北京市第十二中学2026-2027学年第一学期高一年级10月统一练习英语

北京十二中2026-2027学年第一学期高一年级10月统一练习 英语 2026.10 本试卷共6页，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸.：，在试卷上 作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。 第一部分知识运用（共30分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a lovely spring morning in the mountains of my hometown.The sky was blue,the sun was out,and the1 was warm.As I drove along the winding road,I could see thousands of wild flowers.When I turned,I slowed as I saw some volunteers2 rubbish along the roadside.I smiled as I saw them doing some"Spring Cleaning"for Mother Earth and my mind went back to another spring day long ago. When my children were younger,we used to walk along a road around the lake near our home. One spring day my daughter and I noticed just how much rubbish was lying along the road.The next day then we3a big rubbish bag with us and started to slowly collect the rubbish along our way.There were some cans,plastic bottles,4 for candy bars and so on.We stopped and picked up each one and even5a few pieces of garbage out of the edge of the water.By the time we had 6 the lake,the bag was nearly full. Tired but happy,we put the bag in a rubbish can.We stopped before we7 home and took one last look at the lake as the sun set.It looked more8 than ever and I felt like all around us were looking at it with us and9 our smiles.I know that at times this world's problems can seem overpowering and you 10 what you can do to make a difference.But the truth is that everything you do makes a difference. 1.A.tree B.air C.grass D.road 2.A.giving out B.turning to C.taking back D picking up 3.A.brought B.sent C.borrowed D.designed 4.A.shapes B.packages C.signs D.posters 5 A.saved B.raised C.bumed D.fished 6.A.reached B.searched C.circled D.filled 7.A escaped B.headed C.quitted D.arrived 81A.beautiful B.common C.silent D.interesting 9.A.imagining B.observing C.sharing D.showing 10.A.decide B.wonder C.enjoy D.refuse 第二节语言基础（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所 给词的正确形式填空。 11.Asian-American parents took a more (reason)approach conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives. 12.In modern society,it is acceptable men quit their jobs and stay at home to look after their families. 13.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based our present mental register. 14.The scenery in Jiuzhaigou is beautiful beyond(describe),attracting a large number of tourists all over the world every year. 15. (know)the good news,Tony was so excited that he couldn't sleep last night. 16.The Sanxingdui ruins (belong)to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years. 17.After (return)from the trip to the mountain,the children were so hungry that they ate up all the food within a short time. 18.In my opinion,it is necessary for you to have a good rest, provides enough energy for you 19.I(send)to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried out in the past two years. 20.I thought my grandfather would be too old to get to the top of Mount Tai,but he （(make)it at last. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 Gap Year Volunteer Abroad Programme Ready to break free from the ordinary and start an exciting journey of change?Your gap year is your chance to discover what you're truly capable of,and Projects Abroad is here to help you make it unforgettable. You'll gain real-world experience and support communities in need at the same time.It's an exciting and different way to start the next chapter of your life after high school.If you are looking to do something this autumn or winter,we recommend our Gap Projects: Gap Project 1:Peru the Galapagos(8 weeks) Gap Project 2:Kenya Tanzania(6 weeks) Gap Project 3:Nepal Cambodia(10 weeks) On a gap year programme abroad after high school,the experience can be designed to benefit your exact interests and goals.You can explore a career you're interested in,like medicine or law,and add relevant work experience to your resume ()We have options for students who've put off their university acceptance,and for those who don't feel they're ready for further education just yet. There's a lot you can get involved in by volunteering abroad on your gap year.You can protect endangered ecosystems and wild animals on a Conservation Project.Or,give children the educational support they desperately need on a Childcare Project.If you're eager to be more independent,we recommend joining Flexi Trips to personalize your gap year programme. All of our programmes focus on providing long-term,sustainable solutions.We don't believe in quick fixes.So no matter how short or long your gap year abroad is,you'll be part of ongoing efforts to make a real difference. 21.What can the programme help the volunteers to do? A.Take a break from busy school life. B.Get prepared for university admissions. C.Pay a visit to different foreign countries. D.Enrich experience and help communities. 22.Which can best meet one's personal needs? A Flexi Trips.B.Childcare Project.C.Gap Project to Peru.D.Conservation Project. 23.Who would be interested in the programme? A Ajob hunter. B.An office worker. 2 C.A college teacher. D A high school graduate. B About 15 years ago,Andrew McLindon,a business owner,was riding his bike in Austin,Texas,when he thought about a friend's 12-year-old son.The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from a brain condition that often caused balance disturbances. When he got home,he went online and found a three-wheeled bike with a seat belt,perfect for a child with balance issues.Soon the boy was cycling around the street with his peers,having fun and getting exercise.But there was more,as McLindon learned from his friend's reaction after performing this small act of kindness."To see his son interacting with other kids,"McLindon said,"I'll never forget the smile on his face."This smile touched Andrew's heart and he wanted to help more children receive free special-needs bikes.And this led to the launch of the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations,the group worked with local children's hospitals to find children who can benefit from owning bikes and to help craft each bike to the needs of the child.A bike may include a headrest,a shoulder band,a seat belt,and a caregiver's steering and braking system in the back.The bikes are expensive-$3,000 to $4,000,and that's with the foundation's large discount.For kids lucky enough to get one,they're a life changer.When the foundation was just started,people thought a bike was not a necessity for children with medical conditions.However,the response changed afterwards,many thought biking not only strengthened muscles but also built confidence,most importantly,it made kids feel inclusive. "We worked with a 14-year-old who had a back problem,"said McLindon.She spent most days on the couch watching TV.Soon after she got her bike,she was training for special-needs bike-racing competitions.In a magazine interview,she said,"I always knew there was an athlete in me." So far the foundation has given away 450 bikes,and that's just a start."I do a lot of things.I run a lot of companies,"McLindon says."But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do." 24.What benefit can special-needs bikes bring? A They can offer medical treatment. B.They can provide exercise and fun. C.They can relieve physical suffering. D.They can improye academic performance. 25.What inspired Andrew McLindon to start the Foundation? A His enthusiasm for cycling. B.His ambition to start a new business. C.The goal to invent a new type of bike. D The response from his friend. 26.What can we infer from paragraph 3? A.Children can get special bikes for free. B.Bikes were donated by the government. C.Biking can bring confidence and connection with others. D.People thought highly of the foundation at the beginning. 27.What can we learn from the story? A.Giving is receiving. B Well begun is half done. C.Practice makes perfect. D..Hard work leads to success. C Making predictions blocks the brain's ability to remember the present moment,new research suggests.The hippocampus,a brain structure usually associated with remembering events,also uses experiences to make forecasts(neuroscientists call this"statistical learning").But scientists writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA have now demonstrated that the latter() function can interrupt the former. Researchers showed participants a series of photographs on a screen without telling them some 3 image categories always followed others:mountains always came immediately after beaches,for example.The subjects were intended to subconsciously learn these associations and begin to expect these pairings.Later,the participants were shown the same photos again,mixed in with new examples,and were asked if they had spotted any of them before.They accurately recalled seeing random images at a much better rate than the"predictive"ones(like the beach pictures). The scientists repeated this process while scanning participants'brains with functional MRI.Each image category caused a specific neural activity pattern,and the patterns for"predicable"categories were seen in the hippocampus when the correlating predictive category was displayed.Moreover,the effect's strength in fMRI correlated inversely with participants'memory task scores:"The more evidence for prediction we saw,the worse their memory was for those predictive items,"such as a particular beach scene,says study lead author and Yale University cognitive neuroscientist Brynn Sherman.This suggests that predictive images activated the hippocampus to shift gears toward prediction-and away from encoding a new memory. The study is among the first to demonstrate how making predictions affects human memory. Screntists previously suspected that the hippocampus had a role in statistical learning but had not known how it interacts with memory formation."This paper is a really nice demonstration of the trade-off where the hippocampus is doing both these things,"says University of Virginia cognitive neuroscientist Nicole Long,who was not involved in the research. The team says this trade-off occurs because remembering and predicting both use some of the same biological pathways.In the paper,the authors compare it with "using one's right foot to operate both the brake and gas pedals in a car...but not both at the same time."This setup could prevent unnecessary memory storage and thus conserve brainpower,Sherman says:a successful prediction would contain the same information as an actual outcome. 28.What does the research focus on? A.The function of the hippocampus in remembering events. B.The impact of making predictions on human memory. C.The development of statistical learning in the brain. D.The relationship between repetition and memory encoding. 29.What does the underlined word "inversely"in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Oppositely.B.Indirectly. C.Randomly. D.Occasionally. 30.In Paragraph 5,the comparison is used to. A.clarify difficulties in brain memory B.explain the brain's multiple functions C highlight the importance of the hippocampus D.show hippocampus's switching role 31.What is the best title for the passage? A.The Secrets of the Hippocampus B.Prediction:A Memory.Problem C.The Science of Statistical Learning D.The Brain's Memory and Prediction Functions D In an era where consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability,companies are rushing to project an environmentally responsible image.Many label products"eco-friendly,""carbon-neutral,"or "natural,"and advertise grand commitments to fight climate change.Yet behind these green slogans often lies a far less flattering reality:greenwashing,the practice of misleading consumers into believing a company or product is more environmentally sound than it actually is. 4 Coined in the 1980s by environmentalist Jay Westerveld,the term"greenwashing"was inspired by hotels that placed"save the planet"cards in rooms to encourage towel reuse-while doing little to reduce energy use or plastic waste elsewhere.Today,greenwashing has evolved into a sophisticated corporate strategy.Common tactics include vague language("environmentally friendly,"with no clear standard),irrelevant claims (a product labeled"CFC-free"when CFCs have been banned for decades), hidden trade-offs(promoting one green feature while ignoring severe pollution in other areas),and false certifications(using fake or meaningless eco-labels). A 2020 European Union study found that over 50%of environmental claims examined were vague, misleading,or entirely unfounded.In one high-profile case.a major oil company launched a $100 million"green energy"advertising campaign while spending less thtan 1%of its budget on renewable research.Such practices not only deceive consumers but also slow down real environmental progress: when people believe they are"voting with their wallets"for the planet,they may lose motivation to demand systemic change. Not all green marketing is greenwashing,of course.Genuine sustainability efforts are usually specific,verifiable,and backed by third-party certifications such as B Corp or Energy Star.The key difference lies in substance vs.symbolism:real green investment costs money and requires transparency,while greenwashing costs almost nothing and relies on ambiguity. As public awareness grows,regulators are starting to crack down.The European Union's Green Claims Directive,set to take effect in 2026,will require companies to prove all environmental claims with scientific evidence.The U.S.Federal Trade Commission(FTC)has also updated its"Green Guides"to penalize deceptive advertising.Still,experts wam that greenwashing will persist as long as consumers reward "green"branding more than actual green performance. In the end,greenwashing is not just a marketing trick-it is a betrayal of public trust and a barrier to meaningful climate action.Until companies are held accountable for their words as well as their ads, the world will continue to confuse green paint with real green change. 32.Which of the following is a typical greenwashing tactic of irrelevant claims? A.A skincare brand calls its items "natural"without concrete definitions. B A clothing brand marks products totally free of long-banned chemicals. C.An energy company runs green ads but cuts funds for eco-friendly projects. D.A snack brand uses unapproved eco-labels on all its packaged goods. 33.According to the passage,what is the key to addressing greenwashing?. A.Raising public environmental awareness. B.Upgrading green guides to punish false ads. C.Holding firms accountable for green claims. D.Prioritizing honest environmental promotion. 34.Which is the best title for the passage? A.Green Promises to Nature. B.Green Pursuits of Eco-ideals C.Green Bubbles in Business D.Green Wonders in Advertising 第二节（供5小题每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 If you are a new person in a new school,it is normal to feel shy.3Here are several skills that help you overcome shyness and build new friendships. As soon as you hit the gate of your new school,try to appear easy to get along with by smiling naturally.A good and honest smile can make a difference.36Walk tall and smile at anyone who looks directly into your eyes.If someone chats with you unexpectedly,do not look away but look at him in the eye and don't forget to smile. The classroom is another good place to make friends on a new campus.See your classmates and try introducing yourself.A good ice-breaker is to find an item,such as a notebook,that your classmate has.This will lead to a deeper conversation that may continue on to other matters like a good introduction and even a social lunch with a new friend. 3_They will be the ones to open up chances for new communication.Gradually,you will be attending meetings and parties that the club or organization will be holding regularly.Eventually, you will fit in and totally let go of the shyness you felt on your first day. Say goodbye to shyness in a new school by following these very great skills.39 If you continue to sit alone minding your own business,then you might miss out on some of the most valuable friendships in your whole life. A.If you are too shy,you can start with a little joke or small talk to break the ice. B.It can greatly affect your personal charm,making you appear friendly and easy-going. G They are all worth the effort. D.You will become the most popular person in school E.However,it is unusual to stay shy the whole year and fail to make any new friends. F.It will bring you happiness and power. Another easy way to make new friends is by joining school clubs and organizations that the campus offers. 第三部分书面表达供两节，32分) 第一节（共4小题，每小题3分，共12分） 翻译句子，请在答题卡指定区域作答。 40.为了提高参与度，老师组织了辩论，这些辩论促进了课堂参与，鼓励了更为寡言少语的学生 发言。 41.细胞自噬(Autophagy)是一个有趣的科学概念，但如果有人想要为了减肥而改变他们的饮食 习惯，它必须被谦慎对待，并且伴随医疗指导。 42.尽管用户可能会觉得被人工智能伴侣接纳和关心，但这些系统并不需要用户给它们接纳或支 持作为回报。 43.那么，错误就成为学习的一部分而非失败的证据，将成长与自我价值感明确区分开来。 第二节（共20分） 44.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的外国好友Jim发来邮件，询问你升入高中后的学 习收获。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1描述你在学习中做出的一项改变； 2.分析这项改变对你的学习产生的积极影响。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, LiHua 6