Unit 4 Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures（知识清单）英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 核心语法：关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词用于引导定语从句，用来修饰前面的名词或代词（先行词），在从句内部充当一定句子成分。 (1)who 指代人，可在从句充当主语或者宾语；作宾语的情况下，who 可以省去。 The player who won the competition comes from our school. 赢得这场比赛的选手来自我们学校。（作主语） The volunteer (who) I met this morning helped me a lot. 我今早遇见的那位志愿者帮了我很多。（作宾语） (2)whom 指代人，只能在从句中作宾语，常常可以省略，不能充当主语。 The visitor (whom) you greeted just now is my uncle. 你刚才打招呼的那位访客是我的叔叔。（作宾语） The coach (whom) you are waiting for is coming soon. 你正在等候的教练马上就到。（作宾语） (3)whose 既可以指代人，也可以指代事物，后面必须接名词，和先行词构成所属关系，在从句里面作定语。 That is the scientist whose research influences many young learners. 那就是那位研究成果影响了许多青年学者的科学家。（作定语） Nobody wants the cabin whose wall has been damaged. 没有人想要这间墙体受损的小屋。（作定语） (4)which 只用来指代事物，不能指人，可以作主语或宾语；作宾语时能够省略。 Suzhou is a city which owns a long history of more than two thousand years. 苏州是一座拥有两千多年悠久历史的城市。（作主语） The girl felt so excited to get back the silver necklace (which) she lost on the subway. 这个女孩找回了丢在地铁上的银项链，内心十分激动。（作宾语） (5)that 既可以指代人，也可以指代事物，在从句中可充当主语、宾语；作宾语时可以省略。 There is a documentary (that) I want to watch this weekend. 有一部纪录片我打算这周末观看。（作宾语） She is the only member in our group that knows German. 她是我们小组里面唯一懂德语的人。（作主语） 只用that、不用which的几种情况 (1)先行词为 all, everything, nothing, much, any, little 这类不定代词，或是被 no, little, all 等词修饰时。 He tried his best to finish all that was assigned by his teacher. 他尽全力完成老师交代给他的所有任务。 No information that he shares with us is reliable. 他告诉我们的信息没有一条是可靠的。 (2)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词，以及 the very、the only 修饰时。 This is the most moving story that I have ever heard. 这是我听过最动人的故事。 The only thing that matters is the safety of the kids. 唯一要紧的事情就是孩子们的安全。 This is the very notebook that I have been searching for. 这正是我一直在寻找的笔记本。 (3)先行词当中同时包含表示人和事物的名词时。 They talked about the people and places that they visited during the trip. 他们聊起旅途中见到的人和去过的地方。 (4)主句是以 which 或者 who 开头的特殊疑问句。 Which is the museum that you visited last month? 哪一座就是你上个月参观的博物馆？ 温馨提示 ①关系代词在从句作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数，要跟随先行词的单复数变化。 He is the only one of the volunteers that has passed the safety test.（先行词为the only one） 他是志愿者当中唯一一个通过安全测试的人。 He is one of the volunteers who have passed the safety test.（先行词为the volunteers） 他是通过安全测试的志愿者之一。 ②关系代词的省略规则：限制性定语从句里，当关系代词作动词宾语或是介词宾语（介词不能提前放到关系代词前面），常常可以省略。 The girl (that/who/whom) we met yesterday is Anna. 我们昨天见到的那个女孩是安娜。 ③定语从句高频易错点： - 缺少先行词：Is this classroom that you visited last term?（句子缺少先行词，应在classroom后面加上the one） - 缺少关系词：Students take too much junk food may have health problems.（要在Students后添加who，作主语的关系代词不能省略） - 句子成分重复：This is the flat where I lived there three years ago.（where和there功能重复，删掉there） 一、单句语法填空 1．There are many people only online activity is sending and receiving e-mails. 2．The hours ________the children spend in their one­way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. 3．The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king, saying that the gold was for the person removed the huge rock from the road. 4．When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 5．The British government has issued a new visa policy _________ allows foreign students to stay six months more after their course ends. 6．Officials of our city are considering a law would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 7．Tu Youyou is the scientist discovery has led to the development of new drugs which have saved millions of lives. 8．The picture always reminds me of the moments we spent together in the high school. 9．Understanding her good intention, I ate up all the food was prepared by my mom with appreciation. 10．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations would bring about positive emotions. 11．If you want to learn the piano well, all you have to do is to practice every day with correct methods. 12．The famous writer and his works the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 13．There were many fans in the social media expressed their sadness over Jin Yong’s death. 14．A series of exchange activities we organised in digital technology have achieved great success. 15．Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. 16．He dragged a box contained heavy goods for a long distance and approached the station. He wanted to deliver it to his school. 17．Click on our social media site and it will enable you to find the friends you lose track of. 18．They assumed that the athlete they had met showed an unusual talent for playing soccer. 19．In order to enrich your vocabulary, you should learn some English idioms, are “rain cats and dogs”, “hold your horses”, “kill two birds with one stone” and so on. 20．An idiom is a group of words meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words. 21．When the news of Jin Yong’s passing away (去世) was reported, there were many fans in the social media expressed their sadness over his death. 22．In my opinion, with the advance of science, digital technology we used to be unfamiliar with is becoming more and more popular. 23．They are brave explorers will pass through canyons, basins, waterfalls, straits and narrow tunnels, regardless of lightning and thunder. 24．The professor was expert in wildlife published a significant article after observing a variety of wild animals. 25．A tank is a large military vehicle is equipped with weapons and moves along on metal tracks. 26．The linguist says that people speak with accents are difficult to communicate with. 27．Those people will succeed obtain the latest knowledge and information and are able to use them to solve practical problems. 28．Volunteers on behalf of the United Nations built shelters for survivors homes had been damaged in Ukraine. 29．Have you ever tried to change the way you do something, after you’ve done it in a certain way for so long? 30．This is a brochure explains how to escape and survive during an earthquake or varied aftershocks. 31．With technological developments, advertisers have originated commercial advertisements attract customers. 32．An award is a prize is given to someone for doing something well or making remarkable achievements. 33．Secondly, through conversations with friends are wise and well-meaning, a better understanding and judgement may be achieved. 34．But the best advice you might want to take away from this Takeaway English is to find a book on cooking and try making your own nutritious meal. 35．The “laugh out loud” face is officially the world’s most popular emoji, according to researchers from Adobe (ADBE) surveyed 7,000 users across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia and South Korea. 36．Put simply, potential is your natural ability can be developed when you try hard enough. 37．The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. 38．The weather in Chongqing was so unbearable, 　　　　　　 many visitors complained about a lot.   39．Since laughter is much healthier than anger, a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation has made you angry. 40．Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 二、完成句子 41．杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。 Hangzhou is the place ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 42．我无法忘记我们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。 I can't forget the happy days ________ ________ ________ ________. 43．你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕啊！ The earthquake ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ sounded shocking! 44．我讨厌她一直嘲笑我的方式。 I hate the way ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 45．发光的并不都是金子。 _________  ________ glitters __________  _________ gold. 46．This is_______ _________ ________ she has taken care of. 这是她一直照顾的孩子。 47．我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的所有的朋友。 I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 48．谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 He________ ________ ________, laughs best. 49．我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。 I also have a friend________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 50．他不再是过去的那个人了。 He is no longer the man ________ ________ ________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 核心语法：关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词用于引导定语从句，用来修饰前面的名词或代词（先行词），在从句内部充当一定句子成分。 (1)who 指代人，可在从句充当主语或者宾语；作宾语的情况下，who 可以省去。 The player who won the competition comes from our school. 赢得这场比赛的选手来自我们学校。（作主语） The volunteer (who) I met this morning helped me a lot. 我今早遇见的那位志愿者帮了我很多。（作宾语） (2)whom 指代人，只能在从句中作宾语，常常可以省略，不能充当主语。 The visitor (whom) you greeted just now is my uncle. 你刚才打招呼的那位访客是我的叔叔。（作宾语） The coach (whom) you are waiting for is coming soon. 你正在等候的教练马上就到。（作宾语） (3)whose 既可以指代人，也可以指代事物，后面必须接名词，和先行词构成所属关系，在从句里面作定语。 That is the scientist whose research influences many young learners. 那就是那位研究成果影响了许多青年学者的科学家。（作定语） Nobody wants the cabin whose wall has been damaged. 没有人想要这间墙体受损的小屋。（作定语） (4)which 只用来指代事物，不能指人，可以作主语或宾语；作宾语时能够省略。 Suzhou is a city which owns a long history of more than two thousand years. 苏州是一座拥有两千多年悠久历史的城市。（作主语） The girl felt so excited to get back the silver necklace (which) she lost on the subway. 这个女孩找回了丢在地铁上的银项链，内心十分激动。（作宾语） (5)that 既可以指代人，也可以指代事物，在从句中可充当主语、宾语；作宾语时可以省略。 There is a documentary (that) I want to watch this weekend. 有一部纪录片我打算这周末观看。（作宾语） She is the only member in our group that knows German. 她是我们小组里面唯一懂德语的人。（作主语） 只用that、不用which的几种情况 (1)先行词为 all, everything, nothing, much, any, little 这类不定代词，或是被 no, little, all 等词修饰时。 He tried his best to finish all that was assigned by his teacher. 他尽全力完成老师交代给他的所有任务。 No information that he shares with us is reliable. 他告诉我们的信息没有一条是可靠的。 (2)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词，以及 the very、the only 修饰时。 This is the most moving story that I have ever heard. 这是我听过最动人的故事。 The only thing that matters is the safety of the kids. 唯一要紧的事情就是孩子们的安全。 This is the very notebook that I have been searching for. 这正是我一直在寻找的笔记本。 (3)先行词当中同时包含表示人和事物的名词时。 They talked about the people and places that they visited during the trip. 他们聊起旅途中见到的人和去过的地方。 (4)主句是以 which 或者 who 开头的特殊疑问句。 Which is the museum that you visited last month? 哪一座就是你上个月参观的博物馆？ 温馨提示 ①关系代词在从句作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数，要跟随先行词的单复数变化。 He is the only one of the volunteers that has passed the safety test.（先行词为the only one） 他是志愿者当中唯一一个通过安全测试的人。 He is one of the volunteers who have passed the safety test.（先行词为the volunteers） 他是通过安全测试的志愿者之一。 ②关系代词的省略规则：限制性定语从句里，当关系代词作动词宾语或是介词宾语（介词不能提前放到关系代词前面），常常可以省略。 The girl (that/who/whom) we met yesterday is Anna. 我们昨天见到的那个女孩是安娜。 ③定语从句高频易错点： - 缺少先行词：Is this classroom that you visited last term?（句子缺少先行词，应在classroom后面加上the one） - 缺少关系词：Students take too much junk food may have health problems.（要在Students后添加who，作主语的关系代词不能省略） - 句子成分重复：This is the flat where I lived there three years ago.（where和there功能重复，删掉there） 一、单句语法填空 1．There are many people only online activity is sending and receiving e-mails. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有许多人的唯一在线活动是发送和接收电子邮件。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，people是先行词，它和activity构成所属关系，因此使用whose引导定语从句，它在从句中作定语修饰activity，故填whose。 2．The hours ________the children spend in their one­way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. 【答案】that/which/不填 【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，孩子们与电视观众的单向关系会影响他们与现实生活中的人的关系。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是The hours，且在从句中作spend的宾语，用that/which引导的定语从句，也可以省略。故填that/which/不填。 3．The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king, saying that the gold was for the person removed the huge rock from the road. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：钱包里有许多金币和一张国王写的条子，上面说这些金币是给那个把巨石从路上移走的人的。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为person，所以应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 4．When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新的经历与旧的记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，修饰先行词everything，是不定代词，关系代词只用that不用which，故填that。 5．The British government has issued a new visa policy _________ allows foreign students to stay six months more after their course ends. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英国政府发布了一项新的签证政策，允许外国学生在课程结束后再停留6个月。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为policy，先行词在从句中充当主语，指物，因此需要使用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。 6．Officials of our city are considering a law would require pet owners to put microchips in their animals. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们城市的官员正在考虑一项法律，要求宠物主人在他们的动物身上植入微芯片。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a law；因关系词指物，且关系词在从句中充当主语，所以用that或which引导该定语从句。故填that或者which。 7．Tu Youyou is the scientist discovery has led to the development of new drugs which have saved millions of lives. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：屠呦呦是一位科学家，他的发现导致了新药物的开发，拯救了数百万人的生命。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是the scientist，从句部分缺少定语，所以应是whose引导。故填whose。 8．The picture always reminds me of the moments we spent together in the high school. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这张照片总是让我想起我们在高中时一起度过的时光。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the moments。先行词指物，在定语从句中作spent的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that来引导。故填which/that。 9．Understanding her good intention, I ate up all the food was prepared by my mom with appreciation. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我理解了她的好意，感激地吃完了妈妈准备的所有食物。分析句子可知，先行词food为物，定语从句中缺少主语，先行词前有all来修饰只能用that。故填that。 10．In addition to this traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations would bring about positive emotions. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了传统的医学治疗，他还试图让自己置身于能带来积极情绪的环境中。分析句子结构可知，“________ would bring about positive emotions”是定语从句，先行词situations，指物，在从句中作主语，应该用which或that来修饰。故填which/that。 11．If you want to learn the piano well, all you have to do is to practice every day with correct methods. 【答案】that/不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你想学好钢琴，你所要做的就是每天用正确的方法练习。分析句子结构可知，“_______ you have to do”为定语从句，修饰先行词all。先行词是all，且从句缺少宾语，关系词只能用that。另外，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语，也可以省略。故填that或不填。 12．The famous writer and his works the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位著名作家和他的作品在广播中引起了学生们的极大兴趣。句中先行词为The famous writer and his works ，既指人也指物，在定语从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 13．There were many fans in the social media expressed their sadness over Jin Yong’s death. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：社交媒体上有很多粉丝对金庸的死表示悲伤。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词fans是there be句型的主语，指人，在从句中作主语，常用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 14．A series of exchange activities we organised in digital technology have achieved great success. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们组织的一系列数字技术交流活动取得了巨大成功。分析句子可知，设空处为限制性定语从句的引导词，指代先行词 activities，在从句中作宾语，故填which/that。 15．Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因为我们的努力，我们的女儿乔治亚的确决定捐赠一大袋子玩具给一个其母亲因生病而无法支付她的假期费用的女孩。结合句意及所给句子可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为a little girl，在从句中作mother的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 16．He dragged a box contained heavy goods for a long distance and approached the station. He wanted to deliver it to his school. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他拖着一个装满重物的箱子走了很长一段距离，向车站走去。他想把它送到他的学校。分析句子结构和意思可知， 　　　　　　　　 contained heavy goods是限制性定语从句，先行词是box，在从句中做主语，指物，用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 17．Click on our social media site and it will enable you to find the friends you lose track of. 【答案】who/whom/that/不填 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：点击我们的社交媒体网站，您将能够找到您失去联系的朋友。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the friends，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，因此可用who/whom/that引导，也可省略。故填 who/whom/that/不填。 18．They assumed that the athlete they had met showed an unusual talent for playing soccer. 【答案】who/whom/that/不填 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们认为他们遇到的运动员在踢足球方面表现出了非凡的天赋。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the athlete，指人，在从句中作宾语，因此可用who/whom/that引导，也可省略。故填who/whom//that/不填。 19．In order to enrich your vocabulary, you should learn some English idioms, are “rain cats and dogs”, “hold your horses”, “kill two birds with one stone” and so on. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了丰富你的词汇量，你应该学习一些英语习语，如“rain cats and dogs(下倾盆大雨)”，“hold your horses(不要着急，耐心一点)”，“kill two birds with one stone(一石二鸟)”等。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词idioms，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 20．An idiom is a group of words meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：成语是一组词，其意思不同于单个词的意思。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词words，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导，表示“……的”。故填whose。 21．When the news of Jin Yong’s passing away (去世) was reported, there were many fans in the social media expressed their sadness over his death. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：金庸去世的消息传出后，社交媒体上有很多粉丝表达了对他去世的哀悼。空处引导定语从句，从句修饰先行词fans，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用who或that引导。故填who/that。 22．In my opinion, with the advance of science, digital technology we used to be unfamiliar with is becoming more and more popular. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我看来，随着科学的进步，我们过去不熟悉的数字技术正变得越来越受欢迎。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词“digital technology”是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。 23．They are brave explorers will pass through canyons, basins, waterfalls, straits and narrow tunnels, regardless of lightning and thunder. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们是勇敢的探险家，不顾雷电，穿越峡谷、盆地、瀑布、海峡和狭窄的隧道。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词explorers为人，且从句中缺少主语，因此需使用关系代词who/that在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。 24．The professor was expert in wildlife published a significant article after observing a variety of wild animals. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在观察各种野生动物后，这位在野生动物方面知识很丰富的教授发表了一篇重要的文章。The professor为先行词，为人，后接限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。 25．A tank is a large military vehicle is equipped with weapons and moves along on metal tracks. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：坦克是一种装备有武器的大型军用车辆，在金属履带上行驶。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词vehicle是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 26．The linguist says that people speak with accents are difficult to communicate with. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：语言学家说，很难与说话有口音的人交流。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是people，句中缺少的引导词在从句中作主语，故填who。 27．Those people will succeed obtain the latest knowledge and information and are able to use them to solve practical problems. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些获得最新知识和信息并能够利用它们来解决实际问题的人将取得成功。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，缺少的引导词指代先行词Those people，并在从句中作主语，故填who。 28．Volunteers on behalf of the United Nations built shelters for survivors homes had been damaged in Ukraine. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句 。句意：志愿人员代表联合国为乌克兰家园被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，先行词survivors 在从句中作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 29．Have you ever tried to change the way you do something, after you’ve done it in a certain way for so long? 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你有没有在你以某种方式做某事这么久之后尝试改变你做这件事的方式？当先行词是way，且后面定语从句关系词在从句中做状语时，关系词可以是以下三种形式：1、in which 2、that 3、省略。故此处最佳填that。故填that。 30．This is a brochure explains how to escape and survive during an earthquake or varied aftershocks. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一本介绍如何在地震或各种余震中逃生和生存的小册子。________ explains how to escape and survive during an earthquake or varied aftershocks是定语从句，修饰a brochure。引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应该用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that或which。 31．With technological developments, advertisers have originated commercial advertisements attract customers. 【答案】that/which/to 【详解】考查定语从句或非谓语动词。句意：①随着技术的发展，广告主们创造了吸引顾客的商业广告。②随着科技的发展，广告主们开始推出商业广告来吸引顾客。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处可以使用限定性定语从句，先行词是commercial advertisement，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that或which引导；也可以使用非谓语动词，表目的，应用动词不定式。故填that/which或to。 32．An award is a prize is given to someone for doing something well or making remarkable achievements. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个奖项是被给予一个做了一件好事或取得显著成就的人的奖励。本句是限定性定语从句，先行词是 prize，空处是引导词，在从句中作主语，指物，可用that或which；故填that或which。 33．Secondly, through conversations with friends are wise and well-meaning, a better understanding and judgement may be achieved. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：其次，通过与明智和善意的朋友交谈，可以获得更好的理解和判断。句子结构分析可知 ____ are wise and well-meaning是限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词friends在从句中做主语，friends指人，所以此空填关系代词who或that。故填who或that。 34．But the best advice you might want to take away from this Takeaway English is to find a book on cooking and try making your own nutritious meal. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是你可能想从这本《外卖英语》中得到的最好的建议是找一本烹饪书，尝试做你自己的营养餐。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，因为前面有最高级修饰先行词advice，所以必须填关系代词that。故填that。 35．The “laugh out loud” face is officially the world’s most popular emoji, according to researchers from Adobe (ADBE) surveyed 7,000 users across the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia and South Korea. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Adobe公司的研究人员对来自美国、英国、德国、法国、日本、澳大利亚和韩国的7000名用户进行了调查，结果显示，“大声笑”的表情正式成为世界上最受欢迎的表情符号。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为researchers，是人，从句缺少主语，因此空格处用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。 36．Put simply, potential is your natural ability can be developed when you try hard enough. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，只要你足够努力就可以开发出来。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个限制性定语从句，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替先行词ability在从句中作主语，可以用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。 37．The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这名女子说，她的丈夫几个月前去世了，家里没有其他人可以帮助她。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词anyone是人，因此空格处用who引导定语从句，故填who。 38．The weather in Chongqing was so unbearable, 　　　　　　 many visitors complained about a lot.   【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：重庆的天气令人难以忍受，正如很多游客抱怨的那样。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是上文整个句子，从句缺少宾语，且意为“正如”，应用as引导。故填as。 39．Since laughter is much healthier than anger, a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation has made you angry. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因为笑比生气更健康，处理愤怒的一个好方法就是从让你生气的情况中寻找幽默。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词situation意为“情况”，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 40．Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：易于理解的诗歌往往不如那些不断揭示更深层次和以前未被认识到的含义的诗有趣。分析句子可知，those后面的句子为定语从句，先行词为those，指代poems。先行词为物，定语从句缺主语，应使用关系代词that/which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。 二、完成句子 41．杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。 Hangzhou is the place ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 that/which I visited last summer 【详解】考查定语从句。分析可知，设空处为我去年夏天去的为定语从句，译为“I visited last summer”，修饰先行词the place，在从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which连接，故填that/which；I；visited；last；summer。 42．我无法忘记我们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。 I can't forget the happy days ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 that/which we spend together 【详解】考查定语从句。分析可知，设空处意思是我们一起度过的为定语从句，修饰先行词days，在从句中作宾语，定语从句译为“we spend together”，引导词在从句中作宾语，指事物，用that或者which引导，根据句意，故填that；which；we；spend；together。 43．你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕啊！ The earthquake ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ sounded shocking! 【答案】 that/which you were talking about 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“你们”应用you；表示“谈论”应用talk about，根据sounded和句意可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，主语为you，be动词用were；根据汉语提示“你们刚才谈论的”可知，该部分可以使用定语从句，先行词the earthquake，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填①that/which ②you ③were④talking⑤about。 44．我讨厌她一直嘲笑我的方式。 I hate the way ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 she always laughs at me 【详解】考查定语从句。根据空前的the way可知，此处为定语从句；根据汉语意思可知，空处应填写的意思为“她一直嘲笑我”，先行词为way，在从句中作状语，关系词可以用that，in which或不填，由于空数限制，此处选择不填，句子为一般现在时，故答案为①she②always③laughs④at⑤me. 45．发光的并不都是金子。 _________  ________ glitters __________  _________ gold. 【答案】 All that is not 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句式可知，此句可用不定代词all作主语指代“所有发光的东西”，再用that引导的定语从句修饰先行词all，表示“并不”应用not；表示“是”应用be；根据句意可知，此句陈述客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时，主语为all，be动词用is。故填①All②that③is④not。 46．This is_______ _________ ________ she has taken care of. 这是她一直照顾的孩子。 【答案】the child whom 【详解】考查名词和定语从句引导词。结合句意可知用the child放在系动词is后作表语，之后是定语从句，先行词是the child，且在从句中作宾语，指人用whom引导。故填the child whom。 47．我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的所有的朋友。 I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 I have made over the years 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。 all the friends为先行词，根据所给汉语意思后面需要一个定语从句来修饰先行词，即“我这些年来交到的”译为I have made over the years，其中先行词all the friends在定语从句中作made的宾语，关系代词用whom，关系词在定语从句中作宾语时常常省略，从句的时间状语为over the years，所以定语从句时态为现在完成时。故填I have made over the years。 48．谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 He________ ________ ________, laughs best. 【答案】 who laughs last 【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。依据空后的laughs best及句意可知此处为客观陈述，谓语动词应用一般现在时，空处为定语从句，修饰句子主语He ，引导词在句中作主语，应用关系代词who，表示“笑到最后”应用laugh last，He为单数，从句谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，所以空处应填who laughs last。故答案为who laughs last。 49．我也有一个我非常信任的朋友。 I also have a friend________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 whom/who I trust a lot 【详解】考查定语从句、动词时态和副词。空处为定语从句，先行词为friend，先行词在句中作宾语，关系代词应用who/whom；表示“信任”应用动词trust，在从句中作谓语，friend为单数，且此处为客观陈述，所以应用动词原形trust；表示“非常”应用短语a lot，作状语，修饰动词trust，所以空处应填whom/who I trust a lot。故答案为whom/who I trust a lot。 50．他不再是过去的那个人了。 He is no longer the man ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 that he was 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意可知，此处应为定语从句修饰先行词the man，表示“过去的那个人”应为一般过去时态，所以应译为he was the man，由此可知，先行词在句中作表语，定语从句中缺少表语时，引导词应为that。故填①that②he③was。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $