考前押题01 语法填空5大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期沪外版

考前押题01 语法填空5大常考话题 话题1 人物（常考点） 话题2 社会问题与社会现象（常考点） 话题3 方法与哲理 话题4 科学技术（难点） 话题5 人与环境 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 人物（共6篇） Passage 1 （25‑26 高二上・上海嘉定一中、晋元高级中学・期中） On 14 July 1960, 26-year-old Jane Goodall arrived at Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, where she began pioneering study of chimpanzee behaviour. Without any formal scientific degree, she observed her subjects with an open mind and recorded what she saw, 1 than what she had been taught to expect. Her approach, 2 unconventional, soon transformed the way scientists viewed animal intelligence. In 1964, Goodall’s late husband, Dutch photographer Hugo van Lawick, captured an iconic photo of her reaching out to a young chimp named Flint, 3 curious eyes reflected the same gentleness she showed. 4 (publish) in National Geographic the following year, the image became a symbol of empathy between humans and animals. Goodall later said that when she first saw this image she was reminded of Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam. This image and the documentaries that followed “forced science to abandon the idea that humans were the only perceptive beings,” Goodall recalled. Her discoveries — such as chimpanzees using tools to catch termites (白蚁) — challenged long-held beliefs about 5 separated humans from other species. Although lacking formal qualifications, Goodall devoted more than twenty years to 6 (study) chimpanzees in Gombe. She believed that because she had entered research before she was influenced by 7 in the academic world, she was able to observe animals more naturally. And because she wasn’t limited by heavy academic training, she 8 go in as a free thinker and interpret what she saw through intuition and patience. Even today, Goodall’s legacy continues to inspire countless researchers who seek 9 (understand) how humans are connected to the animal world. While technology has changed the way research 10 (do), the spirit of curiosity and respect that defined Goodall’s work remains timeless. Passage 2 （25‑26 高二上・上海顾村中学・期中） Discovering China on Foot A little over two months ago, on Nov 15, Abdusamat Keram completed a 280-day hiking journey covering more than 5,000 kilometers on foot. This expedition from Kashgar, Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, 11 Beijing brought him into the public eye as he documented his adventure on Douyin, China’s TikTok, garnering over 440,000 followers and more than 8 million likes. Abdusamat 12 (launch) his account in July 2022 during his very first hiking trip, around the Taklimakan Desert-the largest desert in China and the second largest in the world, situated in Xinjiang. Before that, he knew little about video editing. “I would snap a few pictures and clips, 13 (post) them on my WeChat Moments every one or two weeks when I had signal reception in the desert, but that’s all,” said the 24-year-old. “It wasn’t until someone suggested that I could launch my own video-sharing account that I started teaching 14 video editing skills.” After graduating from high school in 2021, Abdusamat had been employed in a factory, doing various kinds of work. He used to believe that, being a child from a rural area and born into a farming family, he would not have the privilege 15 (explore) the outside world. However, through television and the internet, he observed numerous hikers and adventurers on the road. “That was when it hit me — I was wrong. 16 I have dreams and the determination to pursue them, I can definitely go out and explore,” Abdusamat said. In April 2022, he decided to quit his job and embark on the Taklimakan Desert trip with his brother, 17 is 10 years older than him. The journey spanned five months, during which they primarily subsisted on nang, or Uygur flatbread, cooked rice, and boiled river water — if they were fortunate enough to find a river. They only reached a residential area every 15 or 20 days to replenish their supplies. Before arriving at the next resupply point, they often ran out of food and drinking water. They slept in tents and woke up 18 (cover) in sand during sandstorm season, not to mention enduring the scorching heat of the desert. “Tormenting” was 19 Abdusamat described the trip in retrospect. Yet, it was during that expedition that he learned valuable skills from his brother, such as driving away wild animals like boars and wolves and finding suitable spots to set up camp. It was also during that challenging journey that Abdusamat conceived a 20 (large) hiking plan: to walk from Kashgar to Beijing, alone. “I shared the plan with my brother one night in the desert, and his response truly impressed and encouraged me, ‘If you have an idea, just go for it.’” Passage 3 （25‑26 高二上・上海浦东新区・期中练习） A Pioneering Pilot Charles Lindbergh was born in Michigan in December. He was raised on a farm in Minnesota 21 his father was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1907. From then on, he spent most of his boyhood in Washington D．C． As Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921, he was admitted to the University of Wisconsin to study engineering. 22 (seek) more challenges, he left university before graduation and became a pilot, performing exciting flight shows at country fairs. This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that 23 allowed him to gain all-round experience in flying. Lindbergh 24 (train) in air service for a year before graduating at the top of his class from the Brooks and Kelly airfields. He was offered a job in Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis in Missouri, 25 he worked until 1927, piloting the routes between St. Louis and Chicago. It was during this time 26 he decided to compete for the Raymond B．Orteig Prize-a $25,000 award for the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris. He knew this ambitious flight 27 (change) his life. On board 28 (great) adventure of his time, Lindbergh left Roosevelt Airport at 5:52 a.m. on May 20, 1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 p.m. the next day. 29 (fear) that he would be unrecognized upon arrival, Lindbergh carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris, but the moment his plane came to a stop, he 30 (surround) by a welcoming people. He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium. President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser to bring him back. His accomplishments in flying brought him more medals and awards than any other person had ever received. Passage 4 （25‑26 高二上・上海徐汇上海中学・期中） The Flame, Not the Vessel Were Socrates to enter a modern classroom, he would behold students diligently writing down notes and pursuing predetermined answers. After observing this, the philosopher would pose his defining question: “What truly constitutes learning?” To the thinker 31 methods would shape Western philosophy, education was never about information accumulation. He envisioned it as “the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.” In our era of standardized testing, this 2,400-year-old perspective remains not merely relevant, but urgently necessary 32 (defend). Modern education largely operates on 33 might be termed the “empty vessel” model. Knowledge flows one way-from teacher to student-with success measured by exam performance. Socrates valued information but challenged this process as misunderstanding education’s purpose. For him, genuine knowledge emerges from within. Through his questioning method, he acted as an intellectual midwife, 34 (guide) students to “give birth” to truths within their own minds. His classroom 35 (build) on questions, not lectures-persistent inquiries that exposed contradictions. This approach reshapes modern subjects: History becomes meaningful when we ask, “Was the Treaty of Versailles truly just?” Such questions turn history 36 a dialogue about justice. Literature becomes profound when we inquire, “What does Atticus Finch’s struggle reveal about courage?” It becomes a mirror for self-examination. Mathematics becomes fascinating when students ask, “Why does the Pythagorean theorem hold true?” This restores mathematics as discoverable patterns, not rules to memorize. Socrates’ declaration “I know that I know nothing” represents intellectual humility. This acknowledgement enables true learning. Students who see their limits stay curious, 37 those who think they have all answers shut their minds. This humility demands courage: to challenge narratives, admit confusion, and revise beliefs. It also requires embracing the discomfort of 38 (challenge) assumptions. Like exercise strengthening muscles, this discomfort signals intellectual growth. Socrates was executed for “corrupting the youth” by teaching independent thinking. His legacy challenges us to turn education from passive reception to active investigation. The ability to ask insightful questions represents education’s 39 (precious) offering. True education prepares students for life’s complexities, cultivating thoughtful human beings. The flame of critical inquiry, once kindled, becomes self-sustaining-illuminating not only academic subjects but life 40 . Passage 5 （25‑26 高二上・上海复旦附中・期中） The Unwavering Voice: Justice Ginsburg’s Legacy Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s journey to the Supreme Court was 41 but straightforward. In an era when Harvard Law School asked female students ‌“how they justified taking a spot from a qualified man,” she faced a labyrinth of institutionalized prejudice. Yet, it was precisely these challenges 42 shaped her into a meticulous and strategic jurist. Her early career was not dedicated to becoming a judge; rather, she was a legal architect, carefully selecting cases that would demonstrate the damaging effects of gender discrimination on both men and women. She argued six landmark cases before the Supreme Court, winning five. Her strategy was brilliant: instead of demanding a radical overhaul, she persuaded the all-male bench to see that stereotypes harmed everyone. She made the legal establishment understand that laws which treated women as fragile beings 43 (need) protection were, in fact, denying them equal citizenship. 44 (appoint) to the Supreme Court in 1993, she continued her methodical approach. She often found common ground with her ideological opposites, believing that the Court 45 (lose) its legitimacy if it descended into pure politics. However, as the Court’s composition shifted, she found 46 writing powerful dissents. It was in these dissents that her voice became a cultural phenomenon. She saw dissent not as a failure, but as a hopeful appeal to the future, a blueprint for a “smarter generation” to correct the Court’s mistakes.         Her legendary workout routines, beginning after her first battle with cancer, were a testament to her discipline. Her personal life, anchored by a deeply supportive marriage to Martin Ginsburg, was a subject of great interest. She frequently credited him as being the first man who cared more about her brain than her appearance. The news of her passing on the eve of Rosh Hashanah (犹太新年), sending a nation into mourning, 47 (feel) like a profound historical pivot. Her final wish, as it was reported, was that she not be replaced 48 after the next presidential election—a wish that ignited a fiery political battle. Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s legacy is not merely the sum of her legal victories. It is the countless women and men who live in a more equitable America all 49 the doors she kicked open. It is the idea that true change often requires planting trees under 50 shade you may never sit. Her life reminds us that courage is the quiet determination to keep speaking, even when your voice shakes, and to never, ever stop asking for justice. Passage 6 （2526 高二上・上海交大附中嘉定分校・期中） Market-crash survivors Charlie Duncan could very well be the oldest man in Georgia. “I’ll be one hundred and six in May,” he said 51 other day at Benton House, a senior-living facility in the town of Woodstock. With that much mileage, he’s survived a few things, one of them 52 (be) the stock-market crash of 1929. Duncan, who still has his hair and his wits, and tooled around behind the steering wheel of a PT Cruiser 53 a small car accident last year, was ten years old when the market crashed. At the time, his family had a farm in nearby Hickory Flat. “Cotton, corn, peanuts, sweet potatoes,” he recalled, 54 (lean) back in his recliner, beneath a framed certificate from the United Square Dancers of America. In October of 1929, Duncan recalled, his world changed: “I didn’t know what a stock was until somebody told me the whole thing crashed or smashed or 55 it was.” He thinks he heard the news from his father—“That’s how we heard most things,” he said. “All of a sudden you couldn’t sell your crops for nothing,” he added. Duncan 56 (hope) to grow up to be a country doctor. “There wasn’t enough of them around,” he said. “If you had a toothache, he pulled your tooth. A cut? He sewed it up.” The poor economy had stunted schools, too. “You couldn’t get schoolbooks,” he said. “Then our school burned down. You 57   walk several miles to another district.” When he was fifteen, his father pulled him out 58 (work) full time. The events of 1929 left Duncan with a sixth-grade education and a life of mostly physical labor. After serving in the Second World War, he worked at mills and as a craftsman who specialized in banisters for spiral staircases. He married twice: around forty years to each woman. He flipped a few houses and eventually made a little money, 59 he didn’t invest in the stock market. “I can not afford to lose it, because I can’t make no more,” he said. A friend arrived to take him to lunch at a biker bar, 60 wall holds a photo of Duncan with Rudolph Giuliani, who tracked him down for a pre-election photo op in 2024. (“He said hello, he smiled, then he left,” Duncan recalled, with a shrug.) 话题2 社会问题与社会现象（共4篇） Passage 1 （2526 高二上・上海华东师大附属东昌中学・期中） Here’s a secret: There’s no such thing as neurodiversity. And yet there is. Confused? Let me explain. I 1 (call) “oversensitive” for years my whole life. People say I’m a “perfectionist” who overthinks everything. But here’s the thing — everyone is different from everyone else. We all have unique genes, experiences, and ways of understanding the world. In the truest sense, we’re all neurodivergent (大脑功能异于常人的). So why are some people regarded as “different” while 2 get to be “normal”? I’m a columnist, and my job exists because of 3 my brain works. My overthinking makes me look deeply into daily experiences other people might ignore, which helps me find the truths 4 (bury) inside ordinary moments. My sensitivity allows me to see situations from many angles, while my perfectionism turns messy drafts into something people want to read, 5 has actually become my strengths though society calls them “problems”. My friend Bohan Zhang, a counseling psychologist, explains it clearly: “Everyone has their own lived experience.” The problem comes when we decide what counts as ‘normal’ thinking. This matters especially now when attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD，注意力缺陷多动障碍) is popular on social media. In his work, Bohan often sees that people get the wrong idea from social media about ADHD．He reminds us that ADHD doesn’t explain all problems with time or motivation, and having ADHD isn’t 6 excuse to avoid responsibility. Any condition — or talent, or difference — 7 (mean) you must take ownership of it. You are always bigger than any label. Throughout history, people have constantly changed the definition of “normal”. 8 (not fit) this narrow standard, those labeled as different were actually many gifted individuals like Michael Phelps, Van Gogh, and Temple Grandin, who, with transformative ideas and creations, achieved remarkable success in their fields 9 their differences. But here’s the important part — nobody thinks exactly like everyone else anyway. I spent years thinking I was too sensitive, but in a world where pretending sameness is good, being authentically different is perfect. You’re not broken; you’re human. So instead of trying to fit narrow ideas of “normal”, question what “normal” even means. Your way of thinking may be exactly what the world needs. Work with your brain, not against it, 10 your differences will become your gift. Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海静安市西中学・期中） Britain’s obesity problem is costing our economy almost £100 billion a year and will leave us a sick and poor nation, a report has found. Analysis from the Tony Blair Institute, published by The Times, estimates that the damaging effect 11 national productivity from excess weight is nine times greater than previously believed. The cost of obesity is expected to grow by another £10 billion over the next 15 years, according to the report. The total cost of £98 billion, which includes the £63 billion cost of shorter, 12 (healthy) lives, is equivalent to about 4 per cent of GDP. Henry Dimbleby, the Government’s former food tsar, has called on ministers 13 (launch) smoking-style restrictions on junk food and turn away from plans to put millions of overweight people on weight-loss drugs. According to Mr Dimbleby, 14 such interventions are in place, Britain will be left a sick and impoverished nation, the NHS will suck all the money out of the other public services while at the same time, economic growth and tax revenue will stagnate. To date, the government 15 (shelve) plans for a 9 pm junk food advertising watershed (禁播起始时间) and a ban on buy-one-get-one-free deals on unhealthy products until 2025. Victoria Atkins, the health secretary, suggests the authorities 16 (transfer) from being nanny-statist (管理过度) to giving people help and advice on how to be healthier. A Department of Health spokesman told The Times that it was “taking firm action to tackle obesity” 17 actually worked, citing food-labelling guidelines, funding for school sports and giving healthy food vouchers to 18 (disadvantage) families. Hermione Dace, of the Tony Blair Institute, told the newspaper that its analysis shows that the health of the nation and our economic growth and prosperity 19 (ground) on dealing with obesity. “We need a fresh approach 20 real options are available to people, rebalancing the food system in favour of healthy, cost-effective choices and discouraging profiting from ultra-processed and junk food.” Passage3 （2526 高二上・上海同济二附中・期中） Labubu dolls In recent months, everywhere I go, there’s been one accessory (配件) on everyone’s lips and bags. 21 I wanted to grab one myself, the truth is, they are harder to buy than you think. 22 popular products of the past, they sell out in seconds just to pop up on resale sites for five times the original price tag. Now let’s get into the history of these popular Labubu dolls. They 23 (originate) in Hong Kong in 2015, a time when designer toys were beginning to capture global attention. 24 (regard) as elves (小精灵) set them apart from their popular earlier characters. They came to success in a Nordic-inspired picture book 25 artist Kasing Lung created. After the initial release of the book, the popular toy company Pop Mart created the first collectible collection for sale in 2019. By that time, the picture book 26 (publish) widely. The Labubu creatures belong to a tribe that is known as “The Monsters,” and other members of the group include Zimomo, Mokoko, and more. From collection to collection, each 27 be seen wearing various outfits, different facial features, and fun accessories, which makes each release seem unique. But don’t let the naughty smile make you think Labubus are evil. Lung says they are well-natured little creatures who have nothing but good intentions and 28 they sometimes inevitably end up in a difficulty. Now, what makes Labubus so popular, besides the obvious cute charm, is that they are collectibles and hard to get, so it adds to the excitement of the hunt. They also come in blind boxes so the hunt becomes harder if you have a particular color or Monster in mind. Because of mystery of the blind boxes, the reveal can be a surprise which is why many fans record their first impression of their creature 29 (capture) the moment. This excitement goes beyond age groups and communities, with everyone from pop stars to middle school students 30 (wear) the bag charms. It creates a sense of joy and status that you can say, “Yes, I succeeded and found a Labubu.” Passage 4 （2526 高二上・上海吴淞中学・期中） The secret to a longer life? Being conscientious（认真的） Executives who build successful companies, Olympic athletes, and even some US presidents are all likely to live longer than the average person — because they are more conscientious. The life-extending benefits of a conscientious life 31 (bring) to light by a comparison of 20 previous studies. The studies, rated 8,900 people for conscientiousness using a standard psychological survey, and also recorded 32 they died. Howard Friedman and Margaret Kern at the University of California at Riverside found that people who were less conscientious were 50 percent more likely to die at any given age, on average, than 33 of the same age who scored highly. This has a greater impact than socioeconomic status and intelligence, which are also known 34 (increase) longevity. The analysis by Friedman and Kern highlighted a significant correlation between conscientiousness and life span, 35 (suggest) that personality traits play a critical role in determining longevity. Friedman and Kern then divided the most conscientious study subjects into subgroups and found that high achievers were most likely to live the longest, says Kern. “These are individuals who are hard-working, resourceful, confident, and ambitious; the longest second line were orderly people, 36 structured and disciplined lifestyles contributed to their longevity. Finally, traits of responsibility and reliability were also significant. “These are people often 37 (see) as respectable members of the community. They contribute time and energy to society, cooperate with colleagues and neighbors, and are trustworthy people,” says Kern. Friedman suggests that conscientious people do not live longer simply 38 they are boring or cautious, but admits they tend to “live lives that are more stable and less stressful”. This stability might come 39 their ability to plan, organize, and maintain healthy routines, which are essential for long-term well-being. “One of the studies we included 40 (look) at American presidents,” says Kern. The first US president, George Washington, lived to be 67, double the life expectancy there at the time. “Washington was very conscientious, yet he certainly didn’t live a boring life.” 话题3方法与哲理（共3篇） Passage 1 .（2526 高二上・上海崇明中学・期中） For most of my life, I struggled with self-acceptance. I constantly compared myself to others and 1 (feel) as if I wasn’t good enough. I thought that if I could just achieve more, look better, or be perfect, I would finally be happy. But the truth is that no amount of external success 2 fill the empty inside if you don’t love yourself. Self-love isn’t about being perfect or never making mistakes. It’s about accepting who you are, flaws and all. It’s about treating yourself with kindness and compassion, even when things don’t go as 3 (plan). One of the most important steps in learning to love yourself is 4 (stop) comparing yourself to others. Everyone is on their own unique journey, and 5 works for someone else might not work for you. Instead of focusing on what you lack, 6 (try) to appreciate what makes you special. Another key to self-acceptance is letting go of the need for approval from others. By basing your self-worth on what others think, you give away your power, with true happiness 7 (come) from within, not from the opinions of others. Finally, remember that self-love is a journey, not a destination. There will be days 8 you feel confident and strong, and other days you doubt yourself. That’s okay. What matters is that you keep moving forward and treat 9 with the same love and respect you would offer a close friend. Learning to love yourself is one of the most important things you can do. It changes the way you see the world and the way you interact with others. 10 you truly accept yourself, you open the door to a happier, more fulfilling life. Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海行知实验中学・期中） Life is a continuous journey of learning. From the moment we are born, we begin the process of discovering the world 11 us. As we grow, our thirst for knowledge and understanding only increases, 12 (lead) us to pursue different forms of education and experiences 13 help us expand our horizons and grow as individuals. In the early years of our lives, we engage in the process of learning through play and exploration. Through toys and games, we learn about cause and effect, social interactions, and how to get problems 14 (solve). As we progress into our formative years, we begin to hone in on more academic skills like reading, writing, and math. These foundational building blocks set us up for success in school and beyond. As we transition into adulthood, our focus shifts towards career-related fields and lifelong learning becomes increasingly important. In this stage of our lives, we begin to specialize in areas that align with our interests and talents, 15 it is technology, healthcare, education, or another profession. We also begin to embrace the idea 16 learning is a never-ending process and a lifelong journey. Lifelong learning not only benefits our professional development but also our personal growth. It helps us 17 (maintain) a youthful mindset, stay connected to the world, and continues to push us to grow as individuals. We can embrace this concept by seeking out new hobbies or 18 (continue) education courses that introduce us to new concepts and ideas Learning is a critical component of human growth and development. It allows us to broaden our horizons, gain new skills, and pursue our passions. Lifelong learning is not just a phase 19 a mindset that we should embrace throughout our lives. As we continue to journey through life, let us never stop exploring and learning 20 new. Passage 3 （2526 高二上・上海彭浦中学・期中） You might have heard about integrity all your life, but have you ever wondered what it truly means? From your employers to politicians and even newscasters, it is being used by everyone. Although the word is overused many times, what really matters is being integral in life and maximizing that feature, 21 it affects everything in life. Once we master integrity, our lives actually start flourishing. We make many important decisions in life, but sometimes our lives 22 (impact) by the more minor decisions that almost seem insignificant. Trust me, these small actions and decisions can greatly impact our self-respect, integrity, and overall reputation! In a world 23 (dominate) by people who make headlines for all the wrong reasons, finding people who actually do the right thing and contribute to society can be extremely rare. What is the meaning of integrity, now that you have heart it so many times? Integrity means living your life according to your own morals and ethics. To have integrity, you 24 have a clear sense of what is right and wrong. Besides, you must also know 25 the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do with your life. You must stop 26 (panic) about what I just told you, and I’m not telling you to find the meaning of your life right away. Just develop it as an afterthought. In order to start having integrity, you must first define the morals that mean 27 (much) to you. Then you need to decide what you want to achieve in life, and why? When you start defining your morals and ethics, it won’t be long before you will start actually following them in life. 28 you start doing that, that is integrity! There are some important things that you should know about integrity. This isn’t something 29 is born in you. It is a personality trait that you develop with time. It is certain experiences in our life that shape our morals and ethics, and integrity is definitely like that. Integrity isn’t what you develop and keep forever. It is used in decision-making or when you are to start 30 new in your life! 话题4科学技术（共2篇） Passage 1 （25‑26 高二上・上海松江一中・期中） 3D Food Printing There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development 1 (make) possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there. With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to ‌“re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same”, 2 (free) cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table. The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need 3 (raise) by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” 4 lasts years on end, reducing transportation and storage requirements. Future 3D food printers could make processed food 5 (healthy). Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing 6 allows consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat 7 is baked just for you on demand.” 8 recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them. The printing process is quite time-consuming, 9 ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now 10 (restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are suspicious of 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants. Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海大同中学・期中） The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. 11 private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. 12 (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places 13 regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and 14 they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, 15 of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology 16 (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis 17 (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle 18 (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, 19 fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing 20 be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. 话题5 人与环境（共2篇） Passage 1 （2526 高二上・上海风华中学・期中） The Rise of Urban Gardening In recent years, a remarkable shift in lifestyle has been observed, as a growing number of city residents have begun growing their own food, 1 has led to the rising popularity of urban gardening. This movement creatively overcomes the challenges of dense urban living. Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore 2 gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills. Fundamentally, urban gardening offers a solution to 3 is widely thought of as a disconnect between modern consumers and their food source. In an age of industrialized agriculture.many city kids have little idea about how to grow food, and urban gardening can therefore serve as a vital, hands-on educational tool, bringing lessons of biology and sustainability to life. Moreover, the nutritional benefits are significant; vegetables harvested from your own garden are undeniably fresher, free from prolonged transport and storage, and often more nutritious than 4 mass-produced and bought from supermarket shelves. To foster the community spirits, some community gardens 5 (set) up in the past decade, providing invaluable shared spaces for people who lack their own patches of soil. In these collaborative gardens, urban gardeners of all backgrounds share their knowledge and harvest, 6 (strengthen) neighborhood community bonds. 7 it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population, it does undoubtedly make our cities greener, more resilient, and our daily lives healthier. With more people 8 (involve) in this rewarding trend, driven by a desire for sustainability and self-sufficiency, it’s highly likely 9 urban gardening will continue to flourish and evolve in the coming years. The future of a portion of our food, therefore, might be   10 (close) to home than we ever thought possible, taking root in the very heart of our urban landscapes. Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海同济第一附中・期中） Pumee Boontom lives in northern Thailand, but he tunes his television to the Chinese weather forecast. A big storm in southern China 11 (mean) a big release of water from the Chinese dams upstream(上游) — and, in turn, a good chance that his village will be flooded. The Chinese government is supposed 12 (warn) downstream countries, 13 in Boontom’s experience, that warning tends to arrive too late or not at all. Boontom is the leader of Ban Pak Ing, a village on the west bank of the Mekong (湄公河). Twenty years ago, like many of his neighbors, Boontom caught fish for a living. But as China completed one, then two, and then seven dams upstream, the few hundred residents of Ban Pak Ing saw the Mekong change. The sudden rise and fall in water levels interfere with fish migration and spawning (洄游和产卵). 14 the village has protected local spawning grounds, there are no longer enough fish to go around. In recent years Boontom and many others here 15 (sell) their fishing boats and switched to farming corn, tobacco, and beans. It’s a risky living, and not the one they know best — and this life is 16 (challenge) because of the frequent flooding. Ban Pak Ing may be a vision of the future for many Mekong villages. Five more dams are 17 construction in China. Downstream, in Laos and Cambodia (老挝和柬埔寨), 11 major dams are either proposed or already being built. By disturbing fish migration and spawning, the new dams 18 (expect) to threaten the food supply of an estimated 60 million people, most of 19 live in villages much like Ban Pak Ing. The electric power 20 (generate) by the lower Mekong dams is mainly for booming urban centers in Thailand and Vietnam. 本文介绍了网络爆火的 AI 生成短视频《雪山救狐狸》。网友脑洞大开改编出各式各样的版本，还有官方账号玩梗，将这个梗运用于防诈骗、安全提示等公益宣传。 【新素材·AI 生成短视频《雪山救狐狸》】A short AI-generated video, Snowy Fox Rescue, recently 1.____________(become) a huge hit on Chinese social media. Created by a netizen just days ago, the video 2.____________(feature) funny lines like: "Have you ever rescued a fox in the snowy mountains?" and "I am not a fox - I am that sauce duck!" Its style reminded many people of classic Shaw Brothers martial arts films(武侠片). 3.____________(surprise), this short clip started a wave of creativity and 4.____________ (view) over 5 billion times Soon, netizens began making their own versions. They changed the story 5.____________ wild ways - replacing the fox with things like snowy mountains, fermented bean juice, or even bacteria. Some made Cantonese-dubbed(粵语配音) videos that paid tribute to(致敬) Hong Kong cinema, while 6.____________created mini war scenes with rocket launchers and nuclear bombs. One popular version told the story from the sauce duck's point of view, 7.____________(show) how it turned from a simple ingredient into a brave avenger(复仇者). The trend soon grew beyond individual creators. Many 8.____________(office) accounts joined in, using the meme for public service messages about fraud prevention(防诈骗) and safety tips. As the short videos spread, theme songs, serialized stories, and even videos from sauce duck producers appeared. They connected different clips into a 9.____________(large) story. Popular topics trended widely, along with playful warnings like "10.____________ (what) you do, don't rescue a fox in the snowy mountains. 本文是一篇人物记叙文，讲述国际象棋天才少女 Bodhana Sivanandan 的故事。 【新素材·国际象棋天才少女】At the age of 11, Bodhana Sivanandan made chess history. It was at the 46th FIDE Chess Olympiad in Samarkand 1____ she earned her final norm for the Woman Grandmaster title. Representing England, she scored eight points from 11 games while 2____ (play) on the top board. Bodhana first discovered chess 3____ the COVID-19 lockdowns. When she was five, a family friend left a gift bag at her home, inside 4____ was a chessboard. 5____ (fascinate) by the unusually-shaped pieces, she set out 6____ (learn) the game mainly through online videos. No one in her family was a serious chess player, yet her 7____ (determine) and talent soon stood out. At 10 years, five months and three days old, she beat grandmaster Peter Wells and set 8____ a new record. Later, she met several world-class 9____ (play) and won against some of them, including one with a rating above 2600. She is still a full-time student and says chess teaches her how to think 10____ (logical). When interviewed, the young prodigy said she would not stop chasing bigger goals: "I want to keep making history." 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题01 语法填空5大常考话题 话题1 人物（常考点） 话题2 社会问题与社会现象（常考点） 话题3 方法与哲理 话题4 科学技术（难点） 话题5 人与环境 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 人物（共6篇） Passage 1 （25‑26 高二上・上海嘉定一中、晋元高级中学・期中） On 14 July 1960, 26-year-old Jane Goodall arrived at Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, where she began pioneering study of chimpanzee behaviour. Without any formal scientific degree, she observed her subjects with an open mind and recorded what she saw, 1 than what she had been taught to expect. Her approach, 2 unconventional, soon transformed the way scientists viewed animal intelligence. In 1964, Goodall’s late husband, Dutch photographer Hugo van Lawick, captured an iconic photo of her reaching out to a young chimp named Flint, 3 curious eyes reflected the same gentleness she showed. 4 (publish) in National Geographic the following year, the image became a symbol of empathy between humans and animals. Goodall later said that when she first saw this image she was reminded of Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam. This image and the documentaries that followed “forced science to abandon the idea that humans were the only perceptive beings,” Goodall recalled. Her discoveries — such as chimpanzees using tools to catch termites (白蚁) — challenged long-held beliefs about 5 separated humans from other species. Although lacking formal qualifications, Goodall devoted more than twenty years to 6 (study) chimpanzees in Gombe. She believed that because she had entered research before she was influenced by 7 in the academic world, she was able to observe animals more naturally. And because she wasn’t limited by heavy academic training, she 8 go in as a free thinker and interpret what she saw through intuition and patience. Even today, Goodall’s legacy continues to inspire countless researchers who seek 9 (understand) how humans are connected to the animal world. While technology has changed the way research 10 (do), the spirit of curiosity and respect that defined Goodall’s work remains timeless. 【答案】 1．rather 2．though/although 3．whose 4．Published 5．what 6．studying 7．those 8．could 9．to understand 10．is done 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了简·古道尔凭借好奇心和耐心，在没有正式科学学位的情况下，开创性地研究黑猩猩行为，挑战传统认知，重新定义人类与动物关系的事迹及其影响。 【详解】1．考查固定搭配。句意：没有任何正式的科学学位，她以开放的心态观察自己的研究对象，并记录下她所看到的，而不是她被教导去期待的。rather than，意为“而不是”，连接前后两个并列的宾语从句。故填rather。 2．考查连词。句意：她的方法虽然非传统，但很快改变了科学家们看待动物智力的方式。空处前后为转折关系，结合句子结构，此处需用连词though或although引导让步状语从句，完整形式为though her approach was unconventional，此处省略了主语和系动词。故填though或although。 3．考查定语从句。句意：1964年，古道尔已故的丈夫、荷兰摄影师雨果·范·拉维克拍摄了一张标志性的照片，照片中她伸手去触碰一只名叫弗林特的小黑猩猩，它好奇的眼睛里反映出与她同样的温柔。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a young chimp named Flint，空处修饰名词curious eyes，作定语，意为“它的”，应用关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这张照片于次年发表在《国家地理》杂志上，成为人类与动物之间共情的象征。 此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the image与publish之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，且位于句首首字母大写。故填Published。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：她的发现——比如黑猩猩使用工具捕捉白蚁——挑战了长期以来关于人类与其他物种区别所在的观点。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“区分人类和其他物种的事物”，应用what引导该宾语从句。故填what。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管缺乏正式的资历，古道尔还是在冈贝致力于研究黑猩猩超过二十年。 固定搭配devote...to doing sth.，意为“致力于做某事”，to为介词，后接动名词形式。故填studying。 7．考查代词。句意：她认为，因为她在受到学术界的影响之前就开始了研究，所以她能够更自然地观察动物。空处指代“学术界的人”，结合语境，为避免重复用代词those，指代前文提到的复数名词people in the academic world。故填those。 8．考查情态动词。句意：而且因为她不受繁重的学术训练的限制，她能够以自由思想家的身份进入，并通过直觉和耐心解读她所看到的。此处表示“能够，可以”，体现古道尔不受学术训练限制而拥有的能力，且文章整体为一般过去时，情态动词could符合时态和语境。故填could。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：即使在今天，古道尔的遗产仍然激励着无数寻求了解人类与动物世界如何联系的研究人员。固定搭配seek to do sth.，意为“寻求做某事；试图做某事”，seek后接不定式作宾语，本空用不定式to understand。故填to understand。 10．考查动词的语态和时态。句意：虽然技术改变了研究的进行方式，但定义古道尔工作的好奇心和尊重精神是永恒的。 此处为定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为research，与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；文章整体为一般现在时，本句用一般现在时的被动语态，主语research为不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is done。 Passage 2 （25‑26 高二上・上海顾村中学・期中） Discovering China on Foot A little over two months ago, on Nov 15, Abdusamat Keram completed a 280-day hiking journey covering more than 5,000 kilometers on foot. This expedition from Kashgar, Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, 11 Beijing brought him into the public eye as he documented his adventure on Douyin, China’s TikTok, garnering over 440,000 followers and more than 8 million likes. Abdusamat 12 (launch) his account in July 2022 during his very first hiking trip, around the Taklimakan Desert-the largest desert in China and the second largest in the world, situated in Xinjiang. Before that, he knew little about video editing. “I would snap a few pictures and clips, 13 (post) them on my WeChat Moments every one or two weeks when I had signal reception in the desert, but that’s all,” said the 24-year-old. “It wasn’t until someone suggested that I could launch my own video-sharing account that I started teaching 14 video editing skills.” After graduating from high school in 2021, Abdusamat had been employed in a factory, doing various kinds of work. He used to believe that, being a child from a rural area and born into a farming family, he would not have the privilege 15 (explore) the outside world. However, through television and the internet, he observed numerous hikers and adventurers on the road. “That was when it hit me — I was wrong. 16 I have dreams and the determination to pursue them, I can definitely go out and explore,” Abdusamat said. In April 2022, he decided to quit his job and embark on the Taklimakan Desert trip with his brother, 17 is 10 years older than him. The journey spanned five months, during which they primarily subsisted on nang, or Uygur flatbread, cooked rice, and boiled river water — if they were fortunate enough to find a river. They only reached a residential area every 15 or 20 days to replenish their supplies. Before arriving at the next resupply point, they often ran out of food and drinking water. They slept in tents and woke up 18 (cover) in sand during sandstorm season, not to mention enduring the scorching heat of the desert. “Tormenting” was 19 Abdusamat described the trip in retrospect. Yet, it was during that expedition that he learned valuable skills from his brother, such as driving away wild animals like boars and wolves and finding suitable spots to set up camp. It was also during that challenging journey that Abdusamat conceived a 20 (large) hiking plan: to walk from Kashgar to Beijing, alone. “I shared the plan with my brother one night in the desert, and his response truly impressed and encouraged me, ‘If you have an idea, just go for it.’” 【答案】 11．to 12．launched 13．posting 14．myself 15．to explore 16．As long as 17．who 18．covered 19．how 20．larger 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿卜杜赛麦提徒步中国的经历与追梦故事。 【详解】11．考查介词。句意：这次从中国西北新疆维吾尔自治区的喀什到北京的探险之旅，使他在抖音（中国版TikTok）上记录自己的冒险经历时进入了公众的视野，获得了超过44万粉丝和800多万点赞。根据空前的“from Kashgar”可知，此处为 固定搭配“from...to...”，表示“从……到……”，空处应用介词to。故填to。 12．考查时态。句意：2022年7月，阿卜杜赛麦提在他第一次徒步旅行时开设了自己的账号，地点是中国最大、世界第二大的塔克拉玛干沙漠，位于新疆。根据时间状语in July 2022可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填launched。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：这位24岁的年轻人说：“我会拍一些照片和片段，每隔一两周在沙漠里有信号的时候，就把它们发布到我的微信朋友圈上，但仅此而已。”主句谓语为would snap，空处作非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和post之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填posting。 14．考查代词。句意：直到有人建议我可以开设自己的视频分享账号，我才开始自学视频编辑技能。根据句意可知，此处表示“自学”，应用teach oneself，主语为I，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：他曾经认为，作为一个农村地区的孩子，出生在一个农民家庭，他没有特权去探索外面的世界。句中使用固定搭配have the privilege to do sth.表示“有做某事的特权”，空处应用动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to explore。 16．考查连词。句意：“就在那时我意识到——我错了。只要我有梦想，并有决心去追求，我一定能出去探索，” 阿卜杜赛麦提说。根据空后“我有梦想和追求的决心”与“能出去探索”之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表条件，应用as long as引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，句首单词首字母大写。故填As long as。 17．考查定语从句。句意：2022年4月，他决定辞去工作，和比他大10岁的哥哥一起踏上塔克拉玛干沙漠之旅。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his brother，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们睡在帐篷里，在沙尘暴季节醒来时浑身是沙子，更不用说忍受沙漠的酷热了。空处作状语，逻辑主语they和cover之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填covered。 19．考查表语从句。句意：“折磨人”是阿卜杜赛麦提事后对这次旅行的描述。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用连接副词how引导。故填how。 20．考查形容词比较级。句意：也正是在那次充满挑战的旅途中，阿卜杜赛麦提构思了一个更大的徒步计划：独自一人从喀什走到北京。此处是与之前的塔克拉玛干沙漠徒步计划作对比，表示“更大的徒步计划”，应用形容词large的比较级形式larger，作定语修饰名词hiking plan。故填larger。 Passage 3 （25‑26 高二上・上海浦东新区・期中练习） A Pioneering Pilot Charles Lindbergh was born in Michigan in December. He was raised on a farm in Minnesota 21 his father was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1907. From then on, he spent most of his boyhood in Washington D．C． As Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921, he was admitted to the University of Wisconsin to study engineering. 22 (seek) more challenges, he left university before graduation and became a pilot, performing exciting flight shows at country fairs. This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that 23 allowed him to gain all-round experience in flying. Lindbergh 24 (train) in air service for a year before graduating at the top of his class from the Brooks and Kelly airfields. He was offered a job in Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis in Missouri, 25 he worked until 1927, piloting the routes between St. Louis and Chicago. It was during this time 26 he decided to compete for the Raymond B．Orteig Prize-a $25,000 award for the first pilot to fly nonstop from New York to Paris. He knew this ambitious flight 27 (change) his life. On board 28 (great) adventure of his time, Lindbergh left Roosevelt Airport at 5:52 a.m. on May 20, 1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 p.m. the next day. 29 (fear) that he would be unrecognized upon arrival, Lindbergh carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris, but the moment his plane came to a stop, he 30 (surround) by a welcoming people. He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium. President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser to bring him back. His accomplishments in flying brought him more medals and awards than any other person had ever received. 【答案】 21．until 22．To seek 23．it 24．had been trained 25．where 26．that 27．would change 28．the greatest 29．Fearing 30．was surrounded/was being surrounded 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了飞行员查尔斯·林德伯格的成长经历和他驾驶飞机从纽约直飞巴黎的伟大冒险，他的飞行成就为他带来了众多荣誉。 【详解】21．考查状语从句和连词。句意：他在明尼苏达州的农场长大，直到1907年父亲当选美国国会议员后才离开。根据“He was raised on a farm in Minnesota”和“From then on, he spent most of his boyhood in Washington D.C.”可知，他之前一直待在明尼苏达州，直到父亲当选美国国会议员才离开，前往华盛顿特区；应用从属连词until引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……为止”。故填until。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了寻求更多挑战，他在毕业前离开了大学，成为了一名飞行员。“(seek) more challenges”是“he left university before graduation and became a pilot”的目的，用不定式作目的状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填To seek。 23．考查代词。句意：这项不同寻常且危险的事业在某种意义上获得了巨大的回报，因为它让他获得了全面的飞行经验。设空处是从句主语，指代前面的“This unusual and dangerous undertaking”，用指示代词it作主语。故填it。 24．考查时态语态。句意：林德伯格在布鲁克斯和凯利机场接受了一年的航空服务培训，以全班第一的成绩毕业。train(培训)是谓语动词，与主语Lindberg之间是被动关系，且动作发生在“graduating at the top of his class”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been trained。 25．考查定语从句。句意：他在密苏里州圣路易斯的罗伯逊飞机公司找到了一份工作，在那里他一直工作到1927年，驾驶着圣路易斯和芝加哥之间的航线。“ 5 he worked until 1927”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 26．考查强调句。句意：正是在这段时间里，他决定参加雷蒙德·B·奥泰格奖的角逐。这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是“It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”，强调原句时间状语during this time，句子其他部分用that引出。故填that。 27．考查时态。句意：他知道这次雄心勃勃的飞行将改变他的生活。change(改变)是宾语从句谓语动词，主句为一般过去时态，从句描述从过去的角度看将来会发生的动作，应用过去将来时态would change。故填would change。 28．考查形容词最高级。句意：在他那个时代最伟大的冒险中，林德伯格于1927年5月20日上午5点52分离开罗斯福机场，第二天下午5点24分降落在布尔歇机场。提示词作定语，根据句意和比较范围“of his time”可知，句中应使用形容词最高级形式，表示“最伟大的”，用the greatest修饰名词adventure。故填the greatest。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于担心到达时会不被认出，林德伯格随身携带了给巴黎官员的介绍信，但他的飞机一停下来，他就被欢迎的人们包围了。“(fear) that he would be unrecognized upon arrival”作原因状语，fear(担心)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语Lindberg之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填Fearing。 30．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：由于担心到达时会不被认出，林德伯格随身携带了给巴黎官员的介绍信，但他的飞机一停下来，他就被欢迎的人们包围了。surround(包围)是分句谓语动词，与主语he之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式was surrounded；结合时间状语“the moment his plane came to a stop”，也可以理解为强调下飞机那一刻立即发生的事情，用过去进行时的被动语态，即was being surrounded。故填was surrounded/was being surrounded Passage 4 （25‑26 高二上・上海徐汇上海中学・期中） The Flame, Not the Vessel Were Socrates to enter a modern classroom, he would behold students diligently writing down notes and pursuing predetermined answers. After observing this, the philosopher would pose his defining question: “What truly constitutes learning?” To the thinker 31 methods would shape Western philosophy, education was never about information accumulation. He envisioned it as “the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.” In our era of standardized testing, this 2,400-year-old perspective remains not merely relevant, but urgently necessary 32 (defend). Modern education largely operates on 33 might be termed the “empty vessel” model. Knowledge flows one way-from teacher to student-with success measured by exam performance. Socrates valued information but challenged this process as misunderstanding education’s purpose. For him, genuine knowledge emerges from within. Through his questioning method, he acted as an intellectual midwife, 34 (guide) students to “give birth” to truths within their own minds. His classroom 35 (build) on questions, not lectures-persistent inquiries that exposed contradictions. This approach reshapes modern subjects: History becomes meaningful when we ask, “Was the Treaty of Versailles truly just?” Such questions turn history 36 a dialogue about justice. Literature becomes profound when we inquire, “What does Atticus Finch’s struggle reveal about courage?” It becomes a mirror for self-examination. Mathematics becomes fascinating when students ask, “Why does the Pythagorean theorem hold true?” This restores mathematics as discoverable patterns, not rules to memorize. Socrates’ declaration “I know that I know nothing” represents intellectual humility. This acknowledgement enables true learning. Students who see their limits stay curious, 37 those who think they have all answers shut their minds. This humility demands courage: to challenge narratives, admit confusion, and revise beliefs. It also requires embracing the discomfort of 38 (challenge) assumptions. Like exercise strengthening muscles, this discomfort signals intellectual growth. Socrates was executed for “corrupting the youth” by teaching independent thinking. His legacy challenges us to turn education from passive reception to active investigation. The ability to ask insightful questions represents education’s 39 (precious) offering. True education prepares students for life’s complexities, cultivating thoughtful human beings. The flame of critical inquiry, once kindled, becomes self-sustaining-illuminating not only academic subjects but life 40 . 【答案】 31．whose 32．to be defended 33．what 34．guiding 35．was built 36．into 37．while 38．challenging 39．most precious 40．itself 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述苏格拉底的教育理念，批判现代“空容器”教育模式，强调批判性探究在教育中的核心价值。 【详解】31．考查定语从句。句意：对于这位其方法将塑造西方哲学的思想家来说，教育从来都不是信息的积累。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the thinker，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰methods，表示“……的”，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们这个标准化测试的时代，这种有着2400年历史的观点不仅依然重要，而且迫切需要被捍卫。此处为“be+形容词+to do”结构，且this 2,400-year-old perspective与defend之间是被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式to be defended。故填to be defended。 33．考查宾语从句。句意：现代教育在很大程度上遵循着一种可被称为“空容器”的模式。此处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中缺少主语，指代“一种模式”，故用连接代词what。故填what。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过他的提问法，他扮演了知识助产士的角色，引导学生在自己的头脑中“孕育”真理。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，he与guide之间是主动关系，故用现在分词guiding。故填guiding。 35．考查动词时态和语态。句意：他的课堂建立在问题之上，而非讲座——那些持续的探究能揭示矛盾。此处为谓语动词，主语His classroom与build之间是被动关系，且描述苏格拉底的教育方式，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填was built。 36．考查介词。句意：这样的问题使历史变成一场关于正义的对话。turn...into...为固定搭配，意为“将……变成……”，此处表示把历史转化为对话，故填into。 37．考查连词。句意：认识到自身局限的学生保持好奇，而那些认为自己知晓所有答案的学生则封闭思想。此处前后句为对比关系，故用连词while“然而”连接。故填while。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：这也需要接受挑战假设所带来的不适感。此处作介词of的宾语，用动名词形式。故填challenging。 39．考查形容词最高级。句意：提出深刻问题的能力是教育最宝贵的馈赠。根据定冠词the及语境，此处表示“最宝贵的”，故用形容词precious的最高级形式most precious。故填most precious。 40．考查反身代词。句意：批判性探究的火焰一旦点燃，便会自我维系——不仅照亮学术科目，也照亮生活本身。此处指代“life”自身，故用反身代词itself。故填itself。 Passage 5 （25‑26 高二上・上海复旦附中・期中） The Unwavering Voice: Justice Ginsburg’s Legacy Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s journey to the Supreme Court was 41 but straightforward. In an era when Harvard Law School asked female students ‌“how they justified taking a spot from a qualified man,” she faced a labyrinth of institutionalized prejudice. Yet, it was precisely these challenges 42 shaped her into a meticulous and strategic jurist. Her early career was not dedicated to becoming a judge; rather, she was a legal architect, carefully selecting cases that would demonstrate the damaging effects of gender discrimination on both men and women. She argued six landmark cases before the Supreme Court, winning five. Her strategy was brilliant: instead of demanding a radical overhaul, she persuaded the all-male bench to see that stereotypes harmed everyone. She made the legal establishment understand that laws which treated women as fragile beings 43 (need) protection were, in fact, denying them equal citizenship. 44 (appoint) to the Supreme Court in 1993, she continued her methodical approach. She often found common ground with her ideological opposites, believing that the Court 45 (lose) its legitimacy if it descended into pure politics. However, as the Court’s composition shifted, she found 46 writing powerful dissents. It was in these dissents that her voice became a cultural phenomenon. She saw dissent not as a failure, but as a hopeful appeal to the future, a blueprint for a “smarter generation” to correct the Court’s mistakes.         Her legendary workout routines, beginning after her first battle with cancer, were a testament to her discipline. Her personal life, anchored by a deeply supportive marriage to Martin Ginsburg, was a subject of great interest. She frequently credited him as being the first man who cared more about her brain than her appearance. The news of her passing on the eve of Rosh Hashanah (犹太新年), sending a nation into mourning, 47 (feel) like a profound historical pivot. Her final wish, as it was reported, was that she not be replaced 48 after the next presidential election—a wish that ignited a fiery political battle. Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s legacy is not merely the sum of her legal victories. It is the countless women and men who live in a more equitable America all 49 the doors she kicked open. It is the idea that true change often requires planting trees under 50 shade you may never sit. Her life reminds us that courage is the quiet determination to keep speaking, even when your voice shakes, and to never, ever stop asking for justice. 【答案】 41．anything 42．that 43．needing 44．Appointed 45．would lose 46．herself 47．felt 48．until 49．through 50．whose 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了大法官鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格的生平事迹、她对性别歧视的抗争、她在最高法院的工作以及她的遗产对后世的影响。 【详解】41．考查固定短语。句意：鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格进入最高法院的道路绝非一帆风顺。根据后文“In an era when Harvard Law School asked female students ‌“how they justified taking a spot from a qualified man,” she faced a labyrinth of institutionalized prejudice.(在那个哈佛法学院问女学生“她们如何证明自己从一个有资格的男性手中夺走一个位置是合理的”的时代，她面临着错综复杂的制度性偏见)”可知，金斯伯格面临着错综复杂的制度性偏见，进入最高法院的道路是艰难的，绝非一帆风顺，anything but是固定短语，意为“根本不，一点也不”，符合语境。故填anything。 42．考查强调句。句意：然而，正是这些挑战塑造了她成为一个细致而有策略的法学家。此处为强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分为人)+其他部分”，被强调部分为原句主语“precisely these challenges”，句子其它部分用that引出。故填that。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：她让法律界明白，那些将女性视为脆弱、需要保护的群体的法律，实际上是在剥夺她们平等的公民身份。“(need) protection”作后置定语修饰名词laws，need(需要)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语beings之间是主动关系，用现在分词，表主动。故填needing。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：1993年被任命为最高法院大法官后，她继续有条不紊地开展工作。“(appoint) to the Supreme Court in 1993”作状语，appoint(任命)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，用过去分词，表被动，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Appointed。 45．考查动词时态。句意：她经常与意识形态上的对手找到共同点，认为如果法院陷入纯粹的政治斗争，就会失去合法性。lose(失去)是宾语从句谓语动词，主语使用了一般过去时态，从句中描述将会发生的事情，用过去将来时would lose。故填would lose。 46．考查反身代词。句意：然而，随着法院组成的改变，她发现自己写下了强有力的反对意见。find oneself doing sth.表示“发现自己正在做某事”，用反身代词herself作宾语。故填herself。 47．考查动词时态。句意：她在犹太新年前夕去世的消息让整个国家陷入哀悼，感觉像是一个深刻的历史转折点。feel like(感觉像是)作谓语，讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填felt。 48．考查固定句型。句意：据报道，她的最后一个愿望是，在下一次总统大选之后才被取代——这一愿望引发了一场激烈的政治斗争。根据语境可知，她希望在下次总统选举后才被取代，“not...until...”是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。 49．考查介词。句意：正是通过她奋力推开的大门，无数美国男女得以生活在一个更加公平的国度。根据句意可知，表示“通过她奋力推开的大门”，用介词through构成介词短语，作方式状语。故填through。 50．考查定语从句。句意：真正的变革往往需要栽种那些你或许永远无法在其树荫下休憩的树木。“under 10 shade you may never sit.”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词trees，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，表示“它们的树荫下”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 Passage 6 （2526 高二上・上海交大附中嘉定分校・期中） Market-crash survivors Charlie Duncan could very well be the oldest man in Georgia. “I’ll be one hundred and six in May,” he said 51 other day at Benton House, a senior-living facility in the town of Woodstock. With that much mileage, he’s survived a few things, one of them 52 (be) the stock-market crash of 1929. Duncan, who still has his hair and his wits, and tooled around behind the steering wheel of a PT Cruiser 53 a small car accident last year, was ten years old when the market crashed. At the time, his family had a farm in nearby Hickory Flat. “Cotton, corn, peanuts, sweet potatoes,” he recalled, 54 (lean) back in his recliner, beneath a framed certificate from the United Square Dancers of America. In October of 1929, Duncan recalled, his world changed: “I didn’t know what a stock was until somebody told me the whole thing crashed or smashed or 55 it was.” He thinks he heard the news from his father—“That’s how we heard most things,” he said. “All of a sudden you couldn’t sell your crops for nothing,” he added. Duncan 56 (hope) to grow up to be a country doctor. “There wasn’t enough of them around,” he said. “If you had a toothache, he pulled your tooth. A cut? He sewed it up.” The poor economy had stunted schools, too. “You couldn’t get schoolbooks,” he said. “Then our school burned down. You 57   walk several miles to another district.” When he was fifteen, his father pulled him out 58 (work) full time. The events of 1929 left Duncan with a sixth-grade education and a life of mostly physical labor. After serving in the Second World War, he worked at mills and as a craftsman who specialized in banisters for spiral staircases. He married twice: around forty years to each woman. He flipped a few houses and eventually made a little money, 59 he didn’t invest in the stock market. “I can not afford to lose it, because I can’t make no more,” he said. A friend arrived to take him to lunch at a biker bar, 60 wall holds a photo of Duncan with Rudolph Giuliani, who tracked him down for a pre-election photo op in 2024. (“He said hello, he smiled, then he left,” Duncan recalled, with a shrug.) 【答案】 51．the 52．being 53．until/till 54．leaning 55．whatever 56．had hoped 57．had to 58．to work 59．but 60．whose 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了佐治亚州可能最年长的老人查理·邓肯的人生经历，重点围绕1929年股市崩盘对他人生轨迹产生的重大影响展开。 【详解】51．考查定冠词。句意：“到5月我就106岁了，”有一天，他在伍德斯托克镇的一家老年生活机构本顿之家（Benton House）说。the other day是固定短语，意为“在不久前的某天”，故填the。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这么多经验，他挺过了几次危机，其中之一就是1929年的股市崩盘。句中谓语是has survived，空格处用非谓语动词，one of them和be之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填being。 53．考查时间状语从句。句意：邓肯如今依旧头发浓密、头脑清醒，他一直开着一辆普利茅斯PT漫步者四处出行，直到去年遭遇了一场小型车祸。而1929年股市崩盘时，他年仅十岁。根据语境可知，空格处意为“直到”，用until/till引导时间状语从句，故填until/till。 54．考查非谓语动词。句意：“棉花、玉米、花生、红薯，”他回忆道，他靠在躺椅上，下面是一张装裱好的美国方块舞联合会。句中谓语是recalled，空格处用非谓语动词，he和lean之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填leaning。 55．考查从宾语从句。句意：邓肯回忆说，1929年10月，他的世界发生了巨变：“直到有人告诉我整个股市崩盘或暴跌了，或者不管怎么说就是那样了，我才知道股票是什么。”空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少表语，表示“无论什么”用whatever作引导词。故填whatever。 56．考查时态。句意：邓肯原本希望长大后成为一名乡村医生。根据语境表示“原本希望做某事”用had hoped，故填had hoped。 57．考查时态和固定短语。句意：你必须步行几英里到另一个区。由our school burned down可知，句子表示“你必须步行几英里到另一个区”，空格处意为“不得不”，是have to，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，have用过去式，故填had to。 58．考查不定式。句意：他十五岁时，父亲让他出去全职工作。根据语境可知，句子表示“父亲让他出去全职工作”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to work。 59．考查连词。句意：他倒卖了几套房子，最终赚了一点钱，但他没有投资股市。由made a little money和he didn’t invest in the stock market可知，前后是转折关系，因此用but表转折，故填but。 60．考查定语从句。句意：一个朋友带他去一家摩托车酒吧吃午饭，酒吧的墙上挂着一张邓肯和Rudolph Giuliani的合影，后者在2024年大选前找他合影。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词bar和wall之间是所属关系，因此用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 话题2 社会问题与社会现象（共4篇） Passage 1 （2526 高二上・上海华东师大附属东昌中学・期中） Here’s a secret: There’s no such thing as neurodiversity. And yet there is. Confused? Let me explain. I 1 (call) “oversensitive” for years my whole life. People say I’m a “perfectionist” who overthinks everything. But here’s the thing — everyone is different from everyone else. We all have unique genes, experiences, and ways of understanding the world. In the truest sense, we’re all neurodivergent (大脑功能异于常人的). So why are some people regarded as “different” while 2 get to be “normal”? I’m a columnist, and my job exists because of 3 my brain works. My overthinking makes me look deeply into daily experiences other people might ignore, which helps me find the truths 4 (bury) inside ordinary moments. My sensitivity allows me to see situations from many angles, while my perfectionism turns messy drafts into something people want to read, 5 has actually become my strengths though society calls them “problems”. My friend Bohan Zhang, a counseling psychologist, explains it clearly: “Everyone has their own lived experience.” The problem comes when we decide what counts as ‘normal’ thinking. This matters especially now when attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD，注意力缺陷多动障碍) is popular on social media. In his work, Bohan often sees that people get the wrong idea from social media about ADHD．He reminds us that ADHD doesn’t explain all problems with time or motivation, and having ADHD isn’t 6 excuse to avoid responsibility. Any condition — or talent, or difference — 7 (mean) you must take ownership of it. You are always bigger than any label. Throughout history, people have constantly changed the definition of “normal”. 8 (not fit) this narrow standard, those labeled as different were actually many gifted individuals like Michael Phelps, Van Gogh, and Temple Grandin, who, with transformative ideas and creations, achieved remarkable success in their fields 9 their differences. But here’s the important part — nobody thinks exactly like everyone else anyway. I spent years thinking I was too sensitive, but in a world where pretending sameness is good, being authentically different is perfect. You’re not broken; you’re human. So instead of trying to fit narrow ideas of “normal”, question what “normal” even means. Your way of thinking may be exactly what the world needs. Work with your brain, not against it, 10 your differences will become your gift. 【答案】 1．have been called 2．others 3．how 4．buried 5．which 6．an 7．means 8．Not fitting 9．despite 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对于“正常”和“异类”的看法，作者认为每个人的思维方式可能正是世界所需要的，与其试图符合狭隘的“正常”观念，不如与大脑合作，而不是与之对抗，这样差异就会变成天赋。 【详解】1．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我一生多年来都被称作“过度敏感”的人。根据时间状语for years my whole life可知，使用现在完成时，主语为I，和动词call为被动关系，需用被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been called。 2．考查代词。句意：那么，为什么有些人被视为“异类”，而另一些人却能被归为“正常”呢？ some...others...为固定搭配，意为“一些人……另一些人……。故填others。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：我是一名专栏作家，我的工作之所以存在，正是因为我的大脑运作方式与众不同。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用连接副词how引导。故填how。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我的过度思考让我深入探究其他人可能忽略的日常经历，这帮助我发现隐藏在平凡瞬间中的真相。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，the truths和bury为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词作定语。故填buried。 5．考查定语从句。句意：我的敏感让我能从多个角度看待问题，而我的完美主义则能将杂乱的草稿打磨成人们愿意阅读的内容——尽管社会将这些特质称为“问题”，但它们实际上已经成为了我的优势。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是上文句子，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．考查冠词。句意：他提醒我们，ADHD并不能解释所有与时间管理或动力相关的问题，而且患有ADHD也不是逃避责任的借口。excuse为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且excuse发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 7．考查动词时态。句意：任何一种状况——无论是天赋，还是差异——都意味着你必须为其负责。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语“Any condition — or talent, or difference”（任何状况 —— 无论是天赋还是差异）中，“any + 单数名词”作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。故填means。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：那些不符合这一狭隘标准、被贴上“异类”标签的人，实际上不乏许多天才人物，比如迈克尔・菲尔普斯、梵高和坦普・格兰丁，他们凭借具有变革性的想法和创造，尽管自身存在差异，却在各自的领域取得了非凡的成功。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语those labeled as different和fit为主谓关系，需用现在分词作原因状语，否定形式需在前面加not，且否定词not置于句首，首字母大写。故填Not fitting。 9．考查介词。句意同上。空后是名词短语their differences，需用介词引导，表示“尽管”应用介词despite。故填despite。 10．考查连词。句意：与你的大脑合作，而非对抗它，这样你的差异就会成为你的天赋。上文是祈使句“Work with your brain, not against it”（与大脑合作，而非对抗），下文是陈述句 “your differences will become your gift”（你的差异会成为天赋）；两者构成顺承关系（按前者做，就会产生后者的结果），符合“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的固定句型。故填and。 Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海静安市西中学・期中） Britain’s obesity problem is costing our economy almost £100 billion a year and will leave us a sick and poor nation, a report has found. Analysis from the Tony Blair Institute, published by The Times, estimates that the damaging effect 11 national productivity from excess weight is nine times greater than previously believed. The cost of obesity is expected to grow by another £10 billion over the next 15 years, according to the report. The total cost of £98 billion, which includes the £63 billion cost of shorter, 12 (healthy) lives, is equivalent to about 4 per cent of GDP. Henry Dimbleby, the Government’s former food tsar, has called on ministers 13 (launch) smoking-style restrictions on junk food and turn away from plans to put millions of overweight people on weight-loss drugs. According to Mr Dimbleby, 14 such interventions are in place, Britain will be left a sick and impoverished nation, the NHS will suck all the money out of the other public services while at the same time, economic growth and tax revenue will stagnate. To date, the government 15 (shelve) plans for a 9 pm junk food advertising watershed (禁播起始时间) and a ban on buy-one-get-one-free deals on unhealthy products until 2025. Victoria Atkins, the health secretary, suggests the authorities 16 (transfer) from being nanny-statist (管理过度) to giving people help and advice on how to be healthier. A Department of Health spokesman told The Times that it was “taking firm action to tackle obesity” 17 actually worked, citing food-labelling guidelines, funding for school sports and giving healthy food vouchers to 18 (disadvantage) families. Hermione Dace, of the Tony Blair Institute, told the newspaper that its analysis shows that the health of the nation and our economic growth and prosperity 19 (ground) on dealing with obesity. “We need a fresh approach 20 real options are available to people, rebalancing the food system in favour of healthy, cost-effective choices and discouraging profiting from ultra-processed and junk food.” 【答案】 11．on 12．unhealthier 13．to launch 14．unless 15．has shelved 16．(should) transfer 17．that/which 18．disadvantaged 19．are grounded 20．where 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一项分析称英国肥胖危机每年造成近千亿英镑经济损失，相关人士指出若不采取严厉干预，这将导致国民健康恶化、经济停滞，并呼吁政府采取更坚定的行动。 【详解】11．考查介词。句意：《泰晤士报》发布的托尼·布莱尔研究所分析估计，超重对国民生产力的破坏性影响是此前预估的九倍。根据空后的“national productivity”可知，空处应用介词on，和名词effect搭配，表示“对……的影响”。故填on。 12．考查形容词比较级。句意：总计980亿英镑的成本，其中包括因寿命缩短和健康恶化导致的630亿英镑损失，约占GDP的4%。空处和shorter并列，作修饰lives的定语，形容词unhealthy“不健康的”符合语境，且需用比较级形式，和shorter保持形式一致。故填unhealthier。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府前食品政策负责人亨利·丁布尔比呼吁部长们对垃圾食品实施类似烟草的严格限制，并放弃为超重人群大规模提供减肥药的计划。call on sb. to do是固定短语，意为“呼吁某人做某事”，因此用launch“发起，发动”的不定式形式。故填to launch。 14．考查状语从句。句意：根据丁布尔比先生的说法，除非这些干预措施到位，否则英国将沦为贫病交加的国家，NHS会耗尽其他公共服务的资金，同时经济增长和税收将陷入停滞。“英国将沦为贫病交加的国家”建立在“这些干预措施到位”不成立的情况下，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 15．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，政府已暂缓原定于2025年前实施的垃圾食品晚间9点广告禁播计划和不健康产品“买一送一”促销限制。空处作句子的谓语，结合“To date”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，shelve“搁置”和主语the government之间是主动关系，且主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has shelved。 16．考查虚拟语气。句意：卫生部长维多利亚·阿特金斯建议当局从管理过度转变为向人们提供帮助和建议，告诉他们如何变得更健康。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形”的形式，且should可以省略。故填(should) transfer。 17．考查定语从句。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在“采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题”，这实际上是有效的，他提到了食品标签指南、资助学校体育活动以及向弱势家庭发放健康食品券。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词action，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 18．考查形容词。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在“采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题”，这实际上是有效的，他提到了食品标签指南、资助学校体育活动以及向弱势家庭发放健康食品券。空处作修饰families的定语，形容词disadvantaged符合题意，意为“贫困的，处于不利地位的”。故填disadvantaged。 19．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：托尼·布莱尔研究所的赫敏·戴斯在接受报纸采访时表示，该分析表明，国家的健康以及我们的经济增长和繁荣是建立在解决肥胖问题的基础上的。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，be grounded on“以……为根据”是固定短语，应用被动语态，且主语是两个名词短语，be动词应用are。故填are grounded。 20．考查定语从句。句意：“我们需要一种新的方法，为人们提供真正的选择，重新平衡食品体系，支持健康、具有成本效益的选择，并阻止从超加工食品和垃圾食品中获利。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词approach，先行词在从句中表示“为人们提供真正的选择”发生的抽象地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 Passage3 （2526 高二上・上海同济二附中・期中） Labubu dolls In recent months, everywhere I go, there’s been one accessory (配件) on everyone’s lips and bags. 21 I wanted to grab one myself, the truth is, they are harder to buy than you think. 22 popular products of the past, they sell out in seconds just to pop up on resale sites for five times the original price tag. Now let’s get into the history of these popular Labubu dolls. They 23 (originate) in Hong Kong in 2015, a time when designer toys were beginning to capture global attention. 24 (regard) as elves (小精灵) set them apart from their popular earlier characters. They came to success in a Nordic-inspired picture book 25 artist Kasing Lung created. After the initial release of the book, the popular toy company Pop Mart created the first collectible collection for sale in 2019. By that time, the picture book 26 (publish) widely. The Labubu creatures belong to a tribe that is known as “The Monsters,” and other members of the group include Zimomo, Mokoko, and more. From collection to collection, each 27 be seen wearing various outfits, different facial features, and fun accessories, which makes each release seem unique. But don’t let the naughty smile make you think Labubus are evil. Lung says they are well-natured little creatures who have nothing but good intentions and 28 they sometimes inevitably end up in a difficulty. Now, what makes Labubus so popular, besides the obvious cute charm, is that they are collectibles and hard to get, so it adds to the excitement of the hunt. They also come in blind boxes so the hunt becomes harder if you have a particular color or Monster in mind. Because of mystery of the blind boxes, the reveal can be a surprise which is why many fans record their first impression of their creature 29 (capture) the moment. This excitement goes beyond age groups and communities, with everyone from pop stars to middle school students 30 (wear) the bag charms. It creates a sense of joy and status that you can say, “Yes, I succeeded and found a Labubu.” 【答案】 21．Although/Though/While 22．Like 23．originated 24．Being regarded 25．that/which 26．had been published 27．can 28．that 29．to capture 30．wearing 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍热门Labubu玩偶的起源、创作背景、产品特点及深受各年龄段人群喜爱的原因。 21．考查连词。句意：虽然我自己也想买一个，但事实是，它们比你想象的更难买到。此处连接前后转折关系的分句，用连词Although/Though/While，意为“虽然、尽管”。引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 22．考查介词。句意：和过去的热门产品一样，它们几秒钟内就售罄，然后出现在转售网站上，价格是原价的五倍。结合句意，此处表示“与过去的热门产品类似”，用介词like，意为“像、和……一样”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Like。 23．考查动词时态。句意：它们于2015年起源于香港，当时设计师玩具正开始吸引全球关注。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 2015”，描述过去发生的“起源”动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为originated。故填originated。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：被视为小精灵的设定，使它们有别于早期受欢迎的角色。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语they（指代Labubu dolls）与regard为被动关系（“被视为小精灵”），用动名词的被动形式Being regarded作主语，句首首字母大写。故填Being regarded。 25．考查定语从句。句意：它们因艺术家龙家升创作的一本北欧风格绘本而走红。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为a Nordic-inspired picture book，指物，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 26．考查动词语态和时态。句意：在这本书首次出版后，热门玩具公司泡泡玛特于2019年推出了第一个可收藏系列进行销售，到那时，这本书已经被广泛出版。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“By that time”以及句意可知，“出版”发生在“2019年推出系列”之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时；且the picture book与publish为被动关系，所以谓语动词为had been published。故填had been published。 27．考查情态动词。句意：在一个又一个系列中，每个Labubu玩偶都能看到穿着各式各样的服装、有着不同的面部特征和有趣的配饰，这使得每次发布都显得独一无二。空后为动词原形，此处无提示词，结合句意，此处表示“能够被看到”，用情态动词can，表“可以、能够”，后接动词原形be。故填can。 28．考查宾语从句。句意：龙家升说，它们是天性善良的小生物，只有善意，有时难免会陷入困境。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，与前文“that they are well-natured little creatures”并列，作says的宾语，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，用连接词that，只起连接作用，无实际意义。故填that。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于盲盒的神秘感，开箱可能是一个惊喜，这就是为什么许多粉丝会记录下他们对自己玩偶的第一印象，以捕捉这一刻。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，“记录第一印象”的目的是“捕捉这一刻”，用动词不定式to capture作目的状语。故填to capture。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种兴奋感跨越了年龄段和群体，从流行明星到中学生，每个人都在佩戴这种包挂。此处为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语everyone与wear为主动关系，用现在分词wearing作宾语补足语。故填wearing。 Passage 4 （2526 高二上・上海吴淞中学・期中） The secret to a longer life? Being conscientious（认真的） Executives who build successful companies, Olympic athletes, and even some US presidents are all likely to live longer than the average person — because they are more conscientious. The life-extending benefits of a conscientious life 31 (bring) to light by a comparison of 20 previous studies. The studies, rated 8,900 people for conscientiousness using a standard psychological survey, and also recorded 32 they died. Howard Friedman and Margaret Kern at the University of California at Riverside found that people who were less conscientious were 50 percent more likely to die at any given age, on average, than 33 of the same age who scored highly. This has a greater impact than socioeconomic status and intelligence, which are also known 34 (increase) longevity. The analysis by Friedman and Kern highlighted a significant correlation between conscientiousness and life span, 35 (suggest) that personality traits play a critical role in determining longevity. Friedman and Kern then divided the most conscientious study subjects into subgroups and found that high achievers were most likely to live the longest, says Kern. “These are individuals who are hard-working, resourceful, confident, and ambitious; the longest second line were orderly people, 36 structured and disciplined lifestyles contributed to their longevity. Finally, traits of responsibility and reliability were also significant. “These are people often 37 (see) as respectable members of the community. They contribute time and energy to society, cooperate with colleagues and neighbors, and are trustworthy people,” says Kern. Friedman suggests that conscientious people do not live longer simply 38 they are boring or cautious, but admits they tend to “live lives that are more stable and less stressful”. This stability might come 39 their ability to plan, organize, and maintain healthy routines, which are essential for long-term well-being. “One of the studies we included 40 (look) at American presidents,” says Kern. The first US president, George Washington, lived to be 67, double the life expectancy there at the time. “Washington was very conscientious, yet he certainly didn’t live a boring life.” 【答案】 31．were brought 32．when 33．those 34．to increase 35．suggesting 36．whose 37．seen 38．because 39．from 40．looked 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过整合20项研究，美国学者发现“认真尽责”性格可显著提高寿命，其效果超越社会经济地位和智商。 【详解】31．考查时态和语态。句意：一项对 20 项先前研究的比较揭示了认真负责的生活方式对延长寿命的益处。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；主语The life-extending benefits与动词短语bring to light之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词用were。故填were brought。 32．考查宾语从句。句意：这些研究通过一项标准的心理调查对8900人进行了责任心方面的评估，并且还记录了他们的死亡时间。空格后的部分是宾语从句，此处表示“记录死亡的时间”，用连接副词when引导宾语从句。故填when。 33．考查代词。句意：加利福尼亚大学河滨分校的霍华德·弗里德曼和玛格丽特·凯恩发现，那些不太注重自律的人，在同等年龄阶段内平均死亡的概率要比那些得分较高的同龄人高出50%。根据空格后的of the same age who scored highly可知，空格处应该填入一个代词代替上文的people，且意义为“那些人”，用those。故填those。 34．考查非谓语动词。句意：这比社会经济地位和智力所产生的影响都要大，而这些因素也已被证实能延长寿命。be known to do“被认为做某事”是固定搭配。故填to increase。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：弗里德曼和凯恩的分析揭示了责任心与寿命之间存在着显著的关联，这表明性格特征在决定寿命方面起着至关重要的作用。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词suggest与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词suggesting作状语。故填suggesting。 36．考查定语从句。句意：第二长寿群体是生活规律的人，他们有条理、自律的生活方式有助于长寿。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，关系词在从句中作定语，且意义为“……的；其”，所以用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些人通常被视为社区中值得尊敬的成员。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰上文的名词people，动词see与名词people之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词seen作定语。故填seen。 38．考查连词。句意：弗里德曼认为，那些尽职尽责的人之所以寿命更长，并非仅仅是因为他们性格沉稳、行事谨慎，而是因为他们往往“过着更为稳定、压力较小的生活”。空格后的内容与上文是因果关系，所以，空格处应该用连词because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 39．考查介词。句意：这种稳定性可能源于他们具备的规划、组织以及维持健康生活规律的能力，而这些对于长期的身心健康至关重要。come from“源于；来自于”的固定搭配，符合句意。故填from。 40．考查时态。句意：“我们所纳入的一项研究是关于美国总统的，”凯恩说道。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文的we included可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填looked。 话题3方法与哲理（共3篇） Passage 1 .（2526 高二上・上海崇明中学・期中） For most of my life, I struggled with self-acceptance. I constantly compared myself to others and 1 (feel) as if I wasn’t good enough. I thought that if I could just achieve more, look better, or be perfect, I would finally be happy. But the truth is that no amount of external success 2 fill the empty inside if you don’t love yourself. Self-love isn’t about being perfect or never making mistakes. It’s about accepting who you are, flaws and all. It’s about treating yourself with kindness and compassion, even when things don’t go as 3 (plan). One of the most important steps in learning to love yourself is 4 (stop) comparing yourself to others. Everyone is on their own unique journey, and 5 works for someone else might not work for you. Instead of focusing on what you lack, 6 (try) to appreciate what makes you special. Another key to self-acceptance is letting go of the need for approval from others. By basing your self-worth on what others think, you give away your power, with true happiness 7 (come) from within, not from the opinions of others. Finally, remember that self-love is a journey, not a destination. There will be days 8 you feel confident and strong, and other days you doubt yourself. That’s okay. What matters is that you keep moving forward and treat 9 with the same love and respect you would offer a close friend. Learning to love yourself is one of the most important things you can do. It changes the way you see the world and the way you interact with others. 10 you truly accept yourself, you open the door to a happier, more fulfilling life. 【答案】 1．felt 2．can 3．planned 4．stopping 5．what 6．try 7．coming 8．when 9．yourself 10．When 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是学会自我接纳和自我关爱的重要性。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：我经常拿自己和别人比较，觉得自己不够好。and前后时态一致，由前面的compared可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填felt。 2．考查情态动词。句意：但事实是，如果你不爱自己，再多的外在成功也无法填补内心的空虚。fill是原形，空格处用情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“再多的外在成功也无法填补内心的空虚”，空格处意为“能够”，情态动词用can，故填can。 3．考查时态，被动语态和这里。句意：它是关于善待和同情自己，即使事情没有按计划进行。as引导的方式状语从句意为“按它们被计划地进行”，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，即as they are planned，状语从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是planned，故填planned。 4．考查动名词。句意：学会爱自己的最重要的步骤之一就是停止把自己和别人比较。由One of the most important steps可知，空格处用动名词stopping作表语，故填stopping。 5．考查主语从句。句意：每个人都有自己独特的旅程，适合别人的可能并不适合你。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“适合别人的可能并不适合你”，因此用what引导主语从句，故填what。 6．考查祈使句。句意：与其关注自己的不足，不如试着欣赏自己的特别之处。空格处用祈使句表示一个建议，因此空格处用原形，故填try。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：把你的自我价值建立在别人的想法上，你就放弃了自己的权力，真正的幸福来自内心，而不是别人的意见。此处是with复合结构，true happiness和come之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，故填coming。 8．考查定语从句。句意：有时你会感到自信和强大，有时你会怀疑自己。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词days是时间，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 9．考查反身代词。句意：重要的是你要继续前进，像对待一个亲密的朋友一样爱和尊重自己。根据语境可知，句子表示“像对待一个亲密的朋友一样爱和尊重自己”，空格处意为“你自己”，用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 10．考查时间状语从句。句意：当你真正接受自己的时候，你就打开了通往更快乐、更充实生活的大门。根据语境可知，句子表示“当你真正接受自己的时候”，空格处用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填When。 Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海行知实验中学・期中） Life is a continuous journey of learning. From the moment we are born, we begin the process of discovering the world 11 us. As we grow, our thirst for knowledge and understanding only increases, 12 (lead) us to pursue different forms of education and experiences 13 help us expand our horizons and grow as individuals. In the early years of our lives, we engage in the process of learning through play and exploration. Through toys and games, we learn about cause and effect, social interactions, and how to get problems 14 (solve). As we progress into our formative years, we begin to hone in on more academic skills like reading, writing, and math. These foundational building blocks set us up for success in school and beyond. As we transition into adulthood, our focus shifts towards career-related fields and lifelong learning becomes increasingly important. In this stage of our lives, we begin to specialize in areas that align with our interests and talents, 15 it is technology, healthcare, education, or another profession. We also begin to embrace the idea 16 learning is a never-ending process and a lifelong journey. Lifelong learning not only benefits our professional development but also our personal growth. It helps us 17 (maintain) a youthful mindset, stay connected to the world, and continues to push us to grow as individuals. We can embrace this concept by seeking out new hobbies or 18 (continue) education courses that introduce us to new concepts and ideas Learning is a critical component of human growth and development. It allows us to broaden our horizons, gain new skills, and pursue our passions. Lifelong learning is not just a phase 19 a mindset that we should embrace throughout our lives. As we continue to journey through life, let us never stop exploring and learning 20 new. 【答案】 11．around 12．leading 13．that/which 14．solved 15．whether 16．that 17．maintain /to maintain 18．continuing 19．but 20．something 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人生是持续的学习之旅，从幼年通过玩乐探索，到成长后钻研学术、成年后专注职业相关领域，终身学习既助力职业发展也促进个人成长，我们应秉持其心态不断探索新知。 11．考查介词。句意：从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就开始了探索周围世界的过程。分析句子可知，此处为介词“around”表“在…… 周围”，搭配“the world around us”（我们周围的世界），符合“出生后开始探索周边世界”的逻辑。故填around。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我们的成长，我们对知识和理解的渴望只会增加，这导致我们追求不同形式的教育和经历，帮助我们扩大视野，成长为个人。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，主语“our thirst for knowledge”与“lead”（引导）是主动关系，且 “追求教育和经历”是“求知欲增强”的自然结果，故用现在分词“leading”。故填leading。 13．考查定语从句。句意：随着我们的成长，我们对知识和理解的渴望只会增加，这导致我们追求不同形式的教育和经历，帮助我们扩大视野，成长为个人。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为“education and experiences”（指物），从句中缺主语，故用关系代词 “that”或“which”引导限制性定语从句，修饰“教育和经历”。故填that/which。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过玩具和游戏，我们了解了因果关系，社会互动，以及如何解决问题。分析句子可知，此处“get sth. done”（让某事被做）固定结构，“problems”与 “solve”（解决）是被动关系，故用过去分词“solved”作宾语补足语，表“通过游戏学会解决问题”。故填solved。 15．考查连词。句意：在我们生命的这个阶段，我们开始专注于与我们的兴趣和才能相一致的领域，无论是技术，医疗保健，教育还是其他职业。分析句子可知，此处为连词“whether...or...”（无论…… 还是……）构成的固定让步结构，表“无论领域是科技、医疗、教育还是其他职业”，符合“成年后专注与兴趣和天赋契合的领域”的逻辑。故填whether。 16．考查同位语从句。句意：我们也开始接受这样的观念：学习是一个永无止境的过程，是一生的旅程。分析句子可知，从句“learning is a never-ending process”是对“the idea”（观点）的解释说明，从句成分完整、语义明确，故用“that”引导（同位语从句中“that”不可省略）。故填that。 17．考查动词原形。句意：它帮助我们保持年轻的心态，与世界保持联系，并继续推动我们作为个人成长。“help sb. (to) do sth.”（帮助某人做某事）固定结构，“to”可省略。故填maintain或to maintain。 18．考查动名词。句意：我们可以通过寻找新的爱好或继续教育课程来接受这个概念，这些课程可以向我们介绍新的概念和想法。分析句子可知，介词“by”后接动名词作宾语，“seeking out new hobbies”与“continuing education courses”是并列关系，故用动名词 “continuing”（继续）。故填continuing。 19．考查连词。句意：终身学习不仅仅是一个阶段，而是我们一生都应该拥有的一种心态。分析句子可知，“not just...but...”（不仅…… 而且……）固定并列句型，表“终身学习不仅是一个阶段，更是一种心态”，强调递进关系。故填but。 20．考查代词。句意：在我们的人生旅途中，让我们永远不要停止探索和学习新事物。根据句意可知，此处为不定代词“something”表示“一些事情”，构成“something new”（新事物），形容词“new”修饰不定代词时需后置，表“永远不要停止探索和学习新事物”，符合“终身学习”的主旨。故填something。 Passage 3 （2526 高二上・上海彭浦中学・期中） You might have heard about integrity all your life, but have you ever wondered what it truly means? From your employers to politicians and even newscasters, it is being used by everyone. Although the word is overused many times, what really matters is being integral in life and maximizing that feature, 21 it affects everything in life. Once we master integrity, our lives actually start flourishing. We make many important decisions in life, but sometimes our lives 22 (impact) by the more minor decisions that almost seem insignificant. Trust me, these small actions and decisions can greatly impact our self-respect, integrity, and overall reputation! In a world 23 (dominate) by people who make headlines for all the wrong reasons, finding people who actually do the right thing and contribute to society can be extremely rare. What is the meaning of integrity, now that you have heart it so many times? Integrity means living your life according to your own morals and ethics. To have integrity, you 24 have a clear sense of what is right and wrong. Besides, you must also know 25 the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do with your life. You must stop 26 (panic) about what I just told you, and I’m not telling you to find the meaning of your life right away. Just develop it as an afterthought. In order to start having integrity, you must first define the morals that mean 27 (much) to you. Then you need to decide what you want to achieve in life, and why? When you start defining your morals and ethics, it won’t be long before you will start actually following them in life. 28 you start doing that, that is integrity! There are some important things that you should know about integrity. This isn’t something 29 is born in you. It is a personality trait that you develop with time. It is certain experiences in our life that shape our morals and ethics, and integrity is definitely like that. Integrity isn’t what you develop and keep forever. It is used in decision-making or when you are to start 30 new in your life! 【答案】 21．because 22．are impacted 23．dominated 24．must 25．what 26．panicking 27．most 28．Once 29．that 30．something 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章详细论述了正直的定义、如何培养正直以及它在生活中的实际应用，旨在帮助读者理解正直对个人生活和社会的影响。 【详解】21．考查连词。句意：尽管这个词被多次滥用，但真正重要的是在生活中秉持正直并充分发挥这一特质，因为它会影响生活中的一切。分析句子结构可知，前后句为因果关系，后句解释前句“重视正直”的原因，应用连词because。故填because。 22．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我们在生活中会做出许多重要的决定，但有时我们的生活也会受到一些看似微不足道的小决定的影响。此空考查谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；our lives与impact为被动关系，主语为复数。故填are impacted。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个被那些因各种错误原因登上新闻头条的人主导的世界里，找到真正做正确的事并为社会做贡献的人是极其罕见的。此空考查非谓语，a world与dominate为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填dominated。 24．考查情态动词。句意：要拥有正直的品格，你必须清楚地知道什么是对什么是错。此处强调“拥有正直品格的必要条件”，应用情态动词must，表“必须”。故填must。 25．考查宾语从句。句意：此外，你还必须知道你人生的目标是什么，以及你打算如何度过一生。这里考查宾语从句，从句缺少表语，且指代“人生的目标”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：你不必为我刚才说的话感到恐慌，我也不是让你立刻找到人生的意义。这里考查“stop doing sth.”，为固定搭配，意为“停止做某事”，panic的动名词形式为panicking。故填panicking。 27．考查形容词最高级。句意：要开始拥有正直的品格，你首先必须明确对你来说最重要的道德准则。此处隐含“在众多道德准则中最核心的”，应用形容词最高级most。故填most。 28．考查时间状语从句。句意：一旦你开始这样做，那就是正直！根据句意可知，此处表示“一旦”，应用once引导时间状语从句，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Once。 29．考查定语从句。句意：这不是你与生俱来的东西。所填空引导定语从句，先行词是something，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 30．考查不定代词。句意：它用于决策或计划在生活中开始一些新的事情时！根据句意可知，此处表示“一些新的事情”，应用不定代词something。故填something。 话题4科学技术（共2篇） Passage 1 （25‑26 高二上・上海松江一中・期中） 3D Food Printing There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development 1 (make) possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there. With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to ‌“re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same”, 2 (free) cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table. The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need 3 (raise) by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” 4 lasts years on end, reducing transportation and storage requirements. Future 3D food printers could make processed food 5 (healthy). Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing 6 allows consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat 7 is baked just for you on demand.” 8 recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them. The printing process is quite time-consuming, 9 ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now 10 (restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are suspicious of 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants. 【答案】 1．has made 2．freeing 3．to be raised/raising 4．which/that 5．healthier 6．could 7．what 8．Despite 9．because 10．are restricted 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D食物打印技术，包括其应用、优势、面临的挑战以及未来可能的发展方向。 1．考查时态。句意：最近的发展使得大规模打印、烹饪和供应食物的机器成为可能。make(使变得)是句中谓语动词，与主语“Recent development”之间是主动关系，根据句意可知，强调现在的结果，应用现在完成时态，又因主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填has made。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：西班牙的一家餐馆使用Foodini来“重新创造”一模一样的食物形状和块，让厨师们有时间完成其他任务。“(free) cooks to complete other tasks”作结果状语，free(腾出时间)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语A restaurant之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动和自然而然的结果。故填freeing。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：到2050年，全球人口预计将增长到96亿，一些分析人士估计，粮食产量需要提高50%才能维持目前的水平。need to do是固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，用不定式作宾语，又因raise(提高)与其逻辑主语food production之间是被动关系，所以应使用不定式的被动式，即to be raised；同时need表示“需要”时，其后可用动名词作宾语，即need doing，且动名词主动表被动，也可填raising。故填to be raised/raising。 4．考查定语从句。句意：未来的杂货店可能会储备“食物”，这些食物可以持续数年，减少运输和储存要求。空格后为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“food”，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以应使用关系代词which或者that引导该从句。故填which/that。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：未来的3D食物打印机可能会使加工食品更健康。根据句意可知，句中将3D食物打印机制作的加工食品和传统加工食品进行比较，表示“更健康”，应使用形容词比较级形式。故填healthier。 6．考查情态动词。句意：哥伦比亚大学教授霍德·利普森说：“食物打印技术可以让消费者打印出营养定制化的食物，例如按需添加维生素。这样一来，你吃的就不再是超市里昨天生产的面包，而是为你即时烘焙的专属食品。”根据句意，此处是描述食品打印技术未来的一种可能性能力或潜力，应用情态动词could表示“能够，可以”，使语气更加委婉或表示可能性。故填could。 7．考查名词性从句。句意：哥伦比亚大学教授霍德·利普森说：“食物打印技术可以让消费者打印出营养定制化的食物，例如按需添加维生素。这样一来，你吃的就不再是超市里昨天生产的面包，而是为你即时烘焙的专属食品。”空格后为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 8．考查介词。句意：尽管3D食物打印最近取得了进展，但该行业仍有许多挑战需要克服。根据句意可知，句中“recent advancements in 3D food printing”与“the industry has many challenges to overcome”之间存在转折关系，表示“尽管……”，且空格后是名词短语，所以应使用介词despite构成介词短语作让步状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。 9．考查状语从句。句意：打印过程相当耗时，因为食材之间的相互作用非常复杂。根据句意可知，前后句之间存在因果关系，前句表示结果，后句表示原因，应使用从属连词because引导原因状语从句，表示一种直接的原因，故填because。 10．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：最重要的是，现在大多数3D食物打印机仅限于使用干燥的原料，因为肉类和奶制品很容易变质。restrict(限制)是句中谓语动词，与主语“most of the 3D food printers”之间是被动关系，根据句意和句中时间状语now可知，描述当前的一般情况，应使用一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填are restricted。 Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海大同中学・期中） The Robotaxi Revolution In San Francisco and Shenzhen, the future is already here. Between April and June Waymo, an American firm, conducted 2. 2m robotaxi trips in California — five times as many as in the same period in 2024. Over the same three months Baidu, a Chinese tech giant, provided 2. 2m trips across 16 mostly Chinese cities. That is exciting for residents of those places. 11 private cars, robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space and make urban life more comfortable. 12 (have) fewer accidents than human drivers, they are almost certainly saving lives. Yet in many places 13 regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis, city residents have less to celebrate. In New York, the use of autonomous vehicles in paid for-hire services is prohibited. City councilors in Boston have proposed a law that would require a “human-safety operator” in each car. In Germany robocabs must be monitored by a human at all times. Some policy makers worry robotaxis could crash into pedestrians or oncoming traffic and 14 they will displace human workers, who must be protected. However, 15 of these justifications holds water. Consider safety first. Regulators are right to require that new technology 16 (test) . But the evidence so far is encouraging. A study by Waymo and Swiss Re, a insurer, finds that Waymo robotaxis 17 (involve) in 88% fewer property-damage claims and 92% fewer injury claims per mile than humans. Other firms may struggle 18 (match) those numbers, and the vehicles have so far been let loose in “easy” cities. Still, the figures suggest that robotaxis will make roads safer. Regulators in the West could follow China and make it easier to run pilot projects. What about the job-killing effects? In San Francisco robotaxis are replacing private cars rather than manned taxis. Although robotaxis have sprung up, demand for ordinary cabs has held up, perhaps because they are sometimes more available. Human drivers are most useful at peak demand, 19 fares are highest. Even with skillful regulation, robotaxis would not be everywhere. The challenge of making them commercially sustainable would remain. Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000; mapping and testing 20 be expensive. Remove regulatory roadblocks and firms could at least have the chance to expand their operations, improve the technology and bring down costs — while more consumers enjoy the ride. 【答案】 11．Unlike 12．Having 13．where 14．that 15．neither 16．should be tested/be tested 17．are involved 18．to match 19．when 20．can 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了无人驾驶出租车的发展现状、面临的监管挑战以及对其安全性和就业影响的评估。 【详解】11．考查介词。句意：与私家车不同，无人驾驶出租车几乎可以连续使用；它们越受欢迎，就越能释放空间，让城市生活更加舒适。根据“robotaxis can be in near-continuous use; the more popular they become, the more they will free up space”可知，无人驾驶出租车与私家车在空间占用和使用方式上形成对比，无人驾驶出租车与私家车不同，应用介词unlike，意为“与……不同”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unlike。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们发生的事故比人类司机少，几乎肯定能拯救生命。“(have) fewer accidents than human drivers”作原因状语，have(有)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Having。 13．考查定语从句。句意：然而，在许多监管成为自动驾驶出租车障碍的地方，城市居民没什么可庆祝的。“__3__ regulation is a roadblock to self-driving taxis”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词many places，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 14．考查宾语从句。句意：一些政策制定者担心机器人出租车会撞上行人或迎面而来的车辆，还担心它们会取代人类工人，必须保护人类工人。“__4__ they will displace human workers, who must be protected”是并列宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连词that引导该从句，且不能省略。故填that。 15．考查代词。句意：然而，这些理由都站不住脚。根据后文“Consider safety first.”和“What about the job-killing effects?”可知，作者将分别驳斥上文提到的“安全问题”和“就业问题”这两个理由，即“没有哪一个理由是站得住脚的”，应用否定词neither(两者都不)。故填neither。 16．考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：监管机构要求对新技术进行测试是正确的。require意为“要求”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”，test(测试)是从句谓语动词，与主语new technology之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即(should) be tested。故填(should) be tested。 17．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：Waymo和瑞士再保险公司的一项研究发现，Waymo无人驾驶出租车每英里的财产损失索赔比人类少88%，人身伤害索赔少92%。find后的宾语从句描述研究发现的事实，应用一般现在时态，谓语动词involve(牵涉，涉及)与主语Waymo robotaxis之间是被动关系(车辆被牵涉进事故中)，故谓语用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are involved。故填are involved。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：其他公司可能很难达到这些数字，而且这些车辆迄今为止只在“容易”的城市中行驶。struggle to do sth.是固定短语，意为“努力做某事，挣扎着做某事”。故填to match。 19．考查定语从句。句意：人类司机在需求高峰时最有用，此时票价最高。“__9__ fares are highest”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peak demand，关系词将其代入定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 20．考查情态动词。句意：每辆Waymo汽车，包括所有传感器和最新软件，据说成本约为15万美元；绘图和测试可能很昂贵。根据上文“Each Waymo car, with all its sensors and the latest software, is said to cost around $150, 000”描述当前高成本的事实，由此推知，绘图和测试“可能”也很昂贵，应用情态动词can表示“可能”。故填can。 话题5 人与环境（共2篇） Passage 1 （2526 高二上・上海风华中学・期中） The Rise of Urban Gardening In recent years, a remarkable shift in lifestyle has been observed, as a growing number of city residents have begun growing their own food, 1 has led to the rising popularity of urban gardening. This movement creatively overcomes the challenges of dense urban living. Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore 2 gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills. Fundamentally, urban gardening offers a solution to 3 is widely thought of as a disconnect between modern consumers and their food source. In an age of industrialized agriculture.many city kids have little idea about how to grow food, and urban gardening can therefore serve as a vital, hands-on educational tool, bringing lessons of biology and sustainability to life. Moreover, the nutritional benefits are significant; vegetables harvested from your own garden are undeniably fresher, free from prolonged transport and storage, and often more nutritious than 4 mass-produced and bought from supermarket shelves. To foster the community spirits, some community gardens 5 (set) up in the past decade, providing invaluable shared spaces for people who lack their own patches of soil. In these collaborative gardens, urban gardeners of all backgrounds share their knowledge and harvest, 6 (strengthen) neighborhood community bonds. 7 it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population, it does undoubtedly make our cities greener, more resilient, and our daily lives healthier. With more people 8 (involve) in this rewarding trend, driven by a desire for sustainability and self-sufficiency, it’s highly likely 9 urban gardening will continue to flourish and evolve in the coming years. The future of a portion of our food, therefore, might be   10 (close) to home than we ever thought possible, taking root in the very heart of our urban landscapes. 【答案】 1．which 2．because/as/since 3．what 4．those 5．have been set 6．strengthening 7．Although/Though/While 8．involved 9．that 10．closer 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是城市园艺（Urban Gardening）的兴起及其多重价值。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：近年来，随着越来越多的城市居民开始自己种植食物，人们的生活方式发生了显著的变化，这导致了城市园艺的日益流行。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面的整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 2．考查原因状语从句。句意：城市中有限的户外空间似乎不再是一个无法解决的问题，因为园丁们在阳台、屋顶甚至放在阳光充足的室内窗台上的小容器里种植蔬菜。由前面的“Limited outdoor space in cities doesn’t seem to be an insolvable problem anymore”和后面“gardeners are cultivating vegetables on balconies, rooftops and even in small containers placed on sunny indoor windowsills”可知，前后两句话之间是因果关系，空格处意为“因为”，是because/as/since，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：从根本上说，城市园艺为人们普遍认为的现代消费者与其食物来源之间的脱节提供了一个解决方案。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“城市园艺为人们普遍认为的现代消费者与其食物来源之间的脱节提供了一个解决方案”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 4．考查代词。句意：此外，它的营养价值是显著的；不可否认，从自家菜园里收获的蔬菜更新鲜，没有长时间的运输和储存，而且往往比那些从超市货架上批量生产和购买的蔬菜更有营养。根据语境可知，句子表示“从自家菜园里收获的蔬菜更新鲜，没有长时间的运输和储存，而且往往比那些从超市货架上批量生产和购买的蔬菜更有营养”，空格处意为“那些”，为同名异物指代，用those指代前面的vegetables，故填those。 5．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：为了培养社区精神，在过去的十年里，一些社区花园被建立起来，为那些没有自己的土地的人提供了宝贵的共享空间。由in the past decade可知，时态是现在完成时，花园是被建立，因此句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语gardens是复数，因此空格处是have been set。故填have been set。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这些合作菜园中，各种背景的城市园丁分享他们的知识和收获，加强邻里社区的联系。句中谓语是share，空格处用非谓语动词，表示一种自然而然的结果，因此用现在分词作结果状语，故填strengthening。 7．考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然很明显，城市园艺不会取代大规模的传统农业来养活整个人口，但它无疑会使我们的城市更绿色，更有弹性，让我们的日常生活更健康。由“it is clear that urban gardening won’t replace large-scale traditional farming in feeding the entire population”可知，句子表示“虽然很明显，城市园艺不会取代大规模的传统农业来养活整个人口，但它无疑会使我们的城市更绿色，更有弹性，让我们的日常生活更健康”，空格处意为“虽然、尽管”，是although/though/while，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的人参与到这种有益的趋势中来，在可持续发展和自给自足的愿望的推动下，城市园艺很可能在未来几年继续蓬勃发展。此处是with复合结构，people和involve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填involved。 9．考查主语从句。句意：随着越来越多的人参与到这种有益的趋势中来，在可持续发展和自给自足的愿望的推动下，城市园艺很可能在未来几年继续蓬勃发展。it’s highly likely that...是固定句型，意为“很可能……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，故填that。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，我们的一部分食物的未来，可能比我们想象的更接近我们的家园，在我们城市景观的中心扎根。由than可知，空格处用形容词比较级closer，故填closer。 Passage 2 （2526 高二上・上海同济第一附中・期中） Pumee Boontom lives in northern Thailand, but he tunes his television to the Chinese weather forecast. A big storm in southern China 11 (mean) a big release of water from the Chinese dams upstream(上游) — and, in turn, a good chance that his village will be flooded. The Chinese government is supposed 12 (warn) downstream countries, 13 in Boontom’s experience, that warning tends to arrive too late or not at all. Boontom is the leader of Ban Pak Ing, a village on the west bank of the Mekong (湄公河). Twenty years ago, like many of his neighbors, Boontom caught fish for a living. But as China completed one, then two, and then seven dams upstream, the few hundred residents of Ban Pak Ing saw the Mekong change. The sudden rise and fall in water levels interfere with fish migration and spawning (洄游和产卵). 14 the village has protected local spawning grounds, there are no longer enough fish to go around. In recent years Boontom and many others here 15 (sell) their fishing boats and switched to farming corn, tobacco, and beans. It’s a risky living, and not the one they know best — and this life is 16 (challenge) because of the frequent flooding. Ban Pak Ing may be a vision of the future for many Mekong villages. Five more dams are 17 construction in China. Downstream, in Laos and Cambodia (老挝和柬埔寨), 11 major dams are either proposed or already being built. By disturbing fish migration and spawning, the new dams 18 (expect) to threaten the food supply of an estimated 60 million people, most of 19 live in villages much like Ban Pak Ing. The electric power 20 (generate) by the lower Mekong dams is mainly for booming urban centers in Thailand and Vietnam. 【答案】 11．means 12．to warn 13．but 14．Although/Though/While 15．have sold 16．challenging 17．under 18．are expected 19．whom 20．generated 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了湄公河流域大坝建设对下游地区的影响。 【详解】11．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国南部的一场大暴雨意味着上游中国大坝将大量放水——反过来，他的村庄很可能会被洪水淹没。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语A big storm 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填means。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。固定搭配be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”，此处用动词不定式作主语补足语，故填to warn。 13．考查连词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom 的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。前半句“应该警告”与后半句“警告太晚或没有”之间是转折关系，故填but。 14．考查连词。句意：尽管该村保护了当地的产卵场，但鱼的数量已经不足以分配了。前半句“保护产卵场”与后半句“鱼不够”之间是让步关系，Although/Though/While（三者均可表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句）。首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 15．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，Boontom和这里的许多人卖掉了他们的渔船，转而种植玉米、烟草和豆类。根据时间状 In recent years 可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；主语Boontom and many others 是复数，谓语动词用have + 过去分词，sell 的过去分词是 sold，故填have sold。 16．考查形容词。句意：这是一种危险的生活，而且不是他们最熟悉的——由于频繁的洪水，这种生活充满了挑战。此处作系动词 is 的表语，需用形容词形式；challenge的形容词为 challenging（意为“具有挑战性的”），修饰事物，符合语境，故填challenging。 17．考查介词。句意：中国还有五座大坝正在建设中。固定搭配 under construction 意为“在建设中”，故填 under。 18．考查动词时态和语态。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语 the new dams与expect 之间是被动关系（大坝被预计），需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，故填are expected。 19．考查定语从句。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是 60 million people，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用whom。故填whom。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：湄公河下游大坝产生的电力主要供应给泰国和越南蓬勃发展的城市中心。此处修饰名词The electric power，generate与power 之间是被动关系（电力被产生），用过去分词作定语，故填generated。 本文介绍了网络爆火的 AI 生成短视频《雪山救狐狸》。网友脑洞大开改编出各式各样的版本，还有官方账号玩梗，将这个梗运用于防诈骗、安全提示等公益宣传。 【新素材·AI 生成短视频《雪山救狐狸》】A short AI-generated video, Snowy Fox Rescue, recently 1.____________(become) a huge hit on Chinese social media. Created by a netizen just days ago, the video 2.____________(feature) funny lines like: "Have you ever rescued a fox in the snowy mountains?" and "I am not a fox - I am that sauce duck!" Its style reminded many people of classic Shaw Brothers martial arts films(武侠片). 3.____________(surprise), this short clip started a wave of creativity and 4.____________ (view) over 5 billion times Soon, netizens began making their own versions. They changed the story 5.____________ wild ways - replacing the fox with things like snowy mountains, fermented bean juice, or even bacteria. Some made Cantonese-dubbed(粵语配音) videos that paid tribute to(致敬) Hong Kong cinema, while 6.____________created mini war scenes with rocket launchers and nuclear bombs. One popular version told the story from the sauce duck's point of view, 7.____________(show) how it turned from a simple ingredient into a brave avenger(复仇者). The trend soon grew beyond individual creators. Many 8.____________(office) accounts joined in, using the meme for public service messages about fraud prevention(防诈骗) and safety tips. As the short videos spread, theme songs, serialized stories, and even videos from sauce duck producers appeared. They connected different clips into a 9.____________(large) story. Popular topics trended widely, along with playful warnings like "10.____________ (what) you do, don't rescue a fox in the snowy mountains. 【答案】 1．means  2．to warn  3．but  4．Although/Though/While  5．have sold 6．challenging  7．under  8．are expected  9．whom  10．generated 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了湄公河流域大坝建设对下游地区的影响。 【详解】1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国南部的一场大暴雨意味着上游中国大坝将大量放水——反过来，他的村庄很可能会被洪水淹没。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语A big storm 是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填means。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。固定搭配be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”，此处用动词不定式作主语补足语，故填to warn。 3．考查连词。句意：中国政府本应警告下游国家，但根据Boontom 的经验，这种警告往往来得太晚或根本没有。前半句“应该警告”与后半句“警告太晚或没有”之间是转折关系，故填but。 4．考查连词。句意：尽管该村保护了当地的产卵场，但鱼的数量已经不足以分配了。前半句“保护产卵场”与后半句“鱼不够”之间是让步关系，Although/Though/While（三者均可表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句），句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 5．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，Boontom和这里的许多人卖掉了他们的渔船，转而种植玉米、烟草和豆类。根据时间状语 In recent years 可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；主语Boontom and many others 是复数，谓语动词用have + 过去分词，sell 的过去分词是 sold，故填have sold。 6．考查形容词。句意：这是一种危险的生活，而且不是他们最熟悉的——由于频繁的洪水，这种生活充满了挑战。此处作系动词 is 的表语，需用形容词形式；challenge的形容词为 challenging（意为“具有挑战性的”），修饰事物，符合语境，故填challenging。 7．考查介词。句意：中国还有五座大坝正在建设中。固定搭配 under construction 意为“在建设中”，故填 under。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时；主语 the new dams与expect 之间是被动关系（大坝被预计），需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，故填are expected。 9．考查定语从句。句意：通过干扰鱼类洄游和产卵，新大坝预计将威胁约6000万人的粮食供应，其中大多数人生活在与Ban Pak Ing 非常相似的村庄里。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是 60 million people，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，用whom。故填whom。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：湄公河下游大坝产生的电力主要供应给泰国和越南蓬勃发展的城市中心。此处修饰名词The electric power，generate与power 之间是被动关系（电力被产生），用过去分词作定语，故填generated。 本文是一篇人物记叙文，讲述国际象棋天才少女 Bodhana Sivanandan 的故事。 【新素材·国际象棋天才少女】At the age of 11, Bodhana Sivanandan made chess history. It was at the 46th FIDE Chess Olympiad in Samarkand 1____ she earned her final norm for the Woman Grandmaster title. Representing England, she scored eight points from 11 games while 2____ (play) on the top board. Bodhana first discovered chess 3____ the COVID-19 lockdowns. When she was five, a family friend left a gift bag at her home, inside 4____ was a chessboard. 5____ (fascinate) by the unusually-shaped pieces, she set out 6____ (learn) the game mainly through online videos. No one in her family was a serious chess player, yet her 7____ (determine) and talent soon stood out. At 10 years, five months and three days old, she beat grandmaster Peter Wells and set 8____ a new record. Later, she met several world-class 9____ (play) and won against some of them, including one with a rating above 2600. She is still a full-time student and says chess teaches her how to think 10____ (logical). When interviewed, the young prodigy said she would not stop chasing bigger goals: "I want to keep making history." 【答案】 1．that  2．playing  3．during  4．which  5．Fascinated   6．to learn  7．determination  8．a  9．players  10．logically 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了国际象棋天才少女Bodhana Sivanandan，她年少成才，11岁取得女子国际象棋特级大师资格，凭借决心和天赋在棋坛不断创造佳绩。 【详解】 1．考查强调句型。句意：正是在撒马尔罕举办的第46届国际棋联国际象棋奥赛上，她拿到了女子特级大师称号的最后一个标准分。本句为强调句型 It was…that…，被强调部分是地点状语at the 46th FIDE Chess Olympiad in Samarkand，故填that。 2．考查状语从句省略。句意：她代表英国，坐镇第一台，11局比赛拿到8分。while引导时间状语从句，从句完整形式为while (she was) playing，从句主语与主句主语一致，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，使用现在分词作时间状语。故填playing。 3．考查介词。句意：Bodhana是在新冠疫情封控期间初次接触到国际象棋。介词during表示“在……期间”，during the COVID‑19 lockdowns 在新冠疫情封锁期间。故填during。 4．考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意：她五岁的时候，家里的一位朋友送来一个礼品袋，袋子里面放着一副棋盘。先行词a gift bag，inside which = inside the gift bag，“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 5．考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：被造型奇特的棋子深深吸引，她主要依靠网上视频着手学习这项棋类运动。逻辑主语she和fascinate之间是被动关系，be fascinated by“被……所吸引”，过去分词作原因状语；句首首字母大写。故填Fascinated。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：被造型奇特的棋子深深吸引，她主要依靠网上视频着手学习这项棋类运动。固定搭配 set out to do sth. 着手、开始做某事，不定式作目的状语。故填to learn。 7．考查词性转换。句意：她家没有人是专业棋手，但她的决心和天赋很快就展露无遗。形容词性物主代词her后面需要接名词；determine（动词，下决心）的名词形式为determination（决心，不可数名词），和talent并列作句子主语。故填determination。 8．考查冠词。句意：在10岁5个月零3天大的时候，她战胜特级大师Peter Wells，创造了一项新纪录。固定短语 set a new record，意为“创造一项新纪录”。故填a。 9．考查名词复数。句意：后来，她和数名世界级棋手交手，并且战胜了其中一部分人，包括一位等级分超过2600分的棋手。several（几个）后面接可数名词复数；play动词，“下棋”，名词player表示“选手，棋手”，复数形式players。故填players。 10．考查副词。句意：她仍然是一名全日制学生，她说国际象棋教会她如何进行逻辑思考。修饰动词think要使用副词；logical形容词“合乎逻辑的”，副词形式logically“逻辑地”。故填logically。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $