精品解析：上海市延安中学2026-2027学年高一上学期9月月考英语试卷

高一年级第一学期 英语练习卷一 听力部分 I. Listening Comprehension (15%) Section A (5%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model. C. A shirt designer. D. A shop assistant. 2. A. In a bank. B. In a school. C. In a travel agency. D. In a stock exchange. 3. A. It’s not good enough. B. It’s none of the woman’s business. C. It’s not true. D. It’s out of expectation. 4. A. He’s decided to try a new barbershop. B. The woman mistook him for another guy. C. A different person cut his hair this time. D. Another friend also commented on his hair. 5. A. The tipping rule in America. B. Important aspects in American culture. C. The general tax rate in America. D. Tips on understanding American culture. 6. A. She doesn’t know where it is. B. She’s angry with the man for forgetting it. C. She’d like the man to return it tomorrow. D. She didn’t realize the man had borrowed it. 7. A. Book a hotel on the campus. B. Reserve a hotel a little far away. C. Call the local hotels again a few days later. D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend. 8. A. She took a history class last term. B. She doesn’t trust the man. C. She didn’t like her geography professor. D. She won’t take any history classes. 9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow. B. The meeting place has been changed. C. The meeting has been canceled. D. She’ll be too tired to walk to the meeting. 10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all. B. He has never been to Central Mountain. C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring breaks. D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain. Section B(10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship. B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn. C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching. D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters. 12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food. B. It could lower the movie ticket prices. C. It was unpopular with theater owners. D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere. 13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn. B. The increase of popcorn prices. C. The rise of less luxurious theaters. D. The improvement of popcorn smell. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Pearson’s plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market. B. Pearson’s publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market. C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson’s sales in the U.S. college market. D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing. 15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold. B. Pearson has been trying to save money. C. Some employees have left Pearson. D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly. 16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable. B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones. C. They will be updated more timely. D. Their extra learning tools will be free. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online. C. Interacting with online followers. D. Finding friendships on social media. 18. A. Essential. B. Impolite. C. Comfortable. D. Unwise. 19. A. Urging people to make nice comments. B. Encouraging people to become volunteers. C. Providing people with job opportunities. D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships. 20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online. B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities. C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online. D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends. 高一年级第一学期 英语练习卷一 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (22%) Section A (7%) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Which of the following sentences is NOT the same in structure with the other three? A. Doctors, lawyers and engineers make great contributions to society. B. Many of us believe that pursuing our dreams will bring happiness. C. This summer I look forward to putting a GPS receiver on my bike. D. When a song plays at a fast pace, we move faster. 2. —I have to leave now. —Must you? I ________ you could stay and have dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking 3. So far millions of pounds’ worth of damage ______ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 4. Companies that process data cannot refuse to provide services to users who don’t agree to having their data collected __________ that data is necessary for the provision (提供) of the product or service. A. while B. even C. until D. unless 5. The story of Once Upon a Time in the Middle East (《欢迎来龙餐馆》) is so inspirational and touching that I can’t help feeling fired up about it, __________ it has been many days since I finished watching it. A. even though B. no matter C. only if D. the moment 6. To cope with the complex conditions, builders had to change the way __________ tunnels are normally built by increasing steel content and concrete strength. Which one is Not the correct answer? A. which B. / C. that D. in which 7. It is the concerns ranging from costs to the maintenance of the elevator __________ have created discord (不和) in communities and prevented further efforts to install elevators in the buildings. A. which B. that C. they D. who Section B (8%) Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. in terms of B. pursuit C. refers to D. put emphasis on E. convinced F. motivate G. priority H. reflect on I. at the heart of 8. In her autobiography, she occasionally _________ her happy schooldays. 9. The global health crisis has caused brands to _________ how fashion has damaged the environment, prompting some designer brands to make aggressive moves. 10. Hangzhou, with its strong economic background and good situation _________ innovation and entrepreneurship (企业家精神), was also a popular choice among young workers. 11. Located _________ Shanghai’s Pudong New Area, the Shanghai World Financial center is home to about 250 high-end shops and offices. 12. Simply setting up protected lands for the rare animals doesn’t work. We must _________ even larger participation and throw all walks of life into action. 13. Our main principle is to _________ our product quality, which is definitely our promise and guarantee to customers. 14. The proposals deserve support as they give _________ to the needs of children. 15. Chinese scientists were _________ that the manned space program would be crucial to the future of the country’s space industry. Section C (7%) Directions: Complete the article with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. impact B. replacing C. conscious D. labeling E. encountering F. crisis G. urgent H. responsible Can We Eat Meat Without Damaging the Environment? “I’ve eaten meat my whole life, but the more I learn about our planet, the more I question how we treat it,” says Liz Bonnin at the start of the BBC documentary Meat: A Threat To Our Planet?. “Unless we do things very differently,” says Liz, “the ____16____ the meat industry has on our environment is only going to get worse. As demand increases, so do greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. This leads to one very obvious question: should we just stop eating meat?” This question is asked often, and the answers can be divisive. So, we decided to ask the experts: What is the least environmentally damaging way to eat meat? Reduce your meat intake by 70 percent Chiara Vitali, Forests Campaigner, Greenpeace UK To avoid the breakdown of our climate, we need to reduce the amount of meat and dairy we’re eating by about 70 percent — that’s what the world’s top scientists are telling us. I think people have got the message that eating less red meat is better health-wise. However, what many may not know is that switching from, say, beef to chicken is causing ____17____ for the world’s forests. The vast amount of the animal feed that is being used to fatten poultry (家禽) is imported from South America, where agricultural expansion means the destruction of natural ecosystems. So it’s not just a case of ____18____ one meat with another, but it doesn’t have to be about every one of us going completely vegan either — unless you want to. Eat grass-fed meat Patrick Holden, Director, Sustainable Food Trust We actually need to eat more grass-fed meat, mainly beef and lamb. University of Oxford Professor Myles Allen has recalculated the amount of methane emissions from ruminants (反刍动物). The inference from this new research is that we don’t have to stop eating grass-fed cattle or sheep. Instead of demonizing cattle and sheep, we need to distinguish between the animals that are part of the problem, namely intensively produced poultry, pork and dairy products, and those that are part of the solution, namely grass-fed ruminants. At the root of the climate change problem is our fossil fuel consumption, this is where we need to take the most ____19____ action. Consider where your meat comes from Shefali Sharma, Director, Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy’s European Office There are ____20____ ways of eating meat. You can begin with knowing the farm your animal came from and what kind of life the animal had. The EU’s organic standard for livestock, for instance, requires that a farm hold no more than two cows per hectare of land. In the UK, there is ____21____ available too, which will tell you if a meat’s been pasture-raised (牧场放养). It’s important to ensure pastures are well-managed and not over-grazed. It’s possible to eat meat and be environmentally and socially ____22____, but it means trying not to buy meat that is mass-produced. III. Reading Comprehension (43%) Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to Get the Most Out of Your Travel If you’re visiting Florence, Italy, you’ve got to see the world-famous Uffizi Gallery (乌菲兹美术馆). But why? Because that’s what ____23____ does in Florence? Because you feel it’s ____24____ to post a selfie in front of the Italian painter Sandro Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus? Those are obviously ____25____ reasons. We shouldn’t go to places because they’re world-famous; instead, we should go to fully ____26____what made them world-famous. But that requires a well-planned visit, not just following the ____27____, taking pictures and checking it off your wish list. For example, you cannot visit the crown of Lady Liberty (自由女神像的别称) at all without serious ____28____. “On busy days, we’re talking 25,000 people on a small island, and only 500 a day get to the crown,” said Michael Amato, the lead park ranger for the Statue of Liberty National Monument. “Right now we’re sold out until two months later.” So you need to check on what’s available ____29____. Still, a lot can ____30____ before you actually go on the trip. “Keep up to date,” said Jade McKellar, the director of visitor experiences at the Sydney Opera House. “____31____ us on social media and sign up for our newsletter.” Even without a booking, visitors can often buy tickets for events that run 363 days a year. But like many sites, a true visit means spending a full day, something a(n) ____32____ traveler might be unwilling to do. Another reason to set aside more time: Visitors can check out the less famous but equally worthwhile — often beautifully complementary — sites ____33____. Susan Greaney, the senior historian at English Heritage, which is in charge of Stonehenge (巨石阵), ____34____ a trip to the two history museums with Stonehenge-relevant exhibitions. Each of them is less than a 30-minute drive away but likely to be ____35____ on a one-day tour from London. Of course, you can simply ____36____ the world-famous attraction. If you’re ____37____ museums by the time you get to Florence, forget the Uffizi and take advantage of other things Florence offers. Don’t worry about what your friends will think. 23. A. everyone B. somebody C. tradition D. habit 24. A. free B. pleasant C. necessary D. exhausted 25. A. terrible B. odd C. funny D. important 26. A. study B. appreciate C. sense D. control 27. A. example B. order C. advice D. crowd 28. A. testing B. planning C. rethinking D. training 29. A. at a distance B. by chance C. in advance D. on time 30. A. happen B. come C. change D. improve 31. A. Support B. Observe C. Follow D. Inform 32. A. rich B. rushed C. curious D. independent 33. A. home B. overseas C. nearby D. halfway 34. A. recommended B. experienced C. extended D. canceled 35. A. covered B. found C. predicted D. missed 36. A. check B. skip C. replace D. expect 37. A. familiar with B. sick of C. used to D. attracted to Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else. 　Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. 　I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos (老挝). Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair. 　I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head, I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well). 　I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs in them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness. 　She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy. 　The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in the marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t, of course. 　I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy. 　I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to the floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me! 　There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry. 38. The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because the woman _______. A. thought that the last offer was reasonable. B. thought she could still make much money. C. was glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining. D. was tired of bargaining with the writer any more. 39. Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts? A. The skirts were cheap and pretty. B. She liked the patterns on the skirts. C. She wanted to do something as compensation (补偿). D. She was getting awfully sick of further bargaining with the woman. 40. When the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because _________. A. she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling. B. she was afraid of crying in public. C. she had learned to face difficulties bravely. D. she had to show in public that she was strong. 41. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again? A. She suddenly felt very sad. B. She was affected by emotion. C. She liked the ribbons so much. D. She felt sorry for the woman. (B) The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less! City Sightseeing $33/A, $23/C, FREE/T 24 hrs of Unlimited Touring — 9 am to 6 pm Duration: 1 Day (unlimited rides) Attractions: Civic District, Orchard Road, Botanic Gardens, Little India, Chinatown & more along the City & Heritage routes It is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open-top touring system. Spot an interesting place or sight? 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Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore? A. Night Safari. B. DUCK. C. City Sightseeing. D. Flyer. 43. If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial ___________ for more information before their tour. A. 6338-6877 B. 6338-6859 C. 6338-3311 D. 6338-6826 44. Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above? A. Education Commission. B. Health Department. C. Transportation Bureau. D. Tourism Bureau. (C) To get a sense of how spending in my generation is different from that of my parents’, just consider one simple transaction: a utility bill. When my parents paid their utility bill, they had to take out their chequebook (支票簿), put pen to paper, write a cheque, and then record it in their chequebook. If they did not know how much their utility bill was, they had to be purposefully ignorant. My utility bill is paid automatically from my banking app. For me to know how much my utility bill is, I have to be purposefully diligent. And the truth is, I’m not in most cases. Of course, I’m not just talking about utility bills here. As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore. And that is the problem: By streamlining our personal finances, technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs. However, in doing so, it has broken the connection between the things we buy and the cost of having them. And it is precisely that connection that keeps our financial lives on track — making sure that we save enough and spend our money on the things that really matter. The question now is: How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us? The good news is that whatever is given can be taken back. Much of the battle is simply to recognize what we have lost. After all, we do not miss what we do not know we are missing. The first thing is thus to be aware of how much we are spending by using personal-finance apps. These apps can categorize purchases and send you a spending report. They can detect — and warn you — if a repeated payment is going to get you in trouble. And they can send you a notification when each automatic payment is being made. These real-time tools, used together, are probably better practice than balancing a chequebook on a Saturday morning. The fact, however, is that all of these tools require the user to make a conscious effort to sign up for these services, and to actually use them. And that is where the “stop me before I do something foolish” process must begin. If we millennials want to be smart about our money, it seems to me we have no choice: We need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how we pay. We need to feel the connection between the value of our purchases and the effort it takes to make them. 45. The example mentioned by the author in the first two paragraphs was meant to suggest that _________. A. saving habits vary from generation to generation B. banking apps have quickly developed in recent years C. the younger generation are much lazier than their parents D. the payment process has greatly changed over the past decades 46. The underlined word “streamlining” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_________”. A. analyzing B. controlling C. improving D. simplifying 47. According to the article, which of the following sayings best describes the financial problems that most millennials are facing today? A. Out of sight, out of mind. B. The devil is in the details. C. Rome wasn’t built in a day. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. 48. According to the author, millennials will be able to take back control over their personal finances by _________. A. stopping the use of automatic-paying apps B. setting aside a regular time to pay their bills C. making the best use of personal-finance apps D. thinking twice before making expensive purchases Section C (6%) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A group of kids canoeing in Canada’s Killarney Provincial Park are paddling across a peaceful lake. It is a hot sunny day, and a thirsty boy dips a cooking pot into the water to refill his canteen. In a moment of inattention, the pot slips from his grasp and sinks underwater beyond reach. What is incredible is that the pot is visible all the way down to the lake floor about 15 meters below. It is the mid-1980s. _____49_____ This lake in Ontario, Canada, has been dramatically altered by acid rain. Almost every living thing in the water — including the tiny algae (海藻) that would normally block light from reaching the depths — was gone, leaving the water here and in lakes across the region a beautiful but lifeless aquamarine. If we look back today, there is little argument that the cause of acid rain is sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released as a result of fossil fuel combustion (化石燃料的燃烧) from cars and industrial facilities. We know this now. _____50_____ “There were lots of deniers of acid rain,” says Gene Likens, now a retired professor of ecology. At the time, he remembers giving public lectures on the topic. On occasion someone would stand up, rudely interrupt him, and say they did not believe in acid rain. From its discovery in 1963 to the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1990, legislative action on acid rain took a total of 27 years. _____51_____ The first international dispute over acid rain was the United States accusing Canada of acidifying lakes in the boundary waters. When all of the data was put on the table, it became obvious that the United States was responsible for producing more than half the acid rain that had collected in Canada’s lakes. This led to action on acid rain on both sides of the Canada-U.S. border. Though aspects of its legacy remain, solutions to the acid rain problem moved forward, in North America at least, because it became a non-partisan (无党派的) issue. Are there parallels between efforts to curb acid rain and strategies for action on climate change? Tackling acid rain in North America required action in two neighboring countries. But for climate change, the challenge is broader and solutions must be global. _____52_____ Both require cutting-edge science, media coverage, and the finding of common ground in the building of coalitions (联盟) between opposing parties. A. For a long time, however, acid rain was a puzzle. B. Nevertheless, the two issues do share similarities. C. There is an unfortunate explanation for this water clarity. D. Over this period of time, many a cross-border argument erupted. E. Like with climate change, there were many powerful people involved. F. During its worst stages, acid rain had harmed human health in America. 第 II 卷 (20分) I. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs given. (1.5*4 6%) 53. Although the countries involved have had rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far on the issue. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The big room ________ (measure) about 8 meters across. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. By the time he graduated from college, he ___________ (publish) at least three books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. —Hey, Mike! I haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? — I went to Tibet and ___________ (stay) there for one year. (所给词的适当形式填空) II. Translation (14%) (3+3+4+4) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 57. 在我看来，南京路是以一座历史悠久的城市的名字命名的。 (perspective，name v.)（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ 58. 对待长者的态度在特定的中国文化中非常重要。（importance）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 59. 这些爱尔兰移民有一个共同点，他们不会为自己的贫困而羞愧。(common, ashamed) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 60. 他总是会和朋友分享他的生活，因为他热衷于在手机上录制关于他的日常的短视频并上传到网络。（typical）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一年级第一学期 英语练习卷一 听力部分 I. Listening Comprehension (15%) Section A (5%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model. C. A shirt designer. D. A shop assistant. 2. A. In a bank. B. In a school. C. In a travel agency. D. In a stock exchange. 3. A. It’s not good enough. B. It’s none of the woman’s business. C. It’s not true. D. It’s out of expectation. 4. A. He’s decided to try a new barbershop. B. The woman mistook him for another guy. C. A different person cut his hair this time. D. Another friend also commented on his hair. 5. A. The tipping rule in America. B. Important aspects in American culture. C. The general tax rate in America. D. Tips on understanding American culture. 6. A. She doesn’t know where it is. B. She’s angry with the man for forgetting it. C. She’d like the man to return it tomorrow. D. She didn’t realize the man had borrowed it. 7. A. Book a hotel on the campus. B. Reserve a hotel a little far away. C. Call the local hotels again a few days later. D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend. 8. A. She took a history class last term. B. She doesn’t trust the man. C. She didn’t like her geography professor. D. She won’t take any history classes. 9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow. B. The meeting place has been changed. C. The meeting has been canceled. D. She’ll be too tired to walk to the meeting. 10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all. B. He has never been to Central Mountain. C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring breaks. D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain. Section B(10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship. B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn. C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching. D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters. 12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food. B. It could lower the movie ticket prices. C. It was unpopular with theater owners. D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere. 13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn. B. The increase of popcorn prices. C. The rise of less luxurious theaters. D. The improvement of popcorn smell. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Pearson’s plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market. B. Pearson’s publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market. C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson’s sales in the U.S. college market. D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing. 15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold. B. Pearson has been trying to save money. C. Some employees have left Pearson. D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly. 16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable. B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones. C. They will be updated more timely. D. Their extra learning tools will be free. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online. C. Interacting with online followers. D. Finding friendships on social media. 18. A. Essential. B. Impolite. C. Comfortable. D. Unwise. 19. A. Urging people to make nice comments. B. Encouraging people to become volunteers. C. Providing people with job opportunities. D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships. 20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online. B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities. C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online. D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends. 高一年级第一学期 英语练习卷一 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (22%) Section A (7%) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1. Which of the following sentences is NOT the same in structure with the other three? A. Doctors, lawyers and engineers make great contributions to society. B. Many of us believe that pursuing our dreams will bring happiness. C. This summer I look forward to putting a GPS receiver on my bike. D. When a song plays at a fast pace, we move faster. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】题目：下列哪个句子的结构与其他三个不同？A项句意：医生、律师和工程师为社会做出了巨大贡献，为主谓宾结构，主语是Doctors, lawyers and engineers，谓语是make，宾语是great contributions；B项句意：我们中的许多人相信追求梦想会带来幸福，为主谓宾结构，主语是Many of us，谓语是believe，宾语是that引导的宾语从句；C项句意：今年夏天，我期待着在自行车上安装GPS接收器，为主谓宾结构，主语是I，谓语是look forward to，宾语是动名词短语putting a GPS receiver on my bike；D项句意：当一首歌以快节奏播放时，我们移动得更快，为主谓结构，主句主语是we，谓语是不及物动词move，faster为副词作状语，when引导时间状语从句。因此，D项的句子结构与其他三项不同。 2. —I have to leave now. —Must you? I ________ you could stay and have dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我必须走了。——必须走吗？我原以为你会留下来和我们共进晚餐呢。由语境可知，“我原来认为你会……”，think这个动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。think的过去式是thought，故选B。 3. So far millions of pounds’ worth of damage ______ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，昨晚席卷英格兰北部的一场风暴造成了价值数百万英镑的损失。根据上文so far“到目前为止”可知表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响应用现在完成时，主语为millions of pounds’ worth of damage，与谓语动词构成被动关系，助动词用has。故选A。 4. Companies that process data cannot refuse to provide services to users who don’t agree to having their data collected __________ that data is necessary for the provision (提供) of the product or service. A. while B. even C. until D. unless 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：处理数据的公司不能拒绝为不同意收集其数据的用户提供服务，除非这些数据对于产品或服务的提供是必要的。 A. while虽然，当……时；B. even甚至；C. until直到；D. unless除非。 根据后文“that data is necessary for the provision of the product or service”可知，此处表示拒绝提供服务的例外条件，unless符合句意。 5. The story of Once Upon a Time in the Middle East (《欢迎来龙餐馆》) is so inspirational and touching that I can’t help feeling fired up about it, __________ it has been many days since I finished watching it. A. even though B. no matter C. only if D. the moment 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：《欢迎来龙餐馆》的故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，以至于我忍不住对它感到激动，即使距离我看完它已经有很多天了。A. even though即使，虽然；B. no matter无论；C. only if只要；D. the moment一……就……。主句“I can’t help feeling fired up about it”与从句“it has been many days since I finished watching it”之间构成让步关系，需用表示让步的连词even though来连接，引导让步状语从句。 6. To cope with the complex conditions, builders had to change the way __________ tunnels are normally built by increasing steel content and concrete strength. Which one is Not the correct answer? A. which B. / C. that D. in which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了应对复杂的条件，建筑工人不得不通过增加钢材含量和混凝土强度来改变通常建造隧道的方式。哪一个不是正确答案？当先行词为the way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系词可以用that、in which或者省略。which不能单独引导作方式状语的定语从句。 7. It is the concerns ranging from costs to the maintenance of the elevator __________ have created discord (不和) in communities and prevented further efforts to install elevators in the buildings. A. which B. that C. they D. who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：正是从成本到电梯维护等一系列担忧，在社区中造成了不和，并阻碍了在建筑物中安装电梯的进一步努力。本句考查强调句型，基本结构为“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”，句中被强调的部分是主语“the concerns ranging from costs to the maintenance of the elevator”，指物，其他部分由that引出。 Section B (8%) Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. in terms of B. pursuit C. refers to D. put emphasis on E. convinced F. motivate G. priority H. reflect on I. at the heart of 8. In her autobiography, she occasionally _________ her happy schooldays. 9. The global health crisis has caused brands to _________ how fashion has damaged the environment, prompting some designer brands to make aggressive moves. 10. Hangzhou, with its strong economic background and good situation _________ innovation and entrepreneurship (企业家精神), was also a popular choice among young workers. 11. Located _________ Shanghai’s Pudong New Area, the Shanghai World Financial center is home to about 250 high-end shops and offices. 12. Simply setting up protected lands for the rare animals doesn’t work. We must _________ even larger participation and throw all walks of life into action. 13. Our main principle is to _________ our product quality, which is definitely our promise and guarantee to customers. 14. The proposals deserve support as they give _________ to the needs of children. 15. Chinese scientists were _________ that the manned space program would be crucial to the future of the country’s space industry. 【答案】8. C 9. H 10. A 11. I 12. F 13. D 14. G 15. E 【解析】 【8题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在她的自传中，她偶尔提及自己快乐的学生时代。根据“her happy schooldays”可知，此处说的是她偶尔提及快乐的学生时代；动词短语refer to意为“提及；谈到”，作谓语，句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时态，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这场全球健康危机促使各大品牌反思时尚行业对环境造成的破坏，推动一些设计师品牌采取大刀阔斧的举措。根据“how fashion has damaged the environment”可知，此处说的是各大品牌反思时尚对环境的破坏；动词短语reflect on意为“反思；思考”，cause sb. to do sth.意为“导致某人做某事”，to后接动词原形。 【10题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：杭州经济基础雄厚，在创新创业方面形势良好，也是年轻工作者的热门选择。根据“innovation and entrepreneurship”可知，此处说的是在创新创业方面；介词短语in terms of意为“在……方面”，符合语境。 【11题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：上海环球金融中心位于上海浦东新区的核心地带，入驻约250家高端商铺与办公室。根据“Located”和“Shanghai’s Pudong New Area”可知，此处说的是位于浦东新区的核心地带；介词短语at the heart of意为“在……的核心”，符合语境。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：仅仅为珍稀动物设立保护区是行不通的。我们必须激励更多人参与，动员各行各业行动起来。根据“even larger participation”可知，此处说的是激励更多人参与；动词motivate意为“激励；激发”，作谓语，情态动词must后接动词原形。 【13题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们的首要原则是重视产品质量，这无疑是我们对客户的承诺与保障。根据“our product quality”可知，此处说的是重视产品质量；动词短语put emphasis on意为“重视；强调”，此处为不定式短语在句中作表语，to后接动词原形。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些提议值得支持，因为它们优先考虑儿童的需求。根据“the needs of children”可知，此处说的是优先考虑儿童的需求；名词priority意为“优先事项”，作give的宾语；give priority to意为“优先考虑”。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国科学家坚信载人航天工程对国家航天事业的未来至关重要。根据“the manned space program would be crucial to the future of the country’s space industry”可知，此处说的是科学家坚信载人航天工程的重要性；形容词convinced意为“确信的；坚信的”，作表语；be convinced that...意为“相信……”。 Section C (7%) Directions: Complete the article with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. impact B. replacing C. conscious D. labeling E. encountering F. crisis G. urgent H. responsible Can We Eat Meat Without Damaging the Environment? “I’ve eaten meat my whole life, but the more I learn about our planet, the more I question how we treat it,” says Liz Bonnin at the start of the BBC documentary Meat: A Threat To Our Planet?. “Unless we do things very differently,” says Liz, “the ____16____ the meat industry has on our environment is only going to get worse. As demand increases, so do greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. This leads to one very obvious question: should we just stop eating meat?” This question is asked often, and the answers can be divisive. So, we decided to ask the experts: What is the least environmentally damaging way to eat meat? Reduce your meat intake by 70 percent Chiara Vitali, Forests Campaigner, Greenpeace UK To avoid the breakdown of our climate, we need to reduce the amount of meat and dairy we’re eating by about 70 percent — that’s what the world’s top scientists are telling us. I think people have got the message that eating less red meat is better health-wise. However, what many may not know is that switching from, say, beef to chicken is causing ____17____ for the world’s forests. The vast amount of the animal feed that is being used to fatten poultry (家禽) is imported from South America, where agricultural expansion means the destruction of natural ecosystems. So it’s not just a case of ____18____ one meat with another, but it doesn’t have to be about every one of us going completely vegan either — unless you want to. Eat grass-fed meat Patrick Holden, Director, Sustainable Food Trust We actually need to eat more grass-fed meat, mainly beef and lamb. University of Oxford Professor Myles Allen has recalculated the amount of methane emissions from ruminants (反刍动物). The inference from this new research is that we don’t have to stop eating grass-fed cattle or sheep. Instead of demonizing cattle and sheep, we need to distinguish between the animals that are part of the problem, namely intensively produced poultry, pork and dairy products, and those that are part of the solution, namely grass-fed ruminants. At the root of the climate change problem is our fossil fuel consumption, this is where we need to take the most ____19____ action. Consider where your meat comes from Shefali Sharma, Director, Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy’s European Office There are ____20____ ways of eating meat. You can begin with knowing the farm your animal came from and what kind of life the animal had. The EU’s organic standard for livestock, for instance, requires that a farm hold no more than two cows per hectare of land. In the UK, there is ____21____ available too, which will tell you if a meat’s been pasture-raised (牧场放养). It’s important to ensure pastures are well-managed and not over-grazed. It’s possible to eat meat and be environmentally and socially ____22____, but it means trying not to buy meat that is mass-produced. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. H 21. D 22. C 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕“我们能否吃肉而不破坏环境”展开，介绍了专家提出的三种环保吃肉方案：减少肉类摄入、食用草饲肉类、关注肉类来源。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：“除非我们彻底改变做法，”Liz说，“肉类行业对我们环境的影响只会持续加剧。”空处位于定冠词the后，需填名词；根据下文“As demand increases, so do greenhouse gas emissions and pollution”可推知，肉类产业规模扩大，对环境造成的影响也随之加深；用名词impact作主语，意为“影响”。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而很多人不知道，比如从牛肉换成吃鸡肉，正在给全球森林带来危机。空处位于动名词causing后，需填名词；根据下文“the destruction of natural ecosystems”可推知，家禽饲料的大量需求导致南美森林被毁，即引发危机；用名词crisis作宾语，意为“危机”。 【18题详解】 考查动名词。句意：所以这不仅仅是用一种肉类替代另一种肉类的问题。空处位于介词of后，需填动名词；根据上一段中“switching from, say, beef to chicken”可推知，此处指用鸡肉替换牛肉的做法；用动词replace的动名词replacing作介词宾语，意为“替代”，构成“replace A with B”结构。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：气候变化问题的根源是化石燃料消耗，这才是我们需要采取最紧急行动的地方。空处修饰名词action，需填形容词；根据上文“At the root of the climate change problem”可推知，化石燃料是根源问题，应对行动最为紧迫；用形容词urgent作定语，意为“紧急的”。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：吃肉可以有负责任的方式。空处修饰名词ways，需填形容词；根据最后一段中“trying not to buy meat that is mass-produced”可推知，作者倡导对环境和社会负责的吃肉方式；用形容词responsible作定语，意为“负责任的”。 【21题详解】 考查动名词。句意：在英国，也有标注可供参考，它会告诉你肉类是否为牧场放养。空处位于there is后，需填名词性词汇；根据“which will tell you if a meat’s been pasture-raised”可推知，此处指肉类包装上的标签标识；用动词label的动名词labeling作主语，意为“标注”。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们吃肉的同时，是可以具备环境与社会意识的，但这意味着尽量不要购买大规模工业化生产的肉类。空处作be动词的表语，需填形容词；根据“it means trying not to buy meat that is mass-produced”可推知，作者认为吃肉时应当对环境和社会有清醒认识；用形容词conscious作表语，意为“有意识的”。 III. Reading Comprehension (43%) Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to Get the Most Out of Your Travel If you’re visiting Florence, Italy, you’ve got to see the world-famous Uffizi Gallery (乌菲兹美术馆). But why? Because that’s what ____23____ does in Florence? Because you feel it’s ____24____ to post a selfie in front of the Italian painter Sandro Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus? Those are obviously ____25____ reasons. We shouldn’t go to places because they’re world-famous; instead, we should go to fully ____26____what made them world-famous. But that requires a well-planned visit, not just following the ____27____, taking pictures and checking it off your wish list. For example, you cannot visit the crown of Lady Liberty (自由女神像的别称) at all without serious ____28____. “On busy days, we’re talking 25,000 people on a small island, and only 500 a day get to the crown,” said Michael Amato, the lead park ranger for the Statue of Liberty National Monument. “Right now we’re sold out until two months later.” So you need to check on what’s available ____29____. Still, a lot can ____30____ before you actually go on the trip. “Keep up to date,” said Jade McKellar, the director of visitor experiences at the Sydney Opera House. “____31____ us on social media and sign up for our newsletter.” Even without a booking, visitors can often buy tickets for events that run 363 days a year. But like many sites, a true visit means spending a full day, something a(n) ____32____ traveler might be unwilling to do. Another reason to set aside more time: Visitors can check out the less famous but equally worthwhile — often beautifully complementary — sites ____33____. Susan Greaney, the senior historian at English Heritage, which is in charge of Stonehenge (巨石阵), ____34____ a trip to the two history museums with Stonehenge-relevant exhibitions. Each of them is less than a 30-minute drive away but likely to be ____35____ on a one-day tour from London. Of course, you can simply ____36____ the world-famous attraction. If you’re ____37____ museums by the time you get to Florence, forget the Uffizi and take advantage of other things Florence offers. Don’t worry about what your friends will think. 23. A. everyone B. somebody C. tradition D. habit 24. A. free B. pleasant C. necessary D. exhausted 25. A. terrible B. odd C. funny D. important 26. A. study B. appreciate C. sense D. control 27. A. example B. order C. advice D. crowd 28. A. testing B. planning C. rethinking D. training 29. A. at a distance B. by chance C. in advance D. on time 30. A. happen B. come C. change D. improve 31. A. Support B. Observe C. Follow D. Inform 32. A. rich B. rushed C. curious D. independent 33. A. home B. overseas C. nearby D. halfway 34. A. recommended B. experienced C. extended D. canceled 35. A. covered B. found C. predicted D. missed 36. A. check B. skip C. replace D. expect 37. A. familiar with B. sick of C. used to D. attracted to 【答案】23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了如何充分享受旅行，指出旅游不应盲目打卡网红景点，而应提前规划、预留充足时间，学会欣赏景点内涵，也可以根据自身情况选择跳过知名景点，游览周边值得一看的地方。 【23题详解】 考查代词和名词。句意：因为这是每个人在佛罗伦萨都会做的事吗？A. everyone每个人；B. somebody某人；C. tradition传统；D. habit习惯。根据上文“If you’re visiting Florence, Italy, you’ve got to see the world-famous Uffizi Gallery (乌菲兹美术馆)”可知，很多人去佛罗伦萨都会打卡乌菲兹美术馆，这是每个人都会做的事。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：还是因为你觉得在意大利画家桑德罗·波提切利的《维纳斯的诞生》前自拍是必要的？A. free免费的；B. pleasant愉快的；C. necessary必要的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据下文“post a selfie in front of the Italian painter Sandro Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus”可知，这是很多游客打卡景点，认为在此自拍是必须完成的事。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些显然是糟糕的理由。A. terrible糟糕的；B. odd古怪的；C. funny有趣的；D. important重要的。根据下文“We shouldn’t go to places because they’re world-famous”可知，作者不认同仅仅因为景点出名就去打卡，前面自拍打卡的理由很糟糕。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们不该因为一处地方举世闻名就前去游览；相反，我们前往那里，是为了充分领略究竟是什么让它们名扬世界。A. study学习；B. appreciate欣赏；C. sense感知；D. control控制。根据上文“We shouldn’t go to places because they’re world-famous”可知，作者认为旅行的目的不是打卡，而是欣赏景点本身的价值。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：但这需要精心规划的行程，而不只是跟着人群、拍照，然后从愿望清单上划掉。A. example例子；B. order命令；C. advice建议；D. crowd人群。根据下文“taking pictures and checking it off your wish list”可知，此处指随大流跟着游客人群打卡景点。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，如果没有认真规划，你根本无法参观自由女神像的皇冠。A. testing测试；B. planning规划；C. rethinking反思；D. training训练。根据下文“Right now we’re sold out until two months later”可知，参观自由女神像皇冠需要提前预约，需要规划。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：所以你需要提前查看可预约的项目。A. at a distance在远处；B. by chance偶然；C. in advance提前；D. on time准时。根据上文“Right now we’re sold out until two months later”可知，门票很早就售罄，所以要提前查询票务。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：不过，在你真正出发旅行前，很多情况可能会发生变化。A. happen发生；B. come到来；C. change改变；D. improve改善。根据下文“Keep up to date”可知，要持续关注最新消息，说明出行前情况有可能改变。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：“在社交媒体上关注我们，订阅我们的新闻简报。”A. Support支持；B. Observe观察；C. Follow关注；D. Inform通知。根据下文“on social media and sign up for our newsletter”可知，在社交平台关注官方账号，获取最新资讯。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但和很多景点一样，真正的游览需要花一整天，行程匆忙的游客可能不愿意这么做。A. rich富有的；B. rushed匆忙的；C. curious好奇的；D. independent独立的。根据上文“a true visit means spending a full day”可知，需要一整天，时间紧张匆忙的游客不愿意花费这么久。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：多预留时间的另一个理由：游客可以去看那些名气不大但同样值得一去，往往可以完美互补的附近景点。A. home在家；B. overseas海外；C. nearby在附近；D. halfway半路上。根据下文“Each of them is less than a 30-minute drive away”可知，两处博物馆车程不到30分钟，就在附近。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：负责巨石阵的英国遗产组织高级历史学家Susan Greaney，推荐游客去两座与巨石阵相关展览的历史博物馆。A. recommended推荐；B. experienced经历；C. extended延长；D. canceled取消。根据上文“Visitors can check out the less famous but equally worthwhile”可知，历史学家向游客推荐这些值得游览的博物馆。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：两处地方车程都不到30分钟，但从伦敦出发的一日游行程很可能会错过它们。A. covered覆盖；B. found找到；C. predicted预测；D. missed错过。根据下文“on a one-day tour from London”可知，伦敦出发一日游时间有限，容易漏掉周边博物馆。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：当然，你完全可以直接跳过这个世界著名景点。A. check核查；B. skip跳过；C. replace替代；D. expect期待。根据下文“forget the Uffizi and take advantage of other things Florence offers”可知，可以不去乌菲兹美术馆，也就是跳过知名景点。 【37题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：如果你到佛罗伦萨的时候已经厌倦博物馆，那就不去乌菲兹，去体验佛罗伦萨其他的事物。A. familiar with熟悉；B. sick of厌倦；C. used to习惯于；D. attracted to被吸引。根据下文“forget the Uffizi”可知，如果厌倦博物馆，就可以放弃参观乌菲兹美术馆。 Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else. 　Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind. 　I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos (老挝). Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair. 　I don’t know the word for “ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head, I looked at her ribbons and said “Beautiful.” She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn’t sure if she understood me (I don’t speak Laotian very well). 　I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs in them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness. 　She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy. 　The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in the marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn’t, of course. 　I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy. 　I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to the floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me! 　There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry. 38. The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer mainly because the woman _______. A. thought that the last offer was reasonable. B. thought she could still make much money. C. was glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining. D. was tired of bargaining with the writer any more. 39. Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts? A. The skirts were cheap and pretty. B. She liked the patterns on the skirts. C. She wanted to do something as compensation (补偿). D. She was getting awfully sick of further bargaining with the woman. 40. When the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because _________. A. she had learned to stay cool and unfeeling. B. she was afraid of crying in public. C. she had learned to face difficulties bravely. D. she had to show in public that she was strong. 41. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again? A. She suddenly felt very sad. B. She was affected by emotion. C. She liked the ribbons so much. D. She felt sorry for the woman. 【答案】38. C 39. C 40. A 41. B 【解析】 【导语】作者讲述了自己在老挝集市和一位卖裙子的妇女讨价还价，买裙子时被对方的善良慷慨打动，最后收到对方悄悄赠送丝带而落泪的故事。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made.(我能用她的语言说寥寥数语，尽管大多只是数字，这让她很高兴，她看出我懂得讨价还价中那种温和的趣味。我们对价格摇头表示不认同，紧接着我再次出价，她又摇头。她十分开心，出人意料地接受了我最后的报价。)”可知，这位妇女接受最后的报价主要是因为她很高兴作者懂得他们讨价还价的方式。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn’t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase.(但是成交得太快了，价格太低。她太过慷慨，赚不到多少钱。我迅速拿起另外两条裙子，按商定好的价格买下三条；这样我就能付给她三倍的钱，不让她因为我多买而再次降价。)”可知，作者买下三条裙子是想做出一些补偿。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段“I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.(我学会了抵御艰难困苦；不知不觉间，我也学会了抵御那些温柔以及本该轻松美好的事物。)”可知，作者离开集市想哭却没有哭，是因为她已经学会保持冷静，不轻易流露情感。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn’t cry.(面对一颗慷慨善良的心，我无法再设防，这一次我失声痛哭，仿佛要弥补过去数月忍住没有流下的泪水。)”可知，作者再次看到裙子时，被妇女慷慨的举动触动情绪，最终哭了。 (B) The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less! City Sightseeing $33/A, $23/C, FREE/T 24 hrs of Unlimited Touring — 9 am to 6 pm Duration: 1 Day (unlimited rides) Attractions: Civic District, Orchard Road, Botanic Gardens, Little India, Chinatown & more along the City & Heritage routes It is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open-top touring system. Spot an interesting place or sight? Simply hop off and walk around and you can continue the tour later by hopping on the next bus. With 1 bus arriving every 20 minutes, the City Sightseeing system links you to major sights, attractions and hotels! * Guests Helpline: 6338-6877 DUCK $33/A, $23/C, $2/T Daily: 9:30 am — 5:30 pm Duration: 60 minutes Ride the original DUCK! Hop on this amphibious (两栖的) craft for a sightseeing tour which covers both land and sea! * Free bus transfer; most popular tour; 1st and original DUCK; unique land & sea adventure * For More Information, call 6338-6859 Night Safari $49/A, $33/C, FREE/T Tour Time: 6:00 pm — 10:00 pm Duration: 4 hours Observe the night activities of the 1,000 over nocturnal (夜行的) animals in the Night Safari – the world’s first wildlife night park, for an adventure you’ll never forget. * Free & Easy with 2-way bus transfer * For More Information, call 6338-6826 Flyer $53/A, $37/C, FREE/T Open Hours: Daily 9:00 am — 9:00 pm Duration: 30 minutes Feast your eyes on Singapore’s magnificent cityscape from a height of 165m on the world’s largest observation wheel. Get your cameras ready as you experience a 360-degree panoramic view of the city and the Marina Bay area. * Free bus transfer; free river transfer * For More Information, call 6338-3311 ☆ A — adult, C — children (3-12), T — toddler (2 & below) 42. Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore? A. Night Safari. B. DUCK. C. City Sightseeing. D. Flyer. 43. If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial ___________ for more information before their tour. A. 6338-6877 B. 6338-6859 C. 6338-3311 D. 6338-6826 44. Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above? A. Education Commission. B. Health Department. C. Transportation Bureau. D. Tourism Bureau. 【答案】42. C 43. D 44. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了新加坡四种观光游览项目的票价、时长、特色以及咨询电话等相关旅游信息。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据City Sightseeing部分“Duration: 1 Day (unlimited rides)(时长：1天，可无限次乘车)”以及“It is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open‑top touring system. Spot an interesting place or sight? Simply hop off and walk around and you can continue the tour later by hopping on the next bus.(借助城市观光敞篷游览系统，轻松游览新加坡。看到有趣的地点或景点？直接下车逛逛，之后可以搭乘下一班巴士继续行程。)”可知，City Sightseeing项目适合只有一天空闲时间游览新加坡的Mary。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据Night Safari部分“Observe the night activities of the 1,000 over nocturnal (夜行的) animals in the Night Safari – the world’s first wildlife night park, for an adventure you’ll never forget.(在夜间野生动物园观赏1000多种夜行动物的夜间活动，这里是世界首个野生动物夜间公园，开启一场令你难忘的探险。)”以及“* For More Information, call 6338-6826(* 欲了解更多信息，拨打6338-6826)”可知，动物爱好者David和他9岁的儿子应该拨打6338-6826了解更多信息。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less!(游览新加坡的绝佳方式。花更少的钱，看更多的风景！)”以及各个小标题“City Sightseeing(城市观光巴士)”、“DUCK(鸭子水陆两栖观光车)”、“Night Safari(夜间野生动物园)”、“Flyer(飞行者摩天轮)”可知，全文介绍了新加坡City Sightseeing、DUCK、Night Safari、Flyer多个游览项目的旅游相关内容，是旅游宣传信息。 (C) To get a sense of how spending in my generation is different from that of my parents’, just consider one simple transaction: a utility bill. When my parents paid their utility bill, they had to take out their chequebook (支票簿), put pen to paper, write a cheque, and then record it in their chequebook. If they did not know how much their utility bill was, they had to be purposefully ignorant. My utility bill is paid automatically from my banking app. For me to know how much my utility bill is, I have to be purposefully diligent. And the truth is, I’m not in most cases. Of course, I’m not just talking about utility bills here. As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore. And that is the problem: By streamlining our personal finances, technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs. However, in doing so, it has broken the connection between the things we buy and the cost of having them. And it is precisely that connection that keeps our financial lives on track — making sure that we save enough and spend our money on the things that really matter. The question now is: How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us? The good news is that whatever is given can be taken back. Much of the battle is simply to recognize what we have lost. After all, we do not miss what we do not know we are missing. The first thing is thus to be aware of how much we are spending by using personal-finance apps. These apps can categorize purchases and send you a spending report. They can detect — and warn you — if a repeated payment is going to get you in trouble. And they can send you a notification when each automatic payment is being made. These real-time tools, used together, are probably better practice than balancing a chequebook on a Saturday morning. The fact, however, is that all of these tools require the user to make a conscious effort to sign up for these services, and to actually use them. And that is where the “stop me before I do something foolish” process must begin. If we millennials want to be smart about our money, it seems to me we have no choice: We need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how we pay. We need to feel the connection between the value of our purchases and the effort it takes to make them. 45. The example mentioned by the author in the first two paragraphs was meant to suggest that _________. A. saving habits vary from generation to generation B. banking apps have quickly developed in recent years C. the younger generation are much lazier than their parents D. the payment process has greatly changed over the past decades 46. The underlined word “streamlining” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_________”. A. analyzing B. controlling C. improving D. simplifying 47. According to the article, which of the following sayings best describes the financial problems that most millennials are facing today? A. Out of sight, out of mind. B. The devil is in the details. C. Rome wasn’t built in a day. D. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks. 48. According to the author, millennials will be able to take back control over their personal finances by _________. A. stopping the use of automatic-paying apps B. setting aside a regular time to pay their bills C. making the best use of personal-finance apps D. thinking twice before making expensive purchases 【答案】45. D 46. D 47. A 48. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技简化了支付流程，但也使千禧一代忽视消费成本，作者提出应对之策。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When my parents paid their utility bill, they had to take out their chequebook (支票簿), put pen to paper, write a cheque, and then record it in their chequebook. .(我父母支付水电费时，他们得拿出支票簿，拿起笔写支票，然后在支票簿上记录）以及第二段中“For me to know how much my utility bill is, I have to be purposefully diligent. ”（我的水电费是从银行应用程序自动支付的。我要知道水电费是多少，就得特意去查看)”可知，通过对比两代人支付水电费方式的不同，表明过去几十年的支付过程发生了很大变化。故选D。 【46题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“As with most millennials, technology has simplified the payment of bills to such an extent that we tend to take it for granted and hardly have to think about it anymore.(和大多数千禧一代一样，科技已经把账单支付简化到了这种程度，以至于我们往往觉得这是理所当然的，几乎不用再考虑了)”以及“technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs.(科技也让我们更容易忽视成本)”可知，科技让个人财务流程变得更简单，“streamlining”意思与“simplifying(简化)”最接近。故选D。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“By streamlining our personal finances, technology has also made it so much easier to ignore the costs. However, in doing so, it has broken the connection between the things we buy and the cost of having them (通过简化我们的个人财务，科技也让人们更容易忽视成本。然而，这样做打破了我们所购买的东西和拥有它们的成本之间的联系)”可知，千禧一代面临的财务问题是因看不到支付过程而忽视成本，“Out of sight, out of mind.(眼不见，心不烦)”最能描述这种情况。故选A。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The first thing is thus to be aware of how much we are spending by using personal-finance apps. These apps can categorize purchases and send you a spending report. They can detect — and warn you — if a repeated payment is going to get you in trouble. And they can send you a notification when each automatic payment is being made.(因此，第一件事就是要通过使用个人理财应用程序来了解我们花了多少钱。这些应用程序可以对购买进行分类，并给你发送支出报告。如果重复付款会给你带来麻烦，它们可以检测到并提醒你。而且每次自动付款时，它们都会给你发送通知)”以及第六段中“The fact, however, is that all of these tools require the user to make a conscious effort to sign up for these services, and to actually use them.(然而，事实是，所有这些工具都需要用户有意识地注册这些服务，并实际使用它们)”可知，千禧一代可以通过充分利用个人理财应用程序来重新掌控个人财务。故选C。 Section C (6%) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A group of kids canoeing in Canada’s Killarney Provincial Park are paddling across a peaceful lake. It is a hot sunny day, and a thirsty boy dips a cooking pot into the water to refill his canteen. In a moment of inattention, the pot slips from his grasp and sinks underwater beyond reach. What is incredible is that the pot is visible all the way down to the lake floor about 15 meters below. It is the mid-1980s. _____49_____ This lake in Ontario, Canada, has been dramatically altered by acid rain. Almost every living thing in the water — including the tiny algae (海藻) that would normally block light from reaching the depths — was gone, leaving the water here and in lakes across the region a beautiful but lifeless aquamarine. If we look back today, there is little argument that the cause of acid rain is sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released as a result of fossil fuel combustion (化石燃料的燃烧) from cars and industrial facilities. We know this now. _____50_____ “There were lots of deniers of acid rain,” says Gene Likens, now a retired professor of ecology. At the time, he remembers giving public lectures on the topic. On occasion someone would stand up, rudely interrupt him, and say they did not believe in acid rain. From its discovery in 1963 to the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1990, legislative action on acid rain took a total of 27 years. _____51_____ The first international dispute over acid rain was the United States accusing Canada of acidifying lakes in the boundary waters. When all of the data was put on the table, it became obvious that the United States was responsible for producing more than half the acid rain that had collected in Canada’s lakes. This led to action on acid rain on both sides of the Canada-U.S. border. Though aspects of its legacy remain, solutions to the acid rain problem moved forward, in North America at least, because it became a non-partisan (无党派的) issue. Are there parallels between efforts to curb acid rain and strategies for action on climate change? Tackling acid rain in North America required action in two neighboring countries. But for climate change, the challenge is broader and solutions must be global. _____52_____ Both require cutting-edge science, media coverage, and the finding of common ground in the building of coalitions (联盟) between opposing parties. A. For a long time, however, acid rain was a puzzle. B. Nevertheless, the two issues do share similarities. C. There is an unfortunate explanation for this water clarity. D. Over this period of time, many a cross-border argument erupted. E. Like with climate change, there were many powerful people involved. F. During its worst stages, acid rain had harmed human health in America. 【答案】49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 【解析】 【导语】文章以加拿大湖泊因酸雨而异常清澈的现象引入，介绍了酸雨的成因、人们曾经对酸雨的质疑、加美两国之间的跨国争端，并将治理酸雨的经验与应对气候变化的策略进行对比。 【49题详解】 上文“What is incredible is that the pot is visible all the way down to the lake floor about 15 meters below.(令人难以置信的是，这个锅一直到大约15米深的湖底都清晰可见)”描述了湖水异常清澈、锅沉入湖底仍清晰可见的现象，C选项“There is an unfortunate explanation for this water clarity.(湖水如此清澈，背后有一个令人遗憾的缘由)”承接上文，指出这种清澈背后有一个令人遗憾的解释；下文“This lake in Ontario, Canada, has been dramatically altered by acid rain. Almost every living thing in the water — including the tiny algae (海藻) that would normally block light from reaching the depths — was gone, leaving the water here and in lakes across the region a beautiful but lifeless aquamarine.(加拿大安大略省的这个湖泊已经被酸雨极大地改变了。水中几乎所有的生物——包括通常阻挡光线到达深处的微小海藻——都消失了，使这里和整个地区的湖泊呈现出美丽但毫无生气的蓝绿色)”具体解释了“令人遗憾的缘由”——酸雨导致水中生物消失，水体失去生命力，与C选项中的“unfortunate explanation”和“water clarity”直接呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【50题详解】 上文“We know this now.(我们现在知道这一点了)”指出现在人们已经了解酸雨的成因，A选项“For a long time, however, acid rain was a puzzle.(然而，在很长一段时间里，酸雨都是一个谜团)”与上文构成转折关系，指出过去人们长期不了解酸雨；下文““There were lots of deniers of acid rain,” says Gene Likens, now a retired professor of ecology.(“有很多人否认酸雨的存在，”现在已退休的生态学教授Gene Likens说)”具体说明了当时人们对酸雨的质疑和否认，与A选项中的“a puzzle”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【51题详解】 下文“The first international dispute over acid rain was the United States accusing Canada of acidifying lakes in the boundary waters. When all of the data was put on the table, it became obvious that the United States was responsible for producing more than half the acid rain that had collected in Canada’s lakes. This led to action on acid rain on both sides of the Canada-U.S. border.(第一场关于酸雨的国际争端是美国指责加拿大让边界水域的湖泊酸化。当所有数据摆在桌面上时，很明显美国对加拿大湖泊中收集的一半以上酸雨负有责任。这促使加拿大和美国边境两侧都采取了酸雨治理行动)”描述了酸雨引发的跨国争端及后续行动，D选项“Over this period of time, many a cross-border argument erupted.(在这一时期，许多跨国争端爆发了)”承接下文，概括了本段的核心内容——酸雨问题引发了多起跨国争端，与下文中的“international dispute”和“cross-border”直接呼应，符合段落主题句的功能。 【52题详解】 上文“Tackling acid rain in North America required action in two neighboring countries. But for climate change, the challenge is broader and solutions must be global.(在北美治理酸雨需要两个邻国共同采取行动。但对于气候变化而言，挑战范围更广，解决方案必须是全球性的)”指出了酸雨和气候变化两个问题在应对范围上的差异，B选项“Nevertheless, the two issues do share similarities.(尽管如此，这两个问题确实存在相似之处)”与上文构成转折关系，指出尽管存在差异，两个问题仍有相似之处；下文“Both require cutting-edge science, media coverage, and the finding of common ground in the building of coalitions (联盟) between opposing parties.(两者都需要前沿科学、媒体报道，并且要在对立党派建立联盟时找到共同点)”具体说明了两者的相似之处，与B选项中的“share similarities”和“the two issues”直接呼应，上下文语意连贯。 第 II 卷 (20分) I. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs given. (1.5*4 6%) 53. Although the countries involved have had rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far on the issue. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been reached 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管相关国家已经进行了多轮谈判，但到目前为止，该问题尚未达成任何协议。 根据时间状语so far可知， 此处应用现在完成时；agreement和reach是被动关系，且主语agreement为单数形式，所以用现在完成时的被动语态has been reached。 54. The big room ________ (measure) about 8 meters across. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】measures 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个大房间宽约8米。句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；measure表示“（某物）尺寸为……”，是不及物动词，无被动语态，且主语the big room为单数，谓语用单数形式measures。 55. By the time he graduated from college, he ___________ (publish) at least three books. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had published 【解析】 【详解】句意：到他大学毕业的时候，他已经出版了至少三本书。 根据“By the time he graduated from college”可知，主句动作发生在毕业之前，是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时had published。 56. —Hey, Mike! I haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? — I went to Tibet and ___________ (stay) there for one year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stayed 【解析】 【详解】句意：——嘿，迈克！好久不见！你去哪了？ ——我去了西藏，在那里待了一年。 and连接并列谓语，前面是一般过去时went，时态保持一致，stay用过去式stayed。 II. Translation (14%) (3+3+4+4) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 57. 在我看来，南京路是以一座历史悠久的城市的名字命名的。 (perspective，name v.)（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】From my perspective, Nanjing Road was named after a city with a long history. 【解析】 【详解】结合提示词，“在我看来”应用介词短语From my perspective，作评注性状语；主语“南京路”译为专有名词Nanjing Road；“以……命名”可用动词短语be named after，动词发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态was named after；宾语“一座历史悠久的城市”译为a city with a long history，其中介词短语作后置定语修饰city。 58. 对待长者的态度在特定的中国文化中非常重要。（importance）(汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Attitudes toward(s) the elders are of great importance in the particular culture of China. 【解析】 【详解】“对待……的态度”用固定搭配attitudes toward(s)，“长者”用the elders指代老年群体；“非常重要”使用提示词importance，用固定结构be of great importance，本句陈述客观常识，用一般现在时，主语the attitudes为复数名词，be动词用are；“在特定的中国文化中”可表达为介词短语in the particular culture of China，作地点状语置于句末。 59. 这些爱尔兰移民有一个共同点，他们不会为自己的贫困而羞愧。(common, ashamed) (汉译英) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】These Irish immigrants have one thing in common that/and they are not ashamed of their poverty. 【解析】 【详解】“这些爱尔兰移民有一个共同点”是主句，主语“这些爱尔兰移民”译为名词词组These Irish immigrants，谓语“有”译为动词have，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，结合提示词common，宾语“一个共同点”译为名词词组one thing in common；“他们不会为自己的贫困而羞愧”可处理为同位语从句或并列分句，用that或and连接，其中主语“他们”译为代词they，“为……而羞愧”用固定短语be ashamed of，描述客观事实用一般现在时态are ashamed of，否定形式为are not ashamed of，宾语“自己的贫困”译为名词词组their poverty。 60. 他总是会和朋友分享他的生活，因为他热衷于在手机上录制关于他的日常的短视频并上传到网络。（typical）（汉译英） _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s typical of him to share his life with friends, since he is keen on recording short video clips about his daily life on his phone and uploading them onto the internet. 【解析】 【详解】“他总是会和朋友分享他的生活”是主句，结合中文提示，表示“他总是会……”可用固定句型It’s typical of him to do...，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，描述习惯性行为用一般现在时态，主语“和朋友分享他的生活”译为不定式短语to share his life with friends；“因为他热衷于在手机上录制关于他的日常的短视频并上传到网络”作原因状语，可处理为since引导的原因状语从句，从句主语“他”译为代词he，“热衷于”译为固定短语be keen on，描述客观事实用一般现在时态is keen on，宾语“录制关于他的日常的短视频”译为动名词短语recording short video clips about his daily life，并列宾语“上传到网络”译为动名词短语uploading them onto the internet，两者用and连接。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $