny stories and sense of ____18____. She said the cutest things that always ____19____ me and caused me to laugh out loud. She told me about her friend’s birthday party, which ____20____ a cake, chocolate ice cream, and sand art! Then there were ____21____ about her new little brother, cute animals she saw recently and of course, the weather Forty minutes later she ____22____, saying. “Well, I should ____23____ have let you get going.” At one point in the conversation my ____24____ had turned back to my “to-do” list, but then I consciously (有意识地) turned it back to her. I chose to be ____25____ with her and give my full attention to her so that she ____26____ important and special. ____27____, she is indeed important and special. Children are so precious (宝贵的) and ____28____ so fast And we can learn so much from them, including the ____29____ they see the world. When choosing between my niece and my to-do list, I ____30____ that chores and errands (差事) could wait — every time. 11. A. memorize B. meet C. observe D. hear 12. A. happened B. promised C. asked D. had 13. A. hoping B. imagining C. realizing D. insisting 14. A. positive B. serious C. confusing D. unusual 15. A. energy B. relaxation C. space D. time 16. A. enjoy B. express C. forget D. teach 17. A. Instead of B. Thanks to C. In exchange for D. In addition to 18. A. relief B. humor C. achievement D. responsibility 19. A. annoyed B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. interested 20. A. created B. included C. stored D. sold 21. A. stories B. dreams C. articles D. reports 22. A. continued B. finished C. explained D. explored 23. A. typically B. significantly C. probably D. secretly 24. A. mood B. feeling C. decision D. mind 25. A. familiar B. present C. strict D. confident 26. A. felt B. became C. proved D. remained 27. A. Enormously B. Currently C. Actually D. Regularly 28. A. grow B. study C. begin D. appear 29. A. change B. process C. way D. direction 30. A. argued B. proved C. debated D. believed 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者陪外甥女聊天的故事，虽然作者很忙，有很多事情要去做，但是还是花费时间陪伴外甥女，让她觉得自己很重要，很特别。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和她简短地聊了几句，能听到我七岁的外甥女在背景中，像往常一样充满活力，正因某事被责备。A. memorize记忆；B. meet遇见；C. observe观察；D. hear听到。根据上文的“I talked with her for a short time”和下文的“in the background”可知，作者在打电话，所以在背景声音中听到七岁的外甥女的声音。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要求和她说话，既因为我喜欢和她聊天，也因为我希望我能帮她把精力引向更积极的方向，让我姐姐休息一下。A. happened发生；B. promised承诺；C. asked要求，请求；D. had有。根据下文的“both because I love talking to her and because I was ____ ”可知，作者要求和外甥女说话。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要求和她说话，既因为我喜欢和她聊天，也因为我希望我能帮她把精力引向更积极的方向，让我姐姐休息一下。A. hoping希望；B. imagining想象；C. realizing意识到；D. insisting坚持。根据下文的“I could help redirecting (使改变方向) some of her energy in a more ____ direction and give my sister a break.”可知，外甥女受到了责备，作者希望改变她受责备的情绪，将其转移到更积极的方向。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我要求和她说话，既因为我喜欢和她聊天，也因为我希望我能帮她把精力引向更积极的方向，让我姐姐休息一下。A. positive积极的，良好的，有益的；B. serious严肃的；C. confusing困惑的；D. unusual不寻常的。 根据上文的“redirecting some of her energy”和常理可知，作者肯定是帮外甥女把精力引向更积极的方向。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在电话里倾听并与她交谈，给她足够的时间来分享她的想法和表达自己。A. energy精力；B. relaxation放松；C. space空间；D. time时间。根据下文的“to share her thoughts and ____ herself”可知，作者给外甥女足够的时间，让她在这段时间里分享和表达自己。故选D。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在电话里倾听并与她交谈，给她足够的时间来分享她的想法和表达自己。A. enjoy享受；B. express表达；C. forget忘记；D. teach教。根据上文的“I listened and talked with her on the phone”和“to share her thoughts”可知，作者的外甥女在交谈中叙述自己的有趣的故事，所以此处表示作者让外甥女分享自己的想法和表达自己。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为对我时间的回报，她给了我她有趣的故事和幽默感。A. Instead of而不是；B. Thanks to多亏了；C. In exchange for作为……的回报/交换；D. In addition to除了……之外。根据下文的“she gifted me her funny stories and sense of ____ ”可知，作者奉献了自己的时间，作为交换，外甥女分享给作者有趣的故事和幽默感。这里指“作为……的回报”。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为对我时间的回报，她给了我她有趣的故事和幽默感。A. relief减轻；B. humor幽默；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“her funny stories”可知，外甥女说了一些话，使得作者非常开心，所以此处表示外甥女分享了她的有趣故事和幽默感。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说了一些最可爱的话，总是引起我的兴趣，让我大笑。A. annoyed使烦恼；B. embarrassed使尴尬；C. puzzled使困惑；D. interested使感兴趣。根据下文的“caused me to laugh out loud”可知，外甥女的话让作者感兴趣。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我她朋友的生日派对，包括蛋糕、巧克力冰淇淋和沙画！A. created创造；B. included包括；C. stored储存；D. sold销售。根据下文的“a cake, chocolate ice cream, and sand art”可知，此处表示生日聚会包括蛋糕、巧克力冰淇淋和沙圆。这里指“包括”。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是关于她的新弟弟的故事、她最近看到的可爱动物，当然还有天气的故事。A. stories故事；B. dreams梦想；C. articles文章；D. reports报告。根据上文的“she gifted me her funny stories”和下文的“about her new little brother, cute animals she saw recently and of course, the weather”可知，外甥女与作者分享了很多故事，此处表示关于她的小弟弟、她最近看到的可爱的动物还有天气的故事。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：四十分钟后她结束了通话，说：“嗯，我应该让你继续你的事情。”A. continued继续；B. finished结束；C. explained解释；D. explored探索。 根据下文的“saying. ‘Well, I should ____ have let you get going.’”可知，这里指“结束了通话”，让作者继续做自己的事情。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：四十分钟后她结束了通话，说：“嗯，我应该让你继续你的事情。”A. typically典型地；B. significantly显著地；C. probably可能；D. secretly秘密地。根据“have let you get going”可知，这次谈话结束后，外甥女意犹未尽，认为或许还能与作者多交流一会。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在谈话过程中，我的注意力曾一度回到我的“待办事项”清单上，但随后我有意识地又把它转回到她身上。A. mood心情；B. feeling感觉；C. decision决定；D. mind注意力。 根据下文的“turned back to my “to-do” list, but then I consciously (有意识地) turned it back to her”可知，作者与外甥女的谈话中，偶尔想到自己的事情，但是最终还是将思想关注于听外甥女诉说。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我选择和她在一起，全神贯注地倾听她，让她感到自己很重要、很特别。A. familiar熟悉的；B. present在场的；C. strict严格的；D. confident自信的。根据下文的“give my full attention to her”可知，作者选择陪伴外甥女，在她交谈时一直在场，全神贯注于她。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择和她在一起，全神贯注地倾听她，让她感到自己很重要、很特别。A. felt感到；B. became变成；C. proved证明；D. remained保持。根据上文的“give my full attention to her”和下文的“important and special”可知，作者全神贯注地倾听她，肯定是为了让外甥女感到自己很重要、很特别。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，她确实很重要、很特别。A. Enormously巨大地；B. Currently目前；C. Actually实际上；D. Regularly定期地。根据下文的“she is indeed important and special”可知，孩子们确实很重要、很特别。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们是如此宝贵，而且成长得如此之快。A. grow成长；B. study学习；C. begin开始；D. appear出现。根据上文的“children”和下文的“so fast”可知，孩子们成长很快，所以孩子是宝贵的。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以从他们身上学到很多东西，包括他们看待世界的方式。A. change变化；B. process过程；C. way方式；D. direction方向。根据下文的“they see the world”可知，这里指孩子们看世界的方式。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当在外甥女和我的待办事项之间做出选择时，我相信家务和差事可以等等——每次都是这样。A. argued争吵；B. proved证明；C. debated争论；D. believed相信，认为。根据下文的“chores and errands (差事) could wait”可知，作者做出决定，认为家务和差事可以等待。故选D。 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） Heroes Stamp Design Competition Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp. Eight designs will be chosen for this stamp series from the Royal Mail. One of the designs could be yours. There are 120 great prizes on offer for area winners and runners-up. Plus, cash prizes for the winning schools too. Stamp Designing The stamp design will be based on your hero or heroes of the coronavirus pandemic. The past year has been very difficult for so many people. There are countless frontline workers and volunteers who have continued to work tirelessly to keep the country moving. Being a stamp designer is a very skilled job. One of the jobs of a stamp designer is to reduce the size of a picture to fit the stamp. When designing your stamp, have a think about what kind of image of your hero or heroes would make a good miniature (微型的) design for a stamp. The final stamps produced will be about 3.7cm wide×3.5cm high. Things to consider  Your stamp design must be drawn on the official competition entry form (报名表) which your teacher will give you.  Your design must be your own original work.  Drawings must be flat, so please don’t stick any materials or textures (纹理) to your design.  Please use lots of colour (no black and white images) in your design.  Please avoid using highlighter pens (荧光笔). Good Luck The closing date for the competition is 28th May. Please ask your teacher, or parent, for one of the official entry forms. You’re then ready to start designing! We can’t wait to see all of the amazing designs from gifted children across the country. Good Luck! 31. Who would probably take part in the competition? A. Students. B. Doctors. C. School teachers. D. Professional designers. 32. What do we know about the competition? A. It will begin on 28th May. B. It is for a series of four stamps. C. It asks competitors to honour heroes on their stamps. D. It will provide each competing school with cash prizes. 33. What’s the requirement for the size of your stamps? A. About 3.5cm wide×3.5cm high. B. About 3.7cm wide×3.7cm high. C. About 3.5cm wide×3.7cm high. D. About 3.7cm wide×3.5cm high. 34. What is a requirement for the stamp design? A. It should be black and white. B. It should be drawn with highlighter pens. C. It should be flat with textures. D. It should be drawn on a given form. 35. The author writes the text mainly to . A. advertise for some newly issued stamps B. send a notice about designing stamps C. call on people to respect modern heroes D. encourage people to be frontline workers 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一则通知。介绍了面向4到14岁孩子的邮票设计大赛。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp.( 欢迎参加英雄邮票设计大赛！我们邀请4-14岁的儿童来设计一张邮票)”可知，4到14岁的孩子应是以学生居多，因此推断学生们很可能参加这场比赛。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The stamp design will be based on your hero or heroes of the coronavirus pandemic. ( 邮票的设计将基于你的一个英雄或多个冠状病毒大流行期间的英雄。)”可知，比赛要求参与者在邮票上纪念英雄。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The final stamps produced will be about 3.7cm wide×3.5cm high.( 最后发行的邮票宽约3.7厘米，高约3.5厘米。)”可知，邮票的尺寸要求为3.7*3.5。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据部分的“Your stamp design must be drawn on the official competition entry form (报名表) which your teacher will give you. (你的邮票设计必须画在你的老师发给你的正式比赛参赛表格上。)”可知，邮票应该画在给予的表格上。故选D。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Welcome to the Heroes Stamp Design Competition! Children aged 4-14years are invited to design a stamp. Eight designs will be chosen for this stamp series from the Royal Mail. One of the designs could be yours. There are 120 great prizes on offer for area winners and runners-up. Plus, cash prizes for the winning schools too.(欢迎参加英雄邮票设计比赛!邀请4-14岁的小朋友设计邮票。英国皇家邮政将为这套邮票挑选八款设计。其中一个设计可能是你的。有120个伟大的奖品提供给地区冠军和亚军。此外，获奖学校也会获得现金奖励。)”可推断，文章讲述的是一次邮票设计大赛的相关事宜，因此推断作者的目的是发送关于邮票设计的通知。故选B。 B A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全能运动) which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning. The race was set in the French Alps. Setting off at 6:15 am on Friday, 39-year-old Mason battled through severe pain, and hallucinations (幻觉), but she pushed on — managing to complete the race in an impressive four days, 23 hours, and 41 minutes. Andrea had been diagnosed with cancer and needed life-saving surgery. Following a successful operation, she is now hoping to raise awareness of women’s health. In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female’s health. Andrea, from Blackpool in Lancashire, England, said, “I am so happy all went according to plan as there were so many things that could have gone wrong. I wanted to do it in five days, and I did, but it was very tough. I had some low moments, particularly when I couldn’t sleep in my limited rest periods, and when I couldn’t keep any food down as I was running. For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark. It was bigger than I imagined, the impact on my body was huge. But every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.” Andrea had to swim 23 miles around Lake Annecy, cycle 205 miles with 30,000 feet of vertical climbing around Mont Blanc, and run 105 miles with 4,000 feet of vertical climbing around The Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc. You could say Andrea’s actually spent a lifetime training for an event like this. She completed her first three-mile race “powered by chocolate bars” when she was just four. 36. What brought Andrea Mason so much joy? A. She joined a race. B. She defeated cancer. C. She finished a marathon in five days. D. She finished a triathlon lately. 37. What might the underlined word “diagnosed” in paragraph 2 mean? A. cured B. asked C. kept in hospital D. identified 38. What is the purpose of Andrea’s creating her own charity? A. To help the poor women. B. To promote women’s health. C. To focus on women’s life. D. To raise the status of women. 39. When did Andrea become doubtful during the running? A. When she couldn’t eat. B. When she couldn’t sleep. C. When she was running at night. D. When she met too many difficulties. 40. What made Andrea finish the race successfully? A. Her strong willpower. B. Her family’s support. C. Thinking of other women who might have cancer. D. Thinking of other women who had more pain. 【答案】36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了癌症幸存者安德里亚·梅森凭借强大意志，克服剧痛与幻觉完成法国阿尔卑斯山 “从海到巅峰” 三项全能赛事，成为首位完赛的女性；她分享了参赛的心路历程，还创办慈善机构推广女性健康理念。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A cancer survivor has become the first woman to complete an exhausting “Sea to Summit” triathlon (三项全能运动) which saw her swim, cycle, and run over 330 miles in just five days. Andrea Mason was overjoyed when she crossed the finish line early Wednesday morning.(一位癌症康复者成为首位完成高强度‘从大海到顶峰’三项全能赛事的女性，她在短短五天内完成了游泳、骑行与长跑，总里程超330英里。安德里亚·梅森在周三清晨冲过终点线时欣喜万分。)”可知，让安德里亚·梅森如此开心的原因是她近期完成了这项三项全能赛事。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中画线词“diagnosed”后面的“needed life-saving surgery(需要接受救命手术)”可知，她是在确认患上癌症后才接受手术；由“患病”与“接受手术”之间的因果关系可推知，画线词含有“被确诊、被识别出（患病）”之意，与identified的含义最接近。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the past year, Andrea set up her own charity, Lady Talk Matters, in order to improve surrounding female’s health.(在过去一年里，安德里亚创立了自己的慈善机构Lady Talk Matters，旨在改善周边女性的健康状况。)”可知，安德里亚创办慈善机构的目的是促进女性健康。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For sure I had some doubts along the way as I was exploring the unknown with such a huge run, particularly as large parts of it were in the dark.(赛程漫长未知，途中我确实产生过自我怀疑，尤其是在大部分路段都漆黑一片的时候。)”可知，安德里亚在夜间跑步时会产生动摇和自我怀疑。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But every time I felt like giving up, I thought about all the women out there in pain or who still hadn’t been diagnosed. That is why I put myself through this.(但每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想到那些正在承受病痛、或是尚未得到确诊的女性。这就是我坚持下来的原因。)”可知，想到其他可能患癌的女性是支撑安德里亚成功完赛的动力。 It’s hair-raising news for criminals on the run. Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins in a single strand of their hair. While the police already look at DNA from hair as part of investigations, the technique is far from ideal: DNA is easily degradable, meaning it can only be analyzed within a certain time period after the crime. But the new technique could even be used to solve historical or archaeological cases, making it far superior to DNA sequencing in many ways. DNA degradation depends on several environmental factors including temperature, humidity and PH. It is also affected by the activity of bacteria and other microorganisms. In contrast, actual hairs can survive for a long time — sometimes centuries. After bones and teeth, hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human body. In order to understand how the protein can be used to identify individuals, it is important to understand mat proteins are coded by DNA. This means that a certain level of the genetic variation that we see in different people’s DNA passes into their proteins. In fact, genetic information in the DNA is translated into amino-acid chains that make up proteins. The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from, so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples. But while the discovery is exciting, the technique is not quite polished enough to be used in the court room. The main task now will be to analyze hair samples from all over the world, which will make it a lot more reliable. The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts, at a time when some forensic disciplines have been criticized in the US. It will also be of great use in archaeology. 41. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. DNA evidence is far from ideal. B. Criminals on the run get hair-raising news. C. Scientists are planning a test of human hair. D. Humans can be identified by proteins in hair. 42. Which evidence is more reliable for the police to identify a criminal? A. Lost teeth. B. The footprint. C. Personal belongings. D. Damaged DNA. 43. In what way is the new technique superior to DNA test? A. Serving as evidence in courts. B. Possessing genetic information. C. Inferring the height of a person. D. Distinguishing the region of a person. 44. What will scientists do in the following few years? A. Test hair samples worldwide. B. Legalize the hair evidence. C. Apply protein-test to archaeology. D. Map the structure of DNA. 45. Who will welcome the discovery? A. Criminals. B. Employers. C. Hairdressers. D. Archaeologists. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家找到了通过头发中的蛋白质来识别人类的方法。介绍了这种方法的优势以及未来的发展方向。 【41题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s hair-raising news for criminals on the run. Scientists behind a new study have worked out how to identify individuals only based on the proteins in a single strand of their hair.(这对在逃罪犯来说是令人毛骨悚然的消息。一项新研究的科学家们已经找到了仅根据一缕头发中的蛋白质来识别个人的方法)”并结合下文内容可知，文章主旨是可以通过头发中的蛋白质来识别人类。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“After bones and teeth, hair is in fact one of the most resistant structures of the human body.(事实上，除了骨骼和牙齿，头发是人体最具抵抗力的结构之一)”可知，选项中A选项“丢失的牙齿”是警察能识别罪犯的更可靠的证据。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The method not only allows for human identification but it can also reveal how old the sample is and what region it comes from, so that we can distinguish between current and ancient samples.(这种方法不仅可以进行人体鉴定，还可以揭示样本的年龄和来自哪个地区，这样我们就可以区分现在的样本和古代的样本)”可知，这种新技术在区分一个人的地域方面优于DNA测试。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The main task now will be to analyze hair samples from all over the world, which will make it a lot more reliable.(现在的主要任务将是分析来自世界各地的头发样本，这将使其更加可靠)”可知，在接下来的几年里，科学家们会全球测试头发样本。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The new discovery will boost the significance of hair as evidence in courts, at a time when some forensic disciplines have been criticized in the US. It will also be of great use in archaeology.(这项新发现将提高头发作为证据在法庭上的重要性，目前一些法医学科在美国受到批评。它在考古学上也会有很大的用处)”推知，考古学家将欢迎这种新发现。故选D。 Many of us are more likely to praise someone with low self-esteem (自尊心) than someone with high self-esteem because we think their need for positive comments is greater. However, it is found that compliments (夸奖) might not benefit people with low self-esteem at all, and can even make them feel uncomfortable. In one study, college students with low self-esteem showed a stronger preference for keeping their current roommate if that roommate viewed them negatively, than if their roommate saw them more positively. Why did they prefer the company of a person who regarded them poorly? The answer is that people actively seek to confirm (证实，确认) their own views of themselves, whether those are positive or negative. When our self-esteem is low, positive comments become difficult for us to absorb because it goes against our existing self-beliefs. And if we believe we’re incapable of success, receiving praise about how capable we are can feel like a set-up for future disappointment. The resistance people with low self-esteem have to compliments can be especially obvious when the praise comes from their partners. Giving people with low self-esteem praise about being considerate (体贴的) was enough to make them feel more insecure (不安全的) about their partners and even view their entire relationship more negatively. Praise will make them become more distant and withdrawn (孤立的), as they hope unconsciously to lower their partner’s expectations by doing so. The connection between low self-esteem and a resistance to compliments should not be over-explained. People with low self-esteem are often uncomfortable receiving compliments but not everyone who is uncomfortable receiving compliments necessarily has low self-esteem. For example, it is much more acceptable to praise children in some cultures than in others and it is much more acceptable to express positive regard to adults in some cultures than in others. The bottom line is: give thought to the listener when you voice a compliment and consider whether you should express it at all if you suspect their self-esteem is low. 46. What do we know about people with low self-esteem? A. They tend to feel lonely in a group. B. They need greater positive comments. C. They are often unwilling to praise others. D. They often don’t like to be praised. 47. When our self-esteem is low, we often judge others’ comments according to ________. A. whether they are positive or not B. whether they make us appear unique C. whether they agree with our self-beliefs D. whether they can improve our self-confidence 48. How do people with low self-esteem respond to compliments from their partners? A. They become closer to their partners. B. They react negatively to their partners’ praise. C. They feel more secure about their relation. D. They try to do better to meet their partners’ expectations. 49. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. Children need more compliments than criticism. B. Receiving criticism makes people more confident. C. Adults feel more comfortable receiving compliments. D. Praise can be influenced by cultural background. 50. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. What makes some people hate compliments? B. How to praise people in a right way? C. What can we learn from others’ compliments? D. How to help people overcome low self-esteem? 【答案】46. D 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了低自尊者常抗拒夸奖，因赞美与其自我认知冲突，反致不适；文化差异也会影响赞美的接受度，所以建议夸奖别人前应先考量对方自尊水平与文化背景。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, it is found that compliments (夸奖) might not benefit people with low self-esteem at all, and can even make them feel uncomfortable. (然而，研究发现，赞美可能对自卑的人一点好处也没有，甚至会让他们感到不舒服。)”可知，夸奖低自尊的人有可能会使他们不舒服，他们并不愿意被人赞美。故选D项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When our self-esteem is low, positive comments become difficult for us to absorb because it goes against our existing self-beliefs. And if we believe we’re incapable of success, receiving praise about how capable we are can feel like a set-up for future disappointment. (当我们的自尊不高时，积极的评论对我们来说很难接受，因为它违背了我们现有的自我信念。如果我们认为自己没有能力成功，那么接受别人对我们有能力的赞扬就像是为未来的失望埋下了陷阱。)”可知，假如我们是低自尊这样的情况，我们会看对方的赞美是否与我们自己的自我认知一致。故选C项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Giving people with low self-esteem praise about being considerate (体贴的) was enough to make them feel more insecure (不安全的) about their partners and even view their entire relationship more negatively. Praise will make them become more distant and withdrawn (孤立的), as they hope unconsciously to lower their partner’s expectations by doing so. (表扬那些自尊心低的人体贴，足以让他们对自己的同伴感到更不安全，甚至更消极地看待他们的整个关系。赞美会让他们变得更加疏远和孤僻，因为他们希望无意识地通过这样做来降低同伴的期望。)”可知，低自尊的人对自己同伴的赞美是抗拒的，会消极看待他们的赞美。故选B项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“People with low self-esteem are often uncomfortable receiving compliments but not everyone who is uncomfortable receiving compliments necessarily has low self-esteem. For example, it is much more acceptable to praise children in some cultures than in others and it is much more acceptable to express positive regard to adults in some cultures than in others. (低自尊的人通常不愿意接受赞美，但并不是每个不愿意接受赞美的人都是低自尊的人。例如，在一些文化中，赞美孩子比其他文化更容易被接受，在一些文化中，对成年人表达积极的尊重比其他文化更容易被接受。)”可知，人们对赞美的接受程度受文化背景的影响。故选D项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many of us are more likely to praise someone with low self-esteem (自尊心) than someone with high self-esteem because we think their need for positive comments is greater. However, it is found that compliments (夸奖) might not benefit people with low self-esteem at all, and can even make them feel uncomfortable. In one study, college students with low self-esteem showed a stronger preference for keeping their current roommate if that roommate viewed them negatively, than if their roommate saw them more positively. (比起自尊心强的人，我们中的许多人更有可能赞美自尊心弱的人，因为我们认为自尊心弱的人更需要积极的评价。然而，研究发现，赞美可能对自卑的人一点好处也没有，甚至会让他们感到不舒服。在一项研究中，低自尊的大学生表现出更强烈的倾向，如果他们现在的室友对他们持消极态度，而不是他们的室友对他们持积极态度。)”及第四段“For example, it is much more acceptable to praise children in some cultures than in others and it is much more acceptable to express positive regard to adults in some cultures than in others. (例如，在一些文化中，赞美孩子比其他文化更容易被接受，在一些文化中，对成年人表达积极的尊重比其他文化更容易被接受。)”可知，本文主要讲并不是所有人都喜欢被赞美或夸奖，并解释了哪些因素导致人们讨厌别人的赞美，例如被赞美者的自尊程度和自我认知，此外文化背景也会对此有影响。故选A项。 第II卷（非选择题）（共10分） 注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二部分：根据中文和提示，翻译句子（每小题2分，共10分） 51. 他正在吃早餐， 忽然一个陌生人闯了进来。(when) (汉译英) 【答案】He was having breakfast when a stranger burst in. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。分析句意可知，本句可用固定句型be doing……when表示“正在做……突然……”。表示“吃早餐”可用短语have breakfast；表示“一个陌生人”可用短语a stranger；表示“闯进来”可用短语burst in。故答案为He was having breakfast when a stranger burst in。 52. 这些活动不但帮助他们获得更多的技巧，也教会他们去关爱别人。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】These activities not only help them gain more skills, but also teach them to care for others. 【解析】 【详解】表示“这些活动”用these activities，作主语，句首单词首字母大写。表示“帮助某人做某事”用help sb. (to) do sth.，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用help。表示“获得更多的技巧”用gain more skills，用省略to的不定式作宾补。表示“不但……而且……”用not only...but also...，连接两个并列的谓语部分；表示“教会他们去关爱别人”用teach them to care for others。 53. 说到她的善良，我有很多故事要讲。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Speaking of her kindness, I have many stories to tell. 【解析】 【详解】本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。“说到她的善良”置于句首作状语，“说到”的英语是speaking of，“她的善良”译为her kindness，整合为Speaking of her kindness；“我有很多故事要讲”译为I have many stories to tell，动词不定式to tell作后置定语修饰many stories，两者是逻辑上的动宾关系。 54. 我盼望今年夏天去英国度假。（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I look forward to going to the UK for my holiday this summer. 【解析】 【详解】本句强调“我”的想法，时态可以用一般现在时。“我盼望”译为I look forward to，其后要接动名词作宾语；“去英国度假”的英语是go to the UK for my holiday，要变为动名词结构going to the UK for my holiday；“今年夏天”放在句末作时间状语，译为this summer。 55. 它是新生逐步了解学校和其他学生的一个极好的机会。(It’s a...) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s a wonderful opportunity for freshmen to gradually learn about the school and other students. 【解析】 【详解】“它是新生逐步了解学校和其他学生的一个极好的机会”采用“It’s a...”结构。主语“它”译为代词It；系动词“是”译为is；表语“一个极好的机会”译为名词词组a wonderful opportunity；“是新生”可理解为“对新生来说”，用介词短语for freshmen作状语；“逐步了解学校和其他学生的”作定语，修饰名词opportunity，应用动词不定式短语to gradually learn about the school and other students。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $