Unit 3 Curious minds 动词不定式（核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 以动词不定式“功能-结构-动词”三维体系为核心，系统覆盖作宾语、宾补、目的状语的用法，通过规则归纳与梯度练习提升语言应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |作宾语|20个核心动词+5例句|动词+to do结构，否定在to前（特殊动词需借助助动词）|从基本结构到否定变式，建立动词与句法功能的对应关系| |作宾补|16个核心动词+6例句|动词+宾语+to do，使役/感官动词后省to|区分带to与省to的动词类型，强化复合宾语结构认知| |作目的状语|2基础例句+2倒装句|句末/句首表目的（句首加逗号）|通过位置变化理解状语功能，掌握目的表达的灵活性| |综合应用|20道选择+8道转换/翻译+4篇完形|语境中识别功能，结合时态/语态灵活运用|从单一功能到语篇综合，实现知识向语言能力的迁移|

Unit 3 Curious minds核心语法精练 动词不定式 1.My dream is ________ around the world one day. A. to travel B. travelling C. travel D. travelled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的梦想是有一天环游世界。 考查非谓语动词。to travel动词不定式；travelling动名词/现在分词；travel动词原形；travelled过去式/过去分词。根据“My dream is...”可知，此处是“主系表”结构，表示“梦想是……”，常用动词不定式作表语。故选A。 2.His ambition is ________ a fast-food restaurant on the moon in the future. A. open B. opening C. to open D. opened 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的志向是未来在月球上开一家快餐店。 考查动词不定式。open动词原形；opening动名词或现在分词；to open动词不定式；opened过去式或过去分词。根据“His ambition is...a fast-food restaurant on the moon in the future.”可知，句中“is”为系动词，此处需填入表语，说明主语“ambition”的具体内容。动词不定式可作表语，用于说明主语的具体内容、目的或愿望，“to open”符合语境。故选C。 3.Lu Yao is such a friendly girl that she offers ______ me around Kunming. A. show B. to show C. showing D. to showing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：路遥是一个如此友好的女孩，以至于她主动提出带我参观昆明。 考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth“主动提出做某事”，此处用动词show的不定式形式作宾语。故选B。 4.It was Tom’s curious mind that led him ______ the secret of the ancient ruins. A. discover B. to discover C. discovering D. discovered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：正是汤姆的好奇心促使他发现了古遗址的秘密。 考查非谓语动词。lead sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“促使某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 5.Ben called the manager of the restaurant, ________ to complain about their poor service. A. hoped B. to hope C. hopes D. hoping 【答案】D 【详解】句意：本给餐厅经理打了电话，想要投诉他们糟糕的服务。 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词“called”，因此“hope”应用非谓语形式。此处表示伴随动作，且主语“Ben”是动作“hope”的执行者，应用现在分词“hoping”。故选D。 6. Dr Gu’s speech at New Star Middle School made all the teachers and students __________ shocked. A. to feel B. feel C. feeling D. felt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：顾博士在新星中学的演讲使所有老师和学生感到震惊。 考查非谓语动词。to feel动词不定式；feel动词原形；feeling动名词或现在分词；felt过去式或过去分词。根据“made all the teachers and students...shocked”以及选项可知，应用动词原形feel，作宾语补足语，表示使所有老师和学生感到震惊。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”。故选B。 7.I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A. read; watch B. read; to watch C. to read; to watch D. to read; watch 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我的空闲时间，我更喜欢读书而不是看电视。 考查prefer的固定搭配。read读，动词原形；to read读，动词不定式；watch看，动词原形；to watch看，动词不定式。prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，固定搭配。根据此结构，第一个空应填“to read”，第二个空应填“watch”。故选D。 8.The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous. A. not swim B. not swimming C. not to swim D. don’t swim 【答案】C 【详解】句意：警察警告学生们不要在河里游泳，因为这很危险。 考查动词不定式的否定形式。根据“because it is dangerous”可知，该语境表示“警告学生不能在河里游泳”，表示否定含义。warn sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“警告某人不要做某事”。故选C。 9.The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities ________ knowledge with schools in rural areas. A. share B. sharing C. to share D. to sharing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：印度的互联网项目使得城市的顶尖学校能够与农村地区的学校分享知识。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities...knowledge with schools in rural areas.”可知，enable sb./sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使……能够做某事”，此处需用动词不定式to share。故选C。 10. It is impolite to interrupt others ________ when they are talking. (continue) 【答案】to continue 【详解】句意：打断别人说话是不礼貌的。interrupt是一个动词，意思是“打断，中断”，当我们要表达某人或某事打断了另一个动作时，interrupt后面应该接动词不定式to do。continue的动词不定式为to continue。故填to continue。 11. My little brother’s dream is that he will become an astronaut to explore space. (改为简单句) My little brother’s dream is ________ ________ an astronaut to explore space. 【答案】to become 【详解】句意：我弟弟的梦想是他将成为一名宇航员去探索太空。原句是表语从句，改为简单句可以用动词不定式作表语，即“My little brother’s dream is to become an astronaut to explore space.”。故填to；become。 12. To keep the mud out, I place a piece of cloth over the mouth of the water pot. (划线提问) ___________________________________________________________________________? 【答案】Why do you place a piece of cloth over the mouth of the water pot 【详解】句意：为了把泥挡在外面，我在水壶口上放了一块布。根据划线部分“To keep the mud out”可知，这是动词不定式短语作目的状语，表示动作的目的。对“目的”进行提问，应用特殊疑问词Why引导。原句变疑问句时，主语I需变为第二人称you；谓语动词place是实义动词原形，时态为一般现在时，故需借助助动词do。句首单词首字母需大写。故填Why do you place a piece of cloth over the mouth of the water pot。 13. A digital wallet allows you to use a smartwatch to pay in shops. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What does a digital wallet allow you to do? 【详解】句意：数字钱包允许你做什么？划线部分为“to use a smartwatch to pay in shops”，这里是提问“允许你做的具体事情”，即其功能或目的。应用“what…to do?”结构来对动词不定式表示的动作进行提问。原句主语是“a digital wallet”，谓语动词“allows”为一般现在时第三人称单数。提问时，需将疑问词“What”置于句首，后接一般疑问句语序“does + 主语 + allow + 宾语 + to do?”，其中“to do”替代原划线部分。故填What does a digital wallet allow you to do? 14. liters, we, need, of, cook the soup, water, do, to, how many （连词成句） __________________________________________________? 【答案】How many liters of water do we need to cook the soup 【详解】根据所给标点符号和单词可知，本句是特殊疑问句。how many是特殊疑问词，位于句首，后接可数名词复数liters，需搭配介词of连接不可数名词water；do是助动词，放在主语we之前；need是谓语，后接不定式结构“to cook the soup”作目的状语。故填How many liters of water do we need to cook the soup“我们做这汤需要多少升水”。 15. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. (改为简单句) _________________________________________________________ 【答案】The boy is too young to go to school. 【详解】句意：这个男孩年纪太小了，还不能去上学。so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，此处可以转换成“too+形容词+to do”的形式，表示“太……而不能……”。故填The boy is too young to go to school. 16.I go to school. I learn new things. (用动词不定式合并成句子) _______________________________________________________. 【答案】I go to school to learn new things 【详解】句意：我去上学。我学习新东西。此处可改为“我去上学是为了学习新东西”，用动词不定式作目的状语，合并成句子可表达为“I go to school to learn new things.”。故填I go to school to learn new things. 17.灭火机器人使拯救生命变得更安全。(it作形式宾语) __________________________________________________________ 【答案】Firefighting robots make it safer to save lives. 【详解】根据汉语可知，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；firefighting robots“灭火机器人”，作主语；make it+形容词+to do sth“使做某事变得……”，固定搭配，it作形式宾语；safer“更安全的”，形容词比较级；save lives“拯救生命”，动词短语。故填Firefighting robots make it safer to save lives. 18.重启可以解决这个问题。(solve) ____________________________________ 【答案】To restart it can solve the problem. 【详解】该句陈述事实，可以用一般现在时表达。To restart it“重启（某个设备）”，此处用it指代某个设备，不定式短语作主语；can情态动词；solve“解决”，谓语；the problem“这个问题”，宾语。故填To restart it can solve the problem. 19.我想向经理投诉我上周买的电脑。 ___________________________________________ 【答案】I want to complain to the manager about the computer I bought last week. 【详解】“我想”表达为“I want to”，表示意愿；“complain to sb. about sth.”是固定搭配，表示“向某人投诉某事”；the manager“经理”；“我上周买的电脑”是一个定语从句，修饰“电脑”，译为“the computer I bought last week”。故填I want to complain to the manager about the computer I bought last week. 20.成年人需要为学龄前儿童提供一个安全且有趣的学习环境。（grown-up, provide, preschooler） _______________________________________________________ 【答案】Grown-ups need to provide a safe and interesting learning environment for preschoolers. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为一般现在时的肯定句，表示客观需要和普遍情况。Grown-ups“成年人”，复数名词作主语；need“需要”，作谓语动词；to provide为动词不定式，作need的宾语，provide…for…表示“为……提供……”；a safe and interesting learning environment表示“一个安全且有趣的学习环境”，safe和interesting为并列形容词修饰environment；for为介词；preschoolers“学龄前儿童”，复数名词作宾语。句意完整，语法正确。故填Grown-ups need to provide a safe and interesting learning environment for preschoolers. 1.Choose the best answer to complete the passage.(根据文章内容选择恰当的选项) There are several ____1____ restaurants in every big city. They often serve similar food ____2____ similar prices—so how do they attract customers? Most restaurants try to offer good food and great service and they hope customers ____3____ again and again. But some restaurants offer a gimmick (花招). It’s something unusual to make their restaurant different from all the others. Sometimes the gimmick is the restaurant’s location. El Diablo is a Spanish restaurant on a volcano. The cooks use heat from the volcano ____4____ the food. Or how about an underwater restaurant? Or you can go to the other extreme and choose Dinner in the Sky. Here, customers enjoy their meal at a table 50 metres in the air. The company has restaurants in 45 different countries. ____5____ amazing experience but don’t drop your knife or fork! The people below will be in danger. At Ithaa, a restaurant in the Maldives, you can have dinner five metres below the Indian Ocean and watch sharks and turtles ____6____ you eat. People often complain ____7____ the seats in planes. There isn’t enough space. They don’t sit comfortably. ____8____ surely a restaurant inside a plane is a bad idea. Well, maybe not. In a restaurant in Ghana, you can have lunch or dinner inside an old plane. The waiter brings your food and drink on a trolley! Other restaurants offer extra comfort. At the Hammock Café in Sri Lanka, there are hammocks (吊床) instead of chairs. And in ____9____ restaurant in Miami, Florida, there are only beds. On each bed there is a candle and a tray. People go to restaurants to eat, chat with their friends and relax. But some restaurants ask their customers to work for their food. Zauo is a popular restaurant in Tokyo, Japan. It is a fish restaurant, but the customers do not order their fish from the menu—they have to catch it. Inside the restaurant, all of the tables are on a boat, with water all around. There are different fish in different parts of the water. They choose their fish and then try ____10____ it! 1. A. thousands of B. thousand C. thousand of 2. A. at B. on C. in 3. A. came back B. to come back C. will come back 4. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking 5. A. What an B. What C. How 6. A. before B. while C. as soon as 7. A. to B. about C. with 8. A. However B. Actually C. So 9. A. another B. the other C. other 10. A. caught B. catching C. to catch 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 【导语】本文介绍了世界各地一些不走寻常路的特色餐厅，它们靠独特的地理位置、新奇的用餐环境，甚至让顾客自己动手抓鱼的互动体验，来吸引顾客，以此在竞争激烈的餐饮市场中脱颖而出。 【1题详解】 句意：每个大城市都有数千家餐馆。 thousands of成千上万的；thousand千；thousand of错误表达。根据“There are several...restaurants in every big city.”可知，此处修饰名词restaurants，且空前有several，应填thousand，表示数千家餐馆。故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：它们经常供应相似的食物，价格也相近——那么它们如何吸引顾客呢？ at在；on在……上面；in在……里面。“at similar prices”是固定搭配，表示“以相似的价格”，at可用来表示价格、速度等具体数值。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：大多数餐厅都努力提供美味的食物和优质的服务，希望顾客能一次又一次地光顾。 came back回来，动词过去式；to come back回来，动词不定式；will come back将回来，一般将来时。根据“they hope customers...again and again”可知，hope后接宾语从句，从句用将来时表示“希望顾客会一次又一次回来”。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：厨师们利用火山的热量来烹饪食物。 cook烹饪，动词原形；to cook烹饪，动词不定式；cooking烹饪，动名词。“use sth to do sth”是固定用法，表示“用某物做某事”，所以这里用to cook，表示“厨师用火山的热量来烹饪食物”。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：这真是一次令人惊叹的体验，但千万别把刀叉掉下去！ What an引导感叹句，中心词是单数名词；What引导感叹句，中心词是复数名词；How引导感叹句，中心词是形容词/副词。根据“...amazing experience”可知，experience“体验”，是可数名词单数，且amazing以元音音素开头，所以用What an。故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：在马尔代夫的Ithaa餐厅，你可以在印度洋水下五米处用餐，吃饭的时候你还能看到鲨鱼和海龟。 before在……之前；while当……时；as soon as一……就……。根据“Ocean and watch sharks and turtles...you eat.”可知，强调两个动作同时发生，应填while。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：人们经常抱怨飞机上的座位。 to到；about关于；with和。“complain about sth”固定搭配，表示“抱怨某事”。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：所以，飞机内部设餐厅肯定是个糟糕的主意。 However然而；Actually实际上；So所以。根据“There isn’t enough space. They don’t sit comfortably...surely a restaurant inside a plane is a bad idea.”可知，前文说“空间不足，坐得不舒服”，后面说“飞机里的餐厅肯定是个坏主意”，这是因果关系，所以用So。故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：在佛罗里达州迈阿密的另一家餐厅，里面只有床。 another另一（事物或人）；the other（两者中的）另一个；other其他的。根据“And in...restaurant in Miami,”another表示“另一个（不确定的）”，这里指“在迈阿密的另一家餐厅”，不是特指某一个，所以用another。故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：他们选择他们的鱼，然后试着去抓住它！ caught抓住，动词过去式；catching抓住，现在分词；to catch抓住，动词不定式。“try to do sth”表示“努力去做某事”，这里指“他们选择鱼然后努力去抓住它”，所以用to catch。故选C。 2.Choose the best answer.(选择最佳的答案) The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars (战争). Now, they were at peace. But one day, a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused another war between the two countries. The pig was owned by a British man who lived on ____6____ rural island. The island was just off the western part of North America. Both England and the US said the island was ____7____. Across the island from the British man lived some American farmers. ____8____ on the island got along peacefully. But the peace ended the day the British man's pig decided ____9____ some of an American farmer’s potatoes. One of the American farmers shot and killed the pig. Then the pig’s owner wanted $100 from the man who shot the animal. That was a lot of money, ____10____ the farmer refused to pay it. The British and Americans began to argue, and the situation got much ____11____. The farmers asked the governor of the island at that time for help. He sent a group of soldiers ____12____ the farmers. The British answered by sending 2,000 soldiers. The British were on one side of the island, and the Americans were on the other. The problem that began with the pig was about to become a shooting war. When news of the problem reached Washington and London, both leaders were ____13____. Neither country wanted another war. They sent some men to try to fix the problem. After a discussion, it was decided that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island. They would stay there ____14____ the two countries could decide who owned the island. Then the others would have to leave. Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give up the island, and they came up ____15____ an idea. They asked the leader of Germany to help decide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would get the island. Finally, the Pig War was over, and only one shot was fired. That was the shot that killed the pig! 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves 8. A. Someone B. Anyone C. No one D. Everyone 9. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate 10. A. but B. or C. for D. so 11. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst 12. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 13. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 14. A. while B. as C. until D. after 15. A. with B. of C. for D. to 【答案】6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】 本文介绍了1859年因一头猪引发的一场差点导致英美再次开战的事件。 【6题详解】 句意：这头猪属于一个住在农村岛屿上的英国人。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“rural island”可知，此处表泛指，且rural以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：英格兰和美国都说这个岛是他们的。 them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据“Both England and the US said the island was...”可知，此处指“他们的”，且空格后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词theirs。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：岛上的每个人都和平相处。 Someone某人；Anyone任何人；No one没有人；Everyone每个人。根据“...on the island got along peacefully.”可知，此处指岛上的每个人都和平相处。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：但是，当那个英国人的猪决定吃一个美国农民的一些土豆时，和平就结束了。 eat吃，动词原形；to eat吃，动词不定式；eating吃，动名词或现在分词；ate吃，动词过去式。根据“the British man's pig decided...some of an American farmer’s potatoes.”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：那是一大笔钱，所以农民拒绝支付。 but但是；or或者；for为了；so所以。根据“That was a lot of money,...the farmer refused to pay it.”可知，前后句为因果关系，前因后果，应用so连接。故选D。 【11题详解】 句意：英国人和美国人开始争吵，情况变得更糟了。 bad坏的，形容词原级；badly坏地，副词原级；worse更坏的，比较级；worst最坏的，最高级。根据“much”可知，此处应用比较级，表示情况变得更糟了。故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：他派了一队士兵去保护农民。 protect保护，动词原形；to protect保护，动词不定式；protecting保护，动名词或现在分词；protected保护，动词过去式或过去分词。根据“He sent a group of soldiers...the farmers.”可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示派士兵去保护农民。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：当这个问题传到华盛顿和伦敦时，两国领导人都感到惊讶。 surprise惊讶，名词或动词；surprised惊讶的，形容词，修饰人；surprising惊讶的，形容词，修饰物；surprisingly惊讶地，副词。根据“both leaders were...”可知，此处应用形容词作表语，且修饰人，应用surprised。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：他们会一直待在那里，直到两国能决定谁拥有这个岛。 while当；as随着；until直到；after在……之后。根据“They would stay there...the two countries could decide who owned the island.”可知，此处指直到两国能决定谁拥有这个岛，他们才会离开，应用until引导时间状语从句。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：双方都不想放弃这个岛，他们想出了一个主意。 with和；of……的；for为了；to到。根据“they came up...an idea”可知，come up with“想出”，固定短语。故选A。 3.Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案) Last month, my class noticed a big problem: water was being wasted everywhere in our school. In the bathroom, taps ____1____ running after students washed their hands. In the garden, the sprinklers (洒水装置) sometimes worked for hours even on rainy days. We knew water is precious, so we decided ____2____ something. First, our teacher helped us make a plan. It included three steps: ____3____ where water was wasted, telling everyone about saving water, and fixing small problems. We were divided into groups. My group did research around the school. We found that a broken tap in the corner of the playground dripped water all day. We also saw that some students used twenty litres of water just to clean ____4____ small cups—that’s too much! We talked to the headmaster, and he agreed to help. The school fixed the broken tap, and we put ____5____ posters with slogans like “Save every drop!” A nearby factory even gave us small water meters to track usage. At first, some students thought our activity was boring, but soon they joined in. They started turning off taps tightly and reusing water to water plants. ____6____, the change spread. Now our school ____7____ 30% less water than before. Last week, the headmaster praised our class in the morning assembly. We felt proud ____8____ we helped protect water resources. This experience taught me that everyone ____9____ make ____10____ difference—even small actions matter for saving water. 1. A. were left B. left C. were leaving 2. A. do B. to do C. doing 3. A. checking B. checked C. to check 4. A. them B. their C. themselves 5. A. off B. on C. up 6. A. slow B. slowly C. quickly 7. A. uses B. will use C. used 8. A. but B. because C. so 9. A. may B. must C. can 10. A. / B. the C. a 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者所在班级发现学校存在水资源浪费问题，通过调查、宣传和实际行动（如修理水龙头、张贴标语、使用水表）发起节水活动。起初部分同学不感兴趣，但最终大家积极参与，使学校用水量减少30%，并获得校长表扬。作者由此感悟到每个人都能为节约水资源做出贡献。 【1题详解】 句意：在卫生间，学生们洗手后，水龙头就被开着不管了。 were left被留下，一般过去时被动语态；left留下，一般过去时主动语态；were leaving正在离开，过去进行时。根据“after students washed their hands”可知，水龙头是“被（人）留下/开着”的状态，应用被动语态，且描述过去的普遍现象。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：所以我们决定做点什么。 do做，原形；to do去做，不定式；doing做，动名词。根据“decided”可知，短语“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：它包括三个步骤：检查哪里有水资源浪费，告诉每个人节约用水，以及解决小问题。 checking检查，动名词；checked检查，过去式；to check去检查，不定式。根据“included three steps:...where water was wasted...”可知，空处与“telling”、“fixing”并列，作“steps”的同位语，应用动名词形式。故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：我们还看到一些学生用二十升水只清洗他们的小杯子——那太多了！ them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空后为名词“small cups”，需用形容词性物主代词“their”修饰。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：学校修好了坏掉的水龙头，我们还张贴了带有“节约每一滴水！”等口号的标语。 off关掉，离开；on在……上；up向上。根据“posters with slogans”可知，短语“put up posters”意为“张贴海报”。故选C。 【6题详解】 句意：渐渐地，变化蔓延开来。 slow慢的，形容词；slowly慢慢地，副词；quickly快速地，副词。根据“At first, some students thought...but soon they joined in.”可知，变化是“逐渐地”发生的。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词“slowly”。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：现在我们学校使用的水比之前少了30%。 uses使用，第三人称单数；will use将使用；used使用，过去式。根据时间状语“Now”可知，描述当前状况，应用一般现在时，主语“our school”为单数，动词需用三单形式“uses”。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：我们感到自豪，因为我们帮助保护了水资源。 but但是；because因为；so所以。根据“We felt proud...we helped protect water resources.”可知，空后是感到自豪的原因，应用“because”引导原因状语从句。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：这次经历告诉我，每个人都能产生影响。 may可以，表许可或可能性；must必须，表义务；can能够，表能力。根据“—even small actions matter”可知，强调每个人都有能力产生影响，应用“can”。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：这次经历告诉我，每个人都能产生影响。 /零冠词；the特指，这个，那个；a一个，泛指。根据“make...difference”可知，短语“make a difference”为固定搭配，意为“产生影响”。故选C。 4.Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案） Wan Hu was a man in the Ming Dynasty. He was very curious ____7____ the sky and stars, so he decided to build a machine to fly. His helpers agreed ____8____ him with this dangerous work after hearing ____9____ plan. Before starting, Wan Hu asked his helpers to find something useful for his flying chair. After several failures, he tried ____10____ kites and rockets (火箭) together. Finally, they built a special chair. The big day came. Wan Hu sat on the chair, looking at the sky. His helpers lit the rockets. The fire and loud noise made everyone ____11____ nervous and worried. But they kept telling themselves ____12____ would go wrong. They waited ____13____ all the rockets were lit. However, a terrible thing happened. While some rockets ____14____ properly, others were already burning out of control. Soon Wan Hu and his chair ____15____ in the smoke. Till today, people still find Wan Hu’s story very ____16____. His spirit continues to encourage the ____17____, and acts as a guiding light for all the explorers. ____18____ his spirit, we will tell his story from generation to generation. 7. A. with B. of C. about 8. A. help B. to help C. helping 9. A. a B. an C. the 10. A. to putting B. put C. putting 11. A. feel B. to feel C. feeling 12. A. something B. anything C. nothing 13. A. before B. until C. after 14. A. fired B. are firing C. were firing 15. A. disappeared B. will disappear C. would disappear 16. A. touch B. touched C. touching 17. A. brave B. bravely C. braver 18. A. Remember B. To remember C. Remembering 【答案】7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了明代万户对天空和星星充满好奇，尝试制作飞行装置的故事，他的精神一直鼓舞着后人。 【7题详解】 句意：他对天空和星星非常好奇，所以决定制造一个飞行装置。 with和……一起；of……的；about关于。根据“He was very curious ... the sky and stars”可知，“be curious about”是固定搭配，意为“对……好奇”。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：他的助手们听了他的计划后，同意帮助他做这项危险的工作。 help帮助，动词原形；to help帮助，动词不定式；helping帮助，动名词/现在分词。根据“agreed ... him with this dangerous work”可知，“agree to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“同意做某事”。故选B。 【9题详解】 句意：他的助手们听了他的计划后，同意帮助他做这项危险的工作。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词，表特指。根据“after hearing ... plan”可知，此处特指万户的计划，用定冠词the。故选C。 【10题详解】 句意：几次失败后，他试着把风筝和火箭筒放在一起。 to putting错误表达；put放，动词原形；putting放，动名词/现在分词。根据“tried ... kites and rockets (火箭筒) together”可知，“try doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“尝试做某事”。故选C。 【11题详解】 句意：火和巨大的噪音让每个人都感到紧张和担心。 feel感觉，动词原形；to feel感觉，动词不定式；feeling感觉，动名词/现在分词。根据“made everyone ... nervous and worried”可知，“make sb. do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”。故选A。 【12题详解】 句意：但他们一直告诉自己不会出什么差错。 something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句；nothing没有什么。根据“But they kept telling themselves ... would go wrong.”可知，此处表示不会出问题，nothing符合语境。故选C。 【13题详解】 句意：他们一直等到所有的火箭都点燃了。 before在……之前；until直到；after在……之后。根据“They waited ... all the rockets were lit.”可知，“wait until”是固定搭配，意为“等到……”。故选B。 【14题详解】 句意：当一些火箭正常发射时，另一些已经失控燃烧了。 fired发射，过去式/过去分词；are firing正在发射，现在进行时；were firing 正在发射，过去进行时。根据“While some rockets ... properly, others were already burning out of control.”可知，while引导的时间状语从句常用进行时，结合“were”可知用过去进行时。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：很快，万户和他的椅子消失在烟雾中。 disappeared消失，过去式；will disappear将消失，一般将来时；would disappear会消失，过去将来时。根据上下文可知，本文叙述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故选A。 【16题详解】 句意：直到今天，人们仍然觉得万户的故事很动人。 touch触摸，动词原形；touched触摸，过去式/过去分词；touching动人，形容词。根据“people still find Wan Hu’s story very ...”可知，此处需要形容词作宾语补足语，touching符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：他的精神继续鼓舞着勇敢的人，并为所有的探险家指明方向。 brave勇敢的，形容词；bravely勇敢地，副词；braver更勇敢的，形容词比较级。根据“encourage the ...”可知，此处需要形容词，the brave指“勇敢的人们”。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：为了纪念他的精神，我们将世世代代讲述他的故事。 Remember记住，动词原形；To remember为了记住，动词不定式，表目的；Remembering记住，动名词/现在分词。根据“... his spirit, we will tell his story from generation to generation.”可知，此处用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Curious minds核心语法精练 动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，它在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。动词不定式的基本形式是 “to+动词原形”，但to有时可以省略。本单元主要讲解其充当宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。 1.动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式作宾语的基本结构是：动词+动词不定式。 下面这些动词后可以跟动词不定式作宾语： agree decide fail forget hope learn manage need offer plan promise refuse remember seem start try want wish Tina has decided to sell her car. 蒂娜决定把车卖了。 You forgot to switch off the light when you went out. 你出门的时候忘记关灯了。 My brother is learning to drive. 我弟弟正在学开车。 It's not very late. We don't need to go home yet. 时间还不算晚，我们还不必回家。 I tried to read my book but I was too tired. 我努力想看书，但我太累了。 What do you want to do this evening? 你今晚想做什么？ 动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。如： Sandy agrees not to go with them. 桑迪同意不和他们一起去。 Millie decided not to stay at home. 米莉决定不待在家里。 但是并非所有的动词都可以这样用。如： (×) Kitty plans not to take Linda out. (√) Kitty doesn't plan to take Linda out. 凯蒂不打算带琳达出去。 (×) Linda wanted not to visit the park. (√) Linda didn't want to visit the park. 琳达不想去公园。 2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语的基本结构是：动词+宾语 (名词/代词)+动词不定式。 下面这些动词后可以跟动词不定式作宾语补足语： advise allow ask encourage expect force invite order persuade remind teach tell want warn wish would like What do you advise me to do? 你建议我做什么？ Sue asked a friend to lend her some money. 苏要求她的朋友借钱给她。 We persuaded George to come with us. 我们说服了乔治和我们一起来。 I taught my brother to swim. 我教我弟弟游泳。 Paul told Sue not to wait for him. 保罗叫苏不要等他。 I want you to be happy. 我希望你快乐。 Would you like me to lend you some money? 你需要我借你点钱吗？ 在动词不定式作宾语补足语的结构中，谓语动词如果是下列动词，不定式中不可带to： 使役动词： let make have 感官动词： feel hear see watch The teacher let Jane leave school early. 老师允许简提早离校。 I made him tell me the truth. 我迫使他告诉了我真相。 The boss had the workers work for long hours. 老板让员工长时间工作。 I heard your sister shout “Fire!” 我听见你妹妹大叫 “着火了！” Tom saw a car come round the corner. 汤姆看到转角来了辆车。 I watched them play in the playground. 我看着他们在操场上玩。 3. 动词不定式作目的状语 动词不定式作目的状语时，表示主语为了某一目的而进行某一动作。如： He went to the library to borrow some books. 他去图书馆借书。(to borrow some books表示去图书馆的目的。) They took a taxi to get to the train station on time. 他们乘出租车以便准时到达火车站。(to get to the train station on time表示坐出租车的目的。) 动词不定式作目的状语也可以放在句首，但目的状语后需要加逗号 (, )。上两句句子可以改写为： To borrow some books, he went to the library. To get to the train station on time, they took a taxi. 1.My dream is ________ around the world one day. A. to travel B. travelling C. travel D. travelled 2.His ambition is ________ a fast-food restaurant on the moon in the future. A. open B. opening C. to open D. opened 3.Lu Yao is such a friendly girl that she offers ______ me around Kunming. A. show B. to show C. showing D. to showing 4.It was Tom’s curious mind that led him ______ the secret of the ancient ruins. A. discover B. to discover C. discovering D. discovered 5.Ben called the manager of the restaurant, ________ to complain about their poor service. A. hoped B. to hope C. hopes D. hoping 6. Dr Gu’s speech at New Star Middle School made all the teachers and students __________ shocked. A. to feel B. feel C. feeling D. felt 7.I prefer __________ a book rather than __________ TV in my free time. A. read; watch B. read; to watch C. to read; to watch D. to read; watch 8.The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous. A. not swim B. not swimming C. not to swim D. don’t swim 9.The Internet project in India enables top schools in cities ________ knowledge with schools in rural areas. A. share B. sharing C. to share D. to sharing 10. It is impolite to interrupt others ________ when they are talking. (continue) 11. My little brother’s dream is that he will become an astronaut to explore space. (改为简单句) My little brother’s dream is ________ ________ an astronaut to explore space. 12. To keep the mud out, I place a piece of cloth over the mouth of the water pot. (划线提问) ___________________________________________________________________________? 13. A digital wallet allows you to use a smartwatch to pay in shops. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________________________________ 14. liters, we, need, of, cook the soup, water, do, to, how many （连词成句） __________________________________________________? 15. The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. (改为简单句) _________________________________________________________ 16.I go to school. I learn new things. (用动词不定式合并成句子) _______________________________________________________. 17.灭火机器人使拯救生命变得更安全。(it作形式宾语) __________________________________________________________ 18.重启可以解决这个问题。(solve) ____________________________________ 19.我想向经理投诉我上周买的电脑。 ___________________________________________ 20.成年人需要为学龄前儿童提供一个安全且有趣的学习环境。（grown-up, provide, preschooler） _______________________________________________________ I. Choose the best answer. 1．Everyone in our team should do their part ________ the task on time. A．to finish B．finishing C．finish D．finished 2．There are so many kinds of books here. I have no idea ________. A．when to choose B．where to choose C．which one to choose D．how to choose 3．Kelly is so friendly. She offers ________ me around Kunming. A．show B．to show C．showing D．to showing 4．—What about playing a skateboard?—My parents don’t allow me _________ that sport because they think it’s dangerous. A．do B．doing C．to do D．done 5．I forgot ________ the key ________him this morning. Therefore, he can’t enter the flat now. A．providing, with B．providing, for C．to provide, for D．to provide, with 6．A curious mind can drive people ________ new knowledge and discover amazing things. A．explore B．to explore C．exploring D．explored 7．It was his curious mind that led him ________ the secret of the ancient ruins. A．discover B．to discover C．discovering D．discovered 8．—May Day holiday is coming. Which city are you going to visit?—Oh, I haven’t decided ______. A．where to go B．how to visit it C．what to read D．who to ask 9．My grandmother often encourages me ________ hard to make my dream come true. A．studied B．studies C．to study D．studying. 10．—Excuse me, do you know ________ the concert tickets?—Sure. At the box office near the front door. A．how to get B．when to get C．what to get D．where to get II..Choose the best answer to complete the passage.(根据文章内容选择恰当的选项) There are several ____1____ restaurants in every big city. They often serve similar food ____2____ similar prices—so how do they attract customers? Most restaurants try to offer good food and great service and they hope customers ____3____ again and again. But some restaurants offer a gimmick (花招). It’s something unusual to make their restaurant different from all the others. Sometimes the gimmick is the restaurant’s location. El Diablo is a Spanish restaurant on a volcano. The cooks use heat from the volcano ____4____ the food. Or how about an underwater restaurant? Or you can go to the other extreme and choose Dinner in the Sky. Here, customers enjoy their meal at a table 50 metres in the air. The company has restaurants in 45 different countries. ____5____ amazing experience but don’t drop your knife or fork! The people below will be in danger. At Ithaa, a restaurant in the Maldives, you can have dinner five metres below the Indian Ocean and watch sharks and turtles ____6____ you eat. People often complain ____7____ the seats in planes. There isn’t enough space. They don’t sit comfortably. ____8____ surely a restaurant inside a plane is a bad idea. Well, maybe not. In a restaurant in Ghana, you can have lunch or dinner inside an old plane. The waiter brings your food and drink on a trolley! Other restaurants offer extra comfort. At the Hammock Café in Sri Lanka, there are hammocks (吊床) instead of chairs. And in ____9____ restaurant in Miami, Florida, there are only beds. On each bed there is a candle and a tray. People go to restaurants to eat, chat with their friends and relax. But some restaurants ask their customers to work for their food. Zauo is a popular restaurant in Tokyo, Japan. It is a fish restaurant, but the customers do not order their fish from the menu—they have to catch it. Inside the restaurant, all of the tables are on a boat, with water all around. There are different fish in different parts of the water. They choose their fish and then try ____10____ it! 1. A. thousands of B. thousand C. thousand of 2. A. at B. on C. in 3. A. came back B. to come back C. will come back 4. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking 5. A. What an B. What C. How 6. A. before B. while C. as soon as 7. A. to B. about C. with 8. A. However B. Actually C. So 9. A. another B. the other C. other 10. A. caught B. catching C. to catch 2.Choose the best answer.(选择最佳的答案) The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars (战争). Now, they were at peace. But one day, a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused another war between the two countries. The pig was owned by a British man who lived on ____6____ rural island. The island was just off the western part of North America. Both England and the US said the island was ____7____. Across the island from the British man lived some American farmers. ____8____ on the island got along peacefully. But the peace ended the day the British man's pig decided ____9____ some of an American farmer’s potatoes. One of the American farmers shot and killed the pig. Then the pig’s owner wanted $100 from the man who shot the animal. That was a lot of money, ____10____ the farmer refused to pay it. The British and Americans began to argue, and the situation got much ____11____. The farmers asked the governor of the island at that time for help. He sent a group of soldiers ____12____ the farmers. The British answered by sending 2,000 soldiers. The British were on one side of the island, and the Americans were on the other. The problem that began with the pig was about to become a shooting war. When news of the problem reached Washington and London, both leaders were ____13____. Neither country wanted another war. They sent some men to try to fix the problem. After a discussion, it was decided that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island. They would stay there ____14____ the two countries could decide who owned the island. Then the others would have to leave. Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give up the island, and they came up ____15____ an idea. They asked the leader of Germany to help decide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would get the island. Finally, the Pig War was over, and only one shot was fired. That was the shot that killed the pig! 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. them B. their C. theirs D. themselves 8. A. Someone B. Anyone C. No one D. Everyone 9. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate 10. A. but B. or C. for D. so 11. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst 12. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 13. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. surprisingly 14. A. while B. as C. until D. after 15. A. with B. of C. for D. to 3.Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案，每题只有一个正确答案) Last month, my class noticed a big problem: water was being wasted everywhere in our school. In the bathroom, taps ____1____ running after students washed their hands. In the garden, the sprinklers (洒水装置) sometimes worked for hours even on rainy days. We knew water is precious, so we decided ____2____ something. First, our teacher helped us make a plan. It included three steps: ____3____ where water was wasted, telling everyone about saving water, and fixing small problems. We were divided into groups. My group did research around the school. We found that a broken tap in the corner of the playground dripped water all day. We also saw that some students used twenty litres of water just to clean ____4____ small cups—that’s too much! We talked to the headmaster, and he agreed to help. The school fixed the broken tap, and we put ____5____ posters with slogans like “Save every drop!” A nearby factory even gave us small water meters to track usage. At first, some students thought our activity was boring, but soon they joined in. They started turning off taps tightly and reusing water to water plants. ____6____, the change spread. Now our school ____7____ 30% less water than before. Last week, the headmaster praised our class in the morning assembly. We felt proud ____8____ we helped protect water resources. This experience taught me that everyone ____9____ make ____10____ difference—even small actions matter for saving water. 1. A. were left B. left C. were leaving 2. A. do B. to do C. doing 3. A. checking B. checked C. to check 4. A. them B. their C. themselves 5. A. off B. on C. up 6. A. slow B. slowly C. quickly 7. A. uses B. will use C. used 8. A. but B. because C. so 9. A. may B. must C. can 10. A. / B. the C. a 4.Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案） Wan Hu was a man in the Ming Dynasty. He was very curious ____7____ the sky and stars, so he decided to build a machine to fly. His helpers agreed ____8____ him with this dangerous work after hearing ____9____ plan. Before starting, Wan Hu asked his helpers to find something useful for his flying chair. After several failures, he tried ____10____ kites and rockets (火箭) together. Finally, they built a special chair. The big day came. Wan Hu sat on the chair, looking at the sky. His helpers lit the rockets. The fire and loud noise made everyone ____11____ nervous and worried. But they kept telling themselves ____12____ would go wrong. They waited ____13____ all the rockets were lit. However, a terrible thing happened. While some rockets ____14____ properly, others were already burning out of control. Soon Wan Hu and his chair ____15____ in the smoke. Till today, people still find Wan Hu’s story very ____16____. His spirit continues to encourage the ____17____, and acts as a guiding light for all the explorers. ____18____ his spirit, we will tell his story from generation to generation. 7. A. with B. of C. about 8. A. help B. to help C. helping 9. A. a B. an C. the 10. A. to putting B. put C. putting 11. A. feel B. to feel C. feeling 12. A. something B. anything C. nothing 13. A. before B. until C. after 14. A. fired B. are firing C. were firing 15. A. disappeared B. will disappear C. would disappear 16. A. touch B. touched C. touching 17. A. brave B. bravely C. braver 18. A. Remember B. To remember C. Remembering 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $