考前押题05 语法填空6大常考话题（期中专项训练）九年级英语上学期新教材仁爱科普版

考前押题05 语法填空6大常考话题 话题1 家乡变化 话题2 社会发展 话题3 环境保护（难点） 话题4 发明与创造（常考点） 话题5 中华文化 话题6 个人经历 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 家乡变化（共5篇） Passage 1 通读下面短文，然后在空白处填入恰当的词或用空白处后括号内所给单词的正确形式填空（每空不得超过3个单词）。 Nowadays, our life is quite different from that in the past. People 1 (use) to face many difficulties ten years ago. Many 2 (village) were far away from the capital and farmland was seriously short. Dirty dirt covered narrow roads, making travel difficult. 3 the government’s support, new roads are built. People can travel 4 (easy) by modern railways. More villagers sell corn 5 local products online, which makes their business better. Meanwhile, we learn from inspiring thinkers. We know it is necessary 6 (develop) our hometown with courage and hard work. We should be brave when we meet challenges and play 7 active part in improving our living environment. Many changes 8 (take) place over the past ten years. We will keep 9 (learn) from great people and make our socialist home much 10 (good). Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Xujiadai, a small village in Zhejiang Province, has become China’s most famous baseball village by 1 (hold) over 00 baseball and softball (垒球) games. It sets a wonderful example of using sports to push forward rural revitalization (乡村振兴). It turns the quiet village into a lively and hopeful place with just one 2 (create) idea. Ten years ago, most 3 (village) made a living by keeping pigs. The environment was polluted, and the village had no clear way to develop. Everything 4 (change) in 207, when Liu Jianqun became the village Party secretary (党支部书记). He wanted to find a new way to improve the village. Liu found a great chance: Many business people loved baseball, 5 they had no nearby field. At the same time, the village had some empty land. So he came up with a brave plan—to build a baseball field there. The first field opened in 208 and soon held its first big game. To everyone’s surprise, baseball became very popular. As 6 village became well-known, it held more top-level games. A new international baseball stadium (体育场) opened in 2025, making it possible to host great 7 (compete) for both young and adult players. Baseball has 8 (bring) great changes to Xujiadai. As more visitors come to watch baseball games, the income (收入) of the village has risen greatly. The village has built a new industry chain (产业链). It covers sports, tourism, food and farm picking. As a result, it provides over 500 jobs 9 local people every year. Baseball is now part of local daily life. Today, Xujiadai 10 (show) the world that with clear goals and hard work, a small village can achieve great success. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 My hometown is a village in Chifeng. In my 1 (child), it was small but quiet. Our living 2 (standard) were low. We had neither TVs nor cars, and we usually 3 (hang) out near our houses in our spare time. Most people did labor jobs in the fields with simple tools. So, many people moved to cities to find jobs, hoping to improve their lives. But the situation has changed 4 (complete). With the 5 (develop) of our country, great changes have also taken place here. More and more factories have 6 (be) built. We can make money 7 leaving home. Children go to the new and modern schools. They can get education there 8 free. We can get better medical care in recently built hospitals. We have more kinds of leisure 9 (activity), such as enjoying the comfort 10 the cinemas and playing chess in beautiful parks. With more people owning computers or smartphones, communication with the outside world also improves. Thanks to our country, people in my hometown are living a rich life now. I believe our lives will be better and better in the future. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born in Heze, a city 1 a long history in Shandong. Today I’m just 14 years old. However, I have seen great changes in Heze. 2 I was young, my grandmother liked to take me out and go around the city. Though I couldn’t speak 3 (good), I knew it wasn’t a busy city. There were many small buildings, not tall buildings. At about four, I 4 (begin) to learn things by watching TV and reading books or magazines. One day, I saw a long and big car called “train” on TV. So I said 5 my grandma, “Grandma, this thing 6 (look) so strange and it’s called ‘train’. Why haven’t I seen it here? You must be too careless to take me to see it, right?” “Oh, no! My child,” said my grandma, “that’s not my fault. In fact, there aren’t any trains here. Our city doesn’t have good transportation.” Ten years later, I’m not 4 years old any more. I 7 (grow) into a teenager. Now, the city has really changed a lot. And she is still growing up quickly. 8 (hundred) of tall buildings stand up on the ground. The whole city 9 (cover) with green plants. The trains are running so fast and the railway system makes travelling much 10 (convenient). I don’t believe it is difficult for her to become better and better in the future. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I 1 (not see) my hometown for five years. Last month, I 2 (go) back with my parents. I was surprised 3 (find) that great changes had taken place there. The old narrow streets 4 (become) wide and clean. Many tall buildings 5 (build) in the center of the town. The 6 (improve) of transportation has made people’s life easier. They can take buses or drive their own cars to work. In the past, children had few 7 (choose) for entertainment, but now they have many. They can watch movies in cinemas, play sports in modern gyms, or surf the Internet at home. My grandparents 8 (live) in the countryside all their lives, but now they have moved to a new apartment in the town. They say they 9 (never, be) so happy before. I am really proud of the 10 (develop) of my hometown. 话题2 社会发展（共5篇） Passage 1 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，用所给词的正确形式或填入一个适当的词。 Great changes 1 (take) place in Beijing over the last twenty years. 2 the past, big families were crowded into small houses, and the streets were narrow. People 3 (not have) mobile phones, so they wrote letters to keep in touch with each other. Open-air movies used to be the only form of 4 (entertain). Now everything is different. With the 5 (develop) of technology, life has become much easier. Our country 6 (make) great achievements since its opening-up, and there have been great 7 (improve) in medical treatment. More and more people 8 (move) into new apartments already. The high-speed railway 9 (be) in use since 2008. In any case, we should keep up with 10 changing world. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 My hometown 1 (change) a lot over the years. In the past, people 2 (live) in low old houses. Public transport 3 (be) slow. People’s leisure activities were few. Now great changes have taken place. Thanks to the 4 (develop) of society, we have tall buildings and wide roads. Modern transport makes it easy 5 (travel). Better medical care helps people live much 6 (long). People can get in touch with others by using mobile phones. They take part in all kinds of leisure 7 (activity) in their free time. I 8 (live) here since I was born. I am glad 9 (see) these improvements. I hope our hometown 10 (become) better and better. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have been away from my hometown for ten years. Last weekend, I returned to my hometown but I lost my way because great changes 1 (take) place since I left. When I got there, I couldn’t believe my eyes! It has changed into a modern village 2 beautiful parks. There are electric cars everywhere in the wide streets. But I can still breathe the fresh air just like before. The government took measures 3 (improve) the people’s living conditions. In order to make people get good 4 (medicine) treatment in time, the government offered much money to start the NRCMSC (新型农村合作医疗制度). 5 they go to the hospital, they pay only a little for it. Besides, the government helped the 6 (village) go into agritainment (农家乐). 7 (thousand) of visitors all over the country come here for their holidays. The farmers are getting richer and richer. And thanks to better transport, the children in the countryside can get a good education now. In general, the government is trying its best to help people. What’s more, today’s communication is rather different from that of 8 past. People now keep in touch with 9 (they) friends and relatives more often by using phones and the internet instead 10 sending letters. I’m very happy to see these great changes in my hometown. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is a nation with a rich culture in handwriting (书法). “Even though the computer is 1 (wide) used today, Chinese people should not forget the skill of writing with hands,” said a Chinese government officer. So far, the computer 2 (become) a very useful tool to help people to write. As people use computers more often than before, many people have forgotten how to write Chinese characters (字). People often make a number of mistakes 3 writing. The Chinese character test shows that nowadays, many college students’ handwriting has got even 4 (bad) than before. Many college students do not know how to make words or sentences in Chinese characters in the right way. Not only kids but also many 5 (adult) have met the same problem. They might be able to tell the general form (形式) of a character. 6 , if you ask them to spell out the character correctly, they can’t. On the other hand, they can type out the character on 7 computer without thinking twice. At present, China 8 (try) its best to solve the problem. With the use of certain technologies, teachers can write their teaching contents (内容) and the students can 9 (reply) by writing in the national language teaching course. We can also write letters to our family and friends instead of sending messages. This can help 10 (we) practice handwriting. Besides, there are many ways that we can try. Passage 5 Loni lived happily with her grandma in 1 lovely town. Looking out of the window, they saw people walking on wide streets and guide dogs helping blind people cross roads safely. Loni thought 2 (she) hometown was a perfect place to live in. Long ago, this place 3 (be) full of farmland. Villagers mainly grew corn and fed farm animals. 4 people lacked convenient traffic and often faced the shortage of daily goods at that time. They could only travel by boat, horse or on foot, which was really hard. Later, more people came here, which brought 5 huge changes. With strong support from the local government, leaders 6 (lead) villagers 7 (develop) the town. Farmers began to build new houses, supermarkets, highways and railways. Man-made facilities and high-tech 8 (produce) appeared everywhere. Digital life and e-payment also entered people’s daily lives. Great changes 9 (take) place in the town over the years. It has changed 10 (great). People’s housing conditions have improved and life has become much 11 (easy). More tourist 12 (attract) are built here. Everyone is happy 13 the new life and 14 (enjoy) living here. We all believe the town 15 (create) more miracles and become more beautiful in the future. 话题3 环境保护（共5篇） Passage 1 How many backpacks (背包) have you owned since you went to school? Backpacks have 1 (become) common and popular among students since 30 years ago. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away? Several years ago, a study 2 (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in dustbins. But as we know, most backpacks are 3 (produce) from different materials. If we throw them away, they will be 4 (harm) to our environment. 5 some of the old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some useful ways for you. For example, do you feel it difficult to find your tools in the house? You can solve this problem by 6 (make) use of your old backpacks to store all 7 (kind) of tools. Also, it is 8 wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides, offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good choice as those old backpacks may make their life 9 convenient than before. All in all, old backpacks are still of great value as long as we put 10 (they) into use wisely. Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures! Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Wang Dejia, a forest ranger (护林员) in Daxing’anling, passed away on duty in 2024 1 the age of 56. But his devotion to the forest will always be remembered by local people. During his 32 years of work, he made great contributions to forest protection and is widely respected by the 2 (village). Born in a small village near the forest, Wang grew up listening to stories of the old rangers. He joined the forest team in 992 and began his lifelong career (事业) as 3 common ranger. At that time, the area had no proper roads 4 enough communication tools. Wang and his workmates patrolled on foot and recorded tree conditions by 5 (they). They used simple notebooks instead of smart devices and checked every corner of the forest to make sure there was no fire risk. After many years of hard work, the forest coverage of the area increased 6 (great). But Wang didn’t stop. Even in his 7 (fifty), he still walked tens of kilometers every day and trained young rangers patiently. In 2023, he was given the title of “Most Beautiful Forest Ranger”—one of the 8 (high) honors for forest workers in the province. From Wang Dejia, we can learn to be responsible, be brave and keep 9 (guard) the things we value. His spirit encourages more young people to devote themselves to 10 (environment) protection. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Trees are important to us. They 1 (provide) us with wood, fruits and oxygen. They can also stop soil from 2 (wash) away and protect us from terrible storms. 3 , in many parts of the world, trees are being cut down at a high speed. People cut down trees to build houses, make paper and open farms. Every year, over 10 million acres of forests 4 (lose). The loss of forests causes many problems. The weather gets 5 (hot) and drier. Many animals lose their homes. Some are even 6 danger of dying out. Luckily, people around the world have realized the 7 (important) of trees. They are taking action to plant more trees. China has made great achievements. The country has planted 8 (many) trees than any other country in the world. The Great Green Wall project has stopped deserts from 9 (spread) north. Everyone can do something to protect trees. We can use 10 (little) paper and recycle more. Small actions make a big difference. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bees are necessary for our planet. They pollinate about 75% of food crops in the world. 1 them, we would not have most of the fruits, vegetables and nuts we eat. 2 , bees are disappearing around the world. The main reason is the use of pesticides. Pesticides can kill bees 3 (direct) or harm their ability to find food. Another reason is the loss of flowers. Bees need flowers 4 food. Climate change is also making things 5 (bad). Higher temperatures change the timing of flower blooming. This means bees can’t find enough food. 6 can we do to help bees? Here are some ideas. First, plant more flowers and native plants. Bees love native flowers 7 (much) than non-native ones. Second, don’t use pesticides if possible. Use natural ways 8 (protect) your garden instead. Third, buy local honey. It supports local beekeepers. Bees are small 9 they play a big role in our ecosystem. Let’s take action now to save 10 (this) amazing little animals. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forests are the lungs of the earth. They are very important for 1 (human) and animals. Trees can clean the air and stop soil from 2 (wash) away. They also provide homes for wildlife. 3 , forests are disappearing at a surprising speed. People cut down trees for wood, farmland, and cities. Every year, about 18 million acres of forests 4 (lose). The loss of forests causes many problems. The weather gets hotter and drier. Some animals are in danger of 5 (die) out. There are more natural disasters. Luckily, people around the world are realizing 6 important forests are. They are taking action to protect forests. China has done a good job. The country has 7 (many) planted forests than any other country in the world. The Great Green Wall has helped stop deserts from 8 (spread). Everyone can help protect forests, too. We can use 9 (little) paper and recycle more. We can also plant more trees. Forests are our treasure. Protecting forests is protecting 10 (we). 话题4 发明与创造（共5篇） Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 China has a long and proud history of bridge building. Over 1,400 years ago, the brilliant Anji Bridge was 1 (build). Made of stone, it still stands strong today, which shows that ancient Chinese engineers were wise. This spirit of innovation (创新) 2 (continue) in modern times. An amazing example is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world’s 3 (long) sea-crossing bridge. This project connects Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macau, 4 (great) reducing travel time. Building it was 5 huge challenge. Engineers made a special undersea tunnel to allow ships to pass through 6 created artificial (人造的) islands to support the bridge. This project shows China’s top-level skills in engineering and technology. 7 ancient stone arches (拱桥) to this modern sea giant, Chinese bridges show great creation. They are not just structures for 8 (cross) rivers or seas. They are 9 (symbol) of connection and human achievements, lighting up the path to a much 10 (bright) future. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It tastes like a tomato, smells like a tomato and even looks like a tomato. There’s just one question: It’s purple. This new purple tomato could soon 1 (sell) in the US. A team of scientists, including Dr. Cathie Martin, developed the special kind of tomato by making changes to its DNA．Though the color is unusual, they have much 2 (great) antioxidants than normal tomatoes. Dr. Martin wanted to see 3 she could develop tomatoes with lots of antioxidants by changing the DNA of a tomato plant. She found out that purple tomatoes 4 (stay) fresh almost twice as long as normal tomatoes. Then she tested the tomatoes 5 mice that would probably get cancer. The ones who ate the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those who ate normal tomatoes. That’s 6 good piece of news. However, the results of animal studies don’t always work in 7 (human). So the teammates had to reach agreements with the US government to grow and sell the purple tomatoes 8 (wide) in the US. Finally, they 9 (succeed) on September 7, 2022. So far, they 10 (plan) to introduce the tomatoes across the US. They also hope to sell the seeds to people who want to grow their own. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The high-speed trains, mobile payments, shared bikes and e-commerce (电子商务) are often called China’s four new great inventions. They have changed the way people live in China and even the world. In the past, traveling over 1 long distance by train took a lot of time. But now, high-speed trains can go hundreds 2 kilometers in just a few hours. For example, you can have 3 (breakfast) in Beijing and dinner in Shanghai. Before, people had to carry cash or cards to pay for things. But now, 4 mobile payments, you can pay for things conveniently and safely. Many people around the world are starting to use mobile payments too 5 it’s so easy. You can find shared bikes everywhere in the city. When you need 6 (go) somewhere nearby, you can just scan a code (扫码) on your phone and ride a bike. It’s a great way to exercise and it’s also 7 (good) for the environment. E-commerce means shopping on the internet. You can buy whatever you want on your computer or phone instead of 8 (go) to a store. And then, it 9 (deliver) to your door. This is very 10 (help) for people who are busy or don’t like going out.   In short, these four new great inventions have made life much better for people. They save time, make things easier and help us do more with less effort. Passage 4 根据上下文语意在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的正确形式填空。 Do you know anything about the invention of the bar code (条形码)? A small food store owner found that 1 was difficult to keep records of the product information. In 194, he asked the Drexel Institute of Technology 2 (solve) this problem. Bernard Silver, a graduate student, was 3 (interest) in it. He and his friend started to work on it. Soon, they invented their first working system (系统). The system did work at first, 4 it was very expensive and sometimes the system didn’t work 5 (good). If the invention was to become popular in 6 (store), the problem had to be solved. Finally, they solved them. The patent (专利权) for the bar code system 7 (ask) for by Silver in 1949, but the patent was not given 8 1952. Although this patent was given, the system was still not popular among store owners. In 1970, a company developed the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (食品工业统一码). In 1974, Marsh Supermarket in Troy was 9 first store to set up this bar code system. It 10 (become) very popular ever since, and now it’s used in all stores all over the world. Passage 5 Nobody likes a bully (恶霸). But bullying is a big problem around the world. According to the 1 (Canada) National Bullying Prevention Center (国家防欺凌中心), one out of every five students in Canada has been bullied. Nathan Fellars is a 2 (nine) grader at Centennial Middle School in Toronto. When he saw classmates being bullied, he 3 (know) he had to do something. “People often solve the problem after the bullying has happened. I wanted to see 4 there was a way to reduce bullying before it happened at all” Fellars told the Society for Science. After 5 (study) more about the causes of bullying, he had 6 idea to make the app Bully Block. On the app, students can share 7 (they) lives, whether good or bad. Others can then post responses (回复). But before the responses are posted, an AI program reads all of them. Only positive words can 8 (show). Fellars believes the project is so great that it will naturally stop bullying both online and in schools. “I would love to see my project be used 9 teachers and students,” said Fellars. “I love knowing that my 10 (invent) can help somebody else in the world.” 话题5 中华文化（共4篇） Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Accidental invention Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented 1 accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is 2 (say) that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was 3 (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some 4 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell 5 he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the sage of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also 6 (discuss) where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th 7 (century). In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 0 years, it had become the 8 (nation) drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the 9 (popular) of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones 10 best understand the nature of tea. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Recently, the film Dear You has become a huge hit across China. It tells a 1 (touch) story of Qiaopi. But what exactly is Qiaopi, and why did it mean so much to overseas Chinese and 2 (they) families? In the past century, many southern Chinese made their way to Southeast Asia, hoping for work and a 3 (good) life than they had in their hometowns. Before phones were 4 (invent), they stayed connected to their loved ones through Qiaopi. It is also called Yin Xin or “silver letters”, because money was often sent with the letters. These letters were usually short. They began with greetings, and then 5 (quick) moved on to daily life. Yet within just a few 6 (line), they carried deep love. The letters traveled thousands of kilometres 7 ship and passed through many hands before arriving at a village. Historically, Qiaopi also played 8 important role in supporting China during hard times. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-1945), overseas Chinese donated much money 9 some even returned to China to fight. Today, Qiaopi 10 (serve) as a bridge of memory, still connecting overseas Chinese to their homeland. Qiaopi为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数serves。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料, 按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求, 在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 There are many interesting and useful Chinese idioms. For example, we 1 (use) “wanku zidi”(纨绔子弟) to describe playboys from rich families for centuries. But do you know what “wanku” means? 2 Chinese, we often use clothing‑related words to refer to certain people. For example, jingguo, a kind of 3 (woman) headdress, is used to refer to women. We use paoze to refer to a soldier’s robe. Like these phrases, wanku is also related to clothes. Wan is 4 kind of fine cloth. It 5 (make) of silk and is closely woven (编织). Ku, just like today’s ku, means trousers or pants. Wanku was a type of expensive pants in the past, 6 silk was very rare (少见的) at that time. Only rich people could afford 7 . 8 (gradual), people started to use wanku to refer to playboys from wealthy families. This type of clothing showed 9 luxurious (奢侈的) and wasteful their lives were. The richer they were, the 10 (good) clothes they wore. Unlike rich people, common people could 11 (simple) wear plain cotton clothes. That’s why they were called buyi. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 A Chinese name is more than just a label. It is 1 gift from their parents, carrying their love, hopes and the best wishes for their child’s future. It 2 (connect) a person to their family and culture. In ancient China, some names were very popular. For example, when Confucianism 3 (spread) in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), people chose names to show kindness and trust. Characters such as “ren”and “de” were 4 (use) quite often. The Tang Dynasty official Di Renjie was known for being fair. In his name, Ren 5 (complete) showed the kindness. Also, many rules were followed by people 6 naming their children. Usually, names showed a person’s generation. Brothers and cousins might share the same character in their given names. They always avoided using characters from ruler’s or senior family member’s given names out of respect. Today, parents still like to pick names from traditional culture. It is reported that names 7 Zihan and Zixuan are still common at present, which shows that tradition is still respected. At the same time, parents are 8 (creative). They might choose characters that sound modern, have a nice rhythm, 9 combine (合并) the parents’ own names. Whether in the past or now, parents put a lot of thought into choosing a name, wishing their children 10 (be) kind, healthy, happy and successful. 话题6 个人经历（共4篇） Passage 1 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Hello, everyone! I’m Alice. I’m interested in creative thinking and I joined the school innovation club last month. Last week, we had a competition. We 1 (ask) to design a tool to help students organize their school things. I thought hard and finally came up with an idea: a backpack with special pockets for different items, like books, pens and lunch boxes. When I showed my design to the club members, they 2 (praise) me for my creative idea. Our teacher said it was 3 (real) practical and could be made into a real product. This experience made me realize that creative thinking is not as difficult 4 I thought. Everyone can have brilliant ideas 5 they pay attention to small things in life. Now, I spend more time 6 (observe) the world around me. I keep a notebook 7 (write) down my ideas whenever I have them. I hope one day my ideas can 8 (come) true and help more people. I also encourage my classmates 9 (join) the innovation club. It’s a great place to learn and share ideas. Let’s use our 10 (brain) to make the world a better place! Passage 2 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给的词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Forty years ago, Maowusu Sandy Land was 1 terribly dry desert. Strong winds blew sand everywhere, and people’s life there was much 2 (hard) than today. Yin Yuzhen lived in a small sand house and decided to change 3 (it) poor environment. She used all her savings to buy young 4 (tree) and kept planting year after year. In 2000, an American man called Sakolsky came to visit and gave Yin Yuzhen money 5 (help) her fight the sand. He doubted whether the desert could turn green, 6 Yin Yuzhen made a serious promise to him. Over the past 40 years, Yin Yuzhen 7 (turn) large areas of desert into lively forest. She works 8 (quiet) on the land and never gives up. Yin Yuzhen and Sakolsky are the 9 (hero). Thanks to them, great changes have taken place. The desert is no longer lifeless. People believe the world 10 (become) much greener if more people try their best to protect nature. The story tells us 11 small kindness and long-term efforts can finally change the whole world. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Saihanba, which means “a beautiful high mountain” in Mongolian, lies in northern Hebei Province. Sixty years ago, it was nothing but bare sand. Wang Shanghai 1 (move) to this sandy land with his family in 1962. He 2 (lead) a team of 369 young workers to plant trees there. Life was hard. There were few trees 3 (hold) the soil together. In winter, temperatures fell far 4 zero, and strong winds buried their small houses in sand. Some workers lost their lives in the early years, but nobody left the forest. For the next sixty years, the rangers kept 5 planting, tree after tree, year after year. Their dream has finally come true. Today, Saihanba 6 (become) the world’s largest man-made forest. Since 2010, millions of tourists 7 (visit) this “green miracle”, and local people now live a much 8 (good) life than before. Wang has been gone for years, but the trees he planted stand high. “Green hills are gold hills,” his team often says 9 (proud). For the rangers, hard work 10 (bring) about the miracle so far. The sound of the leaves is the answer the green hills give to the world. brought。 Passage 4 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Li Huan moved to the city three months 1 . He used to live in the countryside 2 his grandparents. His grandparents didn’t move 3 him because they prefer the quiet and simple life. Li Huan hasn’t got 4 to the city life yet. He 5 (be) busy with his studies, so he hasn’t got around in the city. Lingling invited him to go 6 (swim) at the new sports center this weekend. Li Huan thought it 7 (sound) great. In the past, people 8 (have) fewer ways to have fun. They watched open-air movies, listened 9 the radio and played chess. Nowadays, people can surf the 10 or go to the cinema. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题05 语法填空6大常考话题 话题1 家乡变化 话题2 社会发展 话题3 环境保护（难点） 话题4 发明与创造（常考点） 话题5 中华文化 话题6 个人经历 ① 通读语境，判断句意与逻辑关系； ② 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别； ③ 无提示词：优先套冠词、介词、连词/关系词、代词的固定搭配。 话题1 家乡变化（共5篇） Passage 1 通读下面短文，然后在空白处填入恰当的词或用空白处后括号内所给单词的正确形式填空（每空不得超过3个单词）。 Nowadays, our life is quite different from that in the past. People 1 (use) to face many difficulties ten years ago. Many 2 (village) were far away from the capital and farmland was seriously short. Dirty dirt covered narrow roads, making travel difficult. 3 the government’s support, new roads are built. People can travel 4 (easy) by modern railways. More villagers sell corn 5 local products online, which makes their business better. Meanwhile, we learn from inspiring thinkers. We know it is necessary 6 (develop) our hometown with courage and hard work. We should be brave when we meet challenges and play 7 active part in improving our living environment. Many changes 8 (take) place over the past ten years. We will keep 9 (learn) from great people and make our socialist home much 10 (good). 【答案】 1．used 2．villages 3．With 4．easily 5．and 6．to develop 7．an 8．have taken 9．learning 10．better 【导语】本文对比今昔生活，讲述家乡十年间发生的巨大变化。在政府帮助下交通、村民生活得到改善。文章告诉我们：要勇敢面对挑战，积极参与家乡建设，持续学习，用努力让家园变得更好。 【详解】1．句意：十年前人们常常面临许多困难。时间状语“ten years ago”对应一般过去时，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”为固定搭配。 2．句意：许多村庄离首府很远，耕地严重不足。many+可数名词复数，village的复数形式为villages。 3．句意：在政府的扶持下，新道路修建起来。 with one’s support“在某人的支持下”，此处需用介词with，置于句首，首字母大写。 4．句意：人们可以乘坐现代化铁路轻松出行。修饰动词“travel”，需用副词；easy的副词形式为easily。 5．句意：更多村民在网上售卖玉米以及当地特产，生意越来越好。 连接“corn”和“local products”，两者为并列关系，and表示并列。 6．句意：我们知道有必要凭借勇气和努力建设家乡。此处为固定句型：It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，动词不定式to develop作主语。 7．句意：遇到挑战时我们应当勇敢，积极改善生活环境。固定短语play an active part in“积极参与……”，active以元音音素开头，用an。 8．句意：在过去十年间发生了许多变化。“over the past ten years”对应现在完成时：have/has+过去分词；主语是复数，助动词用have；take的过去分词为taken。 9．句意：我们将继续向伟人学习，让我们的家园变得更加美好。keep doing sth.“持续/一直做某事”，需用动名词，learn的动名词形式为learning。 10．句意：我们将继续向伟人学习，让我们的社会主义家园变得更加美好。much+形容词比较级；good的比较级为better。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Xujiadai, a small village in Zhejiang Province, has become China’s most famous baseball village by 1 (hold) over 00 baseball and softball (垒球) games. It sets a wonderful example of using sports to push forward rural revitalization (乡村振兴). It turns the quiet village into a lively and hopeful place with just one 2 (create) idea. Ten years ago, most 3 (village) made a living by keeping pigs. The environment was polluted, and the village had no clear way to develop. Everything 4 (change) in 207, when Liu Jianqun became the village Party secretary (党支部书记). He wanted to find a new way to improve the village. Liu found a great chance: Many business people loved baseball, 5 they had no nearby field. At the same time, the village had some empty land. So he came up with a brave plan—to build a baseball field there. The first field opened in 208 and soon held its first big game. To everyone’s surprise, baseball became very popular. As 6 village became well-known, it held more top-level games. A new international baseball stadium (体育场) opened in 2025, making it possible to host great 7 (compete) for both young and adult players. Baseball has 8 (bring) great changes to Xujiadai. As more visitors come to watch baseball games, the income (收入) of the village has risen greatly. The village has built a new industry chain (产业链). It covers sports, tourism, food and farm picking. As a result, it provides over 500 jobs 9 local people every year. Baseball is now part of local daily life. Today, Xujiadai 10 (show) the world that with clear goals and hard work, a small village can achieve great success. 【答案】 1．holding 2．creative 3．villagers 4．changed 5．but 6．the 7．competitions 8．brought 9．for 10．shows 【导语】本文讲述浙江许家埭村凭借举办棒球赛事，以体育助力乡村振兴，从普通小村庄蜕变为知名棒球村的故事。 【详解】1．句意：许家埭，浙江省的一个小村庄，通过举办00多场棒球和垒球比赛，成为中国最有名的棒球村。hold是动词，介词by后面要接动名词形式，hold变为holding。 2．句意：仅凭一个创意想法，它就把这个安静的村庄变成了一个充满活力、充满希望的地方。create是动词，此处修饰名词idea，需要形容词creative，表示“有创意的”。 3．句意：十年前，大多数村民靠养猪谋生。village是名词，此处表示“村民”，用villager；most后接可数名词复数villagers。 4．句意：207年，当刘建群担任村党支部书记时，一切都改变了。change是动词，时间状语in 207是过去时间，句子用一般过去时，change的过去式changed。 5．句意：许多商人热爱棒球，但附近没有场地。“Many business people loved baseball”和“they had no nearby field. ” 前后两个分句是转折关系，用连词but。 6．句意：随着这个村庄变得出名，它举办了更多顶级赛事。此处特指前文提到的许家埭村，用定冠词the。 7．句意：2025 年一座新的国际棒球场馆开放，为青少年和成年选手举办大型比赛成为可能。compete是动词，形容词great后面需要名词，compete的名词competition；此处泛指多场赛事，用复数competitions。 8．句意：棒球给许家埭带来了巨大的变化。bring是动词，本句为现在完成时，has后面接动词过去分词，bring的过去分词brought。 9．句意：因此，它每年为当地人提供500多个工作岗位。固定搭配provide sth. for sb.，表示“为某人提供某物”，填介词for。 10．句意：如今，许家埭向世界展示，只要目标明确、努力奋斗，小村庄也能取得巨大成功。show是动词，主语Xujiadai是单数，Today表示一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数shows。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 My hometown is a village in Chifeng. In my 1 (child), it was small but quiet. Our living 2 (standard) were low. We had neither TVs nor cars, and we usually 3 (hang) out near our houses in our spare time. Most people did labor jobs in the fields with simple tools. So, many people moved to cities to find jobs, hoping to improve their lives. But the situation has changed 4 (complete). With the 5 (develop) of our country, great changes have also taken place here. More and more factories have 6 (be) built. We can make money 7 leaving home. Children go to the new and modern schools. They can get education there 8 free. We can get better medical care in recently built hospitals. We have more kinds of leisure 9 (activity), such as enjoying the comfort 10 the cinemas and playing chess in beautiful parks. With more people owning computers or smartphones, communication with the outside world also improves. Thanks to our country, people in my hometown are living a rich life now. I believe our lives will be better and better in the future. 【答案】 1．childhood 2．standards 3．hung 4．completely 5．development 6．been 7．without 8．for 9．activities 10．of 【导语】本文介绍作者家乡赤峰村庄的变迁，对比过去与现在生活，展现国家发展带来的巨大变化，抒发对家乡、祖国的赞美。 【详解】1．句意：在我童年的时候，它很小但是很安静。固定搭配in one’s childhood，表示“在某人童年时期”，child（孩子）变为名词childhood（童年）。 2．句意：我们的生活水平很低。后面be动词是were，说明主语为复数，standard（标准）复数形式standards；living standards生活水平。 3．句意：我们既没有电视也没有小汽车，空闲时通常在家附近闲逛。整篇讲述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，hang的过去式hung。 4．句意：但是情况已经完全改变了。此处修饰动词changed，要用副词，complete（形容词，完全的）变为副词completely（完全地）。 5．句意：随着我们国家的发展，这里也发生了巨大变化。固定搭配with the development of…表示“随着……的发展”，develop（动词，发展）变为名词development。 6．句意：越来越多的工厂已经被建造。本句是现在完成时的被动语态have been built，be动词要用过去分词been。 7．句意：我们不用离家就可以挣钱。根据上下文，在家乡建厂，不用外出打工，介词without表示“不，没有”，后面接动名词leaving。 8．句意：他们可以在那里免费接受教育。固定短语for free，意为“免费”。 9．句意：我们有更多种类的休闲活动。more kinds of后接可数名词复数，activity（活动）变复数activities。 10．句意：例如享受电影院的舒适，以及在漂亮公园里下棋。固定搭配the comfort of…，表示“……的舒适”，用介词of表所属关系。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born in Heze, a city 1 a long history in Shandong. Today I’m just 14 years old. However, I have seen great changes in Heze. 2 I was young, my grandmother liked to take me out and go around the city. Though I couldn’t speak 3 (good), I knew it wasn’t a busy city. There were many small buildings, not tall buildings. At about four, I 4 (begin) to learn things by watching TV and reading books or magazines. One day, I saw a long and big car called “train” on TV. So I said 5 my grandma, “Grandma, this thing 6 (look) so strange and it’s called ‘train’. Why haven’t I seen it here? You must be too careless to take me to see it, right?” “Oh, no! My child,” said my grandma, “that’s not my fault. In fact, there aren’t any trains here. Our city doesn’t have good transportation.” Ten years later, I’m not 4 years old any more. I 7 (grow) into a teenager. Now, the city has really changed a lot. And she is still growing up quickly. 8 (hundred) of tall buildings stand up on the ground. The whole city 9 (cover) with green plants. The trains are running so fast and the railway system makes travelling much 10 (convenient). I don’t believe it is difficult for her to become better and better in the future. 【答案】 1．with 2．When 3．well 4．began 5．to 6．looks 7．have grown 8．Hundreds 9．is covered 10．more convenient 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的家乡菏泽从过去到现在的巨大变化，展现了城市的发展与进步。 【详解】1．句意：我出生在菏泽，山东一座有着悠久历史的城市。该处需要介词，with a long history是固定搭配，意为“有着悠久历史”，因此填with。 2．句意：当我小的时候，我的奶奶喜欢带我出去在城里转转。该处需要连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，因此填When（句首首字母大写）。 3．句意：虽然我说话说得不好，但我知道它不是一座繁忙的城市。该处需要副词，修饰动词speak要用副词形式，good的副词形式是well，因此填well。 4．句意：大约四岁时，我开始通过看电视、读书或杂志来学习东西。该处需要动词过去式，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began，因此填began。 5．句意：所以我对奶奶说……该处需要介词，固定搭配say to sb. 意为“对某人说”，因此填to。 6．句意：奶奶，这个东西看起来如此奇怪，它叫“火车”。该处需要动词的一般现在时，主语this thing是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，look的第三人称单数是looks，因此填looks。 7．句意：我已经长成了一个青少年。该处需要现在完成时，结合语境“十年后，我不再是四岁的孩子了”，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语是I，grow的过去分词是grown，因此填have grown。 8．句意：数百栋高楼拔地而起。该处需要数词的固定搭配，hundreds of意为“数百的；成百上千的”，句首首字母大写，因此填Hundreds。 9．句意：整个城市被绿色植物覆盖。该处需要被动语态，主语the whole city和cover之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，主语是单数，cover的过去分词是covered，因此填is covered。 10．句意：火车跑得如此之快，铁路系统让旅行变得更方便。该处需要形容词比较级，much后接形容词比较级，convenient的比较级是more convenient，因此填more convenient。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I 1 (not see) my hometown for five years. Last month, I 2 (go) back with my parents. I was surprised 3 (find) that great changes had taken place there. The old narrow streets 4 (become) wide and clean. Many tall buildings 5 (build) in the center of the town. The 6 (improve) of transportation has made people’s life easier. They can take buses or drive their own cars to work. In the past, children had few 7 (choose) for entertainment, but now they have many. They can watch movies in cinemas, play sports in modern gyms, or surf the Internet at home. My grandparents 8 (live) in the countryside all their lives, but now they have moved to a new apartment in the town. They say they 9 (never, be) so happy before. I am really proud of the 10 (develop) of my hometown. 【答案】 1．haven’t seen 2．went 3．to find 4．have become 5．have been built 6．improvement 7．choices 8．have lived 9．have never been 10．development 【导语】本文讲述了作者五年后回到家乡，发现家乡发生了巨大变化，包括街道变宽变干净、高楼建起、交通改善、娱乐选择增多，以及祖父母搬进新公寓，作者为家乡的发展感到自豪。 【详解】1．句意：我已经五年没有见过我的家乡了。根据“for five years”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语是I，所以用haven't seen。 2．句意：上个月，我和父母回去了。根据“Last month”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以用go的过去式went。 3．句意：我惊讶地发现那里发生了巨大的变化。be surprised to do sth.表示“惊讶地做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式to find。 4．句意：原来狭窄的老街已经变得又宽又干净。根据语境可知，街道的变化已经发生并对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时，主语streets是复数，所以用have become。 5．句意：镇中心建起了许多高楼。根据语境可知，高楼已经被建造，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been+过去分词，主语buildings是复数，所以用have been built。 6．句意：交通的改善使人们的生活更加便利。此处作主语，且前面有定冠词The修饰，应用improve的名词形式improvement。 7．句意：过去，孩子们在娱乐方面几乎没有选择，但现在他们有很多选择。few后接可数名词复数，choose的名词形式是choice，复数为choices。 8．句意：我的祖父母一辈子都住在乡下，但现在他们已经搬到了镇上的新公寓。根据“all their lives”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语grandparents是复数，所以用have lived。 9．句意：他们说他们以前从未这么快乐过。根据“before”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，表示从未有过某种经历，主语they是复数，所以用have never been。 10．句意：我真的为家乡的发展感到骄傲。此处作介词of的宾语，且前面有定冠词The修饰，应用develop的名词形式development。 话题2 社会发展（共5篇） Passage 1 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，用所给词的正确形式或填入一个适当的词。 Great changes 1 (take) place in Beijing over the last twenty years. 2 the past, big families were crowded into small houses, and the streets were narrow. People 3 (not have) mobile phones, so they wrote letters to keep in touch with each other. Open-air movies used to be the only form of 4 (entertain). Now everything is different. With the 5 (develop) of technology, life has become much easier. Our country 6 (make) great achievements since its opening-up, and there have been great 7 (improve) in medical treatment. More and more people 8 (move) into new apartments already. The high-speed railway 9 (be) in use since 2008. In any case, we should keep up with 10 changing world. 【答案】 1．have taken 2．In 3．didn’t have 4．entertainment 5．development 6．has made 7．improvements 8．have moved 9．has been 10．the 【导语】本文通过对比北京过去和现在的生活面貌，展现了改革开放以来北京发生的巨大变化，引导学生关注社会发展、紧跟时代步伐。 【详解】1．句意：在过去的二十年里，北京发生了巨大的变化。句中时间状语“over the last twenty years”是现在完成时的标志，表示动作从过去持续到现在并对现在造成影响；主语“Great changes”是复数，现在完成时结构为“have+过去分词”，take的过去分词是taken，故填have taken。 2．句意：在过去，大家庭挤在小房子里，街道也很狭窄。“in the past”是固定介词短语，意为“在过去”，句首单词首字母需大写，故填In。 3．句意：人们没有手机，所以他们写信来互相保持联系。前文描述的是过去的生活状况，用一般过去时；一般过去时的否定句中，实义动词have前需加助动词didn’t，后接动词原形，故填didn’t have。 4．句意：露天电影曾经是唯一的娱乐形式。介词of后需要接名词作宾语，entertain是动词，其名词形式是entertainment，意为“娱乐”，故填entertainment。 5．句意：随着科技的发展，生活变得容易多了。“the+名词+of”是固定结构，意为“……的……”，develop是动词，其名词形式是development，意为“发展”，故填development。 6．句意：我国自改革开放以来取得了巨大的成就，医疗方面也有了很大的进步。句中时间状语“since its opening-up”是现在完成时的标志，表示动作从过去持续到现在；主语“Our country”是单数，现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”，make的过去分词是made，故填has made。 7．句意：我国自改革开放以来取得了巨大的成就，医疗方面也有了很大的进步。there be句型中be动词用了have been，说明后面的主语是复数；improve是动词，其名词形式是improvement，复数形式为improvements。 8．句意：越来越多的人已经搬进了新公寓。句中的“already”是现在完成时的标志，表示动作已经完成并对现在造成影响；主语“More and more people”是复数，现在完成时结构为“have+过去分词”，move的过去分词是moved，故填have moved。 9．句意：高速铁路自2008年以来就投入使用了。句中时间状语“since 2008”是现在完成时的标志，表示状态从过去持续到现在；主语“The high-speed railway”是单数，现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”，be的过去分词是been，故填has been。 10．句意：无论如何，我们应该跟上这个不断变化的世界。此处“changing world”是特指我们所处的这个不断变化的世界，表特指需用定冠词the。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 My hometown 1 (change) a lot over the years. In the past, people 2 (live) in low old houses. Public transport 3 (be) slow. People’s leisure activities were few. Now great changes have taken place. Thanks to the 4 (develop) of society, we have tall buildings and wide roads. Modern transport makes it easy 5 (travel). Better medical care helps people live much 6 (long). People can get in touch with others by using mobile phones. They take part in all kinds of leisure 7 (activity) in their free time. I 8 (live) here since I was born. I am glad 9 (see) these improvements. I hope our hometown 10 (become) better and better. 【答案】 1．has changed 2．lived 3．was 4．development 5．to travel 6．longer 7．activities 8．have lived 9．to see 10．will become 【导语】本文对比家乡过去与现在的面貌，讲述家乡多年来发生的巨大变化，表达作者对家乡越来越好的期盼。 【详解】1．句意：这些年来我的家乡变化很大。根据时间标志词“over the years”可知，时态为现在完成时，change为动词，表示“改变”，主语“My hometown”为单数，谓语用has changed。 2．句意：在过去，人们住在低矮老旧的房子里。根据时间“In the past”，表示过去的时间，句子使用一般过去时。live为动词，表示“居住”，其过去式为lived。 3．句意：公共交通很缓慢。此处缺少be动词，根据上文“In the past”可知讲述过去的情况，主语“Public transport”为不可数名词。be动词需用was。 4．句意：多亏社会的发展，我们拥有高楼和宽阔的马路。根据空格前定冠词“the”，空格后面需要接名词。develop是动词，其名词形式为development，表示“发展”。 5．句意：现代交通让出行变得便利。根据固定结构make it +adj.+to do sth，“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。travel为动词，表示“旅行”，应变为不定式to travel。 6．句意：更好的医疗条件帮助人们活得更长久。根据空格前程度副词“much”，“much”后面修饰形容词或副词的比较级。long为形容词，表示“长”，其比较级为longer，表示“更长久”。 7．句意：空闲时间他们参加各种各样的休闲活动。根据空格前“all kinds of”，后接可数名词复数。activity为名词，表示“活动”，应变为复数activities。 8．句意：自从我出生起，我就住在这里。根据连词“since I was born”，since引导时间状语从句，主句使用现在完成时。主语“I”搭配have，live表示“住”，其过去分词为lived，故填have lived。 9．句意：看到这些改善我很开心。根据固定结构be glad to do sth，see为动词表示“看见”，应变为to see，不定式作原因状语。 10．句意：我希望我们的家乡将会变得越来越好。“hope”后面表达对未来的期许，描述将来会发生的事，句子应用一般将来时，故填will become。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have been away from my hometown for ten years. Last weekend, I returned to my hometown but I lost my way because great changes 1 (take) place since I left. When I got there, I couldn’t believe my eyes! It has changed into a modern village 2 beautiful parks. There are electric cars everywhere in the wide streets. But I can still breathe the fresh air just like before. The government took measures 3 (improve) the people’s living conditions. In order to make people get good 4 (medicine) treatment in time, the government offered much money to start the NRCMSC (新型农村合作医疗制度). 5 they go to the hospital, they pay only a little for it. Besides, the government helped the 6 (village) go into agritainment (农家乐). 7 (thousand) of visitors all over the country come here for their holidays. The farmers are getting richer and richer. And thanks to better transport, the children in the countryside can get a good education now. In general, the government is trying its best to help people. What’s more, today’s communication is rather different from that of 8 past. People now keep in touch with 9 (they) friends and relatives more often by using phones and the internet instead 10 sending letters. I’m very happy to see these great changes in my hometown. 【答案】 1.have taken 2.with 3.to improve 4.medical 5.When 6.villagers 7.Thousands 8.the 9.their 10．of 【导语】本文讲述作者阔别十年回到家乡，目睹家乡巨大变化，介绍政府在乡村建设、医疗、旅游、教育通信等方面的改善，抒发对家乡发展的欣慰之情。 【详解】1．句意：上周末，我回到家乡却迷了路，因为自从我离开后，家乡发生了巨大的变化。since I left是现在完成时标志词，表示动作从过去持续到现在，主语great changes为复数，故填have taken。 2．句意：它已经变成一座带有美丽公园的现代化村庄。此处介词with表示“带有、拥有”，介词短语作后置定语修饰 village。 3．句意：政府采取措施改善人民的生活条件。固定搭配take measures to do sth.表示“采取措施做某事”，不定式作目的状语，故填to improve。 4．句意：为了让人们及时得到良好的医疗救治。空格修饰名词treatment，需要形容词，medicine的形容词形式为medical，medical treatment意为“医疗救治”。 5．句意：当他们去医院的时候，只需要支付很少的费用。此处When引导时间状语从句，表示 “当……时候”，句首首字母大写。 6．句意：此外，政府帮助村民发展农家乐。定冠词the后接名词，结合语境指村民，用复数名词villagers。 7．句意：成千上万来自全国各地的游客来这里度假。固定搭配thousands of表示“成千上万的”，表示模糊数量，句首首字母大写，故填Thousands。 8．句意：而且，如今的通信和过去大不相同。固定短语the past意为“过去”，需要定冠词the限定。 9．句意：现在人们更频繁地用手机和网络与他们的亲友保持联系，而不是写信。空格修饰名词friends and relatives，需要形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。 10．句意：现在人们更频繁地用手机和网络与他们的亲友保持联系，而不是写信。固定搭配instead of意为“代替、而不是”，后接名词/动名词，故填介词of。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is a nation with a rich culture in handwriting (书法). “Even though the computer is 1 (wide) used today, Chinese people should not forget the skill of writing with hands,” said a Chinese government officer. So far, the computer 2 (become) a very useful tool to help people to write. As people use computers more often than before, many people have forgotten how to write Chinese characters (字). People often make a number of mistakes 3 writing. The Chinese character test shows that nowadays, many college students’ handwriting has got even 4 (bad) than before. Many college students do not know how to make words or sentences in Chinese characters in the right way. Not only kids but also many 5 (adult) have met the same problem. They might be able to tell the general form (形式) of a character. 6 , if you ask them to spell out the character correctly, they can’t. On the other hand, they can type out the character on 7 computer without thinking twice. At present, China 8 (try) its best to solve the problem. With the use of certain technologies, teachers can write their teaching contents (内容) and the students can 9 (reply) by writing in the national language teaching course. We can also write letters to our family and friends instead of sending messages. This can help 10 (we) practice handwriting. Besides, there are many ways that we can try. 【答案】 1．widely 2．has become 3．in 4．worse 5．adults 6．However 7．a 8．is trying 9．reply 10．us 【导语】本文主要介绍了尽管电脑被广泛使用，但中国人不应忘记手写技能，指出当下许多人提笔忘字的现象，并提出了学校和政府正在采取的措施来改善这一问题。 【详解】1．句意：尽管如今电脑被广泛使用，但中国人不应忘记手写的技能。空格后为动词used的过去分词形式，需用副词修饰，wide的副词形式为widely，表示“广泛地”。 2．句意：到目前为止，电脑已成为帮助人们写作的非常有用的工具。So far是现在完成时的标志词，主语the computer为第三人称单数，助动词用has，become的过去分词为become。 3．句意：人们在书写时经常犯很多错误。此处表示“在某方面犯错”，应用介词in，构成make mistakes in writing，表示“在书写方面犯错”。 4．句意：汉字测试显示，如今许多大学生的书写水平比之前更差了。空格前有even修饰，后接比较级，bad的比较级为worse。 5．句意：不仅是孩子，许多成年人也遇到了同样的问题。空格前有many修饰，需用可数名词复数，adult的复数形式为adults。 6．句意：然而，如果你让他们正确写出这个字，他们却写不出来。前文说他们能说出字的大致形式，后文说写不出来，前后为转折关系，且空格位于句首，应用副词However。 7．句意：另一方面，他们可以毫不费力地在电脑上打出这个字。此处泛指“一台电脑”，computer为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 8．句意：目前，中国正在尽力解决这个问题。时间状语At present提示用现在进行时，主语China为第三人称单数，故填is trying。 9．句意：借助某些技术，教师可以在国语教学课程中书写教学内容，学生则可以通过书写来回复。情态动词can后要接动词原形reply。 10．句意：这可以帮助我们练习书写。动词help后接宾语，应用人称代词的宾格，we的宾格为us。 Passage 5 Loni lived happily with her grandma in 1 lovely town. Looking out of the window, they saw people walking on wide streets and guide dogs helping blind people cross roads safely. Loni thought 2 (she) hometown was a perfect place to live in. Long ago, this place 3 (be) full of farmland. Villagers mainly grew corn and fed farm animals. 4 people lacked convenient traffic and often faced the shortage of daily goods at that time. They could only travel by boat, horse or on foot, which was really hard. Later, more people came here, which brought 5 huge changes. With strong support from the local government, leaders 6 (lead) villagers 7 (develop) the town. Farmers began to build new houses, supermarkets, highways and railways. Man-made facilities and high-tech 8 (produce) appeared everywhere. Digital life and e-payment also entered people’s daily lives. Great changes 9 (take) place in the town over the years. It has changed 10 (great). People’s housing conditions have improved and life has become much 11 (easy). More tourist 12 (attract) are built here. Everyone is happy 13 the new life and 14 (enjoy) living here. We all believe the town 15 (create) more miracles and become more beautiful in the future. 【答案】 1．a 2．her 3．was 4．But 5．about 6．led 7．to develop 8．products 9．have taken 10．greatly 11．easier 12．attractions 13．with 14．enjoys 15．will create 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述一座小镇过去生活艰苦，在政府帮助下发生巨变，人们生活越来越幸福。 【详解】1．句意：Loni和奶奶幸福地生活在一个可爱的小镇。此处修饰可数名词单数“lovely town”，表示“一个可爱的小镇”，lovely以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 2．句意：Loni认为她的家乡是一个宜居的完美地方。此处修饰名词hometown，需要将主格she变为形容词性物主代词her，表示“她的家乡”。 3．句意：很久以前，这个地方到处都是农田。时间状语“Long ago”（很久以前）表示一般过去时，主语this place是单数，对应的be动词过去式用was。 4．句意：但是人们缺少便利的交通，常常面临日用品短缺。前文提到过去这里遍地农田，村民以种植玉米、饲养家畜为生，后文指出“那时人们交通不便、日常物资匮乏”，前后是转折逻辑：虽然当时是田园的农耕状态，但生活条件十分艰苦。用But衔接语义通顺，同时位于句首首字母需要大写。 5．句意：后来更多人来到这里，这带来了巨大的改变。固定搭配bring about表示“带来、引发（变化等）”，此处指后来更多人来到这里，给小镇带来了巨大的改变。 6．句意：在当地政府的大力支持下，领导们带领村民建设这座城镇。整段叙述小镇后来的发展历程，是发生在过去的动作，需要将动词lead变为过去式led。 7．句意：领导者带领村民去发展这座城镇。固定用法lead sb. to do sth. 表示“带领某人做某事”，因此此处填不定式to develop。 8．句意：人造设施和高科技产品随处可见。 此处表示高科技产品，product是可数名词，根据并列主语Man-made facilities为复数及语境可知，此处produce应变为复数名词products。 9．句意：这些年来，小镇发生了巨大的变化。时间状语“over the years”（多年来）是现在完成时的标志，主语Great changes是复数，因此填现在完成时结构have taken，take place表示“发生”无被动形式。 10．句意：它发生了巨大的变化。此处修饰谓语动词has changed，需要将形容词great变为副词greatly，表示“变化很大”。 11．句意：人们的居住条件改善，生活变得容易得多。空格前的much是程度副词，用来修饰形容词比较级，此处表示生活和之前相比变得容易得多，填easy的比较级easier。 12．句意：更多的旅游景点在这里建成。固定搭配tourist attraction表示“旅游景点”，根据空格后的are可知主语是复数，填attractions。 13．句意：每个人都对新生活感到开心，乐于生活在这里。固定搭配be happy with sth. 表示“对……感到满意/开心”。 14．句意：每个人都对新生活感到开心，乐于生活在这里。此处和前面的is happy并列作谓语，主语Everyone是单数第三人称，句子描述当下的状态，用一般现在时，填enjoys。 15．句意：我们都相信这座城镇将会创造更多奇迹，在未来变得更加美丽。时间状语“in the future”（在未来）表示动作发生在将来，用一般将来时，填will create，此处指小镇未来会创造更多奇迹。 话题3 环境保护（共5篇） Passage 1 How many backpacks (背包) have you owned since you went to school? Backpacks have 1 (become) common and popular among students since 30 years ago. If your backpacks become old, will you just treat them as rubbish and throw them away? Several years ago, a study 2 (show) that 85% of the old backpacks ended up in dustbins. But as we know, most backpacks are 3 (produce) from different materials. If we throw them away, they will be 4 (harm) to our environment. 5 some of the old backpacks are no longer of their right color or size, there are still many things you can do with them. Here are some useful ways for you. For example, do you feel it difficult to find your tools in the house? You can solve this problem by 6 (make) use of your old backpacks to store all 7 (kind) of tools. Also, it is 8 wonderful idea that you can put your old backpacks online for sale. Besides, offering your backpacks to other poor kids is another good choice as those old backpacks may make their life 9 convenient than before. All in all, old backpacks are still of great value as long as we put 10 (they) into use wisely. Remember: rubbish can be turned into treasures! 【答案】 1．become 2．showed 3．produced 4．harmful 5．Although/Though 6．making 7．kinds 8．a 9．more 10．them 【导语】本文就废旧背包的处理展开议论，指出直接丢弃旧背包会污染环境，同时介绍旧背包再利用的几种方式，告诉读者只要明智利用，垃圾也能变成有价值的东西。 【详解】1．句意：自从30年前以来，背包在学生中已经变得普遍和流行。句中since 30 years ago是现在完成时的标志词，表示动作从过去持续到现在，现在完成时结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，become的过去分词形式还是become。 2．句意：几年前，一项研究表明85%的旧背包最终被扔进了垃圾箱。句首Several years ago是一般过去时的标志词，表示动作发生在过去，谓语动词要用过去式，show的过去式为showed。 3．句意：但是正如我们所知，大多数背包是由不同材料制造的。主语most backpacks和动词produce之间是被动关系，背包是“被制造”的，句中有be动词are，构成被动语态“be加动词过去分词”，produce的过去分词为produced。 4．句意：如果我们把它们扔掉，它们将会对我们的环境有害。固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”，句中已有be动词，harm需要加后缀ful变成形容词harmful。 5．句意：虽然一些旧背包颜色和尺寸已经不合适了，但你仍然可以用它们做很多事情。前半句说旧背包颜色尺寸不合适了，是在说缺点不足，后半句说仍然有很多事情可以做，是在说还有用，前后是转折让步关系，即“虽然……但是……”，用although或though引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 6．句意：你可以通过利用旧背包收纳各种各样的工具来解决这个问题。空格前是介词by，表示“通过……方式”，介词后面接动词时必须用动名词形式，make以不发音的e结尾，变ing时去掉e再加ing，即making。 7．句意：你可以通过利用旧背包收纳各种各样的工具来解决这个问题。固定搭配all kinds of表示“各种各样的”，all后面接可数名词时要用复数形式，kind的复数直接加s。 8．句意：而且，你把旧背包放到网上售卖是一个很棒的想法。idea是可数名词单数，前面需要不定冠词来限定，wonderful以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 9．句意：此外，把背包送给贫困孩子是另一个好选择，因为这些旧背包可能让他们的生活比以前更加便利。空格后有than，是比较级的标志词，convenient是多音节形容词，比较级在前面加more。 10．句意：总而言之，只要我们明智地把它们利用起来，旧背包仍然有很大价值。空格前是动词put，动词后面接宾语时人称代词要用宾格，they是主格，对应的宾格是them。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Wang Dejia, a forest ranger (护林员) in Daxing’anling, passed away on duty in 2024 1 the age of 56. But his devotion to the forest will always be remembered by local people. During his 32 years of work, he made great contributions to forest protection and is widely respected by the 2 (village). Born in a small village near the forest, Wang grew up listening to stories of the old rangers. He joined the forest team in 992 and began his lifelong career (事业) as 3 common ranger. At that time, the area had no proper roads 4 enough communication tools. Wang and his workmates patrolled on foot and recorded tree conditions by 5 (they). They used simple notebooks instead of smart devices and checked every corner of the forest to make sure there was no fire risk. After many years of hard work, the forest coverage of the area increased 6 (great). But Wang didn’t stop. Even in his 7 (fifty), he still walked tens of kilometers every day and trained young rangers patiently. In 2023, he was given the title of “Most Beautiful Forest Ranger”—one of the 8 (high) honors for forest workers in the province. From Wang Dejia, we can learn to be responsible, be brave and keep 9 (guard) the things we value. His spirit encourages more young people to devote themselves to 10 (environment) protection. 【答案】 1．at 2．villagers 3．a 4．or 5．themselves 6．greatly 7．fifties 8．highest 9．guarding 10．environmental 【导语】本文讲述了护林员王德佳在大兴安岭工作32年、为森林保护作出巨大贡献的感人事迹，以及他的精神对年轻人的激励作用。 【详解】1．句意：王德佳，大兴安岭的一名护林员，于2024年在值班时去世，享年56岁。at the age of意为“在……岁时”，为固定介词短语，应用介词at。 2．句意：在他32年的工作中，他为森林保护作出了巨大贡献，深受村民们的尊敬。village“村庄”，此处指村民，应用其名词复数形式villagers，表示“村民们”。 3．句意：他于992年加入森林队，开始了他作为一名普通护林员的终身事业。ranger为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一名普通护林员”，common以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 4．句意：那时，这个地区没有像样的道路，也没有足够的通讯工具。空处连接“no proper roads”和“enough communication tools”，用于否定句中表示并列关系，应用连词or，意为“也没有”。 5．句意：王德佳和他的同事们徒步巡逻，自己记录树木状况。by oneself意为“独自，靠自己”，主语为They，应用they的反身代词themselves。 6．句意：经过多年的努力，该地区的森林覆盖率大幅提高。空处修饰动词increased，应用great的副词形式greatly作状语，意为“大大地，非常”。 7．句意：即使在他五十多岁的时候，他仍然每天步行数十公里，并耐心地培训年轻护林员。in one's fifties意为“在某人五十多岁时”，为固定表达，应用fifty的复数形式fifties。 8．句意：2023年，他被授予“最美护林员”称号——这是该省护林员中最高的荣誉之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，high的最高级为highest。 9．句意：从王德佳身上，我们可以学到要有责任心、勇敢，并坚持守护我们珍视的东西。keep doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”，动名词作宾语，guard应用guarding。 10．句意：他的精神鼓励更多年轻人投身于环境保护。空处修饰名词protection，表示“环境的”，应用environment的形容词形式environmental。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Trees are important to us. They 1 (provide) us with wood, fruits and oxygen. They can also stop soil from 2 (wash) away and protect us from terrible storms. 3 , in many parts of the world, trees are being cut down at a high speed. People cut down trees to build houses, make paper and open farms. Every year, over 10 million acres of forests 4 (lose). The loss of forests causes many problems. The weather gets 5 (hot) and drier. Many animals lose their homes. Some are even 6 danger of dying out. Luckily, people around the world have realized the 7 (important) of trees. They are taking action to plant more trees. China has made great achievements. The country has planted 8 (many) trees than any other country in the world. The Great Green Wall project has stopped deserts from 9 (spread) north. Everyone can do something to protect trees. We can use 10 (little) paper and recycle more. Small actions make a big difference. 【答案】 1．provide 2．being washed 3．However 4．are lost 5．hotter 6．in 7．importance 8．more 9．spreading 10．less 【导语】本文主要介绍树木的重要价值、当前森林遭破坏的现状与危害，提及各国尤其是中国的护林造林行动，呼吁公众以小事护林。 【详解】1．句意：它们为我们提供木材、水果和氧气。此处作谓语，语境为一般现在时，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形provide。 2．句意：它们还能阻止土壤被冲走，保护我们免受恶劣风暴侵害。固定搭配stop sth from doing sth表示“阻止某物做某事”，且soil和wash away是被动关系，此处需用动名词的被动形式being washed。 3．句意：然而，在世界上许多地方，树木正被以很快的速度砍伐。此处作状语，前文讲树木的重要性，后文讲树木遭砍伐的转折逻辑，且空后有逗号隔开，填转折副词However“然而”。 4．句意：每年有超过1000万英亩的森林消失。此处作谓语，主语forests和lose是被动关系，主语是复数，时间状语Every year提示是一般现在时，因此是一般现在时被动语态are lost。 5．句意：天气变得更热更干燥。此处作表语，and连接并列的比较级结构，hot的比较级是hotter。 6．句意：有些甚至处于灭绝的危险之中。固定搭配in danger of表示“处于……的危险中”。 7．句意：幸运的是，世界各地的人们已经意识到树木的重要性。此处是名词作宾语，important的名词形式是importance。 8．句意：这个国家种植的树木比世界上任何其他国家都多。空后有than提示是比较级，many的比较级是more。 9．句意：“绿色长城”工程阻止了沙漠向北扩张。固定搭配stop sth from doing sth表示“阻止某物做某事”，此处是动名词spreading。 10．句意：我们可以少用纸张，多回收利用。and连接并列的比较级结构，little的比较级是less。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bees are necessary for our planet. They pollinate about 75% of food crops in the world. 1 them, we would not have most of the fruits, vegetables and nuts we eat. 2 , bees are disappearing around the world. The main reason is the use of pesticides. Pesticides can kill bees 3 (direct) or harm their ability to find food. Another reason is the loss of flowers. Bees need flowers 4 food. Climate change is also making things 5 (bad). Higher temperatures change the timing of flower blooming. This means bees can’t find enough food. 6 can we do to help bees? Here are some ideas. First, plant more flowers and native plants. Bees love native flowers 7 (much) than non-native ones. Second, don’t use pesticides if possible. Use natural ways 8 (protect) your garden instead. Third, buy local honey. It supports local beekeepers. Bees are small 9 they play a big role in our ecosystem. Let’s take action now to save 10 (this) amazing little animals. 【答案】 1．Without 2．However 3．directly 4．for 5．worse 6．What 7．more 8．to protect 9．but 10．these 【导语】本文是说明文，讲述蜜蜂对地球十分重要，如今蜜蜂正在消亡，分析了消亡的各类原因，并且给出帮助保护蜜蜂的几条可行办法。 【详解】1．句意：没有它们，我们就不会拥有绝大多数我们食用的水果、蔬菜和坚果。without表示“没有”，句首字母大写，构成介词短语作条件状语。 2．句意：然而，世界各地的蜜蜂正在消失。前后文语义转折，however意为 “然而”，句首字母大写。 3．句意：杀虫剂可以直接杀死蜜蜂，或者损害它们寻找食物的能力。修饰动词kill要用副词，direct的副词形式directly，在句中作状语。 4．句意：蜜蜂需要花朵作为食物。固定搭配need sth. for sth.意为“需要某物作为……”，for表示“作为”。 5．句意：气候变化也让情况变得更糟。暗含和之前状况对比，bad的比较级worse，作宾语补足语，make things worse表示“使情况变得更糟”。 6．句意：我们可以做些什么来帮助蜜蜂？what在句中作do的宾语，意为“什么”，句首字母大写。 7．句意：比起外来花卉，蜜蜂更喜欢本土花卉。后面有than表示比较，much的比较级为more。 8．句意：使用自然的方法来保护你的花园。固定搭配ways to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，不定式作后置定语。 9．句意：蜜蜂体型很小，但是它们在生态系统中发挥重大作用。前后分句语义转折，but表示“但是”。 10．句意：让我们现在行动起来拯救这些神奇的小动物。后面animals是复数，this要变为复数these。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Forests are the lungs of the earth. They are very important for 1 (human) and animals. Trees can clean the air and stop soil from 2 (wash) away. They also provide homes for wildlife. 3 , forests are disappearing at a surprising speed. People cut down trees for wood, farmland, and cities. Every year, about 18 million acres of forests 4 (lose). The loss of forests causes many problems. The weather gets hotter and drier. Some animals are in danger of 5 (die) out. There are more natural disasters. Luckily, people around the world are realizing 6 important forests are. They are taking action to protect forests. China has done a good job. The country has 7 (many) planted forests than any other country in the world. The Great Green Wall has helped stop deserts from 8 (spread). Everyone can help protect forests, too. We can use 9 (little) paper and recycle more. We can also plant more trees. Forests are our treasure. Protecting forests is protecting 10 (we). 【答案】 1．humans 2．being washed 3．However 4．are lost 5．dying 6．how 7．more 8．spreading 9．less 10．ourselves 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了森林的作用、现状以及保护措施，呼吁人们保护森林，保护地球家园。 【详解】1．句意：它们对人类和动物都非常重要。此处表示泛指全人类，human是可数名词，需要使用复数形式humans。故填humans。 2．句意：树木可以净化空气，防止土壤被冲走。固定搭配stop sth. from doing sth.意为“阻止某物做某事”，此处soil和wash away是被动关系，需要用动名词的被动形式being washed。故填being washed。 3．句意：然而，森林正以惊人的速度消失。前文讲述森林的重要作用，后文转折说明森林面临消失的困境，此处需要表示转折的衔接副词however，位于句首首字母大写。故填However。 4．句意：每年大约有1800万英亩的森林流失。主语forests和lose是被动关系，且主语为复数、陈述客观事实要用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为are done。故填are lost。 5．句意：一些动物面临灭绝的危险。介词of后面需要接动名词作宾语，die的动名词形式是dying。故填dying。 6．句意：幸运的是，世界各地的人们都意识到森林有多重要。此处是宾语从句，表达“多么重要”的含义，用引导词how修饰形容词important。故填how。 7．句意：该国拥有的森林比世界上其他任何国家都多。句中出现比较级的标志词than，需要用形容词many的比较级形式more。故填more。 8．句意：“绿色长城”工程有效阻止了沙漠扩张。固定搭配stop sth. from doing sth.意为“阻止某物做某事”，介词from后面接动名词作宾语，spread的动名词形式是spreading。故填spreading。 9．句意：我们可以少用纸张，多做回收利用。此处和后文的more对应，暗含和过去相比更少使用纸张的含义，需要用little的比较级形式less。故填less。 10．句意：保护森林就是保护我们自己。此处表达“保护我们自身”的含义，需要使用反身代词，we的反身代词形式是ourselves。故填ourselves。 话题4 发明与创造（共5篇） Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 China has a long and proud history of bridge building. Over 1,400 years ago, the brilliant Anji Bridge was 1 (build). Made of stone, it still stands strong today, which shows that ancient Chinese engineers were wise. This spirit of innovation (创新) 2 (continue) in modern times. An amazing example is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world’s 3 (long) sea-crossing bridge. This project connects Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macau, 4 (great) reducing travel time. Building it was 5 huge challenge. Engineers made a special undersea tunnel to allow ships to pass through 6 created artificial (人造的) islands to support the bridge. This project shows China’s top-level skills in engineering and technology. 7 ancient stone arches (拱桥) to this modern sea giant, Chinese bridges show great creation. They are not just structures for 8 (cross) rivers or seas. They are 9 (symbol) of connection and human achievements, lighting up the path to a much 10 (bright) future. 【答案】 1． built 2． continues 3． longest 4． greatly 5． a 6． and 7． From 8． crossing 9． symbols 10.brighter 【导语】这篇短文通过介绍古代的安济桥和现代港珠澳大桥，讲述中国悠久的建桥历史与创新精神，说明桥梁不仅是交通建筑，更是互联互通与人类成就的象征。 【详解】1．句意：一千四百多年前，宏伟的安济桥被建造。 主语Anji Bridge和build是被动关系，was + 过去分词构成一般过去时被动语态，build的过去分词是built。 2．句意：这种创新精神在现代延续着。 句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语spirit是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式continues。 3．句意：一个惊人的例子就是港珠澳大桥，世界上最长的跨海大桥。 the world’s + 形容词最高级，表示“世界上最……”，long的最高级为longest。 4．句意：这项工程连接香港、珠海和澳门，极大地缩短了通行时间。修饰后面的现在分词reducing，要用副词；great的副词形式greatly，意为“极大地”。 5．句意：建造它是一项巨大的挑战。 challenge是可数名词单数，huge以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 6．句意：工程师建造特殊海底隧道供船只通行，并且建造人工岛来支撑大桥。 前后两个动作 made...和created...是并列关系，用并列连词and。 7．句意：从古老的石拱桥到这座现代海上巨桥，中国桥梁展现出伟大的创造力。 固定搭配 from…to…意为“从……到……”，句首首字母大写，填From。 8．句意：它们不仅仅是用来跨越江河海洋的建筑。 介词for后面接动词的动名词形式，cross的动名词形式为crossing。 9．句意：它们是互联互通与人类成就的象征。 根据空前be动词are可知此处用复数形式，symbol的复数形式为symbols。 10．句意：照亮通往更加光明未来的道路。 much用来修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”，bright的比较级为brighter。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It tastes like a tomato, smells like a tomato and even looks like a tomato. There’s just one question: It’s purple. This new purple tomato could soon 1 (sell) in the US. A team of scientists, including Dr. Cathie Martin, developed the special kind of tomato by making changes to its DNA．Though the color is unusual, they have much 2 (great) antioxidants than normal tomatoes. Dr. Martin wanted to see 3 she could develop tomatoes with lots of antioxidants by changing the DNA of a tomato plant. She found out that purple tomatoes 4 (stay) fresh almost twice as long as normal tomatoes. Then she tested the tomatoes 5 mice that would probably get cancer. The ones who ate the purple tomatoes lived about 30% longer than those who ate normal tomatoes. That’s 6 good piece of news. However, the results of animal studies don’t always work in 7 (human). So the teammates had to reach agreements with the US government to grow and sell the purple tomatoes 8 (wide) in the US. Finally, they 9 (succeed) on September 7, 2022. So far, they 10 (plan) to introduce the tomatoes across the US. They also hope to sell the seeds to people who want to grow their own. 【答案】 1．be sold 2．greater 3．if/whether 4．stayed 5．on 6．a 7．humans 8．widely 9．succeeded 10．have planned 【导语】本文介绍科学家团队培育出紫色番茄，这种番茄抗氧化物质含量更高、保鲜时间更长，动物实验效果良好，团队经过努力获得美国政府许可，计划在美国推广该番茄。 【详解】1．句意：这种新型紫色番茄可能很快会在美国售卖。主语“tomato”和sell之间是被动关系，表示“被售卖”；情态动词“could”后接动词原形，因此用be sold。 2．句意：虽然颜色特别，但它们拥有比普通番茄更多的抗氧化物质。句中有“than”表示比较，“much”可以修饰比较级，great的比较级是greater。 3．句意：Martin博士想要看看她是否可以通过改变番茄植株的DNA培育出富含大量抗氧化物质的番茄。“see”后面接宾语从句，此处表达“是否”，用if或者whether引导宾语从句。 4．句意：她发现紫色番茄保鲜时长几乎是普通番茄的两倍。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句时态保持一致，stay使用过去式stayed，表示“保持”。 5．句意：之后她在很可能患上癌症的老鼠身上测试这种番茄。test sth on...是固定搭配，表示“在……身上测试某物”。 6．句意：这是一条好消息。a piece of news为固定搭配，表示“一条消息”，“good”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 7．句意：但是，动物实验的结果不一定在人类身上同样有效。此处表示泛指人类，human使用复数humans。 8．句意：因此团队成员必须和美国政府达成协议，在美国广泛种植、销售这种紫色番茄。此处修饰动词“grow and sell”，需要副词，wide的副词形式为widely，意为“广泛地”。 9．句意：最终，他们在2022年9月7日取得了成功。时间“on September 7, 2022”是过去时间，句子用一般过去时，succeed过去式为succeeded，表示“成功”。 10．句意：到目前为止，他们已经计划在美国各地推广这种番茄。“so far”是现在完成时标志词，主语为“they”，助动词用have，plan的过去分词planned，表示“计划”。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 The high-speed trains, mobile payments, shared bikes and e-commerce (电子商务) are often called China’s four new great inventions. They have changed the way people live in China and even the world. In the past, traveling over 1 long distance by train took a lot of time. But now, high-speed trains can go hundreds 2 kilometers in just a few hours. For example, you can have 3 (breakfast) in Beijing and dinner in Shanghai. Before, people had to carry cash or cards to pay for things. But now, 4 mobile payments, you can pay for things conveniently and safely. Many people around the world are starting to use mobile payments too 5 it’s so easy. You can find shared bikes everywhere in the city. When you need 6 (go) somewhere nearby, you can just scan a code (扫码) on your phone and ride a bike. It’s a great way to exercise and it’s also 7 (good) for the environment. E-commerce means shopping on the internet. You can buy whatever you want on your computer or phone instead of 8 (go) to a store. And then, it 9 (deliver) to your door. This is very 10 (help) for people who are busy or don’t like going out.   In short, these four new great inventions have made life much better for people. They save time, make things easier and help us do more with less effort. 【答案】 1．a 2．of 3．breakfast 4．with/through 5．because 6．to go 7．good 8．going 9．will be delivered 10．helpful 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国新四大发明（高铁、移动支付、共享单车、电商）如何改善人们的生活。 【详解】1．句意：过去，乘坐火车长途旅行要花费很多时间。本句为动名词作主语用法，traveling over a long distance作句子主语，表示“长途旅行”；a long distance为固定搭配，特指“长途距离”。 2．句意：但是现在，高铁在短短几个小时内就能行驶数百公里。hundreds of是固定数量短语，表示“成百上千的、数百的”，后接可数名词复数。 3．句意：例如，你可以在北京吃早餐，在上海吃晚餐。have breakfast为固定三餐搭配，表示“吃早餐”。 4．句意：但是现在，借助移动支付，你可以方便又安全地付款。句中介词with此处不表示“和”，而是表示方式、手段，意为 “借助、通过某种工具/方式”，用来引出做事的途径，through也表示“通过”，符合题意。 5．句意：世界各地很多人也开始使用移动支付，因为它十分便捷。句子后半句用来解释前半句现象的原因，由because引导原因状语从句，用来阐明事件的缘由。 6．句意：当你需要去附近的某个地方时，你只需在手机上扫码，然后骑单车。固定结构need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，主语是人时，后接带to的不定式。 7．句意：这是一种很好的锻炼方式，而且对环境也有益。固定短语be good for后接名词，表示“对……有好处、对……有益”。 8．句意：你可以在电脑或者手机上买到任何你想要的东西，而不用去实体店。instead of是介词短语，介词后必须接动名词形式，所以动词go要变为going。 9．句意：然后，商品将会被送到你的家门口。主语商品和动词“递送”之间是被动关系，且讲述将来会发生的动作，因此使用一般将来时的被动语态will be delivered。 10．句意：这对于忙碌或者不喜欢出门的人来说非常有帮助。系动词be后面需要接形容词作表语，help为动词/名词，需变为形容词helpful，表示“有帮助的”。 Passage 4 根据上下文语意在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的正确形式填空。 Do you know anything about the invention of the bar code (条形码)? A small food store owner found that 1 was difficult to keep records of the product information. In 194, he asked the Drexel Institute of Technology 2 (solve) this problem. Bernard Silver, a graduate student, was 3 (interest) in it. He and his friend started to work on it. Soon, they invented their first working system (系统). The system did work at first, 4 it was very expensive and sometimes the system didn’t work 5 (good). If the invention was to become popular in 6 (store), the problem had to be solved. Finally, they solved them. The patent (专利权) for the bar code system 7 (ask) for by Silver in 1949, but the patent was not given 8 1952. Although this patent was given, the system was still not popular among store owners. In 1970, a company developed the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (食品工业统一码). In 1974, Marsh Supermarket in Troy was 9 first store to set up this bar code system. It 10 (become) very popular ever since, and now it’s used in all stores all over the world. 【答案】 1． it 2． to solve 3． interested 4． but 5． well 6． stores 7． was asked 8． until 9． the 10.has become 【导语】本文讲述了条形码发明的过程及其逐步普及的历史。 【详解】1．句意：一家小型食品店老板发现，记录产品信息很困难。此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to keep records of the product information，所以填it。 2．句意：194年，他请求德雷塞尔理工学院解决这个问题。“ask sb. to do sth.”表示“请求某人做某事”，所以这里用solve的不定式形式to solve。 3．句意：研究生Bernard Silver对此很感兴趣。“be interested in”表示“对……感兴趣”，所以这里用interest的形容词形式interested。 4．句意：这个系统起初确实有效，但它非常昂贵，而且有时系统运行得不太好。前后两句之间是转折关系，所以用连词but。 5．句意：这个系统起初确实有效，但它非常昂贵，而且有时系统运行得不太好。此处修饰动词work，应用副词well。 6．句意：如果这项发明要在商店中流行起来，这个问题就必须解决。此处泛指商店，且store为可数名词，应用复数形式stores。 7．句意：条形码系统的专利权是Silver在1949年申请的，但直到1952年才被授予。根据句意，专利是被申请的，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语The patent为单数，所以填was asked。 8．句意：条形码系统的专利权是Silver在1949年申请的，但直到1952年才被授予。“not...until...”表示“直到……才……”，所以填until。 9．句意：1974年，位于Troy的Marsh Supermarket是第一家建立这种条形码系统的商店。此处表示“第一家”，应用定冠词the修饰序数词first，所以填the。 10．句意：从那以后，它变得非常流行，现在全世界所有商店都在使用它。根据“ever since”可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语It为第三人称单数，所以填has become。 Passage 5 Nobody likes a bully (恶霸). But bullying is a big problem around the world. According to the 1 (Canada) National Bullying Prevention Center (国家防欺凌中心), one out of every five students in Canada has been bullied. Nathan Fellars is a 2 (nine) grader at Centennial Middle School in Toronto. When he saw classmates being bullied, he 3 (know) he had to do something. “People often solve the problem after the bullying has happened. I wanted to see 4 there was a way to reduce bullying before it happened at all” Fellars told the Society for Science. After 5 (study) more about the causes of bullying, he had 6 idea to make the app Bully Block. On the app, students can share 7 (they) lives, whether good or bad. Others can then post responses (回复). But before the responses are posted, an AI program reads all of them. Only positive words can 8 (show). Fellars believes the project is so great that it will naturally stop bullying both online and in schools. “I would love to see my project be used 9 teachers and students,” said Fellars. “I love knowing that my 10 (invent) can help somebody else in the world.” 【答案】 1． Canadian 2． ninth 3． knew 4． if/whether 5． studying 6． an 7． their 8．be shown 9．by 10．invention 【导语】本文讲述多伦多一名九年级学生Nathan Fellars看到校园欺凌现象，研究欺凌成因后开发一款叫Bully Block的应用程序，利用AI只允许积极评论发布，希望帮助师生减少校园和网络欺凌。 【详解】1．句意：根据加拿大国家防欺凌中心，加拿大五分之一的学生遭受过欺凌。根据后面的机构名称“National Bullying Prevention Center”，可知该空需要形容词修饰名词机构名称，Canada是名词“加拿大”，形容词为Canadian，表示“加拿大的”，符合题意。 2．句意：Nathan Fellars是多伦多百年中学的一名九年级学生。固定表达“grade+基数词=序数词+grader”，nine为基数词，序数词为ninth，“ninth grader”表示“九年级学生”。 3．句意：当他看到同学被欺凌时，他知道自己必须做点什么。根据前面的saw（see）的过去式，可知该句的时态为一般过去时，know的过去式为knew。 4．句意：我想看看是否有一种方法能在欺凌发生之前就减少它。根据句子结构，动词see后接宾语从句，表达“是否”含义，用if或者whether引导宾语从句。 5．句意：在更多研究欺凌的成因之后，他有了开发Bully Block这款应用软件的想法。介词after后面要接动名词形式，study的动名词为studying。 6．句意：在更多研究欺凌的成因之后，他有了开发Bully Block这款应用软件的想法。固定搭配have an idea“有一个想法”，idea是以元音音素开头的可数名词单数，因此填an。 7．句意：在这个应用软件上，学生们可以分享他们的生活，无论好坏。根据后面的名词lives，可知该空需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they为代词主格，形容词性物主代词为their“他们的”。 8．句意：只有积极的话语才能够被展示出来。根据句子结构可知，主语“positive words”和动词“show”之间是被动关系，can为情态动词，情态动词的被动语态结构为：can+be+过去分词，show的过去分词为shown。因此填be shown。 9．句意：我很乐意看到我的项目被老师和学生使用。“be used by”表示“被……使用”，by引出动作的执行者。因此填by。 10．句意：得知我的发明能够帮助世界上的其他人，我很开心。形容词性物主代词my后面接名词，invent动词“发明”，名词为invention“发明（物）”，该处指的是“我的发明”，用名词单数invention。 话题5 中华文化（共4篇） Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Accidental invention Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented 1 accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is 2 (say) that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was 3 (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some 4 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell 5 he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the sage of tea”, mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also 6 (discuss) where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th 7 (century). In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660, but in less than 0 years, it had become the 8 (nation) drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the 9 (popular) of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones 10 best understand the nature of tea. 【答案】 1．by 2．said 3．boiling 4．leaves 5．so 6．discusses 7．centuries 8．national 9．popularity 10．who 【导语】本文主要讲述了茶的偶然发明过程以及茶文化在世界各地的传播与发展。 【详解】1．句意：你知道世界上最受欢迎的饮料（仅次于水）——茶，是偶然被发明的吗？固定搭配：by accident，表示“偶然地，意外地”。介词“by”常用来表示 “凭借某种方式、偶然”。 2．句意：据说一位名叫神农的中国统治者是第一个发现茶可以作为饮品的人。固定句型：It is said that...，表示“据说……”，“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，此处是被动语态，“say”变为过去分词“said”。 3．句意：一天，神农正在篝火上煮饮用水。根据“One day”和语境，此处表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，空前已有“was”，故填“boiling”。 4．句意：一些茶树的叶子掉进了水里，并在那里停留了一段时间。“leaf”是可数名词，前面有“some”修饰，应用其复数形式，故填“leaves”。 5．句意：它产生了一股好闻的气味，所以他尝了尝这棕色的水。前后两个分句之间是因果关系，前因后果，应用并列连词“so”连接，表示“所以”。 6．句意：它还讨论了最好的茶叶产自哪里以及使用什么样的水。此处描述的是书本客观存在的内容，应用一般现在时。主语“It”是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填“discusses”。 7．句意：人们认为茶是在6世纪和7世纪传入韩国和日本的。“century”是可数名词，根据前面的“the 6th and 7th”可知，此处指两个世纪，应用其复数形式，以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变复数需把y变i再加-es，故填“centuries”。 8．句意：在英国，茶直到1660年左右才出现，但在不到0年的时间里，它就成了国民饮料。空格处修饰名词“drink”，应用形容词形式作定语，“nation”的形容词是“national”，表示“国家的，国民的”，故填“national”。 9．句意：这有助于将茶的普及和茶树传播到世界各地更多的地方。空格处位于定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间，应用名词形式，“popular”的名词是“popularity”，表示“普及，流行”，故填“popularity”。 10．句意：尽管现在许多人都了解茶文化，但毫无疑问，中国人是最了解茶的本质的人。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是“the ones”，指代人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填“who”。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Recently, the film Dear You has become a huge hit across China. It tells a 1 (touch) story of Qiaopi. But what exactly is Qiaopi, and why did it mean so much to overseas Chinese and 2 (they) families? In the past century, many southern Chinese made their way to Southeast Asia, hoping for work and a 3 (good) life than they had in their hometowns. Before phones were 4 (invent), they stayed connected to their loved ones through Qiaopi. It is also called Yin Xin or “silver letters”, because money was often sent with the letters. These letters were usually short. They began with greetings, and then 5 (quick) moved on to daily life. Yet within just a few 6 (line), they carried deep love. The letters traveled thousands of kilometres 7 ship and passed through many hands before arriving at a village. Historically, Qiaopi also played 8 important role in supporting China during hard times. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-1945), overseas Chinese donated much money 9 some even returned to China to fight. Today, Qiaopi 10 (serve) as a bridge of memory, still connecting overseas Chinese to their homeland. 【答案】 1．touching 2．their 3．better 4．invented 5．quickly 6．lines 7．by 8．an 9．and 10．serves 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了侨批。侨批是海外华侨寄回国内的银信，承载着海外华人对家乡亲人的思念，在抗战时期也发挥了重要作用，如今它依旧作为记忆的桥梁，维系着海外华人与祖国。 【详解】1．句意：它讲述了一个感人的侨批故事。修饰名词story要用形容词，touch的形容词形式touching，意为“令人感动的”。 2．句意：但是侨批究竟是什么，为什么它对海外华人以及他们的家庭意义重大？修饰名词families要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，表示“他们的”。 3．句意：在上个世纪，许多华南人前往东南亚，希望找到工作，过上比在家乡更好的生活。句中有than表示比较，good的比较级为better。 4．句意：在电话被发明之前，他们通过侨批与亲人保持联系。主语phones和invent之间是被动关系，本句为一般过去时的被动语态，结构was/were + 过去分词，invent的过去分词是invented。 5．句意：信件以问候开头，然后很快转到日常生活。修饰动词moved要用副词，quick的副词形式quickly。 6．句意：然而短短几行字里面，承载着深厚的爱意。a few后面接可数名词复数，line的复数形式lines。 7．句意：这些信件乘船跋涉数千公里，经过很多人的手，最后抵达村庄。固定搭配by ship，表示“乘船”。 8．句意：从历史上看，侨批在艰难岁月里对支援中国发挥着重要作用。固定短语play an important role in“在……中起重要作用”，important元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 9．句意：抗日战争期间，海外华侨捐献大量钱财，并且有些人甚至回国参战。前后两个分句是并列顺承关系，用并列连词and。 10．句意：如今，侨批充当记忆的桥梁，仍然连接着海外华人与祖国。Today是一般现在时标志，主语Qiaopi为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数serves。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料, 按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求, 在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 There are many interesting and useful Chinese idioms. For example, we 1 (use) “wanku zidi”(纨绔子弟) to describe playboys from rich families for centuries. But do you know what “wanku” means? 2 Chinese, we often use clothing‑related words to refer to certain people. For example, jingguo, a kind of 3 (woman) headdress, is used to refer to women. We use paoze to refer to a soldier’s robe. Like these phrases, wanku is also related to clothes. Wan is 4 kind of fine cloth. It 5 (make) of silk and is closely woven (编织). Ku, just like today’s ku, means trousers or pants. Wanku was a type of expensive pants in the past, 6 silk was very rare (少见的) at that time. Only rich people could afford 7 . 8 (gradual), people started to use wanku to refer to playboys from wealthy families. This type of clothing showed 9 luxurious (奢侈的) and wasteful their lives were. The richer they were, the 10 (good) clothes they wore. Unlike rich people, common people could 11 (simple) wear plain cotton clothes. That’s why they were called buyi. 【答案】 1．have used 2．In 3．women’s 4．a 5．is made 6．because 7．them 8．Gradually 9．how 10．better 11．simply 【导语】本文介绍了中国成语“纨绔子弟”的来源，解释了“纨”和“绔”各自的意思，并与其他服饰相关词汇对比，说明了古代服饰与社会阶层的关系。 【详解】1．句意：例如，我们用“纨绔子弟”来形容富裕家庭的花花公子已有数百年之久。时间状语“for centuries”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时。主语“we”为第一人称复数，谓语结构需用“have + 过去分词”。“use”的过去分词为“used”。 2．句意：在中文中，我们常用与服饰相关的词来指代某些人。表示“在中文中”，需用介词“In”，句首首字母大写。 3．句意：例如，巾帼——一种女性的头饰——被用来指代女性。泛指女性用复数women，修饰名词“headdress”，需用名词所有格“women’s”。 4．句意：纨是一种精细的布料。a kind of表示“一种”，故填a。 5．句意：它由丝绸制成，编织紧密。主语“It”与谓语动词“make”之间为被动关系，且句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is + 过去分词”，make的过去分词为made。 6．句意：“纨绔”在过去是一种昂贵的裤子，因为当时丝绸非常稀有。后文解释“纨绔是过去昂贵的裤子”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。 7．句意：只有富人才能买得起。指代前文的expensive pants，作afford的宾语，填代词them。 8．句意：渐渐地，人们开始用“纨绔”来指代富裕家庭的花花公子。该空位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。“gradual”的副词形式为“Gradually”。句首单词首字母需大写。 9．句意：这种服饰显示他们的生活是多么奢侈和浪费。此处引导宾语从句，表示感叹含义。固定结构“how+形容词”引导宾语从句，表达“他们的生活有多么奢侈”，应填how。 10．句意：越有钱，穿的衣服就越好。“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构表示“越……，就越……”。“good”的比较级为“better”。 11．句意：与富人不同，普通人只能穿朴素的棉布衣服。修饰动词“wear”，需用副词形式作状语。“simple”的副词形式为“simply”，意为“仅仅，简单地”。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 A Chinese name is more than just a label. It is 1 gift from their parents, carrying their love, hopes and the best wishes for their child’s future. It 2 (connect) a person to their family and culture. In ancient China, some names were very popular. For example, when Confucianism 3 (spread) in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), people chose names to show kindness and trust. Characters such as “ren”and “de” were 4 (use) quite often. The Tang Dynasty official Di Renjie was known for being fair. In his name, Ren 5 (complete) showed the kindness. Also, many rules were followed by people 6 naming their children. Usually, names showed a person’s generation. Brothers and cousins might share the same character in their given names. They always avoided using characters from ruler’s or senior family member’s given names out of respect. Today, parents still like to pick names from traditional culture. It is reported that names 7 Zihan and Zixuan are still common at present, which shows that tradition is still respected. At the same time, parents are 8 (creative). They might choose characters that sound modern, have a nice rhythm, 9 combine (合并) the parents’ own names. Whether in the past or now, parents put a lot of thought into choosing a name, wishing their children 10 (be) kind, healthy, happy and successful. 【答案】 1．a 2．connects 3．spread 4．used 5．completely 6．when 7．like 8．creative 9．and 10．to be 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐释了中文姓名不只是代号，承载着父母的爱意与期许，介绍了古代取名受儒学影响、传统取名规矩，以及如今家长取名兼顾传统文化与个人创意的现状。 【详解】1．句意：它是一份来自父母的礼物，承载着爱意、期盼以及对孩子未来的美好祝愿。名词“gift”是可数名词单数，辅音音素开头，此处表泛指一份礼物，需要填入不定冠词a。 2．句意：姓名将一个人与自己的家族、文化紧密联系在一起。全文主体时态为一般现在时，主语It属于第三人称单数，谓语动词connect要使用第三人称单数形式connects。 3．句意：例如，儒学在唐朝（618-907年）传播开来的时候，人们会选取名字来彰显仁德与信义。主语Confucianism（儒学）常用主动表示传播，时态为一般过去时，spread过去式是spread。 4．句意：像“仁”“德”这类汉字被人们频繁使用。主语Characters和动词use之间是被动关系，代表“文字被使用”；时态为一般过去时，一般过去时被动语态结构为were/was+过去分词，主语为复数，be动词选用were，use变形为过去分词used。 5．句意：在他的名字里，“仁”字充分体现出仁德的品性。空格用来修饰动词showed，修饰动词需要使用副词作状语，形容词complete对应的副词形式是completely。 6．句意：除此之外，人们在给自己孩子取名时会遵循许多规矩。空格后为现在分词naming，此处是when引导时间状语从句的省略结构，表达“在给孩子取名时”，所以填入连词when。 7．句意：据报道，像子涵、子轩这类名字在当下依旧十分常见，这体现出传统文化仍旧被人们尊崇。此处用于举例罗列名字，介词like有“诸如、像”的含义，契合句子语境逻辑。 8．句意：与此同时，父母富有创造力。本句为主系表结构，be动词are后面需要填写形容词充当表语，形容词“creative”含义为“有创造力的”。 9．句意：他们会挑选新潮读音、音律优美的汉字，并且还会合并父母二人的名字。根据“They might choose characters that sound modern, have a nice rhythm, … combine (合并) the parents’ own names.”可知sound/have/combine为定语从句中的并列谓语，是并列递进的三种取名方式，并非二选一的选择关系，并列顺承要用连词and。 10．句意：无论过去还是现在，父母在取名这件事上都费尽心思，期盼自己的孩子善良、健康、快乐且有所成就。固定搭配wish sb.to do sth.，意为“祝愿某人做某事”，故此空填写不定式结构to be。 话题6 个人经历（共4篇） Passage 1 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Hello, everyone! I’m Alice. I’m interested in creative thinking and I joined the school innovation club last month. Last week, we had a competition. We 1 (ask) to design a tool to help students organize their school things. I thought hard and finally came up with an idea: a backpack with special pockets for different items, like books, pens and lunch boxes. When I showed my design to the club members, they 2 (praise) me for my creative idea. Our teacher said it was 3 (real) practical and could be made into a real product. This experience made me realize that creative thinking is not as difficult 4 I thought. Everyone can have brilliant ideas 5 they pay attention to small things in life. Now, I spend more time 6 (observe) the world around me. I keep a notebook 7 (write) down my ideas whenever I have them. I hope one day my ideas can 8 (come) true and help more people. I also encourage my classmates 9 (join) the innovation club. It’s a great place to learn and share ideas. Let’s use our 10 (brain) to make the world a better place! 【答案】 1．were asked 2．praised 3．really 4．as 5．if 6．observing 7．to write 8．come 9．to join 10．brains 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Alice加入学校创新俱乐部，参加工具设计比赛并设计出多功能分层背包的经历。 【详解】1．句意：我们被要求设计一款工具，帮助学生整理学习用品。时间状语是last week，所以用一般过去时；且主语we和动词ask是被动关系“我们被要求”，所以用一般过去时被动语态结构：was/were+过去分词；主语we是复数，be动词用were，ask的过去分词为asked。所以填were asked。 2．句意：当我把设计展示给俱乐部成员时，他们夸赞我的创意十分新颖。主句与when引导的从句时态保持一致，从句showed为一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时，praise变过去式praised。 3．句意：我们老师说这个设计真的很实用，还能做成实物产品。修饰形容词practical“实用的”需要用副词；real是形容词，副词形式为really，意为“真正地、十分”。 4．句意：这次经历让我意识到，创新思维并没有我想象中那么难。同级比较结构：as+形容词原级+as，表示“和……一样”；否定形式not as difficult as，意为“不如……难”。 5．句意：如果他们留意生活里的小事，每个人都能想出绝妙点子。前半句“人人都能有好想法”，后半句“留心生活小事”是实现前者的条件，所以用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。 6．句意：现在，我花更多时间观察身边的世界。spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，介词in可省略，后面动词用动名词形式；observe变动名词为observing。 7．句意：我随身带笔记本，一有灵感就把想法写下来。带笔记本的目的是记录灵感，用to do不定式结构表目的，所以填to write。 8．句意：我希望有一天我的想法能够成真，帮助更多人。情态动词can后必须接动词原形，come true意为“实现、成真”。 9．句意：我也鼓励同班同学们加入创新俱乐部。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式to do作宾语补足语，所以填to join。 19．句意：让我们开动脑筋，让世界变得更美好！our“我们的”后接可数名词复数；brain表示“头脑”，复数形式是brains。 Passage 2 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给的词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Forty years ago, Maowusu Sandy Land was 1 terribly dry desert. Strong winds blew sand everywhere, and people’s life there was much 2 (hard) than today. Yin Yuzhen lived in a small sand house and decided to change 3 (it) poor environment. She used all her savings to buy young 4 (tree) and kept planting year after year. In 2000, an American man called Sakolsky came to visit and gave Yin Yuzhen money 5 (help) her fight the sand. He doubted whether the desert could turn green, 6 Yin Yuzhen made a serious promise to him. Over the past 40 years, Yin Yuzhen 7 (turn) large areas of desert into lively forest. She works 8 (quiet) on the land and never gives up. Yin Yuzhen and Sakolsky are the 9 (hero). Thanks to them, great changes have taken place. The desert is no longer lifeless. People believe the world 10 (become) much greener if more people try their best to protect nature. The story tells us 11 small kindness and long-term efforts can finally change the whole world. 【答案】 1．a 2．harder 3．its 4．trees 5．to help 6．but 7．has turned 8．quietly 9．heroes 10．will become 11．that 【导语】本文主要讲述了殷玉珍耗费四十载光阴坚持治沙造林，在他人帮助下改造毛乌素沙漠，告诉我们微小善意和长期努力能够改变世界。 【详解】1．句意：四十年前，毛乌素沙地是一片可怕的干旱沙漠。desert是可数名词单数，terribly是以辅音音素开头的单词，表示 “一片”，用不定冠词a。 2．句意：大风把沙子吹得到处都是，那里人们的生活比现在艰难得多。结合“than”可知，这里要用形容词比较级，much修饰比较级，hard的比较级是harder，意为“更艰难的”。 3．句意：殷玉珍住在一间小小的沙屋里，决定改变它恶劣的环境。后面是名词poor environment，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，表示“它的（沙漠的）”。 4．句意：她花光全部积蓄买小树苗，年复一年坚持种树。tree是可数名词，这里泛指很多树苗，用复数trees。 5．句意：2000年，一位叫萨科尔斯基的美国人来访，给殷玉珍钱来帮助她治沙。结合“ gave Yin Yuzhen money…her fight the sand.”可知，给钱的目的是帮助治沙，所以要填动词不定式to help，作目的状语。 6．句意：他怀疑这片沙漠能否变绿，但是殷玉珍向他郑重许下承诺。前半句“他心存怀疑”与后半句 “殷玉珍作出承诺”构成转折关系，要填连词but。 7．句意：在过去40年间，殷玉珍已经把大片沙漠变成生机勃勃的森林。时间标志Over the past 40 years是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为has/have done；主语Yin Yuzhen是单数，助动词用has，turn的过去分词为turned。 8．句意：她在这片土地上默默劳作，从不放弃。修饰动词works要用副词，quiet为形容词，副词形式为quietly，意为“默默地”。 9．句意：殷玉珍和萨科尔斯基是英雄。主语是两个人，为复数；hero是可数名词，复数形式为heroes。 10．句意：人们相信，如果更多人尽全力保护自然，世界将会变得更加绿意盎然。if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，所以主句要用一般将来时，这里要填will become，意为“将变得”。 11．句意：这个故事告诉我们：微小的善意与长久的努力终能改变整个世界。tell us后面接宾语从句，从句句子完整、语义完整，不缺成分，要用引导词that。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Saihanba, which means “a beautiful high mountain” in Mongolian, lies in northern Hebei Province. Sixty years ago, it was nothing but bare sand. Wang Shanghai 1 (move) to this sandy land with his family in 1962. He 2 (lead) a team of 369 young workers to plant trees there. Life was hard. There were few trees 3 (hold) the soil together. In winter, temperatures fell far 4 zero, and strong winds buried their small houses in sand. Some workers lost their lives in the early years, but nobody left the forest. For the next sixty years, the rangers kept 5 planting, tree after tree, year after year. Their dream has finally come true. Today, Saihanba 6 (become) the world’s largest man-made forest. Since 2010, millions of tourists 7 (visit) this “green miracle”, and local people now live a much 8 (good) life than before. Wang has been gone for years, but the trees he planted stand high. “Green hills are gold hills,” his team often says 9 (proud). For the rangers, hard work 10 (bring) about the miracle so far. The sound of the leaves is the answer the green hills give to the world. 【答案】 1．moved 2．led 3．to hold 4．below 5．on 6．has become 7．have visited 8．better 9．proudly 10．has brought 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍塞罕坝六十年前是荒沙地，三代护林人坚持植树，终成世界最大人工林，实现“绿水青山就是金山银山”。 【详解】1．句意：王尚海于1962年和他的家人搬到了这片沙土地上。时间状语是“in 1962”，明确表示过去的时间，因此谓语动词需要用一般过去时，move的过去式为moved。 2．句意：他带领一支由369名年轻工人组成的队伍去那里种树。整段叙述的是过去的事情（1962年），时态应与前后文一致，用一般过去时。lead的过去式是不规则变化led。 3．句意：几乎没有树来固定土壤。空处需要用不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词trees，意为“固定土壤的树”。故填to hold。 4．句意：冬天，气温远降至零度以下，强风把他们的小屋埋在了沙子里。提到“In winter, temperatures fell”（温度）和“zero”，这里需要填一个介词，表示“低于”零度，below意为“在……以下”，“below zero”是固定搭配，表示“零度以下”。故填below。 5．句意：在接下来的六十年里，护林员们坚持种树，一棵接一棵，一年又一年。此处为固定搭配“keep on doing”，意为“坚持做某事、继续做某事”，“keep on planting”表示“坚持种树”，强调持续不断的动作。故填on。 6．句意：如今，塞罕坝已成为世界上最大的人工林。时间状语是Today（如今），表示从过去到现在的变化结果，强调对现在的影响，主语是第三人称单数Saihanba，因此用现在完成时has become。 7．句意：自2010年以来，数百万游客已经参观了这个“绿色奇迹”，当地人们现在生活得比以前好得多。时间状语是“Since 2010”（自2010年以来），表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的动作，因此用现在完成时，主语是“millions of tourists”（复数），助动词用have。故填have visited。 8．句意：当地人们现在生活得比以前好得多。good是形容词，修饰名词life，位于much之后，需使用good的比较级better。 9．句意：“绿水青山就是金山银山，”他的团队经常自豪地说。空处需使用形容词proud的副词形式proudly，修饰前面的动词says。 10．句意：对于护林员们来说，辛勤工作至今已带来了这一奇迹。时间状语是“so far”（至今、到目前为止），这是现在完成时的标志词，主语是hard work”（不可数），助动词用has，bring的过去分词为brought。 Passage 4 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Li Huan moved to the city three months 1 . He used to live in the countryside 2 his grandparents. His grandparents didn’t move 3 him because they prefer the quiet and simple life. Li Huan hasn’t got 4 to the city life yet. He 5 (be) busy with his studies, so he hasn’t got around in the city. Lingling invited him to go 6 (swim) at the new sports center this weekend. Li Huan thought it 7 (sound) great. In the past, people 8 (have) fewer ways to have fun. They watched open-air movies, listened 9 the radio and played chess. Nowadays, people can surf the 10 or go to the cinema. 【答案】 1．ago 2．with 3．with 4．used 5．has been 6．swimming 7．sounded 8．had 9．to 10．Internet 【导语】本文讲述李焕三个月前搬到城市，还未适应城市生活，同时对比过去与现在人们的娱乐方式的变化。 【详解】1．句意：李焕三个月前搬到了城市。“时间段+ago”是一般过去时的标志性结构，用于描述过去发生的动作。 2．句意：他过去和祖父母住在乡下。介词“with”表示“和……一起”，用于说明共同居住的对象。 3．句意：他的祖父母没有和他一起搬来，因为他们更喜欢安静简朴的生活。固定搭配“move with sb.”表示“和某人一起搬迁”。 4．句意：李焕还没有适应城市生活。固定短语“get used to”表示“习惯于、适应”。 5．句意：他忙于学业，所以还没在城里四处逛逛。后文“hasn’t got around”为现在完成时，本句时态保持一致，主语He对应be动词的现在完成形式has been。 6．句意：玲玲邀请他这个周末去新体育中心游泳。固定搭配“go swimming”表示“去游泳”。 7．句意：李焕认为这听起来很棒。主句thought为一般过去时，宾语从句时态保持一致，sound使用过去式sounded。 8．句意：在过去，人们的娱乐方式更少。时间标志“In the past”表示“在过去”，句子用一般过去时，have变为had。 9．句意：他们看露天电影、听收音机、下棋。固定短语“listen to”表示“听……”。 10．句意：如今，人们可以上网或者去电影院。固定搭配“surf the Internet”表示“上网”。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $