考前押题05 选词填空5大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期沪外版

考前押题05选词填空6大常考话题 话题1社会现象与社会问题（难点） 话题2方法与策略（常考点） 话题3个人经历 话题4科学技术（难点） 话题5人物 话题6自然 1.第一步：标注方框单词词性（最关键） 在每个单词旁边简写：n.名词/v.动词/adj.形容词/adv.副词 动词额外标记：v‑ing（现在分词）、v‑ed（过去式/过去分词）。 不用背词义，先看词性，先缩小候选范围。 2.第二步：通读全文，把握主旨 快速读一遍短文，知道文章讲什么，把握整体感情：正向/负向。不看选项，看懂大意即可。 3.第三步：分析空格，判断空格需要什么词性 看空格前后单词，判断空格填：名词/动词/形容词/副词 填名词(n.)：空前有a/an/the/形容词；介词后面；复数看后面谓语单复数 填动词(v.)：空格作谓语，看时态、人称、单复数； 非谓语：to do/doing/done（前面有keep/by/逗号作伴随状语） 填形容词(adj.)：修饰名词；系动词(be/get/become)后面作表语 填副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词、整个句子 4.第四步：代入翻译，兼顾固定搭配，先易后难 简单空先填，填过的词划掉。剩下的空再从剩余词里选。 话题1社会现象与社会问题共9篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海控江中学·期中） Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．application B．boast C．contrast D．earn E.empowers F.engage G.following H.response I.subject J.tracks K.varying What Is a Social Media Influencer? The term“influencer”may seem like a fairly new addition to our word bank,but first uses date back to the 1660s.Still,its 1 to social media—relatively new in its own right—is a more recent phenomenon. While the“very first”commercial influencer may be lost somewhere in the records of history,product packaging and magazine adverts of the past provide a breadcrumb trail(蛛丝马迹)that 2 the early evolution of influencer marketing.From the Marlboro Man,to Santa Claus,imaginary characters have offered tried and true ways to establish a personalized connection between products and consumers.Eventually,these influential spokespersons led to the modern social media influencer—someone who has built a sizable 3 across one or more social media channels. Along with differences in size and reach,the channels,content formats,and categories will also shape the influencer definition to 4 degrees.Throughout the evolution of social media,its variety of platforms have continually changed in 5 to user behavior and expectations.Whether it’s YouTube,Instagram,Facebook,or Twitch,these social media channels offer influencers different ways to create,publish,and consume content,as well as 6 an audience. Thus,the influencer definition is 7 to change with the ever-changing social media scene,and all variables must be taken into consideration when defining social media influencers. Today,asking for the definition of an influencer—or even influencer marketing—could result in a large number of different answers.However,at their core,influencers are social media personalities with loyal audiences that they 8 by sharing content that inspires,entertains,informs,and connects them with their followers.This direct line of communication 9 influencers to generate social conversations,drive engagement,and ultimately,set trends among a receptive and socially wise audience. Social media influencers are generally categorized by two main tiers—micro-and macro-influencers.While micro-influencers have followings between 10,000 to 50,000,macro-influencers 10 audiences between 500,000 to 1 million.But these categories can be broken down even further to include the wide range of social media influencers. Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海海事大学附属北蔡高级中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digesting B．distinction C．examine D．identical E.intervening F.live G.mixture H.perspective I.shock J.space K.texting A face-to-face communication—a thing of the past We all think we communicate all the time,and that’s true.There’s also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix—everything we’re saying when we’re not saying anything.But there’s a 11 between saying things to people,or liking and sharing a post on social media,and communication.I’m quite well connected—there’s Twitter,Facebook,Instagram,Snapchat,email...,but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore.Check this blog post,read that article someone shared,12,back to someone else and answer their question… So it was quite a 13 to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal,no internet and no‘communication’at all,apart from with the people I was with.Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared.All of our conversations became slower,more involved and far more interesting.We were a group of 12,a 14 of couples and friends,only one of whom I was at university with,so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time.Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening,but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper.Tucked up on the leather sofas,15 dinner,we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their 16 entirely!We shared ideas and theories,plots of books and plays and city trips we’d been on,described family troubles and gave advice,listened to work scenarios and offered pointers,and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before,because you couldn’t say,‘It’s a great film,you should google it later.’Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much!In such a short 17 of time,due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication,I felt much closer to the new people I’d met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don’t think our common,current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate 18.The brevity(简洁)of Twitter,the showiness of Facebook,all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn’t challenge you to 19 your feelings and motives enough.‘Liking something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something?’It’s an 20 response to millions of other people,whereas you and your thought are unique.If you’re not careful,perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level! And what did my student mean?Were they distressed?Panicked?Melancholic?I’ll never know. Passage 3 （25‑26高二上·上海同济第一附中·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．contributor B．promoting C．crucial D．nominated E.contact F.rewarding G.identical H.enthusiasm I.substantially J.launching K.originally The Marketing of Tesla Cybertruck Tesla surprised the automobile industry by 21 the Cybertruck in a dramatic event that quickly drew worldwide attention.Unlike most new vehicle releases,this truck was introduced with a bold presentation that broke traditional rules.The Cybertruck looked strikingly different from conventional pickups,with sharp angles,stainless-steel panels,and a futuristic style that immediately caught the public eye.The design was 22 planned two years earlier,when Tesla engineers started testing new materials and structural ideas that could endure extreme use. One major 23 to its success was the advanced battery system,which gave the vehicle a longer driving range and lower long-term costs.Tesla knew that customers cared not only about speed and power but also about sustainability,so this technology became a central selling point. The marketing campaign also played an essential role.By 24 the Cybertruck through live demonstrations,online events,and constant social media conversations,Tesla built strong anticipation before mass production.This strategy was 25 for capturing global attention.Later,the marketing and design team was even 26 for international innovation awards,as their creative approach turned the Cybertruck into more than a product—it became a cultural discussion. Another key feature of Tesla’s strategy was keeping close 27 with customers.Feedback from early users influenced software updates and safety improvements.Many owners described driving a Cybertruck as a(an)28 experience because it combined tough-ness with environmental responsibility. The 29 of both the company and its loyal buyers pushed the project forward at high speed.Yet Tesla realized that markets are not completely 30.What excites American consumers may not appeal to those in Europe or Asia,where cultural values and regulations differ.While many reviews praised the Cybertruck’s bold vision,some critics raised concerns about its price,size,and unusual look. Still,the Cybertruck represents Tesla’s daring spirit.Through innovation,strong customer ties,and fearless marketing,the company showed how a single launch can reshape the global conversation about transportation. Passage 4 （24‑25高二上·上海浦东新区·期中练习） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．revealed B．consumption C．complexities D．sought-after E.priced F.lottery G.performance H.adorable I.functional J.unchecked K.necessities Beijing-based Pop Mart estimated that its third-quarter revenue increased by 120 to 125 percent in a business update.Analysts said the 31 of China’s leading blind box toy retailer had“far exceeded market expectations”. Pop Mart has millions of young fans who may not earn a lot but seem generous spenders on small toys that offer them emotional and social value. Products like blind box toys,odd accessories and decorative items have become highly 32,especially among young people.Such items,often not necessarily 33,serve as sources of comfort,entertainment or self-expression. The blind box economy is based on the sale of products in packaging that hides the item’s appearance or specific design,creating a sense of mystery that is only 34 on opening.There is also a 35 element of possibly acquiring a rare item with a higher potential resale value. A small Pop Mart blind box is normally 36 between 69 and 79 yuan(US$9.70 to US$11)and larger ones can sell for several thousand yuan. Cao Zuo,a university student in Shanghai who is a fan of Pop Mart’s toys,said that people who continue to buy blind boxes are“paying for love”as they contain“37”products that“provide a kind of mental satisfaction”.In this sense,China’s Gen Z are seeking solace through“emotional consumption”. “Young people also tend to be impulse buyers with 38 spending habits and dare to take unknown risks,”she said. Mo Daiqing,a senior analyst at the China E-Commerce Research Centre,said despite their relatively high prices,such items are still affordable to most people because they are not frequently consumed daily 39. “People are also focusing more on the shopping experience,which some of the brands,such as Jellycat,do quite well,making consumers feel happy and relaxed,”she added. In fact,such toys sold in blind boxes are not only targeted at children,but adults as well.Maybe Labubu can offer a retreat into an illusion of childhood simplicity,to escape the 40 that overwhelm our adult world.In a moment of global markets and mass production,maybe the fantasy of limited availability substitutes for creativity or specialness. Passage 5 （25‑26高二上·上海复旦附中·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．appreciated B．attacks C．contributing D．crucial E.contacts F.disagreeable G.lowered H.opposing I.promote J.recognize K.social Afraid to be different? I worked with Frank for several years.He’s someone you might describe as“41”.Frank was kind,but he was also quick to speak his mind,especially when he thought something wasn’t right. At times,Frank annoyed others the wrong way.While some misunderstood him,most 42 him for keeping it real.What Frank demonstrated was the importance of healthy disagreement,an ability to openly,honestly and respectfully voice a(n)43 opinion,instead of simply agreeing with what’s presented.It is a 44 quality for any successful team or family.A culture of healthy disagreement improves the quality of a team’s work,drives innovation and helps teams avoid groupthink. Of course,to keep disagreements healthy,everyone involved must maintain mutual respect.Without respect,disagreement can easily turn into personal 45,destroying the culture of a team.However,healthy disagreement can be difficult to achieve.Many people are naturally agreeable.While being agreeable helps 46 harmony,it can also make it hard to offer constructive criticism.Moreover,people feel 47 pressure to agree with others,even when they don’t understand or agree with the reasons,which is due to peer pressure The good news is that just one person speaking up can make a difference.In Asch’s studies,when a single person voiced the correct answer,the number of subjects willing to agree dramatically 48. To practice healthy disagreement,start by reflecting:“If I don’t speak up now,will I regret it later?”When you express a different view,be respectful.It’s often not what you say,but how you say it that matters.If you’re more outspoken,keep 49 your ideas while remembering to listen to others.If you’re quieter,try to respect those who speak and 50 the value they bring to the group.Ultimately,healthy disagreement isn’t about winning arguments,but about working together to find the best solutions. Passage 6 （25‑26高二上·上海大同中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．contribute B．argue C．provided D．fair E.justified F.defense G.similarly H.private I.total J.force K.maintain One principle of taxation,called the benefit principle(受益原则),states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services.This principle tries to make public goods similar to 51 goods.It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in 52 for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes.And 53 a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit. The gasoline tax,for instance,is sometimes 54 under the benefits principle.In some states,revenues(收益)from the gasoline tax are used to build and 55 roads.Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads,the gasoline tax might be viewed as a 56 way to pay this government service. The benefits principle can also be used to 57 that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones,simply because the wealthy benefit more from public services.Consider,for example,the benefits of police protection from theft.Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from the police than those with less to protect.Therefore,according to the benefits principle,the wealthy should 58 more than the poor to the cost of maintaining the police 59.The same argument can be used for many other public services,such as fire protection,national 60,and the court system. Passage 7 （25‑26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．constantly B．competitors C．recognizing D．exposed E.assessing F.suffered G.remarkably H.risk I.predicted J.practice K.counterparts The long-term impact of peer bullying may be even more severe than that of adult maltreatment,according to a recent study. In a large sample of English children,those 61 to bullying were 60%more likely to develop psychological issues in adulthood than those who had 62 physical,emotional,or sexual abuse.In can while,in a parallel U.S.study,the 63 of mental disorders was nearly four times higher among bullying victims than among those who experienced child abuse. The findings,published in The Lancet Psychiatry,highlight the urgency of 64 bullying as a critical public health concern.While 65 the mental health risks,researchers controlled variables such as gender,family adversity,and socioeconomic status—all potential factors that could affect the outcome. A history of child abuse was 66 associated with a higher risk of mental illness among the American participants,though not so obvious among their British 67.Nonetheless,in both nations,exposure to bullying 68 poorer mental health outcomes.Figures show that bullied children were 70%more likely to develop depression or to 69 self-harming behaviors than those with a history of family abuse. Overall,the damage caused by bullying 70 emerge in future life.Victims may find themselves repeatedly confused with the same negative thought patterns,years or even decades after the bullying has ended. Passage 8 （25‑26高二上·上海市民办文绮中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following two passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that for each passage there is ONE WORD MORE than you need. A．thin B．assumes C．intensifies D．evenly E.universal F.highlights G.tangible H.halfway I.consistent J.lingers K.overwhelming Study,stress,repeat Every fall,university students across the country brace themselves for the same academic storm:midterms.Libraries fill up,coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus becomes almost 71. But as another testing season passes,a question 72:are midterms helping students learn,or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal poll of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years,a small portion of students defended midterms,saying they help gauge what they’ve learned and where they need to improve.But the 73 majority voiced frustration,describing midterms as“pointless,”“stressful”and“unnecessary pressure”that often hurts more than it helps. This mix of opinions 74 a larger truth:while midterms were designed to assess understanding and encourage 75 study habits,the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals.Instead,they’ve become a high-stakes ritual that fuels stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view,those who actually appreciate midterms.A few students admitted that,as much as they dread the exams,they see the value in them.They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education.This perspective reflects the original purpose of midterms:to provide both students and professors with feedback 76 through the semester.Ideally,a midterm helps students identify their weak areas,allowing them to adjust their study habits before the end of the term.It also gives instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. There’s also the argument that midterms build academic discipline.By forcing students to review material mid-semester,they can prevent last-minute cramming at the end.Some students even find that the stress,while unpleasant,motivates them to stay engaged. However,this sentiment is far from 77.For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment.Many students describe midterms as one of the most stressful parts of college life.They talked about how,with all the other projects and assignments that professors assign during midterms week,an exam on top of all of that is too much. And that’s the heart of the issue.For all the talk about midterms fostering discipline,they often just amplify stress to unhealthy levels.A lot of stress can significantly impact mental health,leading to sleep deprivation,anxiety and even depression.When every class demands a major exam within the same week period,students are stretched 78 and tend to prioritize test performance over genuine understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms rarely reflect real learning.Memorizing formulas,flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade,but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension.A lot of students still procrastinate and wait until the last minute to study,spending all night trying to understand the material.This cycle of cramming and forgetting isn’t real education.Instead of promoting critical thinking or mastery,midterms can turn learning into a competition of who can endure the most pressure. The problem isn’t that exams are bad.Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know.But the way we test that knowledge needs to change.Midterms belong to the traditional system that 79 exams are the best measure of knowledge,an idea that feels outdated in an age when education is increasingly about application,collaboration and creativity. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely,but they do need to be changed.If they are going to continue,they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress.That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization,spreading assignments more 80 throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. Passage 9 （27届高三上·上海实验学校·9月月考） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．universal B．assess C．evenly D．glorifies E.genuine F.fuels G.perspective H.prioritize I.rarely J.approach K.arises Every fall,university students across the country prepare themselves for the same academic storm:midterms.Libraries fill up,coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus mounts. But as another testing season passes,a question 81:are midterms helping students learn,or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal study of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years,a small portion of students defended midterms.But the overwhelming(压倒性的)majority voiced frustration. This mix of opinions highlights a larger truth:while midterms were designed to 82 understanding and encourage consistent study habits,the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals.Instead,they’ve become a ritual that 83 stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view,those who actually appreciate midterms.They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education. This 84 reflects the original purpose of midterms:to provide both students and professors with feedback halfway through the semester.Ideally,a midterm helps students identify their weak areas,while giving instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. However,this feeling is far from 85.For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment.And that’s the heart of the issue.Midterms often just increase stress to unhealthy levels.When every class demands a major exam within the same week period,students are stretched thin and tend to 86 test performance over true understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms 87 reflect real learning.Memorizing formulas,flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade,but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension. The problem isn’t that exams are bad.Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know.But the way we test that knowledge needs to change.Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure while still providing feedback throughout the semester.This 88 is more in line with how real-world learning works:increasing gradually,reflective and applied. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely,but they do need to be changed.If they are going to continue,they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress.That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization,spreading assignments more 89 throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. Universities also need to address the culture surrounding midterms,one that 90 all-nighters,caffeine overloads and burnout as signs of dedication.Academic strictness does not have to mean academic suffering. 话题2方法与策略共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivating B．delayers C．temptation D．effectively E.motivational F.energized G.scheduling H.favorable I.identify J.vision K.monitored It is tempting,when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse,to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point.“Oh well,”you might say,surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer.“No willpower,that’s my problem.” But,according to a body of scientific research,willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with.It is a skill to be practised.“Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.”explains Frank Ryan,consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies.“Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation.Everybody can learn to use their willpower more 1.” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year,2 willpower is a good idea,as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s.In his famous study,a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now,or two if they could wait 15 minutes.Their performance was then 3 into adulthood.The“high 4”went on to achieve greater academic success,better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,”Ryan says,“we should 5 our willpower profile.For example:some people are more impulsive than others.That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get 6 by thoughts and ideas.So,if that’s you,you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner 7 than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval.For introverts,8 time to reflect on your progress,such as keeping a diary can be helpful.For extroverts,signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve,as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,”Ryan adds.“It’s about coping with 9 which often comes from the environment,the people,places or things that act as 10 magnets to challenge your willpower.”In other words,if you are trying to avoid cake,it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. Passage 2 （24‑25高二上·上海交大附中嘉定分校·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．annoying B．commitment C．frame D．imaginary E.initial F.launching G.like-minded H.map I.spent J.visualization K.work Vision boards,five-year plans,and strategic roadmaps—these are practical tools for anyone looking to shape their future.They help us 11 out our aspirations and pave pathways toward our dreams.Yet,in my experience,while these methods 12 our intentions,they don’t always bring us closer to the reality of future success.So,how do we bridge the gap between planning and experiencing? The most successful way,I’ve found,is not just to imagine the future,but to actually“visit”it.This isn’t just another 13 technique.It’s a time travel mission to your future self.What makes this thought experiment unique is that we don’t stop at the 14 pad of success.We propel ourselves beyond,to explore what life looks like after those goals are achieved. This exercise has been proven to 15 wonders inside of the SPI Community.SPI—short for“Smart Passive Income”—started as a blog in 2008 for me to journal my business learnings and share it with others,but in 2020 the brand pivoted to a community-centered approach because we’ve found(and the data shows)that people are more likely to succeed when working together with other 16 peers. I frequently guide our members and students through this time travel thought experiment,and it always leads to numerous revelations and a deeper understanding of the consequences of decisions made today. Sometimes,a student will realize that the business idea they have,even if it were to succeed,would not lead them to a life of happiness and fulfillment.It’s quite a(n)17 realization when you discover that what you’ve been excited about all this time isn’t actually the right path for you,but it’s also a gift to learn that up front.Other times,the opposite will happen.A trip into the future reinforces a direction and provides a boost of energy,allowing a person to more easily remove those Junk Sparks that don’t align with the goal. 18 is the bridge between what’s possible and what becomes reality.It’s about setting 19 steps,defining achievable goals,and deciding on the right amount of time and resources before reevaluating.It ensures that our energies are not just well 20,but also brings us closer to the life we want to lead. 话题3个人经历共2篇 Passage 1 （24‑25高二上·上海交大附中·期中） Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．boasts B．domestic C．dreams D．Emerging E.entry F.established G.generating H.marketing I.overseas J.representative K.well-developed Promoting Chinese styles in Italy NANJING-As a Chinese businessman living in Italy,Xu Xudong has become a fashionista(时尚达人).But,the 42-year-old 1 bigger.He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy. Xu is the chairman of an Italy-based Chinese entrepreneur association.His firm is mainly involved in brand 2 and management in the fields of fashion clothing.It helps Chinese fashion brands go global and facilitates 3 of brands from Europe into China. Xu went to Italy with his parents 25 years ago,when many locals were taking advantage of China’s reform and opening-up to go abroad and start businesses.He was deeply amazed by Italy’s 4 clothing market.“I made up my mind to help Chinese clothing brands enter the Italian market,”he says. When Xu returned to China in 2006,looking to start a business,he found that the 5 clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing,ready to make their mark on the international stage.Years later,Xu set up his company in Changshu,home to more than 5,000 clothing enterprises.The city 6 a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain. In 2013,he cooperated with Changshu’s local brand Bosideng for promotion 7.His company used commercial strategies,like advertising and runway shows,to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy.Today,Bosideng sells to more than 70 countries and regions.“You can see more Chinese elements 8 in the Italian fashion industry.”says Xu. In 2019,Xu was invited as a(an)9 to a governmental negotiation during which a sister city relationship was first 10 between Changshu and Italy’s Taranto. “It is my mission to take more Chinese styles to Italy and meanwhile increase the charm of Italian fashion in China.”Xu says. Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海行知实验中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．belonging B．benefits C．forms D．global E.individual F.participate G.periodical H.positive I.resources J.stress K.transforms Volunteerism is a powerful force that 11 indlviduals and communities.It provides an opportunity to give back,connect with others,and make a(n)12 impact. Volunteering 13 society in numerous ways.It helps improve communities by providing services and resources to those who need them most.It also creates a sense of 14 and strengthens relationships within communities. Volunteering can take many 15 from helping at a local food bank to mentoring a child,there are countless ways to lend a helping hand.It doesn’t matter if you have a lot of time or 16,every little bit counts. Volunteering benefits the 17 as well.It helps to build skills and competencies,providing valuable experience and knowledge.It also acts as a form of therapy,helping to reduce 18 and improve overall well-being. Volunteering is not only a local phenomenon but a(n)19 one as well.People from all over the world come together to 20 in volunteer activities that help those in need.It is a beautiful sight to behold and a reminder of our interconnections and responsibility to one another. We can help to create a better world for tomorrow. 话题4科学技术共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海曹杨第二中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．trendsetters B．original C．refundable D．deceptively E.ethical F.harmoniously G.trick H.feast I.undercover J.coordinator K.packed 1．As the hero leaps from a skyscraper and soars over a futuristic cityscape,the audience holds its breath.But what they’re seeing is a masterpiece of cinematic illusion.The actor,in reality,is suspended safely in a warehouse against a massive green screen,contorting in a harness.The dizzying height,the sprawling metropolis below,even the wind whipping through his hair—it’s all meticulously crafted in post-production.It’s all done using photography,a blend of CGI,motion capture,and clever compositing that transforms a sterile studio into a breathtaking world of danger and wonder. 2．To expose the illegal practices at the industrial plant,journalist Sarah Chen went.Assuming a new identity with forged documents,she endured grueling shifts to secretly document the safety violations and wage theft,ultimately gathering the evidence needed to force a public scandal and government action. 3．Our marketing strategy starts with the.Instead of advertising to everyone,we first get them to love our product.Their genuine support builds trust and creates word-of-mouth that naturally reaches the wider market. 4．The lake looked calm,hiding the strong,dangerous currents beneath its glassy surface. 5．This week is with back-to-back meetings;I don’t even have time for a proper lunch. 6．I held my breath as the appraiser scrutinized my vintage poster.After what felt like an eternity,he looked up and confirmed it was indeed a valuable,not a mass-produced reprint.A wave of relief washed over me as he explained that this single fact would significantly increase its value,turning a forgotten attic find into a small fortune. 7．The city’s annual book fair is a for the mind,attracting authors and readers from around the globe with its diverse range of literary offerings. 8．Through a masterful blend of respect and innovation,the architect’s design allows the sleek,contemporary extension to sit with the time-worn original.The two structures,old and new,engage in a seamless conversation where clean modern lines and weathered historic stone complement rather than compete with one another. 9．We stand behind the quality of our product so firmly that we invite you to put it to the test risk-free.Your purchase is protected by a fully 30-day money-back guarantee,ensuring you can buy with the assurance of complete satisfaction or your money back. 10．At the heart of the AI revolution lies a host of complex dilemmas that society is only beginning to grapple with.We face a clash between unprecedented technological capability and our established moral frameworks,compelling us to redefine the boundaries of human responsibility and the very principles that will guide our future. Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海育才中学·期中） Complete the following passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adopter B．alarm C．annoying D．controlling E.economically F.feature G.frequently H.normal I.savings J.shifted K.spotted Is the Smart Home a Smart Choice? Depending on your perspective,my Brooklyn apartment is either a technological marvel or a confusing maze of digital assistants and unnecessary remote-control integration.For me,adjusting the living room temperature is as simple as saying,“Hey Siri,set living room to 72℉.”To my wife,however,it is a(n)11 process involving apps and Wi-Fi. I spent around$2,000 on this home technology,12 everything via a single app or my voice.As I don’t live alone,I’ve also installed conventional wall switches and a universal remote for the TV.This allows family visitors to operate things the“13”way:dialing a desired temperature on the thermostat(恒温器),flicking the lights on,and pressing the“on”button to watch news. Commercials promise a future of effortless control and entertainment at our fingertips or voice command.Yet,after four years in a smart home,my initial feeling of empowerment has 14 into dependence,mixed with anxiety. My smart thermostat promised 15 by adjusting temperatures only when necessary.However,I have observed no change in my electrical bills since its installation.It even alters temperatures randomly based on a learning algorithm that can’t make sense. Then there are the alarming security camera alerts.One night,while I was working late,my phone buzzed with an alert:“Person 16 in the living room.”I crazily checked the camera with its night vision on,but it revealed nothing;it was a false 17. Furthermore,while my smoke alarms can activate lights and call emergency services during a fire,their most practical function for me is the ability to turn them off.This is essential,as I enjoy frying food in cast iron,an activity that 18 triggers the alarm—a common experience for any New Yorker cooking a steak. As an early 19 eager to command devices by voice,I’ve realized that connecting every device to the Internet can be frightening.Despite the frustrations and the seeming irreversibility of this trend,a crucial comfort remains:most of these devices still keep their most important 20—a simple on and off switch. 话题5人物共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海风华中学·10月期中） Directions:After reading the passages below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one more word than you need. A．celebrates B．contribute C．challenges D．enthusiastic E.fulfilling F.large-scale G.measures H.flexible I.passions J.eventually K.structures Full steam ahead In an exhibition at the National Railway Museum in York,England,Lin Qi is featured as one of the“railway heroes”who helped key workers move around the country during the lockdown.Qi is part of a team working on HS2,a new high-speed railway that will 1 connect some of the UK’s biggest cities using trains that can travel up to 224 miles per hour. “The most rewarding thing about construction for me is getting to see a design on paper become a(n)physical project,”says Qi.With HS2,she also enjoys working on a project that is bringing new opportunities and creating new jobs.Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world is something she finds incredibly 2. Qi studied architecture at university before taking a job with an engineering company.Architecture involves designing buildings and structures,but Qi discovered that her true passion was in engineering,where she could work on 3 projects like railways.In her job,she feels 4 about connecting people,and she believes that trains and railways are a vital part of that connection. Engineering is all about using science and math to build machines and other 5,such as bridges,buildings,and railways.“It’s a sector still dominated by males,but this is changing fast,”says Qi.On June 23,International Women in Engineering Day 6 the work women are doing on big projects such as HS2.This year’s theme is“engineering heroes”,recognizing the contributions of women in this field. For anyone wanting to follow a similar career,Qi advises,“Have a goal in mind but be open-minded and 7”She says that five years ago,she wouldn’t have imagined that she would be working in this sort of job.However,she emphasizes that there is a lot of opportunity in engineering,not just for women but for everyone.She looks forward to new 8 and the chance to make a difference. Lin Qi’s story is an inspiring example of how following your 9 and being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career.Whether you’re interested in architecture,engineering,or another field,there are always ways to 10 to important projects and help connect people and communities. Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海上海中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．witness B．stripping C．unearthing D．weaving E.walking F.sealed G.subjective H.transformed I.simply J.Specifically K.presence Jane Goodall:More Than a Scientist Now more than ever,we must recognize that animals do matter.They are more than a living 11 to wilderness and unspoiled beauty.They deserve more out of life than to be victims in our failed efforts to coexist.Just as we appreciate individuality in people,so too much we value it in other animals. On Oct.1,2025,Jane Goodall passed away.Much of her amazing life is 12 in the legacy she leaves behind.In Colorado,Governor Jared Polis immediately proclaimed Oct.1,2025,as Jane Goodall Day.Her 13 will surely be everlasting.To share personal reflections on her life and legacy,we turn to two of her long-time collaborators:Marc,a wildlife filmmaker and producer who worked with Jane for over 30 years,and Marlon,a science writer and editor who helped shape Jane’s later writings and global messaging. Marc:Jane’s pioneering research 14 our understanding of chimpanzees.In November 1960,she observed David Greybeard making and using a tool by 15 leaves from a straw stick to extract termites(白蚁).This groundbreaking observation was initially met with doubts until she provided video evidence.Now we must redefine tool,redefine Man,or accept chimpanzees as humans. Jane also named the chimpanzees she observed,for which she was strongly criticized.“I was told that naming animals is too 16,”she recalled,“Individual differences in personalities 17 amounted to‘noise in the system.’”Large amounts of subsequent research have shown how wrong our critics were. Marlon:As a strong believer in the power of stories,I had long looked up to Goodall as a(n)18 encyclopedia for the natural world.For most of us,19 the formative moments of our lives is a voyage into vast and uncharted memories.Not so for Goodall,who cuts through the mist with ease,20 them together as if there had been no dead ends. 话题6自然共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海松江一中·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abundant B．attached C．attempts D．signs E.exposed F.flexible G.fragile H.samples I.scanner J.scarce K.steady Though it is not unusual to find marine animals under the Antarctica seafloor,researchers had always assumed that there would be few 1 of life farther away from open water and sunlight.However,the discovery of filter-feeding(滤食的)organisms—160 miles away from the open ocean,with temperatures of−2.2℃and under complete darkness—suggests that life in the world’s harshest environment may be more 2 than previously thought. In 2017,BAS geologist James Smith and his colleagues conducted a three-month expedition to the middle of Antarctica’s Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf,to collect 3 of the seafloor deposits.The team drilled through the half-mile of ice by pumping almost 20,000 liters of hot water through a pipe.After about 20 hours of painstaking work,they were finally able to reach the seabed underneath. However,when the scientists lowered the 4,along with a camera,to collect the soil,it came up empty.After multiple failed 5—each round trip taking about an hour—the researchers took a closer look at the footage and noticed a massive stone sitting amid the 6 flat seabed.Even more surprisingly,the rock was covered with stationary animals,like sponges(海绵)and potentially unknown species. The finding has confused many scientists given that certain organisms,such as sponges and coral polyps(珊瑚虫),which live their entire lives 7 to rocks,or other hard surfaces,need food supplies.In the open water,the“marine snow,”as the food is called,comes from 8 organic matter,which drifts down from the upper waters to the deep ocean.However,the species in such depth are too far from the open sea to receive 9 supplies of nutrients.To make matters worse,due to the area’s strong ocean currents,the food has to travel anywhere from 370 to 930 miles to get to them. “This is by far the furthest under an ice shelf that we’ve seen any of these filter-feeding animals,”said Smith.“These things are 10 on a rock and only get fed if something comes floating along.” Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海崇明中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．bodies B．contributions C．endangered D．generously E.independently F.inferior G.partnership H.persuaded I.productive J.regenerate K.shaded When Joe Gray cleared a patch of woodland on his Essex farm,he noticed that an abandoned farm pond sprang back to life after being exposed to sunlight.“It was a hole in the woods with some leaves in it.We didn’t think of it as a pond,”he said. Since then,he and his wife,Emma,have restored 11“zombie”ponds on their 450-hectare farm.They have also 11 neighboring farmers to restore 80 ponds within a three-mile radius near Braintree. Ponds that were dried up or 12 have been opened to sunlight and dug out.They are now filled with rare aquatic plants,dragonflies,and great-crested newts,while providing food and water for birds and bats. “It’s ideal for farmers,”said Emma Gray.“You spend a little and get a lot of biodiversity benefits in a(n)13 area for farming.You’re not taking 14 land out,but quickly build up a network for species to hop across a landscape.” This effort has been driven by the Essex Lost Ponds Project,a(n)15 between Essex Wildlife Trust and the RSPB．Volunteers have identified 17,200 ponds across the county,of which 10,400 have disappeared due to agricultural intensification in the 20th century. The Lost Ponds Project offers farmers free surveys identifying ghost or zombie ponds that can be restored along with funding opportunities,including 16 from house-builders.The Farming Wildlife and Advisory Group East also helps farmers access restoration funds. Some farmers are restoring ponds 17.At Faulkbourne estate,six of 49 old ponds have been revived without funding.“Our farmers are very supportive of wildlife,”said Darren Tansley of Essex Wildlife Trust.“For conservation 18,farmers,and citizen scientists to work together on this does us all some good.” Restored ponds benefit turtle doves,one of Britain’s most 19 birds,by providing fresh water near nesting sites.Other wildlife also flourishes.“It’s stepping stones for water voles,”said Tansley.“If you’ve got a seedbed in an old pond,you can 20 plants that haven’t grown there for 150 years.” 本文是一篇新闻类说明文，以余苗使用 AI 智能体怀念逝去友人的个人经历作为引子，介绍国内新规要求科技平台下架具备拟人陪伴属性的 AI 角色，以此防范用户产生情感依赖、损害现实人际关系。文章指出 AI 陪伴产业商业收益可观，会构建出让用户难以割舍的情感关系 【新素材· AI 角色架具备拟人陪伴属性】 A．considerable B．part C．customized D．vulnerable E.addicted F.dependence G.sticky H.unavailable I.expense J.contributor K.secure “I could talk to him for the rest of my life,”says Yu Miao,a 27-year-old woman from Zhejiang province;he is at once“a lover,a friend and family”.Ms Yu has 1 this AI agent on Doubao,a chatbot made by ByteDance,to mimic a dead friend of hers.When she learned recently that ByteDance would soon remove this type of personalized agent entirely,Ms Yu became so depressed that she left her job. Tech firms are removing human-like personas from their chatbots in order to comply with new government rules aimed at reducing“emotional 2”.The regulations,which took effect on July 15th,are the first of their kind to be implemented on a national scale.Companies can still offer such services to adults,but they will need to prevent users becoming 3 and harming their real-life relationships.Providers must also regularly remind users to take breaks. Around the world,growing numbers of people are turning general-purpose chatbots into companions by prompting them to adopt particular personalities.Others prefer dedicated AI-companion apps which offer more human-like features,such as virtual boyfriends that send presents in the real world(at the user’s 4,of course). Tech firms are making a(n)5 sum selling emotional connection:AI companions accounted for 35%of MiniMax’s revenue last year,its single largest 6,according to a filing to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in January.AI companionship can create 7 relationships,turning reliance into revenue.Take some bespoke(定制)apps,which charge a simple subscription fee—an easy way to get users to 8 with their money. The end to such relationships is motivated by both pragmatic and ideological concerns.Regulators want to protect users,particularly minors.In China,the government will impose penalties,such as cash fines and removing apps altogether.Yet the rules exclude work-assistant and customer-service chatbots on the understanding that they are emotionally 9. Still,Ms Yu has not given up hope that ByteDance will eventually bring her agent back,even if she doubts it will resemble the current version.She says she would be willing to pay half her monthly salary just to keep the service as it is.In any case,she now says she realizes that it is not a good idea to leave herself 10 to such platforms. 本文是一篇科普议论文，介绍摄影兼具艺术与科学双重属性。文章阐述成为一名真正的摄影师需要三大核心要素：洞察力、艺术构图能力以及专业技术；人眼与相机镜头视野存在差异，摄影师要学会筛选画面内容；同时摄影师不应完全依赖相机自带电子预设，要主动把控曝光、对焦等细节，发挥人的主观创作能力。 【新素材·摄影兼具艺术与科学双重属性】 A．creative B．exercised C．override D．potential E.temptation  F.framing G.stretching H.slighted  I.escaped J.intervention K.irrelevant When photography was first invented,it changed the world:what people saw could be recorded as it really was without the 11 of an artist.Photography as historical record has been very important ever since.But equally important,the very first pioneers saw that it too,was an art form,not merely a way to document reality.True photographers are artists of the camera. Photography is charming because it is both an art and a science.It is an art over which the photographer has 12 control but only to a certain extent:unlike a painter,you can only take photographs of what is there.If the sun is not shining,you cannot photograph sunlight.So you need to find a subject.But the greatest photographs are of subjects that would have 13 most people’s notice.The truly great photographers are those who can see,in their mind’s eye,the photograph that they can create through their vision,artistry and skill. Vision comes first.If you cannot see the 14,you can never be a true photographer.Artistry,by contrast,can be learned and developed:you can read a book or you take lessons.You can learn from a great practitioner.Perhaps the simplest aspect to describe is 15. The human eye has a huge field of view 16 almost 180 degrees.The lens of a camera,by contrast,has a very restricted field of view.This is both a curse and a blessing.Try as you might,you cannot capture the sheer scale of the human perspective of the world.But you can and must,select the image that you are attempting to snap—or rather to create.Look through the viewfinder:learn to see the world through the lens(镜头).Understand the difference it makes when you remove the 17 and select only what really matters.That is artistry. Next comes skill.This is the technical part.Skill is 18 long before you even start to look for a subject:there are a series of essential decisions which you have to take.Do you want to use a traditional roll-film camera or a digital one?Each of them has advantages and drawbacks.Now that all cameras are in effect mini computers,there is a(n)19 to leave much of the decision-making to the electronics inside but the true photographer will 20 the factory settings to retain control over the details of exposure,focus and contrast. 2 / 50 1 / 50 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题05选词填空6大常考话题 话题1社会现象与社会问题（难点） 话题2方法与策略（常考点） 话题3个人经历 话题4科学技术（难点） 话题5人物 话题6自然 1.第一步：标注方框单词词性（最关键） 在每个单词旁边简写：n.名词/v.动词/adj.形容词/adv.副词 动词额外标记：v‑ing（现在分词）、v‑ed（过去式/过去分词）。 不用背词义，先看词性，先缩小候选范围。 2.第二步：通读全文，把握主旨 快速读一遍短文，知道文章讲什么，把握整体感情：正向/负向。不看选项，看懂大意即可。 3.第三步：分析空格，判断空格需要什么词性 看空格前后单词，判断空格填：名词/动词/形容词/副词 填名词(n.)：空前有a/an/the/形容词；介词后面；复数看后面谓语单复数 填动词(v.)：空格作谓语，看时态、人称、单复数； 非谓语：to do/doing/done（前面有keep/by/逗号作伴随状语） 填形容词(adj.)：修饰名词；系动词(be/get/become)后面作表语 填副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词、整个句子 4.第四步：代入翻译，兼顾固定搭配，先易后难 简单空先填，填过的词划掉。剩下的空再从剩余词里选。 话题1社会现象与社会问题共9篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海控江中学·期中） Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．application B．boast C．contrast D．earn E.empowers F.engage G.following H.response I.subject J.tracks K.varying What Is a Social Media Influencer? The term“influencer”may seem like a fairly new addition to our word bank,but first uses date back to the 1660s.Still,its 1 to social media—relatively new in its own right—is a more recent phenomenon. While the“very first”commercial influencer may be lost somewhere in the records of history,product packaging and magazine adverts of the past provide a breadcrumb trail(蛛丝马迹)that 2 the early evolution of influencer marketing.From the Marlboro Man,to Santa Claus,imaginary characters have offered tried and true ways to establish a personalized connection between products and consumers.Eventually,these influential spokespersons led to the modern social media influencer—someone who has built a sizable 3 across one or more social media channels. Along with differences in size and reach,the channels,content formats,and categories will also shape the influencer definition to 4 degrees.Throughout the evolution of social media,its variety of platforms have continually changed in 5 to user behavior and expectations.Whether it’s YouTube,Instagram,Facebook,or Twitch,these social media channels offer influencers different ways to create,publish,and consume content,as well as 6 an audience. Thus,the influencer definition is 7 to change with the ever-changing social media scene,and all variables must be taken into consideration when defining social media influencers. Today,asking for the definition of an influencer—or even influencer marketing—could result in a large number of different answers.However,at their core,influencers are social media personalities with loyal audiences that they 8 by sharing content that inspires,entertains,informs,and connects them with their followers.This direct line of communication 9 influencers to generate social conversations,drive engagement,and ultimately,set trends among a receptive and socially wise audience. Social media influencers are generally categorized by two main tiers—micro-and macro-influencers.While micro-influencers have followings between 10,000 to 50,000,macro-influencers 10 audiences between 500,000 to 1 million.But these categories can be broken down even further to include the wide range of social media influencers. 【答案】 1．A 2．J 3．G 4．K 5．H 6．F 7．I 8．D 9．E 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了“社交媒体影响者”的定义及其演变历程，强调了影响者通过内容创作赋能受众、推动互动并引领趋势的核心作用，还分析了不同层级影响者的粉丝规模差异。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：然而，该术语在社交媒体领域的应用——社交媒体本身也相对较新——却是更近的现象。空处作主语，结合“to social media”可推知，A项application“应用”符合题意，application常和介词to搭配使用，表示“在社交媒体领域的应用”。故选A。 2．考查动词。句意：虽然“最早的”商业影响者可能湮灭在历史记录中，但过去的产品包装和杂志广告提供了追踪影响者营销早期发展的蛛丝马迹。空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，先行词是a breadcrumb trail，关系代词替代先行词在从句中作主语，结合“the early evolution of influencer marketing”可推知，J项tracks“追踪”符合题意，表示“追踪影响者营销早期发展”。故选J。 3．考查名词。句意：最终，这些有影响力的代言人催生了现代的社交媒体影响者——即在某个或多个社交平台上积累大量追随者的人。空处作built的宾语，结合“sizable”可推知，G项following“一批追随者”符合题意，通常用单数形式，表示“积累大量追随者”。故选G。 4．考查形容词。句意：除了规模和影响力的差异，平台、内容形式和类别也会以不同程度塑造“影响者”的定义。空处作修饰degrees的定语，结合“the channels,content formats,and categories will also shape the influencer definition”可推知，K项varying“不同的”符合题意，表示“以不同程度”。故选K。 5．考查名词。句意：在社交媒体的发展过程中，其多样化的平台不断根据用户行为和期望进行调整。空处作in的宾语，结合“to user behavior and expectations”可推知，H项response“反应”符合题意，短语in response to意为“作为对……的反应”，表示“根据用户行为和期望”。故选H。 6．考查动词。句意：无论是YouTube、Instagram、Facebook还是Twitch，这些社交平台为影响者提供了不同的方式来创作、发布和消费内容，同时吸引受众。as well as连接平行结构，结合“create,publish,and consume content”和“an audience”可推知，F项engage“吸引”符合题意，表示“吸引受众”。故选F。 7．考查形容词。句意：因此，“影响者”的定义会随着不断变化的社交媒体场景而变化，定义社交媒体影响者时必须考虑所有变量。空处作表语，结合“to change with the ever-changing social media scene”可推知，I项subject符合题意，短语be subject to意为“取决于，视……而定”，表示“随着不断变化的社交媒体场景而变化”。故选I。 8．考查动词。句意：然而，核心上，影响者是社交媒体上的知名人士，他们通过分享能激励、娱乐、教育和连接粉丝的内容来赢得忠实的受众。空处作that引导的定语从句的谓语，先行词是loyal audiences，关系代词替代先行词在从句中作主语，结合“by sharing content”可推知，D项earn“赢得”符合题意，表示“通过分享内容来赢得受众”。故选D。 9．考查动词。句意：这种直接的沟通方式使影响者能够推动社交对话、提高参与度，并最终在乐于接受且社交意识强的受众中引领趋势。空处作谓语，结合“influencers to generate social conversations”可推知，E项empowers“使能够”符合题意，短语empower sb.to do意为“使某人能够做某事”，表示“使影响者能够推动社交对话”。故选E。 10．考查动词。句意：微观影响者的粉丝数在1万到5万之间，而宏观影响者则拥有50万到100万的受众。空处作谓语，结合“micro-influencers have followings between 10,000 to 50,000”可推知，B项boast“有（值得自豪的东西）”符合题意，表示“拥有50万到100万的受众”。故选B。 Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海海事大学附属北蔡高级中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digesting B．distinction C．examine D．identical E.intervening F.live G.mixture H.perspective I.shock J.space K.texting A face-to-face communication—a thing of the past We all think we communicate all the time,and that’s true.There’s also non-verbal communication you could add into the mix—everything we’re saying when we’re not saying anything.But there’s a 11 between saying things to people,or liking and sharing a post on social media,and communication.I’m quite well connected—there’s Twitter,Facebook,Instagram,Snapchat,email...,but sometimes communication starts to feel like a chore.Check this blog post,read that article someone shared,12,back to someone else and answer their question… So it was quite a 13 to spend New Year in the Highlands in Scotland with no phone signal,no internet and no‘communication’at all,apart from with the people I was with.Suddenly all the pressure to communicate disappeared.All of our conversations became slower,more involved and far more interesting.We were a group of 12,a 14 of couples and friends,only one of whom I was at university with,so I was meeting a bunch of new people for the first time.Our conversations veered towards the banal and the humdrum in that we often discussed our plans for the day and what we were going to cook in the evening,but often they went a lot farther and a lot deeper.Tucked up on the leather sofas,15 dinner,we dissected Brexit and one person even changed their 16 entirely!We shared ideas and theories,plots of books and plays and city trips we’d been on,described family troubles and gave advice,listened to work scenarios and offered pointers,and we had to talk and sketch and use words more than ever before,because you couldn’t say,‘It’s a great film,you should google it later.’Some of us even had sore throats from talking so much!In such a short 17 of time,due to the proximity of sharing interconnected cottages and verbal communication,I felt much closer to the new people I’d met and been speaking with than some other people I communicate with in my normal life. I don’t think our common,current methods of communication come close to being in a small house with lots of people and having to communicate 18.The brevity(简洁)of Twitter,the showiness of Facebook,all these aspects contribute to a shallow form of communication that doesn’t challenge you to 19 your feelings and motives enough.‘Liking something is an instant response but what does it really say about your opinion of something?’It’s an 20 response to millions of other people,whereas you and your thought are unique.If you’re not careful,perhaps we might forget how to communicate on a deeper level! And what did my student mean?Were they distressed?Panicked?Melancholic?I’ll never know. 【答案】 11．B 12．K 13．I 14．G 15．A 16．H 17．J 18．F 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讨论了现代通信方式的缺点，它们很少能够达到与面对面交流相比的亲近程度和深度。笔者通过在苏格兰高地度过新年假期的经历，发现在没有手机信号和互联网的情况下，与人面对面交流更有趣、更亲近。文章认为现代通信方式存在表面化和肤浅的问题，缺乏让人们深思感受和动机的能力。 11．考查名词。句意：但在社交媒体上对人说话、点赞和分享帖子和交流是有区别的。，设空处使用名词作主语，结合“between saying things to people,or liking and sharing a post on social media,and communication”可知，名词distinction“区别”符合句意，表示有区别。故选B。 12．考查动词。句意：看看这篇博客，读读别人分享的文章，给别人发短信，回答他们的问题……，句中check、read和answer三个谓语动词构成并列，设空处是非谓语动词，结合“back to someone else”可知，动词text“发短信”符合句意，表示给别人发短信，表示动作伴随发生，用现在分词作状语。故选K。 13．考查名词。句意：所以，在苏格兰高地度过新年，没有手机信号，没有网络，除了和我在一起的人之外，没有任何“交流”，这对我来说是相当震惊的。，设空处使用名词作表语，结合“with no phone signal,no internet and no‘communication’at all”可知，名词shock“震惊”符合句意，表示这种情况相当震惊。故选I。 14．考查名词。句意：我们一共有12个人，有情侣也有朋友，只有一个是我的大学同学，所以我第一次认识了一群“新朋友”。，设空处介绍“我们”这12个人的身份情况，作表语，应用名词，结合“of couples and friends”可知，名词mixture“混合（物）”符合题意，表示有情侣也有朋友。故选G。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们蜷缩在皮沙发上，消化晚餐，剖析英国脱欧，有一个人甚至完全改变了他们的观点！，句子主干成分完整，设空处是非谓语动词，结合“dinner”可知，动词digest“消化”符合题意，此处表示动作伴随发生，故使用现在分词作状语。故选A。 16．考查名词。句意：我们蜷缩在皮沙发上，消化晚餐，剖析英国脱欧，有一个人甚至完全改变了他们的观点！，设空处使用名词作宾语，结合“we dissected Brexit”可知，名词perspective“观点，视角”符合题意，表示改变了他们的观点。故选H。 17．考查名词。句意：在这么短的时间里，由于住在彼此相连的小屋里，又有语言上的交流，相比于平时其他一些交流的人，我感觉自己与这些相遇并交谈的新人更亲近。，设空处使用名词作宾语，结合“of time”可知，名词space“空间”符合题意，in a short space of time为固定短语，意为“在短时间内”。故选J。 18．考查副词。句意：我不认为我们目前常用的通信方式能够媲美与许多人住在一个小屋子里并进行现场交流的情况。设空处使用副词作状语，结合“with lots of people and having to communicate”可知，副词live“现场地”符合题意，表示进行现场交流。故选F。 19．考查动词。句意：Twitter的简洁，Facebook的炫耀，所有这些方面都导致了一种肤浅的交流形式，无法让你充分审视自己的感受和动机。，设空处使用动词与空前的to构成不定式结构，结合“your feelings and motives enough”可知，动词examine“审视，检查”符合题意，表示充分审视自己的感受和动机。故选C。 20．考查形容词。句意：对数百万人来说，这是一个相同的反应，而你和你的想法是独一无二的。，设空处使用形容词作定语，结合“whereas you and your thoughts are unique”可知，形容词identical“相同的”符合题意，表示相同的反应。故选D。 Passage 3 （25‑26高二上·上海同济第一附中·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．contributor B．promoting C．crucial D．nominated E.contact F.rewarding G.identical H.enthusiasm I.substantially J.launching K.originally The Marketing of Tesla Cybertruck Tesla surprised the automobile industry by 21 the Cybertruck in a dramatic event that quickly drew worldwide attention.Unlike most new vehicle releases,this truck was introduced with a bold presentation that broke traditional rules.The Cybertruck looked strikingly different from conventional pickups,with sharp angles,stainless-steel panels,and a futuristic style that immediately caught the public eye.The design was 22 planned two years earlier,when Tesla engineers started testing new materials and structural ideas that could endure extreme use. One major 23 to its success was the advanced battery system,which gave the vehicle a longer driving range and lower long-term costs.Tesla knew that customers cared not only about speed and power but also about sustainability,so this technology became a central selling point. The marketing campaign also played an essential role.By 24 the Cybertruck through live demonstrations,online events,and constant social media conversations,Tesla built strong anticipation before mass production.This strategy was 25 for capturing global attention.Later,the marketing and design team was even 26 for international innovation awards,as their creative approach turned the Cybertruck into more than a product—it became a cultural discussion. Another key feature of Tesla’s strategy was keeping close 27 with customers.Feedback from early users influenced software updates and safety improvements.Many owners described driving a Cybertruck as a(an)28 experience because it combined tough-ness with environmental responsibility. The 29 of both the company and its loyal buyers pushed the project forward at high speed.Yet Tesla realized that markets are not completely 30.What excites American consumers may not appeal to those in Europe or Asia,where cultural values and regulations differ.While many reviews praised the Cybertruck’s bold vision,some critics raised concerns about its price,size,and unusual look. Still,the Cybertruck represents Tesla’s daring spirit.Through innovation,strong customer ties,and fearless marketing,the company showed how a single launch can reshape the global conversation about transportation. 【答案】 21．J 22．K 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．E 28．F 29．H 30．G 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了特斯拉Cybertruck的营销情况，包括其发布方式、设计背景、成功的关键因素、与客户的互动以及面临的市场差异等，展现了这款电动皮卡如何通过创新和大胆营销引发全球关注，成为文化讨论的焦点。 21．考查动词。句意：特斯拉在一场引人注目的活动中发布了Cybertruck，震惊了汽车行业，该活动迅速吸引了全球目光。介词by后面接动名词作宾语。根据句意“发布、推出（产品）”可知，此处为动词launch。故选J。 22．考查副词。句意：这一设计最初是在两年前规划的，当时特斯拉工程师开始测试可承受极端使用的新材料和结构理念。空格修饰动词planned，需用副词，根据句意“最初”可知，此处为副词originally。故选K。 23．考查名词。句意：其成功的一个主要促成因素是先进的电池系统，该系统为车辆提供了更长的续航里程和更低的长期成本。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词major，需填可数名词单数；根据句意“促成因素，贡献者”可知，此处为名词contributor。故选A。 24．考查动词。句意：通过现场演示、线上活动和持续的社交媒体讨论来推广Cybertruck，特斯拉在大规模生产前就建立了强烈的期待。空格前为介词By，后接动名词形式。根据句意“推广，宣传”可知，此处为动词promote。故选B。 25．考查形容词。句意：这一策略对于吸引全球关注至关重要。空格前为系动词was，需填形容词作表语；根据句意“至关重要的，决定性的”可知，此处为形容词crucial。故选C。 26．考查动词。后来，营销和设计团队甚至获得了国际创新奖提名，因为他们的创新方法使Cybertruck不仅仅是一款产品——它还成为了一个文化话题。空处作谓语，主语和谓语为被动关系，空格前为was，后接介词for，需填可与for搭配的动词过去分词，构成被动语态，根据句意“提名，推荐”可知，此处为动词nominate。故选D。 27．考查名词。句意：特斯拉策略的另一个关键特点是与客户保持密切联系。空格前有形容词close，需填名词；根据句意“联系，接触”可知，此处为名词contact，keep in contact with是固定短语，表示“与……保持联系”。故选E。 28．考查形容词。句意：许多车主表示，驾驶Cybertruck是一种有益的体验，因为它将耐用性与环境责任结合在了一起。修饰名词experience，需填形容词作定语；根据句意“有益的、值得的”可知，此处为形容词rewarding。故选F。 29．考查名词。句意：公司及其忠实买家的热情推动了该项目高速推进。空格前有定冠词The，需填名词作主语；根据句意“热情”可知，此处为名词enthusiasm。故选H。 30．考查形容词。句意：然而，特斯拉意识到，市场并非完全相同。空格前为系动词are，需填形容词作表语；根据句意“相同的，完全一样的”可知，此处为形容词identical，作定语。故选G。 Passage 4 （24‑25高二上·上海浦东新区·期中练习） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．revealed B．consumption C．complexities D．sought-after E.priced F.lottery G.performance H.adorable I.functional J.unchecked K.necessities Beijing-based Pop Mart estimated that its third-quarter revenue increased by 120 to 125 percent in a business update.Analysts said the 31 of China’s leading blind box toy retailer had“far exceeded market expectations”. Pop Mart has millions of young fans who may not earn a lot but seem generous spenders on small toys that offer them emotional and social value. Products like blind box toys,odd accessories and decorative items have become highly 32,especially among young people.Such items,often not necessarily 33,serve as sources of comfort,entertainment or self-expression. The blind box economy is based on the sale of products in packaging that hides the item’s appearance or specific design,creating a sense of mystery that is only 34 on opening.There is also a 35 element of possibly acquiring a rare item with a higher potential resale value. A small Pop Mart blind box is normally 36 between 69 and 79 yuan(US$9.70 to US$11)and larger ones can sell for several thousand yuan. Cao Zuo,a university student in Shanghai who is a fan of Pop Mart’s toys,said that people who continue to buy blind boxes are“paying for love”as they contain“37”products that“provide a kind of mental satisfaction”.In this sense,China’s Gen Z are seeking solace through“emotional consumption”. “Young people also tend to be impulse buyers with 38 spending habits and dare to take unknown risks,”she said. Mo Daiqing,a senior analyst at the China E-Commerce Research Centre,said despite their relatively high prices,such items are still affordable to most people because they are not frequently consumed daily 39. “People are also focusing more on the shopping experience,which some of the brands,such as Jellycat,do quite well,making consumers feel happy and relaxed,”she added. In fact,such toys sold in blind boxes are not only targeted at children,but adults as well.Maybe Labubu can offer a retreat into an illusion of childhood simplicity,to escape the 40 that overwhelm our adult world.In a moment of global markets and mass production,maybe the fantasy of limited availability substitutes for creativity or specialness. 【答案】 31．G 32．D 33．I 34．A 35．F 36．E 37．H 38．J 39．K 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文分析中国盲盒玩具市场。Pop Mart营收增长，盲盒因其情感价值受欢迎。文章探讨其消费特点、心理满足及对成人的吸引力，认为其提供情感寄托，有别于日常消费。 【详解】31．考查名词。句意：分析人士表示，中国领先的盲盒玩具零售商的表现“远远超出了市场预期”。根据前文“Beijing-based Pop Mart estimated that its third-quarter revenue increased by 120 to 125 percent in a business update.(总部位于北京的泡泡玛特估计，其第三季度收入在业务更新中增长了120%至125%。)”可知，泡泡玛特第三季度的收入增长幅度很大，所以此处表示分析人士认为泡泡玛特的表现“远远超出了市场预期”，设空处使用名词作主语，performance意为“表现”，为不可数名词。故选G。 32．考查形容词。句意：盲盒玩具、奇形怪状的配饰和装饰品等产品变得非常受欢迎，尤其是在年轻人中。根据后文“Such items,often not necessarily____3____,serve as sources of comfort,entertainment or self-expression.(这类物品通常不一定具有实用性，但可以作为安慰、娱乐或自我表达的来源。)”以及常识可知，盲盒玩具、奇形怪状的配饰和装饰品等产品很受年轻人欢迎，设空处使用形容词作表语，sought-after意为“受欢迎的”，符合句意。故选D。 33．考查形容词。句意：这类物品通常不一定具有实用性，但可以作为安慰、娱乐或自我表达的来源。根据后文“serve as sources of comfort,entertainment or self-expression(可以作为安慰、娱乐或自我表达的来源)”可知，这类物品不一定具有实用性，设空处使用形容词修饰前文的“物品”，functional意为“实用的”，符合句意。故选I。 34．考查动词时态和语态。句意：盲盒经济是基于销售包装隐藏物品外观或特定设计的产品，创造了一种只有在打开时才能揭开的神秘感。根据前文“creating a sense of mystery(创造了一种神秘感)”以及后文“on opening(在打开时)”可知，这种神秘感在打开包装时才会被揭开，设空处使用动词过去分词与前文的is作that引导定语从句的谓语，reveal意为“揭开，揭露”，此处使用过去分词，与前文构成一般现在时的被动语态，符合句意。故选A。 35．考查名词。句意：还有一种可能获得具有更高潜在转售价值的稀有物品的彩票元素。根据后文“possibly acquiring a rare item with a higher potential resale value(可能获得具有更高潜在转售价值的稀有物品)”可知，购买盲盒还有一种类似彩票中奖的元素，设空处使用名词作定语，lottery意为“彩票”，符合句意。故选F。 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：一个小型的泡泡玛特盲盒通常定价在69元到79元(9.70美元到11美元)之间，大型的盲盒可以卖到几千元。根据后文“between 69 and 79 yuan(69元到79元之间)”可知，此处表示小型泡泡玛特盲盒的定价，设空处使用动词过去分词与前文的is构成一般现在时的被动语态，作谓语，priced意为“定价”，符合句意。故选E。 37．考查形容词。句意：上海大学生曹佐是泡泡玛特玩具的粉丝，她说，继续购买盲盒的人是在“为爱买单”，因为盲盒里装着“可爱”的产品，“提供了一种精神上的满足”。根据后文“provide a kind of mental satisfaction(提供了一种精神上的满足)”可知，盲盒里的产品很可爱，设空处使用形容词作定语，adorable意为“可爱的”，符合句意。故选H。 38．考查形容词。句意：她说：“年轻人也倾向于冲动购物，消费习惯不受约束，敢于承担未知的风险。”根据后文“dare to take unknown risks(敢于承担未知的风险)”可知，年轻人的消费习惯不受约束，设空处使用形容词作定语，unchecked意为“不受约束的”，符合句意。故选J。 39．考查名词。句意：中国电子商务研究中心高级分析师莫岱青表示，尽管这些商品的价格相对较高，但由于它们不是日常必需品，大多数人仍然买得起。根据前文“such items are still affordable to most people(大多数人仍然买得起这些商品)”以及后文“not frequently consumed(不经常被消费)”可知，这些商品不是日常必需品，所以大多数人仍然买得起，设空处使用名词作宾语，necessities意为“必需品”，符合句意。故选K。 40．考查名词。句意：也许拉布布可以提供一个退回到童年简单幻想的避难所，以逃避成年世界的复杂性。根据前文“an illusion of childhood simplicity(童年简单的幻想)”以及后文“overwhelm our adult world(压倒我们的成人世界)”可知，此处表示逃避成年世界的复杂性，设空处使用名词作宾语，complexities意为“复杂性”，符合句意。故选C。 Passage 5 （25‑26高二上·上海复旦附中·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．appreciated B．attacks C．contributing D．crucial E.contacts F.disagreeable G.lowered H.opposing I.promote J.recognize K.social Afraid to be different? I worked with Frank for several years.He’s someone you might describe as“41”.Frank was kind,but he was also quick to speak his mind,especially when he thought something wasn’t right. At times,Frank annoyed others the wrong way.While some misunderstood him,most 42 him for keeping it real.What Frank demonstrated was the importance of healthy disagreement,an ability to openly,honestly and respectfully voice a(n)43 opinion,instead of simply agreeing with what’s presented.It is a 44 quality for any successful team or family.A culture of healthy disagreement improves the quality of a team’s work,drives innovation and helps teams avoid groupthink. Of course,to keep disagreements healthy,everyone involved must maintain mutual respect.Without respect,disagreement can easily turn into personal 45,destroying the culture of a team.However,healthy disagreement can be difficult to achieve.Many people are naturally agreeable.While being agreeable helps 46 harmony,it can also make it hard to offer constructive criticism.Moreover,people feel 47 pressure to agree with others,even when they don’t understand or agree with the reasons,which is due to peer pressure The good news is that just one person speaking up can make a difference.In Asch’s studies,when a single person voiced the correct answer,the number of subjects willing to agree dramatically 48. To practice healthy disagreement,start by reflecting:“If I don’t speak up now,will I regret it later?”When you express a different view,be respectful.It’s often not what you say,but how you say it that matters.If you’re more outspoken,keep 49 your ideas while remembering to listen to others.If you’re quieter,try to respect those who speak and 50 the value they bring to the group.Ultimately,healthy disagreement isn’t about winning arguments,but about working together to find the best solutions. 【答案】 41．F 42．A 43．H 44．D 45．B 46．I 47．K 48．G 49．C 50．J 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文以Frank为例，阐述健康分歧的重要性，指出其需尊重，提及实现难点与阿希实验佐证，还给出实践建议。 【详解】41．考查形容词。句意：他是那种你可能会形容为“令人不快”的人。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词作表语，disagreeable，表“令人不快的、不讨人喜欢的”，呼应后文“Frank有时会惹恼别人”的语境。故选F。 42．考查动词。句意：虽然有些人误解他，但大多数人都欣赏他的坦诚。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词作谓语，appreciated，表“欣赏、赞赏”，与前文“误解”形成转折，符合“多数人认可他真实性格”的语境。故选A。 43．考查形容词。句意：弗兰克所展现的是健康分歧的重要性——一种公开、诚实且尊重地表达反对意见的能力，而非简单认同所呈现的内容。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词opinion，opposing，表“反对的、相反的”，契合“健康分歧即表达不同观点”的核心含义。故选H。 44．考查形容词。句意：这对于任何成功的团队或家庭来说都是一项关键品质。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词quality，crucial，表“至关重要的”，呼应后文“健康分歧能提升工作质量、推动创新”的重要性描述。故选D。 45．考查名词。句意：没有尊重，分歧很容易演变成人身攻击，破坏团队文化。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作宾语，attacks，表“攻击”，符合“无尊重的分歧会引发冲突”的逻辑。故选B。 46．考查动词。句意：虽然随和有助于促进和谐，但也可能让人难以提出建设性批评。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词原形与help构成“help do”结构，promote，表“促进、推动”，契合“随和性格对和谐的积极作用”的语境。故选I。 47．考查形容词。句意：此外，人们会感受到社交压力，不得不认同他人，即使他们不理解或不同意其中的原因，这源于同伴压力。分析句子结构可知，此空应填形容词修饰名词pressure，social，表“社交的”，与后文“peer pressure(同伴压力)”相呼应。故选K。 48．考查动词。句意：在阿希的研究中，当有一个人说出正确答案时，愿意认同错误答案的受试者数量大幅下降。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词作谓语，lowered，表“降低、减少”，符合“有人发声后，从众行为减少”的实验结果语境。故选G。 49．考查动词。句意：如果你更直言不讳，要持续分享你的想法，同时记得倾听他人。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词-ing形式与keep构成“keep doing”结构，contributing，表“贡献、提供”，契合“直言不讳者分享观点”的语境。故选C。 50．考查动词。句意：如果你比较安静，试着尊重那些发言的人，并认可他们为团队带来的价值。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词原形与try to构成“try to do”结构，recognize，表“认可、承认”，符合“安静者尊重并肯定他人价值”的逻辑。故选J。 Passage 6 （25‑26高二上·上海大同中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．contribute B．argue C．provided D．fair E.justified F.defense G.similarly H.private I.total J.force K.maintain One principle of taxation,called the benefit principle(受益原则),states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services.This principle tries to make public goods similar to 51 goods.It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in 52 for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes.And 53 a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit. The gasoline tax,for instance,is sometimes 54 under the benefits principle.In some states,revenues(收益)from the gasoline tax are used to build and 55 roads.Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads,the gasoline tax might be viewed as a 56 way to pay this government service. The benefits principle can also be used to 57 that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones,simply because the wealthy benefit more from public services.Consider,for example,the benefits of police protection from theft.Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from the police than those with less to protect.Therefore,according to the benefits principle,the wealthy should 58 more than the poor to the cost of maintaining the police 59.The same argument can be used for many other public services,such as fire protection,national 60,and the court system. 【答案】 51．H 52．I 53．G 54．E 55．K 56．D 57．B 58．A 59．J 60．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主题是：税收的受益原则，即人们应根据从政府服务中获得的利益来纳税，并通过举例对该原则进行了说明。 【详解】51．考查形容词。句意：这一原则试图使公共物品与私人物品相似。分析句子可知，空格处修饰名词goods，应用形容词，private“私人的”为形容词，符合“将公共物品类比私人物品”的语境。故选H项。 52．考查名词。句意：一个经常去看电影的人在电影票上的总花费比很少去的人多，这似乎是合理的。分析句子可知，空格处作介词in的宾语，应用名词，total“总数”，in total“总共”为固定短语，符合句意。故选I项。 53．考查副词。句意：同样，从公共物品中获得巨大利益的人应该比获得很少利益的人支付更多的费用。分析句子可知，空格处修饰整个句子，应用副词，similarly“同样地”为副词，符合前后举例类比的语境。故选G项。 54．考查动词。句意：例如，汽油税有时根据受益原则是合理的。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语动词，可能跟is共同构成被动语态，justified“证明……合理”为动词的过去分词形式，符合“汽油税符合受益原则”的语境。故选E项。 55．考查动词。句意：在一些州，汽油税的收入被用来修建和维护道路。分析句子可知，空格处与build并列，应用动词原形，maintain“维护”为动词原形，符合“修建并维护道路”的语境。故选K项。 56．考查形容词。句意：因为购买汽油的人就是使用道路的人，所以汽油税可能被视为支付这项政府服务的公平方式。分析句子可知，空格处修饰名词way，应用形容词，fair“公平的”为形容词，符合“汽油税是公平的付费方式”的语境。故选D项。 57．考查动词。句意：受益原则也可以用来论证富有的公民应该比贫穷的公民缴纳更高的税，仅仅因为富人从公共服务中受益更多。分析句子可知，空格处为不定式作目的状语，应用动词原形，argue“论证；主张”为动词原形，符合“用原则论证观点”的语境。故选B项。 58．考查动词。句意：因此，根据受益原则，富人应该比穷人更多地为维持警察力量的成本做出贡献。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语动词，should后应用动词原形，contribute“贡献”为动词原形，contribute to“为……做贡献”为固定短语，符合句意。故选A项。 59．考查名词。句意：因此，根据受益原则，富人应该比穷人更多地为维持警察力量的成本做出贡献。分析句子可知，空格处作maintaining的宾语，应用名词，force“力量；武力”，police force“警察力量，警力”为固定短语，符合句意。故选J项。 60．考查名词。句意：同样的论点也可以用于许多其他公共服务，如消防、国防和法院系统。分析句子可知，空格处与fire protection、the court system并列，应用名词，defense“防御；国防”为名词，national defense“国防”为固定短语，符合句意。故选F项。 Passage 7 （25‑26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．constantly B．competitors C．recognizing D．exposed E.assessing F.suffered G.remarkably H.risk I.predicted J.practice K.counterparts The long-term impact of peer bullying may be even more severe than that of adult maltreatment,according to a recent study. In a large sample of English children,those 61 to bullying were 60%more likely to develop psychological issues in adulthood than those who had 62 physical,emotional,or sexual abuse.In can while,in a parallel U.S.study,the 63 of mental disorders was nearly four times higher among bullying victims than among those who experienced child abuse. The findings,published in The Lancet Psychiatry,highlight the urgency of 64 bullying as a critical public health concern.While 65 the mental health risks,researchers controlled variables such as gender,family adversity,and socioeconomic status—all potential factors that could affect the outcome. A history of child abuse was 66 associated with a higher risk of mental illness among the American participants,though not so obvious among their British 67.Nonetheless,in both nations,exposure to bullying 68 poorer mental health outcomes.Figures show that bullied children were 70%more likely to develop depression or to 69 self-harming behaviors than those with a history of family abuse. Overall,the damage caused by bullying 70 emerge in future life.Victims may find themselves repeatedly confused with the same negative thought patterns,years or even decades after the bullying has ended. 【答案】 61．D 62．F 63．H 64．C 65．E 66．G 67．K 68．I 69．J 70．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文基于两项跨国（英国、美国）研究结果，客观阐述同伴霸凌对成年后心理健康的长期影响。 【详解】61．考查过去分词。句意：在英国大量儿童样本中，那些遭受霸凌的孩子成年后出现心理问题的概率，比遭受过身体、情感或性虐待的孩子高出60%。分析：空格前为代词those（指代children），后接介词to，需填入能与to搭配的过去分词作后置定语，构成“be+过去分词+to”结构。选项D（exposed）符合固定搭配“be exposed to”（遭受；暴露于），代入后贴合“遭受霸凌的孩子”的语境。故填D。 62．考查动词。句意：在英国大量儿童样本中，那些遭受霸凌的孩子成年后出现心理问题的概率，比遭受过身体、情感或性虐待的孩子高出60%。空格前为助动词had，需填入过去分词构成过去完成时，强调“遭受虐待”发生在“出现心理问题”之前。选项F(suffered)意为“遭受；经历”。故填F。 63．考查名词。句意：与此同时，在美国一项类似研究中，霸凌受害者患精神疾病的风险比遭受儿童虐待的人高出近四倍。分析：空格前为定冠词the，后为介词of，需填入名词作主语，构成“the+名词+of”结构。选项H(risk)意为“风险”，表示“患精神疾病的风险”，与后文“a higher risk of mental illness”语义呼应，符合研究数据对比的语境。故填H。 64．考查动名词。句意：这些发表在《柳叶刀·精神病学》上的研究结果，强调了将霸凌视为重大公共健康问题的紧迫性。分析：空格前为介词of，需填入动名词作宾语，构成“the urgency of doing sth”（做某事的紧迫性）。选项C(recognizing)意为“承认；认定”，符合固定搭配“recognize...as...”（将……认定为……），代入后体现“将霸凌认定为公共健康问题”的核心语义，贴合“强调问题严重性”的语境。故填C。 65．考查现在分词。句意：在评估心理健康风险时，研究人员控制了性别、家庭困境和社会经济地位等变量——这些都是可能影响结果的潜在因素。空格前为连词while，后接宾语the mental health risks，需填入现在分词构成时间状语（while+doing sth），逻辑主语researchers与动作“评估”构成主动关系。选项E（assessing）意为“评估；评定”，代入后符合“研究过程中评估风险”的逻辑。故填E。 66．考查副词。句意：在美国参与者中，儿童时期受虐的经历与更高的精神疾病风险显著相关，尽管在英国对应人群中这种相关性并不明显。空格后为形容词associated，需填入副词修饰形容词，体现“相关性”的程度。选项G(remarkably)意为“显著地；非常地”，与后文“though not so obvious”（尽管不明显）形成转折对比。故填G。 67．考查名词。句意：在美国参与者中，儿童时期受虐的经历与更高的精神疾病风险显著相关，尽管在英国对应人群中这种相关性并不明显。空格前为形容词性物主代词their（指代American participants），需填入名词复数指代“英国的对应参与者”。选项K(counterparts)意为“对应的人；同行”，特指不同群体中地位、身份相当的人，完美契合英美两国研究样本对比的语境。故填K。 68．考查动词。句意：尽管如此，在两个国家中，遭受霸凌都预示着更差的心理健康结果。空格处为句子谓语动词，主语为exposure to bullying（不可数名词短语），全文围绕研究发现展开，需用一般过去时。选项I(predicted)意为“预示；预测”，体现霸凌与心理健康结果的因果关联，后文“Figures show that...”的数据的是对该结论的支撑。故填I。 69．考查动词。句意：数据显示，遭受霸凌的孩子患上抑郁症或出现自残行为的概率，比有家庭虐待史的孩子高出70%。分析：空格前为不定式符号to，需填入动词原形，与develop depression并列，构成“be likely to do sth”（有可能做某事）。选项J(practice)此处意为“出现；实施”，侧重某种行为的发生或持续，表示“出现自残行为”，符合心理健康问题的语境。故填J。 70．考查副词。句意：总体而言，霸凌造成的伤害会在未来生活中持续显现。空格后为动词emerge，需填入副词修饰动词，体现“伤害显现”的时间特征。选项A(constantly)意为“持续地；不断地”与后文“repeatedly confused with the same negative thought patterns”（反复陷入相同的负面思维模式）语义呼应，强调霸凌影响的长期性和持续性。故填A。 Passage 8 （25‑26高二上·上海市民办文绮中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following two passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that for each passage there is ONE WORD MORE than you need. A．thin B．assumes C．intensifies D．evenly E.universal F.highlights G.tangible H.halfway I.consistent J.lingers K.overwhelming Study,stress,repeat Every fall,university students across the country brace themselves for the same academic storm:midterms.Libraries fill up,coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus becomes almost 71. But as another testing season passes,a question 72:are midterms helping students learn,or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal poll of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years,a small portion of students defended midterms,saying they help gauge what they’ve learned and where they need to improve.But the 73 majority voiced frustration,describing midterms as“pointless,”“stressful”and“unnecessary pressure”that often hurts more than it helps. This mix of opinions 74 a larger truth:while midterms were designed to assess understanding and encourage 75 study habits,the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals.Instead,they’ve become a high-stakes ritual that fuels stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view,those who actually appreciate midterms.A few students admitted that,as much as they dread the exams,they see the value in them.They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education.This perspective reflects the original purpose of midterms:to provide both students and professors with feedback 76 through the semester.Ideally,a midterm helps students identify their weak areas,allowing them to adjust their study habits before the end of the term.It also gives instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. There’s also the argument that midterms build academic discipline.By forcing students to review material mid-semester,they can prevent last-minute cramming at the end.Some students even find that the stress,while unpleasant,motivates them to stay engaged. However,this sentiment is far from 77.For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment.Many students describe midterms as one of the most stressful parts of college life.They talked about how,with all the other projects and assignments that professors assign during midterms week,an exam on top of all of that is too much. And that’s the heart of the issue.For all the talk about midterms fostering discipline,they often just amplify stress to unhealthy levels.A lot of stress can significantly impact mental health,leading to sleep deprivation,anxiety and even depression.When every class demands a major exam within the same week period,students are stretched 78 and tend to prioritize test performance over genuine understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms rarely reflect real learning.Memorizing formulas,flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade,but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension.A lot of students still procrastinate and wait until the last minute to study,spending all night trying to understand the material.This cycle of cramming and forgetting isn’t real education.Instead of promoting critical thinking or mastery,midterms can turn learning into a competition of who can endure the most pressure. The problem isn’t that exams are bad.Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know.But the way we test that knowledge needs to change.Midterms belong to the traditional system that 79 exams are the best measure of knowledge,an idea that feels outdated in an age when education is increasingly about application,collaboration and creativity. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely,but they do need to be changed.If they are going to continue,they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress.That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization,spreading assignments more 80 throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. 【答案】 71．G 72．J 73．K 74．F 75．I 76．H 77．E 78．A 79．B 80．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕期中考试展开讨论，阐述了学生对其的不同看法、存在的问题及改进建议。 【详解】71．考查形容词。句意：图书馆爆满，咖啡消费量飙升，校园里的集体压力几乎触手可及。空处作表语，结合上“Libraries fill up,coffee consumption skyrockets”可知，此处指压力很明显，触手可及，形容词tangible“触手可及的”符合题意。故选G。 72．考查动词。句意：但随着又一个考试季过去，一个问题萦绕不去：期中考试是在帮助学生学习，还是仅仅是另一种弊大于利的过时学术传统？文章整体为一般现在时，空处作谓语，主语a question为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，结合语境，这个关于期中考试价值的问题一直存在，动词lingers“萦绕；持续存在”符合题意。故选J。 73．考查形容词。句意：但绝大多数学生表达了不满，称期中考试“毫无意义”“压力山大”且是“不必要的负担”，往往弊大于利。空处修饰名词majority，需填形容词，前文提及“a small portion of students defended midterms”，此处形成对比，指大部分学生持反对态度，形容词overwhelming“压倒性的，绝大多数的”符合题意。故选K。 74．考查动词。句意：这种不同的观点凸显了一个更普遍的事实：虽然期中考试的初衷是评估学生的理解程度并鼓励他们养成稳定的学习习惯，但实际情况是，这些目标往往难以实现。文章为一般现在时，主语This mix of opinions为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，结合语境，多样的观点让背后的事实更突出，动词highlights“凸显；强调”符合题意。故选F。 75．考查形容词。句意：这种不同的观点凸显了一个更普遍的事实：虽然期中考试的初衷是评估学生的理解程度并鼓励他们养成稳定的学习习惯，但实际情况是，这些目标往往难以实现。空处修饰名词study habits，需填形容词，结合常识可知，期中考试的目的之一是引导学生形成良好的学习习惯，形容词consistent“稳定的，一贯的”符合“良好学习习惯”的语境。故选I。 76．考查副词。句意：这种观点反映了期中考试的初衷：在学期进行到一半时，为学生和教授提供反馈。空处修饰动词provide，需填副词，结合前文“a checkpoint in their education(学业中的一个检查点)”可知，期中考试在学期中途进行，副词halfway“中途地，在半途”符合题意。故选H。 77．考查形容词。句意：然而，这种观点远非普遍存在。空处作表语，需填形容词，前文提及少数学生认可期中考试，后文转折说明“For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check”可知，认可的观点并不普遍，形容词universal“普遍的”符合题意。故选E。 78．考查形容词。句意：当所有课程都要求在同一周内进行大型考试时，学生们身心俱疲，并且往往会优先关注考试成绩而非真正理解知识。此处为固定搭配be stretched thin，意为“筋疲力尽；分身乏术”，形容词thin符合该搭配，体现学生面对密集考试的压力状态。故选A。 79．考查动词。句意：期中考试属于那种认为考试是衡量知识最佳方式的传统体系，而在这个日益注重应用、协作和创造力的时代，这种观念已然过时。文章为一般现在时，定语从句中主语that指代the traditional system，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，结合下文“exams are the best measure of knowledge”可知，此处指传统教育体系认为“考试衡量知识”，动词assumes“认为；假定”符合题意。故选B。 80．考查副词。句意：这意味着考试设计应侧重考察理解能力而非记忆能力，在整个学期中更均衡地安排作业，并为学习方式不同的学生提供灵活的选择。空处修饰动词spreading，需填副词，结合前文提及的期中考试集中带来的压力，此处建议作业分布更合理，副词evenly“均衡地，均匀地”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 9 （27届高三上·上海实验学校·9月月考） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．universal B．assess C．evenly D．glorifies E.genuine F.fuels G.perspective H.prioritize I.rarely J.approach K.arises Every fall,university students across the country prepare themselves for the same academic storm:midterms.Libraries fill up,coffee consumption skyrockets and the collective stress on campus mounts. But as another testing season passes,a question 81:are midterms helping students learn,or are they just another outdated academic tradition that does more harm than good? In an informal study of about 30 University of Idaho students from various majors and years,a small portion of students defended midterms.But the overwhelming(压倒性的)majority voiced frustration. This mix of opinions highlights a larger truth:while midterms were designed to 82 understanding and encourage consistent study habits,the reality is that they often fail to achieve those goals.Instead,they’ve become a ritual that 83 stress and burnout rather than meaningful learning. Let’s start with the minority view,those who actually appreciate midterms.They said that midterms give them a checkpoint in their education. This 84 reflects the original purpose of midterms:to provide both students and professors with feedback halfway through the semester.Ideally,a midterm helps students identify their weak areas,while giving instructors insight into how well their teaching methods are working. However,this feeling is far from 85.For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment.And that’s the heart of the issue.Midterms often just increase stress to unhealthy levels.When every class demands a major exam within the same week period,students are stretched thin and tend to 86 test performance over true understanding. Another common complaint is that midterms 87 reflect real learning.Memorizing formulas,flashcards or historical dates might yield a good grade,but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension. The problem isn’t that exams are bad.Students should absolutely be evaluated on what they know.But the way we test that knowledge needs to change.Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure while still providing feedback throughout the semester.This 88 is more in line with how real-world learning works:increasing gradually,reflective and applied. Midterms don’t have to disappear completely,but they do need to be changed.If they are going to continue,they should be reimagined as tools for learning rather than reasons for stress.That means designing exams that test understanding instead of memorization,spreading assignments more 89 throughout the semester and providing flexible options for students who learn differently. Universities also need to address the culture surrounding midterms,one that 90 all-nighters,caffeine overloads and burnout as signs of dedication.Academic strictness does not have to mean academic suffering. 【答案】 81．K 82．B 83．F 84．G 85．A 86．H 87．I 88．J 89．C 90．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨大学期中考试的利弊，指出其初衷是评估学习情况，但如今常加剧压力，建议改革考试方式以促进真正学习。 【详解】81．考查动词。句意：但随着又一个考试季过去，一个问题浮现出来：期中考试是在帮助学生学习，还是只是另一个弊大于利的过时学术传统？根据“a question”可知，此处指问题出现，arises意为“出现，产生”，符合“考试季过后引发思考”的语境。故选K。 82．考查动词。句意：这种观点的混合凸显了一个更大的事实：虽然期中考试的设计初衷是评估学生的理解程度并鼓励持续的学习习惯，但实际上它们往往未能实现这些目标。根据“understanding”及考试的作用可知，此处指评估学生对知识的理解，assess意为“评估，评定”，符合“考试检测学习效果”的初衷。故选B。 83．考查动词。句意：相反，它们已经变成了一种加剧压力和倦怠，而非促进有意义学习的惯例。根据“stress and burnout”可知，此处指期中考试会加重学生的压力，fuels意为“加剧，激起”，符合“考试带来负面情绪”的语境。故选F。 84．考查名词。句意：这种观点反映了期中考试的初衷：在学期过半时为学生和教授提供反馈。根据前文“those who actually appreciate midterms”可知，此处指支持期中考试的学生的看法，perspective意为“观点，看法”，符合语境。故选G。 85．考查形容词。句意：然而，这种感受远非普遍存在。根据后文“For most students,midterms feel less like a helpful progress check and more like a punishment”可知，只有少数学生认可期中考试，这种感受并不普遍，universal意为“普遍的”，符合“少数与多数观点对比”的逻辑。故选A。 86．考查动词。句意：当每门课都要求在同一周内进行大型考试时，学生们会不堪重负，往往会优先考虑考试成绩而非真正的理解。根据“test performance over true understanding”可知，此处指学生更重视考试分数，prioritize意为“优先考虑”，符合“学生应对多门考试时的取舍”的语境。故选H。 87．考查副词。句意：另一个常见的抱怨是，期中考试很少能反映真正的学习效果。根据后文“Memorizing formulas...might yield a good grade,but it doesn’t guarantee long-term comprehension”可知，靠死记硬背取得的成绩不能体现真正的学习，rarely意为“很少，难得”，符合“学生质疑考试价值”的语境。故选I。 88．考查名词。句意：这种方法更符合现实世界中的学习方式：循序渐进、反思性和应用性。根据前文“Many professors have started to use quizzes that reduce pressure”可知，此处指教授采用的小测验这种新方式，approach意为“方法，方式”，符合“替代期中考试的新举措”的语境。故选J。 89．考查副词。句意：这意味着设计考查理解而非记忆的考试，在整个学期中更均匀地分配作业，并为学习方式不同的学生提供灵活的选择。根据“spreading assignments”可知，此处指作业分配更均衡，evenly意为“均匀地，平均地”，符合“减轻学生集中备考压力”的改革思路。故选C。 90．考查动词。句意：大学还需要改变围绕期中考试的文化，这种文化将通宵熬夜、过量摄入咖啡因和身心俱疲吹捧为敬业的象征。根据“all-nighters...as signs of dedication”可知，此处指错误的校园文化将备考的痛苦行为美化，glorifies意为“吹捧，美化”，符合“批判不良学术文化”的语境。故选D。 话题2方法与策略共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivating B．delayers C．temptation D．effectively E.motivational F.energized G.scheduling H.favorable I.identify J.vision K.monitored It is tempting,when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse,to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point.“Oh well,”you might say,surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer.“No willpower,that’s my problem.” But,according to a body of scientific research,willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with.It is a skill to be practised.“Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.”explains Frank Ryan,consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies.“Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation.Everybody can learn to use their willpower more 1.” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year,2 willpower is a good idea,as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s.In his famous study,a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now,or two if they could wait 15 minutes.Their performance was then 3 into adulthood.The“high 4”went on to achieve greater academic success,better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,”Ryan says,“we should 5 our willpower profile.For example:some people are more impulsive than others.That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get 6 by thoughts and ideas.So,if that’s you,you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner 7 than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval.For introverts,8 time to reflect on your progress,such as keeping a diary can be helpful.For extroverts,signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve,as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,”Ryan adds.“It’s about coping with 9 which often comes from the environment,the people,places or things that act as 10 magnets to challenge your willpower.”In other words,if you are trying to avoid cake,it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．K 4．B 5．I 6．F 7．J 8．G 9．C 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕意志力展开讨论，阐述了意志力并非天生的天赋，而是一种可培养的技能，同时结合科学研究和心理学家的建议，给出了最大化意志力、坚持新年决心的具体方法。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：每个人都能学会更有效地运用自己的意志力。空处修饰动词use，需用副词，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“有效运用”，副词effectively“有效地”符合题意。故选D。 2．考查动名词。句意：即使你不想在新的一年里开启新篇章，培养意志力也是一个好主意，正如心理学家沃尔特·米歇尔在20世纪60年代和70年代所证明的那样。空处作主语，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“培养意志力”，动名词cultivating“培养”符合题意。故选A。 3．考查动词被动语态。句意：他们的表现随后被追踪监测至成年。空处作谓语，主语Their performance与动词构成被动关系，结合语境，此处指研究中孩子们的表现被持续监测，动词monitor“监测；追踪”符合题意，此处为被动语态，用过去分词形式。故选K。 4．考查名词。句意：那些“高延迟满足者”后来取得了更高的学术成就、更好的健康状况和更低的离婚率。结合前文实验“In his famous study,a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now,or two if they could wait 15 minutes.”可知此处指“能延迟满足的人”，名词delayers“延迟者；延迟满足者”符合题意。故选B。 5．考查动词。句意：瑞安说，为了最大限度地提高我们坚持决心的机会，我们应该认清自己的意志力特征。空处前有情态动词should，需用动词原形，结合后文“For example:some people are more impulsive than others.”可知此处指“认清、识别自己的意志力特征”，动词identify“识别；认清”符合题意。故选I。 6．考查动词。句意：内向的人往往会被想法和观点激励。空处作表语，需用形容词，结合后文“you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner”可知此处指“被激励、充满活力”，动词energize“激励”符合题意，get energized by“被……激励”。故选F。 7．考查名词。句意：所以，如果你是内向的人，你会发现，与那些被他人和社会认可激励的外向者相比，你更容易被内在愿景激励。空处前有形容词inner修饰，需用名词，结合语境，此处指“内在的愿景、目标”，名词vision“愿景；构想”符合题意。故选J。 8．考查动名词。句意：对于内向的人来说，安排时间反思自己的进步，比如写日记，会很有帮助。空处作主语，结合“time to reflect on your progress”可知此处指“安排时间”，动名词scheduling“安排；计划”符合题意。故选G。 9．考查名词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处作coping with的宾语，结合后文“In other words,if you are trying to avoid cake,it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts.”可知此处指“诱惑”，名词temptation“诱惑”符合题意。故选C。 10．考查形容词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有利的/有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处修饰名词magnets，需用形容词，结合语境，此处指“能吸引、挑战意志力的磁体”，形容词favorable“有利的；有吸引力的”符合题意。故选H。 Passage 2 （24‑25高二上·上海交大附中嘉定分校·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．annoying B．commitment C．frame D．imaginary E.initial F.launching G.like-minded H.map I.spent J.visualization K.work Vision boards,five-year plans,and strategic roadmaps—these are practical tools for anyone looking to shape their future.They help us 11 out our aspirations and pave pathways toward our dreams.Yet,in my experience,while these methods 12 our intentions,they don’t always bring us closer to the reality of future success.So,how do we bridge the gap between planning and experiencing? The most successful way,I’ve found,is not just to imagine the future,but to actually“visit”it.This isn’t just another 13 technique.It’s a time travel mission to your future self.What makes this thought experiment unique is that we don’t stop at the 14 pad of success.We propel ourselves beyond,to explore what life looks like after those goals are achieved. This exercise has been proven to 15 wonders inside of the SPI Community.SPI—short for“Smart Passive Income”—started as a blog in 2008 for me to journal my business learnings and share it with others,but in 2020 the brand pivoted to a community-centered approach because we’ve found(and the data shows)that people are more likely to succeed when working together with other 16 peers. I frequently guide our members and students through this time travel thought experiment,and it always leads to numerous revelations and a deeper understanding of the consequences of decisions made today. Sometimes,a student will realize that the business idea they have,even if it were to succeed,would not lead them to a life of happiness and fulfillment.It’s quite a(n)17 realization when you discover that what you’ve been excited about all this time isn’t actually the right path for you,but it’s also a gift to learn that up front.Other times,the opposite will happen.A trip into the future reinforces a direction and provides a boost of energy,allowing a person to more easily remove those Junk Sparks that don’t align with the goal. 18 is the bridge between what’s possible and what becomes reality.It’s about setting 19 steps,defining achievable goals,and deciding on the right amount of time and resources before reevaluating.It ensures that our energies are not just well 20,but also brings us closer to the life we want to lead. 【答案】 11．H 12．C 13．D 14．F 15．K 16．G 17．A 18．J 19．E 20．I 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了规划未来需超越想象，以行动“探访”未来自我。 【详解】11．考查动词短语。句意：它们帮助我们规划出我们的愿望，并为我们的梦想铺平道路。根据后文“pave pathways toward our dreams”可知，此处表示“规划”出我们的愿望，map out为固定短语，意为“规划”，符合句意，help sb.do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，所以空处动词用原形。故选H。 12．考查动词。句意：但根据我的经验，虽然这些方法能明确我们的意图，却未必能让我们更接近未来的成功。根据后文“our intentions”可知，此处表示这些方法能让我们明确自己的意图。frame“明确表达、制订”，符合语境，在让步状语从句中作谓语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为复数，该动词用原形。故选C。 13．考查形容词。句意：这不仅仅是另一种想象的技术。根据后文“It’s a time travel mission to your future self.”可知，这是一种时间旅行，不是仅仅想象，所以空格处应填形容词，表示“想象的”，imaginary意为“想象的”，符合句意，在句中作定语。故选D。 14．考查形容词。句意：这个思想实验的独特之处在于，我们不会停留在成功的初步阶段。根据后文“We propel ourselves beyond,to explore what life looks like after those goals are achieved.”可知，我们要超越目标实现后的生活，所以不会停留在成功的初步阶段，launching pad为固定搭配，意为“发射台，起点”，符合语境。故选F。 15．考查动词。句意：这个练习在SPI社区内部被证明非常有效。根据后文“in 2020 the brand pivoted to a community-centered approach because we’ve found(and the data shows)that people are more likely to succeed”可知，该练习在社区内“创造”奇迹。work wonders是固定短语，意为“创造奇迹、非常有效”，符合语境。前面为动词不定式符号to，所以空处动词用原形。故选K。 16．考查形容词。句意：我们发现（数据也显示）当人们与志趣相投的同伴一起工作时，他们更有可能成功。根据后文“peers”可知，空格处应填形容词，表示同伴的特点，like-minded意为“志趣相投的”，符合句意，在句中作定语。故选G。 17．考查形容词。句意：当你发现你一直以来都为之兴奋的事情实际上并不是适合你的道路时，这是一个相当令人烦恼的发现，不过提前知道也是一个好事。根据后文“when you discover that what you’ve been excited about all this time isn’t actually the right path for you”可知，这是一个令人烦恼的发现，annoying意为“令人烦恼的”，符合句意，在句中作定语。故选A。 18．考查名词。句意：可视化是连接可能与现实的桥梁。空处需要名词作主语，此处指“可视化”是连接可能与现实的桥梁，呼应主题。visualization为名词“可视化”，符合语境。故选J。 19．考查形容词。句意：它关乎制定初步步骤，确定可实现的目标，并在重新评估前确定适当的时间和资源投入。根据“and deciding on the right amount of time and resources before reevaluating”可知，此处指设定最开始的步骤，空处需要形容词作定语。initial为形容词，意为“初始的，初步的”，符合语境。故选E。 20．考查动词。句意：它确保我们的精力不仅得到充分利用，还能让我们更接近想要的生活。根据前文“our energies”可知，此处指精力得到很好的利用。句子为一般现在时态的被动语态，所以空处需要过去分词spent“花费”，很好的利用。故选I。 话题3个人经历共2篇 Passage 1 （24‑25高二上·上海交大附中·期中） Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．boasts B．domestic C．dreams D．Emerging E.entry F.established G.generating H.marketing I.overseas J.representative K.well-developed Promoting Chinese styles in Italy NANJING-As a Chinese businessman living in Italy,Xu Xudong has become a fashionista(时尚达人).But,the 42-year-old 1 bigger.He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy. Xu is the chairman of an Italy-based Chinese entrepreneur association.His firm is mainly involved in brand 2 and management in the fields of fashion clothing.It helps Chinese fashion brands go global and facilitates 3 of brands from Europe into China. Xu went to Italy with his parents 25 years ago,when many locals were taking advantage of China’s reform and opening-up to go abroad and start businesses.He was deeply amazed by Italy’s 4 clothing market.“I made up my mind to help Chinese clothing brands enter the Italian market,”he says. When Xu returned to China in 2006,looking to start a business,he found that the 5 clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing,ready to make their mark on the international stage.Years later,Xu set up his company in Changshu,home to more than 5,000 clothing enterprises.The city 6 a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain. In 2013,he cooperated with Changshu’s local brand Bosideng for promotion 7.His company used commercial strategies,like advertising and runway shows,to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy.Today,Bosideng sells to more than 70 countries and regions.“You can see more Chinese elements 8 in the Italian fashion industry.”says Xu. In 2019,Xu was invited as a(an)9 to a governmental negotiation during which a sister city relationship was first 10 between Changshu and Italy’s Taranto. “It is my mission to take more Chinese styles to Italy and meanwhile increase the charm of Italian fashion in China.”Xu says. 【答案】 1．C 2．H 3．E 4．K 5．B 6．A 7．I 8．D 9．J 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了旅居意大利的中国商人徐旭东致力于推动中国时尚品牌走向国际，促进中意时尚产业交流合作的事迹。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：但是，这位42岁的男士有更大的梦想。根据后文“He wants to act as a bridge between China and Italy.”可知，他有着更大的梦想，空处应用动词dream“梦想”，此处陈述一般事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式dreams。故选C。 2．考查名词。句意：他的公司主要从事时尚服装领域的品牌营销和管理。根据后文“It helps Chinese fashion brands go global”可知，他的公司从事品牌营销，空处应用marketing“营销”，作in的宾语。故选H。 3．考查名词。句意：它帮助中国时尚品牌走向全球，并促进欧洲品牌进入中国。根据后文“of brands from Europe into China”可知，此处指欧洲品牌进入中国，空处应用名词entry“进入”，作facilitates的宾语。故选E。 4．考查形容词。句意：意大利发达的服装市场让他惊叹不已。根据后文“clothing market”可知，此处修饰服装市场，应用形容词well-developed“发达的”，作定语。故选K。 5．考查形容词。句意：2006年，当徐回到中国创业时，他发现国内服装品牌正在创新，新品牌不断涌现，准备在国际舞台上崭露头角。根据后文“clothing brands were innovating and new ones were appearing”可知，此处指国内服装品牌，应用形容词domestic“国内的”，作定语，修饰clothing brands。故选B。 6．考查动词。句意：这座城市拥有庞大的服装市场和完整的生产和供应链。根据后文“a huge clothing market and a complete production and supply chain”可知，此处指拥有庞大的服装市场和完整的生产和供应链，应用boast“拥有（值得自豪的东西）”，此处陈述客观事实，时态使用一般现在时，主语The city为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式boasts。故选A。 7．考查副词。句意：2013年，他与常熟本土品牌波司登合作进行海外推广。根据后文“His company used commercial strategies,like advertising and runway shows,to build a reputation for the Chinese brand’s cost-effectiveness in the high-end market of countries such as Italy.”可知，此处指海外推广，应用副词overseas“在海外”，作状语。故选I。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：“你可以看到更多的中国元素在意大利时尚产业中崭露头角。”徐旭东说。根据后文“in the Italian fashion industry”可知，此处指中国元素在意大利时尚产业中崭露头角，应用emerge“出现，显露”。see sb./sth.doing“看到某人/某事正在”。emerge与Chinese elements构成主动关系，用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故选D。 9．考查名词。句意：2019年，徐作为代表受邀参加了一次政府谈判，期间常熟与意大利塔兰托建立了友好城市关系。根据后文“to a governmental negotiation”可知，此处指作为代表参加政府谈判，应用representative“代表”，由a可知，应用单数形式，作as的宾语。故选J。 10．考查动词。句意同上。根据后文“a sister city relationship”可知，此处指建立友好城市关系，应用establish“建立”，与主语构成被动关系，空处应用过去分词，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选F。 Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海行知实验中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．belonging B．benefits C．forms D．global E.individual F.participate G.periodical H.positive I.resources J.stress K.transforms Volunteerism is a powerful force that 11 indlviduals and communities.It provides an opportunity to give back,connect with others,and make a(n)12 impact. Volunteering 13 society in numerous ways.It helps improve communities by providing services and resources to those who need them most.It also creates a sense of 14 and strengthens relationships within communities. Volunteering can take many 15 from helping at a local food bank to mentoring a child,there are countless ways to lend a helping hand.It doesn’t matter if you have a lot of time or 16,every little bit counts. Volunteering benefits the 17 as well.It helps to build skills and competencies,providing valuable experience and knowledge.It also acts as a form of therapy,helping to reduce 18 and improve overall well-being. Volunteering is not only a local phenomenon but a(n)19 one as well.People from all over the world come together to 20 in volunteer activities that help those in need.It is a beautiful sight to behold and a reminder of our interconnections and responsibility to one another. We can help to create a better world for tomorrow. 【答案】 11．K 12．H 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．I 17．E 18．J 19．D 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了志愿服务这一强大力量对个人与社区的积极影响：既助力社区发展、增强归属感，也能提升个人技能、改善身心健康，同时志愿服务还是全球性现象，体现了人类的互联与责任。 【详解】11．考查动词。句意：志愿服务是一种强大的力量，它改变了个人和社区。空处作谓语，主语为Volunteerism为单数名词，transforms“改变”符合句意，且时态为一般现在时，故选K。 12．考查形容词。句意：它提供了一个回馈、与他人联结并产生积极影响的机会。空处修饰名词impact，应用形容词形式，positive“积极的”符合句意，故选H。 13．考查动词。句意：志愿服务以多种方式造福社会。空处作谓语，主语Volunteering为单数名词，benefits“使……获益”用一般现在时，符合句意，故选B。 14．考查名词。句意：它还能创造归属感，加强社区内的关系。a sense of belonging是固定搭配，意为“归属感”，符合句意，故选A。 15．考查名词。句意：志愿服务可以采取多种形式，从在当地食品银行帮忙到指导儿童，有无数种伸出援手的方式。take many forms表示“采取多种形式”，符合句意，故选C。 16．考查名词。句意：无论你有很多时间还是资源不重要，每一点贡献都很重要。空处与“time”并列，resources“资源”符合句意，故选I。 17．考查名词。句意：志愿服务也对个人有益。the individual表示“个人”，与前文“society”对应，符合句意，故选E。 18．考查名词。句意：它还可以作为一种疗愈方式，帮助减轻压力，改善整体健康状况。reduce stress是固定搭配，意为“减轻压力”，符合句意，故选J。 19．考查形容词。句意：志愿服务不仅是一种地方性现象，也是一种全球性现象。空处修饰名词one(指代phenomenon)，global“全球的”符合句意，故选D。 20．考查动词。句意：来自世界各地的人们聚集在一起参与志愿活动，帮助那些有需要的人。participate in是固定搭配，意为“参与”，符合句意，故选F。 话题4科学技术共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海曹杨第二中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．trendsetters B．original C．refundable D．deceptively E.ethical F.harmoniously G.trick H.feast I.undercover J.coordinator K.packed 1．As the hero leaps from a skyscraper and soars over a futuristic cityscape,the audience holds its breath.But what they’re seeing is a masterpiece of cinematic illusion.The actor,in reality,is suspended safely in a warehouse against a massive green screen,contorting in a harness.The dizzying height,the sprawling metropolis below,even the wind whipping through his hair—it’s all meticulously crafted in post-production.It’s all done using photography,a blend of CGI,motion capture,and clever compositing that transforms a sterile studio into a breathtaking world of danger and wonder. 2．To expose the illegal practices at the industrial plant,journalist Sarah Chen went.Assuming a new identity with forged documents,she endured grueling shifts to secretly document the safety violations and wage theft,ultimately gathering the evidence needed to force a public scandal and government action. 3．Our marketing strategy starts with the.Instead of advertising to everyone,we first get them to love our product.Their genuine support builds trust and creates word-of-mouth that naturally reaches the wider market. 4．The lake looked calm,hiding the strong,dangerous currents beneath its glassy surface. 5．This week is with back-to-back meetings;I don’t even have time for a proper lunch. 6．I held my breath as the appraiser scrutinized my vintage poster.After what felt like an eternity,he looked up and confirmed it was indeed a valuable,not a mass-produced reprint.A wave of relief washed over me as he explained that this single fact would significantly increase its value,turning a forgotten attic find into a small fortune. 7．The city’s annual book fair is a for the mind,attracting authors and readers from around the globe with its diverse range of literary offerings. 8．Through a masterful blend of respect and innovation,the architect’s design allows the sleek,contemporary extension to sit with the time-worn original.The two structures,old and new,engage in a seamless conversation where clean modern lines and weathered historic stone complement rather than compete with one another. 9．We stand behind the quality of our product so firmly that we invite you to put it to the test risk-free.Your purchase is protected by a fully 30-day money-back guarantee,ensuring you can buy with the assurance of complete satisfaction or your money back. 10．At the heart of the AI revolution lies a host of complex dilemmas that society is only beginning to grapple with.We face a clash between unprecedented technological capability and our established moral frameworks,compelling us to redefine the boundaries of human responsibility and the very principles that will guide our future. 【答案】 1．G 2．I 3．A 4．D 5．K 6．B 7．H 8．F 9．C 10．E 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：当英雄从摩天大楼跃下，在未来主义的城市景观上空翱翔时，观众屏住了呼吸。但他们看到的是电影幻觉的杰作。实际上，演员安全地悬挂在仓库里的巨大绿幕前，在背带里扭动。令人眩晕的高度、下方蔓延的大都市，甚至吹过他头发的风——这一切都是在后期制作中精心制作的。这一切都是通过特技摄影完成的，结合了计算机生成图像、动作捕捉和巧妙的合成，将单调的工作室变成了一个充满危险和奇迹的惊人世界。根据“photography,a blend of CGI,motion capture,and clever compositing”可知，此空应是形容词trick，意为“令人迷惑的，使人产生错觉的”，trick photography表示“特技摄影”。故选G。 2．考查固定短语。句意：为了揭露工厂的非法行为，记者Sarah Chen进行了卧底调查。她用伪造文件冒用新身份，忍受着艰苦的轮班，秘密记录安全违规和工资盗窃行为，最终收集到了迫使公众丑闻和官方介入所需的证据。根据“Assuming a new identity with forged documents”可知，此空应是undercover，go undercover是固定短语，意为“卧底”。故选I。 3．考查名词。句意：我们的营销策略从引领潮流者开始。我们不是向所有人做广告，而是首先让他们爱上我们的产品。他们的真正支持建立了信任，并创造了口碑，自然地传播到更广泛的市场。根据“Instead of advertising to everyone,we first get them to love our product”可知，此空应是名词复数trendsetters作宾语，意为“引领潮流者”。故选A。 4．考查副词。句意：湖面看似平静，但其光亮透明的表面下隐藏着强劲、危险的水流。根据“calm”以及“strong,dangerous currents beneath its glassy surface”可知，此空应是副词deceptively做状语，意为“看似；看似地”。故选D。 5．考查固定短语。句意：这周排满了连续的会议，我甚至没有时间吃一顿像样的午餐。根据“with back-to-back meetings”以及“don’t even have time for a proper lunch.”可知，此空应是packed，be packed with是固定短语，意为“挤满；排满”。故选K。 6．考查名词。句意：当鉴定师仔细检查我的复古海报时，我屏住了呼吸。过了仿佛一个世纪那么久，他抬起头来，确认这确实是一份有价值的原作，而不是大量生产的复制品。当他解释说这一点将显著增加它的价值，把一个被遗忘的阁楼发现变成一笔小财富时，我如释重负。根据“not a mass-produced reprint”可知，此空应是名词original作表语，意为“原作；原件”。故选B。 7．考查名词。句意：这座城市的年度书展是一场思想盛宴，以其多样的文学作品吸引了来自全球的作者和读者。根据“for the mind”以及“its diverse range of literary offerings”可知，此空应是名词feast作表语，意为“盛宴”，a feast for the mind是固定表达，意为“思想盛宴”。故选H。 8．考查副词。句意：通过尊重与创新的巧妙结合，建筑师的设计使光滑的现代延伸部分与古老的原作和谐地共存。新旧两座建筑进行着无缝的对话，简洁的现代线条和风化的历史石材相互补充而非相互竞争。根据“the sleek,contemporary extension to sit____with the time-worn original”、“a seamless conversation”以及“complement”可知，此空应是副词harmoniously做状语，意为“和谐地”。故选F。 9．考查形容词。句意：我们坚信我们的产品质量，因此邀请您无风险地对其进行测试。您的购买受到完全可退款的30天退款保证的保护，确保您可以放心购买，完全满意或退款。根据“30-day money-back guarantee”可知，此空应是形容词refundable作定语，意为“可退款的”。故选C。 10．考查形容词。句意：人工智能革命的核心在于一系列复杂的伦理困境，社会才刚刚开始应对。我们面临着前所未有的技术能力与我们既定的道德框架之间的冲突，迫使我们重新定义人类责任的边界以及将引导我们未来的原则。根据“dilemmas”、“moral frameworks”以及“human responsibility”可知，此空应是形容词ethical作定语，意为“伦理的；道德的”。故选E。 Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海育才中学·期中） Complete the following passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adopter B．alarm C．annoying D．controlling E.economically F.feature G.frequently H.normal I.savings J.shifted K.spotted Is the Smart Home a Smart Choice? Depending on your perspective,my Brooklyn apartment is either a technological marvel or a confusing maze of digital assistants and unnecessary remote-control integration.For me,adjusting the living room temperature is as simple as saying,“Hey Siri,set living room to 72℉.”To my wife,however,it is a(n)11 process involving apps and Wi-Fi. I spent around$2,000 on this home technology,12 everything via a single app or my voice.As I don’t live alone,I’ve also installed conventional wall switches and a universal remote for the TV.This allows family visitors to operate things the“13”way:dialing a desired temperature on the thermostat(恒温器),flicking the lights on,and pressing the“on”button to watch news. Commercials promise a future of effortless control and entertainment at our fingertips or voice command.Yet,after four years in a smart home,my initial feeling of empowerment has 14 into dependence,mixed with anxiety. My smart thermostat promised 15 by adjusting temperatures only when necessary.However,I have observed no change in my electrical bills since its installation.It even alters temperatures randomly based on a learning algorithm that can’t make sense. Then there are the alarming security camera alerts.One night,while I was working late,my phone buzzed with an alert:“Person 16 in the living room.”I crazily checked the camera with its night vision on,but it revealed nothing;it was a false 17. Furthermore,while my smoke alarms can activate lights and call emergency services during a fire,their most practical function for me is the ability to turn them off.This is essential,as I enjoy frying food in cast iron,an activity that 18 triggers the alarm—a common experience for any New Yorker cooking a steak. As an early 19 eager to command devices by voice,I’ve realized that connecting every device to the Internet can be frightening.Despite the frustrations and the seeming irreversibility of this trend,a crucial comfort remains:most of these devices still keep their most important 20—a simple on and off switch. 【答案】 11．C 12．D 13．H 14．J 15．I 16．K 17．B 18．G 19．A 20．F 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者分享自家智能家居体验，虽投入约2000美元实现语音或App控制，却面临电费未减、误报等问题，不过多数设备保留基础开关，让他有慰藉。 【详解】11．考查形容词。句意：然而，对于我的妻子来说，这却是一个令人烦恼的过程，其中涉及各种应用程序和无线网络。根据“involving apps and Wi-Fi”以及句意“令人烦恼”可知应填形容词annoying，修饰名词process。故选C。 12．考查动词。句意：我在这项家庭技术上的花费约为2000美元，通过一个应用程序或者我的语音就能控制所有设备。根据“everything via a single app or my voice”以及句意“控制”可知应填现在分词controlling，作状语。故选D。 13．考查形容词。句意：这样一来，家庭访客就可以按照“正常”的方式来操作设备：在恒温器上设定所需的温度，打开灯光，然后按下“开启”按钮来观看新闻。根据“dialing a desired temperature on the thermostat,flicking the lights on,and pressing the“on”button to watch news”以及句意“正常”可知应填形容词normal，修饰way。故选H。 14．考查动词。句意：然而，在这个智能家庭生活了四年之后，我最初那种强烈的掌控感已经转变成了依赖感，并夹杂着一丝焦虑。根据“into dependence,mixed with anxiety”以及句意“转变”可知应填动词shift，根据has可知为现在完成时。故选J。 15．考查名词。句意：我的智能恒温器承诺能省钱，因为它只会在必要时才调整温度。根据“However,I have observed no change in my electrical bills since its installation.It even alters temperatures randomly based on a learning algorithm that can’t make sense.(然而，自从安装了这个设备以来，我的电费没有任何变化。而且它还会根据一种无法理解的学习算法随机地改变室温.)”以及句意“省钱”可知应填名词savings，作宾语。故选I。 16．考查动词。句意：一天晚上，我工作到很晚时，手机突然响起提示音：“客厅发现人员”根据“my phone buzzed with an alert:“Person”以及句意“发现”可知应填过去分词spotted，故选K。 17．考查名词。句意：我疯狂地打开了摄像机的夜视功能进行查看，但什么也没发现；原来是虚假警报。根据“but it revealed nothing;it was a false”以及句意“警报”可知应填名词alarm，作表语，不定冠词提示用单数。故选B。 18．考查副词。句意：这一点至关重要，因为我喜欢用铸铁锅煎食物，而这种行为往往会触发警报——对于任何在纽约烹饪牛排的人来说，这都是常见的经历。根据“as I enjoy frying food in cast iron,an activity that”以及句意“往往”可知应填副词frequently，修饰动词triggers。故选G。 19．考查名词。句意：作为一名热衷于通过语音控制设备的早期采用者，我意识到将每台设备都接入互联网可能会令人感到恐惧。根据“eager to command devices by voice”以及句意“采用者”可知应填单数名词adopter，作宾语。故选A。 20．考查名词。句意：尽管这种趋势带来了诸多困扰，且似乎无法逆转，但仍有一个重要因素让人感到宽慰：这些设备中大多数仍保留着其最重要的功能——一个简单的开和关的开关。根据“a simple on and off switch”以及句意“功能”可知应填名词feature，作宾语。故选F。 话题5人物共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海风华中学·10月期中） Directions:After reading the passages below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one more word than you need. A．celebrates B．contribute C．challenges D．enthusiastic E.fulfilling F.large-scale G.measures H.flexible I.passions J.eventually K.structures Full steam ahead In an exhibition at the National Railway Museum in York,England,Lin Qi is featured as one of the“railway heroes”who helped key workers move around the country during the lockdown.Qi is part of a team working on HS2,a new high-speed railway that will 1 connect some of the UK’s biggest cities using trains that can travel up to 224 miles per hour. “The most rewarding thing about construction for me is getting to see a design on paper become a(n)physical project,”says Qi.With HS2,she also enjoys working on a project that is bringing new opportunities and creating new jobs.Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world is something she finds incredibly 2. Qi studied architecture at university before taking a job with an engineering company.Architecture involves designing buildings and structures,but Qi discovered that her true passion was in engineering,where she could work on 3 projects like railways.In her job,she feels 4 about connecting people,and she believes that trains and railways are a vital part of that connection. Engineering is all about using science and math to build machines and other 5,such as bridges,buildings,and railways.“It’s a sector still dominated by males,but this is changing fast,”says Qi.On June 23,International Women in Engineering Day 6 the work women are doing on big projects such as HS2.This year’s theme is“engineering heroes”,recognizing the contributions of women in this field. For anyone wanting to follow a similar career,Qi advises,“Have a goal in mind but be open-minded and 7”She says that five years ago,she wouldn’t have imagined that she would be working in this sort of job.However,she emphasizes that there is a lot of opportunity in engineering,not just for women but for everyone.She looks forward to new 8 and the chance to make a difference. Lin Qi’s story is an inspiring example of how following your 9 and being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career.Whether you’re interested in architecture,engineering,or another field,there are always ways to 10 to important projects and help connect people and communities. 【答案】 1．J 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．K 6．A 7．H 8．C 9．I 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在英国工作的林琪作为“铁路英雄”在HS2高铁项目中的工作经历，以及她对工程领域的看法和对想从事类似职业的人的建议。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：齐是HS2项目团队的一员，HS2是一条新的高速铁路，它将最终连接英国一些最大的城市，使用的列车时速可达224英里。分析句子结构，句子主谓宾结构完整，此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词connect，eventually意为“最终”，符合语境。故填J。 2．考查形容词。句意：看到一些东西从一个想法变成世界上可见的一部分，她觉得这是非常有成就感的。find sth.+adj.是固定结构，此处需要一个形容词作宾补，根据“Seeing something go from an idea to a visible part of the world”可知，fulfilling意为“令人有成就感的”，符合语境。故填E。 3．考查形容词。句意：建筑涉及设计建筑物和结构，但齐发现她真正的热情在于工程，在那里她可以从事像铁路这样的大型项目。此处需要一个形容词作定语来修饰名词projects，根据“projects like railways.”可知，large-scale意为“大规模的”，符合语境。故填F。 4．考查形容词。句意：在她的工作中，她对联系人们充满热情，她相信火车和铁路是这种连接的重要组成部分。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，enthusiastic意为“热情的”符合语境，be enthusiastic about是固定短语，意为“对……充满热情”。故填D。 5．考查名词。句意：工程学就是利用科学和数学来制造机器和其他结构，如桥梁、建筑物和铁路。根据“such as bridges,buildings,and railways”可知，此处指的是各种结构，structures意为“结构”作宾语，符合语境。故填K。 6．考查动词。句意：6月23日，国际女工程师日庆祝女性在HS2等大型项目中所做的工作。分析句子结构，句子缺少谓语动词，根据“International Women in Engineering Day”可知，celebrates意为“庆祝”，符合语境。故填A。 7．考查形容词。句意：心中要有目标，但要思想开放、灵活。此处需要一个形容词与open-minded并列作表语，flexible意为“灵活的”作表语，符合语境。故填H。 8．考查名词。句意：她期待着新的挑战和有所作为的机会。根据“the chance to make a difference”可知，此处指的是新的挑战，challenges意为“挑战”作宾语，符合语境。故填C。 9．考查名词。句意：林琪的故事是一个鼓舞人心的例子，说明追随自己的激情并对新的机会持开放态度如何能带来一份有意义和有影响力的职业。根据“being open to new opportunities can lead to a rewarding and impactful career.”可知，follow one's passions是固定短语，意为“追随某人的激情”，passions意为“激情”名词作宾语，符合语境。故填I。 10．考查动词。句意：无论你对建筑、工程还是其他领域感兴趣，总有办法为重要项目做出贡献，帮助连接人们和社区。根据“help connect people and communities.”可知，contribute to是固定短语，意为“为……做贡献”to后接动词原形，符合语境。故填B。 Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海上海中学·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．witness B．stripping C．unearthing D．weaving E.walking F.sealed G.subjective H.transformed I.simply J.Specifically K.presence Jane Goodall:More Than a Scientist Now more than ever,we must recognize that animals do matter.They are more than a living 11 to wilderness and unspoiled beauty.They deserve more out of life than to be victims in our failed efforts to coexist.Just as we appreciate individuality in people,so too much we value it in other animals. On Oct.1,2025,Jane Goodall passed away.Much of her amazing life is 12 in the legacy she leaves behind.In Colorado,Governor Jared Polis immediately proclaimed Oct.1,2025,as Jane Goodall Day.Her 13 will surely be everlasting.To share personal reflections on her life and legacy,we turn to two of her long-time collaborators:Marc,a wildlife filmmaker and producer who worked with Jane for over 30 years,and Marlon,a science writer and editor who helped shape Jane’s later writings and global messaging. Marc:Jane’s pioneering research 14 our understanding of chimpanzees.In November 1960,she observed David Greybeard making and using a tool by 15 leaves from a straw stick to extract termites(白蚁).This groundbreaking observation was initially met with doubts until she provided video evidence.Now we must redefine tool,redefine Man,or accept chimpanzees as humans. Jane also named the chimpanzees she observed,for which she was strongly criticized.“I was told that naming animals is too 16,”she recalled,“Individual differences in personalities 17 amounted to‘noise in the system.’”Large amounts of subsequent research have shown how wrong our critics were. Marlon:As a strong believer in the power of stories,I had long looked up to Goodall as a(n)18 encyclopedia for the natural world.For most of us,19 the formative moments of our lives is a voyage into vast and uncharted memories.Not so for Goodall,who cuts through the mist with ease,20 them together as if there had been no dead ends. 【答案】 11．K 12．F 13．A 14．H 15．B 16．G 17．I 18．E 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍简·古道尔的离世及其留下的遗产，通过其合作者的回忆，展现她在黑猩猩研究上的突破及对自然世界的影响。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：它们不仅仅是荒野和原始之美的活生生的存在。空处前有不定冠词a和形容词living修饰，需填名词单数；结合句意，动物是活生生的“存在”，名词presence“存在”符合题意。故选K。 12．考查动词。句意：她那令人惊叹的一生，大部分都封存于她留下的遗产中。空处为谓语动词，主语Much of her amazing life与动词seal“凝聚；封存”之间是被动关系，空格前已经有is，此处用过去分词形式sealed，表示“一生的价值封存于遗产中”。故选F。 13．考查名词。句意：她的见证将永存。空处前有形容词性物主代词Her修饰，需填名词；结合前文提到的“简·古道尔日”可知，此处指她的见证将永存，名词witness“见证”符合题意，表示她作为观察者和倡导者的影响持久不衰。故选A。 14．考查动词。句意：简开创性的研究改变了我们对黑猩猩的认知。空处为谓语动词，结合后文她对黑猩猩使用工具的观察（颠覆传统认知），动词transformed“改变；转变”符合题意，此处用过去式表过去发生的动作。故选H。 15．考查动词。句意：1960年11月，她观察到戴维·格雷比尔德从稻草杆上剥下叶子来提取白蚁，以此制作和使用工具。空处前有介词by，需填动名词；结合“从稻草杆上取叶子”，动词stripping“剥离；剥去”符合题意，表通过剥离叶子制作工具。故选B。 16．考查形容词。句意：“我被告知给动物命名太主观了，”她回忆道。空处前有副词too修饰，需填形容词；结合前文她因给黑猩猩命名遭批评，可知批评者认为此举主观，形容词subjective“主观的”符合题意。故选G。 17．考查副词。句意：“个体性格差异仅仅被视为‘系统中的噪音’。”空处修饰动词amounted，需填副词；结合语境，批评者认为性格差异无足轻重，副词simply“仅仅；只不过”符合题意。故选I。 18．考查动词。句意：作为一名坚信故事力量的人，我长期以来一直将古道尔视为一部行走的自然世界百科全书。空处修饰名词encyclopedia；结合她对自然的了解，形容词walking“行走的”符合，表示“行走的百科全书”。故选E。 19．考查动词。句意：对我们大多数人来说，发掘人生中的成长时刻，就像是踏上一段通往广阔而未知记忆的旅程。空处为句子主语，需填动名词；结合“探索记忆中的成长时刻”，unearthing“发掘；挖掘”为动名词形式，符合题意。故选C。 20．考查动词。句意：但古道尔却不同，她轻松地拨开迷雾，将这些时刻编织在一起，仿佛从未有过僵局。空处为非谓语动词，动词weave“编织；整合”与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词weaving，表示“整合成长时刻”。故选D。 话题6自然共2篇 Passage 1 （25‑26高二上·上海松江一中·期中） Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abundant B．attached C．attempts D．signs E.exposed F.flexible G.fragile H.samples I.scanner J.scarce K.steady Though it is not unusual to find marine animals under the Antarctica seafloor,researchers had always assumed that there would be few 1 of life farther away from open water and sunlight.However,the discovery of filter-feeding(滤食的)organisms—160 miles away from the open ocean,with temperatures of−2.2℃and under complete darkness—suggests that life in the world’s harshest environment may be more 2 than previously thought. In 2017,BAS geologist James Smith and his colleagues conducted a three-month expedition to the middle of Antarctica’s Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf,to collect 3 of the seafloor deposits.The team drilled through the half-mile of ice by pumping almost 20,000 liters of hot water through a pipe.After about 20 hours of painstaking work,they were finally able to reach the seabed underneath. However,when the scientists lowered the 4,along with a camera,to collect the soil,it came up empty.After multiple failed 5—each round trip taking about an hour—the researchers took a closer look at the footage and noticed a massive stone sitting amid the 6 flat seabed.Even more surprisingly,the rock was covered with stationary animals,like sponges(海绵)and potentially unknown species. The finding has confused many scientists given that certain organisms,such as sponges and coral polyps(珊瑚虫),which live their entire lives 7 to rocks,or other hard surfaces,need food supplies.In the open water,the“marine snow,”as the food is called,comes from 8 organic matter,which drifts down from the upper waters to the deep ocean.However,the species in such depth are too far from the open sea to receive 9 supplies of nutrients.To make matters worse,due to the area’s strong ocean currents,the food has to travel anywhere from 370 to 930 miles to get to them. “This is by far the furthest under an ice shelf that we’ve seen any of these filter-feeding animals,”said Smith.“These things are 10 on a rock and only get fed if something comes floating along.” 【答案】 1．D 2．F 3．H 4．I 5．C 6．E 7．B 8．A 9．K 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在南极冰架下极端环境中发现滤食性生物，这一发现挑战了人们对生命适应性的传统认知，并引发了对这些生物在黑暗、寒冷且远离营养源的环境中如何生存的科学疑问。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：尽管在南极洲海底发现海洋动物并不罕见，但研究人员一直认为，在远离开阔水域和阳光的地方，几乎没有生命存在的迹象。空处作there be句型的主语，结合“of life farther away from open water and sunlight”可推知，D项signs“迹象”符合题意，表示“几乎没有生命存在的迹象”。故选D。 2．考查形容词。句意：然而，滤食性生物的发现——距离开阔海洋160英里，温度为零下2.2摄氏度，且完全黑暗——表明，在这个世界上最恶劣的环境中，生命可能比之前认为的更具适应力。空处和more构成比较级，作表语，结合“160 miles away from the open ocean,with temperatures of−2.2℃and under complete darkness”可推知，F项flexible“具有适应力的”符合题意，表示“比之前认为的更具适应力”。故选F。 3．考查名词。句意：2017年，英国南极调查局地质学家James Smith和他的同事进行了一次为期三个月的远征，前往南极菲尔希纳–龙尼冰架中部，以收集海底沉积物的样本。空处作collect的宾语，结合“of the seafloor deposits”可推知，H项samples“样本”符合题意，表示“收集海底沉积物的样本”。故选H。 4．考查名词。句意：然而，当科学家们将扫描仪连同摄像机一起放入海底收集土壤时，却空手而归。空处作lowered的宾语，结合“along with a camera”可推知，I项scanner“扫描仪”符合题意，表示“将扫描仪连同摄像机一起放入海底”。故选I。 5．考查名词。句意：经过多次失败的尝试——每次往返大约需要一个小时——研究人员仔细观察了这段视频，发现在裸露的平坦海床上有一块巨大的石头。空处作After的宾语，结合“multiple failed”可推知，C项attempts“尝试”符合题意，表示“经过多次失败的尝试”。故选C。 6．考查形容词。句意：经过多次失败的尝试——每次往返大约需要一个小时——研究人员仔细观察了这段视频，发现在裸露的平坦海床上有一块巨大的石头。空处作修饰flat seabed的定语，结合上文的“The team drilled through the half-mile of ice by pumping almost 20,000 liters of hot water through a pipe.”可推知，E项exposed“暴露的，无遮蔽的”符合题意，表示“在裸露的平坦海床上”。故选E。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现让许多科学家感到困惑，因为某些生物，如海绵和珊瑚虫，终生附着在岩石或其他坚硬表面上，需要食物供应。句子主干成分完整，空处应为非谓语，结合“to rocks”可推知，B项attached“附上，固定”符合题意，过去分词作状语，表示“终生附着在岩石或其他坚硬表面上”。故选B。 8．考查形容词。句意：在开阔水域中，被称为“海洋雪”的食物来自丰富的有机物，它们从上层水域漂到深海。空处作修饰organic matter的定语，结合“marine snow”可推知，A项abundant“丰富的”符合题意，表示“来自丰富的有机物”。故选A。 9．考查形容词。句意：然而，在如此深度的物种距离开阔海洋太远，无法获得稳定的营养供应。空处作修饰supplies的定语，结合“the species in such depth are too far from the open sea”可推知，K项steady“稳定的”符合题意，表示“无法获得稳定的营养供应”。故选K。 10．考查形容词。句意：“这些生物在岩石上很脆弱，只有当有东西漂浮过来时才能获得食物。”空处作表语，结合“only get fed if something comes floating along”可推知，G项fragile“脆弱的”符合题意，表示“这些生物在岩石上很脆弱”。故选G。 Passage 2 （25‑26高二上·上海崇明中学·期中） Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．bodies B．contributions C．endangered D．generously E.independently F.inferior G.partnership H.persuaded I.productive J.regenerate K.shaded When Joe Gray cleared a patch of woodland on his Essex farm,he noticed that an abandoned farm pond sprang back to life after being exposed to sunlight.“It was a hole in the woods with some leaves in it.We didn’t think of it as a pond,”he said. Since then,he and his wife,Emma,have restored 11“zombie”ponds on their 450-hectare farm.They have also 11 neighboring farmers to restore 80 ponds within a three-mile radius near Braintree. Ponds that were dried up or 12 have been opened to sunlight and dug out.They are now filled with rare aquatic plants,dragonflies,and great-crested newts,while providing food and water for birds and bats. “It’s ideal for farmers,”said Emma Gray.“You spend a little and get a lot of biodiversity benefits in a(n)13 area for farming.You’re not taking 14 land out,but quickly build up a network for species to hop across a landscape.” This effort has been driven by the Essex Lost Ponds Project,a(n)15 between Essex Wildlife Trust and the RSPB．Volunteers have identified 17,200 ponds across the county,of which 10,400 have disappeared due to agricultural intensification in the 20th century. The Lost Ponds Project offers farmers free surveys identifying ghost or zombie ponds that can be restored along with funding opportunities,including 16 from house-builders.The Farming Wildlife and Advisory Group East also helps farmers access restoration funds. Some farmers are restoring ponds 17.At Faulkbourne estate,six of 49 old ponds have been revived without funding.“Our farmers are very supportive of wildlife,”said Darren Tansley of Essex Wildlife Trust.“For conservation 18,farmers,and citizen scientists to work together on this does us all some good.” Restored ponds benefit turtle doves,one of Britain’s most 19 birds,by providing fresh water near nesting sites.Other wildlife also flourishes.“It’s stepping stones for water voles,”said Tansley.“If you’ve got a seedbed in an old pond,you can 20 plants that haven’t grown there for 150 years.” 【答案】 11．H 12．K 13．F 14．I 15．G 16．B 17．E 18．A 19．C 20．J 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了格雷夫妇在英国埃塞克斯郡发起的“僵尸池塘”修复项目，该项目通过清理、恢复干涸或被遮蔽的池塘，显著提升了当地的生物多样性，并促进了环保组织、农民和社区居民之间的合作。 【详解】11．考查动词。句意：他们还说服了邻近的农民，在三英里半径范围内恢复了80个池塘。根据“neighboring farmers to restore 80 ponds”可知，格雷夫妇通过劝说，使其他农民也加入了修复池塘的行列。H项“persuaded”意为“说服”，符合语境。故选项H。 12．考查动词。句意：那些已经干涸或被遮蔽的池塘被清理出来重见阳光并进行了挖掘。根据“Ponds that were dried up or__2__have been opened to sunlight”可知，此处需要一个与“dried up”并列的词，描述池塘的另一种不良状态。K项“shaded”是过去分词，构成被动语态，表示“被遮蔽”，指池塘被树木或杂物遮挡阳光，与后文“opened to sunlight”形成直接对应。故选项K。 13．考查形容词。句意：你花很少的钱，就能在一块不那么适合耕种的土地上获得巨大的生物多样性效益。根据前文“restored 11“zombie”ponds on their 450-hectare farm”以及“Ponds that were dried up or__2__have been opened to sunlight and dug out.”可知，这里描述的池塘所在区域，原本对农耕而言价值不高。F项“inferior”意为“较差的，低劣的”，符合描述“农业价值较低的土地”这一语境。故选项F。 14．考查形容词。句意：你不是把高产的土地拿出来(做池塘)，而是快速建立了一个物种可以在景观中跳跃的网络。根据前文“restored 11“zombie”ponds on their 450-hectare farm”可知，修复池塘并没有占用那些原本用于农业生产的宝贵土地。I项“productive”意为“多产的，高产的”，与“agricultural land”常搭配使用，符合“不占用良田”的语义。故选项I。 15．考查名词。句意：这项工作是由埃塞克斯“失落的池塘”项目推动的，该项目是埃塞克斯野生动物信托基金会和皇家鸟类保护协会之间的一个合作项目。根据“a(n)__5__between Essex Wildlife Trust and the RSPB”可知，该项目是两个机构共同参与的。G项“partnership”意为“伙伴关系，合作关系”，准确描述了两者之间的关系。故选项G。 16．考查名词。句意：“失落的池塘”项目为农民提供免费调查，以确定可以修复的幽灵或僵尸池塘，并提供资金机会，包括来自住宅建筑商的捐助。根据“including__6__from house-builders”可知，此处指资金来源之一。B项“contributions”意为“贡献，捐款”，符合“来自建筑商的资金支持”这一语境。故选项B。 17．考查副词。句意：一些农民正在独立地修复池塘。根据“Some farmers are restoring ponds__7__”和后文“six of 49 old ponds have been revived without funding”可知，一些农民自行修复池塘，没有依靠外部项目或资金。E项“independently”意为“独立地”，符合语境。故选项E。 18．考查名词。句意：保护机构、农民和公民科学家在这件事上共同努力，对我们所有人都有好处。根据“For conservation__8__,farmers,and citizen scientists to work together”可知，此处需要与“farmers”、“citizen scientists”并列的名词，指参与合作的另一方。A项“bodies”意为“机构，团体”，常用“conservation bodies”表示“保育/保护机构”，符合语境。故选项A。 19．考查形容词。句意：修复后的池塘为斑鸠提供了便利，斑鸠是英国最濒危的鸟类之一，它们在巢穴附近就能获得淡水。根据“turtle doves,one of Britain’s most__9__birds”可知，斑鸠是受保护鸟类。C项“endangered”意为“濒危的”，是描述受威胁物种的常用词，符合语境。故选项C。 20．考查动词。句意：“如果你在一个古老的池塘里有了种床，你就可以让150年未在那里生长过的植物重新生长。”根据“you can__10__plants that haven’t grown there for 150 years”可知，修复池塘可以使早已消失的植物重新出现。J项“regenerate”意为“使再生，使恢复”，符合“使植物重新生长”的语境。故选项J。 本文是一篇新闻类说明文，以余苗使用 AI 智能体怀念逝去友人的个人经历作为引子，介绍国内新规要求科技平台下架具备拟人陪伴属性的 AI 角色，以此防范用户产生情感依赖、损害现实人际关系。文章指出 AI 陪伴产业商业收益可观，会构建出让用户难以割舍的情感关系 【新素材· AI 角色架具备拟人陪伴属性】 A．considerable B．part C．customized D．vulnerable E.addicted F.dependence G.sticky H.unavailable I.expense J.contributor K.secure “I could talk to him for the rest of my life,”says Yu Miao,a 27-year-old woman from Zhejiang province;he is at once“a lover,a friend and family”.Ms Yu has 1 this AI agent on Doubao,a chatbot made by ByteDance,to mimic a dead friend of hers.When she learned recently that ByteDance would soon remove this type of personalized agent entirely,Ms Yu became so depressed that she left her job. Tech firms are removing human-like personas from their chatbots in order to comply with new government rules aimed at reducing“emotional 2”.The regulations,which took effect on July 15th,are the first of their kind to be implemented on a national scale.Companies can still offer such services to adults,but they will need to prevent users becoming 3 and harming their real-life relationships.Providers must also regularly remind users to take breaks. Around the world,growing numbers of people are turning general-purpose chatbots into companions by prompting them to adopt particular personalities.Others prefer dedicated AI-companion apps which offer more human-like features,such as virtual boyfriends that send presents in the real world(at the user’s 4,of course). Tech firms are making a(n)5 sum selling emotional connection:AI companions accounted for 35%of MiniMax’s revenue last year,its single largest 6,according to a filing to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in January.AI companionship can create 7 relationships,turning reliance into revenue.Take some bespoke(定制)apps,which charge a simple subscription fee—an easy way to get users to 8 with their money. The end to such relationships is motivated by both pragmatic and ideological concerns.Regulators want to protect users,particularly minors.In China,the government will impose penalties,such as cash fines and removing apps altogether.Yet the rules exclude work-assistant and customer-service chatbots on the understanding that they are emotionally 9. Still,Ms Yu has not given up hope that ByteDance will eventually bring her agent back,even if she doubts it will resemble the current version.She says she would be willing to pay half her monthly salary just to keep the service as it is.In any case,she now says she realizes that it is not a good idea to leave herself 10 to such platforms. 【答案】 1．C 2．F 3．E 4．I 5．A 6．J 7．G 8．B 9．H 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍字节跳动等科技公司因新规下架个性化AI陪伴角色，这类AI会引发用户情感依赖；AI陪伴产业收益可观，但监管出于保护用户目的出台政策。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：余女士已经在豆包（字节跳动开发的聊天机器人）上定制了这个AI智能体，用来模仿她逝去的朋友。句子时态为现在完成时has done，空格处需填过去分词，根据后文“to mimic a dead friend of hers”可知，这个AI智能体能模仿她逝去的朋友，说明它是被定制出来的，customized表示“定制”。 2．考查名词。句意：科技公司下架聊天机器人的拟人角色，以此遵守政府新规，新规旨在减少“情感依赖”。形容词emotional后接名词，根据前文“this AI agent on Doubao,a chatbot made by ByteDance,to mimic a dead friend of hers”及第四段“selling emotional connection”等内容可知，这类AI陪伴角色与人类构建情感联系，从而引发用户情感依赖，而新规的目的是减少用户对其的情感依赖，dependence意为“依赖”。 3．考查形容词。句意：企业仍然可以向成年人提供这类服务，但它们需要防止用户上瘾，损害现实生活中的人际关系。become后面接形容词作表语，根据后文“harming their real-life relationships”可知，企业要防止用户对AI上瘾，从而损害现实生活中的人际关系，addicted表示“上瘾的”。 4．考查名词。句意：另一些人更偏爱专门的AI陪伴应用，这类应用能提供更贴近真人的功能，例如可以在现实世界送出礼物的虚拟男友（当然，费用由用户承担）。空处需填名词作宾语，根据前文“virtual boyfriends that send presents in the real world”可知，送出礼物需要付费，固定搭配at one’s expense意思是“由某人付费”。 5．考查形容词。句意：科技公司靠售卖情感联结获得可观的收入。空格修饰名词sum，需填形容词，根据后文“selling emotional connection:AI companions accounted for 35%of MiniMax’s revenue last year”可知，科技公司赚取了可观数额的收入，considerable意为“相当多的，可观的”。 6．考查名词。句意：根据一月份提交给香港证券交易所的一份备案文件显示，AI陪伴业务去年占MiniMax营收的35%，是其最大单项收入来源。largest是形容词，后面接名词，根据前文“AI companions accounted for 35%of MiniMax’s revenue last year”可知，它是营收的最大贡献来源，contributor指“收入来源、贡献项”。 7．考查形容词。句意：AI陪伴能够建立难以割舍的关系，把用户依赖转化成收益。空格处需填形容词修饰名词relationships，根据后文“turning reliance into revenue”可知，AI会构建难以脱离的用户关系，sticky本义“粘性的”，此处引申为“难以割舍的”。 8．考查动词。句意：一些定制应用收取订阅费，轻松让用户掏钱。get sb.to do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，to后面用动词原形，根据前文“Take some bespoke(定制)apps,which charge a simple subscription fee”可知，这些应用的目的是让用户花钱，固定短语part with意为“忍痛拿出（钱）”。 9．考查形容词。句意：然而该规定不包含工作助手和客服聊天机器人，理由是这类机器人不具备情感属性。emotionally副词修饰形容词，根据句意“the rules exclude work-assistant and customer-service chatbots”可知，它们没有情感属性，无法产生情感陪伴，unavailable此处指（情感上）无法投入、不具备情感属性，和AI陪伴类机器人形成对比。 10．考查形容词。句意：无论如何，她说现在意识到，让自己容易受这类平台影响并不是一件好事。空处需填形容词作宾补，根据前文“she realizes that it is not a good idea”可知，她意识到不能让自己易受平台影响，固定搭配leave sb.vulnerable to sth.意为“使某人易受……伤害/影响”，vulnerable表示“易受伤害的；易受影响的”。 本文是一篇科普议论文，介绍摄影兼具艺术与科学双重属性。文章阐述成为一名真正的摄影师需要三大核心要素：洞察力、艺术构图能力以及专业技术；人眼与相机镜头视野存在差异，摄影师要学会筛选画面内容；同时摄影师不应完全依赖相机自带电子预设，要主动把控曝光、对焦等细节，发挥人的主观创作能力。 【新素材·摄影兼具艺术与科学双重属性】 A．creative B．exercised C．override D．potential E.temptation  F.framing G.stretching H.slighted  I.escaped J.intervention K.irrelevant When photography was first invented,it changed the world:what people saw could be recorded as it really was without the 11 of an artist.Photography as historical record has been very important ever since.But equally important,the very first pioneers saw that it too,was an art form,not merely a way to document reality.True photographers are artists of the camera. Photography is charming because it is both an art and a science.It is an art over which the photographer has 12 control but only to a certain extent:unlike a painter,you can only take photographs of what is there.If the sun is not shining,you cannot photograph sunlight.So you need to find a subject.But the greatest photographs are of subjects that would have 13 most people’s notice.The truly great photographers are those who can see,in their mind’s eye,the photograph that they can create through their vision,artistry and skill. Vision comes first.If you cannot see the 14,you can never be a true photographer.Artistry,by contrast,can be learned and developed:you can read a book or you take lessons.You can learn from a great practitioner.Perhaps the simplest aspect to describe is 15. The human eye has a huge field of view 16 almost 180 degrees.The lens of a camera,by contrast,has a very restricted field of view.This is both a curse and a blessing.Try as you might,you cannot capture the sheer scale of the human perspective of the world.But you can and must,select the image that you are attempting to snap—or rather to create.Look through the viewfinder:learn to see the world through the lens(镜头).Understand the difference it makes when you remove the 17 and select only what really matters.That is artistry. Next comes skill.This is the technical part.Skill is 18 long before you even start to look for a subject:there are a series of essential decisions which you have to take.Do you want to use a traditional roll-film camera or a digital one?Each of them has advantages and drawbacks.Now that all cameras are in effect mini computers,there is a(n)19 to leave much of the decision-making to the electronics inside but the true photographer will 20 the factory settings to retain control over the details of exposure,focus and contrast. 【答案】 11．J 12．A 13．I 14．D 15．F 16．G 17．K 18．B 19．E 20．C 【导语】文章围绕摄影展开论述，指出摄影兼具艺术与科学双重属性，阐述了成为真正摄影师所需的洞察力、艺术性和专业技能三大核心要素，并对各要素的内涵及培养方式进行了具体说明。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：当摄影首次发明时，它改变了世界：人们所见之物可以被真实记录，无需画家的介入。空处作介词without的宾语，需填名词；根据“what people saw could be recorded as it really was”可推知，摄影能真实记录事物，替代了画家，即无需画家介入其中；用名词intervention作宾语，意为“介入”。 12．考查形容词。句意：摄影是一门艺术，摄影师对其拥有创造性的控制权，但仅限于一定程度：与画家不同，你只能拍摄眼前存在的事物。根据后文“they can create through their vision,artistry and skill”可推知，摄影师能通过自身的眼光、艺术性和技巧进行创造，即这种控制具有创造性；用形容词creative作定语，意为“创造性的”。 13．考查动词。句意：但最伟大的照片，其拍摄对象往往是那些本会逃过大多数人注意的事物。根据“But the greatest photographs are of subjects”和后文“The truly great photographers are those who can see,in their mind’s eye”可推知，伟大摄影师能用心观察，发现常人注意不到的对象，即这些对象本会“逃过”大多数人的注意；用动词escape作谓语，用过去分词escaped构成虚拟语气would have escaped。 14．考查名词。句意：如果你无法看到潜力，就永远成不了真正的摄影师。根据前文“Vision”可推知，摄影师首先要有想象力，要能看见拍摄对象的潜力；用名词potential作宾语，意为“潜力”。 15．考查名词。句意：或许最容易描述的层面是取景。根据下一段围绕相机镜头的取景范围展开论述可推知，此处讨论的是如何通过镜头选取画面，即取景；用名词framing作表语，意为“取景；构图”。 16．考查动词。句意：人眼的视野非常广阔，延伸近180度。空处作后置定语修饰名词field of view，需填非谓语动词；根据“almost 180 degrees”可推知，此处指视野覆盖的范围达到近180度；用动词stretch作后置定语，意为“延伸；覆盖”，与其逻辑主语view之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。 17．考查形容词。句意：理解当你剔除不相关的内容、只选择真正重要的部分时，所产生的差异。根据“select only what really matters”可推知，此处指剔除与核心无关的部分；用形容词irrelevant，与定冠词the连用表示一类事物，意为“不相关的内容”。 18．考查动词。句意：早在你开始寻找拍摄对象之前，技能就已经被锻炼了：你必须做出一系列关键决定。根据“there are a series of essential decisions which you have to take”可推知，技能需要通过实际操作来获得，即被锻炼；用动词exercise作谓语，意为“锻炼；运用”，用过去分词形式exercised构成一般现在时的被动语态is exercised。 19．考查名词。句意：如今所有相机实际上都是微型电脑，人们很容易有把大部分决策交给相机内部电子设备的诱惑，但真正的摄影师会推翻出厂设置，以保持对曝光、对焦和对比度等细节的控制。根据“leave much of the decision-making to the electronics inside”可知，相机内部电子设备能帮助人们完成复杂的设定，让工作变得更简单，这是一种诱惑；用名词temptation作主语，意为“诱惑”。 20．考查动词。句意：如今所有相机实际上都是微型电脑，人们很容易有把大部分决策交给相机内部电子设备的诱惑，但真正的摄影师会推翻出厂设置，以保持对曝光、对焦和对比度等细节的控制。根据“to retain control over the details of exposure,focus and contrast”可推知，真正的摄影师要自主掌控参数，即推翻相机的设置；用动词override作谓语，意为“推翻”，在will后用原形。 2 / 50 1 / 50 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $