第4部分 题型1 阅读理解-【初中五大科核心考点一本全】2026年初中英语考点练习

第四部分 重难题型突破 重难题型 题型一阅读理解 题型三完形填空 题型三语篇填空 题型四书面表达 类型1选择型阅读 类型1选词填空 类型2还原型阅读 类型2语法填空 题型 阅读理解 类型1 选择型阅读 英语 解题步骤 ⊙细读全文， © 阅读题干， ⊙略读全文， 抓取关键词句， 找关键词，判 理解文章大 比对选项，选出 断题型 意，标注关健 答案 信息 ⑨技巧点拨 答案大都可以在文章中找到对应的信息作为验证 设题 干扰项往往是真假细节混杂，甚至是相关细节或无关细 特点 节混杂 细节理解题 利用题目的关键词寻找文中的对应单词、短语或图片， 在对应单词、短语或图片前后找答案点 选项中出现绝对化的词，如the only、most、al、never、 解题 技巧 every等，选择判断一定要谨慎 注意题目与文章中的隐含信息，答案难以确定时可使 用排除法 /179 初中五大科核心考点一本全 设题 根据上下文确定某一单词或短语的含义、用法、同义词替换 特点 根据因果关系猜测词义 词义猜测题 根据同义词或反义词猜测词义 根据构词法猜测词义 根据上下文猜测词义 法 根据定义或释义猜测词义 根据生活常识猜测词义 根据列举的事例猜测词义 通过表面文字内容推测文章隐含信息，对文章的发展情节、作者态 设题 度等作出合乎逻辑的推理判断 意图 推理判断题 抓住文章的主题和细节 挖掘文章的深层含义，对事件的因果关系、人物动机以及作者未言 解题 技巧 明的态度、意图、观点等进行推理判断 在推断作者态度时，力求从作者的角度去思考，切勿代入个人情感 英语 设题 针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的发展层次来设题 篇章结构题 特点 文章结构类型：总一分一总；总一分；分一总 题 找出每一段的主旨句；分析每一段话是分述还是总述文章的中心意思 技 确定段落之间的结构关系 设题 通读文章后推断段落大意、文章主题、作者的写作意图等 特点 出现在篇 主要是新闻报道、说明文、议论文 主旨大意题 有主 首或段首 “先总述，后分述”的写作方式 题句 出现在篇 主要出现在用归纳法写的文章中 解题 末或段末 细节性的句子在前，概括性的句子在后，并 技巧 以此结尾 无主 需从文章中提炼、总结出文章的主题 题句 先找出每一段的主旨句，各段的主旨句往往围绕一个中心 思想或一个问题来展开，这就是文章的主题 180 第四部分重难题型突破 怎典例剖析 2025·山西请阅读下面语篇，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最 佳选项。 Bell used to work as a children's bookseller and helped young people of all ages find their perfect books.During lunch breaks,she wrote her first book,which came out in 2016.Then she published()a series of magic books. 细节理解题。根据第1小题题千中的“Bel川's first book”定位至此处。 Bl川的第一本书是在2016年出版的，故第1小题选A。 In the 2024 book,we meet a boy.He is taken into a secret world filled with strange animals with magic.He soon discovers he can call out those animals by using his energy connected with different feelings.The idea behind the book came from Bell's strong wish to learn more about the mysteries of science.Bell says,"Even though the book has magic,it is rooted in science.” 词义猜测题。根据第2小题题千中的“is rooted in”定位至此处。尽管这本书有 魔力，但它根植于科学。故此处画线部分意为“根植于，从…中获得灵感“ 和get ideas from意义相近。故第2小题选A。 Bell's favorite subject at school was science,and she has always believed that magic has 英 a lot to do with science."People study science.It is full of mystery and the unknown.That 语 feels a lot like magic,"she says. 细节理解题。根据第3小题题千中的“everwing”可定位至此处。此处指Bell选择 “everwing”是因为它象征着希望和想象力，能够帮助她实现梦想。故第3小题选B。 In the 2025 book,we join the boy again as he learns how to improve his skills to call out the animals at a school.Bell says that if she could choose any animal to call out,it would be an "everwing"which is born from hope."I can fly,on its back!Hope and imagination have great power.They give me wings to realize my dream. 细节理解题。根据第4小题题千中的“the relationship between science and magic”定位 至此处。此处指Bl认为科学和魔法有许多共同之处，都源于人类的好奇心和想象力。故 第4小题选C。 Bell says science also comes from human curiosity()and imagination, which are similar to the hope that creates magic in the story.She hopes her books can encourage young readers to learn more about science. ,主旨大意题。第5小题考查作者的写作意图。根据本句内容可推知，Bl川写这两本魔法书 的目的是引导读者享受魔法并重视斜学。故第5小题选B。 1.When did Bell's first book come out? A.In2016. B.In2024. C.In2025. /181 初中五大科核心考点一本全 2.Which can best explain the underlined words "is rooted in"? A.Gets ideas from. B.Pays attention to. C.Makes progress in. 3.Why would Bell like to choose an"everwing"? A.Because it can teach her to fly. B.Because it can lead her to achieve more. C.Because it can take her away from her busy life 4.How does Bell feel about the relationship between science and magic? A.Science depends on magic. B.Magic can be turned into science. C.Science and magic have something in common. 5.What is Bell's purpose of writing the two magic books? A.To open the door to the magic world for readers. B.To guide readers to enjoy magic and value science. C.To tell readers science is the most important school subject. 对点训练 英 In the story "Snow White",the queen decides to kill Snow White once and for all with an apple dipped(蘸)in deadly poison(毒药). Thanks to seven helpful dwarves and a handsome prince(王子)， Snow White gets well again. But the queen doesn't need to go to all that trouble.In fact, seed flesh apples-along with many common fruits we eat-are already poisonous!But don't be afraid. The flesh won't harm you.It's only the seeds that you need to avoid. Apples belong to a plant family called Rosaceae.This group also includes peaches,plums, apricots,and cherries.The seeds or stones of all these fruits have a chemical called amygdalin( 杏仁苷).Inside an animal's stomach,amygdalin turns into a strong poison called cyanide(氰化物). And cyanide can make people and animals very sick,or even kill them.Still,don't worry if you accidentally eat a few apple seeds.Each seed has only a very tiny amount of poison.You'd have to eat a large bowl of seeds to feel any effect. Why would a tree make poisonous seeds?To stop animals from nibbling at them! Amygdalin tastes terrible.It's also found in leaves and other parts of fruit trees.If a cow eats 182 第四部分重难题型突破 apple leaves,it gets a bad taste and an upset stomach(肠胃不适).Animals soon learn to leave those trees alone.Thanks,amygdalin! Mirror,mirror on the wall,who's the cleverest fruit of all? You,my apple! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1.How does the writer lead into the topic? A.By telling a story. B.By using a saying. C.By asking a question. D.By giving an example. 2.What can we know about amygdalin according to the text? DA little of it can cause animals to die. 2 It can turn into cyanide in animals'stomach. 3 It can be found in apple seeds and apple leaves 4 It tastes terrible and can cause an upset stomach. A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④ 3.Which shows the correct grouping of Rosaceae according to the text? 语 A. Rosaceae B. Rosaceae peaches grapes cherries apricots plums oranges Rosaceae D Rosaceae apples peaches cherries cherries apples watermelons 4.What does the underlined word "nibbling"mean in Chinese? A.小憩 B.打架 C.攀爬 D.啃食 5.In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A.Unit 1 Amazing Plants B.Unit 2 Feeding the World C.Unit 3 Animals All Around D.Unit 4 Environmental Protection 答案 1-5 ABCDA 183 初中五大科核心考点一本全 类型2 还原型阅读 0 解题步骤 ⊙观察选项， ⊙细读全文， ⊙运用解题技 ⊙重读文章， 标记关键信息 掌握文章大 巧，初选答案 确定答案是否 意。标记设空 正确 前后关键信息 ©技巧点拨 ⊙1.词汇复现法 词汇复现主要包括原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、近义表达语复现等。找 出选项中的关键词，再去原文中查读相对应的关键词，由此可初步确定答案。 ⊙2.代词线索法 代词指代前后句中的内容，包括人称、地点、名词及名词短语。巧妙利用代词的 指代关系和代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 ⊙3.逻辑关系法 英语 根据句子在文章中的位置并联系上下文，梳理句子间的逻辑关系，从而正确答 题。能表明句与句之间、段与段之间联系的连接词（组）包含以下几种： because、for、since、therefore、as、so、for this reason、as 因果 a result等 关系 and、or、besides、also、even、in addition、what's more first、second、third、firstly、secondly、thirdly、next、 then、as well as、on the one hand..on the other hand、not 并列、 only..but also.等 递进 连接词（组 关系 though、although、even if、.however、instead、while、 转折、 still、even though、yet等 让步 关系 such as、for example、in other words、that is(to say)、in 解释、 fact、it means..等 例证 关系 184 第四部分重难题型突破 急典例剖析 2025·贵州阅读下面短文，从短文后方框内选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有一项为多余选项。 What are you good at?It's OK if you find it hard to answer this question. Everyone has a special talent,even if he or she doesn't know it yet.Do you want to find out your special talent?Do you want to know yourself better?1. 逻辑关系法。根据Do you want to find out your special talent?”以及下， 文列出的四个方法可知，此处需填入总起句。选项F与上下文逻辑一致。故 选F。 .Think about your past.Take a minute to ask yourselfWhat did you use to do for fun?2. It can be something big or small.Maybe it was an art project or some 逻辑关系法。根据“What did you use to.do for fun?”及下文“It can be something big or smal川..”可知，此处需补充与“过去成就”相关的问句。选项E与上文并列， 符合逻辑。故选E。 good advice you gave to a friend.Or perhaps it was a prize you won from a singing competition.Your past hobbies and successes can give you clues()about your hidden talents. .Ask others.Sometimes the people around you know you better than yourself. They can see your talents more clearly.Ask your friends,family,or teachers what 英 they think you are good at.3. 语 逻辑关系法。根据“Ask your friends,.family..”可知，下文应描述他人反馈的结果。选 项C与上下文的语境契合。故选C。 .Try new things.Trying new activities can help you discover new talents.4. 逻辑关系法。，根据“Trying new activities can help you discover,new talents.”可知，下， 文需补充转折或具体建议。选项D与下文“从简单的事情开始”形成逻辑衔接。故选D。 So you can start by trying something easy,like a one-day pottery class.Then you will find it not only challenging but also enjoyable. ●5. Personality tests like the MBTI test can also help.For example,if 词江复现法。根据"Personality tests like the MBTI test can also help.”可知，此处须填 入与性格测试相关的内容。选项A直接概括本段主旨。故选A。 you get INFP,or Mediator(),you may have a hidden talent for understanding others or solving problems in creative ways.The tests will give you something you have ever expected. A.Take personality tests. B.You will find what you are good at. C.You may be surprised by their answers. D.But sometimes it's difficult to try something new. E.And what have you done that made you feel proud? F.The methods below may help you discover your hidden talents. /185 初中五大科核心考点一本全 对点训练 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填人文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意 思通顺，内容完整。 For many middle school students,living with roommates()is one of the most difficult experiences they have.After all,sharing space with others is not so easy for most teenagers.Then how to get on with your roommates? 1. You'll share the same space with your roommate for a long time.The most important is to respect each other's needs and preferences.Communicate these needs and preferences as soon as possible!This will save you both a lot of conflicts(). 2. Always ask for permission()before borrowing or using anything that belongs to your roommate! 3. 语 Bringing a group of friends to your room may be very noisy.Make sure you won't bring much trouble to your roommate. 4. Don't wait to see if the problem itself can just go away.Deal with it as soon as you notice it. And it's much easier to solve a small problem in a calm and friendly way. 5. When in doubt,follow the golden rule,and treat your roommate how you would hope to be treated.That way,no matter what happens,you'll have no regrets. A.Solve problems in time. B.Be careful about inviting friends over. C.Have clear communication from the start. D.Treat your roommate how you want to be treated. E.Your roommate's things are your roommate's things. (答案 1-5 CEBAD 186