Unit 3 Period 3 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing（知识清单）英语人教版必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 一、重点单词 1. compete 竞争；对抗 2. pretend 假装；装扮 3. cheat 作弊；舞弊；欺骗；骗子 4. audience 观众；听众 5. positive 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 6. slim 苗条的；单薄的 7. diet 规定饮食；日常饮食；节食 8. rather 相当；有点儿 9. jog 慢跑 10. stress 压力；紧张；强调；使焦虑不安 11. error 错误；差错 二、重点单词变形 1. compete (v.) 竞争；对抗 → competition (n. 比赛) → competitor (n. 对手) → competitive (adj. 有竞争力的) 2. pretend (v.) 假装；装扮 → pretence (n. 假装；借口) 3. cheat (v.) 作弊；欺骗 n.骗子 → cheater (n. 作弊者，骗子) 4. positive (adj.) 积极的；乐观的 → positively (adv. 积极地) → positivity (n. 积极性) 5. stress (n. 压力 v. 强调) → stressed (adj. 人感到有压力的) → stressful (adj. 令人压力大的) 三、必备词块 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 有道理；合乎情理 make sense 2. 假装做某事 pretend to do sth 3. 即使；虽然 even if/though 4. 有作用或影响 make a difference 5. 而不是 rather than 6. 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 cut ... out 7. 有时；偶尔 now and then 8. 与……比较 compare ... with/to ... 9. 在压力之下 under stress 10. 犯错误 make an error 四、必会考点 1. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ vi. 竞争；对抗 词形变化：competition(n.) 比赛；竞赛；competitor(n.) 竞争者；对手；competitive(adj.) 竞争的；有竞争力的 【固定搭配】 (1) compete in 参加（比赛） (2) compete with/against sb 与某人竞争 (3) compete for sth 为……角逐 写作佳句： Many top athletes compete for medals and honour in international sports events. 众多顶尖运动员在国际赛事中角逐奖牌与荣誉。 【即学即练】 ① The ______(compete) between the two teams attracted worldwide attention. ② Athletes will ______（参加马拉松比赛）next month. ③ 句式仿写：她将与来自各国的选手同台竞争。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】① competition ② compete in the marathon ③ She will compete with players from different countries. 2. pretend /prɪˈtend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮 词形变化：pretence(n.) 假装；借口 【固定搭配】 (1) pretend to do sth 假装做某事 (2) pretend to be + adj. 假装是…… (3) pretend that从句 假装…… 写作佳句： He tried to pretend that he was not nervous before the important competition. 大赛前夕，他努力假装自己并不紧张。 【即学即练】 ① Don’t ______(pretence) to know what you actually don’t understand. ② The player ______（假装受伤）to stop the match. ③ 句式仿写：不要假装不在意训练中遇到的困难。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】① pretend ② pretended to be injured ③ Don’t pretend not to care about the difficulties in training. 3. cheat /tʃiːt/ vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子 词形变化：cheater(n.) 骗子；作弊者 【固定搭配】 (1) cheat in the exam 在考试中作弊 (2) cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 写作佳句： Any athlete who cheats in competitions will be severely punished and lose their honour. 任何在赛事中作弊的运动员都会受到严惩，失去荣誉。 【即学即练】 ① He was considered a ______(cheat) after breaking the competition rules. ② No athlete is allowed to ______（作弊）in any official game. ③ 句式仿写：真正的运动员永远不会靠欺骗换取胜利。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】① cheater ② cheat ③ A true athlete will never win victory by cheating. 4. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 词形变化：positively(adv.) 积极地；肯定地；positivity(n.) 积极性；乐观 【固定搭配】 (1) positive attitude 积极的态度 (2) be positive about 对……持乐观态度 写作佳句： Keeping a positive attitude helps athletes deal with pressure and failures. 保持积极心态有助于运动员应对压力与失利。 【即学即练】 ① She faces all challenges ______(positive) in her sports career. ② We should ______（保持积极心态）when meeting setbacks. ③ 句式仿写：积极的心态是运动员取得进步的关键。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】① positively ② keep a positive attitude ③ A positive mind is the key for athletes to make progress. 5. stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安 词形变化：stressful(adj.) 充满压力的；stresssed(adj.) 感到有压力的 【固定搭配】 (1) under stress 在压力之下 (2) stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 写作佳句： Experts stress that proper rest can reduce athletes’ stress before competitions. 专家强调，适当休息能够减轻运动员赛前压力。 【即学即练】 ① The young athlete felt heavily ______(stress) before the final race. ② The coach often ______（强调坚持训练的重要性）. ③ 句式仿写：学会调节压力是运动员的必修课。 ____________________________________________________ 【答案】① stressed ② stresses the importance of keeping training ③ Learning to manage stress is a required course for athletes. 一、词汇易混辨析 1. compete / contest compete：vi. 竞争；角逐，不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语，搭配 compete in/with/for contest：n. 竞赛；v. 争夺，可直接接名词作宾语，多指争夺奖项、控制权 易错点：compete是不及物动词，不能写compete a match 例：✅ Many athletes compete for medals in the contest. ❌ Many athletes compete medals in the contest. 2. stressed / stressful stressed：adj.（人）感到有压力的，主语通常是人 stressful：adj.（事物）令人有压力的，用来修饰事件、环境 易错点：修饰人用stressed；修饰事情用stressful，不要混用 例：✅ He felt stressed before the stressful competition. ❌ He felt stressful before the stressed competition. 3. error / mistake error：n. 差错、失误，侧重专业、动作、计算上的疏漏，偏书面 mistake：n. 错误，普通用词，多指理解、粗心导致的错误 易错点：固定搭配：make an error / make a mistake 都成立；体育、专业场景多用error 例：✅ One small movement error cost him the championship. ❌ One small movement mistake cost him the championship.（语法没错，但语境优先error） 二、短语易混辨析 1. compete for / compete in compete for：为……而竞争，for后面接目标（奖牌、荣誉） compete in：参加……比赛，in后面接赛事名称 易错点：介词for和in含义不同，不可互换 例：✅ She will compete in the marathon and compete for the gold medal. ❌ She will compete for the marathon and compete in the gold medal. 2. pretend to do / pretend to be doing pretend to do sth 假装要做某事（动作未发生） pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事（动作正在进行） 易错点：不定式时态混淆 例：✅ He pretended to be listening carefully when the coach spoke. ❌ He pretended to listen carefully when the coach spoke.（时态逻辑不符） 3. compare … with / compare … to compare … with …：把……和……对比（找出异同） compare … to …：把……比作……（比喻） 易错点：介词to和with含义不同，写作高频考点 例：✅ The coach compares his performance with last year’s. ❌ The coach compares his performance to last year’s. 4. make a difference 有作用或影响 易错点：冠词a不能省略；difference不能写成复数 例：✅ Small efforts in training can make a big difference. ❌ Small efforts in training can make big difference. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 一、重点单词 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. compete _______________ 2. pretend _______________ 3. cheat _______________ 4. audience _______________ 5. positive _______________ 6. slim _______________ 7. diet _______________ 8. rather _______________ 9. jog _______________ 10. stress _______________ 11. error _______________ 二、重点单词变形 1. compete (v.) 竞争；对抗 → __________ (n. 比赛) → __________ (n. 对手) → __________ (adj. 有竞争力的) 2. pretend (v.) 假装；装扮 → __________ (n. 假装；借口) 3. cheat (v.) 作弊；欺骗 n.骗子 → __________ (n. 作弊者，骗子) 4. positive (adj.) 积极的；乐观的 → __________ (adv. 积极地) → __________ (n. 积极性) 5. stress (n. 压力 v. 强调) → __________ (adj. 人感到有压力的) → __________ (adj. 令人压力大的) 三、必备词块 1. 有道理；合乎情理 _______________ 2. 假装做某事 _______________ 3. 即使；虽然 _______________ 4. 有作用或影响 _______________ 5. 而不是 _______________ 6. 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 _______________ 7. 有时；偶尔 _______________ 8. 与……比较 _______________ 9. 在压力之下 _______________ 10. 犯错误 _______________ 四、必会考点 1. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ vi. 竞争；对抗 词形变化：competition(n.) 比赛；竞赛；competitor(n.) 竞争者；对手；competitive(adj.) 竞争的；有竞争力的 【固定搭配】 (1) compete in 参加（比赛） (2) compete with/against sb 与某人竞争 (3) compete for sth 为……角逐 写作佳句： Many top athletes compete for medals and honour in international sports events. 众多顶尖运动员在国际赛事中角逐奖牌与荣誉。 【即学即练】 ① The ______(compete) between the two teams attracted worldwide attention. ② Athletes will ______（参加马拉松比赛）next month. ③ 句式仿写：她将与来自各国的选手同台竞争。 ____________________________________________________ 2. pretend /prɪˈtend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮 词形变化：pretence(n.) 假装；借口 【固定搭配】 (1) pretend to do sth 假装做某事 (2) pretend to be + adj. 假装是…… (3) pretend that从句 假装…… 写作佳句： He tried to pretend that he was not nervous before the important competition. 大赛前夕，他努力假装自己并不紧张。 【即学即练】 ① Don’t ______(pretence) to know what you actually don’t understand. ② The player ______（假装受伤）to stop the match. ③ 句式仿写：不要假装不在意训练中遇到的困难。 ____________________________________________________ 3. cheat /tʃiːt/ vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子 词形变化：cheater(n.) 骗子；作弊者 【固定搭配】 (1) cheat in the exam 在考试中作弊 (2) cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 写作佳句： Any athlete who cheats in competitions will be severely punished and lose their honour. 任何在赛事中作弊的运动员都会受到严惩，失去荣誉。 【即学即练】 ① He was considered a ______(cheat) after breaking the competition rules. ② No athlete is allowed to ______（作弊）in any official game. ③ 句式仿写：真正的运动员永远不会靠欺骗换取胜利。 ____________________________________________________ 4. positive /ˈpɒzətɪv/ adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 词形变化：positively(adv.) 积极地；肯定地；positivity(n.) 积极性；乐观 【固定搭配】 (1) positive attitude 积极的态度 (2) be positive about 对……持乐观态度 写作佳句： Keeping a positive attitude helps athletes deal with pressure and failures. 保持积极心态有助于运动员应对压力与失利。 【即学即练】 ① She faces all challenges ______(positive) in her sports career. ② We should ______（保持积极心态）when meeting setbacks. ③ 句式仿写：积极的心态是运动员取得进步的关键。 ____________________________________________________ 5. stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安 词形变化：stressful(adj.) 充满压力的；stresssed(adj.) 感到有压力的 【固定搭配】 (1) under stress 在压力之下 (2) stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 写作佳句： Experts stress that proper rest can reduce athletes’ stress before competitions. 专家强调，适当休息能够减轻运动员赛前压力。 【即学即练】 ① The young athlete felt heavily ______(stress) before the final race. ② The coach often ______（强调坚持训练的重要性）. ③ 句式仿写：学会调节压力是运动员的必修课。 ____________________________________________________ 一、词汇易混辨析 1. compete / contest compete：vi. 竞争；角逐，不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语，搭配 compete in/with/for contest：n. 竞赛；v. 争夺，可直接接名词作宾语，多指争夺奖项、控制权 易错点：compete是不及物动词，不能写compete a match 例：✅ Many athletes compete for medals in the contest. ❌ Many athletes compete medals in the contest. 2. stressed / stressful stressed：adj.（人）感到有压力的，主语通常是人 stressful：adj.（事物）令人有压力的，用来修饰事件、环境 易错点：修饰人用stressed；修饰事情用stressful，不要混用 例：✅ He felt stressed before the stressful competition. ❌ He felt stressful before the stressed competition. 3. error / mistake error：n. 差错、失误，侧重专业、动作、计算上的疏漏，偏书面 mistake：n. 错误，普通用词，多指理解、粗心导致的错误 易错点：固定搭配：make an error / make a mistake 都成立；体育、专业场景多用error 例：✅ One small movement error cost him the championship. ❌ One small movement mistake cost him the championship.（语法没错，但语境优先error） 二、短语易混辨析 1. compete for / compete in compete for：为……而竞争，for后面接目标（奖牌、荣誉） compete in：参加……比赛，in后面接赛事名称 易错点：介词for和in含义不同，不可互换 例：✅ She will compete in the marathon and compete for the gold medal. ❌ She will compete for the marathon and compete in the gold medal. 2. pretend to do / pretend to be doing pretend to do sth 假装要做某事（动作未发生） pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事（动作正在进行） 易错点：不定式时态混淆 例：✅ He pretended to be listening carefully when the coach spoke. ❌ He pretended to listen carefully when the coach spoke.（时态逻辑不符） 3. compare … with / compare … to compare … with …：把……和……对比（找出异同） compare … to …：把……比作……（比喻） 易错点：介词to和with含义不同，写作高频考点 例：✅ The coach compares his performance with last year’s. ❌ The coach compares his performance to last year’s. 4. make a difference 有作用或影响 易错点：冠词a不能省略；difference不能写成复数 例：✅ Small efforts in training can make a big difference. ❌ Small efforts in training can make big difference. $