专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文(期中知识清单)八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制

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专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文 Unit 1 Water 核心单词及变形 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. limited (adj.) 有限的 → (v.)限制;限度 limit → (短语)局限于…… be limited to 2. awareness (n.) 意识;认识 → (adj.)意识到的 aware → (短语)提升……的意识 raise one’s awareness of 3. treatment (n.)(净化或防治)处理;加工 → (v.)处理;对待 treat → (短语)废水处理 wastewater treatment 4. research (v. & n.) 研究;调查 → (n.)研究者 researcher → (短语)做关于……的研究 do some research on → (注)作名词不可数 research 5. pour (v.) 使(液体)连续流出;倒出 → (短语)把……倒入…… pour…into… 6. spread (v.) 传播;扩散 → (过去式/分词) spread 7. raise (v.) 提升;提高;举起 → (短语)提高意识 raise awareness → (短语)筹钱 raise money 8. thirsty (adj.) 口渴的 → (n.)口渴 thirst → (短语)渴望某物 be thirsty for 9. include (v.) 包括 → (prep.)包括 including 10. valuable (adj.) 宝贵的;珍贵的 → (n. / v.)价值 value 11. waste (v. & n.) 浪费 → (adj.)浪费的 wasteful 12. pollute (v.) 污染 → (n.)污染 pollution → (adj.)被污染的 polluted / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 关掉水龙头 turn off the tap 2. 把……倒入…… pour…into… 3. 用完;耗尽 run out 4. 清理;打扫干净 clean up 5. 依靠;取决于 depend on 6. 用光;耗尽 use up 7. 在……起作用 play a part in 8. 在日常生活中 in one’s daily life 9. 处于危险之中 in danger 10. 淡水资源 fresh-water resources 11. 减少水资源浪费 cut down water waste 12. 采取行动 take action 13. 所有生物 all living things 14. 代替;而不是 instead of 15. 在地球上 on the Earth / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 你知道为什么洁净淡水对所有生物如此重要吗? Do you know why clean fresh-water is so important for all living things? 2. 如果有一天地球上没有干净的水,将会发生什么? What will happen if there is no clean water on the Earth one day? 3. 我们在日常生活中会在哪些方面用到水? In what ways do people make use of water in their daily life? 4. 在家里我们可以做哪些小事来节约淡水? What simple things can we do at home to save fresh water? 5. 你会提醒家人及时关掉水龙头吗? Will you remind your family members to turn off the tap in time? 6. 没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。 Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water. 7. 节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。 It is necessary for us to save every drop of fresh water. 8. 我们可以把废水用来浇花,而不是直接倒掉。 We can reuse waste-water to water flowers instead of pouring it away. 9. 因为严重的水污染,越来越多河流正处于危险之中。 More and more rivers are in danger because of serious water pollution. 10. 微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。 Small actions can make a big difference to water protection. 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. include → including:include 为动词,在句中作谓语;including 为介词,后接名词。 例:The box includes a pen. / Including me, there are ten students. 2. a little / little(修饰不可数名词):a little 表肯定“一点”;little 表否定“几乎没有”。 例:There is a little water in the glass. / There is little water left. 3. a few / few(修饰可数名词):a few 表肯定“几个”;few 表否定“几乎没有”。 例:I have a few friends here. / I have few friends here. 4. raise / rise:raise 为及物动词“举起/提高/筹集”,须接宾语;rise 为不及物动词“上升/上涨”,不接宾语。 例:We raise our hands. / The sun rises in the east. 5. waste / wasteful / wasted:waste 动/名“浪费”;wasteful 形容词“浪费的”;wasted 形容词“被浪费的/徒劳的”。 例:Don’t waste water. / a wasteful habit / wasted time 二、短语搭配易错 1. pour…into… 把……倒入……(into 不丢) 例:Please pour the milk into the glass. 2. play a part in 在……起作用(in 不丢) 例:Cars play a part in air pollution. 3. run out 与 use up:主语为人用 use up,主语为物用 run out。 例:We used up our money. / The water ran out. 4. take action 采取行动(无宾语,不接 of) 例:We must take action to save water. 5. instead of 代替(of 为介词,后接名词/动名词,不可用 instead do) 例:Use a cup instead of buying a bottle. 三、句型易错点(语法) 1. 时间状语从句:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. ✖ 易错表达:If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. 2. 不定代词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。 例:Something is wrong with my bike. ✖ 易错表达:Something are wrong with my bike. 3. 形容词修饰不定代词时,应放在其后,不放在名词前面。 例:I have something important to tell you. ✖ 易错表达:I have important something to tell you. 4. 感叹句:What + 名词短语;How + 形容词/副词,二者不可混用。 例:What clean water it is! / How clean the water is! ✖ 易错表达:How clean water it is! 5. 提建议句型:should / had better + 动原;Why not + 动原(勿用 Why not to do)。 例:Why not save water? / We should save water. ✖ 易错表达:Why not to save water? 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Water(水),属“人与自然”主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍水的重要性、谈论水污染、给出节水建议、发出节水倡议。写作体裁:说明文、倡议书,词数约 60 词。建议多用一般现在时、情态动词提建议。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. water (n.) 水 2. fresh-water (n.) 淡水 3. save (v.) 节约;拯救 4. protect (v.) 保护 5. pollute (v.) 污染 6. pollution (n.) 污染 7. reuse (v.) 再利用 8. limited (adj.) 有限的 9. valuable (adj.) 宝贵的 10. waste (v. & n.) 浪费 11. resource (n.) 资源 12. tap (n.) 水龙头 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。 Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water. 2. 节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。 It is necessary for us to save every drop of fresh water. 3. 我们可以把废水用来浇花,而不是直接倒掉。 We can reuse waste-water to water flowers instead of pouring it away. 4. 因为严重的水污染,越来越多河流正处于危险之中。 More and more rivers are in danger because of serious water pollution. 5. 微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。 Small actions can make a big difference to water protection. √俗语谚语 1. 保护水资源,从我做起。 Protecting water starts from me. 2. 每一滴水都重要。 Every drop counts. 3. 节约用水,拯救生命。 Save water, save life. √写作典例及思路 水是生命之源,节约用水人人有责。请你以倡议书(或发言稿)的形式,向全校同学介绍水的重要性并给出日常节水建议。 写作要求: 1. 以倡议书(或发言稿)形式书写,注意称呼与落款; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)审题目: 主题:水的重要性与日常节水 文体:倡议书 / 发言稿 人称:第一人称 时态:一般现在时 (2)搭框架: 引出话题:Water is important to all living things and we cannot live without it. 重要性:Clean water is limited, but many people still waste it carelessly every day. 具体建议:Turn off the tap in time; take short showers; reuse waste water to water flowers. 发出号召:Every drop counts. Let’s take action now to save water for our future. (3)参考范文: 【范文A】 The Precious Water Water is one of the most important resources on Earth. We cannot live without clean water, so we should learn to save it in our daily life. Clean fresh water is limited, yet many people still waste it carelessly. To save water, we should turn off the tap while brushing our teeth and take short showers instead of long baths. We can also reuse waste water to water flowers instead of pouring it away. Every drop of water counts. Let’s take action now to save water, because saving water means saving our own lives. 【范文B】 Save Water, Save Life As we all know, water is the source of life. Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water, but serious pollution puts more and more rivers in danger. It is necessary for everyone to save water. First, we can collect and reuse rain water for cleaning. Second, we should remind our family members to turn off the tap in time. Small actions can make a big difference to water protection. Save water, save life. Let’s start from now and from ourselves to protect this precious gift. Unit 2 Digital life 核心单词及变形 6 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. advantage (n.) 优点;优势 → (反)缺点 disadvantage 2. private (adj.) 私人的;私密的 → (adv.)私下地 privately → (n.)隐私 privacy 3. health (n.) 健康 → (adj.)健康的 healthy → (adj.)不健康的 unhealthy 4. inform (v.) 知会;通知 → (n.)信息 information → (短语)通知某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 5. connection (n.) 连接 → (v.)连接 connect → (短语)把……和……连接起来 connect…with… 6. aware (adj.) 意识到;明白 → (反)未意识到的 unaware → (短语)意识到;知道 be aware of 7. repeat (v.) 重复;重说 → (n.)重复 repetition 8. warn (v.) 提醒注意;使警惕 → (短语)警告某人某事 warn sb. about sth. → (短语)警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 9. benefit (n.) 益处;成效 → (v.)有益于 benefit → (adj.)有益的 beneficial 10. conclusion (n.) 结束;结尾 → (v.)结束;得出结论 conclude → (短语)最后 in conclusion 11. virus (n.) 病毒 → (复数)病毒 viruses 12. opinion (n.) 意见;看法 → (短语)依我看 in my opinion 6 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 查阅信息 look up information 2. 与……保持联系 keep in touch with 3. 在某人空闲时 in one’s free time 4. 在……的帮助下 with the help of 5. 与此同时 at the same time 6. 减少;削减 cut down on 7. 充分利用 make good use of 8. 注意;关注 pay attention to 9. 面对面交流 face-to-face communication 10. 上网 surf the Internet 11. 处理;应对 deal with 12. 而不是;代替 instead of 13. 以不同的方式 in different ways 14. 偶尔;不时 from time to time 6 / 16 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 互联网在我们的日常生活中带来很多便利吗? Does the Internet bring us much convenience in our daily life? 2. 你怎样在网络上和同学们保持联系? How do you keep in touch with your classmates on the Internet? 3. 上网的时候为什么要留意保护自己的个人信息? Why should we pay attention to our personal information when we go online? 4. 如果你花费过多时间上网,可能会产生哪些不良后果? What bad results may happen if you spend too much time on screen? 5. 你愿意减少上网时间,多去户外活动吗? Would you like to cut down your screen-time to spend more time outdoors? 6. 在我看来,青少年应当控制看电子屏幕的时间。 In my opinion, teenagers should control their screen time. 7. 花费太多时间上网对我们的眼睛有害。 Spending too much time online is bad for our eyes. 8. 合理使用互联网能够给我们带来许多好处。 Using the Internet properly can bring us many benefits. 9. 我们应该用好数字工具,远离不良信息。 We should make good use of digital tools and stay away from bad information. 10. 为什么在数字时代面对面交流依旧十分重要? Why is face-to-face communication still important in the digital age? 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. be aware of / be aware that:of 后接名词、代词;that 后接从句。 例:Are you aware of the danger? / I am aware that he is ill. 2. information 为不可数名词,无复数形式,不能用 many 修饰。 例:I have much information. (✗ many informations) 3. advantage / disadvantage:前者“优点”,后者“缺点”。 例:The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages. 4. healthy / health / unhealthy:health 名词“健康”;healthy 形容词“健康的”;unhealthy 形容词“不健康的”。 例:He is healthy. / His health is good. 5. connect / connection:connect 动词“连接”;connection 名词“连接”。 例:Please connect the TV. / a close connection 二、短语搭配易错 1. pay attention to 注意(to 为介词,后接名词/动名词) 例:Pay attention to protecting your eyes. 2. make good use of 充分利用(of 不丢) 例:We should make good use of our time. 3. spend 花费:spend + 时间 + on sth. / (in) doing sth. 例:He spent two hours on homework. / (in) reading. 4. keep in touch with 与……保持联系(with 不丢) 例:I keep in touch with my friends by phone. 5. deal with 处理、应对(with 不丢) 例:We must learn to deal with problems. 三、句型易错点(语法) 1. as soon as 一……就……:主将从现,主句将来时、从句一般现在时。 例:I will call you as soon as I arrive. ✖ 易错表达:I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 2. while 当……时:强调两动作同时进行,常用于进行时态。 例:I was cooking while he was reading. ✖ 易错表达:I was cooking while he comes. 3. too…to… 太……而不能……:to 后接动词原形。 例:He is too young to go to school. ✖ 易错表达:He is too young to going to school. 4. so…that… 如此……以至于……:that 后接从句。 例:He was so tired that he fell asleep. ✖ 易错表达:He was so tired to fall asleep. 5. not only…but also… 不但……而且……:连接并列成分,注意就近原则。 例:Not only you but also he is wrong. ✖ 易错表达:Not only you but also he are wrong. 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Digital life(数字生活),属“人与社会”主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍互联网利弊、谈论如何合理使用电子产品、给同龄人提出上网建议。写作体裁:议论文、建议类短文,词数约 60 词。建议辩证使用对比句型、情态动词提建议。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. Internet (n.) 互联网 2. digital (adj.) 数字的 3. convenient (adj.) 便利的 4. information (n.) 信息 5. screen (n.) 屏幕 6. online (adj. & adv.) 线上的/地 7. advantage (n.) 优点 8. disadvantage (n.) 缺点 9. spend (v.) 花费 10. protect (v.) 保护 11. technology (n.) 科技 12. communicate (v.) 交流 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 互联网给我们的日常生活带来很多便利。 The Internet brings us much convenience in our daily life. 2. 我们可以在网上查阅有用的学习资料。 We can look up useful learning information online. 3. 花费太多时间上网对我们的眼睛有害。 Spending too much time online is bad for our eyes. 4. 青少年减少上网时长是明智的。 It is wise for teenagers to cut down their screen-time. 5. 我们应当用好数字工具,远离不良信息。 We should make good use of digital tools and stay away from bad information. √俗语谚语 1. 科技是一把双刃剑。 Technology is a double-edged sword. 2. 凡事适可而止。 Everything should be done in moderation. 3. 合理使用,方能受益。 Used wisely, it benefits us. √写作典例及思路 网络改变了我们的生活,也带来不少问题。请你以发言稿的形式,谈谈数字生活的利与弊,并给出合理使用网络的建议。 写作要求: 1. 以发言稿(或书信)形式书写,注意开头与结尾格式; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)审题目: 主题:数字生活与理性上网 文体:发言稿 / 书信 人称:第一人称 时态:一般现在时 (2)搭框架: 引出话题:The Internet has become an important part of our daily life. 利与弊:It brings convenience, but too much screen time hurts our eyes. 具体建议:Limit screen time; do more outdoor activities; stay away from bad information. 发出号召:Use the Internet wisely and let technology help us grow. (3)参考范文: 【范文A】 My Digital Life Digital life has become an important part of my daily life. I use my phone to learn online and chat with friends every day. It makes life easier and helps me get useful information quickly. However, too much screen time hurts my eyes and distracts me from studying. I think we should limit screen time and do more outdoor activities. We should make good use of digital tools and stay away from bad information on the Internet. 【范文B】 Use the Internet Wisely The Internet is like a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it brings us much convenience and helps us learn. On the other hand, spending too much time online is bad for our eyes and health. In my opinion, teenagers should control their screen time and never believe strange messages. Let’s use the Internet wisely, so that technology can truly benefit our study and life. Unit 3 Curious minds 核心单词及变形 10 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. unfamiliar (adj.) 陌生的;不熟悉的 → (反)熟悉的 familiar → (短语)对……不熟悉 be unfamiliar with 2. continuous (adj.) 不断的;持续的 → (v.)继续;持续 continue → (adv.)连续不断地 continuously 3. surprising (adj.) 令人吃惊的 → (v.)使吃惊 surprise → (adj.)感到吃惊的 surprised 4. touching (adj.) 令人同情的;感人的 → (v.)触摸;感动 touch → (adj.)受感动的 touched 5. annoying (adj.) 使恼怒的;使生气的 → (v.)使恼怒;打扰 annoy → (adj.)感到恼火的 annoyed 6. deepen (v.)(使)变深;加深 → (adj.)深的 deep → (n.)深度 depth 7. understanding (n.) 理解;领悟 → (v.)理解;明白 understand → (短语)对……更深的理解 a better understanding of 8. crazy (adj.) 热衷的;狂热的 → (短语)热衷于;痴迷于 be crazy about 9. recent (adj.) 近来的;新近的 → (adv.)最近;近来 recently 10. result (n.) 结果 → (短语)因此;结果 as a result 11 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 查明;弄清 find out 2. 想出;提出 come up with 3. 实施;执行(做实验) carry out (an experiment) 4. 记笔记 take notes 5. 了解;得知 learn about 6. 寻求;要求 ask for 7. 放弃 give up 8. 在……岁时 at the age of 9. 起初;一开始 in the beginning 10. 结果;因此 as a result 11. 独自;独立地 by oneself 12. 怀着好奇心 with curiosity 13. 在不同领域 in different fields 14. 不断尝试 keep trying / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 你有没有好奇过树叶为什么会在秋天变色? Have you ever wondered why leaves change their colours in autumn? 2. 自然界当中哪一个奥秘是你最想解开的? What natural mystery would you most like to find out? 3. 你空闲的时候有没有做过简单的科学小实验? Have you ever carried out any simple science experiment in your free time? 4. 当你在科学探究中多次失败的时候,你会很快放弃吗? Will you give up quickly when your experiment does not go well? 5. 好奇心激励着我们更加深入地探索身边的世界。 Curiosity encourages us to look deeper into the world around us. 6. 即使实验多次失败也不要放弃。 Never give up even if you fail your experiment several times. 7. 许多伟大的发现都源于简单的疑问。 Many great discoveries come from simple questions. 8. 当我们终于查明真相的时候,总会收获满满的喜悦。 It always brings us great joy when we finally work out the truth. 9. 坚持不懈的尝试是解开大部分科学难题的关键。 Keeping on trying is the key to solving most difficult science problems. 10. 你将来想成为一名科学家,做出属于自己的发现吗? Would you like to become a scientist and make your own discovery one day? 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. surprising / surprised:surprising 修饰事物“令人惊讶的”;surprised 修饰人“感到惊讶的”。 例:The news is surprising. / I am surprised at the news. 2. touching / touched:前者“令人感动的”(事物),后者“受感动的”(人)。 例:It is a touching story. / I was touched by the story. 3. unfamiliar with / unfamiliar to:with 主语是人;to 某物对人是陌生的。 例:I am unfamiliar with the city. / The city is unfamiliar to me. 4. interesting / interested:interesting 修饰事物“有趣的”;interested 修饰人“感兴趣的”。 例:The book is interesting. / I am interested in science. 5. continuous / continue / continuously:continue 动词“继续”;continuous 形容词“持续的”;continuously 副词“持续地”。 例:Please continue. / continuous rain / rain continuously 二、短语搭配易错 1. be crazy about 热衷于(about 为介词,后接名词/动名词) 例:He is crazy about playing football. 2. give up 放弃(up 为副词,代词放中间:give it up) 例:Never give up your dream. / give it up 3. ask for 寻求(for 不丢) 例:You can ask for help when in trouble. 4. carry out 实施、执行(out 为副词,代词放中间:carry it out) 例:We carry out an experiment. / carry it out 5. by oneself 独自(oneself 随人称变化:myself/yourself) 例:The child can do it by himself. 三、句型易错点(语法·动词不定式) 1. 动词 + to do 作宾语:agree, decide, hope, learn, want 等。 例:I decided to join the science club. ✖ 易错表达:I decided join the science club. 2. 动词 + 宾语 + to do 作宾补:tell, ask, teach, want 等。 例:The teacher asked me to read aloud. ✖ 易错表达:The teacher asked me reading aloud. 3. 使役/感官动词(let, make, see)后省略 to。 例:The story made me laugh. ✖ 易错表达:The story made me to laugh. 4. 疑问词 + to do:what / how 等疑问词可接不定式,作宾语。 例:I don’t know what to do next. ✖ 易错表达:I don’t know what do next. 5. It is + adj. + to do:it 作形式主语,真正主语是 to do。 例:It is important to keep curious. ✖ 易错表达:It is important keep curious. 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Curious minds(好奇心),属“人与自然”主题语境。常考写作任务:谈论好奇心的重要性、介绍一位科学家、分享一次探索或实验经历。写作体裁:记叙文、议论文,词数约 60 词。建议用连词叙述事情发展顺序,表达对探索精神的看法。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. curiosity (n.) 好奇心 2. curious (adj.) 好奇的 3. explore (v.) 探索 4. discover (v.) 发现 5. experiment (n.) 实验 6. scientist (n.) 科学家 7. observe (v.) 观察 8. succeed (v.) 成功 9. fail (v.) 失败 10. valuable (adj.) 宝贵的 11. discovery (n.) 发现 12. research (n. & v.) 研究 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 好奇心激励我们去探索身边的世界。 Curiosity encourages us to explore the world around us. 2. 我们可以通过观察生活中的小事学到很多。 We can learn a lot by observing small things in our daily life. 3. 即使实验多次失败也不要放弃。 Never give up even if you fail your experiment several times. 4. 许多伟大的发现都源于简单的疑问。 Many great discoveries come from simple questions. 5. 当我们终于查明真相的时候总是令人激动。 It is always exciting when we finally find out the truth. √俗语谚语 1. 好奇心是学习的钥匙。 Curiosity is the key to learning. 2. 坚持就是胜利。 Persistence leads to victory. 3. 实践出真知。 Practice brings true knowledge. √写作典例及思路 好奇心带我们探索未知的世界。请你以“The Value of _____”为题,结合一次探索或实验经历,谈谈好奇心的重要性。 写作要求: 1. 补全标题中的名词; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 The Value of __________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)审题目: 主题:好奇心的重要性与探索精神 文体:记叙文 / 议论文 人称:第一人称 时态:一般过去时 / 一般现在时 (2)搭框架: 引出话题:Curiosity is a magic key that opens the door to knowledge. 经历描述:I once wondered why leaves turn red, so I did a small experiment. 感悟升华:Many great discoveries come from simple questions if we keep trying. 发出号召:Let’s stay curious and never stop exploring the world. (3)参考范文: 【范文A】 The Value of Curiosity Curiosity is like a magic key that unlocks the door to knowledge. It drives us to ask questions and explore the unknown. Once I wondered why leaves change colour in autumn, so I did a small experiment and found the answer online. That little question taught me a lot. Many great discoveries come from simple questions if we keep trying. In short, curiosity turns learning into a lifelong journey. Let’s stay curious and never stop exploring. 【范文B】 The Value of Curiosity As a curious student, I love to find out how things work. Last term, I wanted to know why the sky is blue, so I read books and asked my teacher. Step by step, I understood the science behind it. The process was difficult but exciting. I learn that curiosity is the start of all discovery. Never stop wondering, because every question may lead to a wonderful new world. 15 / 15 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文 Unit 1 Water 核心单词及变形 1 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. ________________ (adj.) 有限的 → (v.)限制;限度 ______________ → (短语)局限于…… ______________ 2. ________________ (n.) 意识;认识 → (adj.)意识到的 ______________ → (短语)提升……的意识 ______________ 3. ________________ (n.)(净化或防治)处理;加工 → (v.)处理;对待 ______________ → (短语)废水处理 ______________ 4. ________________ (v. & n.) 研究;调查 → (n.)研究者 ______________ → (短语)做关于……的研究 ______________ → (注)作名词不可数 ______________ 5. ________________ (v.) 使(液体)连续流出;倒出 → (短语)把……倒入…… ______________ 6. ________________ (v.) 传播;扩散 → (过去式/分词) ______________ 7. ________________ (v.) 提升;提高;举起 → (短语)提高意识 ______________ → (短语)筹钱 ______________ 8. ________________ (adj.) 口渴的 → (n.)口渴 ______________ → (短语)渴望某物 ______________ 9. ________________ (v.) 包括 → (prep.)包括 ______________ 10. ________________ (adj.) 宝贵的;珍贵的 → (n. / v.)价值 ______________ 11. ________________ (v. & n.) 浪费 → (adj.)浪费的 ______________ 12. ________________ (v.) 污染 → (n.)污染 ______________ → (adj.)被污染的 ______________ / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 关掉水龙头 ____________________ 2. 把……倒入…… ____________________ 3. 用完;耗尽 ____________________ 4. 清理;打扫干净 ____________________ 5. 依靠;取决于 ____________________ 6. 用光;耗尽 ____________________ 7. 在……起作用 ____________________ 8. 在日常生活中 ____________________ 9. 处于危险之中 ____________________ 10. 淡水资源 ____________________ 11. 减少水资源浪费 ____________________ 12. 采取行动 ____________________ 13. 所有生物 ____________________ 14. 代替;而不是 ____________________ 15. 在地球上 ____________________ / 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 你知道为什么洁净淡水对所有生物如此重要吗? ________________ for all living things? 2. 如果有一天地球上没有干净的水,将会发生什么? ________________ on the Earth one day? 3. 我们在日常生活中会在哪些方面用到水? ________________ in their daily life? 4. 在家里我们可以做哪些小事来节约淡水? ________________ to save fresh water? 5. 你会提醒家人及时关掉水龙头吗? ________________ to turn off the tap in time? 6. 没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。 ________________ without clean water. 7. 节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。 ________________ of fresh water. 8. 我们可以把废水用来浇花,而不是直接倒掉。 ________________ instead of pouring it away. 9. 因为严重的水污染,越来越多河流正处于危险之中。 ________________ because of serious water pollution. 10. 微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。 ________________ to water protection. 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. include → including:include 为动词,在句中作谓语;including 为介词,后接名词。 例:The box includes a pen. / Including me, there are ten students. 2. a little / little(修饰不可数名词):a little 表肯定“一点”;little 表否定“几乎没有”。 例:There is a little water in the glass. / There is little water left. 3. a few / few(修饰可数名词):a few 表肯定“几个”;few 表否定“几乎没有”。 例:I have a few friends here. / I have few friends here. 4. raise / rise:raise 为及物动词“举起/提高/筹集”,须接宾语;rise 为不及物动词“上升/上涨”,不接宾语。 例:We raise our hands. / The sun rises in the east. 5. waste / wasteful / wasted:waste 动/名“浪费”;wasteful 形容词“浪费的”;wasted 形容词“被浪费的/徒劳的”。 例:Don’t waste water. / a wasteful habit / wasted time 二、短语搭配易错 1. pour…into… 把……倒入……(into 不丢) 例:Please pour the milk into the glass. 2. play a part in 在……起作用(in 不丢) 例:Cars play a part in air pollution. 3. run out 与 use up:主语为人用 use up,主语为物用 run out。 例:We used up our money. / The water ran out. 4. take action 采取行动(无宾语,不接 of) 例:We must take action to save water. 5. instead of 代替(of 为介词,后接名词/动名词,不可用 instead do) 例:Use a cup instead of buying a bottle. 三、句型易错点(语法) 1. 时间状语从句:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(主将从现)。 例:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. ✖ 易错表达:If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. 2. 不定代词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数。 例:Something is wrong with my bike. ✖ 易错表达:Something are wrong with my bike. 3. 形容词修饰不定代词时,应放在其后,不放在名词前面。 例:I have something important to tell you. ✖ 易错表达:I have important something to tell you. 4. 感叹句:What + 名词短语;How + 形容词/副词,二者不可混用。 例:What clean water it is! / How clean the water is! ✖ 易错表达:How clean water it is! 5. 提建议句型:should / had better + 动原;Why not + 动原(勿用 Why not to do)。 例:Why not save water? / We should save water. ✖ 易错表达:Why not to save water? 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Water(水),属“人与自然”主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍水的重要性、谈论水污染、给出节水建议、发出节水倡议。写作体裁:说明文、倡议书,词数约 60 词。建议多用一般现在时、情态动词提建议。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. water (n.) 水 2. fresh-water (n.) 淡水 3. save (v.) 节约;拯救 4. protect (v.) 保护 5. pollute (v.) 污染 6. pollution (n.) 污染 7. reuse (v.) 再利用 8. limited (adj.) 有限的 9. valuable (adj.) 宝贵的 10. waste (v. & n.) 浪费 11. resource (n.) 资源 12. tap (n.) 水龙头 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。 Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water. 2. 节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。 It is necessary for us to save every drop of fresh water. 3. 我们可以把废水用来浇花,而不是直接倒掉。 We can reuse waste-water to water flowers instead of pouring it away. 4. 因为严重的水污染,越来越多河流正处于危险之中。 More and more rivers are in danger because of serious water pollution. 5. 微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。 Small actions can make a big difference to water protection. √俗语谚语 1. 保护水资源,从我做起。 Protecting water starts from me. 2. 每一滴水都重要。 Every drop counts. 3. 节约用水,拯救生命。 Save water, save life. √写作典例及思路 水是生命之源,节约用水人人有责。请你以倡议书(或发言稿)的形式,向全校同学介绍水的重要性并给出日常节水建议。 写作要求: 1. 以倡议书(或发言稿)形式书写,注意称呼与落款; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 2 Digital life 核心单词及变形 5 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. ________________ (n.) 优点;优势 → (反)缺点 ______________ 2. ________________ (adj.) 私人的;私密的 → (adv.)私下地 ______________ → (n.)隐私 ______________ 3. ________________ (n.) 健康 → (adj.)健康的 ______________ → (adj.)不健康的 ______________ 4. ________________ (v.) 知会;通知 → (n.)信息 ______________ → (短语)通知某人某事 ______________ 5. ________________ (n.) 连接 → (v.)连接 ______________ → (短语)把……和……连接起来 ______________ 6. ________________ (adj.) 意识到;明白 → (反)未意识到的 ______________ → (短语)意识到;知道 ______________ 7. ________________ (v.) 重复;重说 → (n.)重复 ______________ 8. ________________ (v.) 提醒注意;使警惕 → (短语)警告某人某事 ______________ → (短语)警告某人不要做某事 ______________ 9. ________________ (n.) 益处;成效 → (v.)有益于 ______________ → (adj.)有益的 ______________ 10. ________________ (n.) 结束;结尾 → (v.)结束;得出结论 ______________ → (短语)最后 ______________ 11. ________________ (n.) 病毒 → (复数)病毒 ______________ 12. ________________ (n.) 意见;看法 → (短语)依我看 ______________ 6 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 6 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 查阅信息 ____________________ 2. 与……保持联系 ____________________ 3. 在某人空闲时 ____________________ 4. 在……的帮助下 ____________________ 5. 与此同时 ____________________ 6. 减少;削减 ____________________ 7. 充分利用 ____________________ 8. 注意;关注 ____________________ 9. 面对面交流 ____________________ 10. 上网 ____________________ 11. 处理;应对 ____________________ 12. 而不是;代替 ____________________ 13. 以不同的方式 ____________________ 14. 偶尔;不时 ____________________ 6 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 互联网在我们的日常生活中带来很多便利吗? ________________ in our daily life? 2. 你怎样在网络上和同学们保持联系? ________________ your classmates on the Internet? 3. 上网的时候为什么要留意保护自己的个人信息? ________________ when we go online? 4. 如果你花费过多时间上网,可能会产生哪些不良后果? ________________ on screen? 5. 你愿意减少上网时间,多去户外活动吗? ________________ to spend more time outdoors? 6. 在我看来,青少年应当控制看电子屏幕的时间。 ________________ their screen time. 7. 花费太多时间上网对我们的眼睛有害。 ________________ for our eyes. 8. 合理使用互联网能够给我们带来许多好处。 ________________ many benefits. 9. 我们应该用好数字工具,远离不良信息。 ________________ and stay away from bad information. 10. 为什么在数字时代面对面交流依旧十分重要? ________________ in the digital age? 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. be aware of / be aware that:of 后接名词、代词;that 后接从句。 例:Are you aware of the danger? / I am aware that he is ill. 2. information 为不可数名词,无复数形式,不能用 many 修饰。 例:I have much information. (✗ many informations) 3. advantage / disadvantage:前者“优点”,后者“缺点”。 例:The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages. 4. healthy / health / unhealthy:health 名词“健康”;healthy 形容词“健康的”;unhealthy 形容词“不健康的”。 例:He is healthy. / His health is good. 5. connect / connection:connect 动词“连接”;connection 名词“连接”。 例:Please connect the TV. / a close connection 二、短语搭配易错 1. pay attention to 注意(to 为介词,后接名词/动名词) 例:Pay attention to protecting your eyes. 2. make good use of 充分利用(of 不丢) 例:We should make good use of our time. 3. spend 花费:spend + 时间 + on sth. / (in) doing sth. 例:He spent two hours on homework. / (in) reading. 4. keep in touch with 与……保持联系(with 不丢) 例:I keep in touch with my friends by phone. 5. deal with 处理、应对(with 不丢) 例:We must learn to deal with problems. 三、句型易错点(语法) 1. as soon as 一……就……:主将从现,主句将来时、从句一般现在时。 例:I will call you as soon as I arrive. ✖ 易错表达:I will call you as soon as I will arrive. 2. while 当……时:强调两动作同时进行,常用于进行时态。 例:I was cooking while he was reading. ✖ 易错表达:I was cooking while he comes. 3. too…to… 太……而不能……:to 后接动词原形。 例:He is too young to go to school. ✖ 易错表达:He is too young to going to school. 4. so…that… 如此……以至于……:that 后接从句。 例:He was so tired that he fell asleep. ✖ 易错表达:He was so tired to fall asleep. 5. not only…but also… 不但……而且……:连接并列成分,注意就近原则。 例:Not only you but also he is wrong. ✖ 易错表达:Not only you but also he are wrong. 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Digital life(数字生活),属“人与社会”主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍互联网利弊、谈论如何合理使用电子产品、给同龄人提出上网建议。写作体裁:议论文、建议类短文,词数约 60 词。建议辩证使用对比句型、情态动词提建议。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. Internet (n.) 互联网 2. digital (adj.) 数字的 3. convenient (adj.) 便利的 4. information (n.) 信息 5. screen (n.) 屏幕 6. online (adj. & adv.) 线上的/地 7. advantage (n.) 优点 8. disadvantage (n.) 缺点 9. spend (v.) 花费 10. protect (v.) 保护 11. technology (n.) 科技 12. communicate (v.) 交流 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 互联网给我们的日常生活带来很多便利。 The Internet brings us much convenience in our daily life. 2. 我们可以在网上查阅有用的学习资料。 We can look up useful learning information online. 3. 花费太多时间上网对我们的眼睛有害。 Spending too much time online is bad for our eyes. 4. 青少年减少上网时长是明智的。 It is wise for teenagers to cut down their screen-time. 5. 我们应当用好数字工具,远离不良信息。 We should make good use of digital tools and stay away from bad information. √俗语谚语 1. 科技是一把双刃剑。 Technology is a double-edged sword. 2. 凡事适可而止。 Everything should be done in moderation. 3. 合理使用,方能受益。 Used wisely, it benefits us. √写作典例及思路 网络改变了我们的生活,也带来不少问题。请你以发言稿(或写给编辑部的信)的形式,谈谈数字生活的利与弊,并给出合理使用网络的建议。 写作要求: 1. 以发言稿(或书信)形式书写,注意开头与结尾格式; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 3 Curious minds 核心单词及变形 9 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. ________________ (adj.) 陌生的;不熟悉的 → (反)熟悉的 ______________ → (短语)对……不熟悉 ______________ 2. ________________ (adj.) 不断的;持续的 → (v.)继续;持续 ______________ → (adv.)连续不断地 ______________ 3. ________________ (adj.) 令人吃惊的 → (v.)使吃惊 ______________ → (adj.)感到吃惊的 ______________ 4. ________________ (adj.) 令人同情的;感人的 → (v.)触摸;感动 ______________ → (adj.)受感动的 ______________ 5. ________________ (adj.) 使恼怒的;使生气的 → (v.)使恼怒;打扰 ______________ → (adj.)感到恼火的 ______________ 6. ________________ (v.)(使)变深;加深 → (adj.)深的 ______________ → (n.)深度 ______________ 7. ________________ (n.) 理解;领悟 → (v.)理解;明白 ______________ → (短语)对……更深的理解 ______________ 8. ________________ (adj.) 热衷的;狂热的 → (短语)热衷于;痴迷于 ______________ 9. ________________ (adj.) 近来的;新近的 → (adv.)最近;近来 ______________ 10. ________________ (n.) 结果 → (短语)因此;结果 ______________ 10 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 重点短语 9 / 14 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 查明;弄清 ____________________ 2. 想出;提出 ____________________ 3. 实施;执行(做实验) ____________________ 4. 记笔记 ____________________ 5. 了解;得知 ____________________ 6. 寻求;要求 ____________________ 7. 放弃 ____________________ 8. 在……岁时 ____________________ 9. 起初;一开始 ____________________ 10. 结果;因此 ____________________ 11. 独自;独立地 ____________________ 12. 怀着好奇心 ____________________ 13. 在不同领域 ____________________ 14. 不断尝试 ____________________ 13 / 13 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 必背句型 1. 你有没有好奇过树叶为什么会在秋天变色? ________________ their colours in autumn? 2. 自然界当中哪一个奥秘是你最想解开的? ________________ to find out? 3. 你空闲的时候有没有做过简单的科学小实验? ________________ in your free time? 4. 当你在科学探究中多次失败的时候,你会很快放弃吗? ________________ does not go well? 5. 好奇心激励着我们更加深入地探索身边的世界。 ________________ into the world around us. 6. 即使实验多次失败也不要放弃。 ________________ your experiment several times. 7. 许多伟大的发现都源于简单的疑问。 ________________ simple questions. 8. 当我们终于查明真相的时候,总会收获满满的喜悦。 ________________ the truth. 9. 坚持不懈的尝试是解开大部分科学难题的关键。 ________________ to solving most difficult science problems. 10. 你将来想成为一名科学家,做出属于自己的发现吗? ________________ and make your own discovery one day? 单元易错点归纳 一、词汇易混辨析 1. surprising / surprised:surprising 修饰事物“令人惊讶的”;surprised 修饰人“感到惊讶的”。 例:The news is surprising. / I am surprised at the news. 2. touching / touched:前者“令人感动的”(事物),后者“受感动的”(人)。 例:It is a touching story. / I was touched by the story. 3. unfamiliar with / unfamiliar to:with 主语是人;to 某物对人是陌生的。 例:I am unfamiliar with the city. / The city is unfamiliar to me. 4. interesting / interested:interesting 修饰事物“有趣的”;interested 修饰人“感兴趣的”。 例:The book is interesting. / I am interested in science. 5. continuous / continue / continuously:continue 动词“继续”;continuous 形容词“持续的”;continuously 副词“持续地”。 例:Please continue. / continuous rain / rain continuously 二、短语搭配易错 1. be crazy about 热衷于(about 为介词,后接名词/动名词) 例:He is crazy about playing football. 2. give up 放弃(up 为副词,代词放中间:give it up) 例:Never give up your dream. / give it up 3. ask for 寻求(for 不丢) 例:You can ask for help when in trouble. 4. carry out 实施、执行(out 为副词,代词放中间:carry it out) 例:We carry out an experiment. / carry it out 5. by oneself 独自(oneself 随人称变化:myself/yourself) 例:The child can do it by himself. 三、句型易错点(语法·动词不定式) 1. 动词 + to do 作宾语:agree, decide, hope, learn, want 等。 例:I decided to join the science club. ✖ 易错表达:I decided join the science club. 2. 动词 + 宾语 + to do 作宾补:tell, ask, teach, want 等。 例:The teacher asked me to read aloud. ✖ 易错表达:The teacher asked me reading aloud. 3. 使役/感官动词(let, make, see)后省略 to。 例:The story made me laugh. ✖ 易错表达:The story made me to laugh. 4. 疑问词 + to do:what / how 等疑问词可接不定式,作宾语。 例:I don’t know what to do next. ✖ 易错表达:I don’t know what do next. 5. It is + adj. + to do:it 作形式主语,真正主语是 to do。 例:It is important to keep curious. ✖ 易错表达:It is important keep curious. 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元话题 Curious minds(好奇心),属“人与自然”主题语境。常考写作任务:谈论好奇心的重要性、介绍一位科学家、分享一次探索或实验经历。写作体裁:记叙文、议论文,词数约 60 词。建议用连词叙述事情发展顺序,表达对探索精神的看法。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1. curiosity (n.) 好奇心 2. curious (adj.) 好奇的 3. explore (v.) 探索 4. discover (v.) 发现 5. experiment (n.) 实验 6. scientist (n.) 科学家 7. observe (v.) 观察 8. succeed (v.) 成功 9. fail (v.) 失败 10. valuable (adj.) 宝贵的 11. discovery (n.) 发现 12. research (n. & v.) 研究 √素材积累——话题金句 1. 好奇心激励我们去探索身边的世界。 Curiosity encourages us to explore the world around us. 2. 我们可以通过观察生活中的小事学到很多。 We can learn a lot by observing small things in our daily life. 3. 即使实验多次失败也不要放弃。 Never give up even if you fail your experiment several times. 4. 许多伟大的发现都源于简单的疑问。 Many great discoveries come from simple questions. 5. 当我们终于查明真相的时候总是令人激动。 It is always exciting when we finally find out the truth. √俗语谚语 1. 好奇心是学习的钥匙。 Curiosity is the key to learning. 2. 坚持就是胜利。 Persistence leads to victory. 3. 实践出真知。 Practice brings true knowledge. √写作典例及思路 好奇心带我们探索未知的世界。请你以“The Value of _____”为题,结合一次探索或实验经历,谈谈好奇心的重要性。 写作要求: 1. 补全标题中的名词; 2. 条理清楚,行文连贯,可适当发挥; 3. 文中不得出现学生的真实姓名和学校名称; 4. 词数不少于 60。 The Value of __________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $

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专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文(期中知识清单)八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制
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专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文(期中知识清单)八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制
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专题01 Units 1~3 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作素材范文(期中知识清单)八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版五四制
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