2026-2027学年人教版高三上学期英语10月学情检测练习题（三）

2026-2027届高三10月学情检测练习题（三） · 答案与解析 第二部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（21–35） A篇（格拉斯哥地铁通告 / Glasgow Subway Notice） 21. 【答案】D　【解析】细节理解题。根据通告信息，成人单程票（Single Adult）票价为 £1.80，且地铁为环线，单张车票即可完成一次乘车，故“成人一程车票仅需 £1.80”与通告相符，选 D。其余三项均与通告不符：A 项“地铁是市内唯一的出行方式”文中并未提及；B 项“全天任何时段均每 4 分钟一班”忽略了停运时段；C 项将“15 站 / 约 24 分钟一圈”错写为“24 站 / 15 分钟”。 22. 【答案】B　【解析】细节理解题。通告显示工作日 St Enoch 站 Inner Circle 方向首班车为 06:32（Outer Circle 为 06:34），而周日首班为 10:00 / 10:03。要在工作日早晨尽早抵达 Kelvinbridge，应搭乘最早的 06:32 列车，选 B。 23. 【答案】C　【解析】推理计算题。一对夫妇即两名成人，购 All-day 全天票 £4.30×2 = £8.60；15 岁少年按儿童票（under 16）购 All-day £2.15；新生儿 under 5 随付费成人免费。为“最大化地铁体验”应选购全天票，合计 £8.60 + £2.15 = £10.75，选 C。 B篇（Kathy Xu 与 The Dorsal Effect 生态旅游） 24. 【答案】D　【解析】细节理解题。第一段写道“the then 29-year-old was so inspired by its beauty and grace that tears sprang to her eyes inside her snorkel mask”，即她被鲸鲨之美深深打动、面罩里涌出泪水，故第一次在野外遇到鲨鱼时是“深受触动（Deeply touched）”而非害怕或好奇，选 D。 25. 【答案】C　【解析】细节理解题。第四段说明浮潜者付费探索“places that the local fishermen know about but could not be found on a Google search”，即这些地点只有当地渔民知晓、谷歌搜不到，属“仅本地渔民熟悉的隐蔽去处（hidden spots familiar solely to native fishermen）”，选 C。 26. 【答案】B　【解析】主旨大意题。全文讲述 Kathy Xu 受触动后创办生态旅游项目 The Dorsal Effect，既为渔民提供比鲨鱼捕捞更可靠的收入，又推动鲨鱼保护，核心即“一项旨在遏制鲨鱼捕猎的创意旅游项目（a creative tourism project aimed at curbing shark hunting）”，选 B。 27. 【答案】C　【解析】推理判断题。第四段指出 The Dorsal Effect 为渔民提供了“much more reliable income ... than the unstable and often dangerous job of shark fishing”，第五段又提到渔民“now have a new way to earn an income”，可见参与项目的渔民获得了比鲨鱼捕捞更稳定可靠的谋生方式，选 C；A“被政府强迫放弃捕鲨”、B“对当地珊瑚礁毫无兴趣”、D“在 Xu 到来前已受训为专业导游”均与文意不符。 C篇（The Odyssey 与口头诗传统） 28. 【答案】B　【解析】写作目的题。文章从《奥德赛》篇幅之巨切入，介绍其口头创作、吟游诗人（rhapsodes）、作者荷马的不确定性、核心主题（诸神之怒、hubris、xenia）与“in medias res”结构，并点明“阅读前最好有些背景”，整体旨在为阅读《奥德赛》提供背景知识，选 B。 29. 【答案】C　【解析】细节理解题。第三段写道吟游诗人“employed a steady meter along with mnemonic devices like repetition of memorized passages or set pieces”来现场吟诵长篇史诗，即借助记忆辅助手段口头表演，选 C；A“发明希腊字母”、B“完全凭空创作”、D“只有他们能听诗”均与文意不符。 30. 【答案】A　【解析】词义猜测题。第四段以“their hubris, or excessive pride”直接给出解释，hubris 即“过度的骄傲（excessive pride）”，选 A。 31. 【答案】B　【解析】推理判断题。第五段介绍古希腊的待客之道 xenia（主人提供安全与食物、客人以礼相报），并指出它在《奥德赛》中扮演重要角色（Odysseus 是 perpetual guest，妻子 Penelope 在家待客），意在展示诗篇中反映的一种文化价值观，选 B。 D篇（Unexpected Interruptions 可提升创造力） 32. 【答案】D　【解析】细节理解题。第二段指出停工四天的 8,500 名员工返岗三周后“produced 58% more ideas than uninterrupted employees did”，且“ideas were higher quality”（经理评分高约三个百分点），即他们归来后提出更多且更高质量的创意（generated more and higher-quality ideas upon return），选 D。 33. 【答案】B　【解析】推理判断题。第三段以洪水为例说明“切换到新任务会降低创造力”，末段以 attention residue（注意力残留）解释：创造力取决于对原任务的注意力是否仍在延续，即“创造力是否出现，取决于有多少注意力仍停留在先前任务上（how much focus lingers on the prior task）”，选 B。 34. 【答案】B　【解析】推理判断题。末段指出“our research doesn't suggest it will improve your creativity at work”，并解释原因：长假让人“totally disengage”（如 a long vacation），不再保留 attention residue（注意力残留），因而无法获得同样的灵感突破，即长假因注意力完全脱离原任务而无助于提升创造力，选 B；A“最可靠地恢复创意精力”、C“与意外中断效果相同”、D“帮助归来员工产出更高质量创意”（属停工四天员工的发现）均错。 35. 【答案】C　【解析】推理判断题。首段结论“Unexpected Interruptions Can Boost Creativity”，末段又以“extended weekends / 长假期”不会带来创意提升作为反例，故“工作中短暂而意外的停顿（a brief, unplanned pause during work）”最可能激发创造力，选 C。 第二节　七选五（36–40） 【答案】36. F　37. B　38. C　39. D　40. A　（多余项：E、G） 36. 【答案】F　【解析】首句设空，前文举例“重复‘我是个可爱的人’之类的积极话语”，F“Positive chants like this are set to boost a person's mood and feelings of self-worth（此类积极口号旨在提升情绪与自我价值感）”中 this 指代前句口号，衔接自然，并引出后文对“毒性积极情绪”的转折。 37. 【答案】B　【解析】第二段讲历史上（工业革命以来）人们回避负面情绪的文化与科学原因，B“我们回避人性中阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”总领全段，与后文“Beginning in the industrial revolution…”呼应。 38. 【答案】C　【解析】第三段段末设空，前文说我们给愤怒、内疚等负面情绪贴上“坏”的标签，C“当体验到它们时，我们会变得消沉、困扰或消极”解释贴标签的原因，顺承上文。 39. 【答案】D　【解析】第四段讲乐观与悲观都会增加死亡风险，D“忽视负面情绪也被发现有害心理健康”以 also 递进，延续“危害”主题，与段首“positivity has its limits”相承。 40. 【答案】A　【解析】末段讲要允许自己与不舒服的情绪共处，A“我们需要接纳它们，视其为人类经验的正常部分”中 them 指代 uncomfortable emotions，并引出后文“管理的要义不在评判，而在体验”。多余项 E（鼓励注入积极情绪）与 G（更易把正常情绪视为需治疗的精神问题）均未入选。 第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节　完形填空（41–55） 【答案】41. A　42. C　43. C　44. B　45. A　46. C　47. B　48. A　49. D　50. B　51. D　52. A　53. B　54. D　55. C 41. 【答案】A　【解析】形容词辨析。poor 意为“糟糕的”，与首句 infamous（臭名昭著）及后文“明知电影难看仍看完”的例证呼应，指基于无法收回的投入而坚持“糟糕的”财务决策。 42. 【答案】C　【解析】动词辨析。hated 意为“讨厌、不喜欢”，由后文“just to justify the cost of the ticket”可知是坚持看完一部“从一开始就讨厌”的电影，选 C。 43. 【答案】C　【解析】动词辨析。continue 意为“继续”，Similarly 提示与上文平行：为了让会费不浪费，即使受伤也“继续”去健身房，选 C。 44. 【答案】B　【解析】形容词辨析。logical 意为“合乎逻辑的”，前文说投入收不回来却继续投入是非理性的，故“这正是不合逻辑之处”，选 B。 45. 【答案】A　【解析】介词短语辨析。on a larger scale 意为“在更大规模上”，后文举化石燃料、气候预测等全球层面事例，属“更大规模”的体现，选 A。 46. 【答案】C　【解析】名词辨析。alternatives 意为“替代品”，despite 表转折，与 fossil fuels 相对的是“日益可得的能源替代品”，选 C。 47. 【答案】B　【解析】名词辨析。psychology 意为“心理学”，后文探讨“reduce waste 的欲望”等心理动机，说明沉没成本效应属于心理学范畴，选 B。 48. 【答案】A　【解析】动词短语辨析。pinned down 意为“确切解释、确定”，由“studied time and time again”与 still 的转折可知原因尚未被完全“确定”，选 A。 49. 【答案】D　【解析】动词辨析。blame 意为“归咎于”，后文“We dislike to see ourselves or others as wasteful”是对原因的解释，即把效应“归咎于”减少浪费的欲望，选 D。 50. 【答案】B　【解析】形容词辨析。real 意为“实际的”，由 mental bank account 的比喻可知投入的是“实际”的金钱、时间与精力，故选 B。 51. 【答案】D　【解析】名词辨析。goals 意为“目标”，后文“like becoming more fit or finishing a degree”都是想要实现的“目标”，选 D。 52. 【答案】A　【解析】动词辨析。anchored 意为“使固定、束缚”，be anchored to past decisions 指“被无法改变的决定所束缚”，与 beneficial 不再成立相呼应，选 A。 53. 【答案】B　【解析】动词辨析。honoring 意为“尊重、兑现”，honor the effort… others have invested 指“尊重他人为我们付出的努力/时间/金钱”，选 B。 54. 【答案】D　【解析】动词辨析。struggling 意为“挣扎、苦苦支撑”，Don't feel too bad 与后文专家都难以克服相呼应，指仍“在困境中挣扎”，选 D。 55. 【答案】C　【解析】形容词辨析。irresistible 意为“不可抗拒的”，由前文普通人挣扎、专家也难克服可知这种现象“极其普遍且难以抗拒”，选 C。 第二节　语法填空（56–65） 【答案】56. the　57. rarely　58. to monitor　59. is　60. before　61. has overseen　62. chemicals　63. beating　64. ecological　65. whose 56. 【答案】the　【解析】考查冠词。"Kapok King" 为特指称号，专有名词前用定冠词 the。 57. 【答案】rarely　【解析】考查词性转换（形→副）。rare 的副词形式 rarely 意为“很少、难得”，在此修饰动词 survive，说明这种树“很少能活过一个世纪”，符合前文“miracle of nature”的语境。 58. 【答案】to monitor　【解析】考查非谓语动词。employ sth. to do sth. 为固定搭配“使用某物做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 59. 【答案】is　【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。if 引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，主语 the wood 为不可数名词，谓语用单数 is。 60. 【答案】before　【解析】考查连词。句意“这能帮助我们在为时已晚之前加固树木”，表“在……之前”用 before。 61. 【答案】has overseen　【解析】考查时态。时间状语 Since 2009 提示用现在完成时；主语 Wang 单数，助动词用 has，oversee 的过去分词为 overseen。 62. 【答案】chemicals　【解析】考查名词。chemical 作“化学药品”讲时为可数名词，此处表泛指用复数 chemicals。 63. 【答案】beating　【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词 of 后接动名词作宾语；one 与 beat 之间为主动关系，用 beating（一物降一物）。 64. 【答案】ecological　【解析】考查词性转换（名→形）。ecology 的形容词形式 ecological 修饰名词 balance，ecological balance 意为“生态平衡”，对应前文 biological control 保护生态环境的理念。 65. 【答案】whose　【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 family member，关系词在从句中作定语修饰 well-being，用 whose。 第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节　应用文写作（范文，约80词） Dear Peter, When it comes to traditional Chinese festivals, the Spring Festival comes to my mind. Motivated by your invitation to present a video for Chinese Culture Week, I'm writing to outline my ideas. My video will open with scenes of family members decorating doors with red couplets, which symbolize welcoming good fortune. I will then capture the moment of elders handing out red envelopes to children, representing blessings and happiness. These clips will offer your schoolmates an authentic glimpse into how we celebrate the most important occasion of the year. What do you think of this plan? I'd appreciate your feedback. Yours, Li Hua 【写作点拨】三段式覆盖两点要求：①选定节日（the Spring Festival）；②视频内容（贴春联、发红包，象征迎福与祝福）。时态以一般现在时为主，开头用过去分词短语 Motivated by… 作原因状语；亮点表达 comes to my mind、authentic glimpse、appreciate your feedback。词数约 80。 第二节　读后续写（范文，约150词） Paragraph 1: After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan. I decided to fix up the old boat. The boat didn't fall apart, and the paint had faded and cracked. We spent several weekends repairing and painting the boat. I replaced the faded and cracked seat cushions while my friends repaired the motor. We expected Papa to be proud of the boat as he and Ralph went out on the lake again. Tired as we were, we were happy to complete the restoration. I wouldn't let off the secret until Papa's birthday. Paragraph 2: On the day of Papa's birthday, we were all eager to give him a surprise. He could hardly believe his eyes when we showed him the new boat. Then we said "Happy birthday" to him in chorus, and he was so touched that tears blurred his eyes. After that, we put sandwiches and dog biscuits on it while Mama also bought Papa a new hat. Soon, we all stood by the lake and watched as Papa and Ralph sailed away, Papa waving and laughing. Seeing him so happy, I felt that everything I did for him was rewarding. 【写作点拨】两段首句已给定。Para 1 承接“妈妈同意后”，描写秘密修船的经过（补漆、换座垫、修马达）与完工的满足；Para 2 写入园惊喜、父亲感动落泪及出海画面，并以“Seeing him so happy… rewarding”升华。要点：情绪递进自然、细节具体、主题句收尾；词数约 150。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027届高三10月学情检测练习题（三） 英 语 （考试时间100分钟 满分120分） 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Going underground? The Subway is the easiest way to get around the City Centre and West End of Glasgow. Running every four minutes at peak times, it takes just 24 minutes to complete a circuit of the 15 stations and costs from as little as £1.80 for an adult single to travel anywhere else on the system. First Trains Last Trains Outer Circle Mon. to Sat. Sun. Outer Circle Mon. to Sat. Sun. From Govan 06:30 10:00 From Govan 23:16 17:50 From St Enoch 06:34 10:03 From St Enoch 23:30 18:03 Inner Circle Mon. to Sat. Sun. Inner Circle Mon. to Sat. Sun. From Govan 06:30 10:00 From Govan 23:16 17:50 From St Enoch 06:32 10:00 From St Enoch 23:28 18:00 Subway tickets Type Adult Child** * unlimited travel for one day ** Applies to children under 16 years old. Children under five travel for free if accompanied by a fare paying adult. Single £1.80 £0.85 Return £3.40 £1.60 All day* £4.30 £2.15 21. Based on the notice board, which of the following statements is factually correct? A. The metro constitutes the sole means of transport available within the city. B. Trains are scheduled to depart at four-minute intervals around the clock. C. An entire journey of 24 stations takes 15 minutes. D. An adult ticket for a full circuit costs only £1.80. 22. To reach Kelvinbridge as early as possible on a weekday morning, a passenger should board the first train departing from St Enoch at ____________. A. 6:40 B. 6:32 C. 7:10 D. 10:03 23. A couple visiting Glasgow for a single day with a 15-year-old and a newborn can make the best use of the subway by paying a total of ____________. A. £7.50 B. £9.85 C. £10.75 D. £12.90 B Kathy Xu had always wanted to see a shark in the wild. The opportunity finally came in 2011, when she went on a snorkelling trip (浮潜之旅). Not only was she not scared of the whale shark, the then 29-year-old was so inspired by its beauty and grace that tears sprang to her eyes inside her snorkel mask. After returning home to Singapore, Xu learned about the shark trade taking place at one of Indonesia's largest fish markets, where shark parts including meat and teeth are cut up for export, with the fins being the most prized. Curious, Xu packed her bags and headed to Tanjung Luar, on the island of Lombok. There, she spoke with several fishermen. Shark fishing is risky and involves hard physical work, but it is one of the few ways for them to provide for their families. The fishermen were knowledgeable and felt a great sense of pride for the local sea life. Once they heard that Xu liked to snorkel, they urged her to visit the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) near the fish market. The reefs were breathtaking, overflowing with life and colour. Xu was confident that ecotourism was the solution. "I told them I'd pay them to take tourists out to see these snorkelling hotspots," she says. In late 2012, Xu quit her full-time teaching job to focus on building The Dorsal Effect. In late 2013, The Dorsal Effect launched its first boat trip. Snorkellers paid $120 for a one-day excursion to explore places that the local fishermen know about but could not be found on a Google search. It provides a much more reliable income for the fishermen than the unstable and often dangerous job of shark fishing. For now, Xu, 41, is proud of the small changes she sees happening on Lombok, from the fishermen who now have a new way to earn an income to the school children who learn about sharks on tours with The Dorsal Effect. In the past decade, global demand for shark fins has declined — a promising result of conservation campaigns — but stricter government regulation is needed. 24. What was Kathy Xu's emotional reaction upon first encountering a shark in its natural habitat? A. Frightened. B. Interested. C. Sorrowful. D. Deeply touched. 25. What set the snorkeling spots arranged by Xu's team apart from ordinary tourist destinations? A. Only seasoned divers could reach them. B. They appeared on well-known travel booking sites. C. They were hidden spots familiar solely to native fishermen. D. They were conservation zones with limited entry. 26. Which statement best captures the central theme of the text? A. a sustainable lifestyle adopted by fishers around the globe B. a creative tourism project aimed at curbing shark hunting C. a personal shift from a hobbyist swimmer to a sea-life scientist D. a profitable scheme merging protection with classroom teaching 27. What can be inferred about the fishermen working with The Dorsal Effect? A. They were forced to abandon shark fishing by the government. B. They showed little interest in the local coral reefs. C. They gained a more reliable way to make a living. D. They were trained as professional tour guides before Xu arrived. C The Odyssey — a 12,000-line poem spanning years of ancient Greek myth and legend — is far more than a single adventure story. How do we make sense of such a massive text from a world so far away in time? The fact that we can read it at all is remarkable, for it was composed before the Greek alphabet appeared in the 8th century BCE. Made for listeners rather than readers, it was performed by oral poets called rhapsodes. Tradition names a blind man, Homer, as its author, yet no one knows whether he was real or legendary; the poems attributed to him seem to have been revised by many hands before being written down. The word "rhapsode" means "stitcher," as these poets wove existing stories, jokes, and songs into one narrative. To recite such huge epics live, they used a steady meter and mnemonic devices — repeated passages and lists of characters — much as a song's chorus helps us recall the next verse. Because audiences knew the tales well, sections were often heard out of order until the version we read today was fixed. Background helps, too. The Odyssey is a sequel to Homer's Iliad, the story of the Trojan War. If one theme unites both, it is this: never incur the wrath of the gods. The Greek pantheon mixed divine power with human insecurity, quick to jealousy and grudges. Many troubles in the poems spring from hubris — excessive pride — in thinking oneself above the gods. So strong was the desire to please them that Greeks welcomed strangers generously, fearing a god in disguise. This code of hospitality, xenia, required hosts to offer safety and food, and guests to return courtesy. In the Odyssey, the wandering Odysseus is the perpetual guest, while his wife Penelope tirelessly plays host at home. The poem opens in medias res: ten years after Troy, we find Odysseus trapped on an island, far from Ithaca and the family he has not seen for twenty years. Having blinded the cyclops son of the sea god Poseidon, his journey home has been one mishap after another. Yet the 24-book epic, like its hero, has made its own long voyage through centuries of myth to reach us. 28. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To argue that Homer was a historical figure. B. To introduce the background needed to read The Odyssey. C. To compare Greek and modern storytelling. D. To criticize the uncertainty of oral tradition. 29. What can be learned about rhapsodes from the passage? A. They invented the Greek alphabet to record poems. B. They composed the epics entirely from their own imagination. C. They performed long poems aloud using memory aids. D. They were the only ones allowed to listen to the poems. 30. What does the underlined word "hubris" in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Excessive pride. B. Deep fear. C. Religious devotion. D. Physical strength. 31. Why does the author mention "xenia" in the passage? A. To explain how Odysseus finally returned home. B. To show a cultural value reflected in the poem. C. To describe the food of ancient Greece. D. To prove that gods often visited humans in disguise. D When a fire at a supplier's factory forced a temporary shutdown at the plant of a large European manufacturer of consumer goods, Tim Schweisfurth and his colleagues at the Technical University of Munich found a surprising upside: The idleness (闲散) led to an outpouring of ideas for improvements. The conclusion: Unexpected Interruptions Can Boost Creativity. We discovered this when we looked at the online system the company used to collect plant workers' ideas and suggestions. People could enter submissions whenever they were on-site. Some proposed small changes, like replacing worn tools; others, major ones, such as a new paint-ordering system that saved the firm €280,000 a year. The 8,500 employees in the part of the plant that shut down were sent home for four days. In the three weeks after they returned to work, they produced 58% more ideas than uninterrupted employees did. In addition, their ideas were higher quality: Managers rated the accepted submissions and determined that those from sidelined employees were roughly three percentage points better than those from other workers. We also studied an unexpected interruption at the plant that didn't lead to idle time: a flood that required employees to clean up the damage. That incident lowered creative performance because workers had to switch their attention to the new task. A similar thing happens when your focus immediately shifts after a social media app beeps to signal a new post. There are many good reasons to take a vacation, but our research doesn't suggest it will improve your creativity at work, because it wouldn't be an unexpected interruption. When we looked at a third kind of interruption — extended weekends — we found no increase in suggestions after people returned. We think the reason has to do with so-called attention residue: the sweet spot for creativity. It's when our minds keep thinking over something important even after we've moved on to another activity. When we do something that lets us totally disengage, such as a long vacation, we don't experience the same attention residue, so we don't get the same breakthroughs. 32. What was discovered about workers who went through a four-day plant closure? A. Their creative output dropped sharply. B. They mainly handed in small tool-related proposals. C. The majority of their proposals won managerial approval. D. They generated more and higher-quality ideas upon return. 33. What conclusion regarding unforeseen disruptions can be drawn from the research? A. Having spare time harms the birth of new ideas. B. Whether creativity appears hinges on how much focus lingers on the prior task. C. Creativity is fixed by a person's level of concentration. D. Workers become more inventive when confronting a difficulty. 34. What does the research suggest about taking a long vacation in terms of creativity? A. It is the most reliable way to restore creative energy. B. It fails to lift creativity because the mind fully disengages from the task. C. It produces benefits identical to those of an unexpected interruption. D. It helps returning workers produce higher-quality ideas. 35. Which of the following circumstances is most likely to enhance creativity? A. A long weekend spent at home. B. A five-day prearranged tour to a beauty spot. C. A brief, unplanned pause during work. D. An unanticipated job-related task. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Escaping "Toxic Positivity" Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as "I'm a lovable person". 36________ However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found "toxic positivity" — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage. 37________ Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn't consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health. It isn't surprising that we want to believe things will turn out better if we have a positive attitude. After all, there is a growing body of research indicating that an optimistic outlook on life does have benefits, such as promoting physical health, boosting energy, and reducing stress. It also isn't surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant. 38________ Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that positivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with more than 217,000 participants investigated the link between optimism, pessimism and mortality. It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with a lower risk of death. However, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. 39________ How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions. 40________ The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. A. We need to accept them as a normal part of human experience. B. Our tendency to avoid the darker aspects of human experience isn't new. C. When we experience them, we can become consumed, disturbed or inactive. D. Neglecting negative emotions is also found to be harmful to our mental health. E. They urge us to inject a bit of positive emotion into our day to gain the benefits. F. Positive chants like this are set to boost a person's mood and feelings of self-worth. G. We are more likely to perceive normal emotions as mental problems needing treatment. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In economics, the sunk cost effect is infamous. It occurs whenever we double down on 41________ financial decisions based on past investments that can't be recovered. Marketing professor Christopher Olivola points to a few ways that the sunk cost effect is tied to your wallet. You might sit through the entirety of a movie that you 42________ from the beginning, for instance, if only to justify the cost of the ticket. Similarly, you might 43________ hitting the gym, even after sustaining a painful injury, if your expensive membership is nonrefundable. "But what is happening in all these situations is that you're not really getting back that money, or whatever it is you invested," says Olivola. "That's part of why it's not 44________." The sunk cost effect can play out 45________ too. Researchers have tied the same faulty reasoning to ongoing investments in fossil fuels, despite increasingly available energy 46________ and alarming climate predictions. The 47________ of the sunk cost effect is a phenomenon that's been studied time and time again. But researchers still haven't quite 48________ the reason humans keep falling for it. Based on his own research, Olivola tends to 49________ our desire to reduce waste. "We dislike to see ourselves or others as wasteful," he says. Another possible reason? We tend to open up a mental "bank account" whenever we invest money, time, or effort into something, he says. Subsequently, the only way we can then "close" this account is by getting our 50________ money's worth. In certain circumstances, the sunk cost effect could actually help you achieve major 51________ like becoming more fit or finishing a degree. But if you find yourself 52________ to past decisions you can't change, the sunk cost effect is no longer beneficial. How, then, do we overcome this mindset? When it comes to 53________ the effort, time, or money others have invested in us, it's important to remember that our friends and family members don't actually want us to suffer at their expense. Don't feel too bad if you still find yourself 54________. Even for Olivola, who has spent more than two decades studying these sorts of things, the sunk cost phenomenon can still be 55________. "So, you know, if you can overcome it, you're better than me," he adds. 41. A. poor B. impulsive C. sensible D. uncertain 42. A. enjoyed B. reviewed C. hated D. followed 43. A. delay B. skip C. continue D. envision 44. A. natural B. logical C. primitive D. formal 45. A. on a larger scale B. from a stricter theoretical view C. on a daily routine basis D. with stronger force 46. A. statistics B. consumptions C. alternatives D. reserves 47. A. finance B. psychology C. biology D. sociology 48. A. pinned down B. responded to C. put forward D. reflected on 49. A. manage B. examine C. use D. blame 50. A. private B. real C. foreign D. symbolic 51. A. discoveries B. reforms C. victories D. goals 52. A. anchored B. resisted C. guided D. used 53. A. defining B. honoring C. ignoring D. regretting 54. A. advancing B. shifting C. failing D. struggling 55. A. indifferent B. weak C. irresistible D. unique 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every spring, the 356-year-old kapok tree (木棉树) in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall flowers, capturing the hearts of locals. Known as 56________ "Kapok King", it is a miracle of nature, as these trees 57________ (rare) survive past a century in the wild. Its long life is due to the constant care and attention from an expert team. Led by Wang Yongyue, the team employs advanced technologies 58________ (monitor) the tree's health. They use CT scans to map roots up to seven or eight meters deep. "We also strike nails in the wood to create sound waves," Wang explains. "If the wood 59________ (be) hollow or decayed (腐烂的) inside, the speed of the sound changes. This helps us strengthen the tree 60________ it's too late." Since 2009, Wang 61________ (oversee) quarterly check-ups, with a critical focus on managing harmful insects. Instead of relying on strong 62________ (chemical), the team practices biological control. Bi Keke, a lab expert, describes releasing natural enemies to hunt them. "It is a story of one 63________ (beat) another in nature," he notes, highlighting how this approach keeps the environment 64________ (ecology) balanced. To the citizens of Guangzhou, this tree is more than a plant; it is a beloved family member 65________ well-being connects the city's past and future. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter发来邮件邀请你制作一段3分钟的视频，介绍中国某个传统节日，助力其学校“中国文化周”展示。请你给他回信。内容包括： 1. 你选定的节日； 2. 说明你要制作的视频内容。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； 3. 信中不得透露你的真实信息。 Dear Peter, _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I stood at the kitchen window watching Papa as he sat in the old, wooden lawn chair staring out at the lake. Ralph, his old black dog, lay on the ground at his side. Papa's hand absently stroked (抚摩) the head of his old companion as they dreamed the dreams of old men and old dogs in the evening sun. "He does this day after day?" I asked Mama. She nodded, sadness filling her eyes. "I don't know what to do for him. There is a strong desire in his eyes that I can't satisfy — a desire for the past. The past can't be brought back to the present. Once days are gone, they are gone forever," Mama sighed. "I'm going down to talk to him," I said. I called out to Papa and handed him a cup of coffee. "What are you and Ralph thinking about all these hours you spend out here?" I asked. "We're not thinking," he said softly. "We're wishing." I sat on the grass beside his chair. "Wishing for what?" "For the impossible, I suppose," he sighed. "You always told me that nothing was impossible if you wanted it badly enough and were willing to work hard for it," I reminded him. He laughed softly, but there was no amusement in the sound. "But Ralph and I have come to learn that when you reach our age, some things are actually impossible." "Maybe I can help you. What do you want so badly?" I asked. Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shone brightly at the thought of his dream becoming a reality. "Ralph and I want to fix up the old boat and go out on the lake again. We used to spend all day out on the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches," Papa said. Yes, I remember. When I was young, Papa and Ralph often enjoyed themselves on the lake on weekends. They'd start for home when the sun went down, totally satisfied with themselves and with life. Now, Papa was almost eighty-five years old and had a heart condition, so Mama was horrified by the idea of him going out on the lake again at first. But eventually I managed to convince her. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan. ______________ _____________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: On the day of Papa's birthday, we were all eager to give him a surprise. ________ _____________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $