考前押题02 语篇语法填空题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期沪教版

考前押题02 语篇语法填空题 话题1 学校生活 话题2 中国文化（常考点） 话题3 人与社会（常考点） 话题4 运动与健康 话题5 科技与生活（难点） 话题6 环境保护（难点） ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 学校生活（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海崇明中学·期中） For most of my life, I struggled with self-acceptance. I constantly compared myself to others and 1 (feel) as if I wasn’t good enough. I thought that if I could just achieve more, look better, or be perfect, I would finally be happy. But the truth is that no amount of external success 2 fill the empty inside if you don’t love yourself. Self-love isn’t about being perfect or never making mistakes. It’s about accepting who you are, flaws and all. It’s about treating yourself with kindness and compassion, even when things don’t go as 3 (plan). One of the most important steps in learning to love yourself is 4 (stop) comparing yourself to others. Everyone is on their own unique journey, and 5 works for someone else might not work for you. Instead of focusing on what you lack, 6 (try) to appreciate what makes you special. Another key to self-acceptance is letting go of the need for approval from others. By basing your self-worth on what others think, you give away your power, with true happiness 7 (come) from within, not from the opinions of others. Finally, remember that self-love is a journey, not a destination. There will be days 8 you feel confident and strong, and other days you doubt yourself. That’s okay. What matters is that you keep moving forward and treat 9 with the same love and respect you would offer a close friend. Learning to love yourself is one of the most important things you can do. It changes the way you see the world and the way you interact with others. 10 you truly accept yourself, you open the door to a happier, more fulfilling life. 【答案】1. felt 2. can 3. planned 4. stopping 5. what 6. try 7. coming 8. when 9. yourself 10. When 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是学会自我接纳和自我关爱的重要性。 (1)题解析： 考查时态。句意：我经常拿自己和别人比较，觉得自己不够好。and前后时态一致，由前面的compared可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填felt。 (2)题解析： 考查情态动词。句意：但事实是，如果你不爱自己，再多的外在成功也无法填补内心的空虚。fill是原形，空格处用情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“再多的外在成功也无法填补内心的空虚”，空格处意为“能够”，情态动词用can，故填can。 (3)题解析： 考查时态，被动语态和这里。句意：它是关于善待和同情自己，即使事情没有按计划进行。as引导的方式状语从句意为“按它们被计划地进行”，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，即as they are planned，状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是planned，故填planned。 (4)题解析： 考查动名词。句意：学会爱自己的最重要的步骤之一就是停止把自己和别人比较。由One of the most important steps可知，空格处用动名词stopping作表语，故填stopping。 (5)题解析： 考查主语从句。句意：每个人都有自己独特的旅程，适合别人的可能并不适合你。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“适合别人的可能并不适合你”，因此用what引导主语从句，故填what。 (6)题解析： 考查祈使句。句意：与其关注自己的不足，不如试着欣赏自己的特别之处。空格处用祈使句表示一个建议，因此空格处用原形，故填try。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：把你的自我价值建立在别人的想法上，你就放弃了自己的权力，真正的幸福来自内心，而不是别人的意见。此处是with复合结构，true happiness和come之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，故填coming。 (8)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：有时你会感到自信和强大，有时你会怀疑自己。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词days是时间，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 (9)题解析： 考查反身代词。句意：重要的是你要继续前进，像对待一个亲密的朋友一样爱和尊重自己。根据语境可知，句子表示“像对待一个亲密的朋友一样爱和尊重自己”，空格处意为“你自己”，用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 (10)题解析： 考查时间状语从句。句意：当你真正接受自己的时候，你就打开了通往更快乐、更充实生活的大门。根据语境可知，句子表示“当你真正接受自己的时候”，空格处用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填When。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖北黄冈部分高中·期中） The wartime stories of alumni (校友) at Chengdu Shishi High School, such as Ling Zezhi, Xiao Xiaoze and Zhang Xueyun, 1 (come) to life before my eyes. I felt a strong 2 (connect) to our school’s heroic past. Among them, Ling’s story is especially moving. As a university student, he joined in 3 December 9th Movement in 1935, calling on people to stand up against the Japanese invasion. Later, he changed his student clothes for a soldier’s uniform, fighting 4 (brave) in the Hundred-Regiment Campaign. At just 29, his life 5 (cut) short while protecting others. He wasn’t alone. Alumni like Xiao and Zhang walked these same halls. They traded books for bullets, 6 (exchange) dreams for duty and finally laying down their 7 (life) for our land and people. Standing on the playground 8 alumni Ling once gave speeches, I can almost hear him calling for his classmates to stand together and fight 9 freedom and liberation (解放) through education. His stories encourage me, giving me the strength to move forward. I will carry on this patriotism and work 10 (build) the strong nation they dreamed of. 【答案】1. came 2. connection 3. the 4. bravely 5. was cut 6. exchanging 7. lives 8. where 9. for 10. to build 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过了解成都石室中学校友的战时故事，深受鼓舞并决心传承爱国精神的故事。 (1)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：成都石室中学校友凌则之、肖孝泽、张学云等人的战时故事在我眼前栩栩如生。本句描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式came。故填came。 (2)题解析： 考查名词。句意：我感到与学校英雄的过去有着强烈的联系。本空作felt的宾语，用名词connection“联系”，故填connection。 (3)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：作为一名大学生，他参加了1935年12月9日运动，号召人们站起来反对日本侵略。根据December 9th Movement可知，此处特指12月9日运动，应用定冠词the，故填the。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：后来，他脱下学生服，穿上军装，在百团大战中英勇作战。此处修饰动词fight，应用副词bravely“勇敢地”，作状语。故填bravely。 (5)题解析： 考查动词时态和语态。句意：年仅29岁的他，在保护他人时英年早逝。根据At just 29可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语his life和动词cut之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cut。 (6)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们用书本换子弹，用梦想换责任，最终为我们的土地和人民献出了生命。exchange“交换”。本句谓语为traded，此处为非谓语动词，此处与laying并列，应用现在分词，作状语，故填exchanging。 (7)题解析： 考查名词复数。句意：他们用书本换子弹，用梦想换责任，最终为我们的土地和人民献出了生命。本空作laying down的宾语，此处指不止一条生命，用名词复数形式，life的复数形式是lives，故填lives。 (8)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：站在校友凌曾经发表演讲的操场上，我几乎能听到他呼吁同学们团结起来，通过教育为自由和解放而战。“___ alumni Ling once gave speeches”为定语从句，先行词是playground，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 (9)题解析： 考查介词。句意：站在校友凌曾经发表演讲的操场上，我几乎能听到他呼吁同学们团结起来，通过教育为自由和解放而战。fight for“为……而战”，本空用介词for“为了”，故填for。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：我将继承这种爱国主义精神，努力建设他们梦想中的强大国家。此处为非谓语动词，表示目的，应用动词build“建设”的不定式，作目的状语，故填to build。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆实验外国语学校·期中） An event marking this year’s Chinese Language Day was held on Thursday in London, 1 (bring) together around 100 students representing six British schools to celebrate the Chinese language and culture. Under the theme “Chinese Language: A Gift Across Time and Space,” the event featured eight hands-on workshops, at 2 high levels of participation enabled students to explore various aspects of Chinese culture, including characters, calligraphy, poetry, martial arts, and opera facial masks. The activities also integrated traditional with modern elements, ranging from the intricate (精巧的) art of ancient woodblock printing 3 immersive virtual reality experiences that recreated historical scenes. “Chinese is a challenging language to learn but also 4 (incredible) fun and exciting,” said Noah Eskinazi-Nehme, a student from City of London School, adding that he hopes to visit China one day to further improve his language skills while he 5 (explore) the country’s diverse landscapes and seeing the pandas. His 6 (inspire) and motivation in his studies come from the hope that his future career will keep him 7 (connect) to China throughout his life. Patrick Adamson, deputy headteacher of Calday Grange Grammar School, said that learning Chinese has enabled students to “engage with China not as a concept, but as 8 living and vibrant culture.” “Language serves as a means for exchanging ideas and a bridge for mutual understanding,” said Zhao Fei, minister of the Chinese Embassy in the UK. He described mastering Chinese as “holding a magic key 9 (bridge) the past and present,” explaining that it allows students to “traverse (穿越) time, explore China’s 5,000 years of civilization, understand its current progress, 10 get a view of its future.” 【答案】1. bringing 2. which 3. to 4. incredibly 5. is exploring 6. inspiration 7. connected 8. a 9. to bridge 10. and 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍伦敦举办中国语言日活动，汇聚英国学生体验中国文化，展现汉语的价值与中英文化交流意义。 (1)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：本周四，今年的中国语言日活动在伦敦举行，约100名来自六所英国学校的学生齐聚一堂，庆祝汉语和中国文化。此处为非谓语动词，an event与bring为主动关系，用现在分词bringing作状语。故填bringing。 (2)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：活动以“汉语：跨越时空的礼物”为主题，设有八个实践工作坊，学生们的高参与度让他们能够探索中国文化的各个方面，包括汉字、书法、诗歌、武术和戏曲脸谱。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为eight hands-on workshops，指物，在从句中作介词at的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 (3)题解析： 考查介词。句意：这些活动还融合了传统与现代元素，从精巧的古代木刻版画艺术到重现历史场景的沉浸式虚拟现实体验。此处为固定搭配“range from...to...”，意为“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：“汉语是一门有挑战性的语言，但也非常有趣和令人兴奋。”来自伦敦城市学校的学生诺亚·埃斯金纳齐-内姆说，并补充道他希望有一天能访问中国，在探索这个国家多样的风景和看熊猫的同时进一步提高自己的语言技能。此处修饰形容词fun and exciting，用incredible的副词形式incredibly，意为“非常、极其”。故填incredibly。 (5)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：“汉语是一门有挑战性的语言，但也非常有趣和令人兴奋。”来自伦敦城市学校的学生诺亚·埃斯金纳齐-内姆说，并补充道他希望有一天能访问中国，在探索这个国家多样的风景和看熊猫的同时进一步提高自己的语言技能。此处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和后文“seeing”，动词explore与主语之间为主动关系，此处用现在进行时表将来；主语he为单数，所以谓语动词为is exploring。故填is exploring。 (6)题解析： 考查名词。句意：他学习的灵感和动力来自于希望自己未来的职业生涯能让他一生都与中国保持联系。此处与motivation并列作主语，用inspire的名词形式inspiration，意为“灵感”，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：他学习的灵感和动力来自于希望自己未来的职业生涯能让他一生都与中国保持联系。此处为“Keep+宾语+宾补”结构，所以此处为非谓语动词作宾补，him与connect为被动关系，用过去分词connected，固定搭配“keep sb. connected to”意为“让某人与……保持联系”。故填connected。 (8)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：卡尔迪·格兰奇文法学校副校长帕特里克·亚当森说，学习汉语让学生们“不是把中国当作一个概念，而是当作一种充满活力和生机的文化”来接触。culture为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一种文化”，且living是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 (9)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：他将掌握汉语描述为“持有一把能连接过去与现在的魔法钥匙”，并解释说这让学生们能够“穿越时空，探索中国5000年的文明，了解其当前的进步，并展望其未来”。此处作后置定语修饰a magic key，用动词不定式to bridge，表“能连接过去与现在的钥匙”。故填to bridge。 (10)题解析： 考查连词。句意：他将掌握汉语描述为“持有一把能连接过去与现在的魔法钥匙”，并解释说这让学生们能够“穿越时空，探索中国5000年的文明，了解其当前的进步，并展望其未来”。此处连接“traverse time”、“explore China’s 5,000 years of civilization”、“understand its current progress”与“get a view of its future”四个并列宾语，表顺承关系，用连词and。故填and。 话题2 中国文化（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖北随州高中教联体·期中） Shark’s Fin and Sichuan Pepper (《鱼翅与花椒》) is a book on Chinese cuisine by British writer Fuchsia Dunlop, 1 has spent about 15 years exploring China and its diverse food culture. The book 2 (consist) of 16 chapters, each featuring a practical recipe. Dunlop explores Chinese food from the remote Gansu countryside 3 the historic city of Yangzhou. Rather than 4 (mere) presenting the food, she immerses herself in tasting it and, more importantly, investigating it. From amazement to 5 (accept), Dunlop embarks on this food journey by learning to cook and trying different Chinese foods including sea cucumber and scorpion (蝎子), despite her usual dietary preferences. This 6 (remark) book provides an exciting journey changing from simple descriptions of Sichuan pepper to serious discussions on topics like animal cruelty related to expensive food such as shark’s fin. Readers are also encouraged 7 (appreciate) other aspects of life beyond food from the perspective of 8 outsider. Dunlop’s passion for Chinese cuisine is clear throughout her writing. She shows how westerners can set aside biases (偏见) and accept Chinese culture. This duality (双重性) 9 (reflect) in the book’s title: Sichuan pepper stands for everyday energy, while shark’s fin represents high-end luxury. This mix of daily life and a taste for luxury enriches Chinese cuisine, 10 (leave) a lasting impression on readers. 【答案】1. who 2. consists 3. to 4. merely 5. acceptance 6. remarkable 7. to appreciate 8. an 9. is reflected 10. leaving 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《鱼翅与花椒》一书以及作家对中国美食的探索。 (1)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：《鱼翅与花椒》是英国作家Fuchsia Dunlop关于中国烹饪的一本书，她花了大约15年的时间探索中国及其多样的饮食文化。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Fuchsia Dunlop，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 (2)题解析： 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这本书由16章组成，每一章都有一个实用的食谱。consist of“包括，由……组成”。此处描述的是一般事实，所以时态用一般现在时，且主语The book是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用consist的第三人称单数形式。故填consists。 (3)题解析： 考查介词。句意：邓洛普从遥远的甘肃乡村探索到历史悠久的扬州美食。from... to...“从……到……”，为固定短语，其中to为介词。故填to。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：她不仅仅是呈现食物，而是沉浸其中品尝，更重要的是对其进行研究。此处修饰动词presenting，所以用副词merely“仅仅”，作状语。故填merely。 (5)题解析： 考查名词。句意：从惊讶到接受，邓洛普通过学做和尝试不同的中国食物（包括海参和蝎子），开始了她的美食之旅，尽管她平时的饮食偏好并非如此。from... to...“从……到……”，为固定短语，其中to为介词，本空作to的宾语，所以此处用名词acceptance“接受”。故填acceptance。 (6)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：这本非凡的书提供了一段从简单描述四川花椒到严肃讨论与昂贵食物（如鱼翅）相关的动物虐待等话题的激动人心的旅程。此处修饰名词book，作定语，所以形容词用remarkable“非凡的”。故填remarkable。 (7)题解析： 考查固定搭配。句意：读者也被鼓励从一个局外人的角度欣赏食物之外的生活的其他方面。本句谓语为are encouraged，此处为非谓语动词，encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，本空用appreciate“欣赏”的不定式。故填to appreciate。 (8)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：读者也被鼓励从一个局外人的角度欣赏食物之外的生活的其他方面。此处泛指“一个局外人”，且outsider是发音以元音音素开头的单词，所以不定冠词用an。故填an。 (9)题解析： 考查动词语态。句意：这种双重性在书名中得到了体现：四川花椒代表日常活力，而鱼翅则代表高端奢华。本句描述的一般事实，所以时态用一般现在时，且主语This duality与reflect“反映，显示”为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为 第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is reflected。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种日常生活与奢华品味的结合丰富了中国美食，给读者留下了深刻的印象。本句谓语为enriches，此处为非谓语动词，且This mix与leave“留下”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填leaving。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆九校联盟·期中） “I never imagined that my work would appear on a fashion runway in Paris,” said Aniu Axia, 1 representative protector of Yi embroidery (刺绣). At a fashion show 2 (hold) at the Louvre Museum in France in December 2024, her Yi embroidery designs immediately won over the audience. This moment of international 3 (recognize) proved that ethnic culture could shine globally. 4 (grow) up in Zhaojue County, Sichuan Province, Aniu learned embroidery from her mother. In college, her Yi-style clothes attracted admiration, inspiring her to share her 5 (culture) heritage. After graduation, she refused a teaching job and opened a studio to develop Yi embroidery products. Since the market wasn’t ready, she 6 (force) to close her studio. To preserve the art, she began to visit older craft workers and record traditional patterns. In 2010, she launched a program to teach young embroiderers. 7 (eventual), Aniu Axia’s hard work paid off. By mixing traditional Yi elements 8 global fashion trends, she created a series of designs that are both culturally rich and modern. In 2018, she presented her collection at the China Fashion Week and later in Paris, 9 showed the creative ability of ethnic fashion. To reach a broader market, she 10 (expand) into other product categories in recent years, continuing to demonstrate how tradition and creativity can beautifully exist together. 【答案】1. a 2. held 3. recognition 4. Growing 5. cultural 6. was forced 7. Eventually 8. with 9. which 10. has expanded 【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了彝族刺绣传承人阿牛阿呷历经创业挫折，坚持传承非遗技艺，将传统元素与时尚融合，作品亮相巴黎时装周，让民族文化走向世界。 (1)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：“我从未想过我的作品会出现在巴黎的时装秀台上，”彝绣的代表保护者阿牛阿呷说道。protector 为泛指，且representative是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 (2)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：在 2024年12月于法国卢浮宫博物馆举行的时装秀上，她的彝族刺绣系列设计立刻赢得了观众的青睐。此处hold与show构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。 (3)题解析： 考查名词。句意：这一国际认可的时刻证明了民族文化能够在全球范围内大放异彩。作介词的宾语，用名词recognition，故填recognition。 (4)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：阿牛在四川省昭觉县长大，她是从母亲那里学习刺绣的。此处grow与Aniu构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Growing。 (5)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：在大学期间，她穿着的彝族服饰引人注目，这激发了她传承自己民族文化的愿望。修饰空格后面的名词heritage用形容词cultural。故填cultural。 (6)题解析： 考查时态语态。句意：由于市场尚未准备好，她被迫关闭了自己的工作室。主语she与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Since the market wasn’t ready可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was forced。 (7)题解析： 考查副词。句意：最终，阿牛阿呷的辛勤努力得到了回报。修饰后文句子用副词eventually，首字母大写。故填Eventually。 (8)题解析： 考查介词。句意：通过将传统的彝族元素与全球时尚潮流相结合，她设计出了一系列兼具深厚文化底蕴又极具现代感的作品。短语mix with表示“将……混合”。故填with。 (9)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：2018年，她在中国时装周以及随后在巴黎展示了她的系列作品，这充分展现了民族时尚的创新能力。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 (10)题解析： 考查时态。句意：为了开拓更广阔的市场，她近年来已涉足其他产品类别，继续展现了传统与创意能够完美融合的美妙景象。根据后文in recent years可知为现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。故填has expanded。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖北襄阳第四中学·期中） The 1,300-year-old Thangka art, a painting skillfully crafted on woven (编织的) material, is an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan culture and stands 1 an important part of China’s intangible cultural heritage for its artistic value. “Traditionally, the subjects 2 (express) in Thangka masterpieces include local culture and Tibetan medicine,” said Goinqogyai, a fifth-generation Thangka artist from Lhatse County. With over three decades of experience, he can find inspiration in all art 3 (form) for creating Thangka artwork. In 2016, he went to Tsinghua University for further theoretical study on traditional Chinese painting. Soon after Goinqogyai 4 (determined) attempted to apply the realistic techniques of traditional landscape and bird paintings to Thangka art, he was thrilled at 5 enabled him to develop a fresh approach to presenting snow-covered mountains, lakes and forests. 6 (observe) nature up close, he often takes trips to the wild to photograph mountains, lakes and forests, 7 he reproduces later with ink and brushes. Equally important is to train emerging talents for the promotion and continuity of Thangka painting. In recent years, numerous Thangka schools, studios and university programs 8 (establish) to attract young people to this tradition. With the joint efforts, Xizang is fostering innovative development in Thangka painting, 9 (breathe) new life into this ancient art form, which is a living testament to China’s 10 (commit) to cultural diversity. 【答案】1. as 2. expressed 3. forms 4. determinedly 5. what 6. To observe 7. which 8. have been established 9. breathing 10. commitment 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产唐卡艺术的文化价值、传承创新实践及发展现状。 (1)题解析： 考查介词。句意：拥有1300年历史的唐卡艺术，是一种精妙绘制于编织材料上的绘画形式，堪称藏文化的图文百科全书。stand as是固定短语，意为“作为……而存在”。故填as。 (2)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：“传统上，唐卡精品所展现的主题包括当地文化与藏医药，”来自拉孜县的第五代唐卡艺人贡秋加（Goinqogyai）表示。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，subject和express之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词。故填expressed。 (3)题解析： 考查名词复数。句意：他拥有三十余年的从业经验，能从各类艺术形式中汲取灵感，创作唐卡作品。form意为“形式”，可数名词，由all修饰应用其复数形式。故填forms。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：贡秋加坚定地尝试将传统山水、花鸟画的写实技法融入唐卡艺术后不久，便惊喜地发现这一尝试让他找到了呈现雪山、湖泊与森林的全新方式。修饰动词attempted应用副词determinedly，作状语。故填determinedly。 (5)题解析： 考查宾语从句。句意：贡秋加坚定地尝试将传统山水、花鸟画的写实技法融入唐卡艺术后不久，便惊喜地发现这一尝试让他找到了呈现雪山、湖泊与森林的全新方式。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 (6)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了近距离观察自然，他常深入野外拍摄山川湖林，随后用笔墨将这些景致再现于画中。空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To observe。 (7)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：为了近距离观察自然，他常深入野外拍摄山川湖林，随后用笔墨将这些景致再现于画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mountains, lakes and forests，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 (8)题解析： 考查时态和语态。句意：近年来，众多唐卡学校、工作室及高校相关专业相继成立，以吸引年轻人投身这一传统艺术领域。根据时间状语In recent years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语numerous Thangka schools, studios and university programs和establish之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have been established。 (9)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：在各方共同努力下，西藏正推动唐卡绘画的创新发展，为这一古老艺术形式注入新的活力——这生动印证了中国对文化多样性的坚定承诺。空处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语Xizang和breathe之间为逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填breathing。 (10)题解析： 考查名词。句意：在各方共同努力下，西藏正推动唐卡绘画的创新发展，为这一古老艺术形式注入新的活力——这生动印证了中国对文化多样性的坚定承诺。空处应用名词作介词to的宾语，commitment意为“承诺”，不可数名词。故填commitment。 话题3 人与社会（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆长寿中学校·期中） Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away at the age of 103, according to Chinese media. He was known as one of the most 1 (influence) scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their discovery helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. Born in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, 3 his father taught mathematics, he developed a deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize”. 4 (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. 5 (earn) his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang went on 6 (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship 7 studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang made 8 (contribute) to many fields of physics, focusing especially 9 statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, 10 honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear recognition of his lifelong devotion to science. 【答案】1. influential 2. won 3. where 4. Remarkably 5. Having earned 6. to complete 7. and 8. contributions 9. on 10. an 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名华裔物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁的生平及成就。 (1)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：他被认为是世界上最有影响力的科学家之一。本空修饰名词scientists，用influence的形容词形式influential“有影响力的”，作定语。故填influential。 (2)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：1957年，杨振宁和另一位物理学家李政道因对宇称定律的研究而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。根据时间状语In 1957可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用win“赢得”的过去式won。故填won。 (3)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：在清华大学校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教数学，他对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。“_____ his father taught mathematics”是定语从句，先行词是the campus of Tsinghua University，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，这个梦想在他35岁时实现了。本空修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式，用副词remarkably“值得注意的是”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Remarkably。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年，杨振宁从昆明的国立西南联合大学获得学士学位后，继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位。本句谓语为went，此处为非谓语动词，主语Yang与earn之间是主动关系，且earn的动作发生在went on之前，用现在分词的完成式having earned作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填 Having earned。 (6)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年，杨振宁在昆明国立西南联合大学获得学士学位后，继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位。go on to do sth.是固定短语，意为“继续做另一件事”，所以此处应用动词complete“完成”的不定式形式。故填to complete。 (7)题解析： 考查连词。句意：抗日战争结束后，他凭借清华大学的奖学金前往美国，并在芝加哥大学师从建造了世界上第一座核反应堆的恩里科·费米。“went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship”和“studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi”之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 (8)题解析： 考查名词的数。句意：在他漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁对物理学的许多领域做出了贡献，特别是统计力学和对称原理。contribution“贡献”是可数名词，根据空后的many fields可知，贡献不止一个，应用复数形式，作made的宾语。故填contributions。 (9)题解析： 考查介词。句意：在他漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁对物理学的许多领域做出了贡献，特别是统计力学和对称原理。focus on是固定短语，意为“专注于，集中于”，所以此处应用介词on。故填on。 (10)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：不仅诺贝尔奖授予了他荣誉；1957年，他获得了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦纪念奖，一年后，又获得了普林斯顿大学的荣誉博士学位——这是对他毕生致力于科学的明确认可。此处表示泛指“一个荣誉博士学位”，应用不定冠词，且honorary的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Buy, buy in Bangkok The city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily. Even if you are just in town for a few days, 1 (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those 2 like to keep the swings open. It is in Central Bangkok 3 you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，which has a “one-stop shopping” philosophy 4 (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice 5 clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. For Muslim customers there’s a prayer room 6 (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkok’s VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists 7 claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent 8 they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airport. Just a few minutes’ walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkok’s popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters —that’s 77 soccer fields — of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 15-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and 9 (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors 10 (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment environments. 【答案】1. shopping 2. who 3. that 4. featuring 5. about/on 6. located 7. can 8. if 9. the largest 10. to keep 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在泰国曼谷购物和娱乐是一种不容错过的体验。 (1)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：即使你只是在那呆几天，在曼谷购物也是一种不容错过的体验。此处的shop为动词，表示 “购物”，分析句子结构可知应该用动名词作主语，故填shopping。 (2)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：从有空调的商场到热闹的市场，对于那些喜欢逛街的人来说，这是一次天堂之旅。先行为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who。 (3)题解析： 考查强调句型。句意：在曼谷市中心，你还会发现吸引人的娱乐场所和精致奢华的高档消费场所。将It is和空处去掉后句子结构依然完整，因此本句为强调句型（基本结构为：it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分），本句强调的是地点状语in Central Bangkok，故填that。 (4)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司拥有“一站式购物”的购物理念，从国际和本地顶级品牌中挑选多种商品。a “one-stop shopping” philosophy 与feature之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填featuring。 (5)题解析： 考查介词。句意：店内服务包括个人时尚造型师，他们会为你提供最适合你的服装、化妆、发型设计和配饰方面的专业建议。advice about/on表示“关于……的建议”，故填about/on。 (6)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：六楼有一个为穆斯林游客准备的祈祷室。be located+介词表示“位于”，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填located。 (7)题解析： 考查情态动词。句意：这意味着，如果大多数游客在一天内花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税，他们可以申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税。根据句意可知此处表示“能够、可以”，故填can。 (8)题解析： 考查条件状语从句。句意同上，根据句意可知，花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税是游客申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税的条件，此处表示“如果”，故填if。 (9)题解析： 考查形容词最高级。句意：“中心世界”占地55万平方米，拥有77个足球零售和娱乐场所，其中包括两个大型商店Zen和Isetan、500多家商店、100家Pius餐厅、15个银幕影院、一个溜冰场和亚洲最大的超市。根据句意可知此处指的是“亚洲最大的超市”，突出“中心世界”的规模之大，故填the largest。 (10)题解析： 考查不定式。句意：那里有训练有素的主管去密切关注他们，确保他们充分利用寓教于乐的环境。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·江苏南京航空航天大学苏州附属中学·期中） Chen Ning Yang is widely considered an outstanding physicist. He made enormous contributions that reshaped modem science 1 advanced China’s academic development. Born in 1922 in Hefei, he 2 (demonstrate) exceptional talent in math and physics at university, despite challenging wartime conditions After his master’s at Tsinghua, he pursued doctoral studies in Chicago 3 the guidance of Nobel winner Enrico Fermi. In 1957, working 4 (joint) with Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed the non-conservation of parity in weak interactions — 5 revolutionary theory that shattered (完全颠覆) long-held 6 (belief) in physics, earning them the Nobel Prize. The Yang-Mills theory, established with Robert Mills, later formed the structural 7 (base) for the Standard Model of particle physics and remains highly influential in guiding research worldwide. In his later years, Yang returned to China, 8 (commit) himself to advancing scientific education at Tsinghua University. Beyond teaching, he fostered international cooperation, 9 enhanced China’s global scientific position. His persistent efforts helped establish advanced research systems and inspired numerous students to pursue innovative work. Yang’s life perfectly combined world-class scholarship with deep patriotism. As his wife Weng Fan wrote, his life “was a satisfactory answer sheet 10 (hand) in for humanity’s progress.” He became a symbol of China’s rejuvenation (复兴) — a role model showing how knowledge and dedication can serve both humanity and the motherland. 【答案】1. and 2. demonstrated 3. under 4. jointly 5. a 6. beliefs 7. basis 8. committing 9. which 10. handed 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了杨振宁的生平、学术成就及对祖国的贡献。 (1)题解析： 考查连词。句意：他做出了巨大的贡献，重塑了现代科学，并推动了中国的学术发展。“reshaped modem science”和“advanced China’s academic development”为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 (2)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：尽管处于战时的艰难条件下，他在大学期间在数学和物理方面表现出了非凡的天赋。本句描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用demonstrate“展示”的过去式。故填demonstrated。 (3)题解析： 考查介词。句意：在清华大学获得硕士学位后，他在诺贝尔奖获得者恩里科·费米的指导下在芝加哥攻读博士学位。此处表示“在……的指导下”，应用介词短语under the guidance of。故填under。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中宇称不守恒的理论——这是一个革命性的理论，彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的信念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。本空修饰动词working，作状语，应用副词jointly“共同地，联合地”。故填jointly。 (5)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中宇称不守恒的理论——这是一个革命性的理论，彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的信念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。theory“理论”是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个革命性的理论”，且revolutionary是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 (6)题解析： 考查名词复数。句意：1957年，他与李政道合作，提出了弱相互作用中宇称不守恒的理论——这是一个革命性的理论，彻底颠覆了物理学中长期存在的信念，为他们赢得了诺贝尔奖。belief“信念”为可数名词，此处指物理学中“长期以来普遍持有的多种信念”，需用复数形式beliefs，作held的宾语。故填beliefs。 (7)题解析： 考查名词。句意：与罗伯特·米尔斯共同建立的杨-米尔斯理论后来构成了粒子物理标准模型的结构基础，并在指导全球研究方面仍然具有高度影响力。此处应用名词base的名词形式basis“基础”，作formed的宾语。故填basis。 (8)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：晚年，杨回到中国，致力于推动清华大学的科学教育。本句已有谓语动词returned，所以commit“致力于”应用非谓语动词形式，主语Yang与commit之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填committing。 (9)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：除了教学，他还促进了国际合作，这提升了中国在全球科学界的地位。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：正如他的妻子翁帆所写，他的一生“是为人类进步交出的一份令人满意的答卷”。hand in“上交”。本句已有谓语动词was，所以hand应用非谓语动词形式，hand与逻辑主语answer sheet之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填handed。 话题4 运动与健康（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海吴淞中学·期中） The secret to a longer life? Being conscientious（认真的） Executives who build successful companies, Olympic athletes, and even some US presidents are all likely to live longer than the average person — because they are more conscientious. The life-extending benefits of a conscientious life 1 (bring) to light by a comparison of 20 previous studies. The studies, rated 8,900 people for conscientiousness using a standard psychological survey, and also recorded 2 they died. Howard Friedman and Margaret Kern at the University of California at Riverside found that people who were less conscientious were 50 percent more likely to die at any given age, on average, than 3 of the same age who scored highly. This has a greater impact than socioeconomic status and intelligence, which are also known 4 (increase) longevity. The analysis by Friedman and Kern highlighted a significant correlation between conscientiousness and life span, 5 (suggest) that personality traits play a critical role in determining longevity. Friedman and Kern then divided the most conscientious study subjects into subgroups and found that high achievers were most likely to live the longest, says Kern. “These are individuals who are hard-working, resourceful, confident, and ambitious; the longest second line were orderly people, 6 structured and disciplined lifestyles contributed to their longevity. Finally, traits of responsibility and reliability were also significant. “These are people often 7 (see) as respectable members of the community. They contribute time and energy to society, cooperate with colleagues and neighbors, and are trustworthy people,” says Kern. Friedman suggests that conscientious people do not live longer simply 8 they are boring or cautious, but admits they tend to “live lives that are more stable and less stressful”. This stability might come 9 their ability to plan, organize, and maintain healthy routines, which are essential for long-term well-being. “One of the studies we included 10 (look) at American presidents,” says Kern. The first US president, George Washington, lived to be 67, double the life expectancy there at the time. “Washington was very conscientious, yet he certainly didn’t live a boring life.” 【答案】1. were brought 2. when 3. those 4. to increase 5. suggesting 6. whose 7. seen 8. because 9. from 10. looked 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过整合20项研究，美国学者发现“认真尽责”性格可显著提高寿命，其效果超越社会经济地位和智商。 (1)题解析： 考查时态和语态。句意：一项对 20 项先前研究的比较揭示了认真负责的生活方式对延长寿命的益处。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；主语The life-extending benefits与动词短语bring to light之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词用were。故填were brought。 (2)题解析： 考查宾语从句。句意：这些研究通过一项标准的心理调查对8900人进行了责任心方面的评估，并且还记录了他们的死亡时间。空格后的部分是宾语从句，此处表示“记录死亡的时间”，用连接副词when引导宾语从句。故填when。 (3)题解析： 考查代词。句意：加利福尼亚大学河滨分校的霍华德·弗里德曼和玛格丽特·凯恩发现，那些不太注重自律的人，在同等年龄阶段内平均死亡的概率要比那些得分较高的同龄人高出50%。根据空格后的of the same age who scored highly可知，空格处应该填入一个代词代替上文的people，且意义为“那些人”，用those。故填those。 (4)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：这比社会经济地位和智力所产生的影响都要大，而这些因素也已被证实能延长寿命。be known to do“被认为做某事”是固定搭配。故填to increase。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：弗里德曼和凯恩的分析揭示了责任心与寿命之间存在着显著的关联，这表明性格特征在决定寿命方面起着至关重要的作用。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词suggest与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词suggesting作状语。故填suggesting。 (6)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：第二长寿群体是生活规律的人，他们有条理、自律的生活方式有助于长寿。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，关系词在从句中作定语，且意义为“……的；其”，所以用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些人通常被视为社区中值得尊敬的成员。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰上文的名词people，动词see与名词people之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词seen作定语。故填seen。 (8)题解析： 考查连词。句意：弗里德曼认为，那些尽职尽责的人之所以寿命更长，并非仅仅是因为他们性格沉稳、行事谨慎，而是因为他们往往“过着更为稳定、压力较小的生活”。空格后的内容与上文是因果关系，所以，空格处应该用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 (9)题解析： 考查介词。句意：这种稳定性可能源于他们具备的规划、组织以及维持健康生活规律的能力，而这些对于长期的身心健康至关重要。come from“源于；来自于”的固定搭配，符合句意。故填from。 (10)题解析： 考查时态。句意：“我们所纳入的一项研究是关于美国总统的，”凯恩说道。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文的we included可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填looked。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖北宜城一中、枣阳一中等鄂北六校·期中） Cold water swimming sometimes called wild swimming, which builds endurance, muscle strength and Cardiovascular fitness, involves swimming in natural areas including ponds, rivers and the sea. Many people are taking risks to have a try, 1 (base) on evidence that it can actually be good for us. For example, on a cold Sunday in February, a group of Harpswellians wearing swimsuits gathered at Tide Mill Cove on Harpswell Neck to do 2 unthinkable. The group, known 3 Harpswell Open Water Swimmers, had a relaxing swim in water just barely above freezing. Participants 4 (meet) regularly since last November 5 (enjoy)a recreation most people would consider a waking nightmare. “Everyone thinks we’re crazy,” said Adrienne Grant, who joined the group with her husband, because they heard cold water swimming promotes good health. The Harpswell swimming group was founded by Karen Nazor, a lifelong athlete who broke her leg in a 2017 skiing accident and was told she might never walk again. She was also diagnosed (诊断) with osteoporosis, a condition 6 the bones become weak and are easily broken. Despite all the difficulties, she recovered 7 (full) from the accident, switched to open water swimming 8 never looked back. Nazor began swimming competitively, and she formed the Harpswell group on a social media platform in October, 2024, to help normalize cold water swimming in Maine. More than 60 members have joined. 9 (commit) herself to the development of cold water swimming and caring deeply for her members, Nazor gains wide 10 (popular) among the group. 【答案】1. based 2. the 3. as 4. have met/have been meeting 5. to enjoy 6. where 7. fully 8. and 9. Committing 10. popularity 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以哈普斯韦尔冷水游泳小组为例介绍了冷水游泳虽有风险但有益健康，许多人愿意尝试。 (1)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人冒着风险尝试冷水游泳，这是基于它确实对我们有益的证据。many people与base之间是被动关系，“be based on”表示“基于……”，此处用过去分词短语作状语，省略be动词。故填based。 (2)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：例如，在二月一个寒冷的周日，一群穿着泳衣的哈普斯韦尔人聚集在哈普斯韦尔角的泰德米尔湾，做一件难以想象的事。根据“unthinkable”为形容词可知，此处需用 “the + 形容词” 表示“一类事物/情况”，即“难以想象的事情”。故填the。 (3)题解析： 考查介词。句意：这个被称为“哈普斯韦尔公开水域游泳者”的小组，在略高于冰点的水中轻松游泳。“be known as”是固定搭配，意为“被称为……、以……闻名”，此处表示小组的名称。故填as。 (4)题解析： 考查现在完成进行时。句意：自去年11月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。根据时间状语“since last November”可知，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，用现在完成时，也可以理解为动作从过去持续到现在且可能仍在进行，用现在完成进行时。主语Participants是复数，故填have met/have been meeting。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：自去年11月以来，参与者们定期聚会，享受这项大多数人认为是清醒时噩梦的娱乐活动。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明“定期聚会”的目的是“享受娱乐活动”。故填to enjoy。 (6)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：她还被诊断出患有骨质疏松症，这是一种骨骼变脆且易骨折的疾病。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a condition，在从句中作地点状语（相当于in which），应用关系副词where。故填where。 (7)题解析： 考查副词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身公开水域游泳，并且再也没有回头。此处需要副词修饰动词recovered，full的副词形式是fully，意为“完全地”。故填fully。 (8)题解析： 考查连词。句意：尽管困难重重，她还是从事故中完全康复，转而投身公开水域游泳，并且再也没有回头。“康复”、“转投冷水游泳”和“不再回头”之间是顺承关系，应用连词and连接并列的谓语动词。故填and。 (9)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：纳佐致力于推广冷水游泳，并且深切关爱她的成员，因此在小组中广受好评。句子主语Nazor与commit之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词短语作原因状语，commit的现在分词是committing，句首单词首字母大写。故填Committing。 (10)题解析： 考查名词。句意：纳佐致力于推广冷水游泳，并且深切关爱她的成员，因此在小组中广受好评。形容词wide后接名词作宾语，popular的名词形式是popularity，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中） As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature, draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. By now, the race, along with its muddy routes, high walls, and various obstacles, 3 (gain) significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series landed in Changchun 4 next month, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances ranging from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 5 (demand) obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, which is 6 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far 7 accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 8 (break) free from concrete buildings and stay 9 (close) connected with nature.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just 10 (fit) , but a kind of dialogue with the wilderness.” 【答案】1. which 2. popularity 3. has gained 4. and 5. demanding 6. a 7. from 8. to break 9. closely 10. fitness 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国的斯巴达勇士赛的兴起。 (1)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：户外运动考验人们的身体极限，使他们与自然重新联系起来，将市民从健身房吸引到荒野中。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Outdoor sports指物，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 (2)题解析： 考查名词。句意：在这一趋势中脱颖而出的是斯巴达勇士赛，它在中国许多城市都大受欢迎。空格处作介词in宾语，popular的名词是popularity，意为“受欢迎程度”符合合句意，是不可数名词，故填popularity。 (3)题解析： 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这场比赛，连同泥泞的路线、高墙和各种障碍，在网上也获得了极大的吸引力。此空在句中作谓语，由By now可知，句子时态用现在完成时，along with连接并列主语时，谓语根据前面的主语，即the race来确定，the race是单数，因此空格处是has gained。故填has gained。 (4)题解析： 考查连词。句意：上个月，斯巴达中国系列赛在长春举办，下个月，斯巴达儿童世界锦标赛将在河北省云顶滑雪公园举行。前面的句子“Last month, the Spartan China series landed in Changchun”和后面的“next month, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province”之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 (5)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：每项赛事都要求参赛者完成5至50公里的距离，并根据比赛类别设置一些苛刻的障碍。空格处用形容词demanding作定语，修饰名词obstacles，demanding意为“苛刻的，需要高技能（或耐性等）的”。故填demanding。 (6)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：实际上，比赛包括攀爬、悬挂和搬运沙袋，这是一种从健身房回归自然的方式。return是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，空格处用不定冠词，total是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 (7)题解析： 考查介词。句意：中国青少年体育运动中心首席专家刘明义表示，户外跑步比赛的兴起绝非偶然。far from是固定短语，意为“远非”。故填from。 (8)题解析： 考查不定式。句意：现在，人们越来越希望从混凝土建筑中解脱出来，与自然保持密切联系。句中desire是名词，意为“渴望”，其后用不定式作后置定语，故填to break。 (9)题解析： 考查副词。句意：现在，人们越来越希望从混凝土建筑中解脱出来，与自然保持密切联系。空格处用副词closely修饰形容词connected，closely意为“紧密地”。故填closely。 (10)题解析： 考查名词。句意：这些沾满泥浆的赛事不仅有助于强身健体，还能让人与大自然进行一场对话。作动词offer宾语，fit的名词是fitness，意为“健康”，是不可数名词，故填fitness。 话题5 科技与生活（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·江苏马坝高中校级联考·期中） At the height of the pandemic, when going to the gym wasn’t an option, millions of people began exploring virtual workouts from home 1 the first time. And many of them now say they won’t go back. While this is 2 (clear) good news for the companies developing these systems, it has also helped people 3 don’t feel comfortable in a gym or don’t have time to get there. Linda Munson, 56, put on quite a few pounds during the lockdown in 2020. Munson has never been much of 4 gym person. “I am very socially awkward. I get anxious about 5 (go) out,” she says. One day in 2021, she was diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病). That was her wake-up call. Then she started walking and cut out unhealthy food. One day, her son 6 (bring) home a VR headset which has a popular fitness app 7 (call) Supernatural, and she hasn’t stopped playing with it ever since. It allows you 8 (box), swing your arms at targets, and stretch with a coach in front of you. Munson has lost nearly 50 pounds in a year, hasn’t had to take diabetes medicine, and can now play with her seven 9 (energy) grandchildren. While gyms will probably always have devoted 10 (member), some people seem to be happy to work out in their living rooms with a little help from technology. 【答案】1. for 2. clearly 3. who##that 4. a 5. going 6. brought 7. called 8. to box 9. energetic 10. members 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述疫情期间居家虚拟健身兴起，以及琳达借助VR健身应用减重并改善健康状况的故事。 (1)题解析： 考查介词。句意：在疫情最严重的时候，去健身房锻炼行不通，数百万人开始第一次尝试居家虚拟健身。for the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”，符合语境。故填for。 (2)题解析： 考查副词。句意：虽然这对开发这些系统的公司来说显然是个好消息，但它也帮助了那些在健身房感到不自在或者没时间去健身房的人。空格处修饰形容词good，修饰形容词需用副词形式，clear的副词形式是clearly（显然地）。故填clearly。 (3)题解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意：虽然这对开发这些系统的公司来说显然是个好消息，但它也帮助了那些在健身房感到不自在或者没时间去健身房的人。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。 (4)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：芒森从来都不是一个爱去健身房的人。person为可数名词单数，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，gym以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词 a。故填a。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：“我社交很笨拙，一想到出门就会焦虑。” 她说。介词about后接动词时，需用动名词形式作宾语，go的动名词形式是going。故填going。 (6)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：有一天，她的儿子带回家一个虚拟现实头戴设备，里面有一款很受欢迎的名为《Supernatural》的健身应用，从那以后她就一直用这款应用锻炼。根据上下文的时间线索in 2021，此处描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，bring的过去式是brought。故填brought。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：有一天，她的儿子带回家一个虚拟现实头戴设备，里面有一款很受欢迎的名为《Supernatural》的健身应用，从那以后她就一直用这款应用锻炼。空格处作后置定语修饰app，app和call之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式作定语。故填called。 (8)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：这款应用可以让你打拳击、朝着目标挥动手臂，还能跟着面前的教练做拉伸运动。allow sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to box。 (9)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：一年下来，芒森瘦了近50磅，不用再吃糖尿病的药，现在还能和她那七个精力充沛的孙辈一起玩耍。空格处修饰名词grandchildren，修饰名词需用形容词形式，energy的形容词形式是energetic（精力充沛的）。故填energetic。 (10)题解析： 考查名词复数。句意：虽然健身房可能总会有忠实的会员，但有些人似乎很乐意借助科技的小帮助，在自家客厅里锻炼身体。member是可数名词，结合语境“健身房的会员”，且无不定冠词修饰，需用复数形式表泛指。故填members。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·江苏扬州中学联培部·期中） This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission. Since then, China, the third nation in the world capable 1 independently conducting manned space missions has carried out 12 crewed flights. “Our manned space program has been developed rapidly. The scientists and engineers successfully completed each step we 2 (plan) for the program. ”Yang, now a senior official of the manned space program, told that he felt very glad to see the nation’s 3 (achieve) in space. In August 1992, a special committee 4 (comprise) of high-ranking leaders decided that China would assemble a space station in the coming decades. The plan was approved in September that year. 5 marked the start of the nation’s manned space program. To meet the 6 (ambition) goal, scientists made specific plans and took a systematic approach, 7 (advance) patiently from simple, multi-day flights to complicated and month-long missions. Initially, Chinese researchers came across the problem 8 it was difficult to design a new-generation crewed spacecraft. Thankfully, they completed the Tiangong space station last year, 9 laid the foundation for the nation’s first prospective manned expedition to the moon around 2030. Having orbited Earth about 400 kilometers, Tiangong 10 (expect) to operate for at least 10 years as a national space-based laboratory. 【答案】1. of 2. had planned 3. achievements 4. comprised 5. It 6. ambitious 7. advancing 8. that 9. which 10. is expected 【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国作为世界上第三个能够独立执行载人航天任务的国家。 (1)题解析： 考查固定短语。句意：自那时以来，中国作为世界上第三个能够独立执行载人航天任务的国家，已经进行了12次载人飞行。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语be capable of doing，意为“能够做某事”。故填of。 (2)题解析： 考查谓语动词。句意：“我们的载人航天工程发展很快。科学家和工程师们成功地完成了我们计划的每一步。”杨现在是载人航天工程的高级官员，他说他很高兴看到国家在太空方面取得的成就。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句we ____2____(plan) for the program的谓语动词，从句谓语动词plan发生在主句谓语动词completed之前，所以从句谓语用过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作。故填had planned。 (3)题解析： 考查名词的数。句意：见第2题解析。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词形式achievement，作宾语，是可数名词，用复数形式，表示泛指。故填achievements。 (4)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：1992年8月，一个由高级领导人组成的特别委员会决定，中国将在未来几十年内建造一个空间站。根据句子结构和意思可知，动词comprise和被修饰的名词committee是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作后置定语。故填comprised。 (5)题解析： 考查代词。句意：它标志着国家载人航天计划的开始。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里要用代词it，指代上文提到的名词The plan，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 (6)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：为了实现这一宏伟目标，科学家们制定了具体的计划，并采取了系统的方法，耐心地从简单的多日飞行推进到复杂的长达一个月的任务。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里要用形容词，作定语，修饰后面的名词goal。故填ambitious。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据句子结构和意思可知，动词advance是整个主句伴随的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填advancing。 (8)题解析： 考查同位语从句。句意：最初，中国研究人员遇到了新一代载人航天器难以设计的问题。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 (9)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：值得庆幸的是，他们去年完成了天宫空间站，为2030年左右中国首次载人登月奠定了基础。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 (10)题解析： 考查谓语动词。句意：天宫环绕地球运行约400公里，预计将作为国家天基实验室运行至少10年。根据句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语动词expect和句子主语Tiangong是动宾关系，用一般现在时的被动语态结构，be动词用is。故填is expected。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖北鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟·期中） The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded 1 Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi for their pioneering research on peripheral (外围的) immune tolerance, the Nobel Assembly (委员会) at Karolinska Institute said on Monday. The Nobel Prizes were established through 2 will of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite and a 3 (wealth) businessman. Sakaguchi, a Japanese scientist, first identified regulatory T cells in 1995, revealing how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases. At the time, many researchers 4 (convince) that immune tolerance only developed due to 5 (potential) harmful immune cells. Sakaguchi discovered a previously unknown class of immune cells, 6 protect the body from autoimmune diseases. Later Brunkow and Ramsdell identified a change in the Foxp3 gene linked to autoimmune disorders such as IPEX, 7 (strengthen) the molecular basis of immune regulation. The trio’s work expanded understanding beyond central tolerance in the thymus, highlighting mechanisms that stop the immune system from attacking the body. Over the past few years, their discoveries 8 (lay) the foundation for a new field of research and spurred the 9 (pursue) of regulatory T cell-centered therapeutics in areas like cancer, autoimmune disease and organ transplantation. There are currently more than 200 ongoing clinical trials 10 (base) on their research. 【答案】1. to 2. the 3. wealthy 4. were convinced 5. potentially 6. which 7. strengthening 8. have laid 9. pursuit 10. based 【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的获奖情况——卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会宣布该奖项授予玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯德尔和下口绅司，以表彰他们在外周免疫耐受领域的开创性研究。 (1)题解析： 考查介词。句意：卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予玛丽·E·布伦科、弗雷德·拉姆斯德尔和下口绅司，以表彰他们在外周免疫耐受领域的开创性研究。“be awarded to sb.”是固定搭配，意为“被授予某人”，此处表示奖项授予的对象。故填to。 (2)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：诺贝尔奖是根据瑞典炸药发明家、富商阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱设立的。“the will of sb.”表示“某人的遗嘱”，此处特指阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱，应用定冠词the。故填the。 (3)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：诺贝尔奖是根据瑞典炸药发明家、富商阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱设立的。此处需要形容词修饰名词businessman，wealth的形容词形式是wealthy，意为“富有的”。故填wealthy。 (4)题解析： 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：当时，许多研究人员认为免疫耐受仅源于潜在有害的免疫细胞。主语many researchers与convince之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“At the time”（当时，指1995年前后）可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，结构为were + 过去分词。故填were convinced。 (5)题解析： 考查副词。句意：当时，许多研究人员认为免疫耐受仅源于潜在有害的免疫细胞。此处需要副词修饰形容词harmful，potential的副词形式是potentially，意为“潜在地”。故填potentially。 (6)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：下口绅司发现了一类此前未知的免疫细胞，这类细胞能保护身体免受自身免疫疾病的侵害。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是immune cells，指物且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 (7)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，布伦科和拉姆斯德尔发现了与IPEX等自身免疫疾病相关的Foxp3基因变异，强化了免疫调节的分子基础。句子主语Brunkow and Ramsdell与strengthen之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。故填strengthening。 (8)题解析： 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去几年里，他们的发现为一个新的研究领域奠定了基础，并推动了以调节性T细胞为核心的疗法在癌症、自身免疫疾病和器官移植等领域的研究。根据时间状语“Over the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语their discoveries是复数，结构为have + 过去分词，lay的过去分词是laid。故填have laid。 (9)题解析： 考查名词。句意：在过去几年里，他们的发现为一个新的研究领域奠定了基础，并推动了以调节性T细胞为核心的疗法在癌症、自身免疫疾病和器官移植等领域的研究。定冠词the后接名词，pursue的名词形式是pursuit，此处表示“对……的追求/研究”，为不可数名词作宾语。故填pursuit。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，基于他们研究的正在进行的临床试验有200多项。trials与base之间是被动关系，“be based on”表示“基于……”，此处用过去分词作后置定语，省略be动词。故填based。 话题6 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海民办文绮中学·期中） Walking, cycling or hopping on to public transport are the best ways to travel with a clean conscience. Yet cars remain an important option for many families because of its convenience. For people in rural areas, or with mobility problems, a car can be an essential lifeline. Drive with style 1 kind of car you run, one thing is for sure. Though you may feel confident of your driving skills, the least reliable part will be you: your driving style has a massive impact 2 the fuel needed, with acceleration, gear-changing and braking all playing a significant role. Inching along at the pace of a child’s tricycle 3 feel economical but won’t magically yield peak economy. In most modern cars, 4 (accelerate) normally, changing up at 2,000 rpm in a diesel, or 2,500 rpm in a petrol-powered car. Once at a sensible steady speed, choose the highest gear 5 will let the engine run without laboring. A number of eco-driving apps are available for smartphones to help you improve your smoothness. The A Glass of Water iPhone app offers tips to help you avoid spilling a drop. The free RAC Traffic app is also a great way to avoid wasting fuel in traffic jams. It’s also important to: Leave junk at home. Carry extra weight in the boot wastes excess fuel. Leave in good time and don’t speed. 6 extra 10 mph on the motorway will add 10% to your fuel bill. Power Plays It may be decades 7 alternative fuels such as hydrogen become commonplace, but hybrid (混合动力) cars that use battery power to boost a petrol or diesel engine are already available in every category. It means many families might find an electric vehicle ideal 8 a second car. Sell your wheels, still travel by car 9 you need a car for short periods, such as shopping, and live in a city, consider a short-term car-hire service such as Zipcar 10 owning a car. 【答案】1. Whatever 2. on 3. may 4. accelerate 5. that 6. An 7. before 8. as 9. If 10. instead of 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过改变驾驶习惯、利用科技和选择合适的车辆来环保驾驶，以及替代出行方式。 (1)题解析： 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你开什么样的车，有一件事是肯定的。此处表示“无论什么”，应用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whatever。 (2)题解析： 考查介词。句意：虽然你可能对自己的驾驶技术很有信心，但最不可靠的部分将是你自己：你的驾驶风格对所需燃料有巨大影响，加速、换挡和刹车都起着重要作用。表示“对……有巨大影响”，应用固定搭配have a massive impact on。故填on。 (3)题解析： 考查情态动词。句意：以儿童三轮车的速度缓慢行驶可能会感觉经济，但不会神奇地产生最佳的经济性。此处表示“可能会”，表示“轻微的可能性”，应用情态动词might，后接动词原形feel。故填might。 (4)题解析： 考查祈使句。句意：在大多数现代汽车中，正常加速即可，柴油车转速达到2000 转/分时换挡，汽油车达到2500转/分时换挡。此处为祈使句，需用动词accelerate“加速”的原形开头，故填accelerate。 (5)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：一旦达到合理的稳定速度，选择最高档位，让发动机在不费力的情况下运行。此处引导定语从句，先行词为gear，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词被形容词最高级highest修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 (6)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：在高速公路上每小时多开10英里，燃油费用就会增加 10%。根据句意可知，表示泛指“一个额外的每小时10英里”，且extra发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填An。 (7)题解析： 考查固定句型。句意：氢气等替代燃料可能需要几十年才能普及，但使用电池动力来增强汽油或柴油发动机的混合动力汽车已经在各个类别中都有销售。“It may be+一段时间+ before...”为固定句型，意为“可能要过多久才……”，故填before。 (8)题解析： 考查介词。句意：这意味着许多家庭可能会发现电动汽车作为第二辆车是理想的。此处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 (9)题解析： 考查状语从句。句意：如果你需要短时间用车，比如购物，而且住在城市里，可以考虑使用Zipcar等短期租车服务，而不是自己买车。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填If。 (10)题解析： 考查固定短语。句意：如果你需要短时间用车，比如购物，而且住在城市里，可以考虑使用Zipcar等短期租车服务，而不是自己买车。此处表示“而不是”，应用固定短语instead of。故填instead of。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·上海同济第一附中·期中） Pumee Boontom lives in northern Thailand, but he tunes his television to the Chinese weather forecast. A big storm in southern China 1 (mean) a big release of water from the Chinese dams upstream(上游) — and, in turn, a good chance that his village will be flooded. The Chinese government is supposed 2 (warn) downstream countries, 3 in Boontom’s experience, that warning tends to arrive too late or not at all. Boontom is the leader of Ban Pak Ing, a village on the west bank of the Mekong (湄公河). Twenty years ago, like many of his neighbors, Boontom caught fish for a living. But as China completed one, then two, and then seven dams upstream, the few hundred residents of Ban Pak Ing saw the Mekong change. The sudden rise and fall in water levels interfere with fish migration and spawning (洄游和产卵). 4 the village has protected local spawning grounds, there are no longer enough fish to go around. In recent years Boontom and many others here 5 (sell) their fishing boats and switched to farming corn, tobacco, and beans. It’s a risky living, and not the one they know best — and this life is 6 (challenge) because of the frequent flooding. Ban Pak Ing may be a vision of the future for many Mekong villages. Five more dams are 7 construction in China. Downstream, in Laos and Cambodia (老挝和柬埔寨), 11 major dams are either proposed or already being built. By disturbing fish migration and spawning, the new dams 8 (expect) to threaten the food supply of an estimated 60 million people, most of 9 live in villages much like Ban Pak Ing. The electric power 10 (generate) by the lower Mekong dams is mainly for booming urban centers in Thailand and Vietnam. 【答案】1. means 2. to warn 3. but 4. Although##Though##While 5. have sold 6. challenging 7. under 8. are expected 9. whom 10. generated 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了湄公河流域大坝建设对下游地区的影响。 (1)题解析： 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国南部的一场大暴雨意味着上游中国大坝将大量放水——反过来，他的村庄很可能会被洪水淹没。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语A big storm 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填means。 (2)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。固定搭配be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”，此处用动词不定式作主语补足语，故填to warn。 (3)题解析： 考查连词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom 的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。前半句“应该警告”与后半句“警告太晚或没有”之间是转折关系，故填but。 (4)题解析： 考查连词。句意：尽管该村保护了当地的产卵场，但鱼的数量已经不足以分配了。前半句“保护产卵场”与后半句“鱼不够”之间是让步关系，Although/Though/While（三者均可表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句）。首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 (5)题解析： 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，Boontom和这里的许多人卖掉了他们的渔船，转而种植玉米、烟草和豆类。根据时间状 In recent years 可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；主语Boontom and many others 是复数，谓语动词用have + 过去分词，sell 的过去分词是 sold，故填have sold。 (6)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：这是一种危险的生活，而且不是他们最熟悉的——由于频繁的洪水，这种生活充满了挑战。此处作系动词 is 的表语，需用形容词形式；challenge的形容词为 challenging（意为“具有挑战性的”），修饰事物，符合语境，故填challenging。 (7)题解析： 考查介词。句意：中国还有五座大坝正在建设中。固定搭配 under construction 意为“在建设中”，故填 under。 (8)题解析： 考查动词时态和语态。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语 the new dams与expect 之间是被动关系（大坝被预计），需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，故填are expected。 (9)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是 60 million people，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用whom。故填whom。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：湄公河下游大坝产生的电力主要供应给泰国和越南蓬勃发展的城市中心。此处修饰名词The electric power，generate与power 之间是被动关系（电力被产生），用过去分词作定语，故填generated。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·江苏天一中学·期中） Lost in the city’s concrete jungle, urban residents 1 (eager) look forward to connecting with nature on weekends. One natural forest frequented by people in Sichuan province is Shunan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. 2 (span)120 square kilometers, this bamboo forest is the largest primeval(原始的)bamboo park in China, maintaining a mild winter climate 3 rarely drops below 0℃. During the winter season, when many parts of the country are covered in snow and ice, this green scenery stands out 4 a cozy escape. Known as one of the country’s ten 5 (beautiful) forests, this site has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon 6 (shoot) there in 2001. In 2003, the bamboo forest achieved global 7 (recognize) by earning an ecotourism rating and being listed as a world-class bamboo reserve, becoming the fourth tourism destination in China 8 (receive) Green Globe 21 certification. The bamboo forest covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties in Yibin. Amazed at its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, 9 poet from the Song Dynasty (960-1279), described it as “bamboo waves”. Given Huang’s literary influence, this poetic depiction gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname — the Bamboo Sea. Today it offers not just an escape, but a chance to reconnect with nature 10 heritage alike. 【答案】1. eagerly 2. Spanning 3. that## which 4. as 5. most beautiful 6. were shot 7. recognition 8. to receive 9. a 10. and 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四川省宜宾市的蜀南竹海，由于城市居民渴望在周末亲近自然，蜀南竹海成为热门之地。 (1)题解析： 考查副词。句意：迷失在城市的水泥丛林中，城市居民热切地期待着在周末与大自然接触。此处修饰动词短语look forward to，应用副词形式，eager的副词为eagerly，意为“热切地”。故填eagerly。 (2)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：这片位于宜宾的蜀南竹海是四川省人们常去的一处天然森林。这片竹林占地面积120平方公里，是中国最大的原始竹公园，冬季气候温和，很少降至0℃以下。句子已有谓语动词is，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，this bamboo forest与span（占地）之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，句首首字母大写。故填Spanning。 (3)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：这片位于宜宾的蜀南竹海是四川省人们常去的一处天然森林。这片竹林占地面积120平方公里，是中国最大的原始竹公园，冬季气候温和，很少降至0℃以下。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为a mild winter climate，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 (4)题解析： 考查介词。句意：在冬季，当国内许多地方都被冰雪覆盖时，这片绿色的风景作为一个舒适的逃离之地脱颖而出。此处表示“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 (5)题解析： 考查形容词最高级。句意：作为中国十大最美森林之一，自2001年奥斯卡获奖影片《卧虎藏龙》在此取景后，这个地方就成了一个受欢迎的旅游景点。“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，意为“最……之一”，beautiful的最高级为most beautiful。故填most beautiful。 (6)题解析： 考查动词时态和语态。句意：作为中国十大最美森林之一，自2001年奥斯卡获奖影片《卧虎藏龙》在此取景后，这个地方就成了一个受欢迎的旅游景点。根据时间状语in 2001可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且scenes与shoot之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语scenes是复数，所以用were shot。故填were shot。 (7)题解析： 考查名词。句意：2003年，这片竹林获得了全球认可，获得了生态旅游评级，并被列为世界级竹子保护区，成为中国第四个获得绿色环球21认证的旅游目的地。空前有形容词global修饰，此处应用名词形式，recognize的名词为recognition，意为“认可”，是不可数名词。故填recognition。 (8)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，这片竹林获得了全球认可，获得了生态旅游评级，并被列为世界级竹子保护区，成为中国第四个获得绿色环球21认证的旅游目的地。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后常用动词不定式作后置定语，所以此处用to receive。故填to receive。 (9)题解析： 考查冠词。句意：宋代（960 - 1279年）诗人黄庭坚对这片广阔的竹林惊叹不已，将其描述为“竹浪”。此处表示泛指“一位诗人”，poet是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 (10)题解析： 考查连词。句意：如今，它不仅提供了一个逃离城市的地方，还提供了一个重新与自然和遗产建立联系的机会。nature和heritage之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 文章主要讨论了无人驾驶出租车的发展现状、面临的监管挑战以及对其安全性和就业影响的评估。 【25-26高二上·上海黄浦区大同中学·期中】 The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. 1 private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. 2 (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places 3 regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and 4 they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, 5 of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology 6 (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis 7 (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle 8 (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, 9 fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing 10 be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. 【答案】1. Unlike 2. Having 3. where 4. that 5. neither 6. should be tested##be tested 7. are involved 8. to match 9. when 10. can 【解析】 (1)题解析： 考查介词。句意：与私家车不同，无人驾驶出租车几乎可以连续使用；它们越受欢迎，就越能释放空间，让城市生活更加舒适。根据“robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space”可知，无人驾驶出租车与私家车在空间占用和使用方式上形成对比，无人驾驶出租车与私家车不同，应用介词unlike，意为“与……不同”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unlike。 (2)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们发生的事故比人类司机少，几乎肯定能拯救生命。“(have) fewer accidents than human drivers”作原因状语，have(有)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Having。 (3)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：然而，在许多监管成为自动驾驶出租车障碍的地方，城市居民没什么可庆祝的。“__3__ regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词many places，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 (4)题解析： 考查宾语从句。句意：一些政策制定者担心机器人出租车会撞上行人或迎面而来的车辆，还担心它们会取代人类工人，必须保护人类工人。“__4__ they will displace human workers, who must be protected”是并列宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连词that引导该从句，且不能省略。故填that。 (5)题解析： 考查代词。句意：然而，这些理由都站不住脚。根据后文“Consider safety first.”和“What about the job-killing effects?”可知，作者将分别驳斥上文提到的“安全问题”和“就业问题”这两个理由，即“没有哪一个理由是站得住脚的”，应用否定词neither(两者都不)。故填neither。 (6)题解析： 考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：监管机构要求对新技术进行测试是正确的。require意为“要求”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”，test(测试)是从句谓语动词，与主语new technology之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be tested。故填(should) be tested。 (7)题解析： 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：Waymo和瑞士再保险公司的一项研究发现，Waymo无人驾驶出租车每英里的财产损失索赔比人类少88%，人身伤害索赔少92%。find后的宾语从句描述研究发现的事实，应用一般现在时态，谓语动词involve(牵涉，涉及)与主语Waymo robotaxis之间是被动关系(车辆被牵涉进事故中)，故谓语用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are involved。故填are involved。 (8)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：其他公司可能很难达到这些数字，而且这些车辆迄今为止只在“容易”的城市中行驶。struggle to do sth.是固定短语，意为“努力做某事，挣扎着做某事”。故填to match。 (9)题解析： 考查定语从句。句意：人类司机在需求高峰时最有用，此时票价最高。“__9__ fares are highest”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peak demand，关系词将其代入定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 (10)题解析： 考查情态动词。句意：每辆Waymo汽车，包括所有传感器和最新软件，据说成本约为15万美元；绘图和测试可能很昂贵。根据上文“Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000”描述当前高成本的事实，由此推知，绘图和测试“可能”也很昂贵，应用情态动词can表示“可能”。故填can。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 语篇语法填空题 话题1 学校生活 话题2 中国文化（常考点） 话题3 人与社会（常考点） 话题4 运动与健康 话题5 科技与生活（难点） 话题6 环境保护（难点） ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 学校生活（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海崇明中学·期中） For most of my life, I struggled with self-acceptance. I constantly compared myself to others and 1 (feel) as if I wasn’t good enough. I thought that if I could just achieve more, look better, or be perfect, I would finally be happy. But the truth is that no amount of external success 2 fill the empty inside if you don’t love yourself. Self-love isn’t about being perfect or never making mistakes. It’s about accepting who you are, flaws and all. It’s about treating yourself with kindness and compassion, even when things don’t go as 3 (plan). One of the most important steps in learning to love yourself is 4 (stop) comparing yourself to others. Everyone is on their own unique journey, and 5 works for someone else might not work for you. Instead of focusing on what you lack, 6 (try) to appreciate what makes you special. Another key to self-acceptance is letting go of the need for approval from others. By basing your self-worth on what others think, you give away your power, with true happiness 7 (come) from within, not from the opinions of others. Finally, remember that self-love is a journey, not a destination. There will be days 8 you feel confident and strong, and other days you doubt yourself. That’s okay. What matters is that you keep moving forward and treat 9 with the same love and respect you would offer a close friend. Learning to love yourself is one of the most important things you can do. It changes the way you see the world and the way you interact with others. 10 you truly accept yourself, you open the door to a happier, more fulfilling life. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖北黄冈部分高中·期中） The wartime stories of alumni (校友) at Chengdu Shishi High School, such as Ling Zezhi, Xiao Xiaoze and Zhang Xueyun, 1 (come) to life before my eyes. I felt a strong 2 (connect) to our school’s heroic past. Among them, Ling’s story is especially moving. As a university student, he joined in 3 December 9th Movement in 1935, calling on people to stand up against the Japanese invasion. Later, he changed his student clothes for a soldier’s uniform, fighting 4 (brave) in the Hundred-Regiment Campaign. At just 29, his life 5 (cut) short while protecting others. He wasn’t alone. Alumni like Xiao and Zhang walked these same halls. They traded books for bullets, 6 (exchange) dreams for duty and finally laying down their 7 (life) for our land and people. Standing on the playground 8 alumni Ling once gave speeches, I can almost hear him calling for his classmates to stand together and fight 9 freedom and liberation (解放) through education. His stories encourage me, giving me the strength to move forward. I will carry on this patriotism and work 10 (build) the strong nation they dreamed of. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆实验外国语学校·期中） An event marking this year’s Chinese Language Day was held on Thursday in London, 1 (bring) together around 100 students representing six British schools to celebrate the Chinese language and culture. Under the theme “Chinese Language: A Gift Across Time and Space,” the event featured eight hands-on workshops, at 2 high levels of participation enabled students to explore various aspects of Chinese culture, including characters, calligraphy, poetry, martial arts, and opera facial masks. The activities also integrated traditional with modern elements, ranging from the intricate (精巧的) art of ancient woodblock printing 3 immersive virtual reality experiences that recreated historical scenes. “Chinese is a challenging language to learn but also 4 (incredible) fun and exciting,” said Noah Eskinazi-Nehme, a student from City of London School, adding that he hopes to visit China one day to further improve his language skills while he 5 (explore) the country’s diverse landscapes and seeing the pandas. His 6 (inspire) and motivation in his studies come from the hope that his future career will keep him 7 (connect) to China throughout his life. Patrick Adamson, deputy headteacher of Calday Grange Grammar School, said that learning Chinese has enabled students to “engage with China not as a concept, but as 8 living and vibrant culture.” “Language serves as a means for exchanging ideas and a bridge for mutual understanding,” said Zhao Fei, minister of the Chinese Embassy in the UK. He described mastering Chinese as “holding a magic key 9 (bridge) the past and present,” explaining that it allows students to “traverse (穿越) time, explore China’s 5,000 years of civilization, understand its current progress, 10 get a view of its future.” 话题2 中国文化（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·湖北随州高中教联体·期中） Shark’s Fin and Sichuan Pepper (《鱼翅与花椒》) is a book on Chinese cuisine by British writer Fuchsia Dunlop, 1 has spent about 15 years exploring China and its diverse food culture. The book 2 (consist) of 16 chapters, each featuring a practical recipe. Dunlop explores Chinese food from the remote Gansu countryside 3 the historic city of Yangzhou. Rather than 4 (mere) presenting the food, she immerses herself in tasting it and, more importantly, investigating it. From amazement to 5 (accept), Dunlop embarks on this food journey by learning to cook and trying different Chinese foods including sea cucumber and scorpion (蝎子), despite her usual dietary preferences. This 6 (remark) book provides an exciting journey changing from simple descriptions of Sichuan pepper to serious discussions on topics like animal cruelty related to expensive food such as shark’s fin. Readers are also encouraged 7 (appreciate) other aspects of life beyond food from the perspective of 8 outsider. Dunlop’s passion for Chinese cuisine is clear throughout her writing. She shows how westerners can set aside biases (偏见) and accept Chinese culture. This duality (双重性) 9 (reflect) in the book’s title: Sichuan pepper stands for everyday energy, while shark’s fin represents high-end luxury. This mix of daily life and a taste for luxury enriches Chinese cuisine, 10 (leave) a lasting impression on readers. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆九校联盟·期中） “I never imagined that my work would appear on a fashion runway in Paris,” said Aniu Axia, 1 representative protector of Yi embroidery (刺绣). At a fashion show 2 (hold) at the Louvre Museum in France in December 2024, her Yi embroidery designs immediately won over the audience. This moment of international 3 (recognize) proved that ethnic culture could shine globally. 4 (grow) up in Zhaojue County, Sichuan Province, Aniu learned embroidery from her mother. In college, her Yi-style clothes attracted admiration, inspiring her to share her 5 (culture) heritage. After graduation, she refused a teaching job and opened a studio to develop Yi embroidery products. Since the market wasn’t ready, she 6 (force) to close her studio. To preserve the art, she began to visit older craft workers and record traditional patterns. In 2010, she launched a program to teach young embroiderers. 7 (eventual), Aniu Axia’s hard work paid off. By mixing traditional Yi elements 8 global fashion trends, she created a series of designs that are both culturally rich and modern. In 2018, she presented her collection at the China Fashion Week and later in Paris, 9 showed the creative ability of ethnic fashion. To reach a broader market, she 10 (expand) into other product categories in recent years, continuing to demonstrate how tradition and creativity can beautifully exist together. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖北襄阳第四中学·期中） The 1,300-year-old Thangka art, a painting skillfully crafted on woven (编织的) material, is an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan culture and stands 1 an important part of China’s intangible cultural heritage for its artistic value. “Traditionally, the subjects 2 (express) in Thangka masterpieces include local culture and Tibetan medicine,” said Goinqogyai, a fifth-generation Thangka artist from Lhatse County. With over three decades of experience, he can find inspiration in all art 3 (form) for creating Thangka artwork. In 2016, he went to Tsinghua University for further theoretical study on traditional Chinese painting. Soon after Goinqogyai 4 (determined) attempted to apply the realistic techniques of traditional landscape and bird paintings to Thangka art, he was thrilled at 5 enabled him to develop a fresh approach to presenting snow-covered mountains, lakes and forests. 6 (observe) nature up close, he often takes trips to the wild to photograph mountains, lakes and forests, 7 he reproduces later with ink and brushes. Equally important is to train emerging talents for the promotion and continuity of Thangka painting. In recent years, numerous Thangka schools, studios and university programs 8 (establish) to attract young people to this tradition. With the joint efforts, Xizang is fostering innovative development in Thangka painting, 9 (breathe) new life into this ancient art form, which is a living testament to China’s 10 (commit) to cultural diversity. 话题3 人与社会（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆长寿中学校·期中） Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away at the age of 103, according to Chinese media. He was known as one of the most 1 (influence) scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their discovery helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. Born in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, 3 his father taught mathematics, he developed a deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize”. 4 (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. 5 (earn) his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang went on 6 (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship 7 studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang made 8 (contribute) to many fields of physics, focusing especially 9 statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, 10 honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear recognition of his lifelong devotion to science. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·上海闵行中学·期中） Buy, buy in Bangkok The city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily. Even if you are just in town for a few days, 1 (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those 2 like to keep the swings open. It is in Central Bangkok 3 you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，which has a “one-stop shopping” philosophy 4 (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice 5 clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. For Muslim customers there’s a prayer room 6 (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkok’s VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists 7 claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent 8 they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airport. Just a few minutes’ walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkok’s popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters —that’s 77 soccer fields — of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 15-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and 9 (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors 10 (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment environments. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·江苏南京航空航天大学苏州附属中学·期中） Chen Ning Yang is widely considered an outstanding physicist. He made enormous contributions that reshaped modem science 1 advanced China’s academic development. Born in 1922 in Hefei, he 2 (demonstrate) exceptional talent in math and physics at university, despite challenging wartime conditions After his master’s at Tsinghua, he pursued doctoral studies in Chicago 3 the guidance of Nobel winner Enrico Fermi. In 1957, working 4 (joint) with Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed the non-conservation of parity in weak interactions — 5 revolutionary theory that shattered (完全颠覆) long-held 6 (belief) in physics, earning them the Nobel Prize. The Yang-Mills theory, established with Robert Mills, later formed the structural 7 (base) for the Standard Model of particle physics and remains highly influential in guiding research worldwide. In his later years, Yang returned to China, 8 (commit) himself to advancing scientific education at Tsinghua University. Beyond teaching, he fostered international cooperation, 9 enhanced China’s global scientific position. His persistent efforts helped establish advanced research systems and inspired numerous students to pursue innovative work. Yang’s life perfectly combined world-class scholarship with deep patriotism. As his wife Weng Fan wrote, his life “was a satisfactory answer sheet 10 (hand) in for humanity’s progress.” He became a symbol of China’s rejuvenation (复兴) — a role model showing how knowledge and dedication can serve both humanity and the motherland. 话题4 运动与健康（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海吴淞中学·期中） The secret to a longer life? Being conscientious（认真的） Executives who build successful companies, Olympic athletes, and even some US presidents are all likely to live longer than the average person — because they are more conscientious. The life-extending benefits of a conscientious life 1 (bring) to light by a comparison of 20 previous studies. The studies, rated 8,900 people for conscientiousness using a standard psychological survey, and also recorded 2 they died. Howard Friedman and Margaret Kern at the University of California at Riverside found that people who were less conscientious were 50 percent more likely to die at any given age, on average, than 3 of the same age who scored highly. This has a greater impact than socioeconomic status and intelligence, which are also known 4 (increase) longevity. The analysis by Friedman and Kern highlighted a significant correlation between conscientiousness and life span, 5 (suggest) that personality traits play a critical role in determining longevity. Friedman and Kern then divided the most conscientious study subjects into subgroups and found that high achievers were most likely to live the longest, says Kern. “These are individuals who are hard-working, resourceful, confident, and ambitious; the longest second line were orderly people, 6 structured and disciplined lifestyles contributed to their longevity. Finally, traits of responsibility and reliability were also significant. “These are people often 7 (see) as respectable members of the community. They contribute time and energy to society, cooperate with colleagues and neighbors, and are trustworthy people,” says Kern. Friedman suggests that conscientious people do not live longer simply 8 they are boring or cautious, but admits they tend to “live lives that are more stable and less stressful”. This stability might come 9 their ability to plan, organize, and maintain healthy routines, which are essential for long-term well-being. “One of the studies we included 10 (look) at American presidents,” says Kern. The first US president, George Washington, lived to be 67, double the life expectancy there at the time. “Washington was very conscientious, yet he certainly didn’t live a boring life.” Passage 2 （25-26高二上·湖北宜城一中、枣阳一中等鄂北六校·期中） Cold water swimming sometimes called wild swimming, which builds endurance, muscle strength and Cardiovascular fitness, involves swimming in natural areas including ponds, rivers and the sea. Many people are taking risks to have a try, 1 (base) on evidence that it can actually be good for us. For example, on a cold Sunday in February, a group of Harpswellians wearing swimsuits gathered at Tide Mill Cove on Harpswell Neck to do 2 unthinkable. The group, known 3 Harpswell Open Water Swimmers, had a relaxing swim in water just barely above freezing. Participants 4 (meet) regularly since last November 5 (enjoy)a recreation most people would consider a waking nightmare. “Everyone thinks we’re crazy,” said Adrienne Grant, who joined the group with her husband, because they heard cold water swimming promotes good health. The Harpswell swimming group was founded by Karen Nazor, a lifelong athlete who broke her leg in a 2017 skiing accident and was told she might never walk again. She was also diagnosed (诊断) with osteoporosis, a condition 6 the bones become weak and are easily broken. Despite all the difficulties, she recovered 7 (full) from the accident, switched to open water swimming 8 never looked back. Nazor began swimming competitively, and she formed the Harpswell group on a social media platform in October, 2024, to help normalize cold water swimming in Maine. More than 60 members have joined. 9 (commit) herself to the development of cold water swimming and caring deeply for her members, Nazor gains wide 10 (popular) among the group. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中） As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature, draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. By now, the race, along with its muddy routes, high walls, and various obstacles, 3 (gain) significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series landed in Changchun 4 next month, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances ranging from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some 5 (demand) obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, which is 6 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running competitions is far 7 accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 8 (break) free from concrete buildings and stay 9 (close) connected with nature.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just 10 (fit) , but a kind of dialogue with the wilderness.” 话题5 科技与生活（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·江苏马坝高中校级联考·期中） At the height of the pandemic, when going to the gym wasn’t an option, millions of people began exploring virtual workouts from home 1 the first time. And many of them now say they won’t go back. While this is 2 (clear) good news for the companies developing these systems, it has also helped people 3 don’t feel comfortable in a gym or don’t have time to get there. Linda Munson, 56, put on quite a few pounds during the lockdown in 2020. Munson has never been much of 4 gym person. “I am very socially awkward. I get anxious about 5 (go) out,” she says. One day in 2021, she was diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病). That was her wake-up call. Then she started walking and cut out unhealthy food. One day, her son 6 (bring) home a VR headset which has a popular fitness app 7 (call) Supernatural, and she hasn’t stopped playing with it ever since. It allows you 8 (box), swing your arms at targets, and stretch with a coach in front of you. Munson has lost nearly 50 pounds in a year, hasn’t had to take diabetes medicine, and can now play with her seven 9 (energy) grandchildren. While gyms will probably always have devoted 10 (member), some people seem to be happy to work out in their living rooms with a little help from technology. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·江苏扬州中学联培部·期中） This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission. Since then, China, the third nation in the world capable 1 independently conducting manned space missions has carried out 12 crewed flights. “Our manned space program has been developed rapidly. The scientists and engineers successfully completed each step we 2 (plan) for the program. ”Yang, now a senior official of the manned space program, told that he felt very glad to see the nation’s 3 (achieve) in space. In August 1992, a special committee 4 (comprise) of high-ranking leaders decided that China would assemble a space station in the coming decades. The plan was approved in September that year. 5 marked the start of the nation’s manned space program. To meet the 6 (ambition) goal, scientists made specific plans and took a systematic approach, 7 (advance) patiently from simple, multi-day flights to complicated and month-long missions. Initially, Chinese researchers came across the problem 8 it was difficult to design a new-generation crewed spacecraft. Thankfully, they completed the Tiangong space station last year, 9 laid the foundation for the nation’s first prospective manned expedition to the moon around 2030. Having orbited Earth about 400 kilometers, Tiangong 10 (expect) to operate for at least 10 years as a national space-based laboratory. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖北鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟·期中） The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded 1 Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi for their pioneering research on peripheral (外围的) immune tolerance, the Nobel Assembly (委员会) at Karolinska Institute said on Monday. The Nobel Prizes were established through 2 will of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite and a 3 (wealth) businessman. Sakaguchi, a Japanese scientist, first identified regulatory T cells in 1995, revealing how the immune system functions and why we do not all develop serious autoimmune diseases. At the time, many researchers 4 (convince) that immune tolerance only developed due to 5 (potential) harmful immune cells. Sakaguchi discovered a previously unknown class of immune cells, 6 protect the body from autoimmune diseases. Later Brunkow and Ramsdell identified a change in the Foxp3 gene linked to autoimmune disorders such as IPEX, 7 (strengthen) the molecular basis of immune regulation. The trio’s work expanded understanding beyond central tolerance in the thymus, highlighting mechanisms that stop the immune system from attacking the body. Over the past few years, their discoveries 8 (lay) the foundation for a new field of research and spurred the 9 (pursue) of regulatory T cell-centered therapeutics in areas like cancer, autoimmune disease and organ transplantation. There are currently more than 200 ongoing clinical trials 10 (base) on their research. 话题6 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·上海民办文绮中学·期中） Walking, cycling or hopping on to public transport are the best ways to travel with a clean conscience. Yet cars remain an important option for many families because of its convenience. For people in rural areas, or with mobility problems, a car can be an essential lifeline. Drive with style 1 kind of car you run, one thing is for sure. Though you may feel confident of your driving skills, the least reliable part will be you: your driving style has a massive impact 2 the fuel needed, with acceleration, gear-changing and braking all playing a significant role. Inching along at the pace of a child’s tricycle 3 feel economical but won’t magically yield peak economy. In most modern cars, 4 (accelerate) normally, changing up at 2,000 rpm in a diesel, or 2,500 rpm in a petrol-powered car. Once at a sensible steady speed, choose the highest gear 5 will let the engine run without laboring. A number of eco-driving apps are available for smartphones to help you improve your smoothness. The A Glass of Water iPhone app offers tips to help you avoid spilling a drop. The free RAC Traffic app is also a great way to avoid wasting fuel in traffic jams. It’s also important to: Leave junk at home. Carry extra weight in the boot wastes excess fuel. Leave in good time and don’t speed. 6 extra 10 mph on the motorway will add 10% to your fuel bill. Power Plays It may be decades 7 alternative fuels such as hydrogen become commonplace, but hybrid (混合动力) cars that use battery power to boost a petrol or diesel engine are already available in every category. It means many families might find an electric vehicle ideal 8 a second car. Sell your wheels, still travel by car 9 you need a car for short periods, such as shopping, and live in a city, consider a short-term car-hire service such as Zipcar 10 owning a car. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·上海同济第一附中·期中） Pumee Boontom lives in northern Thailand, but he tunes his television to the Chinese weather forecast. A big storm in southern China 1 (mean) a big release of water from the Chinese dams upstream(上游) — and, in turn, a good chance that his village will be flooded. The Chinese government is supposed 2 (warn) downstream countries, 3 in Boontom’s experience, that warning tends to arrive too late or not at all. Boontom is the leader of Ban Pak Ing, a village on the west bank of the Mekong (湄公河). Twenty years ago, like many of his neighbors, Boontom caught fish for a living. But as China completed one, then two, and then seven dams upstream, the few hundred residents of Ban Pak Ing saw the Mekong change. The sudden rise and fall in water levels interfere with fish migration and spawning (洄游和产卵). 4 the village has protected local spawning grounds, there are no longer enough fish to go around. In recent years Boontom and many others here 5 (sell) their fishing boats and switched to farming corn, tobacco, and beans. It’s a risky living, and not the one they know best — and this life is 6 (challenge) because of the frequent flooding. Ban Pak Ing may be a vision of the future for many Mekong villages. Five more dams are 7 construction in China. Downstream, in Laos and Cambodia (老挝和柬埔寨), 11 major dams are either proposed or already being built. By disturbing fish migration and spawning, the new dams 8 (expect) to threaten the food supply of an estimated 60 million people, most of 9 live in villages much like Ban Pak Ing. The electric power 10 (generate) by the lower Mekong dams is mainly for booming urban centers in Thailand and Vietnam. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·江苏天一中学·期中） Lost in the city’s concrete jungle, urban residents 1 (eager) look forward to connecting with nature on weekends. One natural forest frequented by people in Sichuan province is Shunan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. 2 (span)120 square kilometers, this bamboo forest is the largest primeval(原始的)bamboo park in China, maintaining a mild winter climate 3 rarely drops below 0℃. During the winter season, when many parts of the country are covered in snow and ice, this green scenery stands out 4 a cozy escape. Known as one of the country’s ten 5 (beautiful) forests, this site has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon 6 (shoot) there in 2001. In 2003, the bamboo forest achieved global 7 (recognize) by earning an ecotourism rating and being listed as a world-class bamboo reserve, becoming the fourth tourism destination in China 8 (receive) Green Globe 21 certification. The bamboo forest covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties in Yibin. Amazed at its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, 9 poet from the Song Dynasty (960-1279), described it as “bamboo waves”. Given Huang’s literary influence, this poetic depiction gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname — the Bamboo Sea. Today it offers not just an escape, but a chance to reconnect with nature 10 heritage alike. 文章主要讨论了无人驾驶出租车的发展现状、面临的监管挑战以及对其安全性和就业影响的评估。 【25-26高二上·上海黄浦区大同中学·期中】 The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. 1 private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. 2 (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places 3 regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and 4 they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, 5 of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology 6 (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis 7 (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle 8 (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, 9 fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing 10 be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $