Unit 2 Digital life（重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“Digital life”主题，构建“基础-语境-语篇”三阶词汇训练体系，通过递进式题型提升语言运用能力与思维逻辑。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|14题单句填空|考查词性转换（如frozen→freeze）|从核心词汇变形切入，夯实词形变化基础| |词汇语境练|1篇短文选词（8空）|结合主题短文考查词汇搭配|通过语篇语境实现词汇意义的灵活运用| |词汇语篇练|语法填空（10空）+2篇阅读|语法填空聚焦词形/语法，阅读考查词汇理解|从单句到语篇，构建“词-句-篇”综合运用逻辑|

Unit 2 Digital life 重难词汇精练 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1.The company decided to ______ hiring new employees. (frozen) 2.The government is working on improving the lives of the ______. (disable) 3.Modern technology helps ______ diseases at an early stage. (detective) 4.The ______ from friends helped her get through the hard time. (supporter) 5.The ______ performance of the play was well-received. (repeat) 6.The broken elevator has caused great ______ to the residents. (convenience) 7.Students use ______ textbooks more and more in online courses. (digit) 8.The teacher asked him to ______ his views on the project. (clear) 9.Protecting customer ______ is the company's top priority. (private) 10.The ______ movie left a deep impression on the audience. (touch) 11.Being good at English is an ______ when applying for this job. (advantage) 12.The ______ caused a power outage in the area. (light) 13.The store manager apologized for the inconvenience and handled the ______ properly. (complain) 14.The ______ of work made him feel stressed. (press) I. Complete the passage（短文选词填空） hide, in conclusion, benefit, first of all, virus, be aware of, lead to, in my opinion Should children spend time online? In today's digital world, children are growing up with the internet as a big part of their lives. But is spending time online good for them? (1) ______________, it depends on how they use it. The internet can do good to children in many ways. They can learn new things, connect with friends, and develop important skills through the internet. However, there are also disadvantages. (2) ___________, too much screen time can bring about troubles like poor eyesight or less physical activity. Besides, dangers often (3) _________ online such as giving incorrect information and cyberbullying (网络暴力). Children may also accidentally download a (4) _____________, or leak their personal information without realizing it. Therefore, parents should (5) ____________ what their kids are doing online and set possible limits. (6) _____________,the internet can be a useful tool for children, but it may also (7) ___________ problems. However, with the right guidance, children can use it more carefully and enjoy its (8) ______________ as much as possible. II. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空不多于3个单词)。 I still remember when I was a little kid, taking a photo was such a big deal. In those old days, before traditional film cameras came into being, there were these pinhole (针孔) camera 1 (box) with a small hole in them. You could see 2 image showing up on the wall inside the box through that hole, but the picture was upside down and really not clear at all. Then 3 (come) the time of traditional film cameras. Photos 4 (record) on a kind of film. After 5 (take) pictures, we had to take the films to a special shop and wait for the photos to be printed on paper. It always took ages! 6 time passed, things changed for the better. Digital cameras showed up. With them, photos could be saved as files on a computer. And now, with 7 (we) smartphones, we can quickly take pictures whenever we want. We can share those wonderful moments 8 friends right away just by a few taps on the screen. Photography has 9 (true) become an activity that so many of us love. I’m really thankful for the development of technology. It has made us enjoy a much more colorful life, allowing us to share memories in the 10 (easy) and most enjoyable way. I.Choose the best answer and complete the passage. What do you need for an invention to be a success? To begin with, good timing is very 1____. You may have a good idea which the public doesn’t want yet. Take Giovanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Though the quality was excellent, his invention quickly 2____. The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s. Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born. Denis never had enough money to 3____ one. You also need to be patient. It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. 4____, you shouldn’t be too slow. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it only as “a beautiful toy”. When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office(专利局) on February 14th, 1876, it was too 5____. Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier. The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone. Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea. If you haven’t got one, a walk in the countryside and a careful look at 6____ can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside. 1. A. interesting B. important C. personal D. satisfying 2. A. died B. improved C. spread D. appeared 3. A. deliver B. repair C. use D. build 4. A. However B. Instead C. So far D. At last 5. A. modern B. difficult C. late D. old 6. A. society B. nature C. pictures D. advertisements II.Read the following passage and choose the best answers. Water follows a long process from nature to our homes. First, rain falls into rivers, lakes, and underground holes. Next, water is poured into a treatment plant. The chemical step removes dirt and dangerous germs(细菌). Then, clean-up machines remove mud and small stones. At the plant, water goes through screens, sand filters, and a big tank. The filters trap mud and particles(颗粒). Workers step around to check closely. After this, water is pumped into pipes. Inside our homes, water comes out of taps when we open them. After we use water at home, it becomes wastewater. This water runs into drains and flows back to the treatment plant. There, it is cleaned again. This cycle includes many steps—collection, cleaning, and distribution(分配). Sometimes, water goes through indirect steps, like recycling for factories or watering parks. Engineers do research to make each step energy-saving. The world’s water flow involves plants, cities, and farms. We must carefully protect each step. If pipes shut or break, water can be wasted or drop in pressure. Farmers must also follow rules to avoid polluting the water. When we understand this process, we raise awareness that even a small kilo of clean water costs effort. And everyone can agree that protecting this cycle helps our planet. ( ) 1. What is the first step in the water process described in the passage? A. Water goes into pipes. B. Water flows through sand filters. C. Rain falls into rivers and lakes. D. Engineers study water use. ( ) 2. What does the chemical step at the treatment plant mainly do? A. Adds colour to water. B. Removes dirt and harmful germs. C. Builds new water tanks. D. Warms the water. ( ) 3. After we use water at home, where does it go next? A. Into bottles. B. Into rivers without cleaning. C. Back to the treatment plant. D. To farms for reuse. ( ) 4. The word “filters” in paragraph 2 most likely means: A. Tools that heat the water. B. Machines that check pressure. C. Screens that block mud and particles. D. Pipes that move water to homes. ( ) 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell people not to drink tap water. B. To explain how clean water reaches our homes and why we should protect it. C. To show that rain is dangerous without treatment. D. To compare different countries’ water systems. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Digital life 重难词汇精练 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1.The company decided to ______ hiring new employees. (frozen) 2.The government is working on improving the lives of the ______. (disable) 3.Modern technology helps ______ diseases at an early stage. (detective) 4.The ______ from friends helped her get through the hard time. (supporter) 5.The ______ performance of the play was well-received. (repeat) 6.The broken elevator has caused great ______ to the residents. (convenience) 7.Students use ______ textbooks more and more in online courses. (digit) 8.The teacher asked him to ______ his views on the project. (clear) 9.Protecting customer ______ is the company's top priority. (private) 10.The ______ movie left a deep impression on the audience. (touch) 11.Being good at English is an ______ when applying for this job. (advantage) 12.The ______ caused a power outage in the area. (light) 13.The store manager apologized for the inconvenience and handled the ______ properly. (complain) 14.The ______ of work made him feel stressed. (press) 【答案】1. freeze 2. disabled 3.detect 4. support 5.repeated 6.inconvenience 7.digital 8.clarify 9.privacy10. touching 11.advantage 12.lightning 13.complaint 14.pressure I. Complete the passage（短文选词填空） hide, in conclusion, benefit, first of all, virus, be aware of, lead to, in my opinion Should children spend time online? In today's digital world, children are growing up with the internet as a big part of their lives. But is spending time online good for them? (1) ______________, it depends on how they use it. The internet can do good to children in many ways. They can learn new things, connect with friends, and develop important skills through the internet. However, there are also disadvantages. (2) ___________, too much screen time can bring about troubles like poor eyesight or less physical activity. Besides, dangers often (3) _________ online such as giving incorrect information and cyberbullying (网络暴力). Children may also accidentally download a (4) _____________, or leak their personal information without realizing it. Therefore, parents should (5) ____________ what their kids are doing online and set possible limits. (6) _____________,the internet can be a useful tool for children, but it may also (7) ___________ problems. However, with the right guidance, children can use it more carefully and enjoy its (8) ______________ as much as possible. (1)答案：In my opinion 句意：但上网对他们有益吗？在我看来，这取决于他们如何使用网络。 考点：观点类连接短语放句首大写。 后文提出个人看法“取决于使用方式”，用In my opinion（在我看来）引出个人观点。 (2)答案：First of all 句意：但网络也存在弊端。首先，过长的屏幕时间会带来视力下降、运动量减少等问题。 考点：分点论述逻辑连接词 开始列举网络的坏处，First of all（首先）用于分点第一条，句首首字母大写。 (3)答案：hide 句意：此外，网络中常常潜藏着各类危险，比如泄露不实信息、网络暴力。 考点：一般现在时，主语dangers复数，动词用原形 主语dangers为复数，一般现在时谓语动词原形；hide 隐藏、潜藏，贴合“危险暗藏在网络中”语境。 (4)答案：virus 句意：孩子也可能不小心下载病毒，或是无意间泄露个人信息。 考点：不定冠词a后接单数名词 download（下载）搭配网络相关名词virus（病毒），符合网络安全话题。 (5)答案：be aware of 句意：因此，家长应当留意孩子的上网行为，并适当加以限制。 考点：情态动词should后接动词原形短语 should后用原形；be aware of 固定搭配，意为知晓、留意。 (6)答案：In conclusion 句意：总而言之，网络对孩子来说是实用工具，但也可能引发各类问题。 考点：总结类连接短语，全文收尾 文章完成利弊分析，结尾用In conclusion（总而言之）总结全文，句首大写。 (7)答案：lead to 句意：但它也可能引发各种问题。 考点：情态动词may后接动词原形 may后用原形；lead to 固定短语，导致、引发。 (8)答案：benefits 句意：但只要正确引导，孩子就能合理使用网络，最大限度享受它的益处。 考点：形容词性物主代词its后接可数名词复数 its指代the internet，网络有多重好处，benefit为可数名词，用复数benefits。 II. 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空不多于3个单词)。 I still remember when I was a little kid, taking a photo was such a big deal. In those old days, before traditional film cameras came into being, there were these pinhole (针孔) camera 1 (box) with a small hole in them. You could see 2 image showing up on the wall inside the box through that hole, but the picture was upside down and really not clear at all. Then 3 (come) the time of traditional film cameras. Photos 4 (record) on a kind of film. After 5 (take) pictures, we had to take the films to a special shop and wait for the photos to be printed on paper. It always took ages! 6 time passed, things changed for the better. Digital cameras showed up. With them, photos could be saved as files on a computer. And now, with 7 (we) smartphones, we can quickly take pictures whenever we want. We can share those wonderful moments 8 friends right away just by a few taps on the screen. Photography has 9 (true) become an activity that so many of us love. I’m really thankful for the development of technology. It has made us enjoy a much more colorful life, allowing us to share memories in the 10 (easy) and most enjoyable way. 【答案】1．boxes 2．an 3．came 4．were recorded 5．taking 6．As 7．our 8．with 9．truly 10．easiest 【导语】本文讲述了作者对摄影发展的回忆，从针孔相机到传统胶片相机，再到数码相机和智能手机，摄影技术不断进步，使人们能够更方便地记录和分享生活中的美好瞬间。作者对技术的发展表示感激，因为它让人们的生活更加丰富多彩。 1．句意：在那些旧日子里，在传统胶片相机出现之前，有这些带有小孔的针孔相机盒子。根据“there were”可知，此处表示复数概念，即有很多个针孔相机盒子，因此用名词复数形式“boxes”。故填boxes。 2．句意：你可以通过那个小孔看到盒子内部墙上显示出的图像，但图片是倒立的，而且一点也不清楚。根据“image showing up on the wall inside the box through that hole”可知，此处表示泛指一个图像，且image以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 3．句意：然后传统胶片相机的时代到来了。根据“Then”和“the time of traditional film cameras”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且用一般过去时表示时间的到来，因此用动词过去式“came”。故填came。 4．句意：照片被记录在一种胶片上。根据“Photos”和“on a kind of film”可知，此处表示照片被记录在胶片上，且是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“were recorded”。故填were recorded。 5．句意：拍照后，我们不得不把胶片带到一家特殊的商店，等待照片被印在纸上。根据“After”和“pictures”可知，此处表示拍照后，且after是介词，后接动名词形式，因此用“taking”。故填taking。 6．句意：随着时间的推移，情况变得更好了。根据“time passed”和“things changed for the better”可知，此处表示随着时间的推移，情况发生了变化，因此用连词“As”引导时间状语从句。故填As。 7．句意：而现在，有了我们的智能手机，我们可以随时快速拍照。根据“smartphones”和“we”可知，此处表示我们的智能手机，因此用形容词性物主代词“our”修饰名词。故填our。 8．句意：我们只需在屏幕上轻点几下，就可以马上和朋友分享那些美好的时刻。根据“share those wonderful moments”和“friends”可知，此处表示和朋友分享美好的时刻，因此用介词“with”表示“和……一起”。故填with。 9．句意：摄影真的已经成为我们许多人喜爱的活动。根据“has become”和“activity”可知，此处表示摄影真的已经成为了一项活动，因此用副词“truly”修饰动词。故填truly。 10．句意：它让我们享受到了更加丰富多彩的生活，让我们能够以最轻松、最愉快的方式分享回忆。根据“the”和“most enjoyable way”可知，此处表示最高级概念，即最轻松、最愉快的方式，且easy的最高级形式是“easiest”。故填easiest。 I.Choose the best answer and complete the passage. What do you need for an invention to be a success? To begin with, good timing is very 1____. You may have a good idea which the public doesn’t want yet. Take Giovanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first fax machine in the 1860s. Though the quality was excellent, his invention quickly 2____. The fax machine did not become a necessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s. Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam engine almost a hundred years before James Watt was born. Denis never had enough money to 3____ one. You also need to be patient. It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb. 4____, you shouldn’t be too slow. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it only as “a beautiful toy”. When he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office(专利局) on February 14th, 1876, it was too 5____. Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier. The young man who sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventor of the telephone. Of course what you really need is a wonderful idea. If you haven’t got one, a walk in the countryside and a careful look at 6____ can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside. 1. A. interesting B. important C. personal D. satisfying 2. A. died B. improved C. spread D. appeared 3. A. deliver B. repair C. use D. build 4. A. However B. Instead C. So far D. At last 5. A. modern B. difficult C. late D. old 6. A. society B. nature C. pictures D. advertisements 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 【解析】 1.句意：首先，合适的时机十分重要。考点：形容词词义辨析。后文举例传真机生不逢时失败，证明时机很重要；interesting有趣的、personal私人的、satisfying令人满意的均不符合主旨。 2.句意：尽管设备质量很好，但这项发明很快销声匿迹。考点：动词语境辨析。后文传真机直到80年代才普及，说明当年发明无人关注、消亡；improved改进、spread传播、appeared出现逻辑相反。 3.句意：Denis没有足够资金造出一台蒸汽机。考点：动词词义。build 制造、建造；deliver递送、repair修理、use使用，不符合“没钱制造机器”语境。 4.句意：你需要有耐心。然而，也不能太慢。考点：转折连词。前文讲要有耐心，后文说不能拖沓，前后转折，however然而；instead代替、so far迄今为止、at last最后无转折含义。 5.句意：等他把图纸送到专利局时，已经太晚了。考点：形容词语境。后文Bell两小时前提交同款设计，说明Gray迟到了；modern现代的、difficult困难的、old老旧的语义不通。 6.句意：去乡间散步、仔细观察大自然会有所启发。考点：名词细节匹配。后文科学家散步沾到植物种子发明粘扣，灵感来自大自然nature；society社会、pictures图片、advertisement广告无对应原文。 II.Read the following passage and choose the best answers. Water follows a long process from nature to our homes. First, rain falls into rivers, lakes, and underground holes. Next, water is poured into a treatment plant. The chemical step removes dirt and dangerous germs(细菌). Then, clean-up machines remove mud and small stones. At the plant, water goes through screens, sand filters, and a big tank. The filters trap mud and particles(颗粒). Workers step around to check closely. After this, water is pumped into pipes. Inside our homes, water comes out of taps when we open them. After we use water at home, it becomes wastewater. This water runs into drains and flows back to the treatment plant. There, it is cleaned again. This cycle includes many steps—collection, cleaning, and distribution(分配). Sometimes, water goes through indirect steps, like recycling for factories or watering parks. Engineers do research to make each step energy-saving. The world’s water flow involves plants, cities, and farms. We must carefully protect each step. If pipes shut or break, water can be wasted or drop in pressure. Farmers must also follow rules to avoid polluting the water. When we understand this process, we raise awareness that even a small kilo of clean water costs effort. And everyone can agree that protecting this cycle helps our planet. ( ) 1. What is the first step in the water process described in the passage? A. Water goes into pipes. B. Water flows through sand filters. C. Rain falls into rivers and lakes. D. Engineers study water use. ( ) 2. What does the chemical step at the treatment plant mainly do? A. Adds colour to water. B. Removes dirt and harmful germs. C. Builds new water tanks. D. Warms the water. ( ) 3. After we use water at home, where does it go next? A. Into bottles. B. Into rivers without cleaning. C. Back to the treatment plant. D. To farms for reuse. ( ) 4. The word “filters” in paragraph 2 most likely means: A. Tools that heat the water. B. Machines that check pressure. C. Screens that block mud and particles. D. Pipes that move water to homes. ( ) 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell people not to drink tap water. B. To explain how clean water reaches our homes and why we should protect it. C. To show that rain is dangerous without treatment. D. To compare different countries’ water systems. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 【解析】 1.句意：文中描述水循环的第一步是什么？考点：细节定位。原文第一段First, rain falls into rivers, lakes, and underground holes，直接对应C选项。 2.句意：水处理厂的化学工序主要作用是什么？考点：细节提取。原文The chemical step removes dirt and dangerous germs，dangerous germs=harmful germs，选B。 3.句意：我们在家用完水后，水流向哪里？考点：细节定位。第三段After we use water…flows back to the treatment plant，回到水处理厂。 4.句意：第二段单词filters最可能是什么意思？考点：词义猜测。原文The filters trap mud and particles，过滤器是阻挡泥沙颗粒的滤网screens。 5.句意：文章主要写作目的是什么？考点：主旨大意。文章前半段讲解水从自然到家庭的净化流程，结尾呼吁保护水循环，对应B选项。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $