专题02 动词时态语态 （期中复习讲义）高一英语上学期沪教版

专题02 动词时态语态 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 八大核心时态 / 考点二 动词的被动语态 / 考点三 易混易错汇总 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题核心考点：8大核心时态用法辨析、时态标志词识别、被动语态基本结构、不同时态下的被动变形、主动表被动特殊情况、时态语态混合辨析。 期中题型覆盖语法填空、单句改错、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达。 基础题考查标志词与时态基础变形；拉分难点：现在完成时vs一般过去时；过去进行时vs一般过去时；主动表被动；时态在语境中的隐性判断（无时间标志词）；写作中时态误用是高频扣分点。 识记 熟记8种高频时态的构成、时间标志词；掌握各时态对应的被动语态结构；牢记不规则动词过去式、过去分词变化。 理解 辨析易混时态：一般过去时&现在完成时；一般过去时&过去进行时；现在完成时&现在完成进行时；分清何时用主动、何时用被动，掌握主动表被动特殊句型。 应用 语法填空中根据语境/标志词准确判断时态语态；改错识别时态、语态错误；写作中选择正确时态，写出时态无误的句子。 考点一 八大核心时态 1. 一般现在时 do / does 用法：经常性习惯性动作；客观真理、客观事实；按计划发生的时刻表。 标志词：often, usually, always, every…, sometimes 例句：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕太阳转。 2. 一般过去时 did 用法：过去某个时间发生，动作已经结束，和现在无联系。 标志词：yesterday, last…, …ago, in+过去年份 例句：He visited Beijing last year.他去年游览过北京。 3. 一般将来时 will do / be going to do will do：临时决定；客观将来 be going to do：计划打算；有迹象将要发生 标志词：tomorrow, next…, in+将来时间段 例句：I will help you.我会帮你。 / It is going to rain.天要下雨了。 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are doing 用法：此时此刻正在做；现阶段暂时进行（此刻不一定在做）；表反复发生带感情色彩。 标志词：now, at present, these days, look!, listen! 例句：Look! The birds are flying in the sky.看！鸟儿正在天上飞。 5. 过去进行时 was/were doing 用法：过去某一刻/某段时间正在发生；过去背景动作（when突然动作）。 标志词：at that time, at 8 o’clock yesterday, when 例句：I was reading books when he came in.他进来的时候我正在看书。 6. 现在完成时 have/has done 用法：①过去动作对现在造成结果/影响；②动作从过去持续到现在（常与since / for连用）。 标志词：already, yet, so far, up to now, since, for, in the past few years 例句：I have finished my homework.我已经写完作业了。（现在作业写完了） 高频易错：现在完成时不与yesterday、last year这类过去具体时间点连用。 7. 过去完成时 had done 用法：过去的过去；一个过去动作之前就已经完成。 标志词：by+过去时间，before, when, by the end of+过去时间 例句：By last term, we had learned 2000 words.到上学期为止，我们已经学了2000个单词。 8. 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 用法：动作从过去持续到现在，还可能继续；强调动作持续性。 标志词：for, since, all the time 例句：He has been studying for three hours.他已经学了三小时（还在学）。 ⚠️概念辨析 📌易混辨析：一般过去时 vs 过去进行时 一般过去时：动作已经完成；过去进行时：过去正在进行，未必结束。 He wrote a letter.（写完了）；He was writing a letter.（当时正在写，不一定写完） 📌概念辨析｜现在完成时 VS 现在完成进行时 have done：侧重结果；have been doing：侧重过程、持续。 ⚠️避坑指南 时态看时间语境；现在完成时不能搭配过去时间点(yesterday,last week) 考点二 动词的被动语态 1. 基本结构：be + 及物动词过去分词(done)；be随时态、人称变化。 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are done Many trees are planted every spring. 一般过去时 was / were done The house was built in 2010. 一般将来时 will be done / be going to be done The problem will be solved soon. 现在进行时 am/is/are being done The library is being rebuilt now. 过去进行时 was/were being done The road was being repaired at that time. 现在完成时 have / has been done All tasks have been finished. 过去完成时 had been done The work had been finished before he arrived. ⚠️避坑指南 1. 不及物动词无被动：happen, appear, occur, take place, break out 没有被动语态。 An accident was happened. ✅An accident happened. 2. 主动表被动高频场景（重点，期中常考） ① 感官系动词：look / sound / feel / smell / taste 无被动 The cloth feels soft.这块布摸起来柔软。 ② 某些动词：sell, wash, write, read 表示事物本身属性，用主动表被动 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。 ③ need / want / require + doing 主动表被动（=to be done） The room needs cleaning.=The room needs to be cleaned.房间需要被打扫。 考点三 易混易错汇总 1. 时间状语从句、条件状语从句：主将从现，主句将来，从句用一般现在时表将来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the trip.如果明天下雨，我们将取消旅行。 2. have been to（去过，已经回来）；have gone to（去了，还没回来）；have been in（待在某地） 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、用括号内动词适当形式填空（时态基础） 1. My father often ______ (watch) news after dinner. 2. They ______ (play) football yesterday afternoon. 3. Look! Some children ______ (run) on the playground. 4. I ______ (finish) my homework already. 5. He ______ (live) here since 2020. 6. By the end of last year, we ______ (learn) more than 10 units. 7. The sun ______ (rise) in the east. 8. When I got home, my mother ______ (cook) dinner. 9. We ______ (have) a trip next weekend. 10. The film ______ (be) on for ten minutes. 二、用括号动词的正确时态‑语态填空 1. A lot of flowers ______ (plant) in our school every year. 2. This old building ______ (build) one hundred years ago. 3. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow afternoon. 4. Your bike ______ (repair) now. Please wait for a moment. 5. All the letters ______ (send) out so far. 6. The accident ______ (happen) on a rainy morning.（注意不及物无被动） 7. The problem ______ (discuss) when I entered the room. 8. These books ______ (keep) for two weeks already. 9. The little boy ______ (tell) not to play with fire just now. 10. The room requires ______ (clean).（主动表被动） 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空（期中真题改编，分析语境判断时态语态） 阅读短文，填入动词正确形式，注意时态、语态。 Last summer, I 1._________ (take) part in a summer camp. Many students from different cities 2._________ (invite) to join the activity. When I arrived, some students 3._________ (prepare) for the opening ceremony. So far, many wonderful memories 4._________ (create) during the camp. Our teacher told us that practice 5._________ (make) perfect. Every morning we 6._________ (take) different courses. A speech competition 7._________ (hold) in the second week. Before the competition started, I 8._________ (finish) my speech draft. I 9._________ (learn) a lot and I still remember what I experienced. Up to now I 10._________ (keep) in touch with my new friends. 二、单句改错（每句一处错误，划出并改正，10小题） 1. He has joined the army for three years. ____________ 2. A car accident was happened on the highway yesterday. ____________ 3. By last month, we finish reading five novels. ____________ 4. I will tell you the news as soon as he will arrive. ____________ 5. The pen writes smoothly, so it sells good. ____________ 6. My mother was reading when I enter the room. ____________ 7. Great changes have taken place in our city in the past 10 years.（本句无错） 8. The new stadium is build these days. ____________ 9. He has gone to Shanghai for two weeks. ____________ 10. The room needs be cleaned right now. ____________ 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 动词时态语态 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一 八大核心时态 / 考点二 动词的被动语态 / 考点三 易混易错汇总 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练 / 综合进阶练 本专题核心考点：8大核心时态用法辨析、时态标志词识别、被动语态基本结构、不同时态下的被动变形、主动表被动特殊情况、时态语态混合辨析。 期中题型覆盖语法填空、单句改错、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达。 基础题考查标志词与时态基础变形；拉分难点：现在完成时vs一般过去时；过去进行时vs一般过去时；主动表被动；时态在语境中的隐性判断（无时间标志词）；写作中时态误用是高频扣分点。 识记 熟记8种高频时态的构成、时间标志词；掌握各时态对应的被动语态结构；牢记不规则动词过去式、过去分词变化。 理解 辨析易混时态：一般过去时&现在完成时；一般过去时&过去进行时；现在完成时&现在完成进行时；分清何时用主动、何时用被动，掌握主动表被动特殊句型。 应用 语法填空中根据语境/标志词准确判断时态语态；改错识别时态、语态错误；写作中选择正确时态，写出时态无误的句子。 考点一 八大核心时态 1. 一般现在时 do / does 用法：经常性习惯性动作；客观真理、客观事实；按计划发生的时刻表。 标志词：often, usually, always, every…, sometimes 例句：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕太阳转。 2. 一般过去时 did 用法：过去某个时间发生，动作已经结束，和现在无联系。 标志词：yesterday, last…, …ago, in+过去年份 例句：He visited Beijing last year.他去年游览过北京。 3. 一般将来时 will do / be going to do will do：临时决定；客观将来 be going to do：计划打算；有迹象将要发生 标志词：tomorrow, next…, in+将来时间段 例句：I will help you.我会帮你。 / It is going to rain.天要下雨了。 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are doing 用法：此时此刻正在做；现阶段暂时进行（此刻不一定在做）；表反复发生带感情色彩。 标志词：now, at present, these days, look!, listen! 例句：Look! The birds are flying in the sky.看！鸟儿正在天上飞。 5. 过去进行时 was/were doing 用法：过去某一刻/某段时间正在发生；过去背景动作（when突然动作）。 标志词：at that time, at 8 o’clock yesterday, when 例句：I was reading books when he came in.他进来的时候我正在看书。 6. 现在完成时 have/has done 用法：①过去动作对现在造成结果/影响；②动作从过去持续到现在（常与since / for连用）。 标志词：already, yet, so far, up to now, since, for, in the past few years 例句：I have finished my homework.我已经写完作业了。（现在作业写完了） 高频易错：现在完成时不与yesterday、last year这类过去具体时间点连用。 7. 过去完成时 had done 用法：过去的过去；一个过去动作之前就已经完成。 标志词：by+过去时间，before, when, by the end of+过去时间 例句：By last term, we had learned 2000 words.到上学期为止，我们已经学了2000个单词。 8. 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 用法：动作从过去持续到现在，还可能继续；强调动作持续性。 标志词：for, since, all the time 例句：He has been studying for three hours.他已经学了三小时（还在学）。 ⚠️概念辨析 📌易混辨析：一般过去时 vs 过去进行时 一般过去时：动作已经完成；过去进行时：过去正在进行，未必结束。 He wrote a letter.（写完了）；He was writing a letter.（当时正在写，不一定写完） 📌概念辨析｜现在完成时 VS 现在完成进行时 have done：侧重结果；have been doing：侧重过程、持续。 ⚠️避坑指南 时态看时间语境；现在完成时不能搭配过去时间点(yesterday,last week) 考点二 动词的被动语态 1. 基本结构：be + 及物动词过去分词(done)；be随时态、人称变化。 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are done Many trees are planted every spring. 一般过去时 was / were done The house was built in 2010. 一般将来时 will be done / be going to be done The problem will be solved soon. 现在进行时 am/is/are being done The library is being rebuilt now. 过去进行时 was/were being done The road was being repaired at that time. 现在完成时 have / has been done All tasks have been finished. 过去完成时 had been done The work had been finished before he arrived. ⚠️避坑指南 1. 不及物动词无被动：happen, appear, occur, take place, break out 没有被动语态。 An accident was happened. ✅An accident happened. 2. 主动表被动高频场景（重点，期中常考） ① 感官系动词：look / sound / feel / smell / taste 无被动 The cloth feels soft.这块布摸起来柔软。 ② 某些动词：sell, wash, write, read 表示事物本身属性，用主动表被动 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。 ③ need / want / require + doing 主动表被动（=to be done） The room needs cleaning.=The room needs to be cleaned.房间需要被打扫。 考点三 易混易错汇总 1. 时间状语从句、条件状语从句：主将从现，主句将来，从句用一般现在时表将来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the trip.如果明天下雨，我们将取消旅行。 2. have been to（去过，已经回来）；have gone to（去了，还没回来）；have been in（待在某地） 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、用括号内动词适当形式填空（时态基础） 1. My father often ______ (watch) news after dinner. 2. They ______ (play) football yesterday afternoon. 3. Look! Some children ______ (run) on the playground. 4. I ______ (finish) my homework already. 5. He ______ (live) here since 2020. 6. By the end of last year, we ______ (learn) more than 10 units. 7. The sun ______ (rise) in the east. 8. When I got home, my mother ______ (cook) dinner. 9. We ______ (have) a trip next weekend. 10. The film ______ (be) on for ten minutes. 【答案与解析】 1. watches；often一般现在时，主语三单 2. played；yesterday afternoon一般过去时 3. are running；look！现在进行时 4. have finished；already现在完成时 5. has lived；since现在完成时 6. had learned；by+过去时间，过去完成时 7. rises；客观真理一般现在时，三单 8. was cooking；when+过去时间点，过去进行时 9. will have / are going to have；next weekend一般将来时 10. has been；for+一段时间，现在完成时 二、用括号动词的正确时态‑语态填空 1. A lot of flowers ______ (plant) in our school every year. 2. This old building ______ (build) one hundred years ago. 3. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow afternoon. 4. Your bike ______ (repair) now. Please wait for a moment. 5. All the letters ______ (send) out so far. 6. The accident ______ (happen) on a rainy morning.（注意不及物无被动） 7. The problem ______ (discuss) when I entered the room. 8. These books ______ (keep) for two weeks already. 9. The little boy ______ (tell) not to play with fire just now. 10. The room requires ______ (clean).（主动表被动） 【答案与解析】 1. are planted；一般现在时被动，every year 2. was built；一般过去时被动，100 years ago 3. will be held；一般将来时被动，tomorrow 4. is being repaired；现在进行时被动，now 5. have been sent；现在完成时被动，so far 6. happened；happen不及物动词，无被动，一般过去时 7. was being discussed；过去进行时被动 8. have been kept；现在完成时被动，for two weeks 9. was told；一般过去时被动，just now 10. cleaning；require doing主动表被动 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空（期中真题改编，分析语境判断时态语态） 阅读短文，填入动词正确形式，注意时态、语态。 Last summer, I 1._________ (take) part in a summer camp. Many students from different cities 2._________ (invite) to join the activity. When I arrived, some students 3._________ (prepare) for the opening ceremony. So far, many wonderful memories 4._________ (create) during the camp. Our teacher told us that practice 5._________ (make) perfect. Every morning we 6._________ (take) different courses. A speech competition 7._________ (hold) in the second week. Before the competition started, I 8._________ (finish) my speech draft. I 9._________ (learn) a lot and I still remember what I experienced. Up to now I 10._________ (keep) in touch with my new friends. 【答案】 1. took 2. were invited 3. were preparing 4. have been created 5. makes（客观真理，宾语从句客观真理仍用一般现在） 6. took 7. was held 8. had finished 9. learned 10. have kept 【解析要点】 1.last summer过去时间，一般过去时； 2.student是被邀请，一般过去被动； 3.arrived那一刻，别人正在准备→过去进行时； 4.so far到目前为止，现在完成时被动； 5.谚语客观真理，不受主句过去时态影响，一般现在时； 8.before从句过去动作，主句“过去的过去”用过去完成时。 二、单句改错（每句一处错误，划出并改正，10小题） 1. He has joined the army for three years. ____________ 2. A car accident was happened on the highway yesterday. ____________ 3. By last month, we finish reading five novels. ____________ 4. I will tell you the news as soon as he will arrive. ____________ 5. The pen writes smoothly, so it sells good. ____________ 6. My mother was reading when I enter the room. ____________ 7. Great changes have taken place in our city in the past 10 years.（本句无错） 8. The new stadium is build these days. ____________ 9. He has gone to Shanghai for two weeks. ____________ 10. The room needs be cleaned right now. ____________ 【参考答案】 1.joined→been in；join短暂动词不能和for时间段连用 2.was happened→happened；happen不及物无被动 3.finish→had finished；by+过去时间用过去完成时 4.will arrive→arrives；主将从现，从句一般现在表将来 5.good→well；sell动词用副词well修饰 6.enter→entered；主句过去进行，从句一般过去时 7.✅无错误 8.build→being built；现在进行时被动is being built 9.has gone to→has been in；has gone to不能接时间段 10.be cleaned→cleaning / to be cleaned；need doing主动表被动 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $