专题01 Units 1~2 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作范文(期中知识清单)九年级英语上学期新教材沪教版

2026-10-08
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English Express初高中英语速学
进店逛逛

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Unit 1 Great people 核心单词及变形 2 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1.__________________adj.优秀 的;杰出的 【变形】__________________脱颖而出,出众 2. __________________ adj. 陈旧的;过时的 3. __________________ adj.古典的; 经典的 【变形】__________________优秀的、典型的 4. __________________ adj.普通的; 平凡的 5. __________________ n.灯 6. __________________ n.诗人 【变形】__________________ n. 诗(可数) __________________ n. 诗歌(总称) 7. __________________ n.剧作家 【变形】__________________n. 戏剧;剧本 __________________ adj. 戏剧的;引人注目 8. __________________n.看法,意见,评价 【变形】__________________v. 判断;评判;审判  __________________n. 法官;裁判 9. __________________v.认为;觉得 10. __________________n.背景 11. __________________adj.有重大意义的;显著的 【变形】__________________ n. 重要性;意义 12. __________________n.重要事件; 里程碑 13. __________________ v.完成(困难的事) 【变形】__________________ n. 管理;管理层 __________________ n. 经理;管理者 【搭配】__________________ 设法做成某事 14. __________________ n.巨大影响; 强大作用 【搭配】__________________ 对…… 产生影响 【同义词】________________(侧重潜移默化的影响) __________________ (影响,结果、效应) 15. __________________n.真理 【变形】__________________ adj. 真实的 __________________ adv. 真正地;真诚地 16. _________________ adj.全神贯注的;全力以赴的 【搭配】__________________专心于…… __________________ 专心做某事 17. __________________ n.相信 【变形】__________________ v. 相信 重点短语 1. ______________________ 在…方面有天赋 2. ______________________虽然;尽管 3. ______________________独自;靠她自己 4. ______________________ 由…组成 5. ______________________ 心里想着… 6. ______________________除…之外(还有) 7. ______________________…是合乎情理的 8. ______________________以…命名 9. ______________________积累知识;充实学识 10. ______________________ 伸手去拿;努力争取 11. ______________________专心于;集中精力于 12. ______________________喜爱;喜欢 必背句型 1.She also ______ _____ ______ ______poetry 她还颇具写诗的天赋。 2. When she was a teenager, she ________ a lot of time studying and ________ ______ ________ in her grandfather's library. 少年时期,她常在祖父的书房里潜心学习、积累学识。 3. Scientific texts need to be written in a clear way _______ ________everyone can understand them. 科学著作应当写得浅显易懂,让所有人都能看懂。 4. ______ _____ _______ ______, she rewrote the mathematician Mei Wending’s famous book about calculation. 秉持这一想法,她改写了数学家梅文鼎的著名算学典籍。 5. It ____ ____ _____ _____ a round table representing the Earth, a lamp as the Sun, and a round mirror as the Moon. 这套模型由代表地球的圆桌、当作太阳的灯以及模拟月亮的圆镜组成。 6. _______ _____ _______her achievements in mathematics and astronomy, Wang Zhenyi was an excellent poet, and she wrote about unusually modern topics. 除了在数学和天文学领域有所建树,王贞仪还是一位出色的诗人,她的诗作立意新颖,颇具现代思想。 7.She died at the age of 29—_____ _____ _____ ______ she is remembered beyond it. 她年仅 29 岁便离世。她能被后世长久铭记,实至名归。 8. It is said that he was so _______ _______ translating The Communist Manifesto _________ he didn't realize he was eating ink. 据说他全神贯注翻译《共产党宣言》,竟没发觉自己在蘸墨吃粽子。 单元易错点归纳 1. talent 名词 (n.) 天赋;才能;天资 talented 形容词 (adj.) 有天赋的;有才干的 have a talent for sth. / doing sth. 表示 “在某方面有天赋” be talented in sth. / doing sth. 表示 “在某方面有天赋” 2. poet = 写诗歌的人 → 诗人 poem = 一首一首具体的诗 → 单篇诗作(可数) poetry = 诗歌这类文学(总称)→ 诗歌、诗艺(不可数) 3.spend/cost/take/pay表达花费的区别 词汇 用法 spend 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构: 1. spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱 2. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事 cost 主语是物或者某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法:“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱” take 后面常跟双宾语,常用于以下结构: 1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。 2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。 pay 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构: 1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱(给某人) 2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱 3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱 4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。 4. be made up of 由…… 组成(强调组成成分,整体→部分) be made of 由…… 制成(成品能看出原材料) be made from 由…… 制成(成品看不出原材料) 5. in addition to除…… 之外(还有);此外 in addition to + 名词 /doing(介词短语) in addition(副词短语,单独使用,后接完整句子) 6. It is fitting that …… 是恰当的;…… 合情合理;理应如此 整体为形式主语句型:it 是形式主语,真正主语是后面的 that 从句。 7.be concentrated on + 名词 /doing sth 专心于、全神贯注做某事 concentrate on 集中注意力去做 用 concentrate on(动作) 用 be concentrated on(状态)两句句意基本同义,可以互换。 8. manage to do sth 设法成功做成某事(经过努力终于做成,已成功) manage sth. 管理;经营;处理某事 拓展辨析 try to do:尽力去做(不一定成功) manage to do:努力做成(结果成功) 9. classical/ classic classic:侧重 “经典的、优秀的、典型的”, classical:侧重 “古典的、传统的”,指该领域的 “古典流派 / 传统风格”,仅作形容词。 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元的写作任务是围绕“伟人”这一核心主题, 选择一位你敬佩的伟人, 介绍其生平背景 、主要成就和对社会的贡献, 分析其成为伟人的优秀品质, 并说明你从他/她身上学到了什么。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1.人物身份:scientist(科学家),astronomer(天文学家),composer(作曲家),artist(艺术家),pioneer(先驱),hero(英雄) 2. 成就贡献:discovery(发现),invention(发明),contribution(贡献),achieve(实现), develop(发展),save lives(拯救生命),change the world(改变世界) 3. 优秀品质: hardworking(勤奋的), brave(勇敢的),creative(有创造力的),curious(好奇的),confident(自信的),strong-willed(意志坚定的,selfless(无私的) 4.逻辑连接词: however(然而),besides(此外),therefore(因此),what's more(而且) 短语 1. ______________________ 在…… 家庭长大 2. ______________________ 在某方面有天赋 3. ______________________ 从小 4. ______________________… 对…… 产生浓厚兴趣 5. ______________________ 热衷于做某事 6. ______________________ 除…… 以外 7. ______________________ 花大量时间做 8. ______________________在艰苦条件下 9. ______________________ 面对许多挫折 10. ______________________从不灰心 11. ______________________ 重大的里程碑 12. ______________________以…… 命名 13. ______________________ 造福全世界 14. ______________________ 获得殊荣与世界认可 15. ______________________ 积累知识 16. ______________________无私奉献 17. ______________________顽强的意志 18. ______________________… 实至名归 19. ______________________ 成为榜样 20. ______________________… 为…… 做出巨大贡献 √素材积累——话题金句 一、开头通用句式: 1. 他成长在一个重视知识与医学研究的家庭。 2. 年少时,她在科学研究方面很有天赋。 3. 受伟大科学家的启发,她热衷于探索医学与科学的奥秘。 二、中间通用句式: 聚焦人物最突出的社会贡献, 描写人物的付出与坚持 1.她的贡献带来的影响如今仍体现在全球医疗领域。 2.由于他的辛勤付出,他/她收获了崇高的荣誉和世界的认可。 3. 她人生中一个重要的里程碑就是取得了重大的科学发现。 4. 除了基础学习和日常工作外,她心系助人,花费大量时间做研究。 三、结尾通用句式:总结人物的品质,社会价值与奉献精神。 1.人们由衷敬佩她,因为她为社会与人类健康做出了巨大贡献。 2.她收获巨大成就、赢得全世界广泛尊敬实至名归。 3.我们应当学习她顽强的意志与奉献精神。 √俗语谚语 1.Try not to become a man of success. Rather become a man of value. 不要试图成为一个成功的人, 而要努力成为一个有价值的人。—— Albert Einstein 2. Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. 天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。—— Thomas Edison √写作典例及思路 介绍伟大人物的基本结构: 开头:简单介绍人物身份、出生、职业、研究领域,快速引出人物。 中间:中间第一段:列举人物最核心、最具影响力的成果、贡献或荣誉。 中间第二段:讲述人物的奋斗过程、付出的努力,成功来之不易 结尾:总结人物的社会价值、奉献意义,说明受人尊敬的核心原因。 提炼人物优秀品质,总结成功根源,完成全文升华。 写作部分 核心内容 推荐时态 连接词/过渡语 开头(总起) 引出人物, 点明其身份和核心贡献 一般现在时 The great person I admire most is. He/ She is known as. One of the greatest... in history is... 中间(分述) 1. 早年生活与教育背景 2. 主要成就与贡献 3. 优秀品质分析 早年经历 :一般过去时 品质与影响 :一般现在时 At a young age…Through hard Work…In addition….What makes him/her special is that… Thanks to his/her efforts... 结尾(总结) 总结人物影响, 表达敬佩与学习决心 一般现在时 In short. I think we should learn from him/her. His/her spirit will always encourage us to... 经典范文 介绍一位你敬佩的伟人。包括其生平、主要成就、性格特点及你从他身上获得的启发,词数100-120左右,题目为“A Great person I Admire”。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I admire Albert Einstein, one of the world’s greatest scientists. He grew up in a family that valued knowledge. From a young age, he showed a strong interest in physics. Inspired by natural wonders, he was fond of thinking over mysteries of space and time. A significant milestone in his life was when he created the world-famous Theory of Relativity. In addition to busy daily research, he spent a lot of time doing experiments with uncovering the secrets of the universe in mind. He met lots of difficulties and repeated failures, but he never lost heart. Through his hard work, he managed to make breakthroughs that shook the whole science field. His findings helped people understand nature in brand-new ways. The impact of his contributions can still be seen in modern physics and space research. It is fitting that he earns worldwide respect. His perseverance teaches me to stick to my dreams and keep exploring bravely. Unit 2 Great ideas 核心单词及变形 1._________________ n.无知 【变形】_________________ v. 忽视,不理睬,无视 _________________adj. 无知的,愚昧的;不知情的 2. _________________n. 应用 3. _________________精致的;绚丽的 4. _________________adj.满意的;满足的 【搭配】_________________ 对…… 感到满意 _________________ adj. 令人满意的(修饰事物) _________________n. 满意;满足;乐事 5. _________________n.王子 6. _________________v.排出;挤出;取代;替代 【同义】_________________ v. 替换,取代(最通用) 7. _________________ v.欺骗;愚弄 【变形】_________________ adj. 愚蠢的,傻的 【搭配】_________________哄骗某人做某事 8. _________________ v.证明;证实 【变形】_________________ n. 证据;证明;佐证 9. _________________adv.几乎不;几乎,没有 【区别】_________________ 表 “难、努力、猛烈”; _________________表 “几乎没有、几乎不” 10. _________________ adj.保持(或显 示)平術的 【变形】_________________ v. 权衡;使均衡 n. 平衡;均衡;余额 【搭配】_________________均衡饮食(中考高频) 11. _________________v.拒绝接受;不予考虑 【搭配】_________________拒接做某事 12. _________________adv.因此;如此 重点短语 1.__________________________对…感到满意 2. __________________________查明真相 3. __________________________用…装满… 4. __________________________溢出;漫出 5. __________________________径直走向;直达 6. __________________________因…而表扬 7. __________________________整体 8. __________________________均衡的生活 9. _______________________把某事讲清楚;使理解 10. __________________________也就是说;即 11. _______________________对…产生持久的影响 12. __________________________与…… 和谐共处 必背句型 1. Give me but one firm spot on which to stand, and I will move the Earth. 给我一个支点,我就能撬动地球。 2. At first, he _______ very______ _____ it. 起初,他对这顶王冠十分满意。 3. “This problem______ ____ ______ ________. What should I do?” thought Archimedes. 阿基米德心想:这个问题似乎很难解决,我该怎么办? 4. Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he_______ his bath _____ water 阿基米德往浴缸里放水时,还在思索这个难题。 5. A crown made completely of gold ______ _____ _____ ______ a crown made of gold and another metal. 纯金打造的王冠,比掺了其他金属的王冠排开的水量更少。 6. He then______ the crown maker ______ ______, and he praised Archimedes _______ his clever discovery. 随后他将工匠关进监狱,并称赞阿基米德这一巧妙的发现。 7. The idea is that we, as humans, should ______a simple, peaceful and______ ______, respecting our place in nature. 其中的思想是:人类应当过简朴、平和、均衡的生活,尊重自身在自然界中的位置。 8._____ _____ ____ ____, therefore, that many of Laozi‘s famous sayings use nature to____ the message _______. 因此,老子的诸多名言都借助自然事物来传递思想,这也就不足为奇了 9. Daodejing has______ ______ _____ ______ _____ culture in China and beyond. 《道德经》对中国乃至世界各地的文化都产生了深远影响。 10. Its ideas about living______ _____ ______ nature have inspired people all over the world, 它的与自然和谐共处的理念,启迪了全世界的人们。 单元易错点归纳 1. satisfy satisfy 使满意;满足 satisfied (人)感到满意的 satisfying (事物)令人满意的 satisfy sb. 使某人满意 常用搭配 be satisfied with 固定词组(中考核心) 对…… 感到满意 2. seem 似乎;好像;仿佛 1. seem + 形容词 看起来…… 2. seem + 名词 好像是…… 3. seem to do sth. (中考高频) 好像 / 似乎做某事 4. It seems + that 从句 看来;似乎……(it 作形式主语) 3. fill...with... (主动)用…… 把…… 装满(中考必考搭配) be filled with (被动短语) 被…… 填满;充满…… be full of (同义短语,中考高频)充满……(状态表达) 4. consider...as a whole 从整体考虑 look at...as a whole 整体看待 5. balance 名词 n. 平衡;均衡 keep/lose balance 保持 / 失去平衡 balanced adj. 均衡的;平衡的;和谐的 a balanced life 均衡安稳的生活 6. reject 拒绝;摒弃;不接受;嫌弃 reject doing refuse 拒绝 只接不定式 refuse to do sth 7. hardly hardly + 动词 几乎不…… hard 形容词:硬的、难的 副词:努力地、猛烈地(有实际力度 / 难度含义) hardly 只作副词,意思是几乎不,带否定意味,和 “困难、用力” 无关。 易错提醒 hardly 本身含否定,句中不能再加 not 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元的写作任务是围绕“伟大的想法”这一核心主题,选择一个你了解的伟大想法,介绍它解决了什么问题、是谁提出的、如何解决问题以及这个想法对我们生活的影响。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1.问题相关:problem(问题), difficulty(困难), challenge(挑战), infection(感染),disease(疾病) 2. 想法与发明 :idea(想法), invention(发明), discovery(发现), create(创造), invent (发明), come up with(提出) 3. 解决与影响:solve(解决), develop(发展), improve(改善), influence(影响), change(改变),save lives(拯救生命), make life easier(让生活更便捷) 4. 逻辑连接词:first(首先),then(然后),finally(最后), as a result(结果), because of (因为) 短语 1. find out the truth 查明真相 2. be made of/from 由…… 制成 3. think of a brilliant idea 想出绝妙的主意 4. come up with a new way to… 想出做… 的新方法 5. get an idea from… 从… 得到启发 6. change people’s lives 改变人们的生活 7. have a lasting impact on 对… 产生深远影响 8. spend a lot of time doing… 花大量时间做 9. benefit the whole world 造福全世界 10. deal with the trouble 处理难题 11. set a good example 树立榜样 12. bring convenience to sb. 为某人带来便利 √素材积累——话题金句 一、描述背景与困境 1.很久以前,人们被一道难题所困扰。 2.传统方法难以解决这个难题。 二、介绍人物与萌生想法 1.一位伟大的科学家想出了一个绝妙的主意。 2.他从一件日常小事中得到了启发。 三、讲述过程与解决办法 1.他们想出了解决问题的新方法。 2.这个富有创意的想法收效极佳。 四、阐述影响与意义 1.这个了不起的想法彻底改变了人们的生活。 2.它对全世界都产生了深远的影响。 3.时至今日,人们依旧从他的想法中获益良多。 五、总结感悟 1.面对困难,我们应当坚持不懈、永不言弃。 √俗语谚语 1.Daring ideas are like chessmen moved forward. They may be beaten, but they may start a winning game. 大胆的想法就像向前走的棋子。它们可能会被击败 ,但可能会开启一场胜利的游戏—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 2. Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母。 √写作典例及思路 文章结构 ①待解决的问题 ②想出创意的人 ③创意如何解决问题 ④这个创意对我们生活的影响 段落 对应模块 核心任务 开头 · the problem to be solved 引入话题,点明当时存在的问题 中间段 · the person with the idea · the idea & how it solved the problem 介绍人物背景,引出他 / 她的伟大想法 讲清楚想法是什么、怎么解决问题的 结尾 · influence of the great idea 说明影响和意义,升华主题 【通用句型】 分类 词汇 / 短语 例句 描述问题 face a problem / doubt / have no way to do People were troubled by heavy traffic. 人们饱受交通拥堵困扰。 Old lamps brought much inconvenience to people. 老式灯具给人们带来诸多不便。 描述创意 put forward an idea 提出想法 get inspiration from... 从…… 获得灵感 think differently 换位思考;创新思考 design sth. 设计某物 He got inspiration from daily life. 他从日常生活中获得灵感。 The engineers put forward a new plan. 工程师们提出了新方案。 描述解决过程 make efforts to do 努力做某事 carry out tests 开展测试 work out a plan 制定方案 deal with the trouble 处理难题 succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 They carried out many tests and finally succeeded. 他们做了多次测试,最终取得成功。 We worked out a good solution to the problem. 我们找到了绝佳的解决办法。 描述影响 improve people's life 改善人们的生活 cut down waste/loss 减少浪费 / 损失 bring convenience to sb. 为某人带来便利 benefit people greatly 使人们受益匪浅 set a good example 树立榜样 go far beyond time 经久不衰 Shared bikes bring great convenience to students. 共享单车为学生带来极大便利。 This invention improves our living environment greatly. 这项发明极大改善了我们的生活环境。 诸多伟大的想法,往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例,撰文讲述:有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法,最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容: ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文二】 A long time ago, people mainly used stone axes to cut wood. This work was not only slow but also very tiring. Everyone wanted a better tool to make the job easier, yet nobody came up with a good idea. One day, Lu Ban was walking in the mountains. A sharp wild leaf cut his finger. He looked closely at the leaf and got great inspiration. Then he created a new tool called the saw with sharp teeth. It worked far better than axes. This brilliant invention brought great changes to people’s work. For thousands of years, the saw has been widely used all over the world. It truly shows that great ideas come from careful observation around us. 【范文二】 Hundreds of years ago, people felt confused about a common natural phenomenon. Nobody could explain why all things fell down to the ground instead of flying up. It remained a big puzzle for a long time. One day, Isaac Newton, a famous British scientist, saw an apple fall from the tree. This small scene gave him a new thought. He kept thinking and doing research day after day. Finally, he found out the existence of gravity, which pulls all things toward the Earth. This great finding opened a new door for physics. It explained many natural laws clearly. Up to now, people still learn and make use of his important discovery in scientific study. $Unit 1 Great people 核心单词及变形 2 / 2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1.outstanding adj.优秀 的;杰出的 【变形】stand out 脱颖而出,出众 2.old-fashioned adj. 陈旧的;过时的 3.classical adj.古典的; 经典的 【变形】classic优秀的、典型的 4.ordinary adj.普通的; 平凡的 5.lamp n.灯 6.poet n.诗人 【变形】poem n. 诗(可数) poetry n. 诗歌(总称) 7.dramatist n.剧作家 【变形】drama n. 戏剧;剧本 dramatic adj. 戏剧的;引人注目 8.judgement n.看法,意见,评价 【变形】judge v. 判断;评判;审判  judge n. 法官;裁判 9.consider v.认为;觉得 【变形】consideration n. 考虑;斟酌 10.background n.背景 11. significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的 【变形】significance n. 重要性;意义 12.milestone n.重要事件; 里程碑 13.manage v.完成(困难的事) 【变形】management n. 管理;管理层 manager n. 经理;管理者 【搭配】manage to do sth 设法做成某事 14.impact n.巨大影响; 强大作用 【搭配】have an impact on… 对…… 产生影响 【同义词】influence(侧重潜移默化的影响) effect(影响,结果、效应) 15.truth n.真理 【变形】true adj. 真实的 truly adv. 真正地;真诚地 16.concentrated adj.全神 贯注的;全力以赴的 【搭配】be concentrated on… 专心于…… concentrate on doing sth 专心做某事 17.belief n.相信 【变形】believe v. 相信 重点短语 1.have a talent for 在…方面有天赋 2.even though 虽然;尽管 3.on her own 独自;靠她自己 4.be made up of 由…组成 5.with …in mind 心里想着… 6.In addition to 除…之外(还有) 7.It is fitting that… …是合乎情理的 8.name…after 以…命名 9.build her knowledge 积累知识;充实学识 10.reached for 伸手去拿;努力争取 11.be concentrated on 专心于;集中精力于 12.be fond of 喜爱;喜欢 必背句型 1.She also had a talent for poetry 她还颇具写诗的天赋。 2. When she was a teenager, she spent a lot of time studying and building her knowledge in her grandfather's library. 少年时期,她常在祖父的书房里潜心学习、积累学识。 3. Scientific texts need to be written in a clear way so that everyone can understand them. 科学著作应当写得浅显易懂,让所有人都能看懂。 4. With this in mind, she rewrote the mathematician Mei Wending’s famous book about calculation. 秉持这一想法,她改写了数学家梅文鼎的著名算学典籍。 5. .It was made up of a round table representing the Earth, a lamp as the Sun, and a round mirror as the Moon. 这套模型由代表地球的圆桌、当作太阳的灯以及模拟月亮的圆镜组成。 6. In addition to her achievements in mathematics and astronomy, Wang Zhenyi was an excellent poet, and she wrote about unusually modern topics. 除了在数学和天文学领域有所建树,王贞仪还是一位出色的诗人,她的诗作立意新颖,颇具现代思想。 7.She died at the age of 29—it is fitting that she is remembered beyond it. 她年仅 29 岁便离世。她能被后世长久铭记,实至名归。 8. It is said that he was so concentrated on translating The Communist Manifesto that he didn't realize he was eating ink. 据说他全神贯注翻译《共产党宣言》,竟没发觉自己在蘸墨吃粽子。 单元易错点归纳 1. talent 名词 (n.) 天赋;才能;天资 talented 形容词 (adj.) 有天赋的;有才干的 have a talent for sth. / doing sth. 表示 “在某方面有天赋” be talented in sth. / doing sth. 表示 “在某方面有天赋” 2. poet = 写诗歌的人 → 诗人 poem = 一首一首具体的诗 → 单篇诗作(可数) poetry = 诗歌这类文学(总称)→ 诗歌、诗艺(不可数) 3.spend/cost/take/pay表达花费的区别 词汇 用法 spend 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构: 1. spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱 2. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事 cost 主语是物或者某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法:“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱” take 后面常跟双宾语,常用于以下结构: 1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。 2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。 pay 主语必须是人,常用于以下结构: 1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱(给某人) 2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱 3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱 4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。 4. be made up of 由…… 组成(强调组成成分,整体→部分) be made of 由…… 制成(成品能看出原材料) be made from 由…… 制成(成品看不出原材料) 5. in addition to除…… 之外(还有);此外 in addition to + 名词 /doing(介词短语) in addition(副词短语,单独使用,后接完整句子) 6. It is fitting that …… 是恰当的;…… 合情合理;理应如此 整体为形式主语句型:it 是形式主语,真正主语是后面的 that 从句。 7.be concentrated on + 名词 /doing sth 专心于、全神贯注做某事 concentrate on 集中注意力去做 用 concentrate on(动作) 用 be concentrated on(状态)两句句意基本同义,可以互换。 8. manage to do sth 设法成功做成某事(经过努力终于做成,已成功) manage sth. 管理;经营;处理某事 拓展辨析 try to do:尽力去做(不一定成功) manage to do:努力做成(结果成功) 9. classical/ classic classic:侧重 “经典的、优秀的、典型的”, classical:侧重 “古典的、传统的”,指该领域的 “古典流派 / 传统风格”,仅作形容词。 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元的写作任务是围绕“伟人”这一核心主题, 选择一位你敬佩的伟人, 介绍其生平背景 、主要成就和对社会的贡献, 分析其成为伟人的优秀品质, 并说明你从他/她身上学到了什么。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1.人物身份:scientist(科学家),astronomer(天文学家),composer(作曲家),artist(艺术家),pioneer(先驱),hero(英雄) 2. 成就贡献:discovery(发现),invention(发明),contribution(贡献),achieve(实现), develop(发展),save lives(拯救生命),change the world(改变世界) 3. 优秀品质: hardworking(勤奋的), brave(勇敢的),creative(有创造力的),curious(好奇的),confident(自信的),strong-willed(意志坚定的,selfless(无私的) 4.逻辑连接词: however(然而),besides(此外),therefore(因此),what's more(而且) 短语 1. grow up in a family that… 在…… 家庭长大 2. have a talent for 在某方面有天赋 3. from an early age /from a young age 从小 4. show a strong interest in… 对…… 产生浓厚兴趣 5. be fond of doing sth 热衷于做某事 6. in addition to 除…… 以外 7. spend a lot of time doing… 花大量时间做 8. in poor conditions 在艰苦条件下 9. face numerous difficulties 面对许多挫折 10. never lose heart 从不灰心 11. a significant milestone 重大的里程碑 12. name…after 以…… 命名 13. benefit the whole world 造福全世界 14. win great honor and worldwide recognition 获得殊荣与世界认可 15. build one’s knowledge 积累知识 16. selfless devotion 无私奉献 17. strong will 顽强的意志 18. It is fitting that… … 实至名归 19. become a role model 成为榜样 20. make great contributions to… 为…… 做出巨大贡献 √素材积累——话题金句 一、开头通用句式: 1. 他成长在一个重视知识与医学研究的家庭。 He grew up in a family that valued knowledge and medical research. 2. 年少时,她在科学研究方面很有天赋。 From an early age, she had a talent for scientific study. 3. 受伟大科学家的启发,她热衷于探索医学与科学的奥秘。 Inspired by great scientists, she was fond of exploring medical and scientific secrets. 二、中间通用句式: 聚焦人物最突出的社会贡献, 描写人物的付出与坚持 1.她的贡献带来的影响如今仍体现在全球医疗领域。 The impact of her contributions can still be seen in global medical treatment. 2.由于他的辛勤付出,他/她收获了崇高的荣誉和世界的认可。 Thanks to his hard work, he won great honor and worldwide recognition. 3. 她人生中一个重要的里程碑就是取得了重大的科学发现。 A significant milestone in her life was when she made great scientific discoveries. 4. 除了基础学习和日常工作外,她心系助人,花费大量时间做研究。 In addition to basic study and daily work, she spent a lot of time doing research with helping others in mind. 三、结尾通用句式:总结人物的品质,社会价值与奉献精神。 1.人们由衷敬佩她,因为她为社会与人类健康做出了巨大贡献。 People deeply admire her for her great contributions to society and human health. 2.她收获巨大成就、赢得全世界广泛尊敬实至名归。 It is fitting that she gains great success and wide respect from the world. 3.我们应当学习她顽强的意志与奉献精神。 We should learn from her strong will and dedication √俗语谚语 1.Try not to become a man of success. Rather become a man of value. 不要试图成为一个成功的人, 而要努力成为一个有价值的人。—— Albert Einstein 2. Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. 天才是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。—— Thomas Edison √写作典例及思路 介绍伟大人物的基本结构: 开头:简单介绍人物身份、出生、职业、研究领域,快速引出人物。 中间:中间第一段:列举人物最核心、最具影响力的成果、贡献或荣誉。 中间第二段:讲述人物的奋斗过程、付出的努力,成功来之不易 结尾:总结人物的社会价值、奉献意义,说明受人尊敬的核心原因。 提炼人物优秀品质,总结成功根源,完成全文升华。 写作部分 核心内容 推荐时态 连接词/过渡语 开头(总起) 引出人物, 点明其身份和核心贡献 一般现在时 The great person I admire most is. He/ She is known as. One of the greatest... in history is... 中间(分述) 1. 早年生活与教育背景 2. 主要成就与贡献 3. 优秀品质分析 早年经历 :一般过去时 品质与影响 :一般现在时 At a young age…Through hard Work…In addition….What makes him/her special is that… Thanks to his/her efforts... 结尾(总结) 总结人物影响, 表达敬佩与学习决心 一般现在时 In short. I think we should learn from him/her. His/her spirit will always encourage us to... 经典范文 介绍一位你敬佩的伟人。包括其生平、主要成就、性格特点及你从他身上获得的启发,词数100-120左右,题目为“A Great person I Admire”。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I admire Albert Einstein, one of the world’s greatest scientists. He grew up in a family that valued knowledge. From a young age, he showed a strong interest in physics. Inspired by natural wonders, he was fond of thinking over mysteries of space and time. A significant milestone in his life was when he created the world-famous Theory of Relativity. In addition to busy daily research, he spent a lot of time doing experiments with uncovering the secrets of the universe in mind. He met lots of difficulties and repeated failures, but he never lost heart. Through his hard work, he managed to make breakthroughs that shook the whole science field. His findings helped people understand nature in brand-new ways. The impact of his contributions can still be seen in modern physics and space research. It is fitting that he earns worldwide respect. His perseverance teaches me to stick to my dreams and keep exploring bravely. Unit 2 Great ideas 核心单词及变形 1.ignorance n.无知 【变形】ignore v. 忽视,不理睬,无视 ignorant adj. 无知的,愚昧的;不知情的 2.application n. 应用 3.fancy精致的;绚丽的 4.satisfied adj.满意的;满足的 【搭配】be satisfied with… 对…… 感到满意 satisfying adj. 令人满意的(修饰事物) satisfaction n. 满意;满足;乐事 5.prince n.王子 6.displace /v.排出;挤出;取代;替代 【同义】replace v. 替换,取代(最通用) 7.fool v.欺骗;愚弄 【变形】foolish adj. 愚蠢的,傻的 【搭配】fool sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事 8.prove v.证明;证实 【变形】proof n. 证据;证明;佐证 9.hardly adv.几乎不;几乎,没有 【区别】hard 表 “难、努力、猛烈”; hardly 表 “几乎没有、几乎不” 10.balanced adj.保持(或显 示)平術的 【变形】balance v. 权衡;使均衡 n. 平衡;均衡;余额 【搭配】balanced diet 均衡饮食(中考高频) 11.reject v.拒绝接受;不予考虑 【搭配】reject doing拒接做某事 12.thus adv.因此;如此 重点短语 1.be satisfied with对…感到满意 2.find out the truth查明真相 3.fill…with用…装满… 4.run over溢出;漫出 5.go straight to径直走向;直达 6.praise…for因…而表扬 7.as a whole整体 8.a balanced life均衡的生活 9.get sth. across把某事讲清楚;使理解 10.that is也就是说;即 11.have a lasting impact on对…产生持久的影响 12.in harmony with与…… 和谐共处 必背句型 1. Give me but one firm spot on which to stand, and I will move the Earth. 给我一个支点,我就能撬动地球。 2. At first, he was very satisfied with it. 起初,他对这顶王冠十分满意。 3. “This problem seems difficult to solve. What should I do?” thought Archimedes. 阿基米德心想:这个问题似乎很难解决,我该怎么办? 4. Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water 阿基米德往浴缸里放水时,还在思索这个难题。 5. A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. 纯金打造的王冠,比掺了其他金属的王冠排开的水量更少。 6. He then sent the crown maker to prison, and he praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. 随后他将工匠关进监狱,并称赞阿基米德这一巧妙的发现。 7. The idea is that we, as humans, should live a simple, peaceful and balanced life, respecting our place in nature. 其中的思想是:人类应当过简朴、平和、均衡的生活,尊重自身在自然界中的位置。 8. It is not surprising, therefore, that many of Laozi‘s famous sayings use nature to get the message across. 因此,老子的诸多名言都借助自然事物来传递思想,这也就不足为奇了 9. Daodejing has had a lasting impact on culture in China and beyond. 《道德经》对中国乃至世界各地的文化都产生了深远影响。 10. Its ideas about living in harmony with nature have inspired people all over the world, 它的与自然和谐共处的理念,启迪了全世界的人们。 单元易错点归纳 1. satisfy satisfy 使满意;满足 satisfied (人)感到满意的 satisfying (事物)令人满意的 satisfy sb. 使某人满意 常用搭配 be satisfied with 固定词组(中考核心) 对…… 感到满意 2. seem 似乎;好像;仿佛 1. seem + 形容词 看起来…… 2. seem + 名词 好像是…… 3. seem to do sth. (中考高频) 好像 / 似乎做某事 4. It seems + that 从句 看来;似乎……(it 作形式主语) 3. fill...with... (主动)用…… 把…… 装满(中考必考搭配) be filled with (被动短语) 被…… 填满;充满…… be full of (同义短语,中考高频)充满……(状态表达) 4. consider...as a whole 从整体考虑 look at...as a whole 整体看待 5. balance 名词 n. 平衡;均衡 keep/lose balance 保持 / 失去平衡 balanced adj. 均衡的;平衡的;和谐的 a balanced life 均衡安稳的生活 6. reject 拒绝;摒弃;不接受;嫌弃 reject doing refuse 拒绝 只接不定式 refuse to do sth 7. hardly hardly + 动词 几乎不…… hard 形容词:硬的、难的 副词:努力地、猛烈地(有实际力度 / 难度含义) hardly 只作副词,意思是几乎不,带否定意味,和 “困难、用力” 无关。 易错提醒 hardly 本身含否定,句中不能再加 not 单元写作素材及满分范文 √单元写作任务 本单元的写作任务是围绕“伟大的想法”这一核心主题,选择一个你了解的伟大想法,介绍它解决了什么问题、是谁提出的、如何解决问题以及这个想法对我们生活的影响。 √素材积累——话题词汇 1.问题相关:problem(问题), difficulty(困难), challenge(挑战), infection(感染),disease(疾病) 2. 想法与发明 :idea(想法), invention(发明), discovery(发现), create(创造), invent (发明), come up with(提出) 3. 解决与影响:solve(解决), develop(发展), improve(改善), influence(影响), change(改变),save lives(拯救生命), make life easier(让生活更便捷) 4. 逻辑连接词:first(首先),then(然后),finally(最后), as a result(结果), because of (因为) 短语 1. find out the truth 查明真相 2. be made of/from 由…… 制成 3. think of a brilliant idea 想出绝妙的主意 4. come up with a new way to… 想出做… 的新方法 5. get an idea from… 从… 得到启发 6. change people’s lives 改变人们的生活 7. have a lasting impact on 对… 产生深远影响 8. spend a lot of time doing… 花大量时间做 9. benefit the whole world 造福全世界 10. deal with the trouble 处理难题 11. set a good example 树立榜样 12. bring convenience to sb. 为某人带来便利 √素材积累——话题金句 一、描述背景与困境 1.很久以前,人们被一道难题所困扰。 Long ago, people were troubled by a hard problem. 2.传统方法难以解决这个难题。 Traditional ways could hardly solve the problem. 二、介绍人物与萌生想法 1.一位伟大的科学家想出了一个绝妙的主意。 A great scientist came up with a brilliant idea. 2.他从一件日常小事中得到了启发。 He got an idea from a small daily thing. 三、讲述过程与解决办法 1.他们想出了解决问题的新方法。 They thought of a new way to deal with the problem. 2.这个富有创意的想法收效极佳。 His creative idea turned out to be very useful. 四、阐述影响与意义 1.这个了不起的想法彻底改变了人们的生活。 This amazing idea completely changed people’s lives. 2.它对全世界都产生了深远的影响。 It has left a lasting influence on the whole world. 3.时至今日,人们依旧从他的想法中获益良多。 People still benefit a lot from his idea today. 五、总结感悟 1.面对困难,我们应当坚持不懈、永不言弃。 We should hold on and never give up when facing difficulties. √俗语谚语 1.Daring ideas are like chessmen moved forward. They may be beaten, but they may start a winning game. 大胆的想法就像向前走的棋子。它们可能会被击败 ,但可能会开启一场胜利的游戏—Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 2. Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母。 √写作典例及思路 文章结构 ①待解决的问题 ②想出创意的人 ③创意如何解决问题 ④这个创意对我们生活的影响 段落 对应模块 核心任务 开头 · the problem to be solved 引入话题,点明当时存在的问题 中间段 · the person with the idea · the idea & how it solved the problem 介绍人物背景,引出他 / 她的伟大想法 讲清楚想法是什么、怎么解决问题的 结尾 · influence of the great idea 说明影响和意义,升华主题 【通用句型】 分类 词汇 / 短语 例句 描述问题 face a problem / doubt / have no way to do People were troubled by heavy traffic. 人们饱受交通拥堵困扰。 Old lamps brought much inconvenience to people. 老式灯具给人们带来诸多不便。 描述创意 put forward an idea 提出想法 get inspiration from... 从…… 获得灵感 think differently 换位思考;创新思考 design sth. 设计某物 He got inspiration from daily life. 他从日常生活中获得灵感。 The engineers put forward a new plan. 工程师们提出了新方案。 描述解决过程 make efforts to do 努力做某事 carry out tests 开展测试 work out a plan 制定方案 deal with the trouble 处理难题 succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 They carried out many tests and finally succeeded. 他们做了多次测试,最终取得成功。 We worked out a good solution to the problem. 我们找到了绝佳的解决办法。 描述影响 improve people's life 改善人们的生活 cut down waste/loss 减少浪费 / 损失 bring convenience to sb. 为某人带来便利 benefit people greatly 使人们受益匪浅 set a good example 树立榜样 go far beyond time 经久不衰 Shared bikes bring great convenience to students. 共享单车为学生带来极大便利。 This invention improves our living environment greatly. 这项发明极大改善了我们的生活环境。 诸多伟大的想法,往往源自现实中遇到的难题。请选取一则事例,撰文讲述:有人凭借独到的智慧与巧妙的办法,最终攻克难题的经历。文章包含以下内容: ● What was the problem to be solved? ● Who came up with a brilliant idea to solve the problem? ● How was the problem solved? ● What influence has this idea had on our lives? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文二】 A long time ago, people mainly used stone axes to cut wood. This work was not only slow but also very tiring. Everyone wanted a better tool to make the job easier, yet nobody came up with a good idea. One day, Lu Ban was walking in the mountains. A sharp wild leaf cut his finger. He looked closely at the leaf and got great inspiration. Then he created a new tool called the saw with sharp teeth. It worked far better than axes. This brilliant invention brought great changes to people’s work. For thousands of years, the saw has been widely used all over the world. It truly shows that great ideas come from careful observation around us. 【范文二】 Hundreds of years ago, people felt confused about a common natural phenomenon. Nobody could explain why all things fell down to the ground instead of flying up. It remained a big puzzle for a long time. One day, Isaac Newton, a famous British scientist, saw an apple fall from the tree. This small scene gave him a new thought. He kept thinking and doing research day after day. Finally, he found out the existence of gravity, which pulls all things toward the Earth. This great finding opened a new door for physics. It explained many natural laws clearly. Up to now, people still learn and make use of his important discovery in scientific study. $

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专题01 Units 1~2 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作范文(期中知识清单)九年级英语上学期新教材沪教版
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专题01 Units 1~2 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作范文(期中知识清单)九年级英语上学期新教材沪教版
2
专题01 Units 1~2 重点单词短语句型&易错点&写作范文(期中知识清单)九年级英语上学期新教材沪教版
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