Unit 3 Sports and fitness Reading and Thinking 阅读语言点导学案 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading 语言点导学案 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 日期：__________ 老师的话 同学们，这篇课文讲的是两位体坛传奇——郎平和乔丹。一个是中国女排的定海神针，一个是篮球场上的飞人。两个人的故事不一样，但精神是一样的：遇到困难不放弃，从失败里学东西。 这节课我们要搞定10个核心词、2个语法点。我讲的时候你们注意听，该记的记在旁边，别光看不动手。这单元的词看着简单，但坑多——master的所有格、lose heart加不加物主代词、give的四个短语，全是考试爱考的，我一个一个给你们点出来。 所有练习都绑定课文，做完这张学案，郎平和乔丹的故事和语言点就全串起来了。好，开始。 一、这节课要搞定什么 1. 十个核心词：master、honour、determination、fall apart、injure、lose heart、stand still、strength、failure、give up。 2. 两个语法点：定语从句（who/that 引导）、系动词 + 形容词（stand/sit/lie/go/run/rise，这六个词后面跟形容词不是副词！）。 3. 会用这些词块写一篇80词左右的小短文，写你喜欢的运动员或者一次难忘的比赛。 二、课前热身·读课文填原句 先把课文过一遍，下面十句全是原文，按课文顺序走：前六句是郎平的故事，后四句是乔丹的故事。试着填，填不出来的翻书，别空着。 1. They must be athletes who are __________（高手）in their sports and also set good examples for others. 2. As a player, Lang Ping brought __________（荣誉）and glory to her country. 3. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her __________（决心）was tested. 4. The team that Lang Ping had built was __________ __________（崩溃）. 5. One of the best players had been __________（受伤）, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 6. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not __________ __________（失去信心）. 7. When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to __________ __________（静止）. 8. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental __________（力量）that he showed made him unique. 9. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his __________（失败）. 10. Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________ __________（放弃）. 三、十个语言点，一个个来 每个点先看课文里怎么用的，我讲用法，然后做两道题——一道回扣课文，一道往高考延伸。讲的时候注意听，我会把易错点都给你们标出来。 点1 master 高手；主人 / 精通；掌握 【课文原句】They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. master 这个词意思多，名词动词都能用，一个个来，都听好了。 作名词：①高手；主人，可数名词。a master in/of... 某方面的高手。②硕士，a master's degree 硕士学位——注意了，master 要用所有格形式，别漏了那个 's，考试改错就爱考这个。 作动词：精通；掌握，及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。master a foreign language 精通一门外语。 课文里 who are masters in their sports 是 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 athletes，who 在从句中作主语。这个句型结构要看得出来，别翻译的时候乱了。 set good examples for others 为他人树立好榜样，这个短语作文里好用，记一下，写人物介绍的时候能用上。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) Lang Ping is a __________（高手）in volleyball coaching. (2) 如果你想精通一门外语，就应该经常练习和使用它。（翻译，master 这里是动词还是名词？） 【往高考延伸】 (1) My grandma is a master __________ paper-cutting.（介词填空，某方面的高手用什么介词？in 和 of 都可以，记一下） (2) She got a __________ (master) degree in physics from Beijing University.（名词所有格，硕士学位怎么说？别漏了 's） 点2 honour 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 【课文原句】As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. honour 作名词是“荣誉；尊敬；荣幸”。作“荣誉”讲时不可数，但表示“一件荣幸的事”时要加 an——比如 It is an honour to do sth.，这个冠词 an 别丢了。 两个高频搭配，必须记住，考试就考这两个： ① in honour of 为纪念……；向……表示敬意。比如 a party in honour of the great scientist 为这位伟大科学家举办的晚会。 ② feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸。honoured 是形容词，“感到荣幸的”——注意了，是 honoured，不是 honouring，跟 shocked/shocking 一个道理，ed 修饰人，ing 修饰物。 作动词是“尊敬；给……以荣誉”，被动语态 be honoured 被授予荣誉。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) Lang Ping brought __________（荣誉）and glory to her country as a player. (2) I feel greatly __________（荣幸）to become your friend.（用 honour 的什么形式？想想 ed 修饰人还是 ing 修饰人） 【往高考延伸】 (1) The foundation is holding a dinner __________ honour of the great artist.（介词填空，固定搭配） (2) It is __________ great honour to be invited here today.（冠词填空，honour 这里是“一件荣幸的事”，可数） 点3 determination 决心 / determine·determined 【课文原句】When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. determination 名词，决心；果断。When 引导时间状语从句，主句是 her determination was tested——“她的决心受到了考验”，被动语态，注意是 was tested 不是 tested。 同根词三个，都要会，别只记一个名词： determine 动词，决定；确定。determine to do sth. 决定做某事；determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定做某事。 determined 形容词，坚决的；有决心的。a determined look 坚定的眼神；be determined to do sth. 决心做某事。 注意了：determine to do 强调动作，be determined to do 强调状态。做题时看语境——如果是“他决定去”用 determined to do，如果是“他决心已定”用 be determined to do。 还有一个考点：分词作状语。Determined to catch up with others, he studied harder. 这里用 Determined 不用 Determining，因为是 be determined to do 的省略，强调状态。这个语法填空考过，记住。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her __________（决心）was tested. (2) The __________（坚定的）look on his face showed that he had enough confidence.（用 determine 的什么形式？修饰名词 look 用形容词） 【往高考延伸】 (1) I have determined __________ working as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.（介词填空，determine 后面跟什么介词？on/upon） (2) __________ (determine) to catch up with others, he studied harder than ever.（分词作状语，想想 be determined to do，用现在分词还是过去分词？） 点4 fall apart 崩溃；破裂；散架 【课文原句】The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. fall apart 破裂；破碎；散开。课文里说“由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘”，was falling apart 过去进行时，表示正在崩溃、快要散了。 that Lang Ping had built 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 The team，that 在从句中作宾语（built 的宾语），可以省略。这个句型要看得出来。 fall 的短语拓展，都记一下，完形常考，别到时候认不出来： fall ill 生病；fall fast asleep 很快熟睡；fall behind 落后；fall in love with 爱上；fall over 跌倒。 注意了：fall 的过去式是 fell，过去分词是 fallen。别写成 falled，没有这个词！ 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) The team that Lang Ping had built was __________ __________（崩溃）. (2) If you don't come to class regularly, you will __________ __________（落后）in your studies. 【往高考延伸】翻译句子 (1) 地震中很多楼房倒塌了。（fall apart 可以表示建筑物散架倒塌，注意过去式 fell） (2) 成功的第一要素就是热爱你的事业。（注意：the first thing to do is to do sth.，be 动词后面跟不定式 to do，别直接跟动词原形 fall！这个错我上一版已经标出来了，别再犯） 点5 injure 使受伤；损害 / injury·the injured 【课文原句】One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. injure 及物动词，使……受伤；损害。过去式和过去分词都是 injured。be injured 受伤。 两个重点，考试就考这两个： ① the injured 伤员，指一类人，谓语动词用复数。跟 the rich（富人）、the poor（穷人）、the old（老人）一个用法——the + 形容词表示一类人。这个语法填空考过。 ② injury 名词，伤害；损伤。do an injury to sb. 伤害某人。 because of 因为，后面跟名词或代词——跟 because 区分开：because 后面跟从句，because of 后面跟名词。这个改错常考，别搞混了。课文里 because of heart problems，heart problems 是名词短语，所以用 because of。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) One of the best players had been __________（受伤）. (2) An ambulance rushed the __________（伤员）to the hospital.（the + 形容词表示一类人，谓语用复数） 【往高考延伸】 (1) Dogs' owners should be responsible if their pets do an __________ (injure) to other people.（词性转换，do an 后面需要名词还是形容词？） (2) He __________ (injure) his arm in the accident yesterday.（时态，yesterday 用一般过去时，injure 的过去式是什么？） 点6 lose heart 失去信心；气馁 / heart 短语 【课文原句】Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. lose heart 泄气；丧失信心，固定短语——注意了，heart 前面不加物主代词！这个点改错常考，别写成 lose his heart，意思完全不一样。 两个跟 heart 有关的短语，别搞混，就看有没有物主代词： ① lose heart 泄气；丧失信心（heart 前不加物主代词，没有“谁的心”，就是抽象的“信心”） ② lose one's heart to 爱上；喜欢上（有物主代词 one's，意思是“把某人的心给了……”，就是爱上） 就这么记：有物主代词就是“爱上”，没有就是“泄气”。考试的时候先看有没有 his/her/my，有就往“爱上”想，没有就往“泄气”想。 其他 heart 短语也顺便记：put one's heart into sth. 一心扑在……上；learn sth. by heart 记牢；break one's heart 使某人伤心。 Losing two important players 是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数 was。动名词作主语这个语法点要知道，别看到 Losing 就以为是现在进行时。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not __________ __________（失去信心）.（注意：不加物主代词！） (2) 面对困难，他从不气馁。（翻译，lose heart 前面加不加物主代词？） 【往高考延伸】 (1) As an old saying goes, “Nothing is too hard if you __________ __________ __________ __________（一心扑在上面）.”（这里有物主代词 your，因为是 put one's heart into） (2) He didn't keep his promise to marry her, which __________ __________ __________（令她伤心）.（break one's heart，过去式 broke） 点7 stand still 静止；凝固 / 系动词 + 形容词 【课文原句】When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still. stand still 静止不动；凝固。still 在这里是形容词，“静止的；不动的”，不是副词“仍然”——注意了，别看到 still 就以为是副词。stand 在这里作系动词，后面跟形容词 still 作表语。 重点来了，这个语法填空必考：以下动词可以作系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，描述主语的状态： stand（处于某种状态）、sit（坐着）、lie（躺着）、go（变得）、run（变得）、rise（升起时呈现某种状态）。 比如：The house stood empty. 房子空着。He sat silent. 他沉默地坐着。He lay awake. 他躺着睡不着。The milk went bad. 牛奶坏了。The river ran dry. 河流干涸了。The sun rose red. 太阳升起红艳艳。 听好了：这些都是系动词 + 形容词的结构，别以为是动词 + 副词！语法填空考词性转换的时候，这里要填形容词，不是副词！比如 The sun rises ______ (red)，要填 red 不是 redly。这个错太多人犯了，记住。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to __________ __________（静止）. (2) 那所房子空了好长一段时间。（翻译，stand 作系动词 + 形容词，empty 是形容词不是副词） 【往高考延伸】翻译句子 (1) 太阳升起红艳艳。（rise 作系动词 + 形容词，填 red 不是 redly！） (2) 河流开始干涸。（run 作系动词 + 形容词，dry 是形容词） 点8 strength 力量；体力；强项 / strengthen 【课文原句】Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. strength 名词，力量；体力；强项；优势。mental strength 精神力量。 三个高频用法，都要会： ① strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处；优势和劣势——注意了，这里 strength 用复数，表示“强项”，是可数的。别只知道 strength 不可数，它表示“强项”时是可数的。 ② The strength of... is that... ……的优点是……。 ③ build up one's strength 强身健体；增强体力。 派生词：strengthen 动词，加强；增强。比如 strengthen new memories 增强新的记忆力。-en 是动词后缀，类似的还有 widen（加宽）、deepen（加深）、shorten（缩短）——这个构词法考过，记一下。 that he showed 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 the mental strength，that 在从句中作宾语（showed 的宾语），可以省略。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) The mental __________（力量）that Jordan showed made him unique. (2) 每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。（翻译，注意 strength 用复数还是单数？strengths and weaknesses） 【往高考延伸】翻译句子 (1) 练太极不仅能增强体质，还能培养一个人的性格。（注意：Not only 放句首倒装时，but also 后面要有完整的主谓结构 it can also，别直接跟动词 develop！或者用正常语序 not only...but also... 共用主语。这个错上一版已经标出来了，别再犯） (2) Sleep helps us __________ (strength) new memories.（词性转换，help sb. do sth.，需要动词还是名词？strengthen） 点9 failure 失败 / fail 【课文原句】Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. failure 名词，失败；失败的人或事。作“失败”讲时不可数，作“失败的人或事”讲时可数。课文里 failures 用复数，表示“一次次失败的经历”——乔丹不是失败一次，是从很多次失败里学东西，所以用复数。 that the secret to his success is learning from his failures 是 that 引导的宾语从句，作 says 的宾语。that 在宾语从句中不充当成分，可以省略。 the secret to one's success 某人成功的秘诀——注意了，介词是 to，不是 of！这个改错常考，别写成 the secret of success。 fail 动词，两个重点用法： ① fail to do sth. 没能做某事。比如 fail to pass the test 考试没及格。 ② fail sb. 让某人失望；使某人不及格。比如 Words failed me. 我无法用语言表达（字面意思是“语言让我失望了”，就是说不出话）。His health is failing. 他的身体日渐衰弱。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his __________（失败）.（用单数还是复数？一次次失败的经历） (2) 失败乃成功之母。（翻译，failure 作主语，这里是不可数名词“失败”） 【往高考延伸】翻译句子 (1) 她没能信守诺言。（fail to do sth.，注意时态） (2) 他的视力衰退得很快。（fail 表示“衰退”，用进行时 was failing） 点10 give up 放弃 / give 短语辨析 【课文原句】Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. give up 放弃，后面跟名词或动名词。give up doing sth. 放弃做某事——注意了，代词作宾语时放中间：give it up，别写成 give up it！这个改错常考。 give 的短语辨析，完形和语法填空都爱考，四个必须分清，我给你们编个口诀： ① give up 放弃（up 向上，手一抬就放弃了） ② give in 屈服；让步（in 进去，让进去了就是屈服了，后面跟 to sb./sth.） ③ give away 泄露；捐赠；赠送（away 离开，东西离开了你就是捐了/送了，秘密离开了你就是泄露了） ④ give off 发出（气味、光、热等）（off 出来，气味从里面出来就是发出） 做题时看意思：放弃用 up，屈服用 in，泄露捐赠用 away，发出气味用 off。就这么记，不会错。 Losing games taught him to practise harder 是 teach sb. to do sth. 结构，“教会某人做某事”。Losing games 是动名词作主语。 【回扣课文】完成句子（结合课文） (1) Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________ __________（放弃）. (2) I know smoking is bad for health, but I simply can't __________ __________ __________（戒掉它）.（注意代词 it 放中间还是后面？） 【往高考延伸】用 up/in/away/off 填空 (1) He gave __________ much money to the flood-hit areas.（捐赠，东西离开了你） (2) Never give __________ hope. Sunshine always exists.（放弃） (3) The rotting bananas are giving __________ a bad smell.（发出气味，气味从里面出来） (4) Never give __________ to difficulty.（屈服，后面跟 to） 四、构词法小专题：四组词要分清 这单元的派生词和易混词集中在四组，整理成表对比着记，别搞混了。考试前再过一遍。 词根 派生词 词性 & 意思 课文里的搭配 master master n. 高手；主人 / v. 精通 a master in their sports honour honoured adj. 感到荣幸的 feel honoured to do determine determination n. 决心 her determination was tested determine determined adj. 坚决的 a determined look injure injury n. 伤害 do an injury to sb. strength strengthen v. 加强；增强 strengthen new memories fail failure n. 失败 learn from his failures 【练一练】用括号内词的正确形式填空 (1) I feel __________ (honour) to have been mentioned in his speech.（修饰人，用 ed 还是 ing？） (2) It was his courage and __________ (determine) that made him face the challenge bravely.（and 并列，前面是名词 courage，后面也需要名词） (3) Sleep helps us __________ (strength) new memories.（help sb. do sth.，需要动词还是名词？） (4) We should learn from __________ (fail) and never give up.（介词 from 后面需要名词还是动词？） (5) The __________ (injure) were immediately sent to hospital.（the + 形容词表示一类人，用什么形式？） (6) He lifted the stone with all his __________ (strong).（形容词性物主代词 his 后面需要名词还是形容词？） 五、巩固提升 Ⅰ. 课文缩写语篇填空 下面是课文的缩写版，10个空，把这单元的点全串起来了。前半段是郎平，后半段是乔丹。做完这道题，整篇课文的脉络就清楚了。考试前再过一遍。 Lang Ping is a living legend. As a player, she brought (1)__________（荣誉）and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women's volleyball team to gold medals. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her (2)__________（决心）was tested. The team that she had built was (3)__________ __________（崩溃）. One of the best players had been (4)__________（受伤）, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. But Lang Ping did not (5)__________ __________（失去信心）. She worked hard, and finally the team won the World Cup. Michael Jordan is another living legend. When his feet left the ground, time seemed to (6)__________ __________（静止）. His skills were impressive, but the mental (7)__________（力量）that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his (8)__________（失败）. Losing games taught him to practise harder and never (9)__________ __________（放弃）. These (10)__________（高手）in their sports have set good examples for others. Ⅱ. 课文句子翻译 1. 作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣耀。（bring...to...） 2. 由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。（fall apart，注意定语从句和过去进行时） 3. 损失两大主力队员是个巨大的挑战，但郎平没有失去信心。（lose heart，注意不加物主代词！） 4. 乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为独一无二的球星。（mental strength） 5. 乔丹说他的成功秘诀在于吸取失败的教训。（the secret to，注意介词是 to 不是 of！） 6. 赛场上的失利教会他要更加努力地训练和决不放弃。（give up） 六、动笔写一写 请写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍你最喜欢的运动员（可以是郎平、乔丹，也可以是其他人）。 要求：至少用上5个本单元词块（master, honour, determination, fall apart, injure, lose heart, strength, failure, give up, set an example 等）。 按这个思路搭框架，别乱写： 开头——运动员是谁，什么项目（master / set an example） 中间——遇到的困难和挑战（injure / fall apart / lose heart / failure） 结尾——如何克服，取得了什么成就（determination / strength / give up / honour） 参考答案 答案都在这了，自己对一下。错的题回去看对应的语言点，别光抄答案——抄答案没用，得搞清楚为什么错。 二、课前热身 答案 1. masters master 高手，are 后面用复数 masters。 2. honour honour 荣誉，不可数名词，bring honour to 为……带来荣誉。 3. determination determination 决心，名词，her determination 她的决心。 4. falling apart fall apart 崩溃，was falling apart 过去进行时，表示正在崩溃。 5. injured be injured 受伤，过去完成时被动 had been injured。 6. lose heart lose heart 失去信心，前面不加物主代词，别写成 lose her heart。 7. stand still stand still 静止，seem to 后接原形，still 是形容词作表语。 8. strength strength 力量，mental strength 精神力量。 9. failures failure 失败，这里用复数表示“一次次失败的经历”。 10. give up give up 放弃，teach sb. to do sth. 结构。 三、课堂探究 答案 点1 master 回扣(1)：master a master in volleyball coaching 排球教练高手，master 名词。 回扣(2)：If you want to master a foreign language, you should often practise and use it. master 作动词，精通，及物动词直接跟宾语。 拓展(1)：of/in a master of/in sth. 某方面的高手，of 和 in 都可以。 拓展(2)：master's a master's degree 硕士学位，master 用所有格形式，别漏了 's。 点2 honour 回扣(1)：honour honour 荣誉，不可数名词，bring honour to 为……带来荣誉。 回扣(2)：honoured feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸，ed 修饰人。 拓展(1)：in in honour of 为纪念……；向……表示敬意，固定搭配。 拓展(2)：a It is a great honour to do sth. 做某事是一件荣幸的事，honour 这里是可数名词“一件荣幸的事”。 点3 determination 回扣(1)：determination determination 决心，名词，her determination 她的决心。 回扣(2)：determined a determined look 坚定的眼神，修饰名词 look 用形容词 determined。 拓展(1)：on/upon determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定做某事，固定搭配。 拓展(2)：Determined 过去分词作状语，be determined to do sth.，省略 be 动词用 Determined。别写成 Determining，因为这里强调状态不是动作。 点4 fall apart 回扣(1)：falling apart fall apart 崩溃，was falling apart 过去进行时。 回扣(2)：fall behind fall behind 落后，固定短语。 拓展(1)：Many buildings fell apart in the earthquake. fall apart 散架；倒塌，过去式 fell apart，别写成 falled。 拓展(2)：To succeed, the first thing to do is to fall in love with your work. the first thing to do is to do sth.，be 动词后面跟不定式 to do，别直接跟动词原形 fall！原学案答案 is fall 是错的。 点5 injure 回扣(1)：injured be injured 受伤，过去完成时被动 had been injured。 回扣(2)：injured the injured 伤员，the + 形容词表示一类人，谓语用复数。 拓展(1)：injury do an injury to sb. 伤害某人，an 后面需要名词 injury。 拓展(2)：injured yesterday 用一般过去时，injure 的过去式 injured。 点6 lose heart 回扣(1)：lose heart lose heart 失去信心，前面不加物主代词，别写成 lose her heart。 回扣(2)：Faced with difficulty, he never loses heart. lose heart 泄气，heart 前不加物主代词。 拓展(1)：put your heart into it put one's heart into sth. 一心扑在……上，这里有物主代词 your。 拓展(2)：broke her heart break one's heart 使某人伤心，过去式 broke。 点7 stand still 回扣(1)：stand still stand still 静止，seem to 后接原形，still 是形容词作表语，不是副词。 回扣(2)：The house stood empty for a long time. stand 作系动词，后面跟形容词 empty 作表语，别写成 emptily。 拓展(1)：The sun rises red. rise 作系动词，后面跟形容词 red 作表语，别写成 redly！ 拓展(2)：The rivers began to run dry. run 作系动词，后面跟形容词 dry 作表语。 点8 strength 回扣(1)：strength strength 力量，mental strength 精神力量。 回扣(2)：Everyone has his strengths and weaknesses. strengths and weaknesses 长处和短处，strength 用复数。 拓展(1)：Practising Tai Chi can not only build up one's strength but also develop one's character. / Not only can practising Tai Chi build up one's strength, but it can also develop one's character. 正常语序 not only...but also... 共用主语；倒装语序 Not only 在句首时，but also 后面要有完整主谓 it can also，别直接跟 develop！原学案答案 but also develop 是错的。 拓展(2)：strengthen help sb. do sth.，需要动词 strengthen（加强；增强）。 点9 failure 回扣(1)：failures failure 失败，这里用复数表示“一次次失败的经历”。 回扣(2)：Failure is the mother of success. failure 作主语，不可数名词“失败”。 拓展(1)：She failed to keep her word. fail to do sth. 没能做某事，过去式 failed。 拓展(2)：His eyesight was failing rapidly. fail 表示“衰退”，用过去进行时 was failing。 点10 give up 回扣(1)：give up give up 放弃，teach sb. to do sth. 结构。 回扣(2)：give it up give up 放弃，代词 it 放中间，别写成 give up it。 拓展(1)：away give away 捐赠；赠送。 拓展(2)：up give up 放弃。 拓展(3)：off give off 发出（气味、光、热等）。 拓展(4)：in give in 屈服；让步，后面跟 to。 四、构词法 答案 (1) honoured feel honoured to do sth.，ed 修饰人，表示“感到荣幸的”。 (2) determination and 并列，前面是名词 courage，后面也需要名词 determination。 (3) strengthen help sb. do sth.，需要动词 strengthen（加强；增强）。 (4) failures/failure 介词 from 后面需要名词，failure 失败，可用复数表示一次次失败。 (5) injured the injured 伤员，the + 形容词表示一类人。 (6) strength 形容词性物主代词 his 后面需要名词 strength（力气）。 五、巩固提升 答案 Ⅰ. 语篇填空 (1) honour honour 荣誉，bring honour to 为……带来荣誉。 (2) determination determination 决心，名词。 (3) falling apart fall apart 崩溃，was falling apart 过去进行时。 (4) injured be injured 受伤，过去完成时被动 had been injured。 (5) lose heart lose heart 失去信心，前面不加物主代词。 (6) stand still stand still 静止，seem to 后接原形。 (7) strength strength 力量，mental strength 精神力量。 (8) failures failure 失败，用复数表示一次次失败的经历。 (9) give up give up 放弃。 (10) masters master 高手，these 后面用复数 masters。 Ⅱ. 翻译 1. As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. bring...to... 为……带来……，honour and glory 荣耀。 2. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. that 引导定语从句修饰 The team，fall apart 崩溃，过去进行时 was falling apart。 3. Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. 动名词 Losing 作主语谓语用单数 was；lose heart 失去信心，前面不加物主代词。 4. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. mental strength 精神力量；that 引导定语从句修饰 strength，作宾语可省略。 5. Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. the secret to one's success 某人成功的秘诀，介词是 to 不是 of。 6. Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. teach sb. to do sth. 教会某人做某事；give up 放弃。 六、动笔写一写 答案 参考范文（介绍郎平，约85词，加粗处为本单元词块）： Lang Ping is my favourite athlete. She is a true master of volleyball and has set a good example for us all. In 2015, the team she had built was falling apart, and one of the best players was injured. Faced with such a big challenge, she did not lose heart. With great determination and mental strength, she kept working hard and never gave up. Finally, she led the team to win the World Cup and brought honour to our country. 词块覆盖：master, set a good example, fall apart, injure, lose heart, determination, strength, give up, honour 共9处，满足"至少5个"的要求。 写作思路：开头点明人物身份（master / set an example），中间写2015年球队濒临崩溃、主力受伤的困境（fall apart / injure / lose heart），结尾写凭借决心和精神力量坚持并最终夺冠（determination / strength / give up / honour），三段式与题目给出的框架完全对应。 提示：学生也可以写乔丹或自己喜欢的运动员，只要按"身份—困境—克服—成就"的框架套用本单元词块即可，不必照抄范文。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $