专题03 名词性从句（期中复习讲义）高二英语上学期沪教版

专题03 名词性从句 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 主语从句 / 考点二 宾语从句 / 考点三 表语从句 / 考点四 同位语从句 / 考点五 高频引导词辨析 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 名词性从句包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大类，是高中期中必考语法。期中命题分布：语法填空引导词辨析、完形填空逻辑理解、阅读理解长难句拆解、书面表达高级句式写作。 • 基础考法：识别四类名词性从句；that/what/whether等引导词选用；从句语序、时态呼应。 • 重难点：what与that辨析；whether与if区别；同位语从句vs定语从句；it作形式主语、形式宾语。 • 易错丢分点：从句误用疑问语序；引导词混淆；形式主语it漏用；同位语从句识别。 识记 记住名词性从句4大类型；熟记各类引导词(连接代词、连接副词、that/whether)；牢记名词性从句陈述语序规则。 理解 分清主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句的功能；辨析what/that；区分同位语从句与定语从句；理解it作形式主语、形式宾语用法。 应用 语法填空精准填引导词；拆分长难句识别从句类型；写作能够正确输出名词性从句提升句式档次。 名词性从句 概念 在句子中起名词功能的从句，相当于一个名词，可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语。 分类 1.主语从句：从句作句子主语 2.宾语从句：从句作动词/介词的宾语 3.表语从句：从句放在系动词后作表语 4.同位语从句：从句解释前面抽象名词的具体内容 引导词 ①that：无词义，不作成分，宾语从句中可省略；其余从句不可省略 ②whether / if：是否；不作句子成分 ③连接代词 what(什么)、who(谁)、whom、whose、which；在从句充当主/宾/定 ④连接副词 when(何时)、where(何地)、why(为何)、how(如何)；在从句作状语 考点一 主语从句 从句在句中充当主语。 1.直接作主语： What he did surprised everybody. 他做的事使所有人吃惊。 2.it作形式主语，真正主语后置（高频考点） 句型：It is +adj./n./过去分词 + that从句 It is obvious that he is right.（it形式主语；that从句真正主语） ⚠️避坑指南 that引导主语从句不能省略；what在从句要充当成分。 考点二 宾语从句 从句放在及物动词、介词后，充当宾语。 1.动词后宾语从句：I think (that) he will win.（that可省略） 2.介词后的宾语从句：I am interested in what you said. 3.形式宾语 it：主语 + think/find/believe + it + adj + that从句 I find it strange that he left without saying goodbye.（it形式宾语，that从句真正宾语） 4.时态呼应：主句过去时，从句通常用对应过去时态；客观真理永用一般现在时。 He said that the earth goes around the sun.（客观真理一般现在） 考点三 表语从句 放在系动词（be/look/seem/become等）后面作表语。 My doubt is whether he will accept our advice.我的疑问是他是否会接受我们的建议。 The problem is where we can get enough money.问题是我们在哪能弄到足够的钱。 注意：表语从句if不能替换whether。 考点四 同位语从句 解释说明前面抽象名词的具体内容（fact, news, idea, promise, doubt, suggestion, belief）。 The news that our team won spread quickly. that从句解释news的内容；that不作从句成分，不可省略。 ⚠️概念辨析 📌易混辨析：同位语从句 VS 定语从句 项目 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 解释名词内容 修饰限定名词 that作用 不作从句任何成分，不能省略 充当主语/宾语；作宾语可以省略 判断 名词 = 从句内容 从句用来描绘名词“什么样的” ⚠️避坑指南 ①The news that he told me is true.（定语从句，that作told宾语，可省略） ②The news that our team won is true.（同位语从句，that不作成分，解释news内容） 考点五 高频引导词辨析 1. that vs what • that：无词义，不充当从句成分； • what：“……的事/东西”，在从句必须充当主语、宾语。 ✅What he said is true.（what作said宾语） ✅That he will come is certain.（that不做成分） 2. whether vs if 是否 ✅两者宾语从句多数情况互换； 只能用whether场景：①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；②介词后；③后面接to‑do。 例：The question is whether to go or stay.（不能用if） 记忆口诀 名从功能像名词，主宾表同四类型； 从句要用陈述序，what要把成分顶； that无义不作份，宾从之中可省清； whether用法要记牢，表主介后不用if； 同位定从细分辨，that成分见分明。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1. ________ he will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 2. ________ makes me happy is that all my classmates passed the exam. 3. The fact ________ light travels faster than sound is known to all. 4. I don’t know ________ he will come back home or not. 5. My suggestion is ________ we should set off early tomorrow morning. 6. Please tell me ________ you solved this difficult problem. 7. It is obvious ________ practice makes perfect. 8. I am interested in ________ you have discussed at the class meeting. 9. The news ________ our school will hold a sports meeting excites us. 10. I find ________ necessary that we should learn English grammar well. 二、判断从句类型（填写：主语从句/宾语从句/表语从句/同位语从句） 1. What you are doing is very important. ____________ 2. I believe that you can make greater progress. ____________ 3. My question is who will take charge of this project. ____________ 4. We heard the news that our monitor won the competition. ____________ 5. It surprises me that he gave up such a good chance. ____________ 6. Nobody knows where the old man lives. ____________ 7. The problem remains whether we can get enough support. ____________ 8. There is no doubt that hard work leads to success. ____________ 9. What he talked about at the meeting attracted our attention. ____________ 10. I think it right that we should help people in need. ____________ 三、单项选择 1. ______ is known to us all is that China is a great country. A. It B. What C. That D. Which 2. The fact ______ he didn’t finish his homework made his teacher angry. A. what B. which C. that D. how 3. I wonder ______ he will join us or not. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 4. My doubt is ______ we can finish the task in such short time. A. that B. what C. whether D. how 5. ______ he said at the meeting surprised everyone present. A. What B. That C. Which D. How 6. I find ______ strange that he didn’t reply to my email. A. this B. that C. it D. one 7. The news ______ you told me yesterday is totally false.（定语从句） A. what B. that C. how D. whether 8. It is clear ______ he has made a big mistake. A. what B. whether C. that D. how 9. Could you tell me ______ you dealt with these broken books? A. what B. how C. that D. which 10. There is some doubt ______ he can pass the mid‑term examination. A. whether B. that C. what D. if 【参考答案】 一、单句语法填空 1.Whether 2.What 3.that 4.whether 5.that 6.how 7.that 8.what 9.that 10.it 二、判断从句类型 1.主语从句 2.宾语从句 3.表语从句 4.同位语从句 5.主语从句 6.宾语从句 7.表语从句 8.同位语从句 9.主语从句 10.宾语从句 三、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空 Nowadays, many teenagers wonder 1.________ they should spend more time on their schoolwork. 2.________ surprises most parents is 3.________ some students refuse to take after‑school classes. The idea 4.________ extra classes can improve grades is not always true. I think 5.________ we need is self‑discipline instead of endless homework. It is obvious 6.________ balance plays an important role in our growth. I find 7.________ necessary that every student should have some time for hobbies. My question is 8.________ schools will pay more attention to students’ mental health. Nobody can tell 9.________ the education will be like in ten years. There is no doubt 10.________ hard work is still the key to success. 二、句子改错 1. That he did is worth praising. 2. I don’t know if will he attend the lecture. 3. My suggestion is that whether we should help him out. 4. The news what our team won excited all of us. 5. It is surprised that he failed the mid‑term exam. 6. I find that strange that he left without a word. 7. The problem is if we have enough time for preparation. 8. There is some doubt that he can finish the task on time. 9. He told me that where he had visited the year before. 10. What he told me the fact is true. 三、句式改写&翻译 1. He will come back. That is certain.（用主语从句改写） 2. Where should we go? No one knows it.（宾语从句改写） 3. Our team has won the game. We heard the news.（同位语从句改写） 4. My question. When shall we hold the meeting?（表语从句改写） 5. We need more practice. I think it important.（it形式宾语改写） 6. 让我惊讶的是他放弃了这次机会。（主语从句 what） 7. 毫无疑问坚持能够带来进步。（同位语从句doubt） 8. 我的疑问是我们怎样才能解决这个难题。（表语从句） 9. 我对他刚刚所说的内容很感兴趣。（介词后的宾语从句） 10.众所周知，阅读拓宽我们的眼界。（it形式主语） 【答案与解析】 一、短文语法填空 1.whether 2.What 3.that 4.that 5.what 6.that 7.it 8.whether 9.what 10.that 二、句子改错 1.That→What；What he did is worth praising. 2.will he→he will；I don’t know if he will attend the lecture. 3.去掉whether；My suggestion is that we should help him out. 4.what→that；The news that our team won excited all of us. 5.surprised→surprising；It is surprising that he failed the mid‑term exam. 6.第一个that→it；I find it strange that he left without a word. 7.if→whether；The problem is whether we have enough time for preparation. 8.that→whether；There is some doubt whether he can finish the task on time. 9.去掉where；He told me that he had visited the year before. 10.去掉What；The fact he told me is true. 三、句式改写&翻译 1.That he will come back is certain. / It is certain that he will come back. 2.No one knows where we should go. 3.We heard the news that our team has won the game. 4.My question is when we shall hold the meeting. 5.I think it important that we need more practice. 6.What surprises me is that he gave up this chance. 7.There is no doubt that persistence can bring progress. 8.My question is how we can solve this difficult problem. 9.I am interested in what he has just said. 10.It is well‑known that reading broadens our horizons. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 名词性从句 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 主语从句 / 考点二 宾语从句 / 考点三 表语从句 / 考点四 同位语从句 / 考点五 高频引导词辨析 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 名词性从句包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大类，是高中期中必考语法。期中命题分布：语法填空引导词辨析、完形填空逻辑理解、阅读理解长难句拆解、书面表达高级句式写作。 • 基础考法：识别四类名词性从句；that/what/whether等引导词选用；从句语序、时态呼应。 • 重难点：what与that辨析；whether与if区别；同位语从句vs定语从句；it作形式主语、形式宾语。 • 易错丢分点：从句误用疑问语序；引导词混淆；形式主语it漏用；同位语从句识别。 识记 记住名词性从句4大类型；熟记各类引导词(连接代词、连接副词、that/whether)；牢记名词性从句陈述语序规则。 理解 分清主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句的功能；辨析what/that；区分同位语从句与定语从句；理解it作形式主语、形式宾语用法。 应用 语法填空精准填引导词；拆分长难句识别从句类型；写作能够正确输出名词性从句提升句式档次。 名词性从句 概念 在句子中起名词功能的从句，相当于一个名词，可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语。 分类 1.主语从句：从句作句子主语 2.宾语从句：从句作动词/介词的宾语 3.表语从句：从句放在系动词后作表语 4.同位语从句：从句解释前面抽象名词的具体内容 引导词 ①that：无词义，不作成分，宾语从句中可省略；其余从句不可省略 ②whether / if：是否；不作句子成分 ③连接代词 what(什么)、who(谁)、whom、whose、which；在从句充当主/宾/定 ④连接副词 when(何时)、where(何地)、why(为何)、how(如何)；在从句作状语 考点一 主语从句 从句在句中充当主语。 1.直接作主语： What he did surprised everybody. 他做的事使所有人吃惊。 2.it作形式主语，真正主语后置（高频考点） 句型：It is +adj./n./过去分词 + that从句 It is obvious that he is right.（it形式主语；that从句真正主语） ⚠️避坑指南 that引导主语从句不能省略；what在从句要充当成分。 考点二 宾语从句 从句放在及物动词、介词后，充当宾语。 1.动词后宾语从句：I think (that) he will win.（that可省略） 2.介词后的宾语从句：I am interested in what you said. 3.形式宾语 it：主语 + think/find/believe + it + adj + that从句 I find it strange that he left without saying goodbye.（it形式宾语，that从句真正宾语） 4.时态呼应：主句过去时，从句通常用对应过去时态；客观真理永用一般现在时。 He said that the earth goes around the sun.（客观真理一般现在） 考点三 表语从句 放在系动词（be/look/seem/become等）后面作表语。 My doubt is whether he will accept our advice.我的疑问是他是否会接受我们的建议。 The problem is where we can get enough money.问题是我们在哪能弄到足够的钱。 注意：表语从句if不能替换whether。 考点四 同位语从句 解释说明前面抽象名词的具体内容（fact, news, idea, promise, doubt, suggestion, belief）。 The news that our team won spread quickly. that从句解释news的内容；that不作从句成分，不可省略。 ⚠️概念辨析 📌易混辨析：同位语从句 VS 定语从句 项目 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 解释名词内容 修饰限定名词 that作用 不作从句任何成分，不能省略 充当主语/宾语；作宾语可以省略 判断 名词 = 从句内容 从句用来描绘名词“什么样的” ⚠️避坑指南 ①The news that he told me is true.（定语从句，that作told宾语，可省略） ②The news that our team won is true.（同位语从句，that不作成分，解释news内容） 考点五 高频引导词辨析 1. that vs what • that：无词义，不充当从句成分； • what：“……的事/东西”，在从句必须充当主语、宾语。 ✅What he said is true.（what作said宾语） ✅That he will come is certain.（that不做成分） 2. whether vs if 是否 ✅两者宾语从句多数情况互换； 只能用whether场景：①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；②介词后；③后面接to‑do。 例：The question is whether to go or stay.（不能用if） 记忆口诀 名从功能像名词，主宾表同四类型； 从句要用陈述序，what要把成分顶； that无义不作份，宾从之中可省清； whether用法要记牢，表主介后不用if； 同位定从细分辨，that成分见分明。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空 1. ________ he will attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. 2. ________ makes me happy is that all my classmates passed the exam. 3. The fact ________ light travels faster than sound is known to all. 4. I don’t know ________ he will come back home or not. 5. My suggestion is ________ we should set off early tomorrow morning. 6. Please tell me ________ you solved this difficult problem. 7. It is obvious ________ practice makes perfect. 8. I am interested in ________ you have discussed at the class meeting. 9. The news ________ our school will hold a sports meeting excites us. 10. I find ________ necessary that we should learn English grammar well. 二、判断从句类型（填写：主语从句/宾语从句/表语从句/同位语从句） 1. What you are doing is very important. ____________ 2. I believe that you can make greater progress. ____________ 3. My question is who will take charge of this project. ____________ 4. We heard the news that our monitor won the competition. ____________ 5. It surprises me that he gave up such a good chance. ____________ 6. Nobody knows where the old man lives. ____________ 7. The problem remains whether we can get enough support. ____________ 8. There is no doubt that hard work leads to success. ____________ 9. What he talked about at the meeting attracted our attention. ____________ 10. I think it right that we should help people in need. ____________ 三、单项选择 1. ______ is known to us all is that China is a great country. A. It B. What C. That D. Which 2. The fact ______ he didn’t finish his homework made his teacher angry. A. what B. which C. that D. how 3. I wonder ______ he will join us or not. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 4. My doubt is ______ we can finish the task in such short time. A. that B. what C. whether D. how 5. ______ he said at the meeting surprised everyone present. A. What B. That C. Which D. How 6. I find ______ strange that he didn’t reply to my email. A. this B. that C. it D. one 7. The news ______ you told me yesterday is totally false.（定语从句） A. what B. that C. how D. whether 8. It is clear ______ he has made a big mistake. A. what B. whether C. that D. how 9. Could you tell me ______ you dealt with these broken books? A. what B. how C. that D. which 10. There is some doubt ______ he can pass the mid‑term examination. A. whether B. that C. what D. if 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空 Nowadays, many teenagers wonder 1.________ they should spend more time on their schoolwork. 2.________ surprises most parents is 3.________ some students refuse to take after‑school classes. The idea 4.________ extra classes can improve grades is not always true. I think 5.________ we need is self‑discipline instead of endless homework. It is obvious 6.________ balance plays an important role in our growth. I find 7.________ necessary that every student should have some time for hobbies. My question is 8.________ schools will pay more attention to students’ mental health. Nobody can tell 9.________ the education will be like in ten years. There is no doubt 10.________ hard work is still the key to success. 二、句子改错 1. That he did is worth praising. 2. I don’t know if will he attend the lecture. 3. My suggestion is that whether we should help him out. 4. The news what our team won excited all of us. 5. It is surprised that he failed the mid‑term exam. 6. I find that strange that he left without a word. 7. The problem is if we have enough time for preparation. 8. There is some doubt that he can finish the task on time. 9. He told me that where he had visited the year before. 10. What he told me the fact is true. 三、句式改写&翻译 1. He will come back. That is certain.（用主语从句改写） 2. Where should we go? No one knows it.（宾语从句改写） 3. Our team has won the game. We heard the news.（同位语从句改写） 4. My question. When shall we hold the meeting?（表语从句改写） 5. We need more practice. I think it important.（it形式宾语改写） 6. 让我惊讶的是他放弃了这次机会。（主语从句 what） 7. 毫无疑问坚持能够带来进步。（同位语从句doubt） 8. 我的疑问是我们怎样才能解决这个难题。（表语从句） 9. 我对他刚刚所说的内容很感兴趣。（介词后的宾语从句） 10.众所周知，阅读拓宽我们的眼界。（it形式主语） 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $