华夏文脉·历史名城与文化传承-2027届高考英语一轮复习讲义

华夏文脉·历史名城与文化传承 高考英语跨版本一轮复习讲义 【武汉·南京·杭州·重庆特色版】 人教/外研/北师/译林 四版本整合 【说明】建议2课时：第1课时词汇+默写，第2课时写作+讲评。答案附第四部分。本版新增"一句多译"专项，练语法转换。 讲义定位 一、话题定位 本话题归"人与社会"，子话题：重大政治历史事件、文化渊源。武昌首义拉开近代民主革命序幕；南京六朝古都，明孝陵、秦淮河见证千年；杭州南宋故都，良渚玉琮、西湖烟雨；重庆巴渝发祥地，山城灯火、抗战陪都。四城即中华文明传承四张名片。高考年年考：文化遗产保护、文明交流互鉴、文化自信。 二、跨版本单元链 版本 主链单元 支线/拓展 人教版 必修二 Unit 4 History and Traditions；必修二 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 选必四 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions（标志性景点） 外研版 选必三 Unit 3 War and Peace（近代史/武昌首义/抗战陪都） — 北师大版 — 选必四 Unit 12 Innovation（科技保护文物） 译林版 选必三 Unit 3 Back to the Past 必修三 Unit 3 The World Online（数字博物馆/线上传承） 三、高考占比 近五年高频：阅读考文化遗产、古城变迁、文明交流；完形考历史叙事、文化融合；语法填空高频——非谓语（过去分词作定语）、派生词（achieve→achievement、evident→evidence）、have sth done。应用文考过家乡介绍、文化交流信；续写考过历史场景、文化传承。significant、belong、charge、amount、acknowledge、preserve反复考。 四、复习方法 ①过课本：四版本相关单元单词、课文全过；②串话题：文化遗产+历史事件+文明交流+家国情怀串记；③练题：高考风格句子小试，应用文练家乡介绍，续写积累历史语料。 第一部分 基础知识清单 一、核心词汇精讲（14个，按考频精选） 1. significant 【考频】★★★★★ adj. 重要的；显著的 【搭配】be of great significance = be very significant；significantly adv.；significance n. ★【重点】be+of+抽象名词：be of great significance = be very significant，写作升级必背。 ⚠【易错】significantly副词修饰动/形；significance名词，常考of+抽象名词。 【写作】历史事件评价写作高频，用be of great significance替代very important。 【例句】Historians agree that the 1911 Wuchang Uprising is of great significance in modern Chinese history, as it overthrew the Qing Dynasty and founded the Republic. 　　　历史学家一致认为，1911年武昌起义在中国近代史上具有重大意义，它推翻了清朝，建立了共和国。 【小试牛刀】The ______ (significant) of the Wuchang Uprising cannot be overstated, since it marked the first time that Chinese revolutionaries succeeded in overthrowing a thousand-year-old monarchy. 　　　武昌起义的意义怎么强调都不为过，因为它标志着中国革命者首次成功推翻了延续千年的君主制。 2. belong 【考频】★★★★★ vi. 属于；应在某处 【搭配】belong to；belongings n.财物；a sense of belonging 归属感 ★【重点】belong to不用于进行时和被动；作定语用belonging to。 ⚠【易错】不能说is belonged to；作后置定语用belonging，不用belonged。 【写作】介绍文物归属写作高频，a sense of belonging用于文化自信主题。 【例句】The West Lake, which belongs to everyone who loves natural beauty and Chinese poetry, has inspired countless artists over centuries. 　　　西湖属于每一个热爱自然美景和中国诗歌的人，几个世纪以来激发了无数艺术家的灵感。 【小试牛刀】The ancient bridge, ______ (belong) to the Ming Dynasty and ______ (consider) a masterpiece of Chinese engineering, has been well preserved for over 600 years. 　　　这座古桥属于明代，被认为是中国工程的杰作，已完好保存了600多年。 3. charge 【考频】★★★★☆ n.&vt. 收费；指控；主管；充电 【搭配】charge sb money for sth；charge sb with sth；take charge of；in charge of；in the charge of；free of charge ★【重点】in charge of（人负责）vs in the charge of（物被负责），高考高频辨析。 ⚠【易错】控告搭配with，收费搭配for。 【写作】博物馆/景点介绍写作常用free of charge、take charge of。 【例句】The museum in Nanjing, which is in charge of a team of experienced curators, offers free guided tours to students from nearby schools. 　　　南京博物馆由一支经验丰富的策展团队负责，为附近学校的学生提供免费导览。 【小试牛刀】The temple, which is ______ ______ ______ ______ a local monk who has devoted his life to its preservation, attracts thousands of visitors every year, all admitted ______ ______ charge. 　　　这座寺庙由一位毕生致力于保护它的当地僧人管理，每年吸引数千名游客，全部免费入场。 4. amount 【考频】★★★★☆ n.&vi. 数量；总计 【搭配】a large amount of+不可数（谓单）；large amounts of+不可数（谓复）；amount to=come to=add up to ★【重点】amount to三个同义短语，写作升级用。⚠可数名词复数正式写作推荐a large number of/quantities of。 ⚠【易错】a large amount of谓单，large amounts of谓复，主谓一致易错。 【写作】描述文物数量、资金投入写作常用amount to。 【例句】The cultural relics at Dazu Rock Carvings, which amount to over 50,000 statues carved over 400 years, represent one of the greatest achievements of Chinese religious art. 　　　大足石刻的文物总计超过5万尊雕像，雕刻历时400多年，代表了中国宗教艺术最伟大的成就之一。 【小试牛刀】Large amounts of cultural relics ______ (be) on display at the new exhibition hall, and the total value amounts ______ millions of dollars, according to museum officials. 　　　据博物馆官员称，大量文物在新展厅展出，总价值达数百万美元。 5. ensure 【考频】★★★★☆ vt. 保证；确保 【搭配】ensure that...；ensure sth/sb sth；ensure the safety of... ★【重点】ensure后接that从句或直接接名词，"确保文物安全"写作高频。 ⚠【易错】及物动词直接接宾语，不说ensure for；ensure sb from不标准。 【写作】文化遗产保护写作高频，ensure that... / ensure the safety of...。 【例句】Strict measures ensure the safety of the Three Gorges relics, which were threatened by rising water. 　　　严格的措施确保了三峡文物的安全，这些文物曾受到水位上涨的威胁。 【小试牛刀】The local government has taken strict measures ______ (ensure) that the ancient town is well preserved for future generations. 　　　当地政府采取了严格措施，确保古镇为后代完好保存。 6. eager 【考频】★★★☆☆ adj. 热切的；渴望的 【搭配】be eager to do；be eager for；eagerness n.；eagerly adv. ★【重点】be eager to = be dying to = long to，高级替换。 ⚠【易错】后接不定式to do；with eagerness热切地。 【写作】描述游客心情写作常用be eager to explore/visit。 【例句】Visitors from home and abroad are eager to explore the history of ancient Nanjing, which served as the capital of six dynasties over a period of 1,700 years. 　　　国内外游客热切渴望探索古都南京的历史，南京在1700年间曾是六朝古都。 【小试牛刀】______ (eager) to learn about Bayu culture and the history of Chongqing, the tourists signed up for a guided tour of the ancient town, which is known for its well-preserved stilt houses. 　　　游客们渴望了解巴渝文化和重庆历史，报名参加了古镇导览游，该镇以保存完好的吊脚楼闻名。 7. acknowledge 【考频】★★★★☆ vt. 承认；公认；感谢 【搭配】acknowledge doing/having done；acknowledge sb as/to be；It is widely acknowledged that... ★【重点】It is widely acknowledged that...写作高级开头=People generally agree that... ⚠【易错】后接动名词doing，不接不定式。 【写作】议论文开头高级句型It is widely acknowledged that...。 【例句】It is widely acknowledged that the Liangzhu Site, which dates back 5,300 years, is a wonder of Chinese civilization and a crucial proof of the 5,000-year history of China. 　　　人们普遍认为，距今5300年的良渚遗址是中华文明的奇迹，也是中国5000年历史的重要证据。 【小试牛刀】It is widely ______ (acknowledge) that the West Lake, which has inspired poets and painters for centuries, has shaped the poetic imagination of Chinese scholars more than any other landscape. 　　　人们普遍认为，几个世纪以来激发了无数诗人和画家灵感的西湖，比任何其他景观都更深刻地塑造了中国文人的诗意想象。 8. insist 【考频】★★★★☆ vi.&vt. 坚决要求；坚持说 【搭配】insist on (doing) sth；insist that...（要求→虚拟(should)do；坚称→陈述语气） ★【重点】insist两种语气：坚决要求用虚拟，坚持说用陈述，高考难点。 ⚠【易错】insist on后接名词/动名词，不接不定式。 【写作】文化传承主题可用insist on passing down...。 【例句】We should insist on passing down our traditional culture from generation to generation, regardless of the influence of globalization. 　　　我们应该坚持将传统文化代代相传，不管全球化的影响如何。 【小试牛刀】The experienced tour guide insisted that we ______ (stay) together when visiting the historic site, and insisted that the temple ______ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty, making it over 1,200 years old. 　　　经验丰富的导游坚决要求我们参观古迹时待在一起，并坚持说这座寺庙可追溯到唐代，已有1200多年历史。 9. astonish 【考频】★★★☆☆ vt. 使惊讶 【搭配】be astonished to do；be astonished at/by；to one’s astonishment；astonishing/astonished adj. ★【重点】to one’s astonishment = to the astonishment of sb，写作高级短语。 ⚠【易错】astonishing（事物令人惊讶）vs astonished（人感到惊讶），高频辨析。 【写作】描述文物发现/古镇震撼用to one’s astonishment。 【例句】To our astonishment, the Dazu Rock Carvings, which we had expected to be a single site, turned out to consist of 70 sites spread across a 100-square-kilometer area. 　　　令我们惊讶的是，我们原以为大足石刻是单一遗址，结果却由分布在100平方公里区域内的70处遗址组成。 【小试牛刀】______ our astonishment, the ancient town has remained almost unchanged for over a thousand years, with its stone streets and wooden houses still in their original condition. 　　　令我们惊讶的是，这座古镇一千多年来几乎保持不变，石板路和木屋仍保持原貌。 10. preserve 【考频】★★★★☆ vt. 保护；保存 【搭配】preserve...from...；preservation n.；well-preserved adj. ★【重点】preserve=保持原貌/传承（文化遗产优先）；protect=免受伤害；conserve=节约资源/自然保护。 ⚠【易错】preserve后接from，from是介词接doing。 【写作】文化遗产保护写作核心词，well-preserved描写古迹。 【例句】The old town of Chongqing, which has been well preserved over centuries, shows its original Bayu architectural style, with stilt houses built along the river. 　　　重庆古镇历经数百年完好保存，展现了原始的巴渝建筑风格，沿河建有吊脚楼。 【小试牛刀】The ancient town, which ______ (preserve) well for centuries and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracts millions of visitors every year. 　　　这座古镇几个世纪以来保存完好，现已成为联合国教科文组织世界遗产，每年吸引数百万游客。 11. surround 【考频】★★★☆☆ vt. 围绕；包围 【搭配】be surrounded by/with；surrounding adj.；surroundings n.环境 ★【重点】be surrounded by描写地理位置，写四城必用。 ⚠【易错】surroundings名词复数"环境"；surrounding形容词"周围的"。 【写作】描写城市地理位置必用be surrounded by mountains/rivers。 【例句】Chongqing is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides, with the Yangtze and Jialing Rivers flowing through its center. 　　　重庆是一座美丽的城市，三面环山，长江和嘉陵江穿城而过。 【小试牛刀】______ by mountains on three sides and ______ (cross) by two rivers, Chongqing is known as the "Mountain City" and the "Foggy City". 　　　重庆三面环山，两条河流穿城而过，被称为"山城"和"雾都"。 12. contribution 【考频】★★★★☆ n. 贡献 【搭配】make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth；contribute v. ★【重点】make a contribution to中to是介词，接动名词。 ⚠【易错】contribute to=make contributions to"有助于"，to是介词。 【写作】文化贡献/历史人物评价写作常用make a contribution to。 【例句】Ancient Chinese scholars made great contributions to world civilization, from papermaking and printing to the compass and gunpowder. 　　　中国古代学者对世界文明做出了巨大贡献，从造纸术、印刷术到指南针和火药。 【小试牛刀】Sima Qian, who is known as the "Grand Historian", made a great contribution to ______ (record) the history of the Han Dynasty and the previous 2,000 years in his famous work Records of the Grand Historian. 　　　被称为"太史公"的司马迁在其名著《史记》中为记录汉代及此前2000年的历史做出了巨大贡献。 13. declare 【考频】★★★☆☆ vt. 宣布；宣战；申报 【搭配】declare war on；declare sth open；declare that...；declaration n. ★【重点】declare war on"宣战"，历史话题高频搭配。 ⚠【易错】后接名词或that从句；Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》。 【写作】历史事件叙述写作常用declare independence/war on。 【例句】In 1911, revolutionaries in Wuchang declared the independence of Hubei, marking the beginning of the 1911 Revolution that overthrew the Qing Dynasty. 　　　1911年，武昌革命者宣布湖北独立，标志着推翻清朝的辛亥革命的开始。 【小试牛刀】In 1911, revolutionaries in Wuchang, ______ had planned the uprising for months, declared ______ (independent) and fired the first shot of the 1911 Revolution. 　　　1911年，筹划起义数月的武昌革命者宣布独立，打响了辛亥革命的第一枪。 14. conquer 【考频】★★★☆☆ vt. 征服；克服 【搭配】conquer a country；conquer difficulties；conqueror n. ★【重点】既可指"征服国家"也可指"克服困难"，一词多义常考。 ⚠【易错】过去式conquered；conqueror名词"征服者"。 【写作】历史事件叙述可用conquer，克服困难引申义写作加分。 【例句】The ancient city was conquered by different dynasties over centuries, each leaving its own cultural mark and contributing to the rich mix we see today. 　　　这座古城几个世纪以来被不同朝代征服，每个朝代都留下了自己的文化印记，促成了我们今天看到的丰富融合。 【小试牛刀】The ancient kingdom, which ______ (conquer) by invading armies centuries ago, has left behind a rich cultural heritage that can still be seen in the local traditions today. 　　　这个古老王国几个世纪前被入侵军队征服，留下了丰富的文化遗产，至今仍可在当地传统中看到。 二、词形变化（语法填空高频） 词根 名词 形容词 副词 ★achieve achievement achievable — ★evidence evidence evident evidently ★defend defence/defense defensive defensively ★locate location located — ★fascinate fascination fascinating/-ed fascinatingly ★generous generosity generous generously ★violent violence violent violently ★strike strike striking strikingly ★harmony harmony harmonious harmoniously ★influence influence influential — ★astonish astonishment astonishing/-ed astonishingly ★adopt adoption adopted — 三、重点语块 cultural heritage 文化遗产 historical relics 历史文物 date back to 追溯到 be located in 位于 be surrounded by 被环绕 be known as 被称为 have a great influence on 对…影响大 pass down 传承 from generation to generation 世代相传 take charge of 负责 in charge of 主管 free of charge 免费 break away from 脱离 belong to 属于 as well as 和 on behalf of 代表 regardless of 不管 have an impact on 影响 make a contribution to 贡献 declare war on 宣战 a sense of belonging 归属感 Wuchang Uprising 武昌起义 Yellow Crane Tower 黄鹤楼 West Lake 西湖 Qinhuai River 秦淮河 Six Dynasties 六朝 ancient capital 古都 Mountain City 山城 Foggy City 雾都 Bayu culture 巴渝文化 Three Gorges 三峡 hot pot 火锅 cultural confidence 文化自信 UNESCO World Heritage 世界遗产 well-preserved 保存完好 national pride 民族自豪 四、重点句型 1. It is widely acknowledged that... 人们普遍认为…… 原句：It is widely acknowledged that the Liangzhu Site is a wonder of Chinese civilization. 仿写：人们普遍认为黄鹤楼是武汉的象征。 ________ ________ ________ that the Yellow Crane Tower is the symbol of Wuhan. 2. With + 宾语 + 宾补（with复合结构） 原句：The old town is a feast for the eyes, with its rolling hills dotted by ancient temples. 仿写：重庆三面环山，夜景迷人。 ________ the city ________ (surround) by mountains, the night view of Chongqing is breathtaking. 3. Not only...but also... 不仅……而且……（倒装） 原句：Not only does Nanjing have a long history, but it is also a modern cultural center. 仿写：杭州不仅有西湖，还有深厚的南宋文化。 Not only ________ Hangzhou ________ the West Lake, ________ it also has rich Southern Song culture. 4. It is/was...that... 强调句 原句：It was the Wuchang Uprising in 1911 that marked the beginning of modern China. 仿写：正是在武昌，革命者打响了第一枪。 ________ ________ in Wuchang ________ the revolutionaries fired the first shot. 5. 特殊疑问词+do you think...? 你认为……？ 原句：What do you think William said about his hometown? 仿写：你认为是什么让南京成为六朝古都？ What do you think ________ Nanjing the capital of six dynasties? 五、重点语法——have sth done（使役结构） 结构 含义 例句 have sth done 让别人做；遭遇某事 They had castles built all around England. have sb do sth 让某人做（主动） The teacher had the students read aloud. have sb/sth doing 让某人一直做/某物持续 Don’t have the fire burning all night. have sth to do 有某事要做（自己做） I have a lot of homework to do tonight. 【点津】写作套："We had our old temple rebuilt..."说文物修缮；结尾用"have our cultural heritage well preserved"升华。 第二部分 默写检测 A组 基础过关 Ⅰ. 核心词块默写（中译英） 1.文化遗产____ 2.历史文物____ 3.追溯到____ 4.位于____ 5.被环绕____ 6.被称为____ 7.对…影响大____ 8.传承____ 9.世代相传____ 10.负责____ 11.由…负责____ 12.免费____ 13.脱离____ 14.把…连接____ 15.属于____ 16.代表____ 17.不管____ 18.影响____ 19.留下____ 20.把…称作____ 21.贡献____ 22.宣战____ 23.归属感____ 24.民族自豪____ Ⅱ. 派生词默写 1.achieve→____ 2.evidence→____ 3.defend→____ 4.locate→____ 5.fascinate→____ 6.announce→____ 7.generous→____ 8.violent→____ 9.strike→____ 10.crowd→____ 11.harmony→____ 12.prove→____ 13.influence→____ 14.finance→____ 15.astonish→____ Ⅲ. 短语填空 1. The Yellow Crane Tower, which ______ ______ ______ the Three Kingdoms period and has been rebuilt no fewer than seven times due to wars and natural disasters, attracts millions of visitors who come to enjoy the panoramic view of the Yangtze River winding through the city. 2. The West Lake in Hangzhou, which ______ ______ ______ everyone who loves natural beauty and Chinese poetry, has been the subject of countless paintings and poems composed by literary giants over the past ten centuries. 3. We must ______ ______ ______ ______ protecting our cultural heritage, as it is the very root of our national identity and the solid foundation upon which our cultural confidence has been built. 4. Nanjing, ______ ______ the "Ancient Capital of Six Dynasties" over a period of 1,700 years, has a history that can be traced all the way back to the 5th century BC, making it one of the oldest cities in China. 5. The ancient town of Chongqing, ______ by mountains on three sides and ______ by the Yangtze and Jialing Rivers, is known as the "Mountain City" and the "Foggy City", a nickname derived from its unique geographical features. 6. Old customs and traditional crafts have been ______ ______ from generation to generation in these remote villages, where life has changed little over the centuries despite the rapid modernization taking place in nearby cities. Ⅳ. 单句语法填空 1. The ancient city wall, which ______ (date) back to the Ming Dynasty and ______ (restore) several times over the past five centuries, is now one of the most popular tourist attractions in the entire region. 2. Large amounts of money ______ (spend) on the protection of cultural relics in the past decade, but experts warn that much more still needs to be done if we are to save these irreplaceable treasures for future generations. 3. It is widely ______ (acknowledge) that the Wuchang Uprising, which took place on October 10, 1911, marked the beginning of modern Chinese history and changed the course of the nation forever. 4. The old temple, ______ (surround) by green hills and ______ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty, is visited by thousands of tourists every year, many of whom come specifically to admire its well-preserved wooden architecture. 5. He insisted that the historic site ______ (protect) at all costs, and insisted on ______ (stay) there personally to help with the preservation work, refusing to leave until he was certain everything was under control. 6. The ancient bridge, which ______ (belong) to the Song Dynasty and ______ (damage) in last year’s devastating flood, is now being repaired by a team of experts who specialize in the restoration of historical structures. 7. To our ______ (astonish), the ancient town, which we had expected to be completely modernized beyond recognition, has remained almost unchanged for over a thousand years, with its stone streets and wooden houses still in their original condition. 8. Local people have made great contributions to ______ (preserve) their traditional Bayu culture, which is now recognized as an indispensable part of China’s national cultural heritage and a source of pride for the entire region. 9. The experienced tour guide insisted that we ______ (stay) together when visiting the historic site, as some of the paths were narrow and dangerous, and he did not want anyone to get lost or injured. 10. It is ______ (evidence) that cultural heritage plays a vital role in shaping our national identity and promoting cultural confidence among young people, who are the future guardians of our traditions. Ⅴ. 完成句子 1. 人们普遍认为黄鹤楼是武汉的象征，它吸引了无数诗人和游客。(It is widely acknowledged that...) ________ ________ ________ that the Yellow Crane Tower is the symbol of Wuhan, attracting countless poets and visitors. 2. 重庆三面环山，夜景迷人，每年吸引数百万游客。(with复合结构) ________ the city ________ (surround) by mountains on three sides, the night view of Chongqing is breathtaking, attracting millions of visitors every year. 3. 杭州不仅有美丽的西湖，还有深厚的南宋文化底蕴，这使它成为热门旅游城市。(Not only倒装) Not only ________ Hangzhou ________ the beautiful West Lake, ________ it also has rich Southern Song culture, which makes it a popular tourist destination. B组 能力提升 Ⅰ. 熟词生义（判断加粗词在句中的含义） 1. The government declared the historic site a national protected area, providing funds for its restoration and promising to involve local communities in the long-term preservation effort. declared ____ 2. The custom, which has been passed down for generations through oral tradition and ritual practice, is still observed in remote mountain villages where modern influence has barely penetrated. passed down ____ 3. The ancient kingdom was conquered by invading armies after a decade-long war, but its culture survived and profoundly influenced the art and architecture of later dynasties. conquered ____ 4. The museum charges visitors 50 yuan for admission, a fee that goes entirely towards the preservation and restoration of its collection of rare cultural relics. charges ____ 5. He took charge of the restoration project after the old director retired unexpectedly, and led it to great success despite limited funding and a tight schedule. took charge of ____ Ⅱ. 词根构词（判断加粗词的含义，注词根） 1. Visitors should respect the ancient relics and refrain from touching them, as they are extremely fragile and cannot be replaced once damaged. respect ____（词根-spect看） 2. The expert carefully inspected every corner of the ancient temple, looking for hidden signs of structural damage caused by last year’s severe earthquake. inspected ____（词根-spect看） 3. The ancient port, which served as a vital stop on the Maritime Silk Road, once traded Chinese silk and porcelain for spices and gems from the West. port ____（词根-port运送） 4. The tradition has been passed down through countless generations, surviving wars, famines and dramatic social changes that swept across the region. passed ____（词根-pass通过） 5. We must reject any proposal that would damage the historic site, no matter how well-intentioned or economically attractive it may appear to be. reject ____（词根-ject投掷） Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. 武汉不仅是辛亥革命的发源地，还是一座充满活力的现代化城市，这让它成为中外游客眼中独特的旅游目的地。(Not only倒装) Not only ________ Wuhan the birthplace of the 1911 Revolution, ________ it is also a vibrant modern city, making it a unique tourist destination in the eyes of visitors from home and abroad. 2. 要不是当地村民数十年如一日的保护，这座古庙早就倒塌在历史的尘埃中了，我们也就永远看不到它的历史价值和艺术魅力。(without虚拟) ________ the protection of the local villagers over decades, the ancient temple ________ ________ ________ down into the dust of history long ago, and we would never have seen its historical value and artistic charm. 3. 南京的明孝陵属于明朝，是开国皇帝朱元璋的陵墓，也是中国现存规模最大的帝王陵寝之一，已被列入世界文化遗产名录。(belong to) The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing ________ ________ the Ming Dynasty, serving as the tomb of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and one of the largest imperial mausoleums ever built in China, and has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 4. 人们普遍认为良渚遗址是中华文明的发源地之一，它将中国有文字记载的文明史提前到了5000年前，有力地证明了中华文明的源远流长。(It is widely acknowledged that...) ________ ________ ________ that the Liangzhu Site is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization, pushing the recorded history of China back 5,000 years and providing strong evidence of the long-standing nature of Chinese civilization. 5. 经过文物专家多年的精心修缮，这座古镇终于恢复了昔日的风采，重新焕发出历史的生机，成为国内外知名的热门旅游景点。(have sth done) After years of careful restoration by heritage experts, the old town finally ________ its ancient glory ________ (bring) back to life, radiating historical vitality once again and becoming a well-known tourist attraction at home and abroad. 6. 正是西湖那如诗如画的美景激发了无数古代文人墨客的创作灵感，他们留下了成千上万首赞美西湖的诗篇，使西湖成为中国文化中最具代表性的景观之一。(强调句) ________ ________ the poetic beauty of the West Lake ________ inspired countless ancient scholars and poets, who left behind thousands of poems praising it and made it one of the most representative landscapes in Chinese culture. Ⅳ. 语篇填空（武汉） Wuhan, 1.____ (know) as the "City of Cranes", has a history of over 3,500 years, 2.____ makes it one of the oldest cities in China. At its heart stands the Yellow Crane Tower, which 3.____ (date) back to the Three Kingdoms period and has been rebuilt seven times. Countless poets and scholars have visited the tower, 4.____ (compose) famous poems that have been passed down through generations and are still recited by schoolchildren today. On October 10, 1911, a great uprising broke out in Wuchang. The revolutionaries declared the 5.____ (independent) of Hubei and fired the first shot of the 1911 Revolution, 6.____ marked the beginning of modern China and changed the fate of the nation forever. Today, the Wuchang Uprising Memorial Hall 7.____ (visit) by thousands of people every year, who come to pay their respects to the heroes who sacrificed their lives for the country. Wuhan is also a city 8.____ (surround) by the Yangtze River and the Han River, with the famous Yellow Crane Tower 9.____ (locate) on Snake Hill, offering a breathtaking view of the two rivers merging into one. It is widely acknowledged 10.____ Wuhan is a city that perfectly blends history and modernity, where ancient traditions coexist with cutting-edge technology. Ⅴ. 一句多译（新增题型——语法转换） 同一中文句，用括号提示的不同语法结构翻译，每题写2—3种。 1. 人们普遍认为西湖是中国最美的湖泊之一。 ①(It is widely acknowledged that...) ________________________________________ ②(People generally acknowledge that...) ________________________________________ ③(...be widely acknowledged to be...) ________________________________________ 2. 重庆三面环山，夜景迷人。 ①(with复合结构) ________________________________________ ②(过去分词作状语) ________________________________________ ③(定语从句) ________________________________________ 3. 正是在武昌，革命者打响了辛亥革命第一枪。 ①(强调句) ________________________________________ ②(It was not until...that...) ________________________________________ ③(Only倒装句) ________________________________________ 4. 我们必须保护文化遗产，使其代代相传。 ①(ensure that...) ________________________________________ ②(make sure that...) ________________________________________ ③(preserve...from... + pass down...) ________________________________________ 5. 这座古城保存完好，每年吸引数百万游客。 ①(现在分词作结果状语) ________________________________________ ②(定语从句) ________________________________________ ③(with复合结构) ________________________________________ 第三部分 写作板块 （一）应用文——演讲稿：我的家乡（历史文化名城） 1. 考情：家乡介绍类是高考高频，常考演讲稿、书信。要求含地理位置、历史、文化特色、个人感受。 2. 词块 位置：be located in / be surrounded by / be known as / lie in 历史：date back to / have a history of / be home to / cultural heritage 景观：striking scenery / fascinating night view / historical relics 感受：it is my great honour to... / leave a deep impression on / fall in love with 3. 范文 My Hometown—Chongqing Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It’s my great honour to introduce my hometown—Chongqing. Chongqing, known as the "Mountain City" for its mountains and "Foggy City" for its fog, is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides. The striking scenery attracts tourists worldwide. The fascinating night view, including millions of lights and their reflections on the rivers, will leave a deep impression on you. Due to the humid climate, people here have developed a preference for spicy hot pot, which is a special custom of Chongqing. People here are generous and hospitable, welcoming every tourist from home and abroad. If you come, you will definitely fall in love with it! Thank you! 4. 范文解析：开头点题→第二段known as过去分词作定语+surrounded by过去分词状语写地形→第三段which定语从句+welcoming现在分词写特色→结尾欢迎。全文约100词。 5. 可填模板 My Hometown—________ Dear fellow students, I’m Li Hua. It’s my great honour to introduce my hometown—________. ________, known as "________" for its ________, is surrounded by ________. The striking scenery attracts tourists worldwide. The fascinating ________ will leave a deep impression on them. Due to ________, people here have developed a preference for ________, which is a special custom of ________. People here are generous and hospitable, welcoming every tourist from home and abroad. If you come, you will definitely fall in love with it! Thank you! （二）读后续写——历史文化场景语料 【动作】walk through the gate 穿过古门 / touch the ancient stone 触摸古石 / read the inscription 读铭文 / climb the stone steps 爬石阶 / light the incense 点香 / bow before the statue 像前鞠躬 【情感】a sense of awe 敬畏感 / be filled with admiration 充满敬佩 / be lost in thought 陷入沉思 / eyes widened with wonder 惊奇睁眼 / hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 / be proud of 为…自豪 【环境】walls covered in moss 青苔古墙 / the temple bell 寺庙钟声 / lanterns casting warm glow 灯笼暖光 / stone paths worn by time 岁月石径 / scent of incense and old wood 香火古木气 / moonlight over rooftops 屋顶月光 核心句型仿写 ①doing伴随：He walked through the gate, looking up at the towering walls. 仿写：她沿秦淮河漫步，欣赏两岸古建。 ________________________________ ②with复合：With the temple bell ringing, the tourists fell silent. 仿写：灯笼暖光闪烁，古街格外宁静。 ________________________________ ③强调句：It was the ancient bell that told a thousand years of history. 仿写：正是黄鹤楼让武汉闻名天下。 ________________________________ ④Not only倒装：Not only did the city have a long history, but it also had a rich culture. 仿写：古镇不仅保存完好，还保留着传统习俗。 ________________________________ 第四部分 答案与解析 核心词汇小试牛刀答案 1 【答案】significance 【解析】定冠词the后接名词；the significance of"…的重要性"，后面since引导原因状语从句。 2 【答案】belonging; considered 【解析】两个并列过去分词/现在分词作定语：bridge和belong主动用belonging（=which belongs to），和consider被动用considered（=which is considered）。⚠belong无被动无进行。 3 【答案】in the charge of; free of 【解析】in the charge of"由……负责"（物作主语）；free of charge"免费"。⚠in charge of（人负责）vs in the charge of（物被负责）。 4 【答案】are; to 【解析】large amounts of+不可数谓复are；amount to"总计"。 5 【答案】to ensure 【解析】take measures to do"采取措施做"，不定式作目的状语。 6 【答案】Eager 【解析】形容词作状语，逻辑主语tourists和eager主动关系。 7 【答案】acknowledged 【解析】It is widely acknowledged that...被动语态。 8 【答案】(should) stay; dates 【解析】insist"要求"用虚拟(should)do；"坚称"用陈述dates。⚠两种语气是难点。 9 【答案】To 【解析】to one’s astonishment"令某人惊讶的是"。 10 【答案】has been preserved 【解析】古镇"被保存"，现在完成时被动。 11 【答案】Surrounded; crossed 【解析】两个并列过去分词作状语，逻辑主语Chongqing和surround/cross被动。 12 【答案】recording 【解析】make a contribution to中to是介词，接动名词。 13 【答案】who; independence 【解析】第一空定语从句先行词revolutionaries指人用who；第二空declare后接名词independence。 14 【答案】was conquered 【解析】王国"被征服"，一般过去时被动。 重点句型仿写答案 1 【答案】It is widely acknowledged 【解析】It is widely acknowledged that...it作形式主语。 2 【答案】With; surrounded 【解析】with+宾语+过去分词作宾补，city和surround被动。 3 【答案】does; have; but 【解析】Not only放句首倒装，does提前。 4 【答案】It was; that 【解析】强调句，强调地点状语in Wuchang。 5 【答案】made 【解析】make+名词+名词"使…成为…"。 A组 基础过关答案 Ⅰ.词块：1.cultural heritage 2.historical relics 3.date back to 4.be located in 5.be surrounded by 6.be known as 7.have a great influence on 8.pass down 9.from generation to generation 10.take charge of 11.in the charge of 12.free of charge 13.break away from 14.join...to... 15.belong to 16.on behalf of 17.regardless of 18.have an impact on 19.leave behind 20.refer to...as 21.make a contribution to 22.declare war on 23.a sense of belonging 24.national pride Ⅱ.派生词：1.achievement/achievable 2.evidence/evident/evidently 3.defence/defense/defensive/defensively 4.location/locate/located 5.fascination/fascinating/-ed 6.announcement/announcer 7.generosity/generously 8.violence/violent/violently 9.strike/striking 10.crowd/crowded 11.harmony/harmonious 12.proof/prove/proven 13.influence/influential 14.finance/financial 15.astonishment/astonishing/-ed Ⅲ.短语填空：1.dates back to 2.belongs to 3.attach great importance to 4.known as 5.surrounded; crossed 6.passed down Ⅳ.单句语法：1.dates; has been restored（date back to无被动+现在完成时被动） 2.have been spent（large amounts of谓复+现在完成时被动） 3.acknowledged（It is...that被动） 4.surrounded; dating（过去分词定语+现在分词定语） 5.(should) be protected; staying（insist虚拟+insist on doing） 6.belongs; was damaged（定语从句一般现在时+一般过去时被动） 7.astonishment（to one’s+名词） 8.preserving（to是介词） 9.(should) stay（insist虚拟） 10.evident（It is+形容词+that） Ⅴ.完成句子：1.It is widely acknowledged 2.With; surrounded 3.does; have; but B组 能力提升答案 Ⅰ.熟词生义：1.宣布为（国家保护区） 2.传承；流传 3.征服；占领 4.收费；要价 5.掌管；负责 Ⅱ.词根：1.尊重；尊敬 2.视察；检查 3.港口；口岸 4.传递；流传 5.拒绝；抵制 Ⅲ.完成句子：1.is; but（Not only倒装） 2.Without; would have fallen（without虚拟+与过去事实相反） 3.belongs to 4.It is widely acknowledged 5.had; brought（have sth done） 6.It was; that（强调句） Ⅳ.语篇填空：1.known（be known as过去分词作定语） 2.which（非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句） 3.dates（date back to无被动） 4.composing（现在分词伴随状语） 5.independence（declare+名词） 6.which（非限制性定语从句） 7.is visited（一般现在时被动） 8.surrounded（过去分词作定语） 9.located（with+宾语+过去分词作宾补） 10.that（It is acknowledged that主语从句） Ⅴ.一句多译参考答案 1. ①It is widely acknowledged that the West Lake is one of China’s most beautiful lakes. ②People generally acknowledge that the West Lake is one of China’s most beautiful lakes. ③The West Lake is widely acknowledged to be one of China’s most beautiful lakes. 2. ①With the city surrounded by mountains on three sides, Chongqing has a breathtaking night view. ②Surrounded by mountains on three sides, Chongqing has a breathtaking night view. ③Chongqing, which is surrounded by mountains on three sides, has a breathtaking night view. 3. ①It was in Wuchang that the revolutionaries fired the first shot of the 1911 Revolution. ②It was not until the Wuchang Uprising that the first shot was fired. ③Only in Wuchang did the revolutionaries fire the first shot. 4. ①We must ensure that our cultural heritage is well preserved and passed down. ②We must make sure that our cultural heritage is well preserved and passed down. ③We must preserve our cultural heritage from damage and pass it down. 5. ①The ancient city is well preserved, attracting millions of visitors yearly. ②The ancient city, which is well preserved, attracts millions of visitors yearly. ③With the ancient city well preserved, millions of visitors are attracted yearly. 续写仿写答案 ①She wandered along the Qinhuai River, enjoying the ancient buildings on both banks.（现在分词伴随） ②With the lanterns casting a warm glow, the ancient street looked exceptionally quiet.（with+宾补） ③It was the Yellow Crane Tower that made Wuhan famous nationwide.（强调句） ④Not only is the old town well preserved, but it also keeps traditional customs alive.（Not only倒装） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $