主题语境25 重大政治、历史事件、文化渊源-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（话题版）

的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitch 主题语境25 en in Washington.D.C.,which recov 语基验收复盘共赢 ers food and turns it into healthy meals. Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 Last year it recovered more than 807, 1.祖宗：祖先2.啤酒3.墓地：公墓 500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的) 4.孔子5.占领：征服；控制6.（英国、 produce that otherwise would have rot 爱尔兰的)郡：（美国的）县7.点：小（圆） ted in fields.And the strawberries?Vol- 点 加点；遍布8.盛宴；宴会：节日 unteers will wash,cut,and freeze or 9.王国：领域10.公馆：宅第11.军事 dry them for use in meals down the 的：军用的12.酒吧；酒馆13.吼叫；咆 road”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要 哮14.（使）翻滚：（使）滚动卷（轴）：翻 的食物重新制作食物。 滚 15.气昧：气息 4.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 “‘Everyone can play a part in reducing 1.amount 2.ancient 3.battle 4.charge waste,whether by not purchasing more 5.chief 6.courtyard 7,ensure 8.gal- food than necessary in your weekly lery 9.individual 10.landscape shopping or by asking restaurants to not 11.ocean 12.port 13.position 14.re include the side dish you won't eat, form 15,transfer Curtin says..”可知，科廷建议人们只买 用准用活 需要的东西来避免浪费食物。] 1.charged 2.chief 3.amount 4.en 素材积累 sure 5.position 6.reform 7.landscape (一)1.浪费2.结束3.扔掉4.一直： 8.individual 向来5.贡献力量：起作用6.配菜 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 7.种植水果8.减少食物消耗 1.achieve achievement achievable (二)1.留心的，注意的2.不假思索地 2.announce announcement announcer 轻率地3.道德4.冰箱：冷藏库 5.捐 3.approach approachable 4.crowd 赠物，捐赠6.非故意地，非存心地 crowded 5.current currency currently 7.不足，缺少，短缺8.不需要的，无用的 6.defend defence delensive 7.eager (三)1.ACD2.AC eagerness eagerly 8.evident evidence 长句缩写 9.exist existence existing 10.fasci Food waste goes against the moral grain. nate fascinating fascinated 11.gener 写作微练双向提能 ous generosity 12.greet greeting Part 1 Step 1 DAs the Internet devel- 13.locate location 14.poet poem ops rapidly apply for 2In a way poetry 15.puzzle puzzling puzzled type,signal,solve all kinds of problems 16.surround surrounding surroundings explore the moon have arisen 用准用活 5become crazy about computers ⑥fail 1.Currently 2.fascinating 3.puzzling in exams ⑦Anyhow play an important 4.achievements 5.crowded 6.greetings part in 7.generously 8.evident 9.surrounding Step 2 1 With the Internet developing surrounded surroundings 10.an rapidly,people can apply for jobs through nouncement 11.defence 12.eagerly the Internet 2 become so crazy about 13.existence 14.location 15.generosity computers that Part2分组背练短语 Step 3 先记牢第一组 With the Internet developing rapidly, 1.live on 2.run out of 3.serve as people can apply for jobs through the In 4.let out 5.break out 6.keep up ternet.In a way,computers have changed 第二组 our lives.People use them to type,sig 1.标出……界限2.同…一样：也：和 nal,solve all kinds of problems and even 3.用…办法：借助…4.与…合作 explore the moon.However,many new 或一起工作5.把……和…连接或联 problems have arisen.Many students be- 结起来 6.留心：提防 come so crazy about computers that they 再用准 spend too much time on them.As a result, 1.serve as 2.broke out 3.mark out some of the students fail in exams.Any- 4.as well as 5.by means of 6.run how computers play an important part in out of our lives. Part3句式教材迁移 Part 2 Step 2 Dwith his eyes fixed/fo composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang cused on a book 2 he raised/lifted his had castles built leading researchers to eves and looked out of the window believe that each one is a copy of a ③with innocent and curious eyes④low real soldier ered/dropped his eyes only to meet the 考点精研 高效练通 man's eyes 5 his eyes sparkling/shining 核心词汇·多维练透 with excitement l.①large amounts of money were②to Step 3 it is necessary to take a proper amount John sat beside the window,with his of exercise④大量研究证实了这一发现 eyes fixed/focused on a book.When he 2.①approached②keeping③With the finished the book,he raised/lifted his eyes Mid-Autumn Festival approaching At and looked out of the window.Singing the approach of 3.Ddefence 2myself happily,he gazed at the surroundings with ③from/against ④to defend his son innocent and curious eyes.Then noticing a 4.①Evidently ②that③It is evident man approaching,John first lowered/ that5.①in②on existence ③There dropped his eyes only to meet the man's exists a problem 6.Dpuzzling puzzled eyes.When he recognised who the visitor ②puzzles③puzzlement④a⑤What was,John opened his mouth wide,his eyes puzzles me most about the play 7.1 In sparkling/shining with excitement. this sense 2This sentence doesn't make ·407· 参考答案 sense③nake sense of it④In no sense should such a thing 经典句式·写作迁移 1.Dhave an important meeting to attend 2have your air conditioner working day and night if you don't have it repaired 2.Dresulting in an increase in production 2only to be told they were fired which allows me to communicate with visitors without delay allowing me to communicate with visitors without delay 提能加餐素养培优培优1 、I,1.按指定时间2.目不转睛地看： 凝视3.姿态，姿势4.找…商量 5.水流，潮流 Ⅱ.1.①C②A③B④D⑤E 2.①D②B③C④F⑤A 二，l.belonging2.defence3.achievements 4.fascinating 5.where 6.was surrounded 7.dotted 8.of 9.a 10.that 培优2真题再做 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章 主要介绍了19世纪30年代“便士报”的兴 起及美国报纸大众化的发展过程。 L.B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In addition,most newspapers ..visually forbidding.”可知，在19世纪30年代 前，大多数报纸对广大读者缺乏吸 引力。] 2.C[推理判断题。根据第二段首句以 及第三段中的“However,within a few years,.,eastern cities.”可知，“便士报” 指的是公众可广泛购得的报纸，“便士 报”有更多的读者，而正是街头销售使 其变得随处可见。] 3.B[细节理解题。根据最后一段首句 可知，“the man on the street”指“普通 人”门 4,A[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 及最后一段的第一句可知，“便士报”的 发展变化绝非发生在一夜之间，而是经 历了一个艰难的过程。] 素材积累 (一)1.少量的2.大众读者3.指的是 4.发生：举行5.没有兴趣做……6.使 某事发生：开始某种活动 (二)1.年度的：每年的年刊，年鉴 2.订阅；捐献3.公民：市民；居民4.形 象化地：外表上：看得见地5.革命 6.术语：词语 7.不昂贵的8.常见的 事：平常的事 (三)1.CA 2.A D 长句缩写 Newspapers were sold through subscrip- tions. 写作微练双向提能 Part 1 Step 1 marks the beginning of the new year 2In celebration of the fes tival various tasty dishes are prepared get together with their families set off fireworks④dress up⑤dating back to many years ago Step 2 DAs the most important tradi- tional festival,the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year,marking the beginning of the new year 2What makes children delighted is getting lucky money,which is a tradition dating back to many years ago Step 3 As the most important traditional fes- tival,the Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar year,marking the beginning 高考总复习英语(H) of the new year,In celebration of the fes第二组 tival,houses are cleaned,red couplets are 1.突然出现，冒出来2.一群；一束 put on the doors and various tasty dishes3.在…的历史上4.铺平道路；创造条 are prepared.On New Year'sEve,people件5.改革开放6.“一带一路”倡议 get together with their families to enjoy a 再用准 feast and set off fireworks.During the 1.As a result 2.popping up 3.with the New Year,people dress up and say"Hap- help of 4.deal with 5.In a way py New Year"to each other.In addition. 6.watches over what makes children delighted is getting Part3句式教材迁移 lucky money,which is a tradition dating back so that Now that he works and can take to many years ago. care of himself there is an urgent need to Part 2 Step 2 DI began to feel regret-does have potential benefits ful and guilty 2let out a cry of regret 考点精研高效练通 left me dumb with deep regret leaving 核心词汇·多维练透 me dumb with deep regret with re- l.①trends②trendy ③a trend for gretful tears in my eyes⑤With guilt and young people2.①in②advanced regret flowing in my mind ③advances④has made great advances Step 3 3.①with/against②for ③competition Looking at Anne's face wet with ④competitive⑤in a highly competitive tears,I began to feel regretful and guilty. market⑥你将与更少的游客竞争，省 Suddenly,Anne let out a cry of regret, 钱，体验热门景点不同的一面，并在旅游 “I'm so silly.”Then she dashed out before 业传统上较淡的时候促进经济发展。 I could say a word,leaving me dumb with 4.①convincing②of③to support deep regret.I froze there,with regretful ④convinced 5 Convinced that you like tears in my eyes.If only I had not quar paper-cutting5.①to educate②educa reled with Anne!Finally,with guilt and tion ③for an educated woman ④edu regret flowing in my mind,I rushed out to cators 6.Dat 2estimated that apologize to Anne. ④estimation⑤It is estimated that 主题语境26 T.①at②without③often has mercy 语基验收复盘共赢 on/shows mercy to is often merciful to Part1分类识记单词阅读单词·知其意 8.①occupying②Occupied③with Occupying herself in looking after three 1.善于分析的：分析（性）的2.人造的 人工的3.自助餐厅4.连环漫画滑 children at home Occupied in looking af 稽的5.戏装6.电子的，电子器件的 ter three children at home 7.元素；要素8.表情符号9.时代，年 经典句式·写作迁移 代10.简陋的11.笔记本电脑：便携式 1.Dso many famous artists present at this 电脑12.图画的13.平板电脑14.打 year's music festival that 2was so nerv- ous that I tried to back out such a 字机15.病毒 核心单词·练其通记准记牢 good command of English that So 1.arise 2.decade 3.elderly 4.journa ashamed was I that list 5.mathematics 6.mature 7.mo- 2.1There is an urgent need to finish bile 8.multiply 9.network ②There is no doubt that③There seems to be 10.organic 11.revolution 12.solid 13.soul 14.trend 15.update 提能加餐素养培优培优1 用准用活 、1,1.假的2.组成部分3.行动方 1.mature 2.organic 3.updated 便的：腿脚灵便的4.担任(…职务)： 4.arisen 5.journalist 6.trend 7.solid 居于(…地位)5.存在：有 8.soul Ⅱ.1.①D②B③C④A 拓展单词·用其活记准记牢 2.①C②A③B④D 1.access accessible 2.advance ad ,1.calculating 2.logically 3.than vanced 3.civilize civilization civilized 4.which 5.went 6.cleverer/more clev 4.compete competition competitor er 7.brought 8.communicating 9.its 10.that competitive 5.construct construction reconstruction constructive 6.convince 培优2真题再做 convinced convincing 7.emphasize [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。本文 emphasis 8.educate education educa 讨论了仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历 tor educated 9.estimate underesti- 史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙 mate 10.mercy merciful merciless 事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。 11.occupy occupation occupied 1.A[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If 12.occur occurrence 13.operate OD you want to tell the history of the whole erator operation 14.real really real- world,a history that does not privilege ity 15.sympathy sympathetic one part of humanity,you cannot do it 16.technology technological through texts alone,because only some 用准用活 of the world has ever had texts,while 1.construction 2.merciful 3.really most of the world,for most of the 4.technological 5.accessible 6.educa time,has not.Writing is one of tion 7.operator 8.sympathetic 9.ad humanity's later achievements,and until vanced 10.convinced 11.occupation fairly recently even many literate(有文 12.occurred 字的)societies recorded their concerns Part2分组背练短语 not only in writing but in things..(如果 先记牢第一组 你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人 1.by oneself 2.deal with 3.watch over 类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅 4.as a result 5.in a way 6.with the 通过文字来讲述，因为世界上只有一部 help of 分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界 ·408· 上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有 写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最 近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文 字，而且用实物来记录他们需要的事 情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历 史应该如何呈现给我们。门 2.D[推理判断题。根据文章第二段首 句“Ideally a history would bring togeth er texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can't,(理想情 况下，历史应该将文字和实物结合在 起，这本（历史）书的某些章节能够做到 这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做 不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是 文字和实物相结合的产物，但是很多情 况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的 下文“From the English side,we have scientific reports and the captain's re cord of that terrible day.From the Aus tralian side,we have only a wooden shield (dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gunshot.( 英国方面，我们有科学报告和库克船长 对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚 方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这 是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在战 斗中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子 是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从 自己的角度描述了问题。门 3.B[词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文 "The Caribbean Taino,the Australian Aboriginals,the African people of Be nin and the Incas,all of whom appear in this book,can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a histo ry told through things gives them back a voice.When we consider contact between literate and non-literate so cieties such as these,all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted,only one half of a dialogue,(加勃比海的泰诺 人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人 以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本 书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的 物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成 就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个 声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文字 社会和无文字社会之间的接触时，我们 所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只 有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“If we are to find the other half of that conversa tion,we have to read not just the texts, but the objects,(如果我们要找到对话 的另一半，我们不仅要读文字，还要读 物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解， 只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的 历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另 半，我们不仅仅要读文字也要读物体 所以conversation指的是“历史”。] ,C[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“f you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not..(如采你想讲述整个世界 的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权 的历史，你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述， 因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经 被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在 大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一主题群五历史、社会与文化 主题语境25重大政治、历史事件、文化渊源 人教版 必修第二册：UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 北师版 选择性必修第四册：UNIT11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 与 材 外研版 选择性必修第三册：Unit3 War and peace 译林版 选择性必修第三册：Unit3 Back to the past 语基验收~复盘共赢 Part 1分类识记单词 一用时少·功效高 6.county n. 11.military adj. 1.ancestor n. 读单 7.dot n. 12.pub n. 2.beer n. vt. 13.roar vi.&.n. 3.cemetery n. 8.feast n. 14.roll vi.&ut. 知其 4.Confucius n. 9.kingdom n. n. 5.conquer vt. 10.mansion n. 15.scent n. 记准记牢 [用准用活 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 n.金额；数量 1.The young man was with robbery 2. adj.古代的；古老的 with violence. n.战役；斗争u.搏斗；与…作战 2.(2024·1月浙江卷)The complaint a- n.收费；指控；主管ol.收费；控告； bout online courses is that they lack human in- teraction. 充电 3.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Because the system is au adj.最重要的；最高级别的n.首 tomated,it significantly reduces the 心 领；酋长 of water needed to grow plants. 词 6 n.庭院；院子 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk pro 7 vides an insight into the skills required for hill- t.保证；确保；担保 walking to you get the most from fu- 8. n.展览馆；画廊 通 ture walking trips. 9. adj.单独的；个别的n.个人 5.Sales director is a where communica- 10. n.风景 tion ability is just as important as sales skills. 11. n.大海；海洋 6.In the meeting,all the workers agreed to adopt a new approach to the factory. 12. n.港口 7.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Go somewhere only when 13. n.位置；姿态；职位 the culture or food deeply 14. vt.改革n.改革；改造 draws you. 15. i.&wt.转移；调动：换乘 8.As an old saying goes,after all, strength is limited. ·211 高考总复习英语(H) 记准记牢] [用准用活 t.达到；实现→ n.成就； 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 成绩；达到→ adj.可完成的；做得 (current),car insurance is not op- 成的 tional in the annual inspection;all the vehi- t.宣布；通知；声称→ cles are required to register insurance. n. 宣布；通知→ n.广播员；解说员 2.There's a (fascinate)drive marked 3 n.方法；途径；接近ut.接近；接洽；着 out for tourists. 手处理i.靠近→ adj.易理解的；可 3.She lost heart since she failed the exam,be- cause her future was 接近的 (puzzle). 4.Diana owes her (achieve)to the 4 n.人群一群人；民众vt.挤满；使… goal she set,and above all,the efforts she 拥挤→ adj.拥挤的 made. 5 adj.现在的；流通的，通用的n.(水、 5.He led me through the (crowd) 气、电)流；趋势→ n.通货；货币→ shop and to a bench with a large box on it. adu.当前；时下 6.Then we plan to visit our relatives to give 6. t.保卫；防守；辩解→ n.防 them our (greet). 御；保卫→ adj.防御的；保护的 7.Before closing,I want to mention all those 展 个 adj.渴望的；热切的；热心的→ who contributed so (generous). 词 n.热切，渴望→ ado.热切地；急切地 8.It has now become (evidence)to 8 ad.明显的；明白的→ n.证 us that they have found the missing boys. 用 据；证明 9.Once upon a time,a king who was polite to 活 9 oi.存在；生存→ n.存在；生 countries lived in a castle 存→ adj.现存的；现行的 by a large forest and having wonderful 10. t.使着迷→ adj.极有吸引 (surround) 力的；迷人的→ adj.着迷的；入迷的 10.An (announce)will be made 11 adj.慷慨的；大方的→ n. soon on the bulletin board. 慷慨；大方 11.Mr.Green stood up in (defend)of 12. vt.问候；迎接→ n.问候，招 the 16-year-old boy,saying that he was not 呼，致敬 the one to blame. 13. v.位于；找…的位置→ 12.The woman was staring (eager) n.地方；地点；位置 at the girl,trying to make a conversation. n.诗人→ n.诗歌→ 13.We can't visit the oldest temple in 14. n.诗歌（总称） (exist),for it's under repair now. 14.If you publish your (locate)to the 15. n.谜；智力游戏；疑问t.（使)困惑； public,everyone can know where you are. 迷惑→ adj.令人困惑的→ 15.As far as I am concerned,her adj.感到困惑的 (generous)will help those in need not only 16. vt.围绕；包围→ adj.周围 realize their dreams but also rebuild faith in 的→ n.周围的环境 life. 上串下联· 规律探寻 以-able结尾的形容词集锦 美丽“景色；风景”入画来 ①achievable 可完成的；做得成的 ①landscape 风景 ②adjustable 可调节的 ②scene 景色 ③comfortable 舒适的 ③sight 风景；名胜 ④reasonable 合理的 ④view 景色 ⑤adaptable 能适应的 ⑤outlook 景色；景致 ⑥reliable 可信赖的；可靠的 ⑥scenery 风景；景色 ·212· 主题群五历史、社会与文化 Part2分组背练短语 一不枯燥·兴趣高 先记牢 再用准 ●[第一组]汉译英 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 继续存在 1.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as 2. 用完，用尽 reference books while the magazines 3. 充当，担任 reading materials. 释放；放走：发出（叫喊声）；泄露 2.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the 5. (火灾、战争等)爆发 supermarket,which at ten this 6. 坚持，维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等） morning. 3.In doing my reading,I often ●[第二组] 英译汉 what I regard as important in the book. 1.mark out 4.The mother, her three children 2.as well as goes skating on the frozen river every Sunday 3.by means of afternoon in winter. 4.team up with 5.To make the question easy to understand,the 5.join...to... teacher explained it an example. 6.keep one's eyes open(for) 6.My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had petrol. 上串下联·规律探寻 “动词十out”短语荟萃 “动词十（名词）十0”短语荟萃 ①mark out 标出…界线 ①join..to.. 把…和…连接起来 ②turn out 结果是 ②add..to 把…加到 ③make out 理解；辨认出 ③compare..to 把…比作 ④work out 锻炼 ④devote..to 把…奉献于 ⑤cut out 删去 ⑤supply..to 为…提供 ⑥come out 出版；开花 ⑥expose..to 使显露；暴露 Part 3 句式教材迁移 汇教材·背典句 句型公式 融汇教材 Last night,I watched a performance of Butter fly Lovers,a beautiful violin con- 过去分词短语作后置 certo (由何占豪、陈刚创作的). 定语 (译林选一Unit2 The universal language) have sth.done..让 They (修建城堡)all around England,and made changes 某物被… to the legal system.(人教必二UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS). Each statue has a different face, 现在分词短语作结果 (使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的 状语 复制品).（人教必一UNIT2 TRAVELLING AROUND) ·213· 高考总复习： 英语(H)》 考点精研~高效练通 Part 1 核心词汇·多维练透] 1.amount n.金额；数量.总计：共计 (1)the amount of... …的数量 2It was tiring work,but I looked forward to (2)a large amount of/large amounts of the pay,even though I wasn't sure how much it 大量的 would amount (3)in large/small amounts大量地/少量地 [二维写美]一应用文写作之建议信 (4)amount to 总计；共计 ③为了保持健康，有规律地做适量运动是必 [名师点津]“许多/大量…”集合： 要的。 (1)a number of只接可数名词复数。 In order to keep healthy, (2)a great deal of,a great amount of (large regularly. amounts of)只接不可数名词。 [三维学考对接]一英译汉 (3)a lot of (lots of),plenty of,a large quantity ④(2024·新课标I卷)When reading texts of of(large quantities of)既可修饰可数名词， 也可修饰不可数名词。 several hundred words or more,learning is gen- [一维练透]一句型转换/单句语法填空 erally more successful when it's on paper than DAs far as I know,a large amount of money onscreen.A large amount of research confirms was spent on the construction of the school last this finding. year. 当阅读儿百个单词或更多的文本时，在纸上学习 →As far as I know, 通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。 spent on the construction of the school last year. 2.approach n,方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理i.靠近 (1)with...approaching 在…快到的时候 the Mid-Autumn Fes- (2)an approach to (doing)sth. tival,I'd like to invite you to join us in celebra- (做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近 ting it.(approach n. at the approach of 在快到…的时候 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 [一维练透]一单句语法填空 ①He (approach)us,full of apologies. ④(2024·新课标I卷)According to this theo- 2So far they have discussed three new approa- ry,people approach digital texts with a mindset ches to (keep)slim. suited to social media,which are often not so se- [二维写美]一应用文写作之邀请信 rious,and devote less mental effort than when ③中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中 秋节。 they are reading print. 根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触 I'd like to invite you to join us in celebrating it. 数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印 (approach v. 刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少。 3.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 (1)defend...from/against 2When a dog attacked me,I picked up a stick 保护…以免受…之苦 to defend (I). defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 3The Great Wall was built from the Qin Dy- nasty and its purpose was to defend their own (2)defence n. 防御；保卫 territories the invasion of their ene- in defence of 为了保卫… mies. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [二维写美]一读后续写之肢体动作 DThe monument is in memory of the soldiers ④看到这只凶猛的狼，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。 who died in (defend)of their country. Seeing the fierce wolf,he rushed like an arrow. ·214 主题群五历史、社会与文化 4.evidence n.证据；证明 (I)There is evidence that..有证据… ②There is evidence Americans are (2)evident adj. 明显的；明白的 content with their environment regardless of in- It is evident that... 显然… come. (3)evidently adv. 明显地 [二维写美]一应用文写作之学校生活 [一维练透]—单句语法填空 ③很明显，老师对我的表现很满意。 ① (evident),many days are routine and the teacher is satisfied with my uninteresting for them,especially in winter. performance. 5.exist vi.存在；生存 (1)exist in 存在于…之中 [一维练透]—单句语法填空 DThough difficulties exist our daily exist on 靠…为生 life,we should not be afraid of them. There exists... 某地有…；存在… ②They existed food supplied by the (2)existence n. 存在；生存 organization which came into (exist) decades of years ago. come into existence产生；成立；开始存在 [二维写美]—读后续写之交通 [名师点津]exist是不及物动词，没有被动语 ③现在一些社区存在着汽车停车位问题 态，也不用于进行时态。 with the parking place for the cars in some communities now. 6.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.(使)困惑；迷惑 puzzle over/about苦苦思索，仔细琢磨 3Now higher education research in China was puzzlement n.迷惑；困惑 faced with the same (puzzle). puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑的 ④It's puzzle to me what has made him puzzling adj.令人困惑的；费解的 to man that he is. [一维练透]一单句语法填空 [二维写美]—应用文写作之求助信 DWhen the little girl was asked such a ⑤ is how we question,she stood there with a look on her face.(puzzle) can use proper stage languages for different 2How life began on earth is one of the most roles. biggest (puzzle)that scientists found 关于这个剧本，最让我困惑的是我们如何使用适 hard to solve. 当的舞台语言来扮演不同的角色。 7,sense vt..意识到，察觉到n.感官 in a sense在某种意义上 3Provided you didn't try to in no sense决不（位于句首时引起部分倒装） (弄懂它)，it sounded beautiful.. in this sense(in..sense)从这种(…)意义 [二维写美]—句式升级 上讲 DSuch a thing in no sense should be allowed to There is no sense in doing sth.做某事毫无 意义。 happen in our school. make sense of理解，弄懂（不易理解的事物） be allowed to make(no)sense讲得不通；没有道理；没有意义 happen in our school.(倒装句) [一维练透] 补全句子 [三维学考对接]一典句赏析 ① (从这种意义上讲)，Amy has ⑤（全国甲卷）..or also use a sense of touch in been right. making their shape selections. ② (这个句 …还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状。 子讲不通)，no matter how you read it. ·215 高考总复习英语(H) [Part 2 经典句式·写作迁移] 1.have sth. done...让某物被…… (教材对接) Emily Bronte had to pay to have her poetry published. Emily Bronte不得不花钱出版了她 的诗。(外研选一Unit 2 Onwards and upwards) 本句中 have her poetry published是 have sth. [写作迁移]——微写作 done结构， 意思为“使某事完成”。 ①我很抱歉周五下午不能和你一起去书店。我 ①have sth. done让/叫别人做某事； 遭 刚刚发现，那天下午我有一个重要的会议要 遇某种(不幸的)事情；使某事完成 参加。 ②have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 ③have sb. doing sth.意为“允许某人 (全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达) Im terribly sorry for not 用法 做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让 being able to go to the bookstore with you on 归纳 某人一直做某事”时，强调动作的持 Friday afternoon.I have just found that I 续性 that after- ④have sth. to do有事情要做(不定式 作定语) noon. ②你不能让你的空调日夜工作，这是在浪费电。 该句型解题的关键在于搞明白 have的 含义。 You can't 注意 ①have是使役动词， 就要考虑have sb. ， which is a waste of electricity. 事项 doing； have sb. do； have sth. done ③如果你不修理那辆旧车，你迟早会出事故的。 ②have是及物动词表示“有”的含义时， You'll have an accident with that old car sooner 就要考虑have sth. to do or later . 2.现在分词短语作结果状语 (教材对接) Each statue has a different face， leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a re- al soldier.每尊雕像都有不同的面容， 这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。(人 教必一UNIT2 TRAVELLING AROUND) (1)现在分词作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的 They reached the company out of breath， 结果； . (2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。 ③First of all， Is peak English fluently. It al- [写作迁移]——微写作/句式升级 lows me to communicate with visitors without ①从国外引进大量新机器后产量增加了。 delay. →First of all， Is peak English fluently， A number of new machines were introduced .(定语从句) from abroad， . ②他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，却被告知他们 →First of all， Is peak English fluently， 被解雇了。 .(分词作状语) 提能加餐丶素养培优 [培优1]多维练通活运用 一、阅读障碍破除 5.Under normal conditions， the ocean currents of I. .熟词生义 the tropical Pacific travel from east to west. 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 1.Everyday， at nine o'clock on the dot， they have .一词多义 breakfast. 2.She stood feasting her e yes on the view for ten 根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 minutes， standing there still. 1.crowd 3.Make sure that you are working in a comfortable A.n.人群；一群人B.n.民众C.v.(使)拥挤 position. D.ut.8vi.(想法或观点)涌人(脑子) 4.When Chappel approached me about the job， my E.v.聚集 first reaction was of disbelief. ·216. 主题群五历史、社会与文化 ①(202l·新高考I卷)In France,quality of life is 二，语境创新应用 much more important than efficiency(效率). 文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 You can tell this by cafe life.French cafes are al- When studying in the UK,I was no longer ways crowded. puzzled about when England got Wales,Scotland ②(2021·全国乙卷)As soon as I saw the crowd of and Ireland joined to it or when the southern part people down there,my heart beat so fast that I of Ireland broke away.The four countries 1. was unable to say a single word. (belong)to the UK use the same currency and ③(2020·天津7月卷)We stop challenging cus- military 2. (defend),but they have dif- tom.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd ferent legal systems.I saw much evidence that desires only the calm and restful average. 1On hearing what he said,a lot of confused showed the Great Britain was invaded by the Ro- thoughts crowded my brain. mans the Vikings as well as the Normans,who 5Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby left their so-called 3. (achievement)and church for the wedding. influenced the names of locations and vocabulary. 2.strike There were many 4. (fascinate)places,so A.vt.成交B.vt&vi.使突然想起C.n.&u. I had to keep my eyes open.Later I traveled to Ire- 罢工D.ot.(灾难、疾病等)袭击E.wt.划火柴 land 5. I found myself fascinated by the F.vi.(时钟)被敲响 landscape.It was a feast for my eyes as if I were DA big earthquake struck the city last year,killing approaching a gallery in which I 6. (sur- hundreds of people. round)with beautiful pictures.Every day I was 2It struck me that playing against the other team greeted with the rolling mountains 7. was a great learning moment for all the girls on (dot)with sheep and cattle,the roar of the ocean the team. and the scent of flowers.I often had a sip of wine 3It is by no means clear what president can do to or beer in small pubs which charged a small amount end the strike. 8. money for their service.I once talked I got up early this morning before the clock about their customs with 9. crowd of I- struck five. rish people who were interested in our Confucius ⑤(2021·新高考卷)Some labor unions recently philosophy,and they were generous and shared struck a deal with a group of companies limiting with me a snack cooked with butter and honey.The the number of hours that independent contrac- journey is so striking 10. I'm eager to go there tors can be on call. again. [培优2]高考语篇培素养 Topic:文化渊源 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 (全国卷)Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through 1.Which of the following best de- annual subscriptions in America,usually $8 to $10 a year.Today scribes newspapers in America before the 1830s? $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money,but at that time these A.Academic.B.Unattractive. amounts were forbidding to most citizens.Accordingly,newspapers C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential. were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.In addi- 2.What did street sales mean to tion,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass newspapers? audience.They were dull and visually forbidding.But the revolution A.They would be priced higher. that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that. B.They would disappear from The trend,then,was toward the "penny paper"-a term refer- cities. ring to papers made widely available to the public.It meant any inex- C.They could have more read- ers. pensive newspaper;perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers D.They could regain public that could be bought in single copies on the street. trust. ·217· 高考总复习英语(H) 续表 This development did not take place overnight.It had been pos sible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, 3.Who were the newspapers of the but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's of- new trend targeted at? fice to purchase a copy.Street sales were almost unknown.Howev- A.Local politicians. er,within a few years,street sales of newspapers would be common- B.Common people. place in eastern cities.At first the price of single copies was seldom a C.Young publishers. penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the ol- D.Rich businessmen. der well-known papers charged five or six cents.But the phrase"pen- ny paper"caught the public's fancy,and soon there would be papers 4.What can we say about the birth that did indeed sell for only a penny. of the penny paper? This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street"did not A.It was a difficult process. begin well.Some of the early ventures (were immediate fail- B.It was a temporary success. ures.Publishers already in business,people who were owners of suc- C.It was a robbery of the poor. cessful papers,had little desire to change the tradition.It took a few D.It was a disaster for printers. youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. ◆素材积累 2He forbade them from mentioning the subject (一)由文本积累主题词块 again. 1.a small amount of 2.catch 2.a mass audience A.激发兴趣、想象、注意等B.赶上 3.refer to 4.take place C.感染 D.当场发现或发觉 5.have little desire to ①But the phrase“penny paper”caught the 6.get the ball rolling public's fancy,and soon there would be papers (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 that did indeed sell for only a penny. 1.annual adj. 2She caught herself wondering whether she had n. made a mistake. 2.subscription n. 3.citizen n. ◆长句缩写 4.visually adv. Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through 5.revolution n. annual subscriptions in America,usually $8 to $10 6.term n. a year. 7.inexpensive adj. [句式剖析]请将句中的“枝叶”（名词短语、介 8.commonplace n. 词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从 (三)由文本辨熟词生义（将词义对应的字母填到横 线上) 句)去掉，留下“主干”（主谓宾或主系表）。 1.forbid (Before the 1830s),(most)newspapers were A.禁止 B.妨碍 C.使不可能 sold through(annual)subscriptions (in Ameri- 1 Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of ca),(usually $8 to $10 a year). money,but at that time these amounts were [句子缩写] forbidding to most citizens. (不超过10个单词) ·218 主题群五历史、社会与文化 写作微练~双向提能 Part 1 应用文写作话题练 ●[Step1]练表达一夯基固本 Children are delighted at getting lucky money, 根据汉语提示完成句子 and it is a tradition ①作为中国最重要的传统节日，春节是中国农历 的第一天，标志着新年的开始。 ●[Step2]学升级—亮人一眼 As the most important traditional festival,the 改变句式结构以使表达升级 Spring Festival is the first day in Chinese lunar ①用动词-ing形式作定语改写句① year and it ②为了庆祝这个节日，各家各户开始打扫房屋、 贴对联、做各种美味的饭菜。 ②用what引导主语从句和which引导定语从句 hou- 改写句⑤ ses are cleaned,red couplets are put on the doors and ③除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并 ●[Step3]用衔接一完美成篇 燃放烟花。 利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 On New Year's Eve,people to enjoy a least and ④新年期间，人们穿着盛装互相拜年。 During the New Year,people and say“Happy New Year'”to each other. ⑤孩子们非常高兴得到红包，这是一个可以追溯 到很多年前的传统。 Part2读后续写微技能25一 情感描写之“后悔”“内疚”和“自责” ●[Step1] 场景续写词汇—语料累积 ④我僵在那里，眼里含着后悔的泪水。要是我没和 单词 guilty,regretful,guiltily,guilt,regret 安妮吵架那该多好啊！ I froze there, I D much to one's regret/to one's great only I had not quarreled with Anne! regret令某人深感遗憾的是 ⑤我满心愧疚，冲出去向安妮道歉。 固定 ②with deep/great regret很遗憾地 短语 I rushed 3be full of guilt/be consumed with guilt满心愧疚 out to apologize to Anne.(with复合结构》 ④a feeling of guilt内疚感 ●[Step3]过渡衔接美文—连句成篇 ●[Step2]场景续写佳句—完成句子 将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的 根据汉语提示完成句子 衔接过渡词汇。 ①看着安妮泪流满面，我开始感到后悔和内疚。 Looking at Anne's face wet with tears, ②安妮发出后悔的喊声：“我真傻。” Anne ,“T'm so silly..” ③我还没来得及说话，她就冲了出去，留下我后悔 不迭。 -She dashed out before I could say a word,and ,(并列句) ©温馨提 She dashed out before I could say a word, 学习至此，请完成配套训练主题语境25 .(分词作状语) ·219