考前押题02 七选五5大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期译林版

考前押题02 七选五5大常考话题 考点1 健康与生活方式（常考点） 考点2 音乐·艺术与成长 考点3 传媒与网络生活 考点4 社会与人际（常考点） 考点5体育运动与体育精神（难点） ① 通读全文，先抓主旨与结构：先看标题、首段、末段和每段首句，判断文章是说明文、议论文还是记叙文，明确“谁在说、说什么、为什么说”。 ② 看空格位置，判断句子功能： 段首：常是主题句、过渡句 段中：常是解释句、举例句、转折句 段尾：常是总结句、建议句、升华句 ③ 找关键词，锁定同义复现：注意名词、动词、形容词、副词的同义替换，以及代词（it、they、this、these、such）的指代对象。 ④ 看逻辑关系，判断衔接方向： 并列：and, also, besides, similarly 转折：but, however, yet, instead 因果：so, therefore, because, thus 举例：for example, for instance, such as 总结：in short, in a word, all in all ⑤ 看标点与句式，辅助判断： 冒号、破折号后常是解释 问号后常是回答 祈使句常是建议或标题 代词开头的句子，前文必有指代对象 ⑥ 代入验证，通读检查：把选好的选项代入原文，看语义是否连贯、逻辑是否通顺、代词是否一致、时态是否匹配。 ⑦ 新情境/跨学科题：适应新词，抓结构：不要被“爆米花大脑”“时差反应”“AI滤镜”等新词吓到，先抓文章结构，再抓关键词和逻辑关系。 ⑧ 新考法题：关注“段首句、过渡句、总结句”：七选五常考这三类句子，尤其是段首主题句和段尾总结句。 考点1 健康与生活方式（共6题） Passage 1 Advice to the Hard-working Girl You are not a superwoman. No matter how much you think you could handle, sometimes you need to take a step back and realize when you’re taking on too much. No one wants to be the one to quit, but sometimes taking a break is necessary to get work done effectively. Practice the following things to help you accomplish this: ___1___ In order to please everyone, you try to say “yes” and be nice, not knowing that you’re hurting yourself in the long run. Saying “yes” to everything adds pressure. You always need to make sure not to let anyone down and forget that you have to take care of yourself, too. ___2___. Take on what you can handle Look, everyone knows you have the power to take on whatever you put your mind to, but don’t let that make you feel like you have to take on everything at once. ___3___. For example, if there are twenty things you need to do, do ten today and ten at another time. It’s all about balance ___4___. Taking on too much at times makes you forget that there is a life to live. Everyone is proud of the work you’ve done but they miss you, too. Take a day to hang out with friends and family. The work will still be there, and balancing work with fun will actually make you more efficient. Sleepless nights are awful When it comes to not being able to sleep, it should be a wake-up call. ___5___. Usually, when your mind is restless, it’s a sign that something is wrong. Over stressing could be the reason why you're losing out on sleep and not sleeping makes you have a bad day. No one wants that, so don’t do it to yourself. A. Take a deep breath B. Stop saying “yes” to everything C. You should learn to break things up D. Work is good, but make sure to save time for fun E. Keep that in mind when you try to be there for family F. You should know you can say “no” when you feel overloaded G. It means your body is off and you need to get it back in order 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. D 5. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要是给努力工作的女孩的一些建议，包括不要承担过多任务，要学会拒绝、合理分配任务、平衡工作与生活、保证充足睡眠等。 1. 根据下文“In order to please everyone, you try to say “yes” and be nice, not knowing that you're hurting yourself in the long run. Saying “yes” to everything adds pressure(为了取悦每一个人，你试着说“好的”并且表现得友好，却不知道从长远来看你正在伤害自己。对所有事情都说“好的”会增加压力)”可知，上文说的是对所有事情都说“好的”会增加压力，可推理出本段主要讲的是不要对所有事情都答应，B项“Stop saying “yes” to everything(不要对所有事情都说“好的”)”能作为该段的小标题，故选B项。 2. 根据上文“You always need to make sure not to let anyone down and forget that you have to take care of yourself, too.( 你总是需要确保不要让任何人失望，并且不要忘记你也必须照顾好自己)”可知，上文提到了不要忘记你也必须照顾好自己，可推理出空处应陈述要在感觉任务过多、不堪重负时，学会拒绝，照顾好自己，F项“You should know you can say “no” when you feel overloaded(当你感觉不堪重负时，你应该知道你可以说“不”)”是对上文的合理延伸，故选F项。 3. 根据上文“but don't let that make you feel like you have to take on everything at once(但是不要让那种想法让你觉得你必须一次性承担所有事情)”和下文“For example, if there are twenty things you need to do, do ten today and ten at another time(例如，如果你有二十件需要做的事情，今天做十件，另找时间做另外十件)”可知，要学会把事情分解开，C项“You should learn to break things up(你应该学会把事情分解开)”符合语境，故选C项。 4. 根据下文“Taking on too much at times makes you forget that there is a life to live. Everyone is proud of the work you’ve done but they miss you, too. Take a day to hang out with friends and family. The work will still be there, and balancing work with fun will actually make you more efficient(有时承担太多事情会让你忘记还有生活要过。每个人都为你所做的工作感到骄傲，但他们也想念你。花一天时间和朋友、家人一起出去玩。工作仍然会在那里，并且平衡工作与娱乐实际上会让你更有效率)”可知，下文提到了要花一天时间和朋友、家人一起出去玩，因为平衡工作与娱乐实际上会让你更有效率，可推理出此处主要讲的是要确保留出时间来娱乐，与D项“Work is good, but make sure to save time for fun(工作是好的，但要确保留出时间来娱乐)”符合语境，故选D项。 5. 根据上文“When it comes to not being able to sleep, it should be a wake-up call(当涉及到无法入睡时，这应该是一个警示信号)”可知，当无法入睡时，这应该是一个警示信号，由此推知，空处应解释这个警示信号是什么。G项“It means your body is off and you need to get it back in order(这意味着你的身体出了问题，你需要让它恢复正常)”是对上文“警示信号”的具体解释，故选G项。 Passage 2 How to Fall Asleep in Five Minutes Many people lie awake for a long time at night, struggling to fall asleep quickly. ____1____, and the key often lies in a few simple changes that you can easily make to your daily life. Getting natural light into your eyes first thing in the morning is one of the most effective ways to improve your sleep. Russell Foster, an Oxford professor, explains that morning light shifts your body clock earlier, making you feel sleepier at bedtime. ____2____. This simple change signals to your body that the countdown to sleep has begun, creating a natural pattern that improves sleep quality. Daytime habits count just as much. A short afternoon sleep can improve your focus, but keep it under 20 minutes and not within six hours of bedtime. ____3____. Similarly, doing vigorous exercise within one or two hours of bedtime can delay your sleep. ____4____. Research suggests a good mattress and proper bedding can conduct heat away from the body, lowering core temperature. Besides, keeping your bedroom cool, quiet, dark and calm can also greatly improve your chances of a restful night. Finally, stress is a powerful enemy of sleep. Many people who struggle to fall asleep are actually suffering from anxiety. ____5____. Simple activities like reading, breathing slowly or focusing on the feel of your blanket can calm your mind. Avoiding phones before bed is also wise, not because of the light, but because what you see on them may cause stress. A. Your sleep environment matters more than you might think B. The good news is that falling asleep fast is a skill that can be learned C. Getting bright light in the evening can help you stay awake longer at night D. Mindfulness techniques can help reduce daytime stress, which is a major cause of poor sleep E. If you sleep too long or too close to bedtime, you may find it harder to fall asleep at night F. Taking a short walk outdoors without sunglasses in the morning is an excellent way to achieve this G. Stress is something you simply have to live with, since there is no effective way to calm your mind before bed 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. D 【导语】文章主要介绍了几个有助于人们在五分钟内快速入睡的简单日常方法。 1. 上文“Many people lie awake for a long time at night, struggling to fall asleep quickly. (很多人晚上会长时间躺在床上睡不着，难以快速入睡。)”提出很多人饱受难以快速入睡的困扰这一问题，B选项“The good news is that falling asleep fast is a skill that can be learned (好消息是，快速入睡是一项可以学会的技能)”承接上文，转折引出好消息，说明快速入睡是可习得的技能，衔接下文“and the key often lies in a few simple changes that you can easily make to your daily life. (而关键往往在于你可以轻松对日常生活做出的一些简单改变。)”，自然引出后文的具体方法，上下文语意衔接顺畅。 2. 上文“Russell Foster, an Oxford professor, explains that morning light shifts your body clock earlier, making you feel sleepier at bedtime. (牛津大学教授拉塞尔·福斯特解释说，晨光会把你的生物钟提前，让你在睡觉时间更困。)”点明晨间光照对调整生物钟、助力睡眠的作用，F选项“Taking a short walk outdoors without sunglasses in the morning is an excellent way to achieve this (早上不戴太阳镜在户外短途散步是实现这一点的绝佳方式)”中“this”指代上文提到的“让晨光调整生物钟、帮你在睡前产生困意”这件事，给出了接触晨光的具体做法，同时衔接后文“This simple change signals to your body that the countdown to sleep has begun.. .(这个简单的改变会向你的身体发出信号，表明睡眠倒计时已经开始……)”，句中“This simple change”就指代F选项中晨间户外散步的做法，逻辑连贯。 3. 上文“A short afternoon sleep can improve your focus, but keep it under 20 minutes and not within six hours of bedtime. (午后小睡可以提升注意力，但要控制在20分钟以内，且不能在距离睡前六小时内小睡。)”给出了午后小睡的时长、时间禁忌，E选项“If you sleep too long or too close to bedtime, you may find it harder to fall asleep at night (如果你睡太久，或是离睡觉时间太近才睡，你可能会发现晚上更难入睡)”是从反面说明不遵守上述要求的不良后果，和上文的建议形成对应，也衔接下文“Similarly, doing vigorous exercise within one or two hours of bedtime can delay your sleep. (同样，在睡前一到两小时内进行剧烈运动也会推迟你的入睡时间。)”，共同列举不当日常行为对睡眠的负面影响，语意连贯。 4. 设空处是本段的总起句，下文“Research suggests a good mattress and proper bedding can conduct heat away from the body, lowering core temperature. Besides, keeping your bedroom cool, quiet, dark and calm can also greatly improve your chances of a restful night. (研究表明，好的床垫和合适的床上用品可以将热量从身体带走，降低核心体温。此外，保持卧室凉爽、安静、黑暗、静谧也会大大提升你一夜安睡的概率。)”介绍了床垫床品、卧室环境对睡眠的影响，A选项“Your sleep environment matters more than you might think (你的睡眠环境比你想象的更重要)”总领全段，点明睡眠环境的重要性，与下文的具体阐述匹配。 5. 上文“Finally, stress is a powerful enemy of sleep. Many people who struggle to fall asleep are actually suffering from anxiety. (最后，压力是睡眠的一大劲敌。很多难以入睡的人其实正受焦虑困扰。)”点明压力、焦虑是导致睡眠不佳的重要原因，D选项“Mindfulness techniques can help reduce daytime stress, which is a major cause of poor sleep (正念技巧可以帮助减少日间压力，而日间压力是睡眠不佳的主要诱因)”承接上文的“压力”话题，给出缓解压力的方向，衔接下文“Simple activities like reading, breathing slowly or focusing on the feel of your blanket can calm your mind. (像阅读、缓慢呼吸或者专注感受毯子触感这类简单活动可以让你的思绪平静下来)”，下文列举的正是D选项中“正念技巧”的具体做法，上下文逻辑紧密。 Passage 3 How to Chew Food Properly Chewing your food properly allows your body to fully absorb the nutrients and will reduce negative symptoms such as gas, bloating (肿胀), and intestinal discomfort. You’ll also eat slower and feel fuller for longer, which can help prevent overeating. ____1____. You can use a few strategies to help you slow down and focus on doing it the right way. Remove outside distractions. Sit down to enjoy your meal and to make it easier for you to focus on properly chewing your food. Avoid watching television, playing on your smartphone, or driving while you eat. ____2____. That means you’re more likely not to chew your food properly and overeat. ____3____. As you’re chewing your food and breaking it down, move the pieces around your mouth so all of the food is evenly and properly chewed. Feel for pieces of food in your mouth with your tongue, moving unchewed bits over to your teeth so it can be properly chewed. Use your back teeth. Move hard or tough foods like nuts and seeds to the back of your mouth where your back teeth are, so they can be chewed well and broken into smaller pieces for easier swallowing and digestion. ____4____. Keep a steady speed. ____5____, paying attention to each chew so you can break the food down properly and mix it with the natural juices in your mouth. Don’t chew quickly and roughly, as this won’t break down the food well. A. Proper chewing is simple B. Move food around in your mouth C. These foods may cause stomachache D. Take each bite of food and chew it slowly E. Eating on the go can also cause you to eat faster F. Don’t swallow hard or tough pieces of food whole G. Some foods may not need to be chewed as many times 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. B 4. F 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了正确咀嚼食物的方法和好处。 1. 前文“Chewing your food properly allows your body to fully absorb the nutrients and will reduce negative symptoms such as gas, bloating (肿胀), and intestinal discomfort. You’ll also eat slower and feel fuller for longer, which can help prevent overeating. (充分咀嚼食物能让身体更好地吸收营养，减少胀气、腹胀和肠道不适等不良症状，同时还能减慢进食速度、延长饱腹感，有助于防止暴饮暴食)”指出细嚼慢咽的好处，后文“You can use a few strategies to help you slow down and focus on doing it the right way. (你可以采取几个小技巧来放慢进食速度，专注于正确咀嚼)”提到可以用策略帮助慢食，因此A项“Proper chewing is simple (正确的咀嚼方式很简单)”符合语境，说明实现细嚼慢咽并不难，承前启后。故选A。 2. 前文“Avoid watching television, playing on your smartphone, or driving while you eat. (进餐时应避免看电视、玩手机或驾车)”建议避免吃饭时分心做其他事，后文“That means you’re more likely not to chew your food properly and overeat. (这意味着你很可能会草率咀嚼食物并导致进食过量)”进一步指出分心的坏处，因此E项“Eating on the go can also cause you to eat faster (匆忙进食也会导致吃得更快)”符合语境，指出分心的后果，承接前文，后文是对其进一步解释，其中的to eat faster是后文That指代的对象。故选E。 3. 后文“As you’re chewing your food and breaking it down, move the pieces around your mouth so all of the food is evenly and properly chewed. Feel for pieces of food in your mouth with your tongue, moving unchewed bits over to your teeth so it can be properly chewed. (当你咀嚼食物并将其分解时，在你的嘴里移动食物块，这样所有的食物都被均匀而适当地咀嚼了。用舌头去感受嘴里的食物碎片，把没有咀嚼过的碎片移到牙齿上，这样就可以好好咀嚼了)”描述用舌头感知食物，并充分移动未咀嚼部分，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应建议充分移动食物，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式，因此B项“Move food around in your mouth (在口腔内移动食物)”符合语境，统领全段的动作描述。故选B。 4. 前文“Move hard or tough foods like nuts and seeds to the back of your mouth where your back teeth are, so they can be chewed well and broken into smaller pieces for easier swallowing and digestion. (将坚硬的食物，如坚果和种子，移到你的口腔后部，也就是你的后牙所在的地方，这样它们就能被很好地咀嚼，碎成小块，更容易吞咽和消化)”强调用后牙处理坚硬食物，因此F项“Don’t swallow hard or tough pieces of food whole (不要直接吞咽坚硬食物)”符合语境，提醒不要直接吞咽，承接前文。故选F。 5. 本段主旨句是“Keep a steady speed. (保持稳定的速度)”，后文“paying attention to each chew so you can break the food down properly and mix it with the natural juices in your mouth (请注意每一次咀嚼动作，确保食物被充分分解并与口腔内的消化液充分混合)”提醒每一次咀嚼都要保证充分，因此D项“Take each bite of food and chew it slowly (每口食物都要慢慢咀嚼)”符合语境，提醒每一次咀嚼速度要慢，呼应主旨句，引出后文。故选D。 第3小题，容易误选 G「Some foods may not need to be chewed as many times」。 考生看到"咀嚼次数"便想选与"次数"相关的 G，但该空前句描述的是"用舌头在口腔内移动食物、使各部位均匀咀嚼"，强调的动作是"移动"而非"减少次数"，且本段主旨句即 B 项"Move food around in your mouth"。做七选五时，不能只抓关键词的字面重复，要判断句子在段落功能（主题句/支撑句）中的位置。故选 B。 Passage 4 If you feel depressed, it’s best to do something about it—depression doesn’t just go away on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor, here are four things you can do to feel better. Exercise Take a 15-30-minute walk every day—or dance, jog, or bike if you prefer. People who are depressed may not feel much like being active. ____1____. Ask a friend to exercise with you if you need to be motivated. Once you get in the exercise habit, it won’t take long to notice a difference in your mood. Identify troubles, but don’t think a lot about them Try to identify any situation that has contributed to your depression. When you know what makes you feel blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend. ____2____. If there’s none to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal works just as well. Once you air out these thoughts and feelings, turn your attention to something positive. Take action to solve problems. Express yourself ____3____. By exercising your imagination (painting, drawing, writing, dancing, etc.) you not only get those creative juices flowing, you also relax some positive emotions. Take time to play with a friend or a pet, or do something fun for yourself. Find something to laugh about—a funny movie, perhaps. ____4____. ____5____ Depression affects a person’s thoughts, making everything seem negative and hopeless. If depression makes you notice only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life. Try to notice one thing, then try to think of one more. Consider your strengths, gifts, or blessings. Most of all, don’t forget to be patient with yourself. Depression takes time to heal. A. Look on the bright side B. Get rid of negative feelings C. But make yourself do it anyway D. Laughter helps lighten your mood E. They need to reach out to more friends F. With depression, a person’s creativity and sense of fun may seem blocked G. Talking is a way to release the feelings and to receive some understanding 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. F 4. D 5. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了除了寻求医生帮助外，缓解抑郁的四种方法：锻炼、识别问题但不过度纠结、表达自己以及看到事物光明的一面。 1. 上文“People who are depressed may not feel much like being active. (抑郁的人可能不太想活动)”说明抑郁的人可能不愿意活动，空处承接上文，C选项中的“But”与上文形成转折关系，“do it anyway”鼓励抑郁的人即使不想活动也要坚持锻炼，同时照应下文“Ask a friend to exercise with you if you need to be motivated. Once you get in the exercise habit, it won’t take long to notice a difference in your mood. (如果你需要动力，可以邀请朋友和你一起锻炼。一旦养成锻炼的习惯，用不了多久你就会注意到自己的情绪有了变化)”，对应获得动力的方法，所以C项“但无论如何都要让自己去锻炼”符合语境。故选C。 2. 上文“When you know what makes you feel blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend. (当你知道是什么让你感到沮丧以及原因时，和一个关心你的朋友谈谈)”说明和朋友交谈可以缓解抑郁，空处承接上文，G选项中的“Talking”和上文中的“talk about it”相呼应，说明交谈是释放情感和获得理解的一种方式，所以G项“交谈是一种释放情感和获得理解的方式”符合语境。故选G。 3. 下文“By exercising your imagination (painting, drawing, writing, dancing, etc.) you not only get those creative juices flowing, you also relax some positive emotions. (通过发挥你的想象力（绘画、素描、写作、跳舞等），你不仅能激发创造力，还能释放一些积极的情绪)”说明通过创造性的活动可以表达自己，F选项中的“creativity”和下文中的“creative juices flowing”相呼应，说明抑郁可能会阻碍人的创造力和乐趣感，引出下文通过创造性活动表达自己的内容，所以F项“抑郁会使人的创造力和乐趣感似乎受到阻碍”符合语境。故选F。 4. 上文“Take time to play with a friend or a pet, or do something fun for yourself. Find something to laugh about—a funny movie, perhaps. (花时间和朋友或宠物一起玩耍，或者为自己做些有趣的事。找点能让你开怀大笑的东西——或许是一部搞笑电影)”说明笑可以缓解抑郁，空处承接上文，D选项中的“Laughter”对应上文中的“laugh about”，说明笑有助于减轻情绪，所以D项“笑有助于减轻你的情绪”符合语境。故选D。 5. 下文“Depression affects a person’s thoughts, making everything seem negative and hopeless. If depression makes you notice only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life. (抑郁会影响一个人的思想，让一切都显得消极和无望。如果抑郁让你只注意到消极的一面，那就努力去注意生活中美好的事情)”说明本段主要讲的是要看到生活中积极的一面，A选项“看到光明的一面”适合作本段的主旨句，进而引出下文。故选A。 Passage 5 For many people, “eat less” backfires (适得其反) because it focuses on reducing calories without addressing how hunger and eating behavior actually work. ____1____ — the weight and physical amount of food on their plate — rather than by counting calories. But when portion sizes reduce dramatically under restrictive diets, meals may leave one feeling hungry. “____2____. Because people tend to have an idea of how much food is appropriate,” says Barbara Rolls, a professor of nutrition sciences at the Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior at Penn State. The problem is compounded (恶化) when those smaller portions are made up of calorie-dense foods — like chips, or heavily processed meals. ____3____. Many ultra-processed foods are also designed to be eaten quickly. They often combine refined (精制的) carbohydrates, fats, and salt in ways that make them highly tasty, while being low in water and fiber. That combination allows people to consume calories rapidly. ____4____. Timing plays a critical role. ____5____. It can take 15 to 20 minutes for stretch receptors in the stomach to register fullness. By then, fast, energy-dense foods may already have delivered hundreds of calories. “That’s part of the reason why “eat less” isn’t just a matter of self-control, because the body is physiologically and psychologically wired to keep eating under these conditions,” says Barbara Rolls. A. I don’t like the “eat less” message B. Thirty minutes for a meal is enough C. I’m telling people to eat better quality D. This occurs before the body has time to respond E. People tend to control how much they eat by volume F. They can pack in substantial energy without taking up much space G. Signals telling the brain you’ve had enough don’t switch on immediately 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. G 【导语】文章主要介绍了为何单纯强调“少吃”的节食建议往往适得其反。 1.根据后文“the weight and physical amount of food on their plate — rather than by counting calories. But when portion sizes reduce dramatically under restrictive diets, meals may leave one feeling hungry. (食物的分量和实际摄入量，而不是通过计算卡路里来衡量。但当节食饮食大幅减少食量时，用餐后可能会让人感到饥饿。)”可知，空后提到人们依据餐盘里食物的重量和实物量判断进食、而非数卡路里，对应E选项“人们倾向于通过食物的分量来控制进食量”，逻辑衔接顺畅。 2.根据后文“Because people tend to have an idea of how much food is appropriate,” says Barbara Rolls, a professor of nutrition sciences at the Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior at Penn State. (“因为人们通常会有一个关于食物摄入量的合理范围的想法，”宾夕法尼亚州立大学人类摄食行为研究实验室营养科学教授芭芭拉·罗尔斯表示。)”可知，后文教授直接表态否定“少吃”口号，because给出心理学依据：人对合适进食量有固有认知，强行少吃就会饥饿。A选项“我不喜欢“少吃”的说法”符合语境。 3. 根据上文“The problem is compounded (恶化) when those smaller portions are made up of calorie-dense foods — like chips, or heavily processed meals. (当这些较小的份量包含高热量食物时，问题就会进一步恶化——比如薯片或加工过度的餐食。)”可知，前文提到小份的高热量密度食物（薯片、深度加工餐）的问题，F选项“它们能在不占太多空间的情况下蕴含大量能量”是对这类高能量密度食物特性的补充说明。 4. 根据上文“Many ultra-processed foods are also designed to be eaten quickly. They often combine refined (精制的) carbohydrates, fats, and salt in ways that make them highly tasty, while being low in water and fiber. That combination allows people to consume calories rapidly. (许多高度加工食品也设计成便于快速食用。它们通常将精制碳水化合物、脂肪和盐以某种方式结合，使其味道鲜美，同时水分和纤维含量较低。这种组合使人们能够迅速摄入热量。)”可知，前文提到这类超加工食品的组合让人们可以快速摄入大量卡路里，D选项“这种情况发生在身体有时间做出（饱腹）反应之前”承接快速摄入热量的结果。 5. 根据后文“It can take 15 to 20 minutes for stretch receptors in the stomach to register fullness. By then, fast, energy-dense foods may already have delivered hundreds of calories. (胃部的伸展感受器可能需要15到20分钟才能感知饱腹感。而在此期间，高热量、可快速食用的高能量密度食物可能已经摄入了数百大卡的热量。)”可知，空后提到胃部的拉伸感受器需要15-20分钟才能传递饱腹信号，G选项“告知大脑已经吃饱的信号不会立刻启动”对应后文的时间差原理，逻辑连贯。 Passage 6 In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. ___1___ The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. ___2___ For instance, office workers frequently eat lunch while replying to emails, and students snack during online classes. This behavior is not limited to any specific age group. Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. ___3___ Studies have shown a correlation between distracted eating and an increased intake of calories, contributing to weight gain and obesity. Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. ___4___ This reduces the overall nutritional quality of the diet, impacting long-term health. The practice of mindful eating, which involves paying full attention to the experience of eating, has been linked to improved mental health outcomes. In contrast, distracted eating can contribute to stress and anxiety, as it reduces the enjoyment and satisfaction of meals. ___5___ Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. As awareness of the issue grows, it is hoped that more people will recognize the benefits of mindful eating and make conscious (自觉的) efforts to enjoy their meals fully and healthily. A. Addressing distracted eating requires conscious effort and lifestyle changes. B. Over time, this habit may weaken the brain’s ability to associate food with satisfaction. C. Eating in response to boredom, rather than genuine hunger, is a frequent consequence of such behavior. D. This shift in eating habits has significant consequences for our health and well-being. E. This can lead to overeating, as individuals are less aware of how much they have consumed. F. People are multitasking more than ever, trying to maximize productivity by combining meal times with other activities. G. Distracted eaters may make poorer food choices, choosing convenience foods that are often high in sugar, fat, and salt. 【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了在快节奏的科技时代，分心进食愈发普遍，其因数字设备和现代生活需求而生。分心进食对身心健康有害，会导致暴饮暴食、消化问题，影响食物选择。而正念饮食有益心理健康。可通过改变生活方式来解决分心进食，人们应重视正念饮食以健康用餐。 1. 根据上文“In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. (在我们这个快节奏、科技驱动的世界里，吃的行为已经从一种用心的练习变成了一种经常匆忙和分心的活动。分心进食的特点是一边吃东西一边看电视、刷智能手机或伏案工作，这种现象正变得越来越普遍。)”可知，上文提到在快节奏、技术驱动的世界里，饮食行为从一种有意识的行为变成了匆忙且分心的活动，分心进食越来越普遍。本句承接上文，指出这种饮食行为的变化会带来不良后果，引出下文对分心进食影响的阐述，故D选项“这种饮食习惯的转变对我们的健康和幸福有重大影响。”符合语境，故选D。 2. 根据上文“The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. (数码设备的普遍存在和现代生活的不断需求导致了分心进食的增加。)”可知，上文指出数字设备的普遍存在和现代生活的持续需求导致了分心进食的增加，本句进一步解释了为什么会出现分心进食，故F选项“人们比以往任何时候都更加一心多用，试图通过把吃饭时间和其他活动结合起来来最大限度地提高效率。”符合语境，故选F。 3. 根据上文“Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. (分心进食对身心健康有几个负面影响。当注意力在吃东西和其他活动之间分散时，识别吃饱的信号就变得很困难。)”可知，上文提到当注意力分散在进食和其他活动之间时，很难识别饱腹感信号，本句说明这种难以识别饱腹感信号的结果是过度进食，故E选项“这可能会导致暴饮暴食，因为人们很少意识到自己吃了多少。”符合语境，故选E。 4. 根据上文“Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. (分心时吃东西会损害消化。身体需要处于放松状态才能正常消化，但多任务处理会造成轻微的压力，影响消化过程。这会导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。)”可知，上文提到分心进食会影响消化，导致不适、腹胀和其他胃肠道问题。本句进一步说明了分心进食在食物选择方面的不良影响，与上文一起阐述分心进食的负面效应，故G选项“分心的食客可能会做出更糟糕的食物选择，他们会选择高糖、高脂肪和高盐的方便食品。”符合语境，故选G。 5.根据后文“Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. (创建特定的用餐区域，远离电子设备和与工作相关的材料，有助于在用餐时间和其他活动之间建立清晰的界限。建立并遵循规律的用餐时间可以减少在一心多用时吃猫的诱惑。这鼓励了一种更有条理的饮食方式。专注于食物的感官体验——它的味道、质地和香气，从而专心进食。这样可以增加用餐的乐趣，提高饱腹感。)”可知，下文提到创造特定的进食区域，建立和遵循规律的用餐时间等改变生活方式的措施来解决分心进食的问题。故A选项“解决进食分心问题需要有意识的努力和生活方式的改变。”符合语境，故选A。 考点2 音乐·艺术与成长（共7题） Passage 1 A recent study found people with hobbies reported fewer signs of depression and greater health, happiness than those without hobbies. ___1___ Here are several ideas for how to use them to your advantage. For people who get physically active, the effects can be far-reaching. Running is known to improve cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness. Meanwhile, research shows it improves children’s grades and prevents depression greatly. ___2___ Like running, swimming improves cardiovascular health and lung capacity. Time in the water can reduce mood disorders and strengthen memory function. Moreover, while swimmers and joggers lived a few years longer, tennis players survived by almost a decade. ___3___ Diet, like exercise, is basic to good health. Preparing meals at home is an effective way. Kids who garden develop green fingers and life skills, becoming more focused and confident. After you harvest fresh vegetables together, it’s time to enter the kitchen. Research shows cooking — following recipes, measuring ingredients, multitasking — reduces stress and inspires memory. Plus, here is good news for art lovers. According to one study, most participants felt more confident after making art for as little as 45 minutes. Another related study found painting greatly lowered participants’ levels of stress. ___4___ Music therapy is known to improve patients’ concentration and reduce pain or tiredness. Simply stepping outdoors is one of the best things you can do. Nature has the power to reduce risks of mental illness and improve people’s creative thinking and memory performances. A research proved time in green spaces such as forests and rivers has healing power and strengthens the immune system.___5___ Then go home and put on some favorite music while you cook up dinner with your kids. Call it a day of healthy hobbies. A. Guide your kids from the garden to the kitchen table. B. In all, develop your hobbies and make full use of them. C. However, music has a positive influence on overall health. D. Playing or listening to music can also strengthen one’s health. E. Also, the research recommended some especially healthy choices. F. So, take an evening or a weekend walk in the woods or around a lake. G. Swimming is another whole-body exercise suitable for people of all ages. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. A 4. D 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是爱好对个人健康和幸福的积极影响，以及如何通过参与不同类型的活动来促进身心健康和发展。 1. 根据空前的“A recent study found people with hobbies reported fewer signs of depression and greater health, happiness than those without hobbies.(最近的一项研究发现，有爱好的人比没有爱好的人更少有抑郁的迹象，更健康、更快乐)”可知，研究发现，有业余爱好比没有爱好的人更快乐、更健康，结合下文的“Here are several ideas for how to use them to your advantage.(这里有一些如何利用它们的方法)”可知，此处指出下文要讲述利用这些业余爱好，由此可知，此空应承上启下，E选项“Also, the research recommended some especially healthy choices.(此外，该研究还推荐了一些特别健康的选择)”中的research指的是上文中的A recent study，且空后的them指代的是该选项中的healthy choices，并引出下文中讲述的内容，符合语境。故选E项。 2. 根据下文的“Like running, swimming improves cardiovascular health and lung capacity.(和跑步一样，游泳可以改善心血管健康和肺活量)”可知，此处指出游泳的好处，由此可推断，此空应引出游泳这项运动，G选项“Swimming is another whole-body exercise suitable for people of all ages.(游泳是另一种适合所有年龄人群的全身运动)”引出下文讲述的游泳的好处，符合语境。故选G项。 3. 分析语篇，此处应是本段讲述的主题句，结合空后的“Diet, like exercise, is basic to good health.(饮食和运动一样，是健康的基础)”可知，本段讲述的内容应与饮食相关，A选项“Guide your kids from the garden to the kitchen table.(引导你的孩子从花园走向餐桌)”讲述的内容与饮食习惯相关，概括了本段的主题，符合语境。故选A项。 4. 根据下文的“Music therapy is known to improve patients’ concentration and reduce pain or tiredness.(众所周知，音乐疗法可以提高患者的注意力，减轻疼痛或疲劳)”可知，此处介绍的是音乐给人们带来的好处，所以此空应引出音乐，D选项“Playing or listening to music can also strengthen one’s health.(演奏或听音乐也可以增强一个人的健康)”指出了演奏或听音乐有助于健康，引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。 5. 根据上文的“A research proved time in green spaces such as forests and rivers has healing power and strengthens the immune system.(一项研究证明，在森林和河流等绿色空间中度过的时间具有治愈力，并能增强免疫系统)”可知，研究表明，在森林和河流等绿色空间中度过的时间有治愈作用，F选项“So, take an evening or a weekend walk in the woods or around a lake.(所以，晚上或周末到树林里或湖边散步)”讲述的内容与上文的内容吻合，且与上文讲述的内容为因果关系，与下文的“Then go home and put on some favorite music while you cook up dinner with your kids.(然后回家，放一些你最喜欢的音乐，和你的孩子一起做饭)”衔接，其中的then为解题关键信息，且总结了上文中讲述的几种爱好相关的内容：聆听音乐和做饭，符合语境。故选F项。 第3小题，容易误选 C 或 D「与音乐相关」的选项。 考生读到上一段"art、painting、music therapy"后再看到段首空，易惯性选音乐类选项；但本空后紧接着的是 Diet, like exercise, is basic to good health 与 guide your kids from the garden to the kitchen table，话题已切换到"饮食"，应选 A。七选五中，段首空必须以本段后续内容为准，不能被上一段话题"带跑"。故选 A。 Passage 2 Do you enjoy entertainment (使快乐) an audience, love music and know how to use technology? ____1____ DJs, or disc jockeys, are artists who create memorable musical experiences for audiences. Whether working on the radio, at a club or for special events, a DJ must entertain listeners. ____2____ They must not only know various kinds of music but also select music to suit different events and audiences. DJs must be confident in skillfully guiding their listeners through an enjoyable experience using music. ____3____ So DJs must be capable of using computers and music-mixing software. DJs must also be ready to think on their feet when their equipment does not work properly. Finally, DJs must be good at working with people and organizations so that they can get more DJing opportunities. If you dream of becoming a DJ, there are some key steps to follow. First, decide if DJing is just a hobby or your future career. ____4____ What skills do you already have? What skills do you need to develop? Listen to many styles of music, and start building your music playlists. Buy basic music-mixing software, and practice creating a continuous flow of music. As you improve, develop your style, and record your mixes. Post your mixes online to get followers, and make connections with other DJs to learn from them. Experience is key! Volunteer to DJ for local events and on radio stations. Build relationships with organizations, and offer your DJ services. ____5____ A. DJs need a particular skill set. B. Technology is a big part of the job. C. There are several challenges of being a DJ. D. If so, DJing might be a great career for you. E. We have to decide what type of DJ you want to become. F. This will help you know how much time and money to put into it. G. The more people know about you, the more chances you'll get to DJ. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. F 5. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成为DJ所需的技能、成为DJ的步骤以及如何获得更多DJ机会。 1. 上文“Do you enjoy entertainment an audience, love music and know how to use technology?(你喜欢娱乐观众吗？热爱音乐吗？知道如何使用科技吗？)”提出了关于喜欢音乐的三个问题，D选项“如果是这样，DJ对你来说可能是个很棒的职业。”承接上文问题，if so与上文的问题相呼应，形成顺接关系，符合语境。故选D。 2. 下文“They must not only know various kinds of music but also select music to suit different events and audiences. DJs must be confident in skillfully guiding their listeners through an enjoyable experience using music.(他们不仅必须了解各种类型的音乐，而且还必须选择适合不同场合和观众的音乐。DJ必须自信地通过音乐巧妙地引导听众享受愉快的体验)”列举了DJ需要的多种技能，A选项“DJ需要一套特定的技能。”是对下文内容的概括，与下文形成总分关系，符合语境。故选A。 3. 下文“So DJs must be capable of using computers and music-mixing software. DJs must also be ready to think on their feet when their equipment does not work properly.(所以DJ必须会使用电脑和音乐混音软件。当设备出现故障时，DJ还必须能随机应变)”强调了技术的重要性，B选项“技术是这份工作的重要组成部分。”解释了为什么DJ需要掌握这些技术，与下文形成因果关系，符合语境。故选B。 4. 上文“If you dream of becoming a DJ, there are some key steps to follow. First, decide if DJing is just a hobby or your future career.(如果你梦想成为一名DJ，有一些关键步骤需要遵循。首先，决定做DJ只是一个爱好还是你未来的职业)”提到要明确DJ的定位，F选项“这将帮助你知道要投入多少时间和金钱。”说明这样做的作用，与前文为顺承关系，This指代上文decide if DJing is just a hobby or your future career，符合语境。故选F。 5. 上文“Post your mixes online to get followers, and make connections with other DJs to learn from them. Experience is key! Volunteer to DJ for local events and on radio stations. Build relationships with organizations, and offer your DJ services.(在网上发布你的混音作品以获得粉丝，并与其他DJ建立联系，向他们学习。经验是关键！自愿为当地活动和电台做DJ。与机构建立关系，提供DJ服务)”表明要推广自己、建立人脉，G选项“越多的人了解你，你获得DJ工作的机会就越多。”点明了这样做的目的和好处，是对上文的合理总结和升华，符合语境。故选G。 Passage 3 Music’s role is much more than entertainment. Scientific studies show it activates nearly every brain region and keeps lots of brain networks strong, including those networks about emotion, happiness, movement and learning. ____1____ For example, hospitals use calming music to ease patients’ anxiety before operation, which proves music can touch emotions beyond words. Neuroscientists find that familiar songs set off dopamine (多巴胺) release, creating natural joy without medication. Music also builds bridges where words fail. At global events like the Olympics, national anthems (国歌) unite audience, stirring up strong emotional resonance (共鸣). ____2____ The result turned out as expected. Researchers from MIT found that singing in a choir may reduce loneliness and increase interest in life among diverse older adults, including those with Alzheimer’s disease who lost some memory. ____3____ Studies showed that music therapy can help older adults with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders improve their walking and reduce falls. Music improves the performance in study. ____4____ More surprisingly, language learners mastering vocabulary through song lyrics progressed 30% faster than traditional methods. Students learning art report higher productivity with background instrumental music — brainwave synchronization explains this boost. Everyone can access its benefits without training. Try exploring free music apps, sharing meaningful songs with friends, or attending local concerts. Even singing softly to yourself when stressed can lower blood pressure. ____5____ Its power is everywhere, ready for you to find and use. A. Music helps the old people feel much happier. B. Music even shows promise in preventing injury. C. Music provides emotional benefits in many ways. D. Doctors often play soft music to relax the patients. E. As Plato noted, “Music gives soul to the universe.” F. Students listening to classical pieces show 20% better concentration. G. Scientists examined whether music could improve old people’s well-being. 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. B 4. F 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐在多个方面对人类的好处，包括情感、健康、学习和社交等。 1. 下文“For example, hospitals use calming music to ease patients’ anxiety before operation, which proves music can touch emotions beyond words.(例如，医院在手术前使用舒缓的音乐来缓解病人的焦虑，这证明了音乐可以触动言语无法表达的情感)”举例说明了音乐在情感上的益处，C选项“Music provides emotional benefits in many ways.(音乐在许多方面提供情感上的益处)”概括了下文的内容，且与首段“Music’s role is much more than entertainment. Scientific studies show it activates nearly every brain region and keeps lots of brain networks strong, including those networks about emotion, happiness, movement and learning.(音乐的作用不仅仅是娱乐。科学研究表明，它能激活几乎所有大脑区域，并保持许多大脑网络的强健，包括与情感、幸福、运动和学习相关的网络)”相呼应，进一步强调了音乐在情感方面的作用。故选C项。 2. 下文“The result turned out as expected. Researchers from MIT found that singing in a choir may reduce loneliness and increase interest in life among diverse older adults, including those with Alzheimer’s disease who lost some memory.(结果正如预期的那样。麻省理工学院的研究人员发现，在合唱团唱歌可以减少不同老年人的孤独感，增加他们对生活的兴趣，包括那些失去部分记忆的阿尔茨海默病患者)”描述了科学家们对音乐能否改善老年人福祉的研究结果，G选项“Scientists examined whether music could improve old people’s well-being.(科学家们研究了音乐是否能改善老年人的福祉)”引出了下文的研究内容，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 3. 下文“Studies showed that music therapy can help older adults with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders improve their walking and reduce falls.(研究表明，音乐疗法可以帮助患有帕金森病和其他运动障碍的老年人改善行走并减少跌倒)”描述了音乐疗法在预防老年人受伤方面的作用，B选项“Music even shows promise in preventing injury.(音乐甚至在预防受伤方面显示出潜力)”概括了下文的内容，且与上文“Researchers from MIT found that singing in a choir may reduce loneliness and increase interest in life among diverse older adults, including those with Alzheimer’s disease who lost some memory.(麻省理工学院的研究人员发现，在合唱团唱歌可以减少不同老年人的孤独感，增加他们对生活的兴趣，包括那些失去部分记忆的阿尔茨海默病患者)”形成并列关系，都是说明音乐对老年人的好处。故选B项。 4. 上文“Music improves the performance in study.(音乐提高学习表现)”提出了音乐对学习的好处，F选项“Students listening to classical pieces show 20% better concentration.(听古典音乐的学生注意力更集中，提高了20%)”举例说明了音乐如何提高学习表现，即听古典音乐的学生注意力更集中，与上文语意连贯。故选F项。 5. 上文“Try exploring free music apps, sharing meaningful songs with friends, or attending local concerts. Even singing softly to yourself when stressed can lower blood pressure.(尝试探索免费的音乐应用程序，与朋友分享有意义的歌曲，或参加当地的音乐会。即使在压力大的时候轻声唱歌也能降低血压)”列举了一些享受音乐益处的方法，E选项“As Plato noted, “Music gives soul to the universe.” (正如柏拉图所说，“音乐赋予宇宙灵魂。”)”用柏拉图的名言总结了音乐的力量和重要性，与上文内容相呼应，且下文中“Its power”指代音乐的力量，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 Passage 4 For high school students, free time is a precious gift that should be cherished. ____1____ Many students fall into aimless scrolling through social media or end up feeling bored and unfulfilled. But it doesn’t have to be this way. We can turn these spare moments into meaningful and rewarding time — one that enriches our lives, promotes personal growth, and brings us joy, not just keeps us busy with useless tasks. ____2____ For example, to improve English, you can plan to read one short English article or learn 10 new words every day. Specific goals not only avoid aimlessness but also give your spare time a clear direction and purpose. When you know exactly what you want to achieve, every minute counts. Also, focus on activities that bring you joy and help you grow. ____3____ Whether it’s painting, playing an instrument, or coding, these hobbies not only relax your mind but also develop your creativity and practical skills, making your free time more fulfilling. The key is to find something that challenges you just enough to keep you engaged without causing stress. Learning to say “no” to unimportant things also matters a lot. ____4____ Many students feel pressured to join every social event or help others with trivial tasks, which ends up wasting their precious free time. Politely declining these invitations frees up more time for what truly matters to you. Remember, your time is limited, and you cannot please everyone while still taking care of yourself. ____5____ So start your plan now and make every free moment meaningful. A. An important step is to set achievable goals for your free time. B. This way, your free time becomes a source of genuine fulfillment. C. You don’t have to fill every minute of your free time with activities. D. This skill allows you to prioritize your own needs over others’ demands. E. It is important to balance productivity with relaxation in your free time. F. You can take up a hobby that challenges you while bringing satisfaction. G. Yet in reality, these hours often slip through our fingers before we notice. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. B 【导语】文章主要介绍了高中生如何将空闲时间变得更有意义，包括设定目标、培养爱好和学会拒绝。 1. 上文“For high school students, free time is a precious gift that should be cherished.(对高中生来说，空闲时间是应该珍惜的宝贵礼物)”指出空闲时间的宝贵价值，G选项“Yet in reality, these hours often slip through our fingers before we notice.(然而在现实中，这些时间常常在我们还没察觉时就溜走了)”与上文构成转折关系，指出理想与现实的差距——宝贵的时间往往被浪费；下文“Many students fall into aimless scrolling through social media or end up feeling bored and unfulfilled.(许多学生陷入无目的地刷社交媒体，或者最终感到无聊和不满足)”具体描述了时间被浪费的表现，与G选项中的“slip through our fingers”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 2. 设空处位于段落开头，是该段的主题句。下文“For example, to improve English, you can plan to read one short English article or learn 10 new words every day. Specific goals not only avoid aimlessness but also give your spare time a clear direction and purpose.(例如，为了提高英语，你可以计划每天读一篇简短的英文文章或学习10个新单词。具体的目标不仅能避免漫无目的，还能给你的空闲时间带来明确的方向和目的)”建议设定具体目标来利用空闲时间，A选项“An important step is to set achievable goals for your free time.(重要的一步是为你的空闲时间设定可实现的目标)”准确概括了本段主旨，引出下文关于设定具体目标的说明，其中“achievable goals”与下文的“Specific goals”相呼应，符合段落主题句的功能。 3. 上文“Also, focus on activities that bring you joy and help you grow.(此外，专注于那些能带给你快乐并帮助你成长的活动)”建议选择有益且有趣的活动，F选项“You can take up a hobby that challenges you while bringing satisfaction.(你可以培养一个既能挑战自己又能带来满足感的爱好)”承接上文，具体说明了什么样的活动符合这一要求；下文“Whether it’s painting, playing an instrument, or coding, these hobbies not only relax your mind but also develop your creativity and practical skills...(无论是绘画、演奏乐器还是编程，这些爱好不仅能放松你的心情，还能培养你的创造力和实用技能...)”举例说明了F选项中提到的“hobby”的具体类型及其益处，上下文语意连贯。 4. 上文“Learning to say “no” to unimportant things also matters a lot.(学会对不重要的事情说“不”也很重要)”指出拒绝不重要事务的重要性，D选项“This skill allows you to prioritize your own needs over others’ demands.(这项技能让你能够将自己的需求置于他人的要求之上)”承接上文，解释学会说“不”这一技能的核心作用；下文“Many students feel pressured to join every social event or help others with trivial tasks, which ends up wasting their precious free time.(许多学生感到有压力去参加每一个社交活动或帮助别人做琐碎的事情，这最终浪费了他们宝贵的空闲时间)”说明了缺乏这一技能带来的后果，与D选项形成对比，进一步论证学会说“不”的必要性，上下文语意连贯。 5. 上文“Politely declining these invitations frees up more time for what truly matters to you. Remember, your time is limited, and you cannot please everyone while still taking care of yourself.(礼貌地拒绝这些邀请能为你真正重要的事情腾出更多时间。记住，你的时间是有限的，你不可能在照顾好自己同时取悦每一个人)”总结了珍惜时间、学会取舍的道理，B选项“This way, your free time becomes a source of genuine fulfillment.(这样一来，你的空闲时间就会成为真正满足感的来源)”承接上文，说明按照上述原则管理时间后的积极结果——空闲时间带来真正的满足感，其中“This way”指代上文提到的学会拒绝、优先照顾自己的做法，上下文逻辑一致。 Passage 5 Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___1__ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___2__ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. ___3__ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___4__ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___5__ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965). G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. G 5. E 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了披头士乐队的成功引领了摇滚乐等一系列新的潮流趋势。 1.第一段讲述摇滚音乐，根据空后的at that time可知，前句提到了时间，而且与rock music有关，选项中只有C项讲的是摇滚音乐，并且讲述了其发展的时间，故选C。 2.空前后都是讲述披头士的出名程度，根据空前extremely popular in England以及后文的they became the hottest thing可知，此处描述了他们的影响，选项B（甚至他们的发型在那时也成为了一种潮流）符合文意，且关键词even是一个提示，故选B。 3.根据空后They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.（他们不确定美国人怎样反应），可知他们首次来美国演出，所以A项（决定首次到美国开巡回演出）符合文意，故选A。 4. 根据空后The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time.可知，前句中应该出现concert，选项G中的关键词their first concert 前后呼应。故选G。 5. 根据空前（由于披头士，市场上出现了很多新面孔），E项（很多摇滚乐队都是模仿披头士），符合逻辑，披头士乐队为摇滚乐开拓了市场。故选E。 Passage 6 For most of my life, I always treated taste as fixed. When I moved to London, I threw myself into work while my housemates were endlessly trying new things. My automatic “no” to anything that “wasn’t my thing” only kept me trapped in the same daily routine. That left me feeling flat and a little empty. I began to question whether my taste is fixed or could be trained. I once read that children need eight to fifteen tries to accept a new food. ___1___ I decided to start small. When a friend invited me to a book club, I resisted the instinct (本能) to dismiss it despite my longstanding dislike of reading and went anyway. ___2___ Now I spend mornings reading physical books instead of wandering aimlessly. Then came music and performance — all things I had previously disregarded. ___3___ Gradually, I became fascinated by the unfamiliar rhythms and movements and felt proud of my survival in the end. ___4___ However, I stopped saying no before I had even begun. Most recently, I tried out my local library’s chess club. I was easily 30 years younger than everyone else, but that didn’t matter. Sitting opposite people with wildly different life stories made me realize how rarely I speak with other generations. We talked about their past careers, local news and new chess moves. Interestingly, I felt more connected there than with people of my age. Research suggests that engaging your curiosity in new activities can help protect against age - related cognitive (认知的) decline. ___5___ Getting outside my comfort zone now gives me a rush. A. Yet, I was eager for engagement. B. I didn’t love everything straight away. C. For me, it is far more than brain health. D. Initially, I was awkward and sometimes confused. E. As expected, new tastes rarely come without discomfort. F. To my surprise, I enjoyed the discussion and the people there. G. Why shouldn’t the same principle apply to social activities for adults? 【答案】1. G 2. F 3. D 4. B 5. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者过去固守固有喜好、生活单调空虚，后来效仿儿童尝试新事物的道理，主动参与读书、音乐、象棋等活动，收获快乐与归属感，也认识到尝试新事物意义远超健康本身。 1. 前文“I once read that children need eight to fifteen tries to accept a new food.( 我曾经读到过，孩子需要八到十五次尝试才能接受一种新的食物。)”提到儿童需要多次尝试才能接受新食物，后文“I decided to start small. When a friend invited me to a book club, I resisted the instinct (本能) to dismiss it despite my longstanding dislike of reading and went anyway.( 我决定从小事做起。当一个朋友邀请我参加一个读书俱乐部时，尽管我长期以来一直讨厌阅读，但我还是抑制住了拒绝的冲动，还是去了。)”作者开始尝试新的社交活动，G选项“Why shouldn’t the same principle apply to social activities for adults?( 为什么同样的原则不能适用于成年人的社交活动呢？)”将“食物接受原理”类比到成人社交活动，形成逻辑衔接。故选G项。 2. 前文“When a friend invited me to a book club, I resisted the instinct to dismiss it despite my longstanding dislike of reading and went anyway.( 当一个朋友邀请我参加读书俱乐部时，尽管我长期以来一直讨厌阅读，但我还是抑制住了拒绝的冲动，还是去了。)”提到作者本不喜欢阅读却参加了读书俱乐部，后文“Now I spend mornings reading physical books instead of wandering aimlessly.( 现在，我早上会花时间阅读实体书籍，而不是漫无目的地闲逛。)”提到如今养成晨读习惯，此处应说明意外地喜欢上了读书俱乐部的氛围。F选项“To my surprise, I enjoyed the discussion and the people there.( 让我惊讶的是，我享受了这次讨论以及那里的每一个人。)”符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 3. 前文“Then came music and performance — all things I had previously disregarded. (接下来是音乐和表演——这些都是我之前不屑一顾的东西。)”作者尝试此前忽视的音乐和表演，后文“Gradually, I became fascinated by the unfamiliar rhythms and movements and felt proud of my survival in the end.( 逐渐地，我对那些陌生的节奏和动作产生了兴趣，并最终为自己的坚持感到自豪。)”“Gradually（逐渐地）”体现从生疏到适应的过程，此处应描述初期的窘迫与困惑。D选项“Initially, I was awkward and sometimes confused.( 起初，我感到有些笨拙和困惑。)”符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。 4. 后文“However, I stopped saying no before I had even begun.( 然而，在我甚至还没开始之前，我就不再说“不”了。)”“However”表转折，说明作者不再轻易拒绝新事物，前文应体现不会立刻爱上所有新事物的客观事实。B选项“I didn’t love everything straight away.( 我并非一开始就喜欢上所有的东西。)”符合此推断，和下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选B项。 5.前文“Research suggests that engaging your curiosity in new activities can help protect against age - related cognitive (认知的) decline.( 研究表明，对新活动保持好奇心有助于预防与年龄相关的认知能力下降。)”提到新活动利于大脑认知健康，后文“Getting outside my comfort zone now gives me a rush.( 现在走出自己的舒适区让我感到兴奋不已。)”强调走出舒适区带来的精神愉悦，说明意义远超大脑健康本身。C选项“For me, it is far more than brain health.( 对我而言，这远不止关乎大脑健康。)”起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 7 Creative expression, particularly through learning and making music, greatly improves well-being and meaning in later life, promoting mental, emotional, and even physical health as people age. For older adults, activities like attending a songwriting workshop or joining a chorus go beyond mere leisure. They become a pathway to what Aristotle called “eudaemonia”, a life well-lived. ___1___ Music offers a unique way for such meaningfulness, which often grows from deep connection. Whether it is the dedication to mastering an instrument, the excitement of creating music on the spot, or the sweetness of listening to a familiar tune, older adults do not engage in music as lone individuals. ___2___ Such meaningful involvement can even turn musical tools — a piano, a violin, or a digital device — into extensions of the person. ___3___ This reflects the saying, “You are what you do.” Some famous musicians travel with their own instruments, which proves how deeply music can shape personal identity. ___4___ As dancer Twyla Tharp remarked, “Art is the only way to run away without leaving home.” The emotional uplift indirectly supports health by boosting memory, lowering stress, and strengthening social ties — all crucial for aging well. Deep engagement in music adds meaning to later life, bringing happiness through creativity and commitment. ___5___ Actually, music enriches lives at every age, so promoting creative expression through it should be a central aim in education and enrichment for everyone. A. It’s mostly the result of external entertainment. B. Becoming a “musician” is thus a worthy goal for older adults. C. They bond with others, culture, and their own growing sense of self. D. The more often one plays an instrument, the greater joy one may gain. E. Creative musical experience also provides an escape from daily routines. F. With skill and regular practice, the instrument becomes part of who one is. G. This is not brief pleasure, but lasting happiness that comes from living meaningfully. 【答案】1. G 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐创作和参与能提升老年人幸福感与意义感，促进身心健康；通过乐器练习和社群联结，实现亚里士多德所说的“美好生活”，值得作为终身教育核心目标。 1. 根据上文“For older adults, activities like attending a songwriting workshop or joining a chorus go beyond mere leisure. They become a pathway to what Aristotle called “eudaemonia”, a life well-lived.(对于老年人而言，参加歌曲创作工作坊或加入合唱团等活动的意义远不止是休闲娱乐。它们成为了一条通往亚里士多德所称的‘幸福生活’，即：一种有意义的生活的途径)”可知，本段主要是讲老年人参加音乐相关活动可以提升幸福感。由此可知，G. This is not brief pleasure, but lasting happiness that comes from living meaningfully. (这并非短暂的快乐，而是源自有意义生活的持久幸福)符合语境。故选G项。 2. 根据上文“Music offers a unique way for such meaningfulness, which often grows from deep connection. Whether it is the dedication to mastering an instrument, the excitement of creating music on the spot, or the sweetness of listening to a familiar tune, older adults do not engage in music as lone individuals. (音乐提供了一种独特的方式来实现这种意义，这种意义往往源于深厚的联系。无论是致力于精通一种乐器、即兴创作音乐的兴奋感，还是聆听熟悉的旋律时的愉悦感，老年人并非独自一人参与音乐活动)”可知，本段主要讲老人参与音乐活动时不是独自一人，而是会和他人联系。由此可知，C. They bond with others, culture, and their own growing sense of self.(他们与他人、文化以及自己不断成长的自我产生了联系)符合语境。故选C项。 3. 根据上文“Such meaningful involvement can even turn musical tools — a piano, a violin, or a digital device — into extensions of the person.(这种有意义的参与甚至可以使音乐工具——钢琴、小提琴或数字设备——成为个人的延伸)”及下文“This reflects the saying, ‘You are what you do.’”（这印证了那句老话：“你就是你所做之事。”）可知，学习演奏乐器可以影响演奏者的性格。由此可知，F. With skill and regular practice, the instrument becomes part of who one is.(凭借技巧和定期练习，乐器会成为一个人的一部分)符合语境。故选F项。 4. 该空为段首句，应概括下文内容。根据下文“As dancer Twyla Tharp remarked, ‘Art is the only way to run away without leaving home.’ The emotional uplift indirectly supports health by boosting memory, lowering stress, and strengthening social ties — all crucial for aging well.(正如舞蹈家特瓦拉·特帕所说：艺术是唯一无需离开家就能逃离现实的方式。’这种情感上的振奋能间接促进健康，提升记忆力、减轻压力，并加强社会联系——这些都是延年益寿所必需的要素)”可知，本段主要讲学习音乐等艺术形式可以使人逃离现实生活中的烦恼，缓解压力。由此可知，E. Creative musical experience also provides an escape from daily routines.(富有创意的音乐体验还能让人暂时摆脱日常的繁琐事务)符合语境。故选E项。 5. 根据上文“Deep engagement in music adds meaning to later life, bringing happiness through creativity and commitment.(对音乐的深度投入能让晚年生活更有意义，通过创造力和投入感带来快乐)”可知，作者认为深入学习音乐使老年人的生活更有意义，也能带来快乐。由此可知，B. Becoming a “musician” is thus a worthy goal for older adults.(因此，对于老年人来说，成为“音乐人”是一个值得追求的目标)符合语境，建议老年人学习音乐。故选B项。 考点3 传媒与网络生活（共3题） Passage 1 Using data collected from an online game, my colleagues and I could analyse how over 850,000 people learned to play. ___1___ For the first time it showed detailedly the shape of the learning curve, allowing us to test existing theories of learning, and suggesting some new ideas on the best ways to learn. Space your practice Our analysis showed people leaving longer gaps between practice attempts tend to score higher. In fact, the longer, the higher. Our finding confirms lots of other researches: if you are to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming (临时抱佛脚). ___2___ But if you are organized enough, you can spend less time revising and remember more. ___3___ Our theory is that these people are exploring how the game works at the beginning, rather than trying to get the very highest score they can every time. The moral is clear: invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run. Practise the thing you’ll be tested on ___4___ If your exam involves writing, you need to practise essay-writing. Just memorizing the material is not enough. Playing an online game is a skill, so is writing exam answers. You have to practise making them so that you can better master them. Structure information rather than remembering it Trying to remember has almost no effect on whether you do remember it at all. The implication for revision is clear. ___5___ Instead, you need to reorganize the information in the approach called depth of processing — a useful way to ensure material gets rooted in your memory, such as thinking about how what you’re reading relates to other material, or practising writing answers, etc. A. This is easier said than done. B. Make sure you fail occasionally. C. Balance revision with leisure time. D. Just looking at your notes won’t help you learn them. E. The resulting scientific paper has just been published in Psychology. F. The big mistake many students make is not practising what they will be tested on. G. Practising scanning information is one of the best ways to ensure you remember it. 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. B 4. F 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是作者和同事通过网络游戏收集来的数据，对逾 850000 位游戏玩家练就游戏技巧进行分析，进而检测现行学习理论和提出新的可行学习方法。 1. 根据空后“For the first time it showed detailedly the shape of the learning curve, allowing us to test existing theories of learning, and suggesting some new ideas on the best ways to learn. (它第一次详细地展示了学习曲线的形状，使我们能够测试现有的学习理论，并提出一些关于最佳学习方式的新想法)”可知，此处讲述的研究成果的重大意义，指示代词 it 指代的是研究成果。由此可知，空处应讲述研究成果，选项E.“最终的科学论文刚刚发表在《心理学》杂志上。”符合语境。故选E。 2. 前文“Our analysis showed people leaving longer gaps between practice attempts tend to score higher. In fact, the longer, the higher. Our finding confirms lots of other researches: if you are to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming (临时抱佛脚). (我们的分析显示，人们在练习之间留下的间隔越长，得分就越高。事实上，间隔越长，得分就越高。我们的发现证实了许多其他的研究：如果你想有效地学习，你应该分散你的复习而不是临时抱佛脚)”提出了有效学习的方法是分散学习而不是临时抱佛脚，所以空后应承接前文讲述这条建议对于学生意味着什么。由此可知，选项A.“说起来容易做起来难。”符合语境。代词this指代前文讲述的方法。故选A。 3. 根据下文“The moral is clear: invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run. (道理很清楚：如果你想从长远来看最大化学习，投入一些时间尝试一些事情，这可能意味着偶尔会失败)”可知，投入一些时间尝试一些事情，可能意味着偶尔的失败，但从长远看这是最大化的学校。作为段落标题，应该着重论述偶尔失败是可行的。由此可知，选项B.“确保你偶尔失败。”符合语境。故选B。 4. 根据本段标题“Practise the thing you’ll be tested on(练习你要测试的东西)”可知，本段讲述要对测试的内容进行练习。选项F.“许多学生犯的最大错误就是没有练习他们将要接受考试的内容。”提到了多数学生的错误在于不练习他们测试的内容，肯定了练习对于测试的意义，与段落标题一致，符合语境。故选F。 5. 根据本段标题“Structure information rather than remembering it(构造信息而不是记住它)”可知，本段讲述组织加工信息。空后“Instead, you need to reorganize the information in the approach called depth of processing — a useful way to ensure material gets rooted in your memory, such as thinking about how what you’re reading relates to other material, or practising writing answers, etc. (相反，你需要重新组织信息，这种方法叫做深度处理——这是一种有用的方法，可以确保材料植根于你的记忆中，比如思考你正在阅读的材料与其他材料的关系，或者练习写答案等等)”可知，运用深加工方法可以确保记忆更深刻牢固；所以空前的内容提到的方法不行。由此可知，选项D.“只是看看你的笔记并不能帮助你学习它们。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 How to handle changes in your friendship group? Friends are important. From time to time, however, the balance in friendships can change. One of the biggest reasons is that someone new joins the group. ____1____ The good news is that there are ways to navigate the ups and downs of friendships while remaining part of a positive, happy, and supportive circle. Keep an open mind Changes in friendship groups can be unsettling, especially if everything had been going well beforehand. You might be concerned things feel awkward or different, or that you might become jealous if a new person joins your circle. ____2____ You can’t stop your friends having new people in their lives, so try to see encounters with fresh faces as an exciting opportunity. Widen your circle If your best friends seem to stop being interested in you and appear to be investing all their time in a new friend, take time to think about the situation before rushing to confront（对峙）them. ____3____ Having different friends is a positive thing, so if it’s the case that they’re welcoming new people into the fold, try to make peace with it and think about how you can make other friends, too. ____4____ Recognize that they and you will have a mixture of pals and they’ll enhance your life in different ways. Know your worth Friends are amazing and can carry you through good and bad times, but you’re not defined by others, and you deserve people who want to be in your life. Everyone changes, and there might come a time when friends no longer wish to spend time with you. ____5____ Keep your head held high, walk tall, and stay true to your authentic self. Remember that real friends value you for who and what you are. A. Help your friends be open-minded. B. Imagine how you’d feel if you were left alone. C. This doesn’t mean giving up on your best friends. D. Even if you can’t change their minds, you can keep your dignity. E. Remind yourself that friendships develop throughout life - it’s natural. F. You might dislike the change, wishing things had stayed as they were. G. Ask yourself if they’re really ignoring you or just widening their circle? 【答案】1. F 2. E 3. G 4. C 5. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何处理朋友圈的变化。 1.根据前文“From time to time, however, the balance in friendships can change. One of the biggest reasons is that someone new joins the group.”（然而，友谊的平衡有时会改变。最大的原因之一是有新人加入小组。）可知，选项承接上文说明你对变化的态度。故F选项“你可能不喜欢这种变化，希望事情保持原样”切题。故选F项。 2. 根据前文“You might be concerned things feel awkward or different, or that you might become jealous if a new person joins your circle.”（你可能会担心事情变得尴尬或不同，或者如果有新人加入你的圈子，你可能会嫉妒。）可知，选项承接上文说明看待友谊的态度是什么样的。故E选项“提醒自己，友谊贯穿一生——这是很自然的。”切题。故选E项。 3. 根据前文“If your best friends seem to stop being interested in you and appear to be investing all their time in a new friend, take time to think about the situation before rushing to confront them.”（如果你的好朋友似乎对你失去了兴趣，并且似乎把所有时间都花在了一个新朋友身上，在急于对峙他们之前，花点时间思考一下这种情况。）可知，在问之前要反思。故G选项“问问自己，他们是真的忽视你，还是只是在扩大他们的圈子”）切题。故选G。 4. 根据前文“Having different friends is a positive thing, so if it’s the case that they’re welcoming new people into the fold, try to make peace with it and think about how you can make other friends, too.”（拥有不同的朋友是一件积极的事情，所以如果他们正在欢迎新人加入，试着与之和解，并考虑你如何也能结交其他朋友。）可知，选项承接上文继续解释其行为所代表的意义。C选项“这并不意味着放弃你的好朋友”切题。故选C。 5. 根据前文“Everyone changes, and there might come a time when friends no longer wish to spend time with you.”（每个人都会改变，可能会有朋友不再愿意和你在一起的时刻。）以及下文“Keep your head held high, walk tall, and stay true to your authentic self. Remember that real friends value you for who and what you are”（昂首挺胸，昂首阔步，做真实的自己。记住，真正的朋友看重你是谁，你是什么）可知，即使不能在做朋友，也不要强求，要保持自己的尊严。D选项“即使你不能改变他们的想法，你也可以保持你的尊严。”切题。dignity呼应Keep your head held high, walk tall。故选D。 第2小题，容易误选 F「You might dislike the change, wishing things had stayed as they were」。 F 项情绪色彩强，考生易凭"负面情绪"直觉选择；但本段小标题为 Keep an open mind，空后句为 You can't stop your friends having new people…try to see encounters with fresh faces as an exciting opportunity，要求"以开放心态看待变化"，故应选 E（提醒自己友谊贯穿一生、坦然接受）。七选五中，小标题是解题的第一依据，选项情绪方向须与标题一致。 Passage 3 Few activities are more engaging than storytelling. Students are primed to tell stories, and teachers can design digital storytelling as capstone projects (毕业设计). Storytelling naturally ignites emotion, leading to memorable learning, and allows movies to serve as summative assessments. Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script. ____1____ A key point is that digital stories differ from reports. Merely reciting facts creates a product easily generated by AI. A better strategy is to ask students to wrap their learning in a narrative structure. Narrative provides a framework for learning new information. For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object. ____2____ . ____3____ They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script. Take some time to teach explicitly the concept of “agreement”, or matching what the viewer sees to what they hear in the script. Thinking about this complementary process, and taking the time to plan visuals and sounds, allows students to build audiovisual literacy skills, too. The most important component of a student movie project is the sound. Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency. ____4____ During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio. ____5____ As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel. Foster audio literacy by discussing tone and mood. Help students understand how song selection affects the audience’s perception of their ideas. In addition, provide copyright-free sound resources for them to use. Finally, provide repeated opportunities for video creation across subjects. This develops storytelling proficiency and fluency. A. Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques. B. Auditory effects should always be the focus of student projects. C. Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens. D. After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film. E. However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report. F. For instance, using earbuds with microphones can greatly improve sound quality. G. Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. D 4. A 5. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍将数字故事创作设为学生毕业设计的方法，需先写好剧本并融入叙事，再规划影片、重视音频，剪辑时兼顾视听协调并多创作练习。 1. 由上文“Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script.(开始制作需要引导学生撰写脚本。)”及下文“A key point is that digital stories differ from reports.(关键是数字故事不同于报告。)”可知，空格处需指出学生常把写脚本当成写传统报告。E项“However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report.(然而，许多学生一开始把它当作写传统报告来对待。)”符合语境，其中it指代上文“develop a script”，有承上作用。故选E项。 2. 由上文“For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object.(例如，学生可以将有理数这样的概念或一件历史物品拟人化。)”可知，举例说明学生可将知识概念融入拟人化表达，空格处应进一步说明如何把事实与叙事结合，G项“Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience.(利用通用的故事结构，他们将事实融入到一个角色的经历中。)”符合语境，承接上文的拟人化举例，说明具体的实施方法。故选G项。 3. 由下文“They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script.(他们可以使用故事板或双栏剧本来规划自己的影片。)”可知，后文讲学生规划影片的具体方式，空格处应提出“完成剧本后进入影片规划阶段”的观点，D项“After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film.(在有了完善的剧本后，学生们应该继续规划他们的影片。)”符合语境，其中“planning their film”与下文“plan their movie”相呼应，起到总起下文的作用。故选D项。 4. 由上文“Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency.(观众会忽略技术缺陷，但难以忍受糟糕的音频。学生应该大声练习剧本以保证表达流畅。)”可知，强调音频的重要性及学生的基础练习，空格处应进一步说明提升音频质量的相关做法，A项“Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques.(同时，他们应该考虑清晰的录音技巧。)”符合语境，“Meanwhile”承接上文的练习建议，“recording techniques”紧扣“poor audio”的问题。故选A项。 5. 由上文“During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio.(在剪辑过程中，提醒学生视觉与音频的协调统一。)”及下文“ As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel.(至于音频，音乐对讲故事有着强大的影响，因为它告诉观众如何感受。)”可知，空格处应围绕“视觉”相关编辑建议展开，与下文的音频建议形成并列，C项“Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens.(从简单的开始，然后鼓励探索绿幕这样的特效。)”符合语境，聚焦视觉剪辑的方法，衔接上下文的视觉、音频分述逻辑。故选C项。 考点4 社会与人际（共4题） Passage 1 “Feeling hungry all of a sudden? Whatever you fancy, it’s just a tap away on food delivery apps. Sunday brunch plans cancelled? Skip the queues and get your favorite food delivered right to your door.” These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders. ____1____ One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience. ____2____ There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds. Time saved can be spent on leftover schoolwork and delayed housework. When convenience is prioritized, home delivery surely wins over eating out. ____3____ For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later. After getting food, we may curl up on the sofa in casual clothes and enjoy shows while eating, a comfortable experience hard to gain from dining outside. Dine-out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked-up dish prices. ____4____ The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard-working delivery riders. Every extra penny helps support riders’ livelihoods, which makes ordering delivery worthwhile. All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice. ____5____ It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out. A. It helps escape tiring face-to-face communication. B. Some people still prefer to dine in local restaurants. C. And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits. D. It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside. E. However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle. F. Some small restaurants lower prices to compete with online delivery services. G. Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. C 【导语】主要分析人们偏爱外卖的多重现实好处，对比堂食，说明外卖是更明智的就餐选择。 1. 根据前文“These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders.(这些是外卖平台每天用来吸引顾客下单的典型营销话术。)” 可知，上文介绍外卖平台的营销宣传，本空承接广告引出人们的实际选择。G选项“Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out (尽管忽视这些广告，大多数人仍然更喜欢点外卖而不是外出就餐)”中的指示短语these ads精准对应上文中的marketing lines，实现内容上的指代衔接；句子逻辑上让步转折，即便广告不一定被关注，大众依旧倾向外卖，自然引出下文分析原因，符合上下文语境。 2. 根据空前“One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience.(选择外卖的一个主要原因在于它的便利性。)”以及空后“There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds.(不需要精心打扮、长途奔赴餐馆或是排漫长的队伍。)”可知，本段中心主题是外卖的便利性。空前提到核心关键词convenience，空格处需要对“便利”进行具体阐释，空后则列举外出就餐的种种麻烦作为细节支撑。D选项“It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside (它帮我们省去外出就餐的所有麻烦)”中的It指代food delivery，和后文不需要打扮、赶路、排队形成呼应，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 3. 根据空后“For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later.(对于内向的人来说，网上点餐几乎是必需的。得益于无接触配送，我们可以让骑手把餐品放在门把手上，之后再取餐。)”可知，后文围绕内向人群展开，介绍无接触配送，不用和他人直接碰面交流。本空是该段主题句，需要概括整段段落主旨。A选项“It helps escape tiring face‑to‑face communication (它有助于摆脱令人疲惫的面对面交流)” 概括本段核心内容，总领本段，符合语境。 4. 根据空前“Dine‑out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked‑up dish prices.(喜爱堂食的人认为外卖花费更高，有额外配送费，菜品价格也更高。)”以及空后“The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard‑working delivery riders.(这些额外花费实际上是用来公平回报辛苦工作的外卖骑手。)”可知，空前提出堂食支持者的反面观点，指出外卖存在额外费用的弊端；空后转换立场，解释额外费用存在的积极意义，前后属于明显转折逻辑。E选项“However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle (然而，换个角度看，这些额外费用十分合理)”中However表转折，these extra fees对应上文extra delivery fees and marked‑up dish prices，衔接上下文，符合语境。 5. 根据空前“All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice.(综合来看，外卖是一个更明智的选择。)”以及空后“It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out.(它节省我们的精力，带来舒适体验，同时保障骑手收入，几乎没有理由偏爱外出就餐。)”可知，空前得出外卖是更好选择的总判断；空后逐条罗列外卖带来的三点具体益处。空格需要搭建总观点与分条好处之间的桥梁。C选项“And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits (这一选择背后有着诸多实际好处)”中的this choice指代前文选择外卖，引出后文具体好处，符合语境。 Passage 2 Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. _____1_____ Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____2____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him. Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects. Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____3____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about. Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____4____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience. ____5____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too. Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being. A. Thank the person who awed you. B. And recall it or write about it later. C. Psychologists call it interpersonal awe. D. But it does happen in smaller moments. E. Make a positive response to the other person. F. The story you tell yourself blinds you to catching people at their best. G. Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. F 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人与人之间的敬畏感及其产生的原因，并给出了如何更好地感受和表达这种敬畏感的建议。 1. 由上文“Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. (我们大多数人将敬畏与一些罕见而美丽的事物联系在一起：自然、音乐或精神体验。但人们也能唤醒敬畏，而且不仅仅是公众英雄。研究表明，我们会被我们最亲近的人所震撼——坐在我们旁边的沙发上的人，在电话那头聊天的人，在Zoom上回望我们的人。)”和下文“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. (通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大、全面变化的反应，比如见证婴儿的第一步。)”可知，本空应引出“人际敬畏”这一概念。C选项“Psychologists call it interpersonal awe. (心理学家称之为人际敬畏。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 2. 由上文“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. (通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大、全面变化反应，比如见证婴儿的第一步。)”及下文“John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him. (约翰·巴奇说，在麦当劳用餐时，他5岁的女儿让他“真正感到敬畏”。当她听到另一个孩子在哭时，她从自己的开心乐园餐中拿起玩具，走到男孩身边，把玩具递给了他。)”可知，本空应说明人际敬畏也会发生在一些小瞬间。D选项“But it does happen in smaller moments. (但它确实发生在更小的瞬间。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 3. 由上文“Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. (你是否认为你的伴侣不敏感，或者你的兄弟姐妹自私？这可能有一些道理，但绝不是全部。)”可知，本空应说明这种自我讲述的故事会带来的影响。F选项“The story you tell yourself blinds you to catching people at their best. (你给自己讲的故事会让你看不到别人最好的一面。)”进一步解释了质疑假设的重要性，即不要被自己的故事所蒙蔽，要看到别人最好的一面，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 4. 由上文“Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. (在那一刻细细品味，然后告诉别人。这将增强你的积极情绪。)”及下文“Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience. (研究表明，仅仅通过回忆一次敬畏的经历，你就会再次感到敬畏。)”可知，本空应说明对这种经历的后续处理。B选项“And recall it or write about it later. (然后回忆或写下它。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 5. 由下文“This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too. Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being. (这会让对方感觉良好，并能促进你们的关系。这也会帮助你。研究表明，心怀感恩的人幸福感更高，心理健康水平也更高。)”可知，本空应说明要感谢让你感到敬畏的人。A选项“Thank the person who awed you. (感谢让你感到敬畏的人。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 Passage 3 4 Ways to Calm a Tense Situation Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again. ____1____ Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first. If you ever feel unsafe, it is always okay to set boundaries, ask for help, or walk away. ●Use “Opposite Energy” When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse. ____2____ Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully. When one person remains reasonable, the argument usually cools down much faster. ●Stick to the Main Point Sometimes, one small problem can bring up every other past complaint. Try not to get distracted by these side issues or hurtful comments. Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand. ____3____ ●Mind Your Words and Body Language ____4____ Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms. Instead, use open-ended questions to let the other person express themselves. Use positive phrases like, “Let’s solve this together,” or “I see your point,” to show that you understand and want to find an answer. ●Listen to the Feelings Behind the Words When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings. ____5____ Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words. Even if you disagree, everyone wants to feel heard. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you are listening, and repeat their concerns in your own words to show you truly understand. A. Instead, try to break the pattern. B. Avoid focusing on their negative feelings. C. The following tips may help you stay safe. D. You can always deal with smaller issues later. E. Try to understand why they are acting this way. F. Try these techniques to promote more productive discussions. G. Your communication style can make the situation better or worse. 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. D 4. G 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种缓解紧张局势的方法。 1. 上文“Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again.(处理争论可能具有挑战性。然而，保持冷静和自我意识是你重新找到共同点的最大工具。)”表明了文章的主题，即处理争论时保持冷静和自我意识的重要性。下文“Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first.(记住，虽然解决分歧很重要，但你的安全是第一位的。)”是对处理争论时需要注意的一个方面，即安全。由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，引出下文要介绍的具体方法或技巧。选项F“试试这些技巧，促进更有成效的讨论”符合语境。故选F。 2. 上文“When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse.(当人们开始大喊大叫，互相打断对方时，很容易复制同样的愤怒情绪，这只会让事情变得更糟。)”描述了人们在争论时的一种常见反应，即复制对方的愤怒情绪。下文“Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully.(保持冷静，控制你的情绪，并深思熟虑地回应。)”给出了一个与上文相反的建议，即保持冷静和理智。由此可知，空处应该是一个转折句，引出下文要保持冷静和理智的建议。选项A“相反，试着打破这种模式”符合语境，与上文形成对比。故选A。 3. 上文“Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand.(让对话集中在当前最重要的问题上。)”强调了在争论时要专注于主要问题。由此可知，空处应该进一步解释或说明为什么要这样做，或者这样做的好处是什么。选项D“你可以以后再处理小问题”符合语境，与上文形成互补，说明了在专注于主要问题的同时，可以暂时忽略或推迟处理小问题。故选D。 4. 下文“Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms.(说话要轻声细语，清晰明了。避免使用指责性的短语和防御性的肢体语言，比如指指点点或交叉双臂。)”描述了在与他人交流时应该注意的沟通方式。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文关于沟通方式的句子。选项G“你的沟通方式可以让情况变得更好或更糟”符合语境，与下文形成呼应，强调了沟通方式的重要性。故选G。 5. 上文“When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings.(当人们感到不安时，他们的话并不总是能表达出他们的真实感受。)”说明了在争论时，人们的话可能并不总是真实的。下文“Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words.(他们是害怕、紧张还是受伤？识别这些隐藏的情绪可以防止你只关注他们的尖锐言辞。)”进一步解释了为什么要尝试理解对方背后的真实情绪。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要尝试理解对方真实情绪的句子。选项E“试着理解他们为什么这样做”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 4 Curiosity is part of human nature. Children are famous for wanting answers to tons of questions. Books and TV shows often rely on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. ___1___ Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how processes worked or how certain tasks could be done more effectively. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them. Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. ___2___ Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you better informed and thus a more capable worker. What do you do if you’re not already curious? ___3___ If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes. As you learn about a topic, gather information from as many sources as possible. Read a variety of books, watch or listen to lectures and ask questions. ___4___ Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view. ___5___ Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge. In the classroom or out of it, developing curiosity is sure to be worthwhile. A. Ask a lot of questions. B. Curiosity also provides many practical benefits. C. Accept a variety of resources to feed your curiosity. D. Fortunately, curiosity is a skill that can be improved. E. Don’t always get your information from the same source. F. Curiosity drives the process of discoveries and innovation. G. And you’ll do better because you’ll be fully engaged in the learning process. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. D 4. E 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了好奇心的好处以及提高好奇心的方法和策略。 1. 上文“People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. (人们一直阅读或观看，因为他们想知道发生了什么)”指出人们去阅读和看电视是因为好奇心；下文讲述了所带来的好处；空处承接前文，并引出后文好奇心的好处，B项“但是好奇心也会带来一些实际的好处。”符合语境，在前文讨论好奇心驱动探索行为之后，引出后文关于好奇心带来的具体好处。故选B。 2. 上文“Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. (即使你不打算成为一名发明家或研究人员，好奇心仍然可以在课堂上帮助你。如果你培养了学习的乐趣，课堂就会更有趣)”说明好奇心能够让课堂变得更有趣。空处承接前文，说明由于完全投入学习过程，所以表现会更好。G项“你会做得更好，因为你会全身心地投入到学习过程中。”符合语境，G项中的“fully engaged in the learning process”和前文中的“develop the joy of learning”相呼应。故选G。 3. 由上文“What do you do if you’re not already curious? (如果你还不好奇，你会怎么办？)”以及下文“If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes.(如果你表现得很好奇，你会很快开始感到好奇。通常，你对一个话题了解得越多，它就越有趣)”可知，本段提出了如果本身不具好奇心应如何做的问题并给出了建议。空处回答上文提出的问题，说明好奇心是可以培养的技能，自然引出下文关于如何培养好奇心的建议。D项“幸运的是，好奇心是一种可以提高的技能。”符合语境。故选D。 4.下文“Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view.(相反，要学会欣赏不同的人知道的事实和他们表达的不同意见。不要以为你已经知道你需要知道的。相反，寻找其他可能性和观点)”说明从多方面获取信息，欣赏不同人的知识和观点，避免固守单一视角。空出引出下文，E项“不要总是从同一个来源获取信息。”符合语境。故选E。 5. 设空处为段首句；由下文“Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge.(记住，每个人都知道一些你不知道的事情。找出这是什么，并询问它。这可以让你学到一些东西，并通过让对方展示他们的知识来让他们高兴)”可知本段建议要多去问一些你不知道的问题。A项“多问问题。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 第3小题，容易误选 A「Ask a lot of questions」。 A 项是文章反复出现的"提问"概念，考生易回填；但该空前文为 What do you do if you're not already curious?（提出问题），后文为 If you act like you're curious, you'll quickly start to actually feel curious（提出"好奇心可以练习"），空处需回答"好奇心可培养"，应选 D。注意：A 项实际是文末第5空的答案，属"答案张冠李戴"型陷阱，做题时应对每个空独立定位，避免前后空互相干扰。 考点5体育运动与体育精神（共2题） Passage 1 The use of technology in sports is supposed to be able to provide accurate and instant feedback, with better decision-making and fewer errors than human intervention. ____1____ The annual tennis tournament, Wimbledon, made the decision this year to replace their line judges. They were switched out for AI that analyses camera footage, which should be faster and more accurate. Nevertheless, the electronic line calling system failed just a week into the 2025 championship. ____2____ This meant a point had to be replayed, which resulted in Sonay Kartal controversially winning the game. If technology needs humans to operate it in the first place, whose fault is it in situations like these where things go wrong? In football, VAR (video assistant referee) is also regularly used these days. A referee can ask for a VAR check, which means that if they are unsure of a decision, they can double-check their own judgement. However, last football season, VAR made oversights which angered a lot of managers, players and fans. ___3___ Despite this, before VAR, 82% of the decisions made were considered correct; now that figure is 96%. ___4___ Professor Gina Neff from Cambridge University says that we have a very strong, in-built sense of fairness. “The machine makes decisions based on the set of rules it’s been programmed to apply,” she said. “Right now, in many areas where AI is touching our lives, we feel like humans understand the context much better than the machine.” ___5___ A. But is that always the case? B. Patience is needed as the system matures. C. They said the system was not fit for purpose. D. Then who should carry the blame when mistakes happen? E. The ball-tracking technology was turned off by a person accidentally. F. So, why do we still not trust technology if it often improves a situation? G. Whether you trust it or not, technology is here to stay, including in sports. 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. C 4. F 5. G 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕科技在体育领域的应用展开，主要介绍了科技的弊端，讨论科技出错时的责任归属问题。 1. 上文“The use of technology in sports is supposed to be able to provide accurate and instant feedback, with better decision-making and fewer errors than human intervention. (体育领域对科技的运用本应能提供精准且即时的反馈，相比人工干预，决策更优、失误更少。)”提出科技在体育中应更优的观点，而下文介绍了温网AI司线系统故障、以及足球VAR技术的弊端。因此A项“但是情况总是如此吗？”符合语境，引出下文。故选A。 2. 上文“Nevertheless, the electronic line calling system failed just a week into the 2025 championship. (然而，在 2025 年锦标赛开赛仅一周后，电子司线系统就出现了故障。)”提及系统故障，由此推测，空出需补充故障的具体原因。E项”球追踪技术被一个人意外关闭了。”承接上文。故选E。 3. 上文“However, last football season, VAR made oversights which angered a lot of managers, players and fans. (然而，上个足球赛季，VAR的疏忽激怒了很多教练、球员和球迷。)”指出上个赛季VAR失误引发不满，由此可知，这个系统没有达到预期目的。空处需补充人们对VAR系统的负面评价，以完整呈现VAR的争议性。C项“他们表示该系统不符合使用需求。”符合语境。故选C。 4. 下文“Professor Gina Neff from Cambridge University says that we have a very strong, in-built sense of fairness. “The machine makes decisions based on the set of rules it’s been programmed to apply,” she said. (剑桥大学的Gina Neff教授表示，人类天生就拥有强烈的公平感。“机器做出决策，依据的是为其编程设定的那套规则，” 她说道。)”陈述了人们不相信科技的原因。由此推测，空处可能提出“人们为什么不相信科技”这个疑问。F项“既然科技往往能改善现状，那我们为什么仍然不信任它呢？”符合推测，引出下文内容。故选F。 5. 空处位于文末，应是总结性语句。上文“Right now, in many areas where AI is touching our lives, we feel like humans understand the context much better than the machine. (目前，在AI触及我们生活的诸多领域，我们认为人类比机器更能理解背景语境。)”提及人类对科技的认知优势，需在结尾给出对科技在体育领域未来的客观判断。G项“无论你是否信任，科技都将持续存在，体育领域也不例外。”符合语境，客观指出科技在体育领域的必然性。故选G。 Passage 2 As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations. ___1___ . But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of walking. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s. ___2___ , and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and walking around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer. ___3___ . He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. ___4___ , but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as walking in conversation and preventing people behind you. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. ___5___ ? A. Is it safe to walk the streets alone at night B. By doing so, they help them strengthen their capacities C. This idea of taking a walk to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century D. That's because it's beneficial for both physical and mental health E. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity F. Whether you see yourself more as a casual or a purposeful walker, why not build a habit out of it G. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach 【答案】1. D 2. E 3. G 4. C 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了散步的起源以及它如何演变成为现代人的一项重要日常活动。 1.根据上文“As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations.(我们都知道，“散步”是老少皆宜的消遣方式)”可知，选项承接上文说明其原因。故D选项“这是因为它对身心健康都有好处”切题。故选D项。 2. 根据上文“He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s.(他说，在英国，直到18世纪80年代，以散步为乐趣“才真正成为一件事”)”可知，选项说明18世纪80年代之前关于散步的情况。故E选项“在此之前，这只是人们出于需要而做的事情，有些人把它与犯罪活动联系在一起”切题。故选E项。 3. 根据上文“But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer.(但是，如果你不喜欢快速走，也许你可以从另一个有远见的步行者那里得到灵感)”可知，选项承接上文说明这个有远见的步行者是谁以及他的举措。故G选项“19世纪美国作家亨利·大卫·梭罗采取了一种较为缓慢的方法”切题。故选G项。 4.根据下文“but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same?(但是行人礼仪还保持不变吗)”可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明步行随着时间而延续到了现在。故C选项“通过散步来清醒头脑的想法一直延续到21世纪”切题。故选C项。 5.根据上文“In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing.(在这个现代时代，当我们中的许多人被束缚在办公桌和屏幕前时，走到城市的人行道上，或者迷失在大自然中，这一简单的行为可能会对我们的健康产生重大影响)”可知，选项总结上文且发出号召，鼓励人们散步。故F选项个“无论你认为自己是一个随意的还是有目的的步行者，为什么不养成一种习惯呢？”切题。故选F项。 第1小题， 容易误选 C “This idea of taking a walk to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century”，因为看到“walk”就以为与散步有关。但前文说“Going for a walk is a popular pastime”，后文说“But you may be surprised...”，此处应选 D “That's because it's beneficial for both physical and mental health”，解释散步受欢迎的原因。 Passage 1 文章主要介绍2024年伦敦国王学院的一项注意力研究，指出49%的英国公众正经历“爆米花大脑”——一种注意力分散、思绪飘忽的心理状态。心理学家Tina Chummun给出思维导图法、思绪回归训练、减少科技使用、留白独处等建议。文章展现心理学、传媒与健康生活的交叉，传递“在信息过载时代，学会管理注意力、保护深度思考”的理念。 【新素材·爆米花大脑】According to a 2024 attention study by King’s College London, 49% of the UK public are experiencing “popcorn (爆米花) brain”, a mental state featuring divided attention and wandering thoughts. ___1___ In response to the findings, psychologist Tina Chummun gives her top tips. Adopt the mind map method. To manage a distracted (分心的) mind, write down everything, like appointments, worries and to - dos, without organizing it initially. Once everything is on paper, group these into life areas like work or emotional wellbeing. ___2___ This creates order and gives your brain permission to concentrate. Every time you feel your thoughts wandering, give yourself three seconds — breathe in, name what you’re feeling, and redirect your focus. ___3___ By doing so, you may turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime. Minimizing tech is also the key to getting back on track in your daily life. A full digital withdrawal is unrealistic. ___4___ Then it could be followed by a five-minute screen time reward. It teaches your brain to tolerate stillness without feeling punished. ___5___ At first, you may feel bored, as popcorn brain likes being ‘go go go’ to feel safe. “Go for a walk without music, or simply stare out your window,” suggests Tina. “Sit in silence and observe your thoughts. Let your brain breathe. It is sometimes exactly what your nervous system needs.” So, are you ready to quiet the mental popcorn and get your focus back? A. Allow space in your day for doing nothing. B. So, what’s making our brains pop like popcorn? C. Instead, go totally screen-free for 25-30 minutes. D. Starving distractions and feeding focus is a nice idea. E. Then ask yourself: what matters now and what can wait? F. They feel their attention less focused and deep thinking rarer. G. This practice enables you to slow down and manage emotions. 【答案】1. F 2. E 3. G 4. C 5. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以伦敦国王学院2024年的一项注意力研究为切入点，指出英国49%的公众正受“爆米花大脑”（注意力分散、思绪飘忽的精神状态）困扰，随后心理学家蒂娜·丘蒙针对该问题提出了思维导图法、思绪回归训练、减少科技使用、留白独处等四条实用解决建议。 1. 上文“According to a 2024 attention study by King’s College London, 49% of the UK public are experiencing ‘popcorn (爆米花) brain’, a mental state featuring divided attention and wandering thoughts. (根据伦敦国王学院2024年的一项注意力研究，49%的英国公众正经历“爆米花大脑”，这种精神状态的特点是注意力分散、思绪飘忽。)”定义了“爆米花大脑”并说明其高发率，下文“In response to the findings, psychologist Tina Chummun gives her top tips. (针对这些发现，心理学家蒂娜·丘蒙给出了她的顶级建议。)”引出解决建议。F项“他们感觉自己的注意力不太集中，深度思考也更少见了。”承接上文，“they”指代前文“49% of the UK public”，“注意力不太集中”“深度思考少见”是对“注意力分散、思绪飘忽”的进一步阐释，让读者更清晰理解“爆米花大脑”的表现，衔接自然。故选F。 2.上文“Adopt the mind map method. To manage a distracted (分心的) mind, write down everything, like appointments, worries and to-dos, without organizing it initially. Once everything is on paper, group these into life areas like work or emotional wellbeing. (采用思维导图法。为了管理分心的大脑，先把所有事情都写下来，比如约会、担忧和待办事项，一开始不用整理。一旦所有事情都写在纸上，就把它们归类到工作、情感健康等生活领域。)”详细介绍了思维导图法的前两个步骤——记录和归类，下文“This creates order and gives your brain permission to concentrate. (这能建立秩序，让你的大脑可以集中注意力。)”说明该方法的效果。E项“然后问问自己：现在什么重要，什么可以等一等？”作为思维导图法的第三步，承接前文的“记录和归类”流程，通过设问筛选优先级，进而实现下文“建立秩序、集中注意力”的效果，逻辑连贯。故选E。 3.上文“Every time you feel your thoughts wandering, give yourself three seconds — breathe in, name what you’re feeling, and redirect your focus. (每次你感觉思绪飘忽时，给自己三秒钟——吸气，说出你的感受，然后重新集中注意力。)”介绍了思绪回归训练的具体操作，下文“By doing so, you may turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime.” (通过这样做，当你的大脑过度运转时，你可能会降温。)”说明该训练的作用。G项“这种练习能让你慢下来，管理情绪。”解释了该训练的直接效果，“this practice”指代上文的三秒训练法，“慢下来”对应“吸气”的动作，“管理情绪”对应“说出你的感受”，且为下文“大脑降温”的深层效果做铺垫。故选G。 4.上文“Minimizing tech is also the key to getting back on track in your daily life. A full digital withdrawal is unrealistic. (减少科技产品使用也是日常生活中回归正轨的关键。完全脱离数字产品是不现实的。)”提出减少科技使用的建议并指出完全脱离不现实，下文“Then it could be followed by a five-minute screen time reward. (然后可以给五分钟的屏幕使用时间作为奖励。)”说明后续的奖励机制。C项“相反，完全不使用屏幕25到30分钟。”通过“instead”承接上文“完全脱离不现实”，给出切实可行的替代方案——短时间不使用屏幕，“25到30分钟”与下文“五分钟奖励”形成时长搭配，构成“限制并奖励”的有效模式，逻辑清晰。故选C。 5. 下文“At first, you may feel bored, as popcorn brain likes being ‘go go go’ to feel safe. “Go for a walk without music, or simply stare out your window,” suggests Tina. “Sit in silence and observe your thoughts. Let your brain breathe. (一开始，你可能会感到无聊，因为“爆米花大脑”喜欢一直“忙忙碌碌”才觉得安全。蒂娜建议：“不带音乐散步，或者只是盯着窗外。”“安静地坐着，观察自己的思绪。让你的大脑呼吸。”)”具体描述了“什么都不做”的放松方式及其意义。A项“在一天中留出时间什么都不做。”作为该段主题句，精准概括下文内容，“留出时间什么都不做”与下文“不带音乐散步”“安静坐着”等具体做法相呼应，符合段落主旨。故选A。 第1小题，容易误选B“So, what’s making our brains pop like popcorn?”，因为看到“popcorn”就以为是解释原因。但前文已经定义了“爆米花大脑”，后文直接引出心理学家的建议，此处应选F“They feel their attention less focused and deep thinking rarer.”，进一步说明“爆米花大脑”的表现。 Passage 2 文章主要介绍时差反应的成因、影响以及缓解方法。文章指出，人体内部生物钟依靠光照维持24小时节律，跨时区旅行会打乱这一节律。科学家发现，通过提前调整光照和睡眠、使用Timeshifter等App、合理安排进餐时间和食物构成，可以减轻时差反应。文章展现健康、生物与科技的交叉，传递“科学认识生物钟，合理安排作息，才能更好地适应现代生活”的理念。 【新素材·时差反应】We’ve all been there after a long trip — staring blankly at emails, counting the hours until bed. Yet when 2 a.m. hits, you’re still wide awake, mindlessly looking through social media, trapped in the control of jet lag. ___1___ Our internal clock governs everything from sleep to digestion to hormones (激素分泌) and uses light to maintain its natural 24-hour cycle. But when we land in a new time zone, and day suddenly turns to night, this rhythm is thrown off balance. ___2___ But scientists have found ways to help our bodies keep up. Even reducing jet lag by a day can improve the productivity and well-being of so many people. The best strategy? Tricking yourself into a new rhythm before travel. ___3___ For example, Timeshifter, an app developed by a neuroscientist and his team, suggests a personalized schedule for light exposure and sleep based on flight arrangements. ___4___ While the brain is our master clock, other tissues like the liver and muscles have their own clocks that regulate metabolism (新陈代谢), the body’s process of turning food into energy. That is, meal timing and composition could also be key to reducing jet lag. In reality, there are lots of things that come into play. ___5___ While we don’t yet have a way to comprehensively avoid jet lag, at least researchers and airlines aren’t asleep on the job in their hunt for a cure. A. A complete cure for jet lag is unlikely to find. B. So how can we deal with the annoying jet lag? C. That’s the price for crossing time zones too fast. D. There are some tools to help with this, of course. E. Meanwhile, different people have different rhythms. F. The key to the trick is to manage your light exposure. G. However, jet lag isn’t just about light exposure and sleep. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. G 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了时差反应(jet lag)的成因、对人体的影响，并介绍了通过调整光照、使用科技工具、合理安排饮食等多种策略来缓解时差反应的方法。 1. 上文“Yet when 2 a.m. hits, you’re still wide awake, mindlessly looking through social media, trapped in the control of jet lag. (然而当凌晨两点来临，你仍然清醒异常，漫无目的地浏览着社交媒体，深陷于时差反应的控制之中)” 描述了跨时区旅行后深夜难以入睡的典型时差反应状态。C选项 “That’s the price for crossing time zones too fast. (这就是过快跨越时区的代价)”是对上文所述现象的总结和定性，其中的“That”指代上文的“时差反应”状态，点明了这种不适是快速跨越时区的必然结果，上下文逻辑自然衔接。故选C项。 2. 上文“But when we land in a new time zone, and day suddenly turns to night, this rhythm is thrown off balance. (但当我们抵达一个新的时区，白昼突然变为黑夜，这种节律就被打乱了)”解释了时差产生的原因：生物钟节律失衡。A选项“So how can we deal with the annoying jet lag? (那么我们该如何应对恼人的时差反应呢?)”通过疑问句承上启下，由对问题的描述自然过渡到对解决方案的探讨，引出下文科学家寻找缓解方法的内容，符合行文逻辑。故选A项。 3.上文“The best strategy? Tricking yourself into a new rhythm before travel. (最佳策略?在旅行前就让自己适应新的节律)”提出了通过提前调整来适应新节律的策略。下文“For example, Timeshifter, an app developed by a neuroscientist and his team, suggests a personalized schedule for light exposure and sleep based on flight arrangements. (例如，由一位神经科学家及其团队开发的应用程序“Timeshifter”，根据航班安排为光照和睡眠提供个性化的时间表)”举例说明了一种实现该策略的工具。D选项“There are some tools to help with this, of course. (当然，有一些工具可以帮助做到这一点)”恰好连接了“策略”与“具体工具举例”，句中“this”指代上文提到的“提前调整节律”的策略。故选D项。 4.下文“While the brain is our master clock, other tissues like the liver and muscles have their own clocks that regulate metabolism (新陈代谢), the body’s process of turning food into energy. That is, meal timing and composition could also be key to reducing jet lag.(虽然大脑是我们体内总的主时钟，但像肝脏和肌肉等其他组织也有各自的生物钟来调节新陈代谢，即身体将食物转化为能量的过程。也就是说，进餐时间和食物构成对于缓解时差反应同样至关重要)”开始讨论除了大脑主时钟外，其他组织器官的节律以及饮食安排对缓解时差的作用。G选项 “However, jet lag isn’t just about light exposure and sleep. (然而，时差反应不仅仅与光照和睡眠有关)”与上文构成转折，将讨论范围从光照、睡眠这两个主要因素扩展到其他领域(如饮食)，引出下文的新话题，起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。 5.上文“In reality, there are lots of things that come into play. (事实上，有很多因素都在起作用)”总述缓解时差涉及多方面因素。下文“While we don’t yet have a way to comprehensively avoid jet lag, at least researchers and airlines aren’t asleep on the job in their hunt for a cure. (虽然我们还没有办法完全避免时差反应，但至少研究人员和航空公司都在积极寻找解决方案，并未懈怠)”总结了现状并表达了积极展望。E选项 “Meanwhile, different people have different rhythms. (同时，不同的人有不同的节律)”与上文“lots of things”呼应，列举了影响时差反应的另一个具体因素(个体节律差异)，与上下文语意连贯，共同说明了问题的复杂性。故选E项。 40 / 40 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 七选五5大常考话题 考点1 健康与生活方式（常考点） 考点2 音乐·艺术与成长 考点3 传媒与网络生活 考点4 社会与人际（常考点） 考点5体育运动与体育精神（难点） ① 通读全文，先抓主旨与结构：先看标题、首段、末段和每段首句，判断文章是说明文、议论文还是记叙文，明确“谁在说、说什么、为什么说”。 ② 看空格位置，判断句子功能： 段首：常是主题句、过渡句 段中：常是解释句、举例句、转折句 段尾：常是总结句、建议句、升华句 ③ 找关键词，锁定同义复现：注意名词、动词、形容词、副词的同义替换，以及代词（it、they、this、these、such）的指代对象。 ④ 看逻辑关系，判断衔接方向： 并列：and, also, besides, similarly 转折：but, however, yet, instead 因果：so, therefore, because, thus 举例：for example, for instance, such as 总结：in short, in a word, all in all ⑤ 看标点与句式，辅助判断： 冒号、破折号后常是解释 问号后常是回答 祈使句常是建议或标题 代词开头的句子，前文必有指代对象 ⑥ 代入验证，通读检查：把选好的选项代入原文，看语义是否连贯、逻辑是否通顺、代词是否一致、时态是否匹配。 ⑦ 新情境/跨学科题：适应新词，抓结构：不要被“爆米花大脑”“时差反应”“AI滤镜”等新词吓到，先抓文章结构，再抓关键词和逻辑关系。 ⑧ 新考法题：关注“段首句、过渡句、总结句”：七选五常考这三类句子，尤其是段首主题句和段尾总结句。 考点1 健康与生活方式（共6题） Passage 1 Advice to the Hard-working Girl You are not a superwoman. No matter how much you think you could handle, sometimes you need to take a step back and realize when you’re taking on too much. No one wants to be the one to quit, but sometimes taking a break is necessary to get work done effectively. Practice the following things to help you accomplish this: ___1___ In order to please everyone, you try to say “yes” and be nice, not knowing that you’re hurting yourself in the long run. Saying “yes” to everything adds pressure. You always need to make sure not to let anyone down and forget that you have to take care of yourself, too. ___2___. Take on what you can handle Look, everyone knows you have the power to take on whatever you put your mind to, but don’t let that make you feel like you have to take on everything at once. ___3___. For example, if there are twenty things you need to do, do ten today and ten at another time. It’s all about balance ___4___. Taking on too much at times makes you forget that there is a life to live. Everyone is proud of the work you’ve done but they miss you, too. Take a day to hang out with friends and family. The work will still be there, and balancing work with fun will actually make you more efficient. Sleepless nights are awful When it comes to not being able to sleep, it should be a wake-up call. ___5___. Usually, when your mind is restless, it’s a sign that something is wrong. Over stressing could be the reason why you're losing out on sleep and not sleeping makes you have a bad day. No one wants that, so don’t do it to yourself. A. Take a deep breath B. Stop saying “yes” to everything C. You should learn to break things up D. Work is good, but make sure to save time for fun E. Keep that in mind when you try to be there for family F. You should know you can say “no” when you feel overloaded G. It means your body is off and you need to get it back in order Passage 2 How to Fall Asleep in Five Minutes Many people lie awake for a long time at night, struggling to fall asleep quickly. ____1____, and the key often lies in a few simple changes that you can easily make to your daily life. Getting natural light into your eyes first thing in the morning is one of the most effective ways to improve your sleep. Russell Foster, an Oxford professor, explains that morning light shifts your body clock earlier, making you feel sleepier at bedtime. ____2____. This simple change signals to your body that the countdown to sleep has begun, creating a natural pattern that improves sleep quality. Daytime habits count just as much. A short afternoon sleep can improve your focus, but keep it under 20 minutes and not within six hours of bedtime. ____3____. Similarly, doing vigorous exercise within one or two hours of bedtime can delay your sleep. ____4____. Research suggests a good mattress and proper bedding can conduct heat away from the body, lowering core temperature. Besides, keeping your bedroom cool, quiet, dark and calm can also greatly improve your chances of a restful night. Finally, stress is a powerful enemy of sleep. Many people who struggle to fall asleep are actually suffering from anxiety. ____5____. Simple activities like reading, breathing slowly or focusing on the feel of your blanket can calm your mind. Avoiding phones before bed is also wise, not because of the light, but because what you see on them may cause stress. A. Your sleep environment matters more than you might think B. The good news is that falling asleep fast is a skill that can be learned C. Getting bright light in the evening can help you stay awake longer at night D. Mindfulness techniques can help reduce daytime stress, which is a major cause of poor sleep E. If you sleep too long or too close to bedtime, you may find it harder to fall asleep at night F. Taking a short walk outdoors without sunglasses in the morning is an excellent way to achieve this G. Stress is something you simply have to live with, since there is no effective way to calm your mind before bed Passage 3 How to Chew Food Properly Chewing your food properly allows your body to fully absorb the nutrients and will reduce negative symptoms such as gas, bloating (肿胀), and intestinal discomfort. You’ll also eat slower and feel fuller for longer, which can help prevent overeating. ____1____. You can use a few strategies to help you slow down and focus on doing it the right way. Remove outside distractions. Sit down to enjoy your meal and to make it easier for you to focus on properly chewing your food. Avoid watching television, playing on your smartphone, or driving while you eat. ____2____. That means you’re more likely not to chew your food properly and overeat. ____3____. As you’re chewing your food and breaking it down, move the pieces around your mouth so all of the food is evenly and properly chewed. Feel for pieces of food in your mouth with your tongue, moving unchewed bits over to your teeth so it can be properly chewed. Use your back teeth. Move hard or tough foods like nuts and seeds to the back of your mouth where your back teeth are, so they can be chewed well and broken into smaller pieces for easier swallowing and digestion. ____4____. Keep a steady speed. ____5____, paying attention to each chew so you can break the food down properly and mix it with the natural juices in your mouth. Don’t chew quickly and roughly, as this won’t break down the food well. A. Proper chewing is simple B. Move food around in your mouth C. These foods may cause stomachache D. Take each bite of food and chew it slowly E. Eating on the go can also cause you to eat faster F. Don’t swallow hard or tough pieces of food whole G. Some foods may not need to be chewed as many times Passage 4 If you feel depressed, it’s best to do something about it—depression doesn’t just go away on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor, here are four things you can do to feel better. Exercise Take a 15-30-minute walk every day—or dance, jog, or bike if you prefer. People who are depressed may not feel much like being active. ____1____. Ask a friend to exercise with you if you need to be motivated. Once you get in the exercise habit, it won’t take long to notice a difference in your mood. Identify troubles, but don’t think a lot about them Try to identify any situation that has contributed to your depression. When you know what makes you feel blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend. ____2____. If there’s none to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal works just as well. Once you air out these thoughts and feelings, turn your attention to something positive. Take action to solve problems. Express yourself ____3____. By exercising your imagination (painting, drawing, writing, dancing, etc.) you not only get those creative juices flowing, you also relax some positive emotions. Take time to play with a friend or a pet, or do something fun for yourself. Find something to laugh about—a funny movie, perhaps. ____4____. ____5____ Depression affects a person’s thoughts, making everything seem negative and hopeless. If depression makes you notice only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life. Try to notice one thing, then try to think of one more. Consider your strengths, gifts, or blessings. Most of all, don’t forget to be patient with yourself. Depression takes time to heal. A. Look on the bright side B. Get rid of negative feelings C. But make yourself do it anyway D. Laughter helps lighten your mood E. They need to reach out to more friends F. With depression, a person’s creativity and sense of fun may seem blocked G. Talking is a way to release the feelings and to receive some understanding Passage 5 For many people, “eat less” backfires (适得其反) because it focuses on reducing calories without addressing how hunger and eating behavior actually work. ____1____ — the weight and physical amount of food on their plate — rather than by counting calories. But when portion sizes reduce dramatically under restrictive diets, meals may leave one feeling hungry. “____2____. Because people tend to have an idea of how much food is appropriate,” says Barbara Rolls, a professor of nutrition sciences at the Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior at Penn State. The problem is compounded (恶化) when those smaller portions are made up of calorie-dense foods — like chips, or heavily processed meals. ____3____. Many ultra-processed foods are also designed to be eaten quickly. They often combine refined (精制的) carbohydrates, fats, and salt in ways that make them highly tasty, while being low in water and fiber. That combination allows people to consume calories rapidly. ____4____. Timing plays a critical role. ____5____. It can take 15 to 20 minutes for stretch receptors in the stomach to register fullness. By then, fast, energy-dense foods may already have delivered hundreds of calories. “That’s part of the reason why “eat less” isn’t just a matter of self-control, because the body is physiologically and psychologically wired to keep eating under these conditions,” says Barbara Rolls. A. I don’t like the “eat less” message B. Thirty minutes for a meal is enough C. I’m telling people to eat better quality D. This occurs before the body has time to respond E. People tend to control how much they eat by volume F. They can pack in substantial energy without taking up much space G. Signals telling the brain you’ve had enough don’t switch on immediately Passage 6 In our fast-paced, technology-driven world, the act of eating has transformed from a mindful practice to an often hurried and distracted (分心的) activity. Distracted eating, characterized by consuming food while engaging in other activities such as watching television, scrolling through smartphones, or working at a desk, is becoming increasingly widespread. ___1___ The common presence of digital devices and the constant demands of modern life have contributed to the rise of distracted eating. ___2___ For instance, office workers frequently eat lunch while replying to emails, and students snack during online classes. This behavior is not limited to any specific age group. Distracted eating has several negative effects on physical and mental health. When attention is divided between eating and another activity, it becomes challenging to recognize signals of being full. ___3___ Studies have shown a correlation between distracted eating and an increased intake of calories, contributing to weight gain and obesity. Eating while distracted can impair digestion. The body needs to be in a relaxed state for proper digestion, but multitasking can create a state of mild stress, affecting the digestive process. This can lead to discomfort, bloating, and other gastrointestinal issues. ___4___ This reduces the overall nutritional quality of the diet, impacting long-term health. The practice of mindful eating, which involves paying full attention to the experience of eating, has been linked to improved mental health outcomes. In contrast, distracted eating can contribute to stress and anxiety, as it reduces the enjoyment and satisfaction of meals. ___5___ Creating specific areas for eating, free from digital devices and work related materials helps to establish a clear boundary between mealtime and other activities. Establishing and following regular meal times can reduce the temptation to cat while multitasking. This encourages a more structured approach to eating. Engage in mindful eating by focusing on the sensory experience of food — its taste, texture, and aroma. This can enhance the enjoyment of meals and improve satiety recognition. As awareness of the issue grows, it is hoped that more people will recognize the benefits of mindful eating and make conscious (自觉的) efforts to enjoy their meals fully and healthily. A. Addressing distracted eating requires conscious effort and lifestyle changes. B. Over time, this habit may weaken the brain’s ability to associate food with satisfaction. C. Eating in response to boredom, rather than genuine hunger, is a frequent consequence of such behavior. D. This shift in eating habits has significant consequences for our health and well-being. E. This can lead to overeating, as individuals are less aware of how much they have consumed. F. People are multitasking more than ever, trying to maximize productivity by combining meal times with other activities. G. Distracted eaters may make poorer food choices, choosing convenience foods that are often high in sugar, fat, and salt. 考点2 音乐·艺术与成长（共7题） Passage 1 A recent study found people with hobbies reported fewer signs of depression and greater health, happiness than those without hobbies. ___1___ Here are several ideas for how to use them to your advantage. For people who get physically active, the effects can be far-reaching. Running is known to improve cardiovascular (心血管的) fitness. Meanwhile, research shows it improves children’s grades and prevents depression greatly. ___2___ Like running, swimming improves cardiovascular health and lung capacity. Time in the water can reduce mood disorders and strengthen memory function. Moreover, while swimmers and joggers lived a few years longer, tennis players survived by almost a decade. ___3___ Diet, like exercise, is basic to good health. Preparing meals at home is an effective way. Kids who garden develop green fingers and life skills, becoming more focused and confident. After you harvest fresh vegetables together, it’s time to enter the kitchen. Research shows cooking — following recipes, measuring ingredients, multitasking — reduces stress and inspires memory. Plus, here is good news for art lovers. According to one study, most participants felt more confident after making art for as little as 45 minutes. Another related study found painting greatly lowered participants’ levels of stress. ___4___ Music therapy is known to improve patients’ concentration and reduce pain or tiredness. Simply stepping outdoors is one of the best things you can do. Nature has the power to reduce risks of mental illness and improve people’s creative thinking and memory performances. A research proved time in green spaces such as forests and rivers has healing power and strengthens the immune system.___5___ Then go home and put on some favorite music while you cook up dinner with your kids. Call it a day of healthy hobbies. A. Guide your kids from the garden to the kitchen table. B. In all, develop your hobbies and make full use of them. C. However, music has a positive influence on overall health. D. Playing or listening to music can also strengthen one’s health. E. Also, the research recommended some especially healthy choices. F. So, take an evening or a weekend walk in the woods or around a lake. G. Swimming is another whole-body exercise suitable for people of all ages. Passage 2 Do you enjoy entertainment (使快乐) an audience, love music and know how to use technology? ____1____ DJs, or disc jockeys, are artists who create memorable musical experiences for audiences. Whether working on the radio, at a club or for special events, a DJ must entertain listeners. ____2____ They must not only know various kinds of music but also select music to suit different events and audiences. DJs must be confident in skillfully guiding their listeners through an enjoyable experience using music. ____3____ So DJs must be capable of using computers and music-mixing software. DJs must also be ready to think on their feet when their equipment does not work properly. Finally, DJs must be good at working with people and organizations so that they can get more DJing opportunities. If you dream of becoming a DJ, there are some key steps to follow. First, decide if DJing is just a hobby or your future career. ____4____ What skills do you already have? What skills do you need to develop? Listen to many styles of music, and start building your music playlists. Buy basic music-mixing software, and practice creating a continuous flow of music. As you improve, develop your style, and record your mixes. Post your mixes online to get followers, and make connections with other DJs to learn from them. Experience is key! Volunteer to DJ for local events and on radio stations. Build relationships with organizations, and offer your DJ services. ____5____ A. DJs need a particular skill set. B. Technology is a big part of the job. C. There are several challenges of being a DJ. D. If so, DJing might be a great career for you. E. We have to decide what type of DJ you want to become. F. This will help you know how much time and money to put into it. G. The more people know about you, the more chances you'll get to DJ. Passage 3 Music’s role is much more than entertainment. Scientific studies show it activates nearly every brain region and keeps lots of brain networks strong, including those networks about emotion, happiness, movement and learning. ____1____ For example, hospitals use calming music to ease patients’ anxiety before operation, which proves music can touch emotions beyond words. Neuroscientists find that familiar songs set off dopamine (多巴胺) release, creating natural joy without medication. Music also builds bridges where words fail. At global events like the Olympics, national anthems (国歌) unite audience, stirring up strong emotional resonance (共鸣). ____2____ The result turned out as expected. Researchers from MIT found that singing in a choir may reduce loneliness and increase interest in life among diverse older adults, including those with Alzheimer’s disease who lost some memory. ____3____ Studies showed that music therapy can help older adults with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders improve their walking and reduce falls. Music improves the performance in study. ____4____ More surprisingly, language learners mastering vocabulary through song lyrics progressed 30% faster than traditional methods. Students learning art report higher productivity with background instrumental music — brainwave synchronization explains this boost. Everyone can access its benefits without training. Try exploring free music apps, sharing meaningful songs with friends, or attending local concerts. Even singing softly to yourself when stressed can lower blood pressure. ____5____ Its power is everywhere, ready for you to find and use. A. Music helps the old people feel much happier. B. Music even shows promise in preventing injury. C. Music provides emotional benefits in many ways. D. Doctors often play soft music to relax the patients. E. As Plato noted, “Music gives soul to the universe.” F. Students listening to classical pieces show 20% better concentration. G. Scientists examined whether music could improve old people’s well-being. Passage 4 For high school students, free time is a precious gift that should be cherished. ____1____ Many students fall into aimless scrolling through social media or end up feeling bored and unfulfilled. But it doesn’t have to be this way. We can turn these spare moments into meaningful and rewarding time — one that enriches our lives, promotes personal growth, and brings us joy, not just keeps us busy with useless tasks. ____2____ For example, to improve English, you can plan to read one short English article or learn 10 new words every day. Specific goals not only avoid aimlessness but also give your spare time a clear direction and purpose. When you know exactly what you want to achieve, every minute counts. Also, focus on activities that bring you joy and help you grow. ____3____ Whether it’s painting, playing an instrument, or coding, these hobbies not only relax your mind but also develop your creativity and practical skills, making your free time more fulfilling. The key is to find something that challenges you just enough to keep you engaged without causing stress. Learning to say “no” to unimportant things also matters a lot. ____4____ Many students feel pressured to join every social event or help others with trivial tasks, which ends up wasting their precious free time. Politely declining these invitations frees up more time for what truly matters to you. Remember, your time is limited, and you cannot please everyone while still taking care of yourself. ____5____ So start your plan now and make every free moment meaningful. A. An important step is to set achievable goals for your free time. B. This way, your free time becomes a source of genuine fulfillment. C. You don’t have to fill every minute of your free time with activities. D. This skill allows you to prioritize your own needs over others’ demands. E. It is important to balance productivity with relaxation in your free time. F. You can take up a hobby that challenges you while bringing satisfaction. G. Yet in reality, these hours often slip through our fingers before we notice. Passage 5 Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___1__ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___2__ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. ___3__ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___4__ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___5__ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965). G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio. Passage 6 For most of my life, I always treated taste as fixed. When I moved to London, I threw myself into work while my housemates were endlessly trying new things. My automatic “no” to anything that “wasn’t my thing” only kept me trapped in the same daily routine. That left me feeling flat and a little empty. I began to question whether my taste is fixed or could be trained. I once read that children need eight to fifteen tries to accept a new food. ___1___ I decided to start small. When a friend invited me to a book club, I resisted the instinct (本能) to dismiss it despite my longstanding dislike of reading and went anyway. ___2___ Now I spend mornings reading physical books instead of wandering aimlessly. Then came music and performance — all things I had previously disregarded. ___3___ Gradually, I became fascinated by the unfamiliar rhythms and movements and felt proud of my survival in the end. ___4___ However, I stopped saying no before I had even begun. Most recently, I tried out my local library’s chess club. I was easily 30 years younger than everyone else, but that didn’t matter. Sitting opposite people with wildly different life stories made me realize how rarely I speak with other generations. We talked about their past careers, local news and new chess moves. Interestingly, I felt more connected there than with people of my age. Research suggests that engaging your curiosity in new activities can help protect against age - related cognitive (认知的) decline. ___5___ Getting outside my comfort zone now gives me a rush. A. Yet, I was eager for engagement. B. I didn’t love everything straight away. C. For me, it is far more than brain health. D. Initially, I was awkward and sometimes confused. E. As expected, new tastes rarely come without discomfort. F. To my surprise, I enjoyed the discussion and the people there. G. Why shouldn’t the same principle apply to social activities for adults? Passage 7 Creative expression, particularly through learning and making music, greatly improves well-being and meaning in later life, promoting mental, emotional, and even physical health as people age. For older adults, activities like attending a songwriting workshop or joining a chorus go beyond mere leisure. They become a pathway to what Aristotle called “eudaemonia”, a life well-lived. ___1___ Music offers a unique way for such meaningfulness, which often grows from deep connection. Whether it is the dedication to mastering an instrument, the excitement of creating music on the spot, or the sweetness of listening to a familiar tune, older adults do not engage in music as lone individuals. ___2___ Such meaningful involvement can even turn musical tools — a piano, a violin, or a digital device — into extensions of the person. ___3___ This reflects the saying, “You are what you do.” Some famous musicians travel with their own instruments, which proves how deeply music can shape personal identity. ___4___ As dancer Twyla Tharp remarked, “Art is the only way to run away without leaving home.” The emotional uplift indirectly supports health by boosting memory, lowering stress, and strengthening social ties — all crucial for aging well. Deep engagement in music adds meaning to later life, bringing happiness through creativity and commitment. ___5___ Actually, music enriches lives at every age, so promoting creative expression through it should be a central aim in education and enrichment for everyone. A. It’s mostly the result of external entertainment. B. Becoming a “musician” is thus a worthy goal for older adults. C. They bond with others, culture, and their own growing sense of self. D. The more often one plays an instrument, the greater joy one may gain. E. Creative musical experience also provides an escape from daily routines. F. With skill and regular practice, the instrument becomes part of who one is. G. This is not brief pleasure, but lasting happiness that comes from living meaningfully. 考点3 传媒与网络生活（共3题） Passage 1 Using data collected from an online game, my colleagues and I could analyse how over 850,000 people learned to play. ___1___ For the first time it showed detailedly the shape of the learning curve, allowing us to test existing theories of learning, and suggesting some new ideas on the best ways to learn. Space your practice Our analysis showed people leaving longer gaps between practice attempts tend to score higher. In fact, the longer, the higher. Our finding confirms lots of other researches: if you are to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming (临时抱佛脚). ___2___ But if you are organized enough, you can spend less time revising and remember more. ___3___ Our theory is that these people are exploring how the game works at the beginning, rather than trying to get the very highest score they can every time. The moral is clear: invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run. Practise the thing you’ll be tested on ___4___ If your exam involves writing, you need to practise essay-writing. Just memorizing the material is not enough. Playing an online game is a skill, so is writing exam answers. You have to practise making them so that you can better master them. Structure information rather than remembering it Trying to remember has almost no effect on whether you do remember it at all. The implication for revision is clear. ___5___ Instead, you need to reorganize the information in the approach called depth of processing — a useful way to ensure material gets rooted in your memory, such as thinking about how what you’re reading relates to other material, or practising writing answers, etc. A. This is easier said than done. B. Make sure you fail occasionally. C. Balance revision with leisure time. D. Just looking at your notes won’t help you learn them. E. The resulting scientific paper has just been published in Psychology. F. The big mistake many students make is not practising what they will be tested on. G. Practising scanning information is one of the best ways to ensure you remember it. Passage 2 How to handle changes in your friendship group? Friends are important. From time to time, however, the balance in friendships can change. One of the biggest reasons is that someone new joins the group. ____1____ The good news is that there are ways to navigate the ups and downs of friendships while remaining part of a positive, happy, and supportive circle. Keep an open mind Changes in friendship groups can be unsettling, especially if everything had been going well beforehand. You might be concerned things feel awkward or different, or that you might become jealous if a new person joins your circle. ____2____ You can’t stop your friends having new people in their lives, so try to see encounters with fresh faces as an exciting opportunity. Widen your circle If your best friends seem to stop being interested in you and appear to be investing all their time in a new friend, take time to think about the situation before rushing to confront（对峙）them. ____3____ Having different friends is a positive thing, so if it’s the case that they’re welcoming new people into the fold, try to make peace with it and think about how you can make other friends, too. ____4____ Recognize that they and you will have a mixture of pals and they’ll enhance your life in different ways. Know your worth Friends are amazing and can carry you through good and bad times, but you’re not defined by others, and you deserve people who want to be in your life. Everyone changes, and there might come a time when friends no longer wish to spend time with you. ____5____ Keep your head held high, walk tall, and stay true to your authentic self. Remember that real friends value you for who and what you are. A. Help your friends be open-minded. B. Imagine how you’d feel if you were left alone. C. This doesn’t mean giving up on your best friends. D. Even if you can’t change their minds, you can keep your dignity. E. Remind yourself that friendships develop throughout life - it’s natural. F. You might dislike the change, wishing things had stayed as they were. G. Ask yourself if they’re really ignoring you or just widening their circle? Passage 3 Few activities are more engaging than storytelling. Students are primed to tell stories, and teachers can design digital storytelling as capstone projects (毕业设计). Storytelling naturally ignites emotion, leading to memorable learning, and allows movies to serve as summative assessments. Getting started requires guiding students to develop a script. ____1____ A key point is that digital stories differ from reports. Merely reciting facts creates a product easily generated by AI. A better strategy is to ask students to wrap their learning in a narrative structure. Narrative provides a framework for learning new information. For example, students can personify a concept like rational numbers or a historical object. ____2____ . ____3____ They can plan their movie using a storyboard or two-column script. Take some time to teach explicitly the concept of “agreement”, or matching what the viewer sees to what they hear in the script. Thinking about this complementary process, and taking the time to plan visuals and sounds, allows students to build audiovisual literacy skills, too. The most important component of a student movie project is the sound. Viewers overlook technical flaws but struggle with poor audio. Students should practice scripts aloud for fluency. ____4____ During editing, remind students of agreement between visuals and audio. ____5____ As for audio, music has a powerful impact on storytelling because it tells viewers how to feel. Foster audio literacy by discussing tone and mood. Help students understand how song selection affects the audience’s perception of their ideas. In addition, provide copyright-free sound resources for them to use. Finally, provide repeated opportunities for video creation across subjects. This develops storytelling proficiency and fluency. A. Meanwhile, they should consider clear recording techniques. B. Auditory effects should always be the focus of student projects. C. Start simply, then encourage exploring features like green screens. D. After having a solid script, students should move on to planning their film. E. However, many students initially approach it like writing a traditional report. F. For instance, using earbuds with microphones can greatly improve sound quality. G. Using universal story structures, they integrate facts into a character’s experience. 考点4 社会与人际（共4题） Passage 1 “Feeling hungry all of a sudden? Whatever you fancy, it’s just a tap away on food delivery apps. Sunday brunch plans cancelled? Skip the queues and get your favorite food delivered right to your door.” These are typical marketing lines that delivery platforms use daily to attract customers to place orders. ____1____ One main reason for choosing food delivery lies in its convenience. ____2____ There is no need to dress up, travel a long way to restaurants or wait in endless crowds. Time saved can be spent on leftover schoolwork and delayed housework. When convenience is prioritized, home delivery surely wins over eating out. ____3____ For introverts (内向的人), ordering food online is practically a must. Thanks to contactless delivery, we can ask riders to leave meals at the door handles and pick them up later. After getting food, we may curl up on the sofa in casual clothes and enjoy shows while eating, a comfortable experience hard to gain from dining outside. Dine-out lovers claim delivery costs more with extra delivery fees and marked-up dish prices. ____4____ The extra payments actually serve to fairly reward hard-working delivery riders. Every extra penny helps support riders’ livelihoods, which makes ordering delivery worthwhile. All things considered, home delivery turns out to be a wiser choice. ____5____ It saves our energy, offers cozy enjoyment and helps feed delivery workers, leaving little reason to prefer dining out. A. It helps escape tiring face-to-face communication. B. Some people still prefer to dine in local restaurants. C. And behind this choice are multiple practical benefits. D. It saves us all the trouble of preparing for eating outside. E. However, these extra fees are quite reasonable from another angle. F. Some small restaurants lower prices to compete with online delivery services. G. Despite ignoring these ads, most people still prefer ordering delivery to dining out. Passage 2 Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. _____1_____ Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____2____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him. Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects. Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____3____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about. Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____4____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience. ____5____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too. Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being. A. Thank the person who awed you. B. And recall it or write about it later. C. Psychologists call it interpersonal awe. D. But it does happen in smaller moments. E. Make a positive response to the other person. F. The story you tell yourself blinds you to catching people at their best. G. Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe. Passage 3 4 Ways to Calm a Tense Situation Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to find common ground again. ____1____ Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first. If you ever feel unsafe, it is always okay to set boundaries, ask for help, or walk away. ●Use “Opposite Energy” When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only makes things worse. ____2____ Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully. When one person remains reasonable, the argument usually cools down much faster. ●Stick to the Main Point Sometimes, one small problem can bring up every other past complaint. Try not to get distracted by these side issues or hurtful comments. Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand. ____3____ ●Mind Your Words and Body Language ____4____ Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing your arms. Instead, use open-ended questions to let the other person express themselves. Use positive phrases like, “Let’s solve this together,” or “I see your point,” to show that you understand and want to find an answer. ●Listen to the Feelings Behind the Words When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings. ____5____ Are they scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words. Even if you disagree, everyone wants to feel heard. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you are listening, and repeat their concerns in your own words to show you truly understand. A. Instead, try to break the pattern. B. Avoid focusing on their negative feelings. C. The following tips may help you stay safe. D. You can always deal with smaller issues later. E. Try to understand why they are acting this way. F. Try these techniques to promote more productive discussions. G. Your communication style can make the situation better or worse. Passage 4 Curiosity is part of human nature. Children are famous for wanting answers to tons of questions. Books and TV shows often rely on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. ___1___ Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how processes worked or how certain tasks could be done more effectively. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them. Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. ___2___ Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you better informed and thus a more capable worker. What do you do if you’re not already curious? ___3___ If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes. As you learn about a topic, gather information from as many sources as possible. Read a variety of books, watch or listen to lectures and ask questions. ___4___ Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view. ___5___ Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge. In the classroom or out of it, developing curiosity is sure to be worthwhile. A. Ask a lot of questions. B. Curiosity also provides many practical benefits. C. Accept a variety of resources to feed your curiosity. D. Fortunately, curiosity is a skill that can be improved. E. Don’t always get your information from the same source. F. Curiosity drives the process of discoveries and innovation. G. And you’ll do better because you’ll be fully engaged in the learning process. 考点5体育运动与体育精神（共2题） Passage 1 The use of technology in sports is supposed to be able to provide accurate and instant feedback, with better decision-making and fewer errors than human intervention. ____1____ The annual tennis tournament, Wimbledon, made the decision this year to replace their line judges. They were switched out for AI that analyses camera footage, which should be faster and more accurate. Nevertheless, the electronic line calling system failed just a week into the 2025 championship. ____2____ This meant a point had to be replayed, which resulted in Sonay Kartal controversially winning the game. If technology needs humans to operate it in the first place, whose fault is it in situations like these where things go wrong? In football, VAR (video assistant referee) is also regularly used these days. A referee can ask for a VAR check, which means that if they are unsure of a decision, they can double-check their own judgement. However, last football season, VAR made oversights which angered a lot of managers, players and fans. ___3___ Despite this, before VAR, 82% of the decisions made were considered correct; now that figure is 96%. ___4___ Professor Gina Neff from Cambridge University says that we have a very strong, in-built sense of fairness. “The machine makes decisions based on the set of rules it’s been programmed to apply,” she said. “Right now, in many areas where AI is touching our lives, we feel like humans understand the context much better than the machine.” ___5___ A. But is that always the case? B. Patience is needed as the system matures. C. They said the system was not fit for purpose. D. Then who should carry the blame when mistakes happen? E. The ball-tracking technology was turned off by a person accidentally. F. So, why do we still not trust technology if it often improves a situation? G. Whether you trust it or not, technology is here to stay, including in sports. Passage 2 As we all know, “Going for a walk” is a popular pastime among older and younger generations. ___1___ . But you may be surprised to hear that wandering through pretty streets or hiking along mountainous ridges have not always been considered leisure activities, according to Daniel Gale, a researcher of walking. He says that in Britain, walking for fun “wasn't really a thing” until the 1780s. ___2___ , and some people associated it with criminal activity. But for Charles Dickens, the famous English 19th Century author, marching through London streets and walking around the countryside was a big part of the creative process; a time to absorb what was going on around him. But if speed-walking isn't your thing, perhaps you can take inspiration from another big- thinking wanderer. ___3___ . He said that he could not preserve his health and spirits unless he spent four hours a day walking at least. ___4___ , but has pedestrian etiquette (行人礼仪) remained the same? A 1780 article for the London Magazine advised pedestrians to avoid things such as walking in conversation and preventing people behind you. Nowadays, we could probably add distracted phone-users to that list. In this modern age, when many of us are tied to our desks and to our screens, the simple act of stepping out onto the city pavements, or getting lost in nature, may make all the difference to our wellbeing. ___5___ ? A. Is it safe to walk the streets alone at night B. By doing so, they help them strengthen their capacities C. This idea of taking a walk to clear your head has survived through to the 21st Century D. That's because it's beneficial for both physical and mental health E. Before that, it was just something people did out of necessity F. Whether you see yourself more as a casual or a purposeful walker, why not build a habit out of it G. 19th Century American writer Henry David Thoreau took a slower approach Passage 1 文章主要介绍2024年伦敦国王学院的一项注意力研究，指出49%的英国公众正经历“爆米花大脑”——一种注意力分散、思绪飘忽的心理状态。心理学家Tina Chummun给出思维导图法、思绪回归训练、减少科技使用、留白独处等建议。文章展现心理学、传媒与健康生活的交叉，传递“在信息过载时代，学会管理注意力、保护深度思考”的理念。 【新素材·爆米花大脑】According to a 2024 attention study by King’s College London, 49% of the UK public are experiencing “popcorn (爆米花) brain”, a mental state featuring divided attention and wandering thoughts. ___1___ In response to the findings, psychologist Tina Chummun gives her top tips. Adopt the mind map method. To manage a distracted (分心的) mind, write down everything, like appointments, worries and to - dos, without organizing it initially. Once everything is on paper, group these into life areas like work or emotional wellbeing. ___2___ This creates order and gives your brain permission to concentrate. Every time you feel your thoughts wandering, give yourself three seconds — breathe in, name what you’re feeling, and redirect your focus. ___3___ By doing so, you may turn down the heat when your brain is working overtime. Minimizing tech is also the key to getting back on track in your daily life. A full digital withdrawal is unrealistic. ___4___ Then it could be followed by a five-minute screen time reward. It teaches your brain to tolerate stillness without feeling punished. ___5___ At first, you may feel bored, as popcorn brain likes being ‘go go go’ to feel safe. “Go for a walk without music, or simply stare out your window,” suggests Tina. “Sit in silence and observe your thoughts. Let your brain breathe. It is sometimes exactly what your nervous system needs.” So, are you ready to quiet the mental popcorn and get your focus back? A. Allow space in your day for doing nothing. B. So, what’s making our brains pop like popcorn? C. Instead, go totally screen-free for 25-30 minutes. D. Starving distractions and feeding focus is a nice idea. E. Then ask yourself: what matters now and what can wait? F. They feel their attention less focused and deep thinking rarer. G. This practice enables you to slow down and manage emotions. Passage 2 文章主要介绍时差反应的成因、影响以及缓解方法。文章指出，人体内部生物钟依靠光照维持24小时节律，跨时区旅行会打乱这一节律。科学家发现，通过提前调整光照和睡眠、使用Timeshifter等App、合理安排进餐时间和食物构成，可以减轻时差反应。文章展现健康、生物与科技的交叉，传递“科学认识生物钟，合理安排作息，才能更好地适应现代生活”的理念。 【新素材·时差反应】We’ve all been there after a long trip — staring blankly at emails, counting the hours until bed. Yet when 2 a.m. hits, you’re still wide awake, mindlessly looking through social media, trapped in the control of jet lag. ___1___ Our internal clock governs everything from sleep to digestion to hormones (激素分泌) and uses light to maintain its natural 24-hour cycle. But when we land in a new time zone, and day suddenly turns to night, this rhythm is thrown off balance. ___2___ But scientists have found ways to help our bodies keep up. Even reducing jet lag by a day can improve the productivity and well-being of so many people. The best strategy? Tricking yourself into a new rhythm before travel. ___3___ For example, Timeshifter, an app developed by a neuroscientist and his team, suggests a personalized schedule for light exposure and sleep based on flight arrangements. ___4___ While the brain is our master clock, other tissues like the liver and muscles have their own clocks that regulate metabolism (新陈代谢), the body’s process of turning food into energy. That is, meal timing and composition could also be key to reducing jet lag. In reality, there are lots of things that come into play. ___5___ While we don’t yet have a way to comprehensively avoid jet lag, at least researchers and airlines aren’t asleep on the job in their hunt for a cure. A. A complete cure for jet lag is unlikely to find. B. So how can we deal with the annoying jet lag? C. That’s the price for crossing time zones too fast. D. There are some tools to help with this, of course. E. Meanwhile, different people have different rhythms. F. The key to the trick is to manage your light exposure. G. However, jet lag isn’t just about light exposure and sleep. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $