考前押题01 阅读理解5大常考话题（期中专项训练） 高二英语上学期译林版

考前押题01 阅读理解5大常考话题 考点1 健康生活与积极心态（常考点） 考点2 文学·影视与音乐 考点3 传媒与网络生活 考点4 体育运动与体育精神（常考点） 考点5 绘画与建筑艺术（难点） ① 通读全文，先抓主旨与结构：先看标题、首段、末段和每段首句，判断文章是应用文、说明文、议论文还是记叙文，明确“谁在说、说什么、为什么说”。 ② 细节题：先题干，后原文，再比对：圈出题干关键词（人名、时间、地点、数字、动词），回原文定位，注意同义替换、近义表达和范围大小，防止“张冠李戴”或“以偏概全”。 ③ 推断题：立足原文，不选原文原句：答案通常不是原文直接照搬，而是根据原文信息合理推断。注意作者态度、人物言外之意、段落写作目的和文章出处。 ④ 词义猜测题：看上下文，找并列、转折、解释、举例：画线词前后常有同义词、反义词、定语从句、破折号、冒号或举例说明，利用这些线索判断词义。 ⑤ 主旨大意题：看首尾，抓高频词，避免局部信息：标题和主旨题要覆盖全文，不能只概括某一段。常考“最佳标题”“主要目的”“文章大意”。 ⑥ 应用文题：先看题干，再回表格/小标题定位：通知、广告、节日介绍、网站指南等，重点看时间、价格、条件、对象、联系方式等细节。 ⑦ 说明文/议论文题：注意研究结论、观点态度和逻辑关系：说明文常考研究发现、实验过程、结论启示；议论文常考作者观点、论证方式、语气态度。 ⑧ 新情境/跨学科题：关注科技、心理、艺术、体育、环保等话题：这类题往往不是单纯找信息，而是考理解、推断、评价和迁移，注意“科学+艺术”“科技+伦理”“运动+健康”等综合视角。 考点1 健康生活与积极心态（共6题） Passage 1 Save the Date-September 12-14, 2025-Early Bird Tickets on Sale Now! Pawpaws (木瓜) to the People The Ohio Pawpaw Festival is a fun-filled, educational community event celebrating one of America’s largest native tree fruits, the pawpaw. It’s a creamy, tropical-tasting (热带风味的) fruit. It is both nutritious and historically important. This all-weekend event highlights the rich history and future possibilities of the pawpaw through delicious food and drinks and a full line-up of presentations and activities that cover pawpaw growing, cooking, medical use and other topics related to sustainability. Don’t miss the big events: contests for the best/biggest pawpaw, a cook-off, an art competition, and the ever-popular pawpaw-eating contest. Pawpaws for the Planet! You all know the pawpaw is a green fruit, and the festival has a reputation for being the same way. In addition to the solar-powered stage and reusable beer glasses, this year’s sellers have agreed to serve food on eco-friendly table service items only. They are 100% bought in to a new zero waste policy. So we hope you’ll buy in, too! To make all of these efforts possible, we need some devoted volunteers. Volunteers get a free weekend pass, a T-shirt, and access to top recycling systems. Please sign up through the festival’s volunteer application. To learn more about zero waste efforts in the region, visit ruralaction.org/our-work /zero-waste. Join us for an unforgettable weekend of flavor, fun, and sustainability—secure your tickets today before they sell out! 1. What do we know about the Ohio Pawpaw Festival? A. It’s both informative and entertaining. B. It lasts for a whole week this year. C. It involves a pawpaw-planting competition. D. It celebrates the largest pawpaw in Africa. 2. How many eco-friendly measures of the festival are mentioned? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To report a news story. B. To offer travel tips. C. To introduce a fruit. D. To promote an event. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章通过介绍木瓜的益处以及它与绿色环保相关来推广俄亥俄州木瓜节，并且征集志愿者协助开展该节日活动。 1. 细节理解题。根据Pawpaws (木瓜) to the People部分中的“It is both nutritious and historically important. This all-weekend event highlights the rich history and future possibilities of the pawpaw through delicious food and drinks and a full line-up of presentations and activities that cover pawpaw growing, cooking, medical use and other topics related to sustainability.Don’t miss the big events: contests for the best/biggest pawpaw, a cook-off, an art competition, and the ever-popular pawpaw-eating contest(它既营养丰富，又具有历史意义。这整个周末的活动通过美味的食物和饮品，涵盖木瓜种植、烹饪、医疗用途以及其他与可持续性相关主题的完整展示和活动，强调木瓜丰富的历史和未来的发展潜力。不要错过这些重大活动：最佳/最大的木瓜比赛、烹饪大赛、艺术比赛以及一直受欢迎的吃木瓜比赛)”可知，俄亥俄州木瓜节不仅让人们了解木瓜的相关知识，而且还有娱乐性比赛。A项表示“它既增进知识又有娱乐性”，与推断相吻合。故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据Pawpaws for the Planet!部分中的“In addition to the solar-powered stage and reusable beer glasses, this year’s sellers have agreed to serve food on eco-friendly table service items only.(除了太阳能供电舞台和可重复使用的啤酒杯之外，今年的卖家们还承诺只使用环保餐桌服务项目提供食物)”可知，该节日有三种环保措施。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据Pawpaws (木瓜) to the People部分中的“The Ohio Pawpaw Festival is a fun-filled, educational community event celebrating one of America’s largest native tree fruits, the pawpaw.(俄亥俄州的木瓜节是一场充满乐趣且富有教育意义的社区活动，旨在庆祝美国最大的本土树果——木瓜)”和末段“ Join us for an unforgettable weekend of flavor, fun, and sustainability—secure your tickets today before they sell out!(加入我们，共度一个充满风味、欢乐且注重可持续性的难忘周末吧——请尽快预订门票，以免售罄)”可知，本文旨在推广木瓜节活动。故选D项。 第2小题，只看到“solar-powered stage”和“reusable beer glasses”就急于选 Two，忽略后文“serve food on eco-friendly table service items only”也是环保措施，导致漏数一个。做这类“数字列举题”时，要逐条圈出原文中的并列信息，防止“漏数”或“多数”。 Passage 2 I am somewhat a hard-working woman and don’t like to fail a test. Thus, you can imagine my horror when a friend and I took an online personality test to determine levels of optimism, and I’m sadder than Eeyore, a pessimistic cartoon figure! I had assumed that, as an optimist like Pooh, another cartoon figure, I saw the best in people, happier than pessimists. There was no reason to suggest this was true, but so deeply did I believe it that I felt ashamed of my test. I tried to justify the result to my friend: it was a bad week; the weather was depressing; I wasn’t a pessimist; I was a realist. My poor pessimistic self kept explaining until my friend put me out of my pain. Pessimism and optimism are just a state of being, and we can move between the two. Apparently, there are three things to think about here. First, how personally do you take things? If a friend is in a bad mood, do you assume it is to do with you, or that they’re just a bit upset that day? Optimists favour the latter and know they’re not responsible for everything all around. Second, how pervasive (遍布的) is a feeling for you? If something goes wrong, do you see it as a single incident, or a sign that more bad luck will follow? Eeyores see a missed morning alarm as a dark sign for the entire day. Finally, how permanent do you think a situation is? Poohs believe in the saying, “This too shall pass,” but Eeyores believe a bad situation will stay that way forever. I started to see how my current view of the world was making me a pessimist. I know I can take things personally but, when I took the test, I was burnt out at work and feeling like I was letting everyone down. So, how to change? I started small-when I was feeling unhappy in a situation, I’d ask myself, “How would a Pooh see this?” I repeated the saying and chose to believe in hope, because that’s what optimists do. 1. What was the author’s response to the test result? A. She took it seriously. B. She treated it as a joke. C. She chose to ignore it. D. She admitted its accuracy. 2. What might be a proper understanding of optimism and pessimism? A. Optimism causes more harm than pessimism. B. Optimism and pessimism are defined by tests. C. Both of them are just a matter of personal choice. D. They are fixed and normally not interchangeable. 3. What might Poohs think after a possible traffic accident? A. It is always others’ fault. B. It is a single incident. C. It is a warning to drive less. D. It is a bad sign of misfortune. 4. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Enjoy Your Moment B. Pooh to Eeyore! C. Believe Until You Make It D. Say No to Personality Tests! 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者参加在线性格测试的经历，引出关于乐观与悲观态度的讨论，并深入分析了影响个人乐观或悲观倾向的三个因素。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I had assumed that, as an optimist like Pooh, another cartoon figure, I saw the best in people, happier than pessimists. There was no reason to suggest this was true, but so deeply did I believe it that I felt ashamed of my test. I tried to justify the result to my friend: it was a bad week; the weather was depressing; I wasn’t a pessimist; I was a realist.(我一直以为自己像另一个卡通人物小熊维尼一样是个乐观主义者，我总是看到人们最好的一面，比悲观主义者更快乐。虽然没有任何理由表明这是真的，但我深信不疑，以至于对自己的测试结果感到羞愧。我试图向朋友解释这个结果：这一周过得太糟糕了；天气令人沮丧；我不是个悲观主义者；我是个现实主义者。)”可知，作者对自己的测试结果感到羞愧，并试图向朋友解释这个结果，这表明她认真对待了这个测试结果。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“My poor pessimistic self kept explaining until my friend put me out of my pain. Pessimism and optimism are just a state of being and we can move between the two.(我那可怜的悲观自我一直在解释，直到朋友让我摆脱了痛苦。悲观和乐观只是一种存在状态，我们可以在两者之间转换。)”可知，人们可以在不同情况下根据自己的认知和情绪反应，在乐观和悲观之间做出选择或转换。因此，这是一种个人选择。故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I had assumed that, as an optimist like Pooh, another cartoon figure, I saw the best in people, happier than pessimists.(我一直以为自己像另一个卡通人物小熊维尼一样是个乐观主义者，我总是看到人们最好的一面，比悲观主义者更快乐。)”可知，作者认为小熊维尼是个乐观主义者。再根据文章第三段“If a friend is in a bad mood, do you assume it is to do with you, or that they’re just a bit upset that day? Optimists favour the latter and know they’re not responsible for everything all around. Second, how pervasive(遍布的)is a feeling for you? If something goes wrong, do you see it as a single incident, or a sign that more bad luck will follow? Eeyores see a missed morning alarm as a dark sign for the entire day. Finally, how permanent do you think a situation is? Poohs believe in the saying, “This too shall pass,” but Eeyores believe a bad situation will stay that way forever.(如果朋友心情不好，你会认为这与你有关，还是只是他们那天有点沮丧？乐观主义者倾向于后者，并且知道他们不可能为周围的一切负责。其次，你对一种感觉有多大的普遍性认知？如果出了什么问题，你是把它看作一个单独的事件，还是认为它预示着更多的不幸将会接踵而至？Eeyores会把错过早上的闹钟看作是一整天的不祥之兆。最后，你认为一种情况会持续多久？小熊维尼相信“这一切都会过去的”这句话，但Eeyores却认为糟糕的情况会永远持续下去。)”可推测，乐观主义者倾向于将坏事视为单独的事件，而不是一连串不幸的开始。因此，小熊维尼在可能的交通事故后可能会认为“它是一个单独的事件”。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章通过作者参加在线性格测试，引出对乐观（以小熊维尼为代表）与悲观（以Eeyore为代表）态度的讨论。文章强调，乐观和悲观并非固定不变，而是可以在个人努力和意识转变下发生变化的。选项B“Pooh to Eeyore!”直接引用了文章中的两个角色，小熊维尼（乐观的代表）和Eeyore（悲观的代表），通过“到”这个词暗示了从悲观向乐观的转变，与文章主旨相符。故选B。 第2小题，易把“Pessimism and optimism are just a state of being and we can move between the two”误解为“乐观和悲观是固定不变的”，从而误选 D。关键要抓住“we can move between the two”，说明二者可以转换，不是固定不变。 Passage 3 There are many fantastic health benefits of exercise, but does exercise affect hair growth? It may seem unlikely that your workout would be able to provide protection against the seemingly unavoidable hair loss associated with aging, but there may be some link. For one, exercise increases blood circulation and oxygen in blood cells, which benefits hair follicles (毛囊). This can allow the growth phase of hair to be longer. Exercise can also put an end to certain stress, which is one of the factors involved in hair thinning. Consistent exercise may prevent hair loss. Additionally, exercise will always have a positive effect on your overall health, thus positively affecting your hair growth as well. It’s unrealistic to think that a single run or a couple of yoga classes will immediately reverse hair loss and cause a bunch of new hair strands to spring up. Interestingly, not all types of exercise are equal when it comes to promoting hair growth. Strength training is not as good as any sort of aerobic (有氧的) exercise. Hair loss can be classified into two types: permanent and temporary. Most irreversible hair loss is a product of your gene (基因), whereas hair loss caused by lifestyle choices is usually temporary and can be changed by improving your general health. Although hair loss is not associated with marathon running or any other intense endurance training, it can be affected if you aren’t taking care of your body to support your training. In addition to exercise, following a healthy lifestyle, such as getting enough sleep, not smoking and eating a nutrient-dense diet can promote hair growth. Finally, leaving sweat on your hair after exercise can also make a difference. Hair can become blocked and weak if sweat stays on the head for a long time. Showering after exercise will prevent this. 1. How does exercise benefit the hair according to the text? A. It can relieve people’s stress. B. It can help produce some useful chemicals. C. It takes away some bad things in people’s blood. D. It increases the number of people’s hair follicles positively. 2. What does the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Witness. B. Speed. C. Demonstrate. D. Change. 3. Which can be regarded as a permanent factor for hair loss? A. Exercising habits. B. Lifestyle choices. C. Genetic weakness. D. Living environment. 4. Why is showering after exercise suggested in the text? A. To stop sweat from harming hair growth. B. To keep you smelling pleasant. C. To better take care of your skin. D. To make you feel relaxed. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。锻炼会影响毛发生长吗？回答是肯定的。如何影响？在哪些方面？文章将逐一解读。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Exercise can also put an end to certain stress, which is one of the factors involved in hair thinning.(锻炼还可以消除某些压力，这是导致头发稀疏的因素之一)”可知，锻炼可以减轻某些压力，而压力与头发变得稀薄有关系。故选A。 2. 词义猜测题。根据画线词后“cause a bunch of new hair strands to spring up(让一簇新头发如雨后春笋般涌现)”可知，本句句意：指望跑一次步或上几节瑜伽课就能突然“逆转”脱发，并让一簇新头发如雨后春笋般涌现，这是不现实的。change与reverse意义相近。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Most irreversible hair loss is a product of your gene (基因)(大多数不可逆转的脱发是基因的产物)”可知，大多数不可逆转的脱发是你的基因的产物。故选C。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hair can become blocked and weak if sweat stays on the head for a long time. Showering after exercise will prevent this.(如果汗水长时间停留在头上，头发会变得堵塞和脆弱。运动后洗澡可以防止这种情况)”可知，运动过后头发上的汗水会阻碍头发生长，使之变得脆弱。运动后淋浴会防止这个结果的产生。故选A。 Passage 4 You finish a meal, feel completely full, and then someone opens a box of dessert. A moment ago, your body seemed finished with food. Now, suddenly, dessert sounds possible. We usually think of hunger as the only thing that drives eating. In one sense, that’s true. But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… A recent study in Appetite studied why we may not be able to avoid overeating when faced with these food cues. For the study, 90 university students rated their current hunger and the desirability of eleven foods and on this basis two foods of equal rating were selected. Halfway through the experiment, they were fed one of the two foods until they no longer wanted more of it. After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. The study confirmed that people themselves reported experiencing this. However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. This study helps explain one of the most frustrating aspects of eating. Overeating is not always a simple failure of willpower. It may begin earlier than that, in the split second when a food cue grabs the brain before deliberate control has had time to catch up. This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. 1. What is the modern challenge of eating? A. Wide availability of food. B. Intense biological hunger. C. Mounting emotional pressure. D. Frequent exposure to food signals. 2. What does the underlined word “devaluation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A drop in its market price. B. A growing attraction to people. C. A decline in its original appeal. D. A reduction in its daily supply. 3. What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A. To question the study’s findings. B. To introduce a new food experiment. C. To explain the reason behind hunger. D. To reveal the mind-brain contradiction. 4. What can we learn about self-control from the last paragraph? A. It results from the first food evaluation. B. It develops through repeated practice. C. It involves acting against lasting urges. D. It requires getting rid of desire for food. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文主要介绍了现代环境中频繁的食物线索会触发大脑自动奖赏信号，导致人们难以抗拒诱惑而过度进食，说明自控是抑制而非消除欲望。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… (但现代生活中充斥着人类生理机制尚未完全适应的事物：源源不断的食物线索——包装、面包店橱窗、外卖照片……)”可知，现代饮食的挑战是频繁接触食物信号。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. (饭后，参与者再次评分，结果，他们认为他们吃的食物没那么有吸引力，食物显示出devaluation。到目前为止，这听起来像是常识：如果你吃了足够的薯片，薯片应该会变得不那么诱人。如果你吃了足够的布朗尼，布朗尼应该会失去一些魔力。)”可知，devaluation指的是食物变得不那么诱人，食物原有吸引力的下降。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. (然而，当研究人员记录学生大脑中的奖励积极信号时，结果却有所不同。当参与者看到他们刚刚塞满自己的食物的图像时，早期的大脑信号并没有缩小。大脑可以“知道”一种食物不再值得追求，但大脑的一个快速而自动的部分仍然会对它的提示做出反应，就像它带来了奖励一样。)”可知，第三段旨在揭示大脑自动反应与主观认知之间的矛盾。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. (这表明，自控可能不是从消除诱惑开始，而是通过克服诱惑来实现。第一波评价可能仍会到来，但稍后的过程仍能介入并说“不”。这样看来，自控不是没有欲望。它是超越大脑持续产生的信号的能力。)”可知，自控涉及在持久的冲动面前采取行动予以抵制。 第2小题，“devaluation”容易按字面理解为“贬值”，但此处语境是“吃完后对食物的评价降低”，应理解为“吸引力下降”。词义猜测题不能只背单词本义，必须回到上下文看它在句中的具体含义。 Passage 5 People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. “Many people don’t realize how often their dining choices are made for them,” Chen says. For instance, a boss’s request for overtime changes their dinner plans; or a restaurant discount offer influences where they eat. These, she explains, are passive choices. Chen cites another common complaint: tomatoes that taste plain compared to childhood memories. This reveals a deeper loss — commercially dominant, hard-skinned varieties are “more fitting for long-distance transportation,” sacrificing flavor and the community life once built around fresh markets. Chen also worries about the decline of people’s ability to choose food wisely. Young people buy ingredients online without market experience and may think plain food is just how it’s supposed to be. Chen further notes that online food images are “zombie-like” — they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. However, when she shares tips on selecting fresh produce in markets, she often gets requests for shopping links instead. Chen connects these attitudes to a broader mindset: “Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them.” The focus on results makes delivery appealing, as people believe it guarantees a better outcome. Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. 1. What does the first paragraph mainly introduce? A. Advances in food technology. B. The hidden cost of food convenience. C. Changing habits of dining out. D. The popularity of online food shopping. 2. What does Chen mean by describing online food images as “zombie-like”? A. They look too perfect to be real. B. They discourage interest in cooking. C. They push people to order takeout. D. They fail to show real and lively food. 3. What does people’s preference for delivery reveal? A. Their desire to avoid uncertainty. B. Their over-reliance on technology. C. Their view of cooking as a burden. D. Their separation from food sources. 4. What message does the text want to convey? A. Returning to markets can restore food autonomy. B. The loss of food flavor is unavoidable nowadays. C. Online platforms have changed people’s lifestyle. D. Our relationship with food mirrors our world view. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 【导语】文章主要讲的是食物作家陈玉慧认为在线订餐便利剥夺了人们的饮食自主权，并反映出效率优先的社会中社区生活的丧失，食物是理解世界的最小单位。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. (人们或许并未意识到，生活中的一项基本必需品已经脱离了他们的掌控：那就是食物。随着网络平台的兴起，人们能够以合理的价格迅速获得任何所需物品。然而，美食作家陈玉慧在其著作《谁来决定吃什么》中指出，这种便利性剥夺了人们对食物的自主选择权，反映出在一个注重效率、结果导向的社会中，社区生活出现了更大的缺失。)”可知，本段先指出人们未察觉饮食自主权丧失，随后引用陈玉慧观点，指出外卖平台便利背后隐藏的代价——剥夺了人们的自主权，反映社会注重效率而牺牲社区生活。选项B“食物便利的隐性代价”准确概括此意。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. (它们展示的是毫无生机的食物，不像市场上的新鲜农产品那样有活力，这限制了人们对食物的想象。)”可知，这些图片展示的是没有生气的食物，与市场上鲜活的农产品形成对比。D项“它们未能展现真实而鲜活的食物”与此一致。 3. 推理判断题。文中倒数第二段“Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them. (购买食品和烹饪涉及一定程度的对错误的接受。然而，如今很多人似乎对这些不太有耐心。)”可知，买菜做饭需接受一定犯错可能性，但人们缺乏耐心，注重结果导向使得外卖更受欢迎，因其看似保证更好结果。这反映出人们渴望避免不确定性。A项“他们避免不确定性的愿望”符合文意。 4. 推理判断题。文章最后一段“Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. (除了失去自主权之外，陈还从食物中看到了更深层次的东西——它是一个理解世界的缩影。“如果你喜欢西红柿但觉得它们味道平淡，你会抱怨还是会努力去寻找味道更好的品种呢？寻找合适的品种体现了不同的解决问题的能力，这就是我所说的食物是理解世界最小的单位的原因。”她总结道。)”可知，食物是理解世界的微小单位，人与食物的关系反映了世界观。D项“我们与食物的关系映射我们的世界观”准确传达此信息。 Passage 6 For travelers who love food, attending an international food festival is a perfect way to experience different cultures. The table below lists four of the most famous festivals, each with its unique appeal. At these events, you can taste local specialties, watch cooking shows, and enjoy cultural performances. Melbourne Food and Wine Festival in Australia (Mar. 10-20) The Festival is Australia’s most famous culinary event. Held annually, the festival features wine tastings, chef masterclasses, and an array of outdoor dining experiences. With a strong focus on local produce, sustainable farming, and green winemaking practices, the festival celebrates Melbourne’s diverse food scene — from street food to fine dining. Mistura Food Festival in Peru (Sep. 6-27) As Latin America’s largest food festival, Mistura celebrates Peru’s rich food diversity. It features ingredients from different regions — from Andean potatoes to exotic fruits from the Amazon. Visitors can taste traditional dishes like cuy (roast guinea pig), attend food workshops, watch cultural performances, and shop at handcrafted markets. Taste of Chicago in USA (Jul. 1-31) Taste of Chicago is the world’s largest food festival, drawing millions of visitors yearly to Grant Park. This vibrant event features live music from renowned performers, cooking demonstrations by top chefs, and family-oriented fun activities. The festival showcases the diversity of Chicago’s culinary scene, offering everything from the city’s famous deep-dish pizza and Chicago-style hot dogs to high-end international cuisine, suitable for all ages. Oktoberfest in Germany (Sep. 14-28) Oktoberfest, held annually in Munich, is the world’s biggest beer festival. It centers on Bavarian culture, offering traditional foods such as roast chicken and special beers from Munich’s historic breweries. The festival features lively beer tents, folk music, parades, and cultural performances in traditional Bavarian attire (服装). Guests enjoy carnival rides and games, making it a fun celebration for the whole family. 1. Tourists who enjoy traditional food and crafts would find ________ the best choice. A. Taste of Chicago B. Oktoberfest C. Mistura Food Festival D. Melbourne Food and Wine Festival 2. What sets the Melbourne festival apart from the others? A. It is the largest in its region. B. It includes live music performances. C. It features traditional costume parades. D. It promotes an eco-friendly approach to food. 3. What do Taste of Chicago and Oktoberfest have in common? A. Both include cooking shows. B. Both are family-friendly events. C. Both are held in the same month. D. Both offer quality international cuisine. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个国际知名美食节：墨尔本美食节注重本地与环保食材，秘鲁米斯特拉美食节展现多元饮食与手工艺品，芝加哥美食节规模最大且适合家庭，德国慕尼黑啤酒节主打巴伐利亚啤酒与文化。 1. 细节理解题。根据Mistura Food Festival部分“Visitors can taste traditional dishes like cuy (roast guinea pig), attend food workshops, watch cultural performances, and shop at handcrafted markets.(游客们可以品尝诸如烤豚鼠（一种传统菜肴）之类的美食，参加烹饪工作坊，观看文化表演，还可以在手工艺品市场购物)”可知，喜欢品尝传统美食和欣赏手工艺品的游客会发现“米斯特拉美食节”是最佳选择。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据Melbourne Food and Wine Festival部分“With a strong focus on local produce, sustainable farming, and green winemaking practices, the festival celebrates Melbourne’s diverse food scene — from street food to fine dining.(该节日特别注重本地农产品、可持续农业以及绿色酿酒工艺，以此来展现墨尔本丰富多彩的美食风貌——从街头小吃到高级餐厅应有尽有)”可知，墨尔本的这个节日倡导一种环保的饮食方式。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据Taste of Chicago in USA部分“This vibrant event features live music from renowned performers, cooking demonstrations by top chefs, and family-oriented fun activities.(这场热闹非凡的活动汇聚了众多知名音乐家带来的现场演奏，还有顶级厨师进行的烹饪演示，以及适合家庭参与的各类娱乐活动)”以及Oktoberfest in Germany部分“Guests enjoy carnival rides and games, making it a fun celebration for the whole family.(游客们可以乘坐游乐设施、参与游戏，这为整个家庭带来了一次欢乐的庆祝活动)”可知，两者都是适合家庭参与的活动。故选B。 考点2 文学·影视与音乐（共6题） Passage 1 Researchers at the Université de Montreal have found that our favorite music, particularly the emotions brought on by listening to bittersweet music, might be an effective, drug-free way of lowering our perception of pain. Music has long been known to have a hypoalgesic effect, meaning that it causes a decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli (刺激物). But to test which kind of music was most effective for reducing pain, 63 participants received moderately painful heat stimuli to the inner forearm, resulting in a sensation similar to a hot teacup being held against the skin. The pain was paired with short pieces of music, each lasting around seven minutes. Listening to their favorite music strongly reduced pain intensity and unpleasantness in participants, compared to control tracks or silence. Unfamiliar relaxing tracks did not have the same effect. The researchers then interviewed participants about their favorite songs and conducted an analysis about four themes related to categories of emotional experience: energizing/activating, happy/cheerful, calming/relaxing, and moving/bittersweet. They wanted to see whether emotion themes could modulate the hypoalgesic effect of favorite music. “We found that reports of moving or bittersweet emotional experiences seem to result in lower ratings of pain unpleasantness, which was driven by more intense enjoyment of the music and more musical chills,” said Valevicius. While they don’t define “musical chills” in their paper, the researchers point to previous neurological studies that suggest a dopamine (多巴胺) pathway in the brain may be fundamental to both the enjoyment of music and music-induced chills. In some people, the researchers say, chills can appear as a tingling sensation, shivers, or goosebumps. 1. What is the common view about music? A. It has a pain-decreasing effect. B. It can enhance brain development. C. It is a universal language of mankind. D. It may reduce feelings of pressure and depression. 2. What does the underlined word “modulate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Ruin. B. Improve. C. Judge. D. Adjust. 3. What can be learned about musical chills? A. They will be further studied by researchers. B. They have been defined in previous studies. C. They may be related to dopamine in the brain. D. They contribute little to the enjoyment of music. 4. What’s the text mainly about? A. Listening to music can make us more focused. B. Music is a powerful tool for boosting our mood. C. Emotional pain has an impact on our physical health. D. Our favorite bittersweet music may help relieve pain. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现听最喜爱的音乐特别是凄美的音乐可能会缓解人们的疼痛感。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Music has long been known to have a hypoalgesic effect, meaning that it causes a decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli (刺激物).(人们早就知道音乐有镇痛作用，这意味着它会降低对疼痛刺激的敏感性)”可知，人们认为音乐具有减轻疼痛的效果。故选A项。 2. 词义猜测题。划线词上文“The researchers then interviewed participants about their favorite songs and conducted an analysis about four themes related to categories of emotional experience: energizing/activating, happy/cheerful, calming/relaxing, and moving/bittersweet.(然后，研究人员就他们最喜欢的歌曲采访了参与者，并对与情绪体验类别相关的四个主题进行了分析：激励/激活、快乐/愉快、平静/放松、感动/苦乐参半)”介绍研究人员对参与者进行了关于他们最喜欢的歌曲的采访，并对与情绪体验类别相关的四个主题进行了分析。结合下文“We found that reports of moving or bittersweet emotional experiences seem to result in lower ratings of pain unpleasantness, which was driven by more intense enjoyment of the music and more musical chills(我们发现，感人或苦乐参半的情感体验报告似乎会导致较低的痛苦和不愉快评级，这是由更强烈的音乐享受和更多的音乐寒战所驱动的)”可知，“They wanted to see whether emotion themes could modulate the hypoalgesic effect of favorite music.(他们想看看情感主题是否能modulate喜爱音乐的镇痛效果。)”指的是：研究人员想知道情感主题是否能“调节”参与者最喜爱的音乐所带来的镇痛效果，modulate意为“调节”，与Adjust意思相近。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“While they don’t define ‘musical chills’ in their paper, the researchers point to previous neurological studies that suggest a dopamine (多巴胺) pathway in the brain may be fundamental to both the enjoyment of music and music-induced chills.(虽然他们没有在论文中定义‘音乐寒战’，但研究人员指出，之前的神经学研究表明，大脑中的多巴胺途径可能是音乐享受和音乐引起的寒战的基础)”可知，音乐寒战可能与大脑中的多巴胺有关。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Researchers at the Université de Montreal have found that our favorite music, particularly the emotions brought on by listening to bittersweet music, might be an effective, drug-free way of lowering our perception of pain.(蒙特利尔大学的研究人员发现，我们最喜欢的音乐，尤其是听苦乐参半的音乐所带来的情感，可能是一种有效的、无毒的方式来降低我们对疼痛的感知)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现听最喜爱的音乐特别是凄美的音乐可能会缓解人们的疼痛感。故选D项。 第2小题，“modulate”容易误选 Ruin 或 Judge，因为考生只凭感觉猜。应根据后文“result in lower ratings of pain unpleasantness”判断，这里说的是情感主题能否“调节”镇痛效果，故选 Adjust。做词义猜测题时，要紧扣后文的解释性内容。 Passage 2 From a talented child to entertainment all-star, award-winning singer-songwriter John Legend makes success look easy. His background provides plenty of reasons for his musical abilities. He was born on December 28, 1978, into a very musical family, all active participants in the church. John’s grandmother played the organ, his mother directed the church choir and his father and brother played the drums. During John’s boyhood, his mother taught him at home for a few years. His grandmother discovered the child’s musical genius when he was 4 and began to give him piano lessons. By age 6, he was singing in the church choir. According to John, “I knew from a pretty early age that I wanted to keep making music.” Besides his love of music, he had a strong desire to learn. He excelled at school, skipped two grades and entered high school at age 12. And at 16, he graduated second in his class. He received offers from Harvard and scholarships from Georgetown University. After college John worked as a business consultant during the day. At night he played music, meeting many big-name musicians. When he met and began writing music with Kanye West in 2001, a music career suddenly felt possible. In 2004 he released his first album and won his first Grammy Award! Since then he has collected nine more. In 2018 Legend became one of the youngest people and the first African-American man to complete an EGOT. Legend has used his fame to help those in need and to promote school reform, involved in a large number of charitable organizations. Despite all of Legend’s accomplishments, he seldom talks much about his own abilities. On his album, Darkness and Light, he sang, “Legend is just a name; I know better than to be so proud.” In reality, though, the accomplished musician has lived up to his name and become a legend in his time. 1. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________ A. John’s childhood B. John’s family background C. John’s education D. John’s musical abilities 2. What does the underlined word “EGOT” refer to in paragraph 6? A. A charity organization. B. A type of music award. C. A university degree. D. A business company. 3. Which words can best describe John Legend? A. Humorous and confident. B. Athletic and hardworking. C. Graceful and patient. D. Talented and loving. 4. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To describe John Legend’s career and charitable work. B. To explain how John Legend earned his Grammy Awards. C. To compare John Legend’s musical style with other artists’. D. To analyze the challenges John Legend faced in his music career. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Legend的音乐生涯和他参与的慈善工作。 1.主旨大意题。根据第二段“He was born on December 28, 1978, into a very musical family, all active participants in the church. John’s grandmother played the organ, his mother directed the church choir and his father and brother played the drums.(他于1978年12月28日出生在一个非常热爱音乐的家庭中，全家人都积极参与教堂活动。约翰的祖母会弹奏风琴，他的母亲负责指挥教堂合唱团，而他的父亲和哥哥则会打鼓)”可知，第二段主要讲述了约翰的家庭背景。故选B。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第六段“In 2004 he released his first album and won his first Grammy Award! Since then he has collected nine more.(2004年，他发行了自己的首张专辑，并荣获了首个格莱美奖！此后，他又获得了九个格莱美奖)”以及划线词上文“In 2018 Legend became one of the youngest people and the first African-American man to complete an EGOT.”(2018年，Legend成为完成EGOT的最年轻的人之一，也是第一位完成这一壮举的非裔美国人)”可知，上下文都在陈述Legend在音乐方面的成就。由此猜测，EGOT指的是“一种音乐奖项”。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“His grandmother discovered the child’s musical genius when he was 4 and began to give him piano lessons. By age 6, he was singing in the church choir.(在他四岁时，他的祖母就发现了他具有音乐天赋，并开始给他上钢琴课。到六岁时，他已经能加入教堂合唱团演唱了)”以及最后一段“Legend has used his fame to help those in need and to promote school reform, involved in a large number of charitable organizations.(Legend利用自己的名声帮助了那些需要帮助的人，并推动了学校改革，他还参与了众多慈善组织的工作)”可知，Legend有才华且充满爱心。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“From a talented child to entertainment all-star, award-winning singer-songwriter John Legend makes success look easy. His background provides plenty of reasons for his musical abilities.(从一个才华横溢的少年到娱乐界的巨星，获奖的创作型歌手Legend让成功看起来轻而易举。他的背景为他的音乐才能提供了诸多有利条件)”结合文章主要讲述了John Legend的音乐生涯和他参与的慈善工作可知，这篇文章的主要目的是描述Legend的职业生涯以及他的慈善活动。故选A。 Passage 3 Have you ever noticed how a particular song can bring back a flood of memories and make you deeply emotional? That’s because it’s not just your ears that are engaged when you listen to music-the areas of your brain responsible for emotion and memory also become active. While music’s ability to excite emotions and recall memories is well known, Yiren Ren, a sixth-year Ph.D. student in Georgia Tech’s School of Psychology, and her team wondered whether it could also change the emotional content of existing memories. The researchers developed a three-day experiment to test it. On the first day, participants (参与者) memorized a series of short, emotionally neutral (中立的) stories. The next day, they recalled these stories while listening to either positive music, negative music, or silence, as fMRI recorded their brain activity by monitoring changes in blood flow. On the final day, participants were asked to recall the stories again, this time without any music. The results were striking. When participants listened to emotionally charged music while recalling the neutral stories, they were more likely to include new emotional elements into the story that matched the mood of the music. Even more interesting was the brain imaging taken during the experiment. When participants recalled stories while listening to music, there was increased activity in brain areas responsible for emotional memory processing. This is why a song associated with a significant life event can feel so powerful – it activates both emotion and memory-processing regions at the same time. The finding suggests that music is closely connected with memories and unnoticeably shaping their emotional tone. Memories may also be more flexible than previously thought and could be influenced by external sounds during recall. For people dealing with emotional disorders, carefully chosen music might help reshape those memories in a more positive light and potentially reduce their negative emotional impact over time. 1. Why did Yiren Ren and her team carry out the experiment? A. To study how music excites emotions. B. To measure brain activity during music. C. To explore music’s memory recall ability. D. To test if music affects emotions in memory. 2. What were participants required to do? A. Create emotionally neutral stories. B. Read stories and summarize them. C. Listen to music and report feelings. D. Memorize and recall stories across days. 3. What changes did participants experience during the music-added period? A. Their neutral memories gained emotional color. B. They could maintain attention for a longer period. C. They struggled to recall emotionally charged stories. D. Their brain regions for action control became active. 4. Which group of people might benefit from the finding? A. Music lovers in daily life. B. Researchers studying brain functions. C. Students seeking memory improvement. D. People suffering from mental health problems. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究通过实验探索音乐能否改变现有记忆的情感内容及其发现。 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“While music’s ability to excite emotions and recall memories is well known, Yiren Ren, a sixth-year Ph.D. student in Georgia Tech’s School of Psychology, and her team wondered whether it could also change the emotional content of existing memories. (虽然音乐激发情绪和回忆记忆的能力众所周知，但佐治亚理工学院心理学博士生Yiren Ren及其团队想知道，它是否也能改变现有记忆的情感内容。)”可知，Yiren Ren和她的团队进行这项实验是为了测试音乐是否会影响记忆中的情感。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“On the first day, participants (参与者) memorized a series of short, emotionally neutral (中立的) stories. The next day, they recalled these stories while listening to either positive music, negative music, or silence, as fMRI recorded their brain activity by monitoring changes in blood flow. On the final day, participants were asked to recall the stories again, this time without any music. (第一天，参与者记住了一系列简短、情感中立的故事。第二天，他们在听积极音乐、消极音乐或沉默的同时回忆这些故事，同时功能性磁共振成像通过监测血流变化来记录他们的大脑活动。最后一天，参与者被要求再次回忆这些故事，这次没有任何音乐。)”可知，参与者被要求在几天内记住并回忆故事。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When participants listened to emotionally charged music while recalling the neutral stories, they were more likely to include new emotional elements into the story that matched the mood of the music. (当参与者在回忆中立故事时听情感丰富的音乐时，他们更有可能在故事中加入与音乐情绪相匹配的新情感元素。)”可知，在加入音乐的期间，参与者的中性记忆获得了情感色彩。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For people dealing with emotional disorders, carefully chosen music might help reshape those memories in a more positive light and potentially reduce their negative emotional impact over time. (对于处理情绪障碍的人来说，精心挑选的音乐可能有助于以更积极的方式重塑这些记忆，并可能随着时间的推移减少其负面情绪影响。)”可知，患有心理健康问题的人可能会从这一发现中受益。故选D。 Passage 4 Jay Chou’s new album, Children of the Sun, has sparked a wave of nostalgia. One song, That Rainy Day, is widely regarded as the sequel (续集) to his classic Sunny Day, released 23 years ago. Fans say, “The rain of youth has been falling for over twenty years.” In Sunny Day, there is a line: “That classroom, I cannot see it.” That Rainy Day softly replies: “That classroom, I have seen it.” What was once “invisible” has now become “visible” — not just the classroom, but also one’s own self. Psychologists explain that teenagers often experience “adolescent egocentrism.” They feel the whole world is watching them, trapped in their own world, believing no one truly understands their struggles. What they “see” later in life is that the classroom was never empty. There were people who shared textbooks, held umbrellas for them, and cut out their photos in yearbooks. It was in that classroom that they learned to connect, to say goodbye, and to understand themselves. Another line in Sunny Day asks: “I want to ask again, will you wait or leave?” Now, That Rainy Day offers a different answer: “I will never turn and leave again.” From a question to a statement, from “will you” to “I will,” the shift shows a change in mindset. As young people, we often looked outward for certainty, waiting for others to give us answers. Growing up means realizing that the most important promise is the one we make to ourselves. From Sunny Day to That Rainy Day, there is a conversation across time. It speaks to the regrets left unspoken in youth and the peace found in adulthood. Every listener may have a different understanding, but many share similar feelings at different stages of life. 1. What does the author mean by saying “the rain of youth has been falling for over twenty years”? A. Jay Chou’s songs are still popular today. B. It has been raining for many years in the city. C. The two songs were both written on rainy days. D. The memories of youth stay with us for a long time. 2. What does “the classroom” in the two songs represent? A. A dream never realized. B. A building in the school. C. A place for taking exams. D. The experiences of youth. 3. What change does the shift from “will you” to “I will” show? A. Self-doubt never disappears. B. Adulthood means self-reliance. C. Questions lose value over time. D. Youth seeks approval from others. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Two Songs, One Youth B. The Art of Songwriting C. Why We Love Jay Chou D. Rain in Chinese Culture 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇音乐评论 ，文章讲述周杰伦新歌《那天下雨了》与经典《晴天》形成跨时空对话，歌词变化折射出从青春迷茫到成年自立的成长，引发听众怀旧共鸣。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Jay Chou’s new album, Children of the Sun, has sparked a wave of nostalgia. One song, That Rainy Day, is widely regarded as the sequel (续集) to his classic Sunny Day, released 23 years ago. Fans say, “The rain of youth has been falling for over twenty years.”(周杰伦的新专辑《太阳之子》掀起了一股怀旧热潮。其中一首歌曲《那天下雨了》被普遍认为是他23年前发行的经典作品《晴天》的续作。歌迷们感慨：“青春的雨，一下就是二十多年。”)”可知，“青春的雨下了二十多年”意在表达青春的记忆长久伴随我们。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“What was once “invisible” has now become “visible” — not just the classroom, but also one’s own self. (曾经“看不见”的如今变得“清晰可见”—— 不只是教室，还有曾经的自己。)”以及后文“What they “see” later in life is that the classroom was never empty. There were people who shared textbooks, held umbrellas for them, and cut out their photos in yearbooks. It was in that classroom that they learned to connect, to say goodbye, and to understand themselves.(长大后他们才“明白”，那间教室从来都不是空无一人。有人曾和他们共看一本课本，为他们撑伞，在毕业纪念册里剪下他们的照片。正是在那间教室里，他们学会了与人相伴、学会告别，也学会了认识自己。)”对青春成长的描述可知，教室象征着青春的经历。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“From a question to a statement, from “will you” to “I will,” the shift shows a change in mindset. As young people, we often looked outward for certainty, waiting for others to give us answers. Growing up means realizing that the most important promise is the one we make to ourselves.(从疑问句变成陈述句，从“你会吗”到“我会”，这种转变体现了心态的蜕变。年少时，我们常常向外寻求确定的答案，等待别人为我们指引方向。而成长，就是渐渐懂得：最重要的承诺，是我们对自己许下的。)”可知，从“你会吗”到“我会”体现了成年后依靠自己、独立自主的转变。故选B项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“From Sunny Day to That Rainy Day, there is a conversation across time. It speaks to the regrets left unspoken in youth and the peace found in adulthood.(从《晴天》到《那天下雨了》，是一场跨时空的对话。它诉说着青春未说出口的遗憾，以及成年后找到的内心平静。)”以及上文可知，全文围绕两首歌展开，讲述一段青春成长，因此A项“Two Songs, One Youth(两首歌，一段青春)”符合文意。故选A项。 第3小题，从“will you”到“I will”的转变，容易只理解为“从疑问到陈述”的句式变化，而忽略其背后的心态变化。原文明确说“Growing up means realizing that the most important promise is the one we make to ourselves”，说明这是从向外寻求答案到自我依靠的转变，故选 B。 Passage 5 The Cambridge Folk Festival 2027 will take place on Saturday 31 July & Sunday 1 August 2027 at Cherry Hinton Hall. At the festival, you’ll see global superstars performing live with exciting emerging artists. You can also look forward to a variety of Greek, Australian, Indian and Chinese dishes as well as Vegetarian & Vegan food, burgers, pizza, ice-cream and so much more. But the experience here goes far beyond music and food. You can join workshops on traditional instruments and get hands-on experience with the charm of folk instruments. And if you’re interested in songwriting, there are dedicated workshops waiting for you to release your creativity. Ticket Prices Ticket Type Price (inclusive of booking fee) Adult £133 Young Folk (14-25) £93 Children (0-13) Free Disability Concessions (优惠) £93 Accommodation & Camping Cambridge offers a wide selection of hotels for visitors staying during the festival. Please visit www.visitcambridge.org for a full list of hotels. If you wish to camp on site, camping tickets must be purchased separately at a rate of £45 per tent. A single camping ticket provides one plot, sized to fit a 2-3 berth (铺位) tent. Cherry Hinton Campsite is the only campsite for 2027. Parking & Drop-Off Parking is available at Netherhall Secondary School, priced at £20 for the full weekend parking pass. Free authorized drop-off access is reserved for three groups of visitors only, but prior application is required. ·Families with children aged under 5 ·Guests carrying large musical instruments ·Visitors with pre-existing health conditions All vehicles must first enter the car park before parking staff direct you to the assigned drop-off zone. For further information, please visit the official festival website: www.cambridgefolkfestival.co.uk. 1. What else can visitors do apart from enjoying music and food? A. Perform with artists. B. Take cooking lessons. C. Join dance workshops. D. Compose original songs. 2. How much does a disabled adult pay for his festival ticket and a camping plot? A. £93. B. £133. C. £138. D. £178. 3. What is a must for visitors using the free authorized drop-off? A. Applying ahead of time. B. Prepaying the parking fee. C. Arriving before weekends. D. Registering on the website. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【导语】本文介绍了2027剑桥民谣节，说明了举办时间地点、现场音乐美食、乐器与歌曲创作工坊，同时列出票价、住宿露营、停车接送相关规定，并附上官网供查询更多信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“And if you’re interested in songwriting, there are dedicated workshops waiting for you to release your creativity. (如果你对写歌感兴趣，有专门的工作坊等着你释放创造力。)”可知，除了享受音乐和美食，游客还可以参加工作坊创作原创歌曲。 2. 细节理解题。根据Ticket Prices部分“Disability Concessions £93 (残疾人优惠票价93英镑)”以及Accommodation & Camping部分“camping tickets must be purchased separately at a rate of £45 per tent. A single camping ticket provides one plot (露营票必须单独购买，每个帐篷45英镑。一张露营票提供一个地块)”可知，一个露营地块需要£45。因此，该残疾成年人需要支付的总费用是93+45=138英镑。 3. 细节理解题。根据Parking & Drop-Off部分“Free authorized drop-off access is reserved for three groups of visitors only, but prior application is required. (免费授权下客区仅限三类游客使用，但需要提前申请)”可知，提前申请是必要条件。 Passage 6 Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805, in Odense, Denmark, into deep poverty. His father, a shoemaker, filled his imagination with folk tales (故事) and built him a toy theater; his mother was a washerwoman. When Andersen was eleven, his father died, leaving the boy largely on his own. In 1819, the clumsy teenager traveled alone to Copenhagen, determined to become famous as an actor, singer, or dancer. He tried out at the Royal Danish Theatre but was turned down. Despite this setback, Andersen’s raw talent drew the attention of Jonas Collin, a theatre director who became his lifelong benefactor (赞助人). Collin arranged for him to attend grammar school, first in Slagelse and later in Helsingor. This proved a tough experience, as the teenage Andersen was placed among much younger students and struggled with a tough headmaster. Yet he didn’t give up, and in 1828 he entered the University of Copenhagen, having already started publishing poetry and literature. Andersen practically invented the writing of eventyr — the adventure fairy tale, or fantastic tale — breaking sharply with the writing tradition of his time. Unlike the Brothers Grimm, who collected folk tales, Andersen wrote original stories in an everyday, spoken style, as if addressing a child. This was revolutionary: no serious writer had previously used such everyday language for children. His first tales — including “The Tinder Box”, “Thumbelina”, and “The Princess and the Pea” — appeared in 1835. Over four decades, he produced about 156 tales that have been translated into over 125 languages, making him one of the most translated authors in history. Andersen’s talent lies in his style, humor, and direct address to the reader. He gave voices to ordinary objects — toys, flowers, household items — making them unforgettable protagonists (主人公). Beneath their seemingly simple surface, his tales talk about society’s problems, make fun of the world, and show emotional depth. This unique blend allows his stories to appeal to and challenge readers of all ages, securing his timeless legacy. 1. What did Andersen aim to become at fourteen? A. A theatre director. B. A performer on the stage. C. A shoemaker like his father. D. A famous writer of fairy tales. 2. What can we infer about Andersen’s school years? A. He was warmly welcomed by younger classmates. B. His headmaster offered him special literary guidance. C. He went through hardship but eventually overcame it. D. His raw talent was discovered through formal education. 3. How did Andersen’s tales differ from the Brothers Grimm’s? A. They were based on Danish folk tales. B. They were longer and more difficult to understand. C. They were based on the author’s own experiences. D. They were original stories in a conversational style. 4. Why do Andersen’s tales appeal to readers of all ages? A. They are humorous and fantastic. B. They have deeper meanings under a simple surface. C. They were written separately for children and adults. D. They were translated into many languages. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 【导语】文章讲述了丹麦童话作家安徒生从贫困少年成长为世界级文学巨匠的人生历程，重点介绍了他独特的创作风格及其作品的持久魅力。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1819, the clumsy teenager traveled alone to Copenhagen, determined to become famous as an actor, singer, or dancer.(在1819年，这个笨拙的少年独自前往哥本哈根，决心成为著名的演员、歌手或舞者。)”可知，安徒生14岁时去哥本哈根是想当舞台表演者。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“This proved a tough experience, as the teenage Andersen was placed among much younger students and struggled with a tough headmaster. Yet he didn’t give up, and in 1828 he entered the University of Copenhagen, having already started publishing poetry and literature.( 这段求学经历十分艰难，少年安徒生被安排和年龄小很多的学生一起上课，还要应付一位严厉的校长。但他没有放弃，并在 1828 年考入哥本哈根大学，彼时他已经开始发表诗歌与文学作品。)”可推断，他的求学之路虽历经艰难，但他最终克服了困难并有所成就。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike the Brothers Grimm, who collected folk tales, Andersen wrote original stories in an everyday, spoken style, as if addressing a child.(格林兄弟搜集民间故事，和他们不同，安徒生以日常口语化的风格创作原创故事，仿佛在对着一个孩子娓娓讲述。)”可知，安徒生童话和格林兄弟作品的区别是它们是口语风格的原创故事。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Beneath their seemingly simple surface, his tales talk about society’s problems, make fun of the world, and show emotional depth. This unique blend allows his stories to appeal to and challenge readers of all ages, securing his timeless legacy.(在看似浅显的表层之下，他的童话探讨社会问题、调侃世间百态，并且饱含深厚的情感。这种独特的融合让他的故事既能吸引各个年龄段的读者，又引人深思，成就了他永恒的文学遗产。)”可知，安徒生童话能吸引各个年龄段读者是因为简单表层之下蕴含更深层含义。 考点3 传媒与网络生活（共3题） Passage 1 Portal Information for Current AARP Volunteers What is the Volunteer Portal? The AARP Volunteer Portal (volunteers.aarp.org) is an online platform designed to support volunteers throughout their experience with AARP. Whether you want to access volunteer resources and on-demand trainings, or connect with volunteer colleagues from across the nation, you can do it all from this secure digital platform. Who Can Use the Volunteer Portal? The AARP Volunteer Portal is accessible to all active AARP volunteers. If you are not an active AARP volunteer or are unsure of your status, please reach out to your AARP volunteer program lead or contact the Volunteer Helpline at 1-833-865-2277 or volunteer@aarp.org. How to Access the Portal? If you are a current volunteer, you can access the portal here: volunteers.aarp.org. For the best user experience, you should use Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge or Safari to log in to the Volunteer Portal. New Volunteer Portal users will receive an email invitation directly from their volunteer program with instructions for logging into the Volunteer Portal. If you have not received this notification and are a new AARP volunteer, please reach out to your volunteer supervisor (主管) for assistance. You will not be able to access the Volunteer Portal for the first time without the invitation email. After your first registration and login, you cannot access the Volunteer Portal through the link in your email invitation. Returning users can navigate to the Volunteer Portal by visiting volunteers.aarp.org. To log in, you will only need the email address you used to register with AARP along with your secure password. Have more questions about the Volunteer Portal? Contact the Volunteer Helpline at volunteer@aarp.org or give us a call at 865-2277. 1. Who can make use of the Volunteer Portal? A. AARP applicants. B. Current AARP volunteers. C. Former AARP volunteers. D. Volunteers across the nation. 2. What is required for first-time access to the Volunteer Portal? A. A secure password. B. An invitation link. C. A registration form. D. An instructional guide. 3. What is the purpose of this text? A. To appeal for volunteers. B. To offer tips to new members. C. To introduce an online platform. D. To recommend a volunteer organization. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国退休人员协会（AARP）志愿者门户网站的相关信息，包括该门户网站的定义、使用人群、访问方式以及疑问咨询渠道等内容。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Who Can Use the Volunteer Portal?”部分中“The AARP Volunteer Portal is accessible to all active AARP volunteers. (所有在职的AARP志愿者都可以访问AARP志愿者门户网站)”可知，该门户网站的使用人群是在职的AARP志愿者。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据“How to Access the Portal?”部分中“New Volunteer Portal users will receive an email invitation directly from their volunteer program with instructions for logging into the Volunteer Portal. If you have not received this notification and are a new AARP volunteer, please reach out to your volunteer supervisor (主管) for assistance. You will not be able to access the Volunteer Portal for the first time without the invitation email. (新注册志愿者门户网站的用户将直接从其参与的志愿者项目收到一封电子邮件邀请，其中包含登录该志愿者门户网站的操作指南。若您是美国退休人员协会（AARP）的新志愿者，且尚未收到此通知，请联系您的志愿者主管寻求帮助。没有该邀请邮件，您将无法首次访问志愿者门户网站)”可知，首次访问该门户网站需要通过邮件中的邀请链接。故选B项。 3. 主旨大意题。文章开篇通过“What is the Volunteer Portal?”引出AARP志愿者门户网站这一核心对象，随后依次介绍了该网站的使用人群（Who Can Use the Volunteer Portal?）、访问方式（How to Access the Portal?）以及疑问咨询渠道（Have more questions about the Volunteer Portal?），整体围绕C选项“介绍AARP志愿者门户网站”这一核心目的展开。故选C项。 Passage 2 The term “parasocial interaction” (虚拟社交) was first used in the 1950s by the social scientists Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl. At that time, home televisions were new, and the two researchers noticed something interesting: people were forming strong connections with actors they only saw on TV. Today, this idea has expanded. With social media, streaming platforms, and online videos, we can “meet” actors, singers, athletes, and other celebrities in more ways than ever. Building these one-sided relationships — where we feel close to someone who doesn’t know us — has never been easier. Psychologists have studied cases where these connections go too far, leading to problems. These relationships can start as casual — like chatting about a star’s latest post — but sometimes grow into strong emotions, wild fantasies, or even harmful behaviors. For example, some fans lose touch with reality and stalk celebrities. Teens are especially at risk: when they model themselves after their “virtual friends” — copying their styles or hobbies — it might confuse them about who they really are, since teenagers are still figuring out their own identities. In 2021, Canadian psychologists found a link between these one-sided bonds and “avoidant attachment” — a tendency to avoid close relationships in real life. People who often feel uncomfortable with others may turn to fictional characters as substitutes. This creates a loop: avoiding real connections makes them seek comfort in virtual ones, which then makes them interact less with family and friends. They spend time liking posts or watching videos of someone who doesn’t even know they exist, pushing aside real relationships that need their attention. This doesn’t mean virtual interactions are bad. Many people enjoy following celebrities casually without any harm. But if you find yourself spending hours thinking about fictional people and neglecting real-life connections, it might be a sign to step back. Taking a break from these “one-sided friends” can help address this, letting you open up to real relationships that bring true warmth and support. 1. How has parasocial interaction changed according to Paragraph 1? A. It has become more accessible. B. It has affected more celebrities. C. It has lost much of its significance. D. It has turned into a two-way process. 2. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Reasons behind celebrity following. B. Origins of dangerous relationships. C. Different types of parasocial relationships. D. Potential harm of parasocial relationships. 3. What does the underlined word “loop” in paragraph 3 mean? A. A perfect combination. B. A workable solution. C. A disastrous consequence. D. A repetitive cycle. 4. What might the author suggest for those with heavy parasocial relationships? A. Meeting fictional friends in real life. B. Hanging out more with real friends. C. Seeking guidance from professionals. D. Creating more space for being alone. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了虚拟社交的发展、潜在危害，并提出平衡虚拟社交与现实互动的建议。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With social media, streaming platforms, and online videos, we can “meet” actors, singers, athletes, and other celebrities in more ways than ever. Building these one-sided relationships — where we feel close to someone who doesn’t know us — has never been easier. (有了社交媒体、流媒体平台和在线视频，我们可以以比以往更多的方式“遇到”演员、歌手、运动员和其他名人。建立这种单方面的关系——我们对不了解我们的人感到亲近——从来没有这么容易过。)”可知，虚拟社交变得更容易实现。故选A项。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“These relationships can start as casual — like chatting about a star’s latest post — but sometimes grow into strong emotions, wild fantasies, or even harmful behaviors. For example, some fans lose touch with reality and stalk celebrities. Teens are especially at risk: when they model themselves after their “virtual friends” — copying their styles or hobbies — it might confuse them about who they really are, since teenagers are still figuring out their own identities. (这些关系可以从随意开始——比如聊明星的最新帖子——但有时会发展成强烈的情感、疯狂的幻想，甚至有害的行为。例如，一些粉丝与现实脱节，跟踪名人。青少年尤其危险：当他们模仿他们的“虚拟朋友”——模仿他们的风格或爱好——这可能会让他们搞不清自己到底是谁，因为青少年还在寻找自己的身份。)”可知，该段聚焦虚拟关系的潜在危害。故选D项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“avoiding real connections makes them seek comfort in virtual ones, which then makes them interact less with family and friends. They spend time liking posts or watching videos of someone who doesn’t even know they exist, pushing aside real relationships that need their attention. (避免真实的联系会让他们在虚拟世界中寻求安慰，而这又会减少他们与家人和朋友的互动。他们把时间花在点赞或观看那些甚至不知道他们存在的人的帖子或视频上，把需要他们关注的真实关系放在一边。)”可知，这部分人群逃避现实关系，寻求虚拟慰藉，又反过来进一步减少现实互动，这形成了一个反复循环的模式，画线词意为“重复的循环”。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But if you find yourself spending hours thinking about fictional people and neglecting real-life connections, it might be a sign to step back. Taking a break from these “one-sided friends” can help address this, letting you open up to real relationships that bring true warmth and support. (但如果你发现自己花了几个小时思考虚拟人物，而忽略了现实生活中的联系，这可能是一个需要退一步的信号。暂时离开这些“单向的朋友”可以帮助你解决这个问题，让你向真正的关系敞开心扉，带来真正的温暖和支持。)”可知，作者建议减少虚拟投入，重建现实联系。因此，“多和真正的朋友出去玩”是作者可能给那些有大量虚拟社交的建议。故选B项。 第3小题，“exacerbate”容易误选 Relieve，因为前文说社交媒体能“provide a temporary escape”，考生可能只记住“缓解”这一层。但句中“but”表转折，说明它同时也让问题更严重，故选 Worsen。转折词后的内容往往是作者真正想强调的。 Passage 3 Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the “dream bird that hatches the egg of experience”. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. Viewing mindlessly through attention-grabbing posts and videos prevents “profound (深层的) boredom” that can drive people on to new passions or skills. Instead, people find themselves in a state of “superficial boredom”, which does not motivate creative thought. Dr Timothy Hill, leader of the research team at the University of Bath, said, “The problem we observed was that social media can ease superficial boredom. But that also consumes time and energy, and may prevent people progressing to a state of profound boredom, where they might discover new passions. Profound boredom may sound like a negative concept but, in fact, it can be intensely positive if people are given the chance for undisturbed thinking and development. Researchers interviewed 15 people during the pandemic (流行病), when boredom was more likely because of restrictions. Many described being trapped in regularly daily walks and watching television, with many turning to social media to pass the time. But although the participants said that social media provided a temporary escape from superficial boredom, it also appeared to exacerbate it, leaving them feeling they had wasted their time. The pandemic was a painful and consuming experience for thousands of less fortunate people. But there are stories of those in lockdown who found new hobbies, careers or directions in life. Switching off devices could help people reach the state of boredom which pushes them on to new hobbies or achievements. This research has given us a window to understand how the “always-on”, 24/7 culture and devices that promise an abundance of information and entertainment may be fixing our superficial boredom but are actually preventing us from finding more meaningful things. 1. Why are Walter Benjamin’s words mentioned? A. To call for attention to the research on boredom. B. To comment on strategies to face loneliness. C. To offer suggestions on cultivating creative thinking. D. To clarify problems caused by social media. 2. Which of the following may Dr Timothy Hill agree with? A. Profound boredom is of value. B. Superficial boredom is unavoidable. C. Social media should be restricted. D. Undisturbed thinking is hard to achieve. 3. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Define. B. Relieve. C. Ignore. D. Worsen. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Why people enjoy boredom. B. How boredom helps kill time. C. Why boredom might be good for you. D. How social media blocks creative ideas. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现社交媒体虽能缓解表面无聊，却会阻碍能激发创造力与新热情的深层无聊，而深层无聊对个人发展具有积极意义。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the “dream bird that hatches the egg of experience”. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. (德国哲学家瓦尔特·本雅明曾指出，无聊是“梦之飞鸟，孵化经验之蛋”。然而，研究人员认为，社交媒体正在扼杀那些经常因无所事事而产生的创造性幻想)”可知，引用其言论是为了引出关于无聊的研究，引起人们对无聊这一话题及相关研究的关注，而不是评论面对孤独的策略、提供培养创造性思维的建议或阐明社交媒体导致的问题。故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Profound boredom may sound like a negative concept but, in fact, it can be intensely positive if people are given the chance for undisturbed thinking and development.(深层无聊听起来可能是个负面概念，但事实上，如果人们有机会进行不受干扰的思考和发展，它可以是极具积极意义的)”可知，蒂莫西・希尔博士认为深层的无聊如果能给人们不受干扰的思考和发展机会，是有很大价值的。故选A项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“But although the participants said that social media provided a temporary escape from superficial boredom, it also appeared to exacerbate it, leaving them feeling they had wasted their time.(但尽管参与者表示，社交媒体能暂时摆脱表面无聊，可它似乎还会exacerbate这种无聊，让他们觉得自己浪费了时间)”可知，前文提到参与者认为社交媒体能暂时摆脱肤浅的无聊，但“but”表示转折，说明社交媒体也会让情况变得更糟，即加剧了无聊，使他们觉得浪费了时间，所以exacerbate的意思是“使恶化，加剧”，与worsen意思相近。故选D项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the “dream bird that hatches the egg of experience”. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. Viewing mindlessly through attention-grabbing posts and videos prevents “profound (深层的) boredom” that can drive people on to new passions or skills.(德国哲学家瓦尔特·本雅明曾指出，无聊是“梦之飞鸟，孵化经验之蛋”。然而，研究人员认为，社交媒体正在扼杀那些经常因无所事事而产生的创造性幻想。无意识地浏览吸引眼球的帖子和视频可以防止“深层的无聊”，这会驱使人们追求新的激情或技能)”和最后一段“This research has given us a window to understand how the “always-on”, 24/7 culture and devices that promise an abundance of information and entertainment may be fixing our superficial boredom but are actually preventing us from finding more meaningful things.(这项研究为我们提供了一个窗口，让我们了解“永远在线”、24/7的文化和设备是如何承诺提供丰富的信息和娱乐的，它们可能会解决我们表面上的无聊，但实际上却阻止我们找到更有意义的东西)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要论述了社交媒体阻止了人们进入深层无聊状态，而深层无聊能激发创造力，从而说明了社交媒体是如何阻碍创造性想法产生的，“社交媒体是如何阻碍创意的”符合主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 考点4 体育运动与体育精神（共4题） Passage 1 Safe Use of the School Fitness Room Treadmill The school fitness room has introduced a new treadmill (跑步机) for students. Although it is easy to operate, students should not step onto it without reading the safety label first. The machine should be used only after basic instruction. If you feel faint, dizzy or in pain during exercise, stop at once and tell the teacher or fitness room staff. ★Treadmill Quick Guide STAGE WHAT TO DO Before starting Stand on the two top steps located on each side of the running belt. Safety check Attach the emergency-stop clip to clothing. Starting Tap Quick Start and wait. During exercise Use handrails for support and balance. Stopping Press STOP to stop the running belt. After use Remove the emergency-stop key if asked. ★Treadmill Safety Information ★Key Reminders Before and After Use The emergency-stop key is especially important. Before starting, attach the emergency-stop clip firmly to your clothing. Make sure the clip engages enough clothing so it does not fall off. The line should be free of knots and long enough for you to work out comfortably with the key in place. If you move too far back, the key can be pulled out of the console (控制台) and the treadmill will stop. After exercise, students should leave the treadmill clean and safe for the next user. Wait until the belt has completely stopped, step onto the side steps, and wipe the console or handrails if necessary. The rule is simple: use the treadmill not only to train your body, but also to practise safe and responsible use of shared equipment. 1. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare treadmill safety features. B. To promote safe treadmill use. C. To highlight a new fitness facility. D. To explain emergency-stop procedures. 2. Which action may be risky? A. Stopping when you feel unwell. B. Setting 9 kph and 10% grade. C. Ignoring abnormal machine noises. D. Holding the handrails when necessary. 3. Who is most likely to be protected by the emergency-stop clip? A. A user who moves backward too far. B. A user who steps onto the side steps. C. A user who clips it onto too little. D. A user who leaves knots in the line. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了学校健身房跑步机的安全使用指南，涵盖使用前的准备检查、使用中的操作规范以及使用后的清理要求，旨在引导学生安全、负责任地使用共享健身设备。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Safe Use of the School Fitness Room Treadmill(学校健身房跑步机的安全使用)”以及最后一段中的“The rule is simple: use the treadmill not only to train your body, but also to practise safe and responsible use of shared equipment.(规则很简单：使用跑步机不仅是为了锻炼身体，也是为了练习如何安全、负责任地使用共享设备。)”可推知，本文的主要目的是促进跑步机的安全使用。 2. 细节理解题。根据Treadmill Safety Information部分的“DO NOT USE IF the machine is wet, damaged or noisy.(如果机器潮湿、损坏或发出异响，请勿使用)”可知，忽略机器异常噪音属于不安全操作。 3. 细节理解题。根据Key Reminders Before and After Use部分中的“If you move too far back, the key can be pulled out of the console (控制台) and the treadmill will stop.(如果你向后退得太远，钥匙就会从控制台上被拔出，跑步机就会停止运转。)”可知，应急停止钥匙能够保护向后移动距离过远的使用者。 第2小题，容易误选 B “Setting 9 kph and 10% grade”，因为考生只看到这是跑步机参数，忽略原文“DO NOT USE IF the machine is wet, damaged or noisy”。题目问“哪种行为有风险”，应选“忽视机器异常噪音”，故选 C。做安全类阅读题时，要特别关注“DO NOT”“WARNING”等警示信息。 Passage 2 Arm wrestling (扳手腕) was one of my favorite ways of playing with my brothers growing up. It allowed my younger brother and me to test our strength without getting tackled. I also put up a good fight when arm wrestling with my older brother and his friends. Their greater strength and experience made the challenge even more interesting. Every match seemed to end in a good laugh, no matter who won. Now I’m a scientist who studies animals in the wild. I have seen that playing is a great way to socialize; there is so much more to play than fun and games. When humans and other animals play, they are building trust with siblings and friends. They learn how far they can push their partners before anyone becomes angry or physically hurt. That’s called “testing boundaries.” Older playmates may self-handicap, appearing to be less competent than they really are to help younger players learn skills and explore their abilities. Play offers a safe space, where everyone knows the rules and can experiment with new ways to move, think, and respond to others. Over the past 30 years, I’ve learned a lot about play by watching young male elephants test their strength through sparring (拳击) games with their friends and superiors. Group sparring matches are common at sunset, when several different elephant families show up at the water hole to drink. After the initial excitement of the arrival and a good long drink, young males slip away from the sides of their watchful moms and aunts to form sparring rings. An elder sister makes sure that the playing doesn’t get out of hand, so she is ever present with a trunk on the back or over the head to calm the enthusiasm. That way, the younger males don’t end up on the bottom of the pile. Watching young elephants spar reminds me that play should be part of our everyday schedule — the less structure, the better. 1. What does the author want to say by mentioning his/her childhood experience? A. Winning is not the true meaning of play. B. Children prefer to play traditional games. C. Play is essential in children’s development. D. Arm wrestling is a safe way to test strength. 2. What benefit of play does the author emphasize? A. It brings fun. B. It enables boundary breaking. C. It settles conflicts. D. It develops socializing skills. 3. How do older playmates help the younger to learn during playtime? A. By pretending to be weaker. B. By warning them of risks. C. By testing their competence. D. By teaching necessary skills. 4. How would the author describe the elephant’s sparring games? A. Safe and fair. B. Not strictly controlled. C. Well-organized. D. Highly competitive. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了扳手腕这一游戏在作者成长过程中的意义，以及玩耍对于人类和动物社交、学习技能、建立信任等方面的重要性。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Arm wrestling(扳手腕)was one of my favorite ways of playing with my brothers growing up. It allowed my younger brother and me to test our strength without getting tackled. I also put up a good fight when arm wrestling with my older brother and his friends. Their greater strength and experience made the challenge even more interesting. Every match seemed to end in a good laugh, no matter who won. (扳手腕是我小时候与兄弟们玩耍的最爱之一。它让我和弟弟能够测试我们的力量，而又不会真的动手打架。在与哥哥和他的朋友们扳手腕时，我也会全力以赴。他们更强的力量和丰富的经验使得这场较量更加有趣。无论谁赢，每场比赛似乎都以欢声笑语告终。)”以及第二段“Now I’m a scientist who studies animals in the wild. I have seen that playing is a great way to socialize; there is so much more to play than fun and games.(如今，我是一名研究野生动物的科学家。我发现，玩耍是社交的一种绝佳方式；玩耍的意义远不止于娱乐和游戏。)”可知，文章开头作者先讲述了自己小时候与兄弟们扳手腕的经历，描述了当时玩扳手腕不管谁赢大家最后都会开心大笑的场景。接着引出后文自己作为研究野生动物的科学家，阐述关于玩耍在社交等方面的重要意义。由此可推测，作者提及童年经历是为了引出玩耍这个话题，进而说明玩耍对于成长发展有着诸多重要作用，就像小时候玩耍给自己带来的种种积极影响一样，所以其目的是想表明玩耍在儿童发展中是至关重要的。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now I’m a scientist who studies animals in the wild. I have seen that playing is a great way to socialize; there is so much more to play than fun and games.(如今，我是一名研究野生动物的科学家。我发现，玩耍是社交的一种绝佳方式；玩耍的意义远不止于娱乐和游戏。)”可知，作者认为玩耍是一种很好的社交方式。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Older playmates may self-handicap, appearing to be less competent than they really are to help younger players learn skills and explore their abilities.(年长的玩伴可能会自我设限，表现得比自己实际的能力要差，以帮助年轻的玩伴学习技能并探索自己的能力。)”可知，年长玩伴是通过假装自己比较弱来帮助年幼者学习的。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“An elder sister makes sure that the playing doesn’t get out of hand, so she is ever present with a trunk on the back or over the head to calm the enthusiasm. That way, the younger males don’t end up on the bottom of the pile.(一位年长的姐姐会确保玩耍不会失控，所以她总是用鼻子搭在背上或头上，以平息大家的热情。这样，年轻的雄性大象就不会在打斗中处于下风。)”可知，有年长的姐姐在旁边确保玩耍不会失控，用象鼻放在后背或者头上来平息过于高涨的热情，以防年幼的雄性大象陷入危险境地，但并没有严格的、完整细致的管控体系，整体来说大象的拳击游戏不是严格被控制的。故选B。 Passage 3 Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA. As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 1. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A. The influence of his family. B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C. The demand of the football team. D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 2. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A. To gain Kenya’s support. B. To set an example for others. C. To catch Arsenal’s attention. D. To show his achievements. 3. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A. Promoting football’s development. B. Going global with the help of FIFA. C. Beating climate change completely. D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 4. What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。 Passage 4 Every runner is unique, and a shoe that works for one might trip up another. Outside of trying on different designs, there’s no quick and easy way to know which shoe best suits a person’s particular running style. MIT engineers are hoping to change that with a new model which integrates a person’s height, weight, and other general dimensions, along with shoe properties such as hardness. With this input, the model then simulates (模拟) a person’s running gait (步法) in a particular shoe. While the model can accurately simulate changes in a person’s running gait when comparing two very different shoe types, it is quite futile when comparing relatively similar designs, including most commercially available running shoes. For this reason, the researchers believe the current model could just be used as a tool for shoe designers looking to push the boundaries of shoe design. The team is planning to improve the model, in hopes that consumers can one day use a similar version to pick shoes that fit their personal running style. “We’ll allow for enough flexibility in the model so that it can be used to understand different individual behaviors,” says Sarah Fay, an MIT researcher. “Way down the road, we imagine that if you send us a video of yourself running, we could 3D print the shoe that's right for you. That would be the moonshot.” Fay and co-workers drew inspiration from Thomas McMahon, who once used a very simple model to simulate a runner’s essential running dynamics. Using this model, he predicted how fast a person could run on various track surfaces. “McMahon’s work showed that, even if we don’t model every single muscle and component of the human body, we still can create valuable insights into how we design for athletic performance,” Fay says. Following McMahon’s lead, the team developed a similar, simplified model of a runner’s dynamics. 1. What do the MIT engineers aim to do? A. Identify the appropriate running style for people. B. Predict a runner’s performance in running races. C. Determine suitable running shoes for individuals. D. Raise the appearance and quality of running shoes. 2. What does the underlined word “futile” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Ineffective. B. Innovative. C. Unnecessary. D. Conservative. 3. What will the team focus on while improving their model? A. Its customization capabilities. B. Its efficiency in mass production. C. Its enhancement of shoes’ appearance. D. Its adaptability to different 3D printers. 4. What does Fay highlight through her words in paragraph 4? A. The significance of comprehensive data collection. B. The value of simplicity in solving complex problems. C. The impact of track surfaces on athletic performance. D. The role of advanced computational models in sports. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍MIT工程师开发的跑鞋适配模型，该模型通过整合用户身体数据（身高、体重）和鞋子属性（硬度）模拟跑步步态，虽目前仅适用于差异大的鞋款设计，但团队计划优化以实现个性化定制，未来或可通过视频3D打印专属跑鞋。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“MIT engineers are hoping to change that with a new model which integrates a person’s height, weight, and other general dimensions, along with shoe properties such as hardness. (麻省理工学院的工程师们希望通过一种新的模型来改变这种情况，这种模型集成了人的身高、体重和其他一般尺寸，以及鞋子的硬度等特性。)”可知，麻省理工学院的工程师希望通过新模型确定适合个人的跑鞋。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“While the model can accurately simulate changes in a person’s running gait when comparing two very different shoe types, (虽然该模型可以在比较两种非常不同的鞋子时准确地模拟出一个人跑步步态的变化，)”可知，前文说模型在比较两种非常不同的鞋型时能准确模拟变化，while表转折，说明在比较相似设计的鞋时模型效果不好，所以划线词futile意思是“无效的，无用的”。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The team is planning to improve the model, in hopes that consumers can one day use a similar version to pick shoes that fit their personal running style. “We’ ll allow for enough flexibility in the model so that it can be used to understand different individual behaviors,” says Sarah Fay, an MIT researcher. (该团队正计划改进这款跑鞋，希望有一天消费者可以使用类似的版本来挑选适合自己跑步风格的鞋子。麻省理工学院的研究人员Sarah Fay说：“我们将允许模型有足够的灵活性，这样它就可以用来理解不同的个体行为。”)”可知，团队改进模型希望消费者能选择适合自己风格的鞋，让模型有足够灵活性以适应不同个体行为，也就是注重模型的定制能力。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段““McMahon’ s work showed that, even if we don’ t model every single muscle and component of the human body, we still can create valuable insights into how we design for athletic performance,” Fay says. (“McMahon的工作表明，即使我们不能模拟人体的每一块肌肉和组成部分，我们仍然可以为我们如何设计运动表现创造有价值的见解，” Fay说。)”可知，Fay 通过 McMahon 的例子强调即使不模拟人体每一个肌肉和部件，简化模型也能对运动表现设计有价值，即强调简单性在解决复杂问题中的价值。故选B。 第2小题，“futile”容易误选 Innovative 或 Unnecessary。根据前文“While the model can accurately simulate changes... when comparing two very different shoe types”，while 表转折，说明在比较相似设计时效果不好，故选 Ineffective。要利用 while、but、however 等转折词判断语义方向。 考点5 绘画与建筑艺术（共3题） Passage 1 The National Trust (英国国家信托基金会) is setting up a new laboratory to store and study thousands of paint samples taken from its houses, paintings and objects. The charity, which preserves nature and historic buildings for the public, wants to find out what hidden layers of paint can unlock about our past. The Trust has thousands of samples of paints collected over many years from buildings, objects and paintings that it looks after. Some of the oldest come from Roman houses dating back more than 1, 800 years. Up to now, these samples have been stored all over the country. Having them all in one place at the lab will help conservators (文物修复员) do their research. The lab will be at the Trust’s Royal Oak Foundation Conservation Studio in Kent, England, and the equipment there will allow researchers to study paints extremely closely to understand the materials that were used. The samples come from a corner of a wall or painting and experts take a tiny slice through all the layers of paint down to the original surface. Research can reveal some strange ingredients that artists used. For example, a sample taken from a picture by the Italian artist Tintoretto, which is nearly 500 years old, showed that he used layers of ground-up (研磨) gold to create a rich surface. This research can also show what something looked like when it was new. One study, on the National Trusts’ Base Assembly Rooms, England, found that the rooms had been painted over many times throughout their 250-year history. When experts studied the sample, they could look at the layers of paint over all that time and see that the first color used was either a salmon pink (鲑鱼粉) or greenish blue. This helped the conservators work out how to restore each room to the way it originally looked. Rebecca Helen, senior conservator at the National Trust said that goal is “Being authentic for our visitors”. 1. Why is the National Trust setting up the new laboratory? A. To examine paint layers for historical research. B. To display historic paintings for the public. C. To collect paint samples from different places. D. To equip conservators with modern techniques. 2. What can be inferred from Tintoretto’s paint sample? A. Artists in the past preferred using expensive materials. B. Gold was a common ingredient in all ancient paintings. C. Painting materials used in the past can be unexpected. D. Paint layers mainly reflect the painter’s taste in color. 3. What does the underlined word “authentic” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Appealing. B. Real. C. Artistic. D. Vivid. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Chemistry of Historical Paints B. Restoring Historic Paintings C. A Laboratory’s Role in Art History D. Exploring Our Colourful Past 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国国家信托基金会建立新实验室研究颜料样本以探索历史。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The charity, which preserves nature and historic buildings for the public, wants to find out what hidden layers of paint can unlock about our past.(这家为公众保护自然和历史建筑的慈善机构，想弄清楚隐藏的颜料层能为我们揭示过去的什么)”可知，英国国家信托基金会建立新实验室是为了通过检查颜料层进行历史研究。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Research can reveal some strange ingredients that artists used. For example, a sample taken from a picture by the Italian artist Tintoretto, which is nearly 500 years old, showed that he used layers of ground-up (研磨) gold to create a rich surface.(研究可以揭示艺术家使用的一些奇怪成分。例如，从意大利艺术家丁托列托近 500 年前的一幅画中提取的样本显示，他使用了多层研磨的黄金来创造丰富的表面)”可知，从丁托列托的颜料样本中可以推断出过去使用的绘画材料可能出人意料。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“This helped the conservators work out how to restore each room to the way it originally looked. Rebecca Helen, senior conservator at the National Trust said that goal is “Being authentic for our visitors”.(这帮助文物修复员们弄清楚如何将每个房间恢复到最初的样子。英国国家信托基金会的高级文物修复员丽贝卡・海伦说，目标是“为我们的游客做到authentic”)”可知，此处指的是让房间恢复本来的样子， authentic意思是“真实的”。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The National Trust (英国国家信托基金会) is setting up a new laboratory to store and study thousands of paint samples taken from its houses, paintings and objects. The charity, which preserves nature and historic buildings for the public, wants to find out what hidden layers of paint can unlock about our past.(英国国家信托基金会正着手建立一个新实验室，用于储存和研究数千份从其管理的房屋、画作及物品上提取的颜料样本。这家为公众保护自然和历史建筑的慈善机构，想弄清楚隐藏的颜料层能为我们揭示过去的什么)”可知，文章主要讲述了英国国家信托基金会建立新实验室，通过研究颜料样本探索过去的历史，D选项“Exploring Our Colourful Past(探索我们多彩的过去)”能概括文章主旨。故选D。 第3小题，“authentic”容易误选 Appealing 或 Artistic，因为考生只看到“为游客”就以为是“有吸引力的”。但前文说“restore each room to the way it originally looked”，说明目标是“真实、原样”，故选 Real。词义猜测要结合前文的解释性内容。 Passage 2 When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face”. Later, as an illustrated journalist, I once planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage-to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. A fixed concept. B. The adult’s criticism. C. A sharp contrast. D. The unclear drawing rules. 2. Why were the drawings terrible but wonderful in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “the entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. More library service roles. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. Greater professional pride. D. Deeper exploration for good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【导语】作者结合自身绘画与图书馆调研经历，讲述深度观察的重要性，呼吁人们用心看清事物本质。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life.(一位成年人很快用圆形、圆眼睛、七字形鼻子和弯嘴巴纠正我。我一脸困惑，因为这种冰冷刻板的模式和我现实中鲜活的面孔截然不同。)”可知，成人固化的绘画模板和现实里鲜活的面容形成强烈反差，让作者心生困惑。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like.(因为他们画出了自己真实看到的模样，而非主观认知里面孔该有的样子。)”可知，画作外表粗糙简陋，却贴合真实、富有生命力，所以看似糟糕却十分动人。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless.(我原本以为仅用于借书、查看邮件的电脑，实则是人们求职、寻找住处的重要依托，公共洗手间的水池还能为无家可归者提供洗衣和洗漱的便利。)”可知，作者发现图书馆设施拥有更多元的服务作用，远超固有认知，因此画线短语指代“图书馆更多的服务职能与价值”。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you.(我不希望每个人都成为艺术家，但每个人都可以学会深度观察。放慢脚步、集中注意、用心观察，你会重新收获对世界和身边所有人的热爱。)”可知，文章以绘画真实面孔为线索，阐释用心观察、看见真实的核心道理，以此升华全文主旨，所以“Seeing the Real Face(窥见真实面貌)”最适合作为文章标题。 第3小题，其他科学家对 Dr. Elena 作品的反应，容易误选 A “initially skeptical”，因为考生可能凭常识认为科学家会质疑艺术化表达。但原文明确说“other scientists saw her work and loved it”，且许多作品被世界著名科学杂志刊登，说明他们很欣赏，故选 D valued her creative approach。 Passage 3 In the quiet town of Greenfield, situated in the hills of upstate New York, David Lee had built a life around his art. His small studio in an old Victorian house was a sanctuary (庇护所) where he painted landscapes that captured (展现) the heart of the town he loved. The walls were covered with pieces of art, each one reflecting his dedication and passion. One crisp autumn evening, as the sun set, casting a golden glow over the town, David worked on what he believed was his best piece yet. Lost in his work, he barely noticed a flash of light in the corner of his eye. It was a neighbor who first saw the smoke. By the time David realized what was happening, the fire had spread through half of his studio. He rushed outside, horrified to see the flames (火焰) consuming everything he had worked so hard for. Within minutes, his studio was reduced to ashes. The following days were clouded with sorrow. David wandered the streets of Greenfield, confused and with no purpose. Friends and neighbors offered their support, but nothing could replace the years of work destroyed. One evening, as he sat on a bench in the town square, he noticed children drawing with chalk on the pavement. Their laughter and creativity cut through his despair. David realized his passion for art wasn’t tied to the physical space of his studio. It was something deeper within him. He decided to start over, to rebuild his life and art anew. With the help of his friends, David set up a small workspace in the community center. He began painting again, this time with renewed purpose. His first piece was an acknowledgment of Greenfield, capturing the town’s resilience (坚韧). As he painted, he felt a sense of peace he hadn’t felt in weeks. One day, while finishing a challenging piece, a young girl approached him. “What are you painting?” she asked. David smiled. “It’s a story,” he said. “A story of resilience and hope.” The girl nodded, her eyes reflecting the colors on the painting. “It’s beautiful,” she said. David felt warmth in his chest. He realized his art was about more than just paintings — it was about connecting with others and sharing his journey. From then on, David painted not only for himself but for everyone who needed a reminder of the beauty in the world. Though his studio had changed, his passion for art had been renewed, and in that, he found a new kind of resilience. 1. How did David feel after the fire destroyed his studio? A. Angry and bitter. B. Grateful and content. C. Lost and empty. D. Anxious and regretful. 2. What is the significance of the children drawing on the pavement? A. Their creativity helps David find joy again. B. They are a reminder of the fire’s destruction. C. They represent the future of art in Greenfield. D. They show how the town has forgotten about David’s art. 3. What is the theme of David’s first new painting after the fire? A. Renewal. B. Resilience. C. Peace. D. Passion. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. The flash today is the silence tomorrow. B. The less you expect, the more you appreciate. C. The flame that burns you may also light your way. D. The greatest roadblocks are the ones you cannot see. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大卫·李的绘画工作室被烧毁，里面的作品也都烧毁了，在沮丧和迷茫的时候他看到孩子们在人行道上用粉笔画画。因此重新点燃了他内心对绘画的热爱。 1. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The following days were clouded with sorrow. David wandered the streets of Greenfield, confused and with no purpose.(接下来的几天充满了悲伤。大卫在格林菲尔德的街道上徘徊，茫然无措)”可知，大火烧毁了大卫的工作室后，他感到迷失和空虚。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“One evening, as he sat on a bench in the town square, he noticed children drawing with chalk on the pavement. Their laughter and creativity cut through his despair.(一天晚上，当他坐在镇广场的长凳上时，他注意到孩子们在人行道上用粉笔画画。他们的笑声和创造力打破了他的绝望)”可知，孩子们在人行道上画画的意义是他们的创造力帮助大卫重新找到了快乐。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第六段“He began painting again, this time with renewed purpose. His first piece was an acknowledgment of Greenfield, capturing the town’s resilience (坚韧).(他又开始画画了，这次带着新的目标。他的第一部作品是对格林菲尔德的认可，捕捉了这个小镇的韧性)”可知，火灾后大卫的第一幅新画的主题是韧性。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though his studio had changed, his passion for art had been renewed, and in that, he found a new kind of resilience.(虽然他的工作室换了，但他对艺术的热情又重燃了，在那里，他发现了一种新的韧性)”结合文章主要讲述了大卫·李的绘画工作室被烧毁，里面的作品也都烧毁了，在沮丧和迷茫的时候他看到孩子们在人行道上用粉笔画画重新点燃了他内心对绘画的热爱。由此可知，从本文可以得出“灼伤你的火焰，也能照亮你的道路”。故选C。 Passage 1 文章主要介绍 Dr. Elena 受童年刺绣经历启发，用艺术形式创作科学插图，把复杂的植物科学知识转化为直观优美的作品。文章展现科学与艺术、文化传承与科学传播的融合，传递“文化可以架起科学与公众之间桥梁”的理念。 【新素材·科学杂志封面】The cover of a serious science magazine recently caught everyone’s attention in a special way. It showed how trees communicate through an “internet of trees” made of fungal threads (菌丝) in the soil. But instead of looking like a regular science diagram, the image appeared as a beautiful Chinese silk embroidery (刺绣), with golden threads connecting the roots in an elegant pattern. This creative idea came from Dr. Elena. When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts. Scientific terms and complicated charts made it difficult for many to understand. One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants. “That’s it!” she suddenly realized. Inspired, she picked up her sketchbook and started creating. She drew seed spreading processes as delicate paper art, with seeds floating across the sky like tiny white sculptures. She gave a description of how plants send signals to each other using patterns similar to those found in textiles. At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it. Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines. “Science doesn’t need to feel cold and emotionless to be correct,” Elena said, pointing to her latest work. This painting shows how plants use sunlight to create energy as a colorful traditional woven artwork. “When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.” 1. Why did Dr. Elena start creating her scientific illustrations? A. To prove her scientific discoveries. B. To explain plant science clearly. C. To replace traditional diagrams. D. To show science can be incorrect. 2. What was the direct inspiration for Dr. Elena’s unique way of scientific drawings? A. A childhood memory of learning embroidery. B. The complex charts in science textbooks. C. The advice from her university professors. D. Her research on traditional Chinese art forms. 3. The reaction of other scientists to Dr. Elena’s work suggests that they _________. A. were initially skeptical about its value B. viewed it merely as decorative art C. considered it an oversimplification D. valued her creative approach 4. According to the passage, what is the key message Dr. Elena wants to convey? A. Science and culture should be separate. B. Digital tools are best for science art. C. Culture can bridge science and the public. D. Traditional science diagrams are useless. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Elena受童年刺绣经历启发，用艺术形式创作科学插图，以帮助人们更好地理解植物科学的故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts.(当她还是一名大学生时，她经常发现很难向非专业人士解释复杂的植物关系。)”以及第四段中“At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it.(起初，这只是她整理思绪的个人方式，但其他科学家看到了她的作品并很喜欢。)”可知，Elena开始创作科学插图是为了更清晰地解释植物科学。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants.(有一天，她想起了自己的童年：祖母教她刺绣。她回忆起彩色的线如何在布料上交织，最终形成美丽的图案。这让她想起了植物之间隐藏的联系。)”可知，Elena独特的科学绘画方式的直接灵感来自她童年学习刺绣的记忆。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it.(起初，这只是她整理思绪的个人方式，但其他科学家看到了她的作品并很喜欢。)”以及第五段“Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines.(在五年多的时间里，她的团队创作了800多幅这样的科学插图，其中许多被世界著名的科学杂志所刊登。)”可知，其他科学家对Elena作品的反应表明他们很欣赏她的创意方法。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.(当我们把文化遗产和科学真理结合起来时，我们就能搭建一座帮助每个人理解知识的桥梁。)”可知，Elena想要传达的关键信息是文化可以架起科学与公众之间的桥梁。故选C。 Passage 2 文章主要介绍社交媒体上一款“Time Travel” AI 滤镜，它能生成用户的“未来自我”形象，并引发人们对命运、选择和自我成长的讨论。文章展现科技与心理、传媒与自我认知的交织，传递对当下选择与未来人生的思考。 【新素材·AI 滤镜】Imagine if you could travel decades ahead and meet the person you will become. You would observe the slight shifts in your body language, the wisdom shown on your face, and the stories your hands would tell. You could witness the impact of your life’s journey reflected in your own eyes. This concept, once purely philosophical, has been brought to life through a new “Time Travel” filter (滤镜) on social media platforms. Unlike simple novelties, this filter uses advanced AI to r$ 考前押题01 阅读理解5大常考话题 考点1 健康生活与积极心态（常考点） 考点2 文学·影视与音乐 考点3 传媒与网络生活 考点4 体育运动与体育精神（常考点） 考点5 绘画与建筑艺术（难点） ① 通读全文，先抓主旨与结构：先看标题、首段、末段和每段首句，判断文章是应用文、说明文、议论文还是记叙文，明确“谁在说、说什么、为什么说”。 ② 细节题：先题干，后原文，再比对：圈出题干关键词（人名、时间、地点、数字、动词），回原文定位，注意同义替换、近义表达和范围大小，防止“张冠李戴”或“以偏概全”。 ③ 推断题：立足原文，不选原文原句：答案通常不是原文直接照搬，而是根据原文信息合理推断。注意作者态度、人物言外之意、段落写作目的和文章出处。 ④ 词义猜测题：看上下文，找并列、转折、解释、举例：画线词前后常有同义词、反义词、定语从句、破折号、冒号或举例说明，利用这些线索判断词义。 ⑤ 主旨大意题：看首尾，抓高频词，避免局部信息：标题和主旨题要覆盖全文，不能只概括某一段。常考“最佳标题”“主要目的”“文章大意”。 ⑥ 应用文题：先看题干，再回表格/小标题定位：通知、广告、节日介绍、网站指南等，重点看时间、价格、条件、对象、联系方式等细节。 ⑦ 说明文/议论文题：注意研究结论、观点态度和逻辑关系：说明文常考研究发现、实验过程、结论启示；议论文常考作者观点、论证方式、语气态度。 ⑧ 新情境/跨学科题：关注科技、心理、艺术、体育、环保等话题：这类题往往不是单纯找信息，而是考理解、推断、评价和迁移，注意“科学+艺术”“科技+伦理”“运动+健康”等综合视角。 考点1 健康生活与积极心态（共6题） Passage 1 Save the Date-September 12-14, 2025-Early Bird Tickets on Sale Now! Pawpaws (木瓜) to the People The Ohio Pawpaw Festival is a fun-filled, educational community event celebrating one of America’s largest native tree fruits, the pawpaw. It’s a creamy, tropical-tasting (热带风味的) fruit. It is both nutritious and historically important. This all-weekend event highlights the rich history and future possibilities of the pawpaw through delicious food and drinks and a full line-up of presentations and activities that cover pawpaw growing, cooking, medical use and other topics related to sustainability. Don’t miss the big events: contests for the best/biggest pawpaw, a cook-off, an art competition, and the ever-popular pawpaw-eating contest. Pawpaws for the Planet! You all know the pawpaw is a green fruit, and the festival has a reputation for being the same way. In addition to the solar-powered stage and reusable beer glasses, this year’s sellers have agreed to serve food on eco-friendly table service items only. They are 100% bought in to a new zero waste policy. So we hope you’ll buy in, too! To make all of these efforts possible, we need some devoted volunteers. Volunteers get a free weekend pass, a T-shirt, and access to top recycling systems. Please sign up through the festival’s volunteer application. To learn more about zero waste efforts in the region, visit ruralaction.org/our-work /zero-waste. Join us for an unforgettable weekend of flavor, fun, and sustainability—secure your tickets today before they sell out! 1. What do we know about the Ohio Pawpaw Festival? A. It’s both informative and entertaining. B. It lasts for a whole week this year. C. It involves a pawpaw-planting competition. D. It celebrates the largest pawpaw in Africa. 2. How many eco-friendly measures of the festival are mentioned? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To report a news story. B. To offer travel tips. C. To introduce a fruit. D. To promote an event. Passage 2 I am somewhat a hard-working woman and don’t like to fail a test. Thus, you can imagine my horror when a friend and I took an online personality test to determine levels of optimism, and I’m sadder than Eeyore, a pessimistic cartoon figure! I had assumed that, as an optimist like Pooh, another cartoon figure, I saw the best in people, happier than pessimists. There was no reason to suggest this was true, but so deeply did I believe it that I felt ashamed of my test. I tried to justify the result to my friend: it was a bad week; the weather was depressing; I wasn’t a pessimist; I was a realist. My poor pessimistic self kept explaining until my friend put me out of my pain. Pessimism and optimism are just a state of being, and we can move between the two. Apparently, there are three things to think about here. First, how personally do you take things? If a friend is in a bad mood, do you assume it is to do with you, or that they’re just a bit upset that day? Optimists favour the latter and know they’re not responsible for everything all around. Second, how pervasive (遍布的) is a feeling for you? If something goes wrong, do you see it as a single incident, or a sign that more bad luck will follow? Eeyores see a missed morning alarm as a dark sign for the entire day. Finally, how permanent do you think a situation is? Poohs believe in the saying, “This too shall pass,” but Eeyores believe a bad situation will stay that way forever. I started to see how my current view of the world was making me a pessimist. I know I can take things personally but, when I took the test, I was burnt out at work and feeling like I was letting everyone down. So, how to change? I started small-when I was feeling unhappy in a situation, I’d ask myself, “How would a Pooh see this?” I repeated the saying and chose to believe in hope, because that’s what optimists do. 1. What was the author’s response to the test result? A. She took it seriously. B. She treated it as a joke. C. She chose to ignore it. D. She admitted its accuracy. 2. What might be a proper understanding of optimism and pessimism? A. Optimism causes more harm than pessimism. B. Optimism and pessimism are defined by tests. C. Both of them are just a matter of personal choice. D. They are fixed and normally not interchangeable. 3. What might Poohs think after a possible traffic accident? A. It is always others’ fault. B. It is a single incident. C. It is a warning to drive less. D. It is a bad sign of misfortune. 4. Which would be the best title for the text? A. Enjoy Your Moment B. Pooh to Eeyore! C. Believe Until You Make It D. Say No to Personality Tests! Passage 3 There are many fantastic health benefits of exercise, but does exercise affect hair growth? It may seem unlikely that your workout would be able to provide protection against the seemingly unavoidable hair loss associated with aging, but there may be some link. For one, exercise increases blood circulation and oxygen in blood cells, which benefits hair follicles (毛囊). This can allow the growth phase of hair to be longer. Exercise can also put an end to certain stress, which is one of the factors involved in hair thinning. Consistent exercise may prevent hair loss. Additionally, exercise will always have a positive effect on your overall health, thus positively affecting your hair growth as well. It’s unrealistic to think that a single run or a couple of yoga classes will immediately reverse hair loss and cause a bunch of new hair strands to spring up. Interestingly, not all types of exercise are equal when it comes to promoting hair growth. Strength training is not as good as any sort of aerobic (有氧的) exercise. Hair loss can be classified into two types: permanent and temporary. Most irreversible hair loss is a product of your gene (基因), whereas hair loss caused by lifestyle choices is usually temporary and can be changed by improving your general health. Although hair loss is not associated with marathon running or any other intense endurance training, it can be affected if you aren’t taking care of your body to support your training. In addition to exercise, following a healthy lifestyle, such as getting enough sleep, not smoking and eating a nutrient-dense diet can promote hair growth. Finally, leaving sweat on your hair after exercise can also make a difference. Hair can become blocked and weak if sweat stays on the head for a long time. Showering after exercise will prevent this. 1. How does exercise benefit the hair according to the text? A. It can relieve people’s stress. B. It can help produce some useful chemicals. C. It takes away some bad things in people’s blood. D. It increases the number of people’s hair follicles positively. 2. What does the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Witness. B. Speed. C. Demonstrate. D. Change. 3. Which can be regarded as a permanent factor for hair loss? A. Exercising habits. B. Lifestyle choices. C. Genetic weakness. D. Living environment. 4. Why is showering after exercise suggested in the text? A. To stop sweat from harming hair growth. B. To keep you smelling pleasant. C. To better take care of your skin. D. To make you feel relaxed. Passage 4 You finish a meal, feel completely full, and then someone opens a box of dessert. A moment ago, your body seemed finished with food. Now, suddenly, dessert sounds possible. We usually think of hunger as the only thing that drives eating. In one sense, that’s true. But modern life surrounds us with something that biology did not quite prepare us for: a constant stream of food cues — packaging, bakery windows, delivery photos… A recent study in Appetite studied why we may not be able to avoid overeating when faced with these food cues. For the study, 90 university students rated their current hunger and the desirability of eleven foods and on this basis two foods of equal rating were selected. Halfway through the experiment, they were fed one of the two foods until they no longer wanted more of it. After the meal, participants rated once again and as a result, they rated the food they ate as less desirable and the food showed “devaluation”. So far, this sounds like common sense: If you eat enough potato chips, the chips should become less tempting. If you eat enough brownies, brownies should lose some of their magic. The study confirmed that people themselves reported experiencing this. However, when researchers recorded students’ reward positivity signal in their brain, the results told a different story. The early brain signal did not shrink when participants saw images of the food they had just stuffed themselves with. The mind can “know” that a food is no longer worth pursuing, but a fast and automatic part of the brain still reacts to its cue as though it carries reward. This study helps explain one of the most frustrating aspects of eating. Overeating is not always a simple failure of willpower. It may begin earlier than that, in the split second when a food cue grabs the brain before deliberate control has had time to catch up. This suggests that self-control may not begin by erasing temptation (诱惑), but by overriding it. The first wave of evaluation may still arrive, but later processes can still step in and say no. Seen this way, self-control is not the absence of desire. It is the ability to outlast a signal that the brain continues to generate. 1. What is the modern challenge of eating? A. Wide availability of food. B. Intense biological hunger. C. Mounting emotional pressure. D. Frequent exposure to food signals. 2. What does the underlined word “devaluation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A drop in its market price. B. A growing attraction to people. C. A decline in its original appeal. D. A reduction in its daily supply. 3. What is the purpose of paragraph 3? A. To question the study’s findings. B. To introduce a new food experiment. C. To explain the reason behind hunger. D. To reveal the mind-brain contradiction. 4. What can we learn about self-control from the last paragraph? A. It results from the first food evaluation. B. It develops through repeated practice. C. It involves acting against lasting urges. D. It requires getting rid of desire for food. Passage 5 People might not realize that one basic life necessity has slipped from their control: meals. With the rise of online platforms, people enjoy the freedom to get anything quickly and at a reasonable price. However, food writer Chen Yuhui argues in her book Who Decides What to Eat that this convenience has robbed people of their autonomy over food, reflecting a greater loss of community life in a result-driven society that prioritizes efficiency. “Many people don’t realize how often their dining choices are made for them,” Chen says. For instance, a boss’s request for overtime changes their dinner plans; or a restaurant discount offer influences where they eat. These, she explains, are passive choices. Chen cites another common complaint: tomatoes that taste plain compared to childhood memories. This reveals a deeper loss — commercially dominant, hard-skinned varieties are “more fitting for long-distance transportation,” sacrificing flavor and the community life once built around fresh markets. Chen also worries about the decline of people’s ability to choose food wisely. Young people buy ingredients online without market experience and may think plain food is just how it’s supposed to be. Chen further notes that online food images are “zombie-like” — they show lifeless food, unlike the fresh produce in markets, and this limits people’s imagination about food. However, when she shares tips on selecting fresh produce in markets, she often gets requests for shopping links instead. Chen connects these attitudes to a broader mindset: “Buying groceries and cooking involve a certain level of acceptance of mistakes. Yet many today seem to have little patience with them.” The focus on results makes delivery appealing, as people believe it guarantees a better outcome. Beyond the loss of autonomy, Chen sees something deeper in food — it’s a microcosm for understanding the world. “If you love tomatoes but find them plain, do you complain or invest effort to find flavorful ones? Searching for the right variety shows different problem-solving abilities, which is what I mean by food being the smallest unit for understanding the world,” she concludes. 1. What does the first paragraph mainly introduce? A. Advances in food technology. B. The hidden cost of food convenience. C. Changing habits of dining out. D. The popularity of online food shopping. 2. What does Chen mean by describing online food images as “zombie-like”? A. They look too perfect to be real. B. They discourage interest in cooking. C. They push people to order takeout. D. They fail to show real and lively food. 3. What does people’s preference for delivery reveal? A. Their desire to avoid uncertainty. B. Their over-reliance on technology. C. Their view of cooking as a burden. D. Their separation from food sources. 4. What message does the text want to convey? A. Returning to markets can restore food autonomy. B. The loss of food flavor is unavoidable nowadays. C. Online platforms have changed people’s lifestyle. D. Our relationship with food mirrors our world view. Passage 6 For travelers who love food, attending an international food festival is a perfect way to experience different cultures. The table below lists four of the most famous festivals, each with its unique appeal. At these events, you can taste local specialties, watch cooking shows, and enjoy cultural performances. Melbourne Food and Wine Festival in Australia (Mar. 10-20) The Festival is Australia’s most famous culinary event. Held annually, the festival features wine tastings, chef masterclasses, and an array of outdoor dining experiences. With a strong focus on local produce, sustainable farming, and green winemaking practices, the festival celebrates Melbourne’s diverse food scene — from street food to fine dining. Mistura Food Festival in Peru (Sep. 6-27) As Latin America’s largest food festival, Mistura celebrates Peru’s rich food diversity. It features ingredients from different regions — from Andean potatoes to exotic fruits from the Amazon. Visitors can taste traditional dishes like cuy (roast guinea pig), attend food workshops, watch cultural performances, and shop at handcrafted markets. Taste of Chicago in USA (Jul. 1-31) Taste of Chicago is the world’s largest food festival, drawing millions of visitors yearly to Grant Park. This vibrant event features live music from renowned performers, cooking demonstrations by top chefs, and family-oriented fun activities. The festival showcases the diversity of Chicago’s culinary scene, offering everything from the city’s famous deep-dish pizza and Chicago-style hot dogs to high-end international cuisine, suitable for all ages. Oktoberfest in Germany (Sep. 14-28) Oktoberfest, held annually in Munich, is the world’s biggest beer festival. It centers on Bavarian culture, offering traditional foods such as roast chicken and special beers from Munich’s historic breweries. The festival features lively beer tents, folk music, parades, and cultural performances in traditional Bavarian attire (服装). Guests enjoy carnival rides and games, making it a fun celebration for the whole family. 1. Tourists who enjoy traditional food and crafts would find ________ the best choice. A. Taste of Chicago B. Oktoberfest C. Mistura Food Festival D. Melbourne Food and Wine Festival 2. What sets the Melbourne festival apart from the others? A. It is the largest in its region. B. It includes live music performances. C. It features traditional costume parades. D. It promotes an eco-friendly approach to food. 3. What do Taste of Chicago and Oktoberfest have in common? A. Both include cooking shows. B. Both are family-friendly events. C. Both are held in the same month. D. Both offer quality international cuisine. 考点2 文学·影视与音乐（共6题） Passage 1 Researchers at the Université de Montreal have found that our favorite music, particularly the emotions brought on by listening to bittersweet music, might be an effective, drug-free way of lowering our perception of pain. Music has long been known to have a hypoalgesic effect, meaning that it causes a decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli (刺激物). But to test which kind of music was most effective for reducing pain, 63 participants received moderately painful heat stimuli to the inner forearm, resulting in a sensation similar to a hot teacup being held against the skin. The pain was paired with short pieces of music, each lasting around seven minutes. Listening to their favorite music strongly reduced pain intensity and unpleasantness in participants, compared to control tracks or silence. Unfamiliar relaxing tracks did not have the same effect. The researchers then interviewed participants about their favorite songs and conducted an analysis about four themes related to categories of emotional experience: energizing/activating, happy/cheerful, calming/relaxing, and moving/bittersweet. They wanted to see whether emotion themes could modulate the hypoalgesic effect of favorite music. “We found that reports of moving or bittersweet emotional experiences seem to result in lower ratings of pain unpleasantness, which was driven by more intense enjoyment of the music and more musical chills,” said Valevicius. While they don’t define “musical chills” in their paper, the researchers point to previous neurological studies that suggest a dopamine (多巴胺) pathway in the brain may be fundamental to both the enjoyment of music and music-induced chills. In some people, the researchers say, chills can appear as a tingling sensation, shivers, or goosebumps. 1. What is the common view about music? A. It has a pain-decreasing effect. B. It can enhance brain development. C. It is a universal language of mankind. D. It may reduce feelings of pressure and depression. 2. What does the underlined word “modulate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Ruin. B. Improve. C. Judge. D. Adjust. 3. What can be learned about musical chills? A. They will be further studied by researchers. B. They have been defined in previous studies. C. They may be related to dopamine in the brain. D. They contribute little to the enjoyment of music. 4. What’s the text mainly about? A. Listening to music can make us more focused. B. Music is a powerful tool for boosting our mood. C. Emotional pain has an impact on our physical health. D. Our favorite bittersweet music may help relieve pain. Passage 2 From a talented child to entertainment all-star, award-winning singer-songwriter John Legend makes success look easy. His background provides plenty of reasons for his musical abilities. He was born on December 28, 1978, into a very musical family, all active participants in the church. John’s grandmother played the organ, his mother directed the church choir and his father and brother played the drums. During John’s boyhood, his mother taught him at home for a few years. His grandmother discovered the child’s musical genius when he was 4 and began to give him piano lessons. By age 6, he was singing in the church choir. According to John, “I knew from a pretty early age that I wanted to keep making music.” Besides his love of music, he had a strong desire to learn. He excelled at school, skipped two grades and entered high school at age 12. And at 16, he graduated second in his class. He received offers from Harvard and scholarships from Georgetown University. After college John worked as a business consultant during the day. At night he played music, meeting many big-name musicians. When he met and began writing music with Kanye West in 2001, a music career suddenly felt possible. In 2004 he released his first album and won his first Grammy Award! Since then he has collected nine more. In 2018 Legend became one of the youngest people and the first African-American man to complete an EGOT. Legend has used his fame to help those in need and to promote school reform, involved in a large number of charitable organizations. Despite all of Legend’s accomplishments, he seldom talks much about his own abilities. On his album, Darkness and Light, he sang, “Legend is just a name; I know better than to be so proud.” In reality, though, the accomplished musician has lived up to his name and become a legend in his time. 1. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________ A. John’s childhood B. John’s family background C. John’s education D. John’s musical abilities 2. What does the underlined word “EGOT” refer to in paragraph 6? A. A charity organization. B. A type of music award. C. A university degree. D. A business company. 3. Which words can best describe John Legend? A. Humorous and confident. B. Athletic and hardworking. C. Graceful and patient. D. Talented and loving. 4. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To describe John Legend’s career and charitable work. B. To explain how John Legend earned his Grammy Awards. C. To compare John Legend’s musical style with other artists’. D. To analyze the challenges John Legend faced in his music career. Passage 3 Have you ever noticed how a particular song can bring back a flood of memories and make you deeply emotional? That’s because it’s not just your ears that are engaged when you listen to music-the areas of your brain responsible for emotion and memory also become active. While music’s ability to excite emotions and recall memories is well known, Yiren Ren, a sixth-year Ph.D. student in Georgia Tech’s School of Psychology, and her team wondered whether it could also change the emotional content of existing memories. The researchers developed a three-day experiment to test it. On the first day, participants (参与者) memorized a series of short, emotionally neutral (中立的) stories. The next day, they recalled these stories while listening to either positive music, negative music, or silence, as fMRI recorded their brain activity by monitoring changes in blood flow. On the final day, participants were asked to recall the stories again, this time without any music. The results were striking. When participants listened to emotionally charged music while recalling the neutral stories, they were more likely to include new emotional elements into the story that matched the mood of the music. Even more interesting was the brain imaging taken during the experiment. When participants recalled stories while listening to music, there was increased activity in brain areas responsible for emotional memory processing. This is why a song associated with a significant life event can feel so powerful – it activates both emotion and memory-processing regions at the same time. The finding suggests that music is closely connected with memories and unnoticeably shaping their emotional tone. Memories may also be more flexible than previously thought and could be influenced by external sounds during recall. For people dealing with emotional disorders, carefully chosen music might help reshape those memories in a more positive light and potentially reduce their negative emotional impact over time. 1. Why did Yiren Ren and her team carry out the experiment? A. To study how music excites emotions. B. To measure brain activity during music. C. To explore music’s memory recall ability. D. To test if music affects emotions in memory. 2. What were participants required to do? A. Create emotionally neutral stories. B. Read stories and summarize them. C. Listen to music and report feelings. D. Memorize and recall stories across days. 3. What changes did participants experience during the music-added period? A. Their neutral memories gained emotional color. B. They could maintain attention for a longer period. C. They struggled to recall emotionally charged stories. D. Their brain regions for action control became active. 4. Which group of people might benefit from the finding? A. Music lovers in daily life. B. Researchers studying brain functions. C. Students seeking memory improvement. D. People suffering from mental health problems. Passage 4 Jay Chou’s new album, Children of the Sun, has sparked a wave of nostalgia. One song, That Rainy Day, is widely regarded as the sequel (续集) to his classic Sunny Day, released 23 years ago. Fans say, “The rain of youth has been falling for over twenty years.” In Sunny Day, there is a line: “That classroom, I cannot see it.” That Rainy Day softly replies: “That classroom, I have seen it.” What was once “invisible” has now become “visible” — not just the classroom, but also one’s own self. Psychologists explain that teenagers often experience “adolescent egocentrism.” They feel the whole world is watching them, trapped in their own world, believing no one truly understands their struggles. What they “see” later in life is that the classroom was never empty. There were people who shared textbooks, held umbrellas for them, and cut out their photos in yearbooks. It was in that classroom that they learned to connect, to say goodbye, and to understand themselves. Another line in Sunny Day asks: “I want to ask again, will you wait or leave?” Now, That Rainy Day offers a different answer: “I will never turn and leave again.” From a question to a statement, from “will you” to “I will,” the shift shows a change in mindset. As young people, we often looked outward for certainty, waiting for others to give us answers. Growing up means realizing that the most important promise is the one we make to ourselves. From Sunny Day to That Rainy Day, there is a conversation across time. It speaks to the regrets left unspoken in youth and the peace found in adulthood. Every listener may have a different understanding, but many share similar feelings at different stages of life. 1. What does the author mean by saying “the rain of youth has been falling for over twenty years”? A. Jay Chou’s songs are still popular today. B. It has been raining for many years in the city. C. The two songs were both written on rainy days. D. The memories of youth stay with us for a long time. 2. What does “the classroom” in the two songs represent? A. A dream never realized. B. A building in the school. C. A place for taking exams. D. The experiences of youth. 3. What change does the shift from “will you” to “I will” show? A. Self-doubt never disappears. B. Adulthood means self-reliance. C. Questions lose value over time. D. Youth seeks approval from others. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Two Songs, One Youth B. The Art of Songwriting C. Why We Love Jay Chou D. Rain in Chinese Culture Passage 5 The Cambridge Folk Festival 2027 will take place on Saturday 31 July & Sunday 1 August 2027 at Cherry Hinton Hall. At the festival, you’ll see global superstars performing live with exciting emerging artists. You can also look forward to a variety of Greek, Australian, Indian and Chinese dishes as well as Vegetarian & Vegan food, burgers, pizza, ice-cream and so much more. But the experience here goes far beyond music and food. You can join workshops on traditional instruments and get hands-on experience with the charm of folk instruments. And if you’re interested in songwriting, there are dedicated workshops waiting for you to release your creativity. Ticket Prices Ticket Type Price (inclusive of booking fee) Adult £133 Young Folk (14-25) £93 Children (0-13) Free Disability Concessions (优惠) £93 Accommodation & Camping Cambridge offers a wide selection of hotels for visitors staying during the festival. Please visit www.visitcambridge.org for a full list of hotels. If you wish to camp on site, camping tickets must be purchased separately at a rate of £45 per tent. A single camping ticket provides one plot, sized to fit a 2-3 berth (铺位) tent. Cherry Hinton Campsite is the only campsite for 2027. Parking & Drop-Off Parking is available at Netherhall Secondary School, priced at £20 for the full weekend parking pass. Free authorized drop-off access is reserved for three groups of visitors only, but prior application is required. ·Families with children aged under 5 ·Guests carrying large musical instruments ·Visitors with pre-existing health conditions All vehicles must first enter the car park before parking staff direct you to the assigned drop-off zone. For further information, please visit the official festival website: www.cambridgefolkfestival.co.uk. 1. What else can visitors do apart from enjoying music and food? A. Perform with artists. B. Take cooking lessons. C. Join dance workshops. D. Compose original songs. 2. How much does a disabled adult pay for his festival ticket and a camping plot? A. £93. B. £133. C. £138. D. £178. 3. What is a must for visitors using the free authorized drop-off? A. Applying ahead of time. B. Prepaying the parking fee. C. Arriving before weekends. D. Registering on the website. Passage 6 Hans Christian Andersen was born on April 2, 1805, in Odense, Denmark, into deep poverty. His father, a shoemaker, filled his imagination with folk tales (故事) and built him a toy theater; his mother was a washerwoman. When Andersen was eleven, his father died, leaving the boy largely on his own. In 1819, the clumsy teenager traveled alone to Copenhagen, determined to become famous as an actor, singer, or dancer. He tried out at the Royal Danish Theatre but was turned down. Despite this setback, Andersen’s raw talent drew the attention of Jonas Collin, a theatre director who became his lifelong benefactor (赞助人). Collin arranged for him to attend grammar school, first in Slagelse and later in Helsingor. This proved a tough experience, as the teenage Andersen was placed among much younger students and struggled with a tough headmaster. Yet he didn’t give up, and in 1828 he entered the University of Copenhagen, having already started publishing poetry and literature. Andersen practically invented the writing of eventyr — the adventure fairy tale, or fantastic tale — breaking sharply with the writing tradition of his time. Unlike the Brothers Grimm, who collected folk tales, Andersen wrote original stories in an everyday, spoken style, as if addressing a child. This was revolutionary: no serious writer had previously used such everyday language for children. His first tales — including “The Tinder Box”, “Thumbelina”, and “The Princess and the Pea” — appeared in 1835. Over four decades, he produced about 156 tales that have been translated into over 125 languages, making him one of the most translated authors in history. Andersen’s talent lies in his style, humor, and direct address to the reader. He gave voices to ordinary objects — toys, flowers, household items — making them unforgettable protagonists (主人公). Beneath their seemingly simple surface, his tales talk about society’s problems, make fun of the world, and show emotional depth. This unique blend allows his stories to appeal to and challenge readers of all ages, securing his timeless legacy. 1. What did Andersen aim to become at fourteen? A. A theatre director. B. A performer on the stage. C. A shoemaker like his father. D. A famous writer of fairy tales. 2. What can we infer about Andersen’s school years? A. He was warmly welcomed by younger classmates. B. His headmaster offered him special literary guidance. C. He went through hardship but eventually overcame it. D. His raw talent was discovered through formal education. 3. How did Andersen’s tales differ from the Brothers Grimm’s? A. They were based on Danish folk tales. B. They were longer and more difficult to understand. C. They were based on the author’s own experiences. D. They were original stories in a conversational style. 4. Why do Andersen’s tales appeal to readers of all ages? A. They are humorous and fantastic. B. They have deeper meanings under a simple surface. C. They were written separately for children and adults. D. They were translated into many languages. 考点3 传媒与网络生活（共3题） Passage 1 Portal Information for Current AARP Volunteers What is the Volunteer Portal? The AARP Volunteer Portal (volunteers.aarp.org) is an online platform designed to support volunteers throughout their experience with AARP. Whether you want to access volunteer resources and on-demand trainings, or connect with volunteer colleagues from across the nation, you can do it all from this secure digital platform. Who Can Use the Volunteer Portal? The AARP Volunteer Portal is accessible to all active AARP volunteers. If you are not an active AARP volunteer or are unsure of your status, please reach out to your AARP volunteer program lead or contact the Volunteer Helpline at 1-833-865-2277 or volunteer@aarp.org. How to Access the Portal? If you are a current volunteer, you can access the portal here: volunteers.aarp.org. For the best user experience, you should use Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge or Safari to log in to the Volunteer Portal. New Volunteer Portal users will receive an email invitation directly from their volunteer program with instructions for logging into the Volunteer Portal. If you have not received this notification and are a new AARP volunteer, please reach out to your volunteer supervisor (主管) for assistance. You will not be able to access the Volunteer Portal for the first time without the invitation email. After your first registration and login, you cannot access the Volunteer Portal through the link in your email invitation. Returning users can navigate to the Volunteer Portal by visiting volunteers.aarp.org. To log in, you will only need the email address you used to register with AARP along with your secure password. Have more questions about the Volunteer Portal? Contact the Volunteer Helpline at volunteer@aarp.org or give us a call at 865-2277. 1. Who can make use of the Volunteer Portal? A. AARP applicants. B. Current AARP volunteers. C. Former AARP volunteers. D. Volunteers across the nation. 2. What is required for first-time access to the Volunteer Portal? A. A secure password. B. An invitation link. C. A registration form. D. An instructional guide. 3. What is the purpose of this text? A. To appeal for volunteers. B. To offer tips to new members. C. To introduce an online platform. D. To recommend a volunteer organization. Passage 2 The term “parasocial interaction” (虚拟社交) was first used in the 1950s by the social scientists Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl. At that time, home televisions were new, and the two researchers noticed something interesting: people were forming strong connections with actors they only saw on TV. Today, this idea has expanded. With social media, streaming platforms, and online videos, we can “meet” actors, singers, athletes, and other celebrities in more ways than ever. Building these one-sided relationships — where we feel close to someone who doesn’t know us — has never been easier. Psychologists have studied cases where these connections go too far, leading to problems. These relationships can start as casual — like chatting about a star’s latest post — but sometimes grow into strong emotions, wild fantasies, or even harmful behaviors. For example, some fans lose touch with reality and stalk celebrities. Teens are especially at risk: when they model themselves after their “virtual friends” — copying their styles or hobbies — it might confuse them about who they really are, since teenagers are still figuring out their own identities. In 2021, Canadian psychologists found a link between these one-sided bonds and “avoidant attachment” — a tendency to avoid close relationships in real life. People who often feel uncomfortable with others may turn to fictional characters as substitutes. This creates a loop: avoiding real connections makes them seek comfort in virtual ones, which then makes them interact less with family and friends. They spend time liking posts or watching videos of someone who doesn’t even know they exist, pushing aside real relationships that need their attention. This doesn’t mean virtual interactions are bad. Many people enjoy following celebrities casually without any harm. But if you find yourself spending hours thinking about fictional people and neglecting real-life connections, it might be a sign to step back. Taking a break from these “one-sided friends” can help address this, letting you open up to real relationships that bring true warmth and support. 1. How has parasocial interaction changed according to Paragraph 1? A. It has become more accessible. B. It has affected more celebrities. C. It has lost much of its significance. D. It has turned into a two-way process. 2. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Reasons behind celebrity following. B. Origins of dangerous relationships. C. Different types of parasocial relationships. D. Potential harm of parasocial relationships. 3. What does the underlined word “loop” in paragraph 3 mean? A. A perfect combination. B. A workable solution. C. A disastrous consequence. D. A repetitive cycle. 4. What might the author suggest for those with heavy parasocial relationships? A. Meeting fictional friends in real life. B. Hanging out more with real friends. C. Seeking guidance from professionals. D. Creating more space for being alone. Passage 3 Walter Benjamin, the German philosopher, once noted that boredom was the “dream bird that hatches the egg of experience”. However, the creative flights of fancy which often arise from having little to do are being killed off by social media, researchers argued. Viewing mindlessly through attention-grabbing posts and videos prevents “profound (深层的) boredom” that can drive people on to new passions or skills. Instead, people find themselves in a state of “superficial boredom”, which does not motivate creative thought. Dr Timothy Hill, leader of the research team at the University of Bath, said, “The problem we observed was that social media can ease superficial boredom. But that also consumes time and energy, and may prevent people progressing to a state of profound boredom, where they might discover new passions. Profound boredom may sound like a negative concept but, in fact, it can be intensely positive if people are given the chance for undisturbed thinking and development. Researchers interviewed 15 people during the pandemic (流行病), when boredom was more likely because of restrictions. Many described being trapped in regularly daily walks and watching television, with many turning to social media to pass the time. But although the participants said that social media provided a temporary escape from superficial boredom, it also appeared to exacerbate it, leaving them feeling they had wasted their time. The pandemic was a painful and consuming experience for thousands of less fortunate people. But there are stories of those in lockdown who found new hobbies, careers or directions in life. Switching off devices could help people reach the state of boredom which pushes them on to new hobbies or achievements. This research has given us a window to understand how the “always-on”, 24/7 culture and devices that promise an abundance of information and entertainment may be fixing our superficial boredom but are actually preventing us from finding more meaningful things. 1. Why are Walter Benjamin’s words mentioned? A. To call for attention to the research on boredom. B. To comment on strategies to face loneliness. C. To offer suggestions on cultivating creative thinking. D. To clarify problems caused by social media. 2. Which of the following may Dr Timothy Hill agree with? A. Profound boredom is of value. B. Superficial boredom is unavoidable. C. Social media should be restricted. D. Undisturbed thinking is hard to achieve. 3. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Define. B. Relieve. C. Ignore. D. Worsen. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Why people enjoy boredom. B. How boredom helps kill time. C. Why boredom might be good for you. D. How social media blocks creative ideas. 考点4 体育运动与体育精神（共4题） Passage 1 Safe Use of the School Fitness Room Treadmill The school fitness room has introduced a new treadmill (跑步机) for students. Although it is easy to operate, students should not step onto it without reading the safety label first. The machine should be used only after basic instruction. If you feel faint, dizzy or in pain during exercise, stop at once and tell the teacher or fitness room staff. ★Treadmill Quick Guide STAGE WHAT TO DO Before starting Stand on the two top steps located on each side of the running belt. Safety check Attach the emergency-stop clip to clothing. Starting Tap Quick Start and wait. During exercise Use handrails for support and balance. Stopping Press STOP to stop the running belt. After use Remove the emergency-stop key if asked. ★Treadmill Safety Information ★Key Reminders Before and After Use The emergency-stop key is especially important. Before starting, attach the emergency-stop clip firmly to your clothing. Make sure the clip engages enough clothing so it does not fall off. The line should be free of knots and long enough for you to work out comfortably with the key in place. If you move too far back, the key can be pulled out of the console (控制台) and the treadmill will stop. After exercise, students should leave the treadmill clean and safe for the next user. Wait until the belt has completely stopped, step onto the side steps, and wipe the console or handrails if necessary. The rule is simple: use the treadmill not only to train your body, but also to practise safe and responsible use of shared equipment. 1. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare treadmill safety features. B. To promote safe treadmill use. C. To highlight a new fitness facility. D. To explain emergency-stop procedures. 2. Which action may be risky? A. Stopping when you feel unwell. B. Setting 9 kph and 10% grade. C. Ignoring abnormal machine noises. D. Holding the handrails when necessary. 3. Who is most likely to be protected by the emergency-stop clip? A. A user who moves backward too far. B. A user who steps onto the side steps. C. A user who clips it onto too little. D. A user who leaves knots in the line. Passage 2 Arm wrestling (扳手腕) was one of my favorite ways of playing with my brothers growing up. It allowed my younger brother and me to test our strength without getting tackled. I also put up a good fight when arm wrestling with my older brother and his friends. Their greater strength and experience made the challenge even more interesting. Every match seemed to end in a good laugh, no matter who won. Now I’m a scientist who studies animals in the wild. I have seen that playing is a great way to socialize; there is so much more to play than fun and games. When humans and other animals play, they are building trust with siblings and friends. They learn how far they can push their partners before anyone becomes angry or physically hurt. That’s called “testing boundaries.” Older playmates may self-handicap, appearing to be less competent than they really are to help younger players learn skills and explore their abilities. Play offers a safe space, where everyone knows the rules and can experiment with new ways to move, think, and respond to others. Over the past 30 years, I’ve learned a lot about play by watching young male elephants test their strength through sparring (拳击) games with their friends and superiors. Group sparring matches are common at sunset, when several different elephant families show up at the water hole to drink. After the initial excitement of the arrival and a good long drink, young males slip away from the sides of their watchful moms and aunts to form sparring rings. An elder sister makes sure that the playing doesn’t get out of hand, so she is ever present with a trunk on the back or over the head to calm the enthusiasm. That way, the younger males don’t end up on the bottom of the pile. Watching young elephants spar reminds me that play should be part of our everyday schedule — the less structure, the better. 1. What does the author want to say by mentioning his/her childhood experience? A. Winning is not the true meaning of play. B. Children prefer to play traditional games. C. Play is essential in children’s development. D. Arm wrestling is a safe way to test strength. 2. What benefit of play does the author emphasize? A. It brings fun. B. It enables boundary breaking. C. It settles conflicts. D. It develops socializing skills. 3. How do older playmates help the younger to learn during playtime? A. By pretending to be weaker. B. By warning them of risks. C. By testing their competence. D. By teaching necessary skills. 4. How would the author describe the elephant’s sparring games? A. Safe and fair. B. Not strictly controlled. C. Well-organized. D. Highly competitive. Passage 3 Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA. As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 1. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A. The influence of his family. B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C. The demand of the football team. D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 2. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A. To gain Kenya’s support. B. To set an example for others. C. To catch Arsenal’s attention. D. To show his achievements. 3. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A. Promoting football’s development. B. Going global with the help of FIFA. C. Beating climate change completely. D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 4. What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. Passage 4 Every runner is unique, and a shoe that works for one might trip up another. Outside of trying on different designs, there’s no quick and easy way to know which shoe best suits a person’s particular running style. MIT engineers are hoping to change that with a new model which integrates a person’s height, weight, and other general dimensions, along with shoe properties such as hardness. With this input, the model then simulates (模拟) a person’s running gait (步法) in a particular shoe. While the model can accurately simulate changes in a person’s running gait when comparing two very different shoe types, it is quite futile when comparing relatively similar designs, including most commercially available running shoes. For this reason, the researchers believe the current model could just be used as a tool for shoe designers looking to push the boundaries of shoe design. The team is planning to improve the model, in hopes that consumers can one day use a similar version to pick shoes that fit their personal running style. “We’ll allow for enough flexibility in the model so that it can be used to understand different individual behaviors,” says Sarah Fay, an MIT researcher. “Way down the road, we imagine that if you send us a video of yourself running, we could 3D print the shoe that's right for you. That would be the moonshot.” Fay and co-workers drew inspiration from Thomas McMahon, who once used a very simple model to simulate a runner’s essential running dynamics. Using this model, he predicted how fast a person could run on various track surfaces. “McMahon’s work showed that, even if we don’t model every single muscle and component of the human body, we still can create valuable insights into how we design for athletic performance,” Fay says. Following McMahon’s lead, the team developed a similar, simplified model of a runner’s dynamics. 1. What do the MIT engineers aim to do? A. Identify the appropriate running style for people. B. Predict a runner’s performance in running races. C. Determine suitable running shoes for individuals. D. Raise the appearance and quality of running shoes. 2. What does the underlined word “futile” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Ineffective. B. Innovative. C. Unnecessary. D. Conservative. 3. What will the team focus on while improving their model? A. Its customization capabilities. B. Its efficiency in mass production. C. Its enhancement of shoes’ appearance. D. Its adaptability to different 3D printers. 4. What does Fay highlight through her words in paragraph 4? A. The significance of comprehensive data collection. B. The value of simplicity in solving complex problems. C. The impact of track surfaces on athletic performance. D. The role of advanced computational models in sports. 考点5 绘画与建筑艺术（共3题） Passage 1 The National Trust (英国国家信托基金会) is setting up a new laboratory to store and study thousands of paint samples taken from its houses, paintings and objects. The charity, which preserves nature and historic buildings for the public, wants to find out what hidden layers of paint can unlock about our past. The Trust has thousands of samples of paints collected over many years from buildings, objects and paintings that it looks after. Some of the oldest come from Roman houses dating back more than 1, 800 years. Up to now, these samples have been stored all over the country. Having them all in one place at the lab will help conservators (文物修复员) do their research. The lab will be at the Trust’s Royal Oak Foundation Conservation Studio in Kent, England, and the equipment there will allow researchers to study paints extremely closely to understand the materials that were used. The samples come from a corner of a wall or painting and experts take a tiny slice through all the layers of paint down to the original surface. Research can reveal some strange ingredients that artists used. For example, a sample taken from a picture by the Italian artist Tintoretto, which is nearly 500 years old, showed that he used layers of ground-up (研磨) gold to create a rich surface. This research can also show what something looked like when it was new. One study, on the National Trusts’ Base Assembly Rooms, England, found that the rooms had been painted over many times throughout their 250-year history. When experts studied the sample, they could look at the layers of paint over all that time and see that the first color used was either a salmon pink (鲑鱼粉) or greenish blue. This helped the conservators work out how to restore each room to the way it originally looked. Rebecca Helen, senior conservator at the National Trust said that goal is “Being authentic for our visitors”. 1. Why is the National Trust setting up the new laboratory? A. To examine paint layers for historical research. B. To display historic paintings for the public. C. To collect paint samples from different places. D. To equip conservators with modern techniques. 2. What can be inferred from Tintoretto’s paint sample? A. Artists in the past preferred using expensive materials. B. Gold was a common ingredient in all ancient paintings. C. Painting materials used in the past can be unexpected. D. Paint layers mainly reflect the painter’s taste in color. 3. What does the underlined word “authentic” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Appealing. B. Real. C. Artistic. D. Vivid. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Chemistry of Historical Paints B. Restoring Historic Paintings C. A Laboratory’s Role in Art History D. Exploring Our Colourful Past Passage 2 When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face”. Later, as an illustrated journalist, I once planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage-to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. A fixed concept. B. The adult’s criticism. C. A sharp contrast. D. The unclear drawing rules. 2. Why were the drawings terrible but wonderful in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “the entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. More library service roles. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. Greater professional pride. D. Deeper exploration for good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. Passage 3 In the quiet town of Greenfield, situated in the hills of upstate New York, David Lee had built a life around his art. His small studio in an old Victorian house was a sanctuary (庇护所) where he painted landscapes that captured (展现) the heart of the town he loved. The walls were covered with pieces of art, each one reflecting his dedication and passion. One crisp autumn evening, as the sun set, casting a golden glow over the town, David worked on what he believed was his best piece yet. Lost in his work, he barely noticed a flash of light in the corner of his eye. It was a neighbor who first saw the smoke. By the time David realized what was happening, the fire had spread through half of his studio. He rushed outside, horrified to see the flames (火焰) consuming everything he had worked so hard for. Within minutes, his studio was reduced to ashes. The following days were clouded with sorrow. David wandered the streets of Greenfield, confused and with no purpose. Friends and neighbors offered their support, but nothing could replace the years of work destroyed. One evening, as he sat on a bench in the town square, he noticed children drawing with chalk on the pavement. Their laughter and creativity cut through his despair. David realized his passion for art wasn’t tied to the physical space of his studio. It was something deeper within him. He decided to start over, to rebuild his life and art anew. With the help of his friends, David set up a small workspace in the community center. He began painting again, this time with renewed purpose. His first piece was an acknowledgment of Greenfield, capturing the town’s resilience (坚韧). As he painted, he felt a sense of peace he hadn’t felt in weeks. One day, while finishing a challenging piece, a young girl approached him. “What are you painting?” she asked. David smiled. “It’s a story,” he said. “A story of resilience and hope.” The girl nodded, her eyes reflecting the colors on the painting. “It’s beautiful,” she said. David felt warmth in his chest. He realized his art was about more than just paintings — it was about connecting with others and sharing his journey. From then on, David painted not only for himself but for everyone who needed a reminder of the beauty in the world. Though his studio had changed, his passion for art had been renewed, and in that, he found a new kind of resilience. 1. How did David feel after the fire destroyed his studio? A. Angry and bitter. B. Grateful and content. C. Lost and empty. D. Anxious and regretful. 2. What is the significance of the children drawing on the pavement? A. Their creativity helps David find joy again. B. They are a reminder of the fire’s destruction. C. They represent the future of art in Greenfield. D. They show how the town has forgotten about David’s art. 3. What is the theme of David’s first new painting after the fire? A. Renewal. B. Resilience. C. Peace. D. Passion. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. The flash today is the silence tomorrow. B. The less you expect, the more you appreciate. C. The flame that burns you may also light your way. D. The greatest roadblocks are the ones you cannot see. Passage 1 文章主要介绍 Dr. Elena 受童年刺绣经历启发，用艺术形式创作科学插图，把复杂的植物科学知识转化为直观优美的作品。文章展现科学与艺术、文化传承与科学传播的融合，传递“文化可以架起科学与公众之间桥梁”的理念。 【新素材·科学杂志封面】The cover of a serious science magazine recently caught everyone’s attention in a special way. It showed how trees communicate through an “internet of trees” made of fungal threads (菌丝) in the soil. But instead of looking like a regular science diagram, the image appeared as a beautiful Chinese silk embroidery (刺绣), with golden threads connecting the roots in an elegant pattern. This creative idea came from Dr. Elena. When she was still a university student, she often found it hard to explain complex plant relationships to people who weren’t experts. Scientific terms and complicated charts made it difficult for many to understand. One day, she remembered her childhood: her grandmother teaching her embroidery. She recalled how colorful threads wove together on fabric (布料), eventually forming beautiful patterns. It reminded her of the hidden connections between plants. “That’s it!” she suddenly realized. Inspired, she picked up her sketchbook and started creating. She drew seed spreading processes as delicate paper art, with seeds floating across the sky like tiny white sculptures. She gave a description of how plants send signals to each other using patterns similar to those found in textiles. At first, this was just her personal way to organize her thoughts, but other scientists saw her work and loved it. Over five years, her team created more than 800 of these scientific illustrations, with many featured in world-famous science magazines. “Science doesn’t need to feel cold and emotionless to be correct,” Elena said, pointing to her latest work. This painting shows how plants use sunlight to create energy as a colorful traditional woven artwork. “When we combine cultural heritage with scientific truth, we can build a bridge that helps everyone understand knowledge.” 1. Why did Dr. Elena start creating her scientific illustrations? A. To prove her scientific discoveries. B. To explain plant science clearly. C. To replace traditional diagrams. D. To show science can be incorrect. 2. What was the direct inspiration for Dr. Elena’s unique way of scientific drawings? A. A childhood memory of learning embroidery. B. The complex charts in science textbooks. C. The advice from her university professors. D. Her research on traditional Chinese art forms. 3. The reaction of other scientists to Dr. Elena’s work suggests that they _________. A. were initially skeptical about its value B. viewed it merely as decorative art C. considered it an oversimplification D. valued her creative approach 4. According to the passage, what is the key message Dr. Elena wants to convey? A. Science and culture should be separate. B. Digital tools are best for science art. C. Culture can bridge science and the public. D. Traditional science diagrams are useless. Passage 2 文章主要介绍社交媒体上一款“Time Travel” AI 滤镜，它能生成用户的“未来自我”形象，并引发人们对命运、选择和自我成长的讨论。文章展现科技与心理、传媒与自我认知的交织，传递对当下选择与未来人生的思考。 【新素材·AI 滤镜】Imagine if you could travel decades ahead and meet the person you will become. You would observe the slight shifts in your body language, the wisdom shown on your face, and the stories your hands would tell. You could witness the impact of your life’s journey reflected in your own eyes. This concept, once purely philosophical, has been brought to life through a new “Time Travel” filter (滤镜) on social media platforms. Unlike simple novelties, this filter uses advanced AI to recreate not just aging, but life experiences, suggesting how one’s entire behavior and appearance might evolve based on current personality indicators. Psychologists on these platforms have noted its “making people think” accuracy. The widespread reaction, particularly among millennials (千禧一代), reveals a complex mix of curiosity and a deep anxiety about the path their lives are taking, and more importantly, the person they are destined to become. What makes this filter unique? The “Time Travel” filter, featured in over 5 million posts, generates a short, moving video. It doesn’t just add wrinkles; it slightly changes the user’s gaze, body language, and even micro-expressions, proposing a future self shaped by years of imagined joys and challenges. The AI analyzes users’ current photos, video diaries, and even stated goals to create a personalized future digital character. Instagram is not the first to explore such concepts. Earlier apps offered basic “future self” motionless images. However, the dynamic and deeply personalized nature of this new filter has captured the public’s imagination. Tech influencer Elon Musk reportedly tried the filter and commented, “It’s fascinating, but it makes you question your present choices more than it predicts your future.” Many users debate the filter’s plausibility, comparing their projected future self to older relatives or mentors they admire. Some have applied the filter to photos of themselves from a decade ago to see how accurate the prediction might have been. On the contrary, a significant number have found the experience motivating. They report feeling a renewed sense of purpose, with comments like, “I look so at peace, it gives me hope,” becoming common. This filter has sparked not just a trend, but a global conversation about fate, choice, and the person we are all slowly becoming. 1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To explain how the AI filter works. B. To introduce the topic in an imaginative way. C. To compare different social media platforms. D. To demonstrate future predictions are accurate. 2. What does Elon Musk’s comment on the filter imply? A. Its prediction is technologically accurate. B. Its main value is for entertainment. C. It makes people reflect on their current life. D. It helps people set clear future goals. 3. The underlined word “plausibility” is closest in meaning to _________. A. believability B. popularity C. complexity D. unreliability 4. What is the overall tone of the passage towards the “Time Travel” filter? A. Critical and dismissive. B. Promotional and enthusiastic. C. Balanced and thoughtful. D. Indifferent and unconcerned. 27 / 43 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $