河南平顶山市2026-2027学年高三10月学情调研英语试题

秘密★启用前 高三年级过程性作业评价 英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦千净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将木试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段录音播放两遍。 1.Where does the conversation most likely take place? A.In a canteen. B.In a hotel. C.In a supermarket. 2.What is the problem with the speakers? A.They missed a train. B.They made a registration error. C.They have a scheduling conflict. 3.What does the woman question about Mary's entry? A.Its purpose. B.Its qualification. C.Its competitiveness. 4.What does the man probably do? A.A caregiver. B.A bookseller. C.A librarian. 5.How many hours earlier will Wednesday's practice start? A.I hour. B.2 hours. C.3 hours 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分、满分22.5分)》 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，每小 题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，问答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman like about her part-time job? A.Being with books. B.Flexible working hours, C.The friendly environment. 7.What does the woman plan to do? A.Quit her job. B3.Adjust her schedule C.Change her major. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8.Why does the woman make the phone call? A.To rent a bike. B.To post an ad. C.To join a trip. 9.What is unavailable to new members? A.Equipment. B.Brochures. C.Refreshments. 英语试题第1页（共8页） S扫描全能王 然病1觉人群直用的月mA中 -…2…-222- 10.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Guide and tourist. B.Salesman and customer. C.Organizer and participant. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11.What prevented the honey from being sold last year? A.Its poor quality. B.The bad weather. C.The high pricing. 12.Which best describes the woman's effort? A.Fruitful. B.Pointless. C.Misguided. 13.What will the woman probably do next month? A.Livestream peach sales.B.Train some bee farmers. C.Learn video editing. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14.What is the main purpose of the interview? A.To promote a product. B.To introduce an award. C.To share a success story. 15.What is special about Jason's product? A.It is cheaper. B.It degrades faster. C.It wears more slowly. 16.What inspired Jason to start his project? A.His school research. B.His community service. C.His childhood experience. 17.What advice does Jason give to students? A.Aiming high. B.Starting small. C.Keeping going. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18.What is the notice mainly about? A.A special AI course. B.A new AI Experience Zone. C.An interactive summer camp. 19.What can visitors do in the museum? A.Learn sign language for free. B.Watch a live race on the computer. C.Learn to make a small AI program. 20.What is offered to groups of over 10 students? A.A 10%discount. B.Free entry. C.An AI project. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）】 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Orienteering(越野识途)and GPS Advanced Compass and Map Registration Open 22 of 25 seats remaining Instructed by:Kayla R Rosen LOCATION SCHEDULE Located at: Meeting at: Pacific Palisades Conservation Area-South the main parking lot at the south entrance 1628-1648 Buscher Rd,Pacific,MO 63069 Start Time: End Time: Friday,March 19,2027 10:00 AM Friday,March 19,2027 3:00 PM 英语试题第2页（共8页） 餐S扫描全能王 然病1亿人■直用的日睡中 02。”-。224- Additional Information: Join at Pacific Palisades for an advanced orienteering program where you'll have an opportunity to test your compass and map-reading skills off trail through thick woods. Prior experience with a compass is recommended.Be sure to dress for the outdoors and prepare for the weather,uneven footing,low-lying water,and thick brush.Waterproof boots and long pants are strongly recommended. Everyone planning to attend the event should register separately. Cancellation Policy: You must cancel your registration before Thursday,March 18,2027. Age Policy: All registrants for this event must be a minimum age of 16 by March 19,2027. If you are having difficulty registering online,you can contact the phone registration service at 188-8283-0364.Event call center hours are Monday to Friday,8:00 a.m.to 5:00 p.m. You are invited to our community activity.Come and join us! 21.What is the scheduled duration of the orienteering activity? A.2 hours. B.3 hours. C.4 hours. D.5 hours. 22.What are participants advised to do? A.Register online. B.Dress appropriately. C Bring their own compass. D Call the service center in advance. 23.Where is this text probably from? A.A weather app. B A news report. C.A community website. D A tourist guide. B Lazarus Kgasi is one of the eight children in his family.When he finished high school,he knew full well what he had to do-find a job to support his family.He did clerical work.He tried his hand as an auto mechanic.Then,in 2000,he applied for a job as a fossil (digger in the Cradle of Humankind,a UNESCO World Heritage site helping prove that the African continent was indeed the birthplace of humanity. For months,Kgasi didn't know why he was digging.He had never learned about human evolution or the role that his country had played in reconstructing the story of our ancestors.He just dug.But after about two years,Kgasi began to wonder:what exactly were these things he was pulling out of the earth?So he asked the researchers he was working for.In Kgasi,the researchers noticed something familiar:the makings of a scientist.They started explaining things to him. The researchers put Kgasi in charge of the field site.He began doing initial identifications of the fossils before handing them over.He got hired by the local university,first as a fossil excavator (and then as a manager of the other excavators.And soon,he started doing his own research,which continues to this day. Everything that Kgasi knows has been learned by doing.Perhaps due to his lack of formal training,he recognizes the power of a solid education.This is one reason he spends a lot of his time speaking to young people in the field and at the museum. "It's so magical to bring them into the museum and they sit down,he says."You are telling the story of these fossils in their own language,Setswana. -This matters because English is commonly used in scientific communication worldwide.So by speaking Setswana Kgasi is making these discoveries accessible and recognizable to young Black South Africans.For Kgasi,the students and young people he engages with are carrying on a powerful tradition. 24.Which of the following best describes Lazarus Kgasi in 2000? A.Highly educated. B Socially privileged. C.Physically challenged. D.Economically disadvantaged. 英语试题第3页（共8页） 器国扫描全能王 然额觉人■直用的日量A阳 …2-224-- 25.What might "the makings of a scientist"in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Experiences in research. B.Abilities to observe. C.Qualities to be a scientist. D.Talents for excavating. 26.Why does Kgasi use Setswana to explain fossils to local youths? A.It simplifies scientific terms B.It helps him achieve instant fame. C.It makes science feel relevant to them. D.It bridges the divide between generations. 27.What is the text mainly ahout? A.A scientist's path to fossil discoveries. B The role of local languages in education. The value of formal education in science. D.A fossil digger's rise to a cultural spreader. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai's eruption in January 2022 was among the most violent volcanic eruptions of modern times.New research reveals that the outbreak, located off Tonga in the South Pacific,was also a rather polite one,as the underwater volcano's explosion came with a chemical reaction that removed some of its own methane em1 ssions(甲烷排放). Scientists examined satellite images and found an unexpectedly high concentration of formaldehyde,a gas tnat temporarily forms when methane breaks down in the atmosphere.The finding,published in May in the journal Nature Communications, suggests that a methane cleanup process was taking place in the stratosphere (in the wake of the eruption.Though further research is necessary to truly understand the chemistry at play,this natural mechanism rould inspire artificial global warming interventions. The chemical process driving the cleanup is not new.Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai shot salty ocean water into the air,ultimately releasing enough water vapor into the stratosphere to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools.When sunlight hit this cloud,it could have caused reactions that produced chlorine ()and the chlorine could have broken down the methane in a process that resulted in formaldehyde. As human-generated emissions of greenhouse gases,including methane,continue to warm the planet,the idea is that this natural cleanup process could inspire an artiticial intervention to remoye even more methane.But some researchers are wary of the implications Pete Edwards,an atmospheric chemist at the University of York in England who was not involved in the study,notes that the impact of such a strategy would be difficult to predict.The volcano's methane-removing chemistry occurred in the stratosphere,and any intervention by humans would be in the troposphere (the layer of the Earth's atmosphere below the stratosphere).Meanwhile,atmospheric scientist Folkert Boersma adds,"We all know what to do.It's not shooting chlorine into the stratosphere;it's just making sure that we reduce emissions. 28.Why is Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai's eruption described as "polite"? A.It s short-lived. B.It's self-cleansing. C.It's gentle in force. D.It's safe for humans. 29.What led the scientists to reach their conclusion in paragraph 2? A.The increase of methane. B The artificial intervention C The generation of chlorine. D.The rise in the concentration of a gas. 英语试题第4页（共8页） S扫描全能王 然病觉人里在用的日mAe -…2…-222- 30.What does the author try to illustrate in paragraph 3? A.A natural cleaning method. B.A chemical reaction process. C.An environmental phenon:enon. D.An unexpected scientific finding. 31.What does the underlined phrase "wary of"in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Cautious about. B Favorable to. C.Uninterested in. D.Confident of. D Scientists have long thought raindrops contribute to the wear and tear of protective coatings,because they physically damage the coating as they slide down it and have acidic components that can chemically degrade it.Now,new research suggests there may be more to this destruction than previously thought.Water drops can become electrically charged as they slide across smooth surfaces,such as plant leaves,insect wings,building walls and window glase.When these electrified drops fall onto coated metals,they generate micro-discharges capable of breaking through protective coatings like Teflon and damaging the underlying metal.according to a study published on August 26 in the journal Nature. To investigate this,study co-author Hans-Jurgen Butt,a physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Germany,and co-workers dropped water drops onta different insulating (materials,including plant leaves,PVC boards and glass,and allowed the liquid to run down and fall onto Teflon-coated copper () Applying only a few dozen drops resulted in no visible wear.But when the team applied 3,000-electrified drops,a powerful microscope revealed a surprising amount of damage The water had eaten through the Teflon and left the underlying copper uneyen.By contrast,dropping water directly onto the coated copper caused no corrosion () The researchers suggest that as the water drops slide down a surface,they acquire a tiny positive charge.When a drop approaches the coated metal,the electrical potential difference between the drop and the underlying metal can exceed 1,000 volts. Since commercial coatings on cars and ships are typically thicker than the Teflon coating used in the experiment,these charged drops pose no immediate danger to modern vehicles,Butt says.However,the process could help explain why protective coatings on historical structures fail after long periods of time,leaving the material underneath exposed to the elements.Corrosion in the United States is estimated to cost the country more than $2 trillion per year. 32.What is the newly identified factor contributing to metal corrosion? A The coatings'acidity. B.The coatings'components. C.The charge of raindrops. D.The impact force of raindrops. 33.How do the researchers draw their conclusion? A.By comparing different damages.B.By analyzing earlier papers. C.By interviewing other physicists. D By weighing the water drops. 34.What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3? A.The mechanism of corrosion. B Properties of a substance. C.Analysis of an experiment. D The design of an experiment. 35.Why is the $2 trillion annual-cost of corrosion mentioned? A.I'o prove the effectiveness of coatings. B.To stress the significance of the research. C.To present the difficulty of the research. ! D.To show the unavoidability of corrosion. 英语试题第5页（共8页） 紧⑧金任 -…2…-222- 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 What does perfectionism mean?36 Or something more problematic?A recent study by researchers at the University of Ottawa drilled down into some important differences between perfectionism and what we could call excellencism. Perfectionism means setting goals that are extremely high.working toward them nonstop,and letting those ambitions take over your mind.37 When they don't hit it,they can be really hard on themselves.Excellencism,on the other hand,is about aiming high but for things you can actually reach-with determination,but also with some flexibility.For the former.excellence is just a point on the unrealistic path toward perfection.38 The University of Ottawa team found that perfectionism and excellencism are distinct concepts.39 Excellencism was linked to academic improvement,future achievement,higher life satisfaction,less depression,and greater progress toward personal goals.Perfectionism,by contrast,tended to show the opposite pattern:lower achievement,lower life satisfaction,more depression,and less progress. So,what does this mean in practice?40.Instead of holding yourself to impossible standards,you can set high but reachable goals and stay open to adjustment. This may support meaningful achievement and,over time,greater life satisfaction. Perfect may be the enemy of good,but excellence may be the cure for perfectionism. A.The pursuit of excellence? B.For the latter,it's the goal. C.Do people chase perfection? D.Perfectionists can be highly self-critical. E.Aiming for excellence may be more sustainable. F Perfectionists often set the bar high for themselves. G.Their effects on mental health and well-being also differ. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I decided to spend 30 days getting rejected on purpose.It sounded 41.After all, most people spend their lives 42 trying to avoid rejection.But my terror of being rejected was holding me back.On social occasions I often felt 43,focusing only on not seeming ton odd to be accepted.And in my job,that same fear would make me 44 every chance to shine.So I promised myself I'd 45 hiding from rejection for one month and see what happened. Later that week,I entered a coffee shop for my first rejection challenge.I 46 by the door for what felt like forever before finally gathering the courage-to walk to the counter.There,I 47 myself to say,"Could I make my own coffee please?"I fully expected the staff to laugh at me or get 48 for wasting their time.But there was no laughter,nor anger.After I49_my self--imposed(自行设定的)“rejection challenge'”, the barista(咖啡师)smiled,“Why not?” 英语试题第6页（共8页） 餐S扫描全能王 然病1亿人■直用的日睡中 2-2 Minutes later,I was behind the 50,with an apron (on.Walking out with my self-made coffee,I began to 51 that my fear might actually be rooted in my own prejudice:the assumption that others were always 52 me. That month,I would approach strangers with unusual 53,only to meet unexpected kindness instead.Even when these were 54 they never laughed at me- only with me.55 I've found,doesn't guarantee success,but it nearly always leads to connection. 41.A.unreasonable B.modest C.complicated D.conventional 42.A.carelessly B.secretly C.unwillingly D.desperately 43.A.absent B.confident C.guilty D.cheerful 44.A.wait for B.jump at C.turn down D.capitalize on 45.A.risk B.admit C.stop 'D.deny 46.A.emerged B.hesitated C.whispered D.collapsed 47.A.allowed B.forced C.reminded D.expected 48.A.confused B disappointed C.shocked D.annoyed 49.A.explained B.promoted C solved D.proved 50.A.door B.counter C.curtain D.register 51.A.regret B.complain C.suspect D.anticipate 52.A.blaming B.cheating C.pushing D.judging 53.A.promises B.requests C talents D.ambitions 54.A.declined B.selected C.appreciated D.recommended 55.A.Sympathy B Generosity C.Courage D.Devotion 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Ricky Colomer Goenaga,32,a designer from Spain,looked around and noticed a delivery robot following him,he wasn't quite sure how to react.But one and a half years later,on a business trip to Beijing,he 58.key)his room number into the order system and waited for the robot to carry his takeaway salad to his door. For many foreign visitors,such robots are among the first few (surprise) they encounter in China.6 (don estic),however,such robots are no longer 59 novelty.According to a report released in August 60 a Beijing-based industry research organization,the penetration rate (of hotel service robots in China was above 30 percent in 2025 and is expected to reach 50 percent by 2030. For hotels,the appeal is simple:robots can handle routine delivery tasks throughout the day,reducing staff workload.Guests order their takeaway,after the front desk loads the food into the robots and types in the room numbers.The robots then deliver it from the front desk to the doors.Between rushes,the machines stay 62 (park) at their charging stations. Autoxing Technology Co.,one maker of such robots,63 (ound)in 2020.with ambitions to develop autonomous-driving technology for cars.But the bet proved costly, causing the company 64 (narrow)its focus.Two years later,it launched its hotel robots,with exports nowi(account)for about 60 percent of its business, according to the company. 英语试题第7页（共8页） 器巴扫描全能王 然额觉人群直用的日A中 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分】 第一节（满分15分） 英语课上老师要求围绕“The Most Important Quality for Achieving Greatness'”这 话题展开小组讨论。请你代表你所在的小组与一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.你们的观点； 2.你们的理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Boys and girls, Good morning. Thank you. 第二节 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Fvery kid looked forward to having Miss Evans as their teacher.She was soft-spoken, kind and gentle.She never flew into anger nor laid a hand on any student.Instead,she seemed to have remarkable powers that enabled her to know each child's thoughts,wants and needs. Little by little,Miss Evans helped me inch away from shyness.I started staying after school to clean the blackboard,dust off the chalk tray (and sharpen her pencils. I took on any job available that would be of help to L.liss Evans-and also boost my self-worth.1 didn't mind giving up recess(课间休，息)on occasion for some labor of love. One job entrusted to me required producing multiple copies of worksheets.The process involved pressing a single sheet of white copy paper down onto a wet,rubbery pad.With enthusiasm,I carefully pulled each copy off the pad and admired a perfect reproduction. I went along whenever my parents attended Parent-Teacher Organization meetings. I looked forward to being present when Miss Evans delivered positive reports relating to my progress.Miss Evans's praise filled me with pride and fueled my desire to keep pleasing her and maintain a perfect record. One day,during outdoor recess,I decided not.to play with a friend from my class. The day before,while we were playing a board game at my house,she got upset when wt was clear she was going to lose.Unable to accept it,she knocked all the markers off the board for me to pick up.I felt it was right to refuse to play with her.That decision led to a fight. Facing the girl's rudeness,I shouted out,“YOU SNOB！(势利小人)”Immediately I thought,"Where did that come from?I know!I heard my sister,Theresa,use it.My tongue just slipped.” My opponent rushed back into the classroom.I heard her reparting to Miss Evans, “Annette called me a SNOB” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My face burned with shame. Later that afternoon,Miss Evans asked me to stay after school. 英语试题第8页（共8页） 巴扫描全能王 然病1觉人群喜用的日罐A中 --。2-。。22-。一高三年级过程性作业评价 英语 参考答案 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 1-5 ACBCB 6-10 ABCAC 11-15 BAACB 16-20 CBBCA 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，节选自某社区活动网站的户外项目报名页面。文章介绍了在太平洋帕利塞兹 保护区举办的一场高级越野识途活动。 2l.D【解析】细节理解题。根据LOCATION&SCHEDULE部分中“Start Time:Friday,March 19,2027 10:00AM”和“End Time:Friday,March19,20273:00PM”可知，活动从上午10：00开始，到下午 3:00结束，共计5小时。故选D。 22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Additional Information部分中“Be sure to dress for the outdoors'”和 “Waterproof boots and long pants are strongly recommended,.”可知，话动组织方明确建议参与者穿着 适合户外环境的衣物。故选B。 23.C【解析】文章出处题。本文提供了具体的活动日期、起止时间、详细地址、指导老师姓名、剩余名额、 年龄限制、取消政策及注册电话等完整信息，语气为邀请通知性质，且文章最后一句“You are invited to our community activity..Come and join us!”发起邀请。因此，本文最可能出现在社区活动网站上。 故选C。 B 【文章大意】本文是一篇人物特写。文章讲述了南非化石发掘者Lazarus Kgasi从底层劳动者成长为文化传承 者的故事。 24.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“When he finished high school,he knew full well what he had to do一find a job to support his family.”可知，Kgasi高中毕业就需工作养家，经济上处于弱势。故选D。 25.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“after about two years,Kgasi began to wonder:what exactly were these things he was pulling out of the earth?So he asked the researchers.”可知，研究人员在Kgasi身 上看到了“科学家潜质”。故选C。 26.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“by speaking Setswana,Kgasi is making these discoveries accessible and recognizable to young Black South Africans"”可知，用Setswana讲解能让科学发现对当地 青少年来说变得“可理解，能产生共鸣”，即让他们觉得这些知识与自身相关。故选C。 27.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章从Kgasi作为化石发掘者的底层工作写起，描述了他如何通过主动求知和 自学成长为独立研究者，并通过用母语Setswana向南非黑人青少年讲解化石，成了一名文化传播者。 故选D。 C 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2022年洪阿汤加火山喷发的新研究发现：该水下火山喷发能清 除部分自身甲烷排放。文章解释了其化学机制，并探讨了该机制对人工干预全球变暖的启示。 28.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“New research reveals that the outbreak.was also a rather polite one,as the underwater volcano's explosion came with a chemical reaction that removed some of its own methane emissions..”可知，火山喷发伴随着一种化学反应，清除了部分自身的甲烷排放一即具备 ·英语答案（第1页，共7页）· “自我清洁”能力。作者用polite一词生动地表达这一特性。故选B。 29.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Scientists examined satellite images and found an unexpectedly high concentration of formaldehyde,a gas that temporarily forms when methane breaks down in the atmosphere.The finding..suggests that a methane cleanup process was taking place in the stratosphere..." 知，科学家发现formaldehyde(一种甲烷分解时产生的气体)浓度异常升高，从而推断出甲烷被分解。正 是这一证据导致他们得出结论。故选D。 30.B【解析】主旨概括题。根据第三段“The chemical process driving the cleanup is not new.Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai shot salty ocean water into the air...When sunlight hit this cloud,it could have caused reactions that produced chlorine,and the chlorine could have broken down the methane in a process that resulted in formaldehyde..”可知，整段围绕火山清除甲烷的化学反应机制展开一海水→ 水蒸气→阳光→氯→甲烷分解→甲醛，构成一条完整的化学过程链。作者旨在说明这一化学反应过程。 故选B。 3l.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“As human-generated emissions,could inspire an artificial intervention,But some researchers are wary of the implications.”及第五段Pete Edwards指出 “impact.would be difficult to predict”,Folkert Boersma主张“It's not shooting chlorine into the stratosphere;it's just making sure that we reduce emissions..”可知，“But”的转折语气及后文两位科学 家的谨慎言论共同表明，研究员们对人工干预的影响持“谨慎”态度。wary of意为“谨慎的/警惕的”， 与A项Cautious about同义。故选A。 D 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，雨滴在滑过绝缘表面时会产生静 电，带电水滴落在涂层金属上会引发微放电，从而加速保护涂层破坏和金属腐蚀，揭示了金属腐蚀的一个新 机制。 32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Now,new research suggests there may be more to this destruction than previously thought.Water drops can become electrically charged...When these electrified drops fall onto coated metals,they generate micro-discharges capable of breaking through protective coatings" 知，研究发现雨滴在滑过表面时会带上电荷，带电雨滴落在涂层金属上会产生微放电，从而破坏涂层。 这一新发现的因素是雨滴的带电状态。故选C。 33.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，研究人员先让水滴经过不同的绝缘材料，再使其滴落到涂层 铜片上。滴入几十滴水滴时，没有可见磨损。但团队滴入3000滴带电水滴后，显微镜下发现明显损伤， 水侵蚀穿透特氟龙图层，底层铜凹凸不平。相比之下，直接滴在涂层铜片上的普通水滴不会造成腐蚀。 关键词By contrast(相比之下)说明实验设置了对照组，对比不同条件下产生的损伤。研究人员设置不同 实验条件，观察、对比几组实验出现的不同损伤程度，依靠对比实验结果得出结论。故选A。 34.A【解析】段落主旨题。第三段第一句解释水滴滑过表面时如何获得正电荷(“acquire a tiny positive charge'”),第二句解释带电水滴接近涂层金属时电位差可超过1000伏特。整段内容旨在阐明带电水滴破 坏涂层的物理机制。故选A。 35.B【解析】推理判断题。第四段提及该数据意在通过揭示腐蚀造成的巨大经济损失(2万亿美元/年)，强 调腐蚀研究的现实意义和经济价值，从而突出研究的重要性。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章对比了完美主义与卓越主义，阐释两者的内涵差异及对成就、心理健康 的影响。 ·英语答案（第2页，共7页）· 36.A【解析】空前句先设问“What does perfectionism mean??”,接着需要提出一个常见但可能被误解的正 面理解“追求卓越”，才能与后文“Or something more problematic??”形成选择对比。A项“The pursuit of excellence?”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 37.F【解析】空前句先描述完美主义设定极高目标并任其占据头脑，接着需要具体说明完美主义者常把标 准定得很高，才能引出后文“When they don't hit it'”中的it指代。F项“Perfectionists often set the bar high for themselves.”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 38.B【解析】空前句先说明对前者而言，卓越只是通往完美的不现实路径上的一个点，接着需要转向后者 进行对照，才能完成完美主义与卓越主义的定义对比。B项“For the latter,it's the goal..”符合语境。 故选B。 39.G【解析】空前句先指出完美主义与卓越主义是不同概念，接着需要进一步说明二者对心理健康和幸福 感的影响也不同，才能引出后文关于成就、生活满意度、抑郁和进步的具体对比。G项“Their effects on mental health and well--being also differ..”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 40.E【解析】空前句先提出“这在实践中意味着什么？”，接着需要给出一个概括性结论，才能引出后文 “不要用不可能的标准要求自己，而要设定高但可达成的目标并保持调整”的具体做法。E项“Aiming for excellence may be more sustainable.”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 第三部分语言运用 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为克服恐惧，主动进行30天“被拒挑战”。首次在咖啡店请 求自制咖啡竟获友善回应，促使她反思自己的恐惧源于偏见。之后多次尝试，即使被拒也收获善意，最终领 悟到勇气能带来真诚连接。 41.A【解析】根据后文“most people spend their lives42 trying to avoid rejection”说明人们普遍回避 被拒，而作者却主动为之，所以听起来是unreasonable(不合理的)。“modest”(谦虚的)、 “complicated'”(复杂的)、“conventional”(传统的)均不合题意。故选A。 42.D【解析】根据前文“terror of being rejected was holding me back”中的“terror'”表明恐惧程度极深， 所以大多数人必然是desperately(拼命地)避免被拒。“carelessly”(粗心地)、“secretly”(秘密地)、 “unwillingly”?(不情愿地)均无法与“terror'”在程度上形成呼应。故选D。 43.A【解析】根据后文“focusing only on not seeming too odd to be accepted”说明作者的注意力全在自我 审查上，未真正融入社交，所以是absent(心不在焉的)。“confident'”(自信的)、“guilty”(内疚的)、 “cheerful'”(愉快的)均与恐惧心理和专注自我审视的状态矛盾。故选A。 44.C【解析】根据前文“that same fear'”指代害怕被拒，恐惧必然导致turn down(拒绝)机遇。“wait for” (等待)、“jump at'”(欣然接受)、“capitalize on”(利用)均与恐惧的后果相悖。故选C。 45.C【解析】根据后文“see what happened'”以及随即开启挑战，说明必须stop(停止)躲避行为才能开始 实验。“risk”(冒险)后接动名词意为“冒险做”，但“冒险躲避”逻辑不通；“admit”(承认)和“deny” (否认)均无法与“see what happened”衔接。故选C。 46.B【解析】根据后文“before finally gathering the courage'”中的“finally”和“gathering courage'”表明 此前处于hesitated(犹豫)状态，且“for what felt like forever'”强化了久站却不敢上前的心理。 “emerged'”(出现)、“whispered”(低语)、“collapsed”(晕倒)均与“站在门口最终鼓起勇气”的动作链 不符。故选B。 47.B【解析】根据前一句“gathering the courage'”说明开口并非易事，所以是forced(强迫)自己说出请求。 “allowed'”(允许)语气过轻，与鼓足勇气的铺垫冲突；“reminded”(提醒)和“expected”(期望)无需勇 ·英语答案（第3页，共7页)· 气支撑。故选B。 48.D【解析】根据后文“for wasting their time”直接说明生气原因，get annoyed(恼怒)是固定搭配。 “confused”(困惑的)通常由不明原因引起，“disappointed”(失望的)和“shocked'”(震惊的)均无法与 “浪费时间”构成合理预期。故选D。 49.A【解析】根据后文“the barista smiled,‘Why not?’”表明店员理解并友善回应，必须先explained (解释)自己的挑战意图。“promoted”(宣传)、“solved'”(解决)、“proved”(证明)均不能自然引出咖啡 师的积极反应。故选A。 50.B【解析】根据前文“coffee shop”和自制咖啡，后文“with an apron on”表明身处操作区域，即 behind the counter(柜台后面)。“door”(门)、“curtain”(窗帘)与制作咖啡无关，“register”(收银机) 虽在柜台附近，但系围裙做咖啡通常是在counter而非register后。故选B。 5l.C【解析】根据后文“rooted in my own prejudice”是反思性认知判断，而非情绪表达，suspect(怀疑) 恰能体现对恐惧来源的质疑。“regret'”(后悔)和“complain'”(抱怨)带负面情绪，“anticipate”(预期) 指向未来，均无法与“自身偏见”的深刻反思搭配。故选C。 52.D【解析】根据前文核心恐惧是“被拒绝”，其根源在于害怕他人负面评价，即judging(评判)自己。 “blaming”(责备)、“cheating'”(欺骗)、“pushing'”(敦促)均不构成“害怕被拒”的心理动因。故选D。 53.B【解析】根据前文具体事例“Could I make my own coffee please?”以及后文“Even when these were 54_,they never laughed at me'”可知，此处指requests(请求)。“promises?”（承诺)、“talents”(才 能)、“ambitions'”(抱负)与接近陌生人的行为不符。故选B。 54.A【解析】根据前一句“approach strangers with unusual requests”可知“these”指代“requests”?,而 “被拒绝”是文章核心主题(rejection),且后文“they never laughed at me”暗示即便被拒也获善意，所 以选declined(被拒绝)。“selected'”(被选中)、“appreciated”(被欣赏)、“recommended”(被推荐)均与 “拒绝挑战”主题相悖。故选A。 55.C【解析】根据全文主线一作者从害怕被拒到主动出击，核心驱动力是Courage(勇气)；末句 “doesn't guarantee success,but it nearly always leads to connection'”正是对勇气作用的总结，且与首段 “decided to spend30 days getting rejected”首尾呼应。“Sympathy”(同情)、“Generosity”(慷慨)、 “Devotion'”(奉献)均未作为行为主线贯穿全文。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章从一名西班牙设计师在中国遇到送餐机器人的经历引入，介绍了酒店服 务机器人在中国的普及现状、工作流程和行业优势，并以Autoxing公司为例，说明相关企业的发展与出口 情况。 56.keyed【解析】考查时态。第一段叙述过去经历，与looked、wasn't一致，应用一般过去时。故填 keyed。 57.surprises【解析】考查名词复数。first few后接可数名词复数。故填surprises。 58.Domestically【解析】考查词性转换。设空处在句子中作状语，应用副词，domestic是形容词，副词要 在词尾加-ally。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Domestically。 59.a【解析】考查冠词。novelty为可数名词单数，no longer a novelty表示“不再是一件新鲜事”。故填a。 60.by【解析】考查介词。表示报告“由某机构发布”，用released by。故填by。 61.which【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面的句子是一个定语从句，引导词是“介词 after十关系代词”，指代“Guests order their takeaway”这件事，关系代词应该用which。故填which。 62.parked【解析】考查非谓语动词。stay为系动词，后接parked表示“保持停放状态”。故填parked。 ·英语答案（第4页，共7页）· 63.was founded【解析】考查被动语态。公司“被创立”，in2020为过去的时间状语，故用一般过去时的被 动语态。故填was founded。 64.to narrow 【解析】考查非谓语动词。cause sb to do sth为固定搭配，表示“使某人做某事”。故填to narrow。 65.accounting【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里是“with十宾语+现在分词”结构，exports与account为主 动关系。故填accounting。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） One possible version: Boys and girls, Good morning.On behalf of my group,I'm honored to share our views.We firmly believe that perseverance is the most vital quality for great accomplishments.Success is never achieved overnight;it demands sustained effort and resilience to overcome setbacks.It is those who persist in the face of difficulties and challenges that ultimately succeed.Take Tu Youyou as an example:despite countless failures,she discovered a new drug,saving millions of lives.Therefore,let us develop perseverance and pursue our dreams with determination. Thank you. 第二节读后续写（满分25分） One possible version: My face burned with shame.Hot tears welled up in my eyes as I came in and stood rooted to the spot, afraid that Miss Evans would be disappointed.My heart raced,convinced I had ruined my image in her eyes. "I'm surprised Annette said that.Let me see what has happened."Those were the exact words of my dearest teacher.With trembling lips,I poured out what had happened.Rather than criticizing me sharply,she gave me a soft,understanding look.Then,she looked at us seriously and said,"I think you owe each other an apology..” Later that afternoon,Miss Evans asked me to stay after school.She pulled out a chair and sat beside me, her tone warm and gentle.She could tell how upset I still was over the board-game incident.She comforted me for feeling wronged but warned against mean words.To my relief,she did not think less of me.Her words sank deep into my heart.I realized real strength meant staying kind,even when I had been hurt. 听力部分录音材料 Text 1 W:Excuse me,does the canteen really give a 1-yuan discount if I bring my own reusable bowl? M:Sure,it's our new policy to cut down plastic waste.Just show your bowl over there at the checkout. Text 2 W:I've got us two train tickets to Brighton for our graduation trip next Friday. M:Oh no!The volunteer teaching program we signed up for starts next Friday.We can't make it. Text 3 M:Mary's AI picture got third prize in the city's student art competition. W:Hold on.Isn't there a rule that all entries must be original?Like,drawn by the contestants themselves? Text 4 W:I'm looking for the guidebook on community elderly care for my career-planning project this weekend. ·英语答案（第5页，共7页）· M:It's on the second shelf over there,but only one copy is left and it can't be taken out. Text 5 M:This Wednesday's street dance club practice has been moved up from 5 p.m.to 3 p.m.,because the teacher changed her schedule. W:Oh no,bad timing!I have a make-up math class at 3. Text 6 M:How's the new part-time job at the bookstore going?Hard to balance with school? W:Honestly,it's a lot.I love being surrounded by books,but it's hard to get homework done in the evenings.I'm thinking of changing my schedule-fewer hours during the week,more on weekends. M:That sounds smart.School comes first,especially with exams coming up. W:Exactly.I should talk to my manager soon. Text 7 M:Hello,this is Green Ride Club.What can I do for you? W:Hi,I saw your post about the weekend cycling trip to the lakeside country park.Do you still have a spot for a new member? M:Let me check...yes,two left.Do you have your own safety hat and mountain bike?We don't provide bikes for new members this time. W:That's OK,I have both.Will we stop for a picnic halfway?I want to try my new camping oven. M:Sure,we will have a one-hour picnic break around noon.Just remember to bring a garbage bag to take your waste away. Text 8 M:I saw your TikTok video helping local farmers sell honey last week.You've already got over 10,000 likes! W:I didn't expect that at all!My uncle keeps bees up in the mountains,and last year he couldn't sell his honey because the road was closed for weeks after a heavy rain.So I went live with a few classmates. M:Wow,that's amazing.How much have you sold so far? W:Over 500 kilograms-that was all he had this year.We're doing another livestream of peaches next month.A lot of farmers in the village have joined now. M:Can I join you guys?I know a lot about video editing,so I can help. Text 9 W:Good afternoon,Jason.Congratulations on taking first place at the National Science Fair!Can you tell our readers a bit about your project? M:Thanks!My team and I developed a biodegradable packaging material made from wheat.It breaks down in soil in about three months-much faster than regular plastic. W:That's really eco-friendly.How did you come up with the idea? M:Well,I grew up in a farming community,and every year after the harvest,a lot of wheat gets burned, which causes serious air pollution.So I thought,why not turn it into something useful? W:What advice would you give to other high school students who want to start their own projects? M:Start with small problems around you.You don't have to change the world overnight.Any small idea that solves a real problem is worth pursuing. ·英语答案（第6页，共7页）· Text 10 W:Hello,everyone.This is a notice from the City Science Museum.Starting from this Saturday,our new AI Experience Zone will be open to the public.The zone covers 1,200 square meters,and has 22 different interactive projects for visitors of all ages.You can paint with AI,try AI-powered sign language translation,and even race with an AI driver on a computer. The most popular project for students will be the AI workshop,where you can learn to make your own small AI program in two hours.All middle school students can get free entry to the whole museum with their student ID on weekends this month.We also have 10%off for groups of over 10 students.For more information,you can visit our official website.We are looking forward to your visit. ·英语答案（第7页，共7页)·