考前押题01 阅读理解4大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期北师大版

考前押题01 阅读理解4大常考话题 话题1 幽默 话题2 教育 话题3 多媒体 话题4 环境保护 ① 通读篇章，理清文章主旨、段落逻辑与作者态度； ② 细节理解题：定位原文找题干关键词，比对选项，谨防偷换概念、扩大缩小范围、无中生有； ③ 词义猜测题：依托上下文语境线索（转折、因果、举例、同义反义）推断词义，不要凭固有主观印象； ④ 主旨大意题：重点看首尾段、段落主题句，区分局部细节和全文主旨，排除以偏概全选项。 话题1 幽默（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·黑龙江绥化·期中）Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. Firstly, humor helps reduce stress. When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. Secondly, humor strengthens relationships. Sharing a laugh with friends, family, or colleagues can create a friendly and warm atmosphere, making people closer to each other. It helps resolve small conflicts and makes communication smoother. However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. In conclusion, humor is a valuable skill that everyone should develop. It can improve our well-being, enhance our relationships, and make life more enjoyable. We should learn to find humor in daily life and use it wisely. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to tell funny jokes. B．The importance and benefits of humor. C．How to use humor in serious situations. D．The differences between humor and jokes. 2．How does humor help reduce stress? A．By resolving big conflicts. B．By improving communication skills. C．By releasing endorphins in the body. D．By creating a friendly atmosphere. 3．What do some people think about humor? A．It is suitable for all situations. B．It is not proper in serious moments. C．It can only be used among friends. D．It is difficult to develop. 4．The example in Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A．teachers should tell jokes to students every day B．exams are always stressful for students C．humor can be used in difficult situations D．students need to relax before exams 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述幽默的重要性与益处，它能缓解压力、增进人际关系，还可在严肃场景合理运用，呼吁人们培养并善用这一宝贵能力。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. (幽默是生活中一个重要的组成部分，但很多人往往忽视了这一点。幽默并不仅仅是讲笑话或逗人发笑那么简单；它对于我们的身心健康有着更深层次的意义和益处。)”结合本文阐述幽默的重要性与益处，它能缓解压力、增进人际关系，还可在严肃场景合理运用，呼吁人们培养并善用这一宝贵能力。可知，这篇文章的主要观点是幽默的重要性及益处。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. (当我们大笑时，我们的身体会释放内啡肽这种天然的化学物质，它能让我们感到快乐和放松。这有助于缓解工作、学习或日常生活带来的压力。)”可知，幽默通过在体内释放内啡肽帮助减轻压力。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. (然而，有些人认为幽默并不适合用于严肃的场合。)”可知，有些人认为在严肃的场合不宜使用幽默。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. (然而，有些人认为幽默并不适合严肃的场合。但实际上，适当的幽默甚至在艰难时刻也能缓解情绪。例如，在紧张的考试期间，老师的一句幽默话语能够帮助学生放松心情，更好地集中注意力。这并非意味着不尊重他人，而是要在严肃与轻松之间找到平衡。)”可知，第三段中的例子表明，在困难的情况下也可以运用幽默。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·山西·期中）A new study gives “funny or die” a whole new meaning. Published in April in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, the research found that women with a strong sense of humor tend to live longer — even when they get sick, especially from heart disease or infections. For men, having a joyful personality also helped protect against infections. Norwegian researchers followed 53,556 women and men over 15 years. They wanted to see if a sense of humor could affect how long people live. The team used a detailed questionnaire to measure different parts of humor — like how people think, socialize, and feel about funny situations. They then looked at deaths from several diseases, including heart disease, infections, cancer, and lung disease. The results showed that women who scored high in the “thinking” part of humor had: ·A 48% lower risk of dying from any cause, ·A 73% lower risk of dying from heart disease, ·And an 83% lower risk of dying from infections. For men, the benefit was only seen in infections — those with high humor scores had a 74% lower risk of dying from them. Researchers think this difference between men and women might be because men’s sense of humor slightly decreased as they got older. Also, the social and emotional parts of humor didn’t show any clear effect on how long people lived. According to Sven Svebak, a professor who co-authored the study, the thinking part of humor is a stable personality trait (特性). It affects how people understand everyday events. This can help reduce social conflicts and stress and prevent stress hormones like cortisol(皮质醇) from rising too much. When cortisol stays high for a long time, it weakens the immune system. Although genes partly decide our sense of humor, it’s also shaped by life experiences. Svebak says children who don’t see adults using humor to deal with problems may not use it themselves when they grow up. But don’t worry if your childhood wasn’t filled with laughter — studies show it’s never too late to learn to laugh at life’s absurdities (荒谬). 5．How did the researchers carry out their study? A．By assigning tasks. B．By doing an interview. C．By doing field research. D．By designing questions. 6．Which part of humor has clearly affected people’s life according to the study? A．The social part. B．The cultural part. C．The thinking part. D．The emotional part. 7．What can be inferred about our sense of humor according to Svebak? A．Genes alone play a key role. B．It can be acquired when we grow up. C．It must be developed since childhood. D．It is rarely shaped by life experiences. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Laugh Lots, Live Longer B．Art of Growing Young C．The Best Medicine for Us D．Be Funny or Die Young 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现，幽默感有助于延长寿命，女性受益更显著，男性可降低感染死亡风险，幽默感可后天培养。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The team used a detailed questionnaire to measure different parts of humor — like how people think, socialize, and feel about funny situations.(该团队采用了一份详细的调查问卷来衡量幽默的各个方面——比如人们是如何思考、如何社交以及对有趣的情境会有怎样的感受)”可知，研究人员通过设计问题开展这项研究。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“According to Sven Svebak, a professor who co-authored the study, the thinking part of humor is a stable personality trait (特性). It affects how people understand everyday events. This can help reduce social conflicts and stress and prevent stress hormones like cortisol(皮质醇) from rising too much.(据该研究的合著者之一、教授斯文·斯韦巴克称，幽默中的思考部分是一种稳定的个性特征。它会影响人们对日常事件的理解方式。这有助于减少社会冲突和压力，并防止像皮质醇这样的压力激素过度升高)”可知，幽默的思维部分显然对人们的生活产生了影响。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although genes partly decide our sense of humor, it’s also shaped by life experiences. Svebak says children who don’t see adults using humor to deal with problems may not use it themselves when they grow up.(虽然基因在一定程度上决定了我们的幽默感，但这种幽默感也会受到生活经历的影响。斯韦巴克表示，如果孩子没有看到成年人用幽默的方式来解决难题，那么他们长大后可能就不会自己运用这种幽默方式了)”可知，幽默感是在我们成长过程中逐渐习得的，故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study gives “funny or die” a whole new meaning. Published in April in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, the research found that women with a strong sense of humor tend to live longer — even when they get sick, especially from heart disease or infections. For men, having a joyful personality also helped protect against infections.(一项新的研究为“幽默至上，否则必死”这一说法赋予了全新的含义。该研究于4月发表在《心理生理学医学》杂志上，研究发现，具有强烈幽默感的女性往往更长寿——即便她们生病了，尤其是患心脏病或感染性疾病时也是如此。而对于男性而言，拥有乐观的性格也有助于预防感染)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现，幽默感有助于延长寿命，女性受益更显著，男性可降低感染死亡风险，幽默感可后天培养。可知，A选项“多欢笑，寿命更长久”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·辽宁·阶段检测）Laughter is often called the best medicine, but according to a new study led by researchers from Pennsylvania State University, it could also serve as an effective parenting tool. “Humor can teach people cognitive (认知的) flexibility, relieve stress, and promote creative problem solving and resilience,” noted Benjamin Levi, the senior author of the study. The researchers surveyed 312 individuals aged 18 to 45. More than half reported being raised by caregivers who used humor, and 71.8% agreed that humor can be an effective parenting tool. The majority also said they either use or plan to use humor with their children and believe it has more potential benefits than drawbacks. The researchers also found that among those who reported that their parents used humor, 50.5% said they had a good relationship with their parents, and 44.2% felt their parents did a good job raising them. On the contrary, among those whose parents didn’t use humor, only 2.9% reported having a good relationship with their parents, and just 3.6% believed their parents had done a good job. According to the study’s first author Lucy Emery, both business and parenting are hierarchical (等级制的). “In business, humor is shown to help reduce hierarchies, create better environments for collaboration and creativity, and relieve tension,” she said, noting that while parent-child relationships are more loving than business relationships, stressful situations are common in parenting. “Humor can help reduce that tension and hierarchy, making both parties feel better about stressful situations.” The study authors noted that if these findings are generalizable, they potentially open the door to a much deeper exploration of how “parenting humor” can be appropriately applied to enhancing the experiences of both children and their parents. “To that end, we should examine how parents currently use different kinds of humor, and how to map these uses of humor onto existing knowledge and theory,” Levi said. 9．What’s the purpose of the new study? A．To prove strict parenting is outdated. B．To measure different people’s sense of humor. C．To explore humor’s role in parenting. D．To compare humor in parenting and business. 10．What might happen to humorous parents according to the study? A．They bond better with their children. B．They tend to be successful in business. C．They avoid conflicts with their children. D．They face challenges in establishing authority. 11．What is humor’s role in business? A．Creating a formal environment. B．Maintaining authority structures. C．Making relationships feel more balanced. D．Increasing power differences between parties. 12．How does the author end this text? A．By offering choices of new research methods. B．By discussing the direction for further research. C．By stressing the need to involve more participants. D．By mentioning potential applications of the findings. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．C 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍宾州州立大学关于幽默可作育儿工具的研究及发现。 【详解】9．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Laughter is often called the best medicine, but according to a new study led by researchers from Pennsylvania State University, it could also serve as an effective parenting tool.(笑常被称为最佳良药，但据宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究人员主导的一项新研究显示，笑也可以作为一种有效的育儿工具)”以及全文围绕幽默在育儿中的作用展开研究可推知，这项新研究的目的是探索幽默在育儿中的作用。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The researchers also found that among those who reported that their parents used humor, 50.5% said they had a good relationship with their parents, and 44.2% felt their parents did a good job raising them.(研究人员还发现，在那些表示父母曾使用幽默的受访者中，50.5% 的人表示自己与父母关系良好，44.2% 的人认为父母在抚养自己方面做得很好)”可知，根据这项研究，幽默的父母可能会与他们的孩子建立更好的关系。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段中““In business, humor is shown to help reduce hierarchies, create better environments for collaboration and creativity, and relieve tension,” she said, noting that while parent-child relationships are more loving than business relationships, stressful situations are common in parenting.(她表示：“在商业领域，有证据表明幽默有助于减少等级差异，为协作与创新创造更良好的环境，还能缓解紧张气氛。” 她同时指出，尽管亲子关系比商业关系更具爱意，但育儿过程中也常出现充满压力的情况)”可知，幽默在商业中的作用是减少等级差异，让关系更平衡。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““To that end, we should examine how parents currently use different kinds of humor, and how to map these uses of humor onto existing knowledge and theory,” Levi said.(莱维表示：“为此，我们应当研究父母目前是如何运用不同类型幽默的，以及如何将这些幽默的运用方式与现有知识和理论对应起来。”)”可推知，作者通过讨论进一步研究的方向来结束这篇文章。故选B。 Passage 4 （2026·山东·三模）Picture this: Becky entered a restaurant, waving at the friends already seated. She tripped over a chair on her way to join them, only just catching herself before hitting the floor. What would you do if you were Becky? Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam’s Goksel and his colleagues note that rather than just express your embarrassment or ignore the obvious, being able to laugh at yourself after committing a faux pas (失礼之举) should be your choice. All of this is fine if no one actually does get hurt (other than yourself). If Becky tipped over a wine glass on the table top, ruining the white dress of the woman seated at the table, it would be not so funny anymore. This problem can be translated into more academic terms: theories of affective deviance (情感偏差), which argue that reputation is negatively affected when one’s emotional expression mismatches their actions. To test out the factors that influence the best response to a bad situation, researchers conducted a series of six experiments involving just over 3200 people. They asked participants to imagine attending a dinner party at a friend’s house and chatting with the friend’s cousin. Each participant imagined scenarios (场景) in which they would admit a mistake to this stranger, including falling on a public street, missing one’s mother’s birthday, asking a woman who was not pregnant when her due date was and so on. Taking all the findings together, the authors constructed a model with character judgments of the offender as the final outcome. In this model, the display of amusement or embarrassment plus amount of harm predicted perceived emotional miscalibration (情绪失衡) and perceived embarrassment which, in turn, predicted how the actor was regarded by observers. The findings of this study showed that amusement won out over embarrassment as long as the outcome caused little harm. Laughter works because you also project a more authentic version of yourself to others than if you show embarrassment. Becky’s ability to laugh at the restaurant incident would not only ease the tension, but also show that she doesn’t fear looking awkward. 13．Why is Becky’s experience mentioned? A．To describe a common occurrence. B．To joke about her clumsy behavior. C．To introduce the topic naturally. D．To lead to a popular wisdom. 14．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．Challenging a view. B．Illustrating a theory. C．Sharing an experience. D．Raising an alert. 15．Which is a suitable case to joke about awkward behavior? A．Being late for a job interview. B．Mistaking a lady for being pregnant. C．Dirtying others’ clothes unintentionally. D．Slipping accidentally in an empty street. 16．What do the findings of the study imply? A．Self-teasing softens harmless awkwardness. B．Laughter is the best pass to amusement. C．Minor errors might cause great harm. D．Embarrassment displays sincerity. 【答案】13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A 【导语】文章主要探讨在社交失礼场合以幽默自嘲化解尴尬的心理学依据及适用边界。 【详解】13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Picture this: Becky entered a restaurant, waving at the friends already seated. She tripped over a chair on her way to join them, only just catching herself before hitting the floor. What would you do if you were Becky? Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam’s Goksel and his colleagues note that rather than just express your embarrassment or ignore the obvious, being able to laugh at yourself after committing a faux pas (失礼之举) should be your choice.(试想一下：贝基走进餐厅，向已经入座的朋友挥手。她在去汇合的路上被椅子绊倒，差点摔倒在地。如果你是贝基会怎么做？阿姆斯特丹自由大学的Goksel及其同事指出，与其仅仅表达尴尬或忽视明显的事实，在失礼之后能够自嘲才是你应该做的选择)”可知，提及贝基的经历是为了自然引入文章讨论的主题。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“This problem can be translated into more academic terms: theories of affective deviance (情感偏差), which argue that reputation is negatively affected when one’s emotional expression mismatches their actions.(这个问题可以转化为更学术的术语：情感偏差理论，该理论认为当一个人的情感表达与其行为不匹配时，其声誉会受到负面影响)”可知，本段通过引入学术理论来解释前文情境，旨在阐释理论。 15．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The findings of this study showed that amusement won out over embarrassment as long as the outcome caused little harm.(研究结果表明，只要造成的后果危害很小，娱乐性就会胜过尴尬)”可知，只有在无害的情况下才适合开玩笑。D选项“Slipping accidentally in an empty street.(在空荡荡的街上意外滑倒)”对他人无伤害，最适合自嘲。 16．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The findings of this study showed that amusement won out over embarrassment as long as the outcome caused little harm.(研究结果表明，只要造成的后果危害很小，娱乐性就会胜过尴尬)”及第五段“Laughter works because you also project a more authentic version of yourself to others than if you show embarrassment. Becky’s ability to laugh at the restaurant incident would not only ease the tension, but also show that she doesn’t fear looking awkward.(笑之所以管用，是因为相较于显露窘迫，它能让你向他人展现出更为真实的自我。贝基若在餐厅事件中放声一笑，不仅能缓和紧张气氛，更能表明她并不惧怕出糗)”可知，研究发现自嘲可以缓解无害的尴尬。 第1小题，看到文中多处讲到幽默带来各类好处，误选C，混淆段落局部信息和全文主旨，C只是文中一个分角度并非文章中心； 第8小题，只抓住文章幽默长寿这一核心含义，误选D，被原文短语“funny or die”字面迷惑，D选项语气偏激不符合作者客观陈述； 第13小题，看到贝基摔倒是日常生活情景，误选A，把篇首举例的写作引子功能错当成单纯描述生活常见现象。 话题2 教育（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·广东中山·期末）Graduation season is always full of speeches from successful graduates. They talk about their straight A grades, perfect college applications and dream job offers. These polished stories are repeated again and again, on school stages and social media. Rarely, however, do we hear from those who have faced setbacks (挫折) — students who failed exams, missed their target universities or struggled to find jobs after graduation. Now, a new study suggests that these “failure stories” could be far more valuable to students than they are currently seen to be. Researchers from an American education institute found that sharing experiences of academic or career setbacks can reduce students’ fear of failure by nearly 70 percent. In their experiment, high school students hearing talks from schoolmates who had failed major exams reported 40 percent less exam anxiety than those exposed only to top performers’ experiences. Crucially, the impact depends on how relatable the story is. The study found that students were most affected when the speaker shared not just the failure itself, but also the messy process of recovering from it. However, the research also noted that schools rarely train speakers to share their difficult life moments. Still, the findings highlight a major gap in education’s approach to success. Even when schools claim to teach resilience (恢复力), they continue to celebrate only the “perfect” success stories. This one-sided focus creates a false idea that achievement is a straight path, making students feel ashamed when they face any setback. Educators are still debating how to balance celebrating success and normalizing failure — but what they do know is that hiding setbacks harms students’ mental health. The new study suggests that inviting “unsuccessful” students to share could be a simple tool to build a healthier school culture. “These stories don’t discourage students,” says Dr. Maria Lopez, a psychologist who was not involved in the research. “They give them hope that it’s okay to not have everything figured out yet.” 1．How does the author present the problem in the first paragraph? A．By giving an example. B．By providing statistics. C．By defining a concept. D．By making a comparison. 2．What determines the effectiveness of a failure story in reducing students’ anxiety? A．The speaker’s hard-won success. B．The bond felt by the students. C．The training provided by the school. D．The messiness of the recovery. 3．What is Dr. Lopez’s attitude towards inviting failed students to share their experiences? A．Doubtful. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Silent Value of Failure B．A Study on Graduation Speeches C．Polished Stories From Losers D．Balance Between Success and Failure 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了如今校园只宣扬完美成功事迹，研究表明分享受挫经历可减轻学生焦虑。真实的失败故事能带来希望，学校应多鼓励这类分享，健全校园心理氛围。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“These polished stories are repeated again and again, on school stages and social media. Rarely, however, do we hear from those who have faced setbacks (挫折) — students who failed exams, missed their target universities or struggled to find jobs after graduation.( 这些精心打磨的故事在校园舞台和社交媒体上被反复提及。然而，我们很少听到那些经历过挫折的学生的声音——比如考试失利、未能进入理想大学，或毕业后找工作困难的学生。)”可推知，作者在第一段中通过进行比较来呈现这个问题。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Crucially, the impact depends on how relatable the story is. The study found that students were most affected when the speaker shared not just the failure itself, but also the messy process of recovering from it.( 关键在于，这种影响取决于故事是否令人产生共鸣。研究发现，当演讲者不仅讲述失败本身，还分享从失败中恢复的混乱的过程时，学生们受到的影响最为显著。)”可知，决定一个失败故事在减轻学生焦虑方面效果的因素是学生感受到的情感联结。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The new study suggests that inviting “unsuccessful” students to share could be a simple tool to build a healthier school culture. “These stories don’t discourage students,” says Dr. Maria Lopez, a psychologist who was not involved in the research. “They give them hope that it’s okay to not have everything figured out yet.”(这项新研究表明，邀请成绩不理想的学生分享自身想法，或许是营造更健康校园氛围的简单有效方式。“这些故事不会让学生感到沮丧，”未参与该研究的心理学家玛丽亚·洛佩斯博士表示，“它们让他们看到，现在尚未完全掌握一切也是可以接受的。”)”可推知，洛佩斯博士对邀请失败的学生分享他们的经历持支持的态度。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“失败经历的价值”展开：开篇指出失败故事在校园中长期被忽视，接着通过研究证明失败分享能大幅降低学生的失败恐惧与考试焦虑，随后分析其影响因素与当前教育的不足，最终点明失败故事对构建健康校园文化的意义。“失败的无声价值”精准概括了文章核心 —— 失败的价值长期不被看见，实则具备重要的教育意义。由此可知，这篇文章适合的标题是“失败的无声价值”。 Passage 2 （25-26高二下·四川雅安·期末）A 2015 study by the American Psychological Association (APA) followed two groups of teenagers over three years. One group spent two hours weekly in a traditional classroom review session, while the other participated in a structured gardening and cooking (G&C) program. The results showed that the latter group demonstrated significantly better problem-solving skills when faced with open-ended challenges. More notably, they reported higher levels of self-worth, stating that watching a seed turn into a meal gave them a sense of competence that test scores never could. Critics argue that focusing on labor distracts from academic performance. Yet, experts in adolescent development insist that the opposite is true. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi — a renowned expert on happiness and creativity — introduced the concept of “flow”, a state of deep focus where individuals lose track of time because they are fully engaged in an activity. According to Csikszentmihalyi, activities like gardening, cooking, or fixing a chair can easily produce flow. This state, he argued, strengthens mental clarity and brings long-term cognitive benefits. This is not about bringing back the era of child labor, but about reclaiming a balance. The Finnish education system, consistently ranked among the best in the world by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), has long integrated “real-world craftsmanship” into its core curriculum. Finnish students learn to knit, saw, and cook alongside math and literature. The philosophy is simple: respect for labor cultivates respect for community and self. As one Finnish educator put it, “When a student spends a month building a wooden stool, they learn patience, the cost of error, and the pride of creation.” As schools shift toward college preparation, the value of “getting one’s hands dirty” is sometimes lost. But as more schools adopt project-based learning and labor education programs worldwide, there is hope that the next generation will redefine labor — not as a punishment, but as a path to becoming well-rounded individuals. 5．What can be known about the two groups of teenagers in the APA study? A．The G&C group tackled challenges better. B．The G&C group achieved better test scores. C．They showed equal improvement in self-worth. D．The review group spent less time on academic tasks. 6．Which of the following may Csikszentmihalyi agree with? A．Labor sharpens the mind. B．Flow occurs during leisure activities. C．Labor distracts teenagers from academics. D．Multitasking is essential for cognitive development. 7．Why does the author mention the Finnish education system? A．To prove Finnish students study less. B．To show Finland values labor over math. C．To give an example of balancing labor and academics. D．To criticize other countries for ignoring manual training. 8．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the reasons behind child labor. B．To argue for the value of labor in education. C．To compare classroom learning with hands-on learning. D．To introduce gardening and cooking programs worldwide. 【答案】5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 【导语】文章通过研究结果、专家观点与芬兰教育案例，论证劳动教育对青少年身心发展的重要教育价值。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One group spent two hours weekly in a traditional classroom review session, while the other participated in a structured gardening and cooking (G&C) program. The results showed that the latter group demonstrated significantly better problem-solving skills when faced with open-ended challenges. (一组人每周花两小时参加传统的课堂复习课，而另一组人参与一套体系化的园艺与烹饪项目。结果显示，后一组在面对开放式挑战时展现出明显更好的解决问题的能力)”可知，参与园艺烹饪项目的青少年应对挑战的能力更强。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This state, he argued, strengthens mental clarity and brings long-term cognitive benefits. (他认为，这种状态能增强思维清晰度，并带来长期的认知益处。)”可知，契克森米哈伊认为劳动能够锻炼思维、提升脑力。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This is not about bringing back the era of child labor, but about reclaiming a balance. (这并非要回归童工时代，而是要重新找回一种平衡。)”以及“The Finnish education system... has long integrated “real-world craftsmanship” into its core curriculum. (芬兰教育体系……长期将实操手工技能纳入核心课程。)”可知，作者列举芬兰教育是为了举例说明学业与劳动教育可以平衡发展。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“The results showed that the latter group demonstrated significantly better problem-solving skills when faced with open-ended challenges. More notably, they reported higher levels of self-worth, stating that watching a seed turn into a meal gave them a sense of competence that test scores never could. (结果显示，后一组在面对开放式挑战时展现出明显更好的解决问题的能力。更值得注意的是，他们的自我价值感更高，称看着一粒种子变成食物带给他们考试分数无法给予的胜任感。)”、第二段“This state, he argued, strengthens mental clarity and brings long-term cognitive benefits. (他认为，这种状态能增强思维清晰度，并带来长期的认知益处。)”以及最后一段“But as more schools adopt project-based learning and labor education programs worldwide, there is hope that the next generation will redefine labor — not as a punishment, but as a path to becoming well-rounded individuals. (但随着全球更多学校推行项目式学习与劳动教育课程，下一代有望重新定义劳动——劳动并非惩罚，而是成长为全面发展个体的途径。)”可知，全文围绕劳动教育的价值展开，驳斥劳动影响学业的观点，目的是论证劳动在教育中的重要意义。 Passage 3 （25-26高二下·云南昭通·期末）Artificial intelligence is bringing great changes to the field of education. Traditional teaching mode often follows the same process for all students, disregarding their differences in learning ability, interest and progress. However, AI-powered education can provide a personalized learning experience for each student, which is considered the future direction of education. AI education systems can collect and analyze students’ learning data in real time, including their homework completion, test results and learning habits. Based on the data, the system can find out students’ weak points and provide targeted learning materials and exercises. Students can study at their own pace, review difficult points repeatedly and skip what they have mastered. Teachers also benefit a lot from AI technology. AI can help teachers correct homework and papers automatically, saving a lot of time and energy. Teachers can focus more on communicating with students, guiding their thinking and caring about their mental health. In addition, AI can provide teaching suggestions and help teachers improve their teaching plans constantly. Despite the advantages of AI in education, there are still worries and challenges. Some people are concerned that students may rely too much on AI and lose their ability of independent thinking. The safety of students’ learning data and privacy protection are also important issues that cannot be ignored. Experts suggest that AI should be used as a helpful tool rather than a replacement of teachers. Only by combining AI technology with teachers’ professional guidance can education achieve better results and help students develop in an all-round way. 9．What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 1? A．Ignoring. B．Valuing. C．Assessing. D．Considering. 10．What is the function of AI education systems according to the text? A．Change students’ bad learning habits directly through data. B．Provide the same exercises for every student in learning. C．Simply collect students’ homework papers and test scores. D．Figure out students’ learning shortcomings with instant data. 11．What do experts imply in the last paragraph? A．We should stop using AI in education. B．Teachers’ role is still irreplaceable in education. C．AI will finally take the place of teachers in the future. D．AI technology works better without teachers’ guidance. 12．Which is the best title for the passage? A．AI: A New Helper in Education B．How to Protect Students’ Privacy C．Traditional Teaching and Its Problems D．The Disadvantages of Modern Education 【答案】9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】文章介绍人工智能为教育带来变革，阐述其教学优势、现存隐患以及专家的合理使用建议。 【详解】9．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Traditional teaching mode often follows the same process for all students, disregarding their differences in learning ability, interest and progress.(传统教学模式通常对所有学生采用相同的流程，disregarding他们在学习能力、兴趣和进度方面的差异)”可知，传统教学模式对所有学生采取一样的流程，忽视他们了某些方面的差异，故猜测disregarding意为“忽视、不理会”，与Ignoring同义。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AI education systems can collect and analyze students’ learning data in real time, including their homework completion, test results and learning habits. Based on the data, the system can find out students’ weak points and provide targeted learning materials and exercises.(AI教育系统可以实时收集和分析学生的学习数据，包括作业完成情况、考试成绩和学习习惯。基于这些数据，系统能够发现学生的薄弱环节，并提供有针对性的学习材料和练习题)”可知，人工智能教育系统可通过实时数据找出学生的学习短板。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Experts suggest that AI should be used as a helpful tool rather than a replacement of teachers.(专家建议人工智能应被用作有用的工具，而非教师的替代品)”可知，专家暗示教师在教育中的地位依旧不可替代。 2．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Artificial intelligence is bringing great changes to the field of education.(人工智能正在给教育领域带来巨大变革)”、第二段介绍AI助力学生个性化学习、第三段中“Teachers also benefit a lot from AI technology.(教师也从人工智能技术中获益良多)”以及尾段专家建议合理运用AI辅助教育可知，文章主要介绍人工智能在教育领域的辅助作用与价值。因此最佳标题为A选项“AI: A New Helper in Education(人工智能：教育领域的新助手)”。 Passage 4 （25-26高二下·广东珠海·期末）During the Little Ice Age, the Inuit and the Norse coexisted in Greenland. Although both groups faced the same climate challenges, their fates were different. Why the Inuit thrived while the Norse declined has confused archaeologists for decades. To answer this question, the researchers investigated the issue from a new perspective. A study published in the European Journal of Archaeology by Mathilde Meyer and Dr. Felix Riede reveals the unexpected role of childhood play. The research team analyzed toys unearthed from archaeological sites. The Norse settlements yielded 72 toys. The Inuit settlements, located in similar environmental conditions, yielded 2,397 toys. The study revealed that the Inuit created a much broader and more varied range of toys. These included miniatures of kayaks, knives, and lamps, each designed to teach specific practical skills. In contrast, Norse toys were limited to objects related to traditional agricultural activities, such as bird figures and domestic tools. Dr. Riede explains, “The Inuit’s toys not only mirrored their survival strategies but also actively cultivated innovation among children. The Norse toys, however, stressed a conventional way of life.” More strikingly, the Inuit children’s play grew dramatically over time. This may reflect a deliberate cultural response to environmental pressures. The Inuit’s developmental environment for children emphasized exploration. These practices allowed children to experience new technologies and strategies, such as dog sleds and the umiaq (a large boat), crucial for surviving the harsh conditions. Over time, Inuit toys also revealed subtle shifts in design and emphasis that corresponded to broader ecological and social changes. By contrast, the Norse stuck to established norms, limiting their capacity to innovate or transition to marine-based economies. Though the lack of toys may indicate that Norse society was less creative from the start, the researchers argue that their tendency to give irrelevant toys intensified any initial lack of creativity and ultimately reduced their chances of survival. By contrast, the Inuit’s preference for various and relevant toys paved the way for their children. This research invites reflection on how contemporary societies and modern parents educate children to face future challenges, such as climate change and social crises. 13．What is the main purpose of the new study? A．To solve a historical survival mystery. B．To contrast two parenting philosophies. C．To offer a solution to climate challenges. D．To document two ancient lifestyles. 14．What advantages did Inuit toys have over Norse toys? A．Variety and durability. B．Diversity and adaptability. C．Practicality and stability. D．Creativity and complexity. 15．What did the change in Inuit children’s play over time suggest? A．Sufficient play could reduce survival threats. B．Exposure to more toys improved kids’ creativity. C．Traditional wisdom was overlooked for survival. D．Experimental play facilitated cultural adaptation. 16．What lesson can modern parents draw from the study? A．Offer a wide range of learning opportunities. B．Emphasize toys that promote imagination. C．Choose toys that develop real-world skills. D．Encourage cooperative role-playing games. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了小冰期格陵兰岛的因纽特人与北欧人共处一地，面对相同的气候困境却走向截然不同的命运；研究人员从儿童玩耍这一新视角展开研究，揭示了玩具差异是二者兴衰分化的关键，并由此反思现代家庭教育方式。 【详解】13．推理判断题。根据第一段“Why the Inuit thrived while the Norse declined has confused archaeologists for decades. To answer this question, the researchers investigated the issue from a new perspective.(因纽特人蓬勃兴旺而北欧人日渐衰落这一问题数十年来一直困扰着考古学家。为解答这一疑问，研究人员从一个全新角度对此展开调研。)”可推知，这项新研究的主要目的是解开这一历史生存谜团。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“The study revealed that the Inuit created a much broader and more varied range of toys. These included miniatures of kayaks, knives, and lamps, each designed to teach specific practical skills.(研究表明，因纽特人制作的玩具范围更广、种类更加丰富多样，包含皮艇、刀具、灯具等微缩模型，每一款都用来传授特定实用技能。)”以及第三段“Over time, Inuit toys also revealed subtle shifts in design and emphasis that corresponded to broader ecological and social changes.(随着时间推移，因纽特玩具在设计与侧重点上产生细微调整，与大范围的生态、社会变化相适配。)”可知，因纽特玩具相较于北欧玩具拥有多样性与适应性优势。 15．推理判断题。根据第三段“More strikingly, the Inuit children’s play grew dramatically over time. This may reflect a deliberate cultural response to environmental pressures. The Inuit’s developmental environment for children emphasized exploration. These practices allowed children to experience new technologies and strategies, such as dog sleds and the umiaq (a large boat), crucial for surviving the harsh conditions.(更为突出的是，因纽特儿童的玩耍形式随时间大幅丰富，这体现了族群针对环境压力做出的主动文化应对。因纽特为儿童打造的成长环境注重探索实践，这类方式让孩子接触全新技术与生存策略，例如狗拉雪橇与大型乌米亚克船，这些都是在严酷环境中存活的关键。)”可知，因纽特孩童玩耍模式的变化表明探索式玩耍推动了族群的文化适应。 16．推理判断题。根据第二段“These included miniatures of kayaks, knives, and lamps, each designed to teach specific practical skills.(这些玩包含皮艇、刀具、灯具等微缩模型，每一件都旨在传授特定的实用技能。)”、“Dr. Riede explains, ‘The Inuit’s toys not only mirrored their survival strategies but also actively cultivated innovation among children.’(Dr. Riede解释道：‘因纽特人的玩具不仅映射了他们的生存策略，还积极培养孩子的创新能力。’)”以及第四段“This research invites reflection on how contemporary societies and modern parents educate children to face future challenges, such as climate change and social crises.(这项研究促使当代社会与现代家长反思如何教育孩子应对气候变化、社会危机等未来挑战。)”可知，因纽特玩具重在培养现实实用生存本领，由此可推测出现代家长应选择能够培养孩子实际生活技能的玩具。 第4小题，只看到文章反复谈及成功与失败，误选D，混淆文章主题和表层话题，D侧重二者之间的平衡并非本文核心主旨； 第8小题，看到文中对比课堂学习和实操活动，误选C，把写作手法当成写作目的，本文并非对比两类学习而是论证劳动教育价值； 第13小题，读到文章后半部分谈及玩具对育儿的启示，误选B，错把文末引申反思当作该项新研究本身的主要目的。 话题3 多媒体（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江苏苏州·期中）Online short-form video has shifted from a light distraction to a constant background in many children’s lives. What used to fill a spare moment now shapes how young people relax and communicate, with platforms like TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts drawing in millions through endlessly personalized feeds. While these apps offer fun and connection, their design encourages long periods of rapid scrolling that can be difficult for young users to manage. Short-form videos are engineered to capture the brain’s desire for novelty, with each swipe (滑动) promising something different. Because the feed rarely pauses, the natural breaks that help attention reset disappear. Over time, this constant stimulation (刺激) can weaken self control and sustained focus, creating a cycle that is hard to break. Sleep is one of the clearest areas where this causes harm. The bright light from screens delays sleep, while the emotional highs and lows of rapid content make it difficult for the brain to settle. Beyond sleep disturbances, the constant stream of peer images can lead to comparison. Pre-teens may internalize unrealistic standards of popularity and appearance, causing lower self-respect and anxiety. Younger children are especially at risk due to less mature self-regulation and a more fragile sense of identity. This consumption pattern matters because childhood is a critical period for learning how to tolerate boredom and handle uncomfortable feelings. When every quiet moment is filled with quick entertainment, children lose chances to practice daydreaming, invent games, or simply let their thoughts wander. Unstructured time is essential for young minds to learn how to calm themselves and develop internal focus. Fortunately, there are encouraging signs of change. Governments and schools begin to address digital wellbeing more directly. At home, establishing simple family rules, such as keeping devices out of bedrooms, can protect sleep and reduce late-night scrolling. With thoughtful support, responsive policies, and safer platform design, children can enjoy these videos without harming their wellbeing or development. 1．How does short-form video affect attention according to the text? A．It trains self-control. B．It removes natural breaks. C．It adds longer pauses. D．It satisfies the need for novelty. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The impact of sleep loss. B．The anxiety of peer comparison. C．The risk of identity crisis. D．The harm of constant stimulation. 3．What does the author imply about unstructured time? A．It increases screen dependency. B．It benefits children’s development. C．It should be replaced by activities. D．It is less important than schooling. 4．What does the author suggest to improve children’s digital wellbeing? A．Making videos more engaging. B．Restricting device use at home. C．Adopting a multi-party approach. D．Leaving device rules to schools. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了短视频对儿童注意力、睡眠、自我认知等方面的负面影响，以及改善儿童数字健康的方法。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Short-form videos are engineered to capture the brain’s desire for novelty, with each swipe (滑动) promising something different. Because the feed rarely pauses, the natural breaks that help attention reset disappear. (短视频旨在捕捉大脑对新奇事物的渴望，每次滑动都预示着不同的东西。因为信息流很少暂停，帮助注意力重置的自然休息时间就消失了。)”可知，短视频让帮助注意力重置的自然休息时间消失了。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Over time, this constant stimulation (刺激) can weaken self control and sustained focus, creating a cycle that is hard to break. Sleep is one of the clearest areas where this causes harm. (随着时间的推移，这种持续的刺激会削弱自我控制和持续的注意力，形成一个难以打破的循环。睡眠是受到这种伤害最明显的领域之一。)”以及“Beyond sleep disturbances, the constant stream of peer images can lead to comparison. (除了睡眠障碍外，源源不断的同龄人形象会导致比较。)”可知，本段主要介绍了持续的刺激带来的危害。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Unstructured time is essential for young minds to learn how to calm themselves and develop internal focus. (无组织的时间对于年轻的心灵学习如何让自己平静下来和发展内在的注意力是至关重要的。)”可知，无组织的时间对孩子的成长是有益的。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Governments and schools begin to address digital wellbeing more directly. At home, establishing simple family rules, such as keeping devices out of bedrooms, can protect sleep and reduce late-night scrolling. With thoughtful support, responsive policies, and safer platform design, children can enjoy these videos without harming their wellbeing or development. (政府和学校开始更直接地解决数字健康问题。在家里，建立简单的家庭规则，比如把电子设备放在卧室外面，可以保护睡眠，减少深夜滚动。有了周到的支持、响应性的政策和更安全的平台设计，孩子们就可以享受这些视频，而不会损害他们的健康或发展。)”可知，作者建议政府、学校和家庭多方合作来改善孩子的数字健康。 Passage 2 （25-26高二下·山西阳泉·期末）Middle-school aged children who use the Internet and social media recreationally for more than an hour each day during the school week have significantly lower grades, according to a study from the Center for Gambling Studies at Rutgers University-New Brunswick. “During the pandemic, technology has been essential to remote learning. Meanwhile, a concern grows among parents that using technology may affect children’s education by developing undesirable study habits and reducing time on learning activities.” said lead author Vivien Anthony (Wen Li), an assistant professor at the School of Social Work and research associate at the Rutgers Center for Gambling Studies. “That’s why we began this study.” The researchers, including Professor Lia Nower of the Rutgers Center for Gambling Studies and a researcher from Renmin University of China, analyzed the China Education Panel Survey data, a national survey of educational needs and outcomes of children in China. Approximately 10,000 first-year middle school students were surveyed and followed. The results showed that children using the Internet and social media for entertainment four or more hours daily were four times more likely to skip school than those who did not. Boys showed lower school engagement levels than girls. However, children who used technology in moderation (i.e., less than one hour per day on weekends) experienced less boredom at school, potentially due to the positive effects of participation in social media like peer bonding. Using technology for entertainment in moderation advanced children’s cognitive development. “Such findings are critical, particularly in light of the recent movement toward online learning throughout the world,” said Anthony, “But time limits should be placed on children’s technology use to help them foster effective time management and self-regulation skills.” 5．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．Children’s study habits of using social media. B．Student’s learning activities during the pandemic. C．Teachers’ teaching methods about remote learning. D．Parents’ concern about technology’s influence on kids. 6．What can we learn about China Education Panel Survey data in paragraph 3? A．It collects 10000 graduates’ data. B．It comes from a Chinese university. C．It provides authoritative information. D．It illustrates world’s educational needs. 7．What is the result of research in paragraph 4? A．Boys are more likely to skip school. B．Girls are more engaged in learning at school. C．Girls develop better in cognitive development. D．Boys prefer to build relationship in social media. 8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Education. B．Health. C．Science. D．Entertainment. 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 【导语】文章依托一项研究，探究平日娱乐性上网时长与中学生学业的关联，分析研究缘由、过程、结果并给出使用建议。 【详解】5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“During the pandemic, technology has been essential to remote learning. Meanwhile, a concern grows among parents that using technology may affect children’s education by developing undesirable study habits and reducing time on learning activities.(疫情期间，科技对于远程学习至关重要。与此同时，越来越多家长担忧，使用科技会养成不良学习习惯、挤占学习时间，进而影响孩子学业)”可知，第二段主要讲述家长担忧科技使用对孩子产生的影响。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers, including Professor Lia Nower of the Rutgers Center for Gambling Studies and a researcher from Renmin University of China, analyzed the China Education Panel Survey data, a national survey of educational needs and outcomes of children in China. Approximately 10,000 first-year middle school students were surveyed and followed.(研究人员，包括罗格斯大学赌博研究中心的莉娅・诺沃教授和一名来自中国人民大学的研究员，分析了中国教育追踪调查数据，这是一项针对中国儿童教育需求与教育成果的全国性调查。约一万名初一学生接受了调查并被持续追踪)”可知，该数据是全国性调研，具备权威信息。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“The results showed that children using the Internet and social media for entertainment four or more hours daily were four times more likely to skip school than those who did not. Boys showed lower school engagement levels than girls.(结果显示，每日娱乐上网四小时及以上的孩子逃学概率是其他人的四倍。男生的在校学习参与度低于女生)”可知，女生的在校学习参与度更高。 8．推理判断题。全文围绕科技使用时长对中学生学业、校园学习状态、认知发展的影响展开研究论述，核心话题贴合教育领域范畴。因此文章最可能出现在报纸的教育板块。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南株洲·期中）Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 9．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 10．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 11．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 【答案】9．D 10．D 11．A 12．B 【导语】文章分析了网红在营销中的优势和风险，并建议品牌制定规则以最大化利用网红经济。 【详解】9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. (通过分享精心挑选的内容，将广告与个人生活片段巧妙结合，他们营造出一种信任感。)”可知，网红利用日常生活内容使推荐可信。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. (此外，与传统品牌代言人相比，网红在技术方面更具优势，他们能更快地适应TikTok等新兴平台，以及Instagram等老平台不断变化的算法。)”可推知，作者提到TikTok是为了说明网红对新平台的技术适应能力。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. (一个典型案例是Viya，这位顶级直播主播在2021年因未申报品牌合作收入而被罚款2.1亿美元，给相关品牌造成了经济损失。)”可知，她被处罚是因为隐藏了品牌合作收入。 12．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. (网红的持久影响力表明他们自身具备独特的优势。)”、第三段中“However, risks persist. (然而，风险依然存在。)”和最后一段中“Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. (尽管面临这些挑战，忽视网红仍不明智。)”可知，作者既肯定网红经济的优势，降低成本、触达年轻消费者、技术适应力强，也指出其风险，如逃税、虚假广告，并提出品牌应采取的应对措施，表明整体态度是客观的。 Passage 4 （25-26高二下·江西赣州·期末）Like many dieters, have you ever avoided watching food videos online? Are you afraid that photos of desserts will fuel your hunger? Do you stay away from food accounts at night? Of course, that’s what conventional dieting wisdom has always suggested. But a new study published in Computers in Human Behavior flips that advice on its head. Researchers found evidence for what they call “cross-modal satiation (跨模态饱腹感)”, a process in which simply watching videos of tasty but unhealthy food may weaken people’s desire to eat, even without taking a single bite. The researchers conducted three related experiments using both healthy and unhealthy food videos. In the first experiment, participants were divided into groups based on whether they were on a diet. Dieters clicked on more unhealthy food clips while non-dieters showed no preference either way. The second experiment dug into why. After measuring each person’s tendency to suppress (抑制) food-related thoughts, they found that people with stronger self-control over food thoughts were more attracted to unhealthy food videos. It’s a common psychological reaction — the more people tried not to think about chocolate cake, the more they wanted to watch videos about it. In the third experiment, participants were randomly assigned to either hold back food-related thoughts or freely think about high-calorie food. Then they looked at the food videos. As they left the lab, they could take chocolate bars. The result showed those who suppressed thoughts about unhealthy desserts picked up fewer chocolates. In other words, they seemed to have less desire to eat after viewing the dessert food videos, just like “getting full by sight”. These findings suggest that dieting apps may show attractive food photos to weaken users’ appetite, instead of restricting their exposure to food videos. However, the research mainly focused on participants’ reactions to chocolate. Even so, the findings offer guidance to people who want to lose weight. The screen might be doing some of the work that a plate would have done. 13．Why does the author raise questions in paragraph 1? A．To express some doubts. B．To test readers’ knowledge. C．To invite readers to answer. D．To attract readers’ attention. 14．How does “cross-modal satiation” work according to the research? A．Eating after viewing satisfies hunger. B．Avoiding food videos increases appetite. C．Thinking about food increases consumption. D．Viewing junk food videos reduces appetite. 15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Apps ensure weight loss. B．More studies are needed. C．The evidence is conclusive. D．Food videos increase appetite. 16．What is the best title of the text? A．Focusing on Health, Not on Food B．Relying on Apps, Not on Diets C．Feeding on Screens, Not on Plates D．Dieting on Discipline, Not on Videos 【答案】13．D 14．D 15．B 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍的是一项关于观看不健康食物视频可能产生饱腹感从而降低进食欲望的研究发现。 【详解】13．推理判断题。根据第一段“Like many dieters, have you ever avoided watching food videos online? Are you afraid that photos of desserts will fuel your hunger? Do you stay away from food accounts at night? (像许多节食者一样，你是否曾经避免在网上观看食物视频？你是否担心甜点的照片会助长你的饥饿感？你在晚上会远离食物账号吗？)”可知，作者通过提出这些问题来吸引读者的注意力，进而引出下文的研究发现。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers found evidence for what they call ‘cross-modal satiation (跨模态饱腹感)’, a process in which simply watching videos of tasty but unhealthy food may weaken people’s desire to eat, even without taking a single bite. (研究人员发现了他们称之为‘跨模态饱腹感’的证据，这是一个仅观看美味但不健康食物的视频就可能削弱人们进食欲望的过程，即使一口都没吃。)”可知，跨模态饱腹感是指观看垃圾食品视频会降低人们的食欲。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the research mainly focused on participants’ reactions to chocolate. (然而，这项研究主要关注参与者对巧克力的反应。)”可知，由于该研究范围主要局限于巧克力，因此还需要更多的研究来进一步验证这一发现。 16．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers found evidence for what they call ‘cross-modal satiation (跨模态饱腹感)’, a process in which simply watching videos of tasty but unhealthy food may weaken people’s desire to eat, even without taking a single bite. (研究人员发现了他们称之为‘跨模态饱腹感’的证据，这是一个仅观看美味但不健康食物的视频就可能削弱人们进食欲望的过程，即使一口都没吃。)”和最后一段“The screen might be doing some of the work that a plate would have done. (屏幕可能正在做一些盘子本会做的工作。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是观看食物视频可能像真正进食一样产生饱腹感，C项最能概括这一核心主旨。 第2小题，只盯住睡眠受害这一个细节信息，误选A，把段落局部例子当成段落主旨，本段重在剖析持续刺激带来的多重危害； 第8小题，看到文中出现大量研究实验，误选C，混淆研究载体与文章主题，文章话题围绕学生教育而非科学板块； 第13小题，看到开篇一连串设问句式，误选A，把引出话题的写作手法错当成作者自身表达内心疑惑。 话题4 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高二上·河南南阳·阶段检测）The 64th sessions of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (SB64) officially opened in Bonn, Germany, on June 8, 2026, gathering over 7,000 delegates (代表) from nearly 200 countries, environmental NGOs and youth climate activists. The two-week negotiation serves as technical preparation for COP31, the annual UN climate summit to be held in Türkiye this November. Simon Stiell, Executive Secretary of UN Climate Change, delivered a tough opening speech, urging nations to turn empty pledges (承诺) into real action. He warned current carbon reduction goals are far from enough to limit global temperature rise within 1.5℃. Frequent extreme weather in 2026, including South Asian heatwaves, European wildfires and Southeast Asian floods, has proved the severe consequence of delayed climate action. Three topics stood out in the negotiations: climate finance for vulnerable developing countries, global low-carbon energy transition, and biodiversity protection. The biggest controversy lies in climate funding. Poor island and African countries demanded wealthy nations honor (兑现) their $100 billion annual climate aid commitment. They complained complicated application procedures blocked them from building flood defenses and green energy facilities. However, fossil fuel-exporting countries opposed rapid energy transformation, for fear of damaging local economy and employment. A major highlight of SB64 is the release of a global scientific consensus (共识) on June 11. It confirmed that wildlife protection and forest restoration play an irreplaceable role in achieving carbon neutrality. Biodiversity loss will weaken the earth’s carbon absorption ability, forming a vicious cycle of global warming. Negotiators reached a preliminary (初步的) agreement to add ecological protection rules to national climate plans. Notably, teenage climate activists obtained unprecedented (史无前例的) speaking rights at the conference. They appealed for compulsory low-carbon school education and stricter bans on single-use plastic. Besides, they criticized multinational corporations for investing heavily in fossil fuels while covering up the fact with superficial environmental charity work. Officials also discussed EU’s new 1-billion-euro green hydrogen fund and China-EU-Brazil carbon market cooperation. Experts reminded the public that huge disagreements remain between all parties. To achieve climate justice, developed countries must shoulder more historical responsibilities and offer financial and technical support to underdeveloped regions. Only joint global efforts can balance economic development and planetary ecological safety. 1．What is the main task of SB64 Bonn talks? A．To sign a formal global climate treaty B．To make technical preparations for COP31 C．To solve global extreme weather problems D．To supervise global carbon emission data 2．What caused the main conflict during the negotiation? A．The deadline of quitting fossil fuels B．Standards of biodiversity protection C．The carrying out of climate aid funds D．Arrangement of global energy transformation 3．What can we learn from the scientific consensus? A．Carbon neutrality can only be achieved by cutting industrial emission B．Wildlife conservation helps realize carbon neutrality C．Human activity is the only cause of global warming D．All countries must follow same climate rules 4．What is the author’s attitude towards global climate cooperation? A．Cautiously optimistic B．Fully negative C．Totally uninterested D．Deeply doubtful 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍联合国气候大会SB64会议，介绍谈判议题、分歧、科学共识与青年代表发声，呼吁各国共同合作应对气候危机。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The two-week negotiation serves as technical preparation for COP31, the annual UN climate summit to be held in Türkiye this November.(这场为期两周的谈判是为将于今年11月在土耳其举办的联合国年度气候大会COP31做技术筹备。)”可知，SB64波恩会谈的主要任务是为COP31做技术准备。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The biggest controversy lies in climate funding. Poor island and African countries demanded wealthy nations honor (兑现) their $100 billion annual climate aid commitment.(最大的争议在于气候资金。贫困岛国和非洲国家要求富裕国家兑现每年1000亿美元气候援助的承诺。)”可知，谈判中的主要矛盾是气候援助资金的落实问题。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“It confirmed that wildlife protection and forest restoration play an irreplaceable role in achieving carbon neutrality.(它证实野生动物保护和森林修复在实现碳中和方面有着不可替代的作用。)”可知，保护野生动物有助于实现碳中和。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Experts reminded the public that huge disagreements remain between all parties. To achieve climate justice, developed countries must shoulder more historical responsibilities and offer financial and technical support to underdeveloped regions. Only joint global efforts can balance economic development and planetary ecological safety.(专家提醒公众各方之间仍存在巨大分歧。要实现气候公平，发达国家必须承担更多历史责任，向欠发达地区提供资金与技术支持。只有全球共同努力才能平衡经济发展与地球生态安全。)”可知，作者指出分歧尚存，但认为全球携手努力可以解决问题，由此可推断作者持谨慎乐观的态度。 Passage 2 （25-26高二下·山东威海·期中）Growing up in the 1980s in London, I could only enjoy fresh local strawberries for about a month each summer when they were in season. This short season created a special association with summer traditions — most notably the Wimbledon tennis tournament, where people consume over two million strawberries annually. Today, however, my children are likely to think of strawberries as I think of apples or bananas — affordable, year-round fruits, barely more remarkable than potatoes. The growth of the strawberry industry has been headlong, and shows few signs of slowing. It is impossible to separate this growth from the rise of petroleum (石油) over the same period, because plastics, pesticides and jet fuel are as essential to the industry as seeds and rainfall. Tender, sweet and quick to go bad, the history of the strawberry is shot through with challenges of growing it and getting it to market. The polymer (聚合物) innovation started to change that in the 1960s. Farmers started to cover their crops with poly-tunnels (塑料大棚) to protect them from rain and excessive sunlight, and ensure a constant high temperature that could extend the growing season well into the spring and autumn. Meanwhile, the clear plastic boxes also saved the day. With cold storage and air shipping, berries became a worldwide business. However, this progress comes with a cost. The environmental impact of such rapid expansion is significant. Increased production has led to higher resource consumption, land degradation (退化), and other ecological challenges. The intensive farming practices required to meet the growing demand for strawberries have put pressure on natural resources and ecosystems. The rise of strawberries as a global product is impressive, but it also serves as a reminder of the need to address the costs of such growth. 5．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 1? A．The seasonal significance of strawberries. B．The increasing availability of strawberries. C．The popularity of strawberries at Wimbledon. D．The comparison between strawberries and other fruits. 6．What role does petroleum play in the strawberry industry? A．It reduces the cost of production. B．It replaces traditional farming methods. C．It extends strawberries’ growing season. D．It provides essential materials for modern farming. 7．What does the author mean by saying “this progress comes with a cost” in paragraph 4? A．The progress requires more labor and time. B．The strawberry boom brings ecological issues. C．The quality of strawberries has decreased over time. D．The global demand for strawberries is unsustainable. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of strawberries? A．Critical. B．Indifferent. C．Concerned. D．Disappointed. 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文讲述草莓从应季水果变为全年供应的全球商品，依托石油相关技术发展，但产业扩张带来生态问题，作者对此表示担忧。 【详解】5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today, however, my children are likely to think of strawberries as I think of apples or bananas — affordable, year-round fruits, barely more remarkable than potatoes.(然而如今，我的孩子们可能会像我看待苹果或香蕉一样看待草莓 —— 价格实惠、全年供应的水果，几乎和土豆一样普通。)”可知，作者对比自己小时候只能短期吃到草莓，而现在草莓全年可得，本段主要讲草莓越来越容易买到。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段“It is impossible to separate this growth from the rise of petroleum (石油) over the same period, because plastics, pesticides and jet fuel are as essential to the industry as seeds and rainfall.(这种产业增长与同期石油产业的兴起密不可分，因为塑料、杀虫剂和航空燃料对该行业来说，和种子、雨水一样必不可少。)”可知，石油为现代草莓种植提供必需材料。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“However, this progress comes with a cost. The environmental impact of such rapid expansion is significant. Increased production has led to higher resource consumption, land degradation (退化), and other ecological challenges.(然而，这种进步是有代价的。如此快速扩张带来的环境影响巨大。产量增加导致资源消耗增多、土地退化以及其他生态难题。)”可知，“this progress comes with a cost”这句话是指草莓产业繁荣带来生态问题。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The rise of strawberries as a global product is impressive, but it also serves as a reminder of the need to address the costs of such growth.(草莓成为全球产品的发展令人惊叹，但它也提醒我们，需要应对这种增长所带来的代价。)”可知，作者认可产业发展，但对伴随而来的代价感到担忧。 Passage 3 （26-27高二上·湖南长沙·开学考试）Modern urban living exposes people to increasing amounts of artificial (人造的) light at night known as light pollution. While bright streetlights and building lights make cities safer and more convenient, scientists have found that constant nighttime light can greatly affect all living things. According to the latest data, the area covered by artificial light on the Earth’s surface grows by nearly 2.5% every year, and over 80% of the world’s population now lives in light pollution — a figure that rises to 99% in Europe and North America. Yet people’s awareness remains surprisingly low. For humans, irregular artificial light breaks the body’s natural biological clock, which adjusts itself according to the sunrise and sunset. Darkness at night signals the body to produce melatonin, a key chemical inside the human body that improves sleep quality. When bright light breaks this process, people may suffer from sleeplessness, daytime tiredness and poor concentration. Long-term exposure is also linked to higher risks of metabolic disorders and mood problems. Worse still, many people fail to connect their sleep troubles with unnecessary nighttime lighting around them. The impacts of artificial light go far beyond human beings. Many species rely on natural light cycles to guide migration (迁徙), breeding and feeding. Migratory birds often mistake bright city lights for starlight, leading them off their original routes and causing crashes with buildings. Sea turtles face similar trouble: newly born turtles depend on moonlight to find the ocean, yet bright coastal lights make them move inland, resulting in high death rates. Even insects, which form the base of many food chains, are attracted to artificial lights in large numbers, wearing themselves out and reducing food sources for birds and other animals. Combined efforts from cities and individuals can lessen the harm caused by light pollution and benefit both humans and wildlife. Cities can use warm, weak streetlights and turn off unnecessary decorative lights at night. Ordinary people can also help by using soft bedroom lights and avoiding screen use before bedtime. Small joint efforts can effectively reduce light pollution and protect both humans and nature. 9．What do the figures in paragraph 2 show? A．The world’s most brightly lit regions. B．The seriousness of light pollution. C．The benefits of urban artificial light. D．People’s growing awareness of light pollution. 10．Why does the author mention melatonin in paragraph 3? A．To show why humans need enough sleep. B．To recommend a treatment for sleeplessness. C．To explain how light pollution affects humans. D．To compare human bodies with those of animals. 11．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The impacts of light pollution on wildlife. B．Common dangers faced by wild animals in cities. C．Different living habits of various wild species. D．The importance of natural light for food chains. 12．What may the author agree with regarding artificial light? A．It protects wildlife occasionally. B．It makes the night sky even darker. C．Its advantages outweigh disadvantages. D．Collective efforts can cut down its harm. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 【导语】本文介绍了城市夜间人造光带来的光污染问题，通过数据说明其蔓延现状，阐释了对人类及野生动物的危害，并提出了城市与个人共同治理减轻光污染的可行方向。 【详解】9．推理判断题。根据第二段“According to the latest data, the area covered by artificial light on the Earth’s surface grows by nearly 2.5% every year, and over 80% of the world’s population now lives in light pollution — a figure that rises to 99% in Europe and North America.(根据最新数据，地球表面人造光覆盖的面积每年增长近2.5%，目前全球超过80%的人口生活在光污染中，这一比例在欧洲和北美上升到99%)”可知，这些数据清晰展现了人造光覆盖范围不断扩大、受影响人口占比极高的现状，直接说明光污染问题已经十分严峻。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“Darkness at night signals the body to produce melatonin, a key chemical inside the human body that improves sleep quality. When bright light breaks this process, people may suffer from sleeplessness, daytime tiredness and poor concentration.(夜晚的黑暗会向身体发出信号，促使身体生成褪黑激素——褪黑激素是人体内提升睡眠质量的关键化学物质。当亮光打破这一过程，人们就可能出现失眠、白天疲惫、注意力不集中等问题)”可知，作者提及褪黑激素是为了从生理层面解释，人造光是如何通过干扰人体自然节律影响健康的。 11．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The impacts of artificial light go far beyond human beings.(人造光的影响远不止局限于人类)”可知，首句点明光污染的危害不止局限于人类，随后分别介绍人造光干扰候鸟迁徙、误导新生海龟、消耗昆虫种群，最终破坏食物链，层层展现了光污染对野生动物的影响。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Combined efforts from cities and individuals can lessen the harm caused by light pollution and benefit both humans and wildlife.(城市和个人的共同努力能够减轻光污染造成的危害，造福人类和野生动物)”以及“Small joint efforts can effectively reduce light pollution and protect both humans and nature.(微小的共同努力可以有效减少光污染，保护人类和自然)”可知，作者认为城市与民众的共同努力能够有效减轻光污染带来的负面影响。 第4小题，看到文中仍存在各方巨大分歧，误选D，片面放大矛盾，忽略结尾全球携手努力可以化解危机这层信息，错把审慎看成深度怀疑； 第8小题，读到草莓产业扩张带来“生态代价”，误选A，把对 产业问题的警示等同于全盘批判，作者并非完全否定产业发展而是心怀担忧； 第11小题，阅读第四段可知列举 several species，误选D，把食物链这个局部细节当作整段的段落主旨。 文章介绍大学办公时间利用率低的现状，分析学生不参与的心理、现实原因，并说明改进措施与办公时间的价值。 【新素材・大学办公时间】Many college professors feel puzzled: though they set aside regular office hours to provide all sorts of help along students’ life journey, such as answering questions, offering guidance and brainstorming ideas, few students actually turn up. In fact, office hours have become one of the most valuable but seriously underused educational resources for college undergraduates. Students’ unwillingness to attend these sessions mainly arises from their psychological anxiety. Most students fear asking basic questions and appearing ignorant before professional professors. They also feel guilty about taking up professors’ spare time and feel awkward communicating face to face with unfamiliar professors. Additionally, a common misunderstanding holds that office hours are only for low-performing students. Influenced by this false belief, many excellent students deliberately give up this valuable chance. Besides mental barriers, practical difficulties also keep students from using office hours. Modern students live with tight daily schedules. Courses, part-time jobs, and various campus activities leave them little free time to match professors’ fixed hours. Worse still, quite a few students do not even know when office hours are held, as they never bother to check the course syllabus (教学大纲) or class website. Such mistakes require immediate correction. To improve the situation, some professors provide virtual office hours for more flexible choices, remind students of available time via emails, and encourage group visits to reduce students’ unease. Along with these efforts from professors, schools still strongly encourage active participation. The value of office hours should never be ignored. Accessible to all students, professors offer feedback on essay drafts and sound guidance on further study and career planning. Regular visitors can deepen their understanding of textbook knowledge and develop genuine bonds with professors, which helps them gain valuable recommendation letters for further education or job hunting. In reality, making full use of office hours is not a sign of weakness but a smart way to take control of one’s college studies. 1．What are office hours intended for? A．Offering all-round guidance. B．Giving advice on part-time jobs. C．Organizing campus activities. D．Evaluating students’ performance. 2．What does “ignorant” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Frustrated. B．Thoughtful. C．Overlooked. D．Unknowledgeable. 3．What adjustments do professors make to office hours? A．Providing online service. B．Easing students’ study burden. C．Adding group discussion. D．Increasing in-person meetings. 4．What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A．Benefits of office talks. B．Varieties of teachers’ duties. C．College spare-time plans. D．Office-hour troubles and fixes. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many college professors feel puzzled: though they set aside regular office hours to provide all sorts of help along students’ life journey, such as answering questions, offering guidance and brainstorming ideas, few students actually turn up. (许多大学教授感到困惑：尽管他们留出固定的办公时间，在学生的求学道路上提供各种各样的帮助，例如解答问题、提供指导以及构思想法，但实际前来的学生寥寥无几。)”可知，办公时间旨在为学生提供全方位的指导帮助。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Most students fear asking basic questions and appearing ignorant before professional professors. (大多数学生害怕询问基础问题，害怕在专业的教授面前显得ignorant。)”可知，学生因怕问基础问题、显露学识匮乏而不敢找教授，由此猜测ignorant意为“无知的、学识浅薄的”，与unknowledgeable同义。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“To improve the situation, some professors provide virtual office hours for more flexible choices, remind students of available time via emails, and encourage group visits to reduce students’ unease. (为改善这一状况，一些教授提供线上办公时间以提供更灵活的选择，通过邮件提醒学生可预约的时间，并鼓励学生结伴来访以缓解不安情绪。)”可知，教授做出的调整是提供线上办公服务。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Accessible to all students, professors offer feedback on essay drafts and sound guidance on further study and career planning. Regular visitors can deepen their understanding of textbook knowledge and develop genuine bonds with professors, which helps them gain valuable recommendation letters for further education or job hunting. In reality, making full use of office hours is not a sign of weakness but a smart way to take control of one’s college studies. (课程面向所有学生开放，教授们将对论文草稿提供反馈，并就进一步学习及职业规划给予专业指导。常客不仅能深化对教科书知识的理解，还能与教授建立真挚的联系，从而为后续深造或求职获取宝贵的推荐信。事实上，充分利用办公时间并非软弱的表现，而是一种高效管理大学学业的明智之举。)”可知，本段主要讲述了学生参与办公时间交流的诸多益处。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题01 阅读理解4大常考话题 话题1 幽默 话题2 教育 话题3 多媒体 话题4 环境保护 ① 通读篇章，理清文章主旨、段落逻辑与作者态度； ② 细节理解题：定位原文找题干关键词，比对选项，谨防偷换概念、扩大缩小范围、无中生有； ③ 词义猜测题：依托上下文语境线索（转折、因果、举例、同义反义）推断词义，不要凭固有主观印象； ④ 主旨大意题：重点看首尾段、段落主题句，区分局部细节和全文主旨，排除以偏概全选项。 话题1 幽默（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·黑龙江绥化·期中）Humor is an important part of life that many people often overlook. It is not just about telling jokes or making people laugh; it has deeper meanings and benefits for our physical and mental health. Firstly, humor helps reduce stress. When we laugh, our bodies release endorphins (内啡肽), which are natural chemicals that make us feel happy and relaxed. This can help ease the pressure from work, study, or daily life. Secondly, humor strengthens relationships. Sharing a laugh with friends, family, or colleagues can create a friendly and warm atmosphere, making people closer to each other. It helps resolve small conflicts and makes communication smoother. However, some people think that humor is not suitable for serious situations. But in fact, appropriate humor can lighten the mood even in difficult times. For example, during a tough exam period, a teacher’s funny comment can help students relax and focus better. It is not about being disrespectful, but about finding a balance between seriousness and lightheartedness. In conclusion, humor is a valuable skill that everyone should develop. It can improve our well-being, enhance our relationships, and make life more enjoyable. We should learn to find humor in daily life and use it wisely. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The ways to tell funny jokes. B．The importance and benefits of humor. C．How to use humor in serious situations. D．The differences between humor and jokes. 2．How does humor help reduce stress? A．By resolving big conflicts. B．By improving communication skills. C．By releasing endorphins in the body. D．By creating a friendly atmosphere. 3．What do some people think about humor? A．It is suitable for all situations. B．It is not proper in serious moments. C．It can only be used among friends. D．It is difficult to develop. 4．The example in Paragraph 3 shows that ________. A．teachers should tell jokes to students every day B．exams are always stressful for students C．humor can be used in difficult situations D．students need to relax before exams Passage 2 （25-26高二上·山西·期中）A new study gives “funny or die” a whole new meaning. Published in April in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, the research found that women with a strong sense of humor tend to live longer — even when they get sick, especially from heart disease or infections. For men, having a joyful personality also helped protect against infections. Norwegian researchers followed 53,556 women and men over 15 years. They wanted to see if a sense of humor could affect how long people live. The team used a detailed questionnaire to measure different parts of humor — like how people think, socialize, and feel about funny situations. They then looked at deaths from several diseases, including heart disease, infections, cancer, and lung disease. The results showed that women who scored high in the “thinking” part of humor had: ·A 48% lower risk of dying from any cause, ·A 73% lower risk of dying from heart disease, ·And an 83% lower risk of dying from infections. For men, the benefit was only seen in infections — those with high humor scores had a 74% lower risk of dying from them. Researchers think this difference between men and women might be because men’s sense of humor slightly decreased as they got older. Also, the social and emotional parts of humor didn’t show any clear effect on how long people lived. According to Sven Svebak, a professor who co-authored the study, the thinking part of humor is a stable personality trait (特性). It affects how people understand everyday events. This can help reduce social conflicts and stress and prevent stress hormones like cortisol(皮质醇) from rising too much. When cortisol stays high for a long time, it weakens the immune system. Although genes partly decide our sense of humor, it’s also shaped by life experiences. Svebak says children who don’t see adults using humor to deal with problems may not use it themselves when they grow up. But don’t worry if your childhood wasn’t filled with laughter — studies show it’s never too late to learn to laugh at life’s absurdities (荒谬). 5．How did the researchers carry out their study? A．By assigning tasks. B．By doing an interview. C．By doing field research. D．By designing questions. 6．Which part of humor has clearly affected people’s life according to the study? A．The social part. B．The cultural part. C．The thinking part. D．The emotional part. 7．What can be inferred about our sense of humor according to Svebak? A．Genes alone play a key role. B．It can be acquired when we grow up. C．It must be developed since childhood. D．It is rarely shaped by life experiences. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Laugh Lots, Live Longer B．Art of Growing Young C．The Best Medicine for Us D．Be Funny or Die Young Passage 3 （25-26高二上·辽宁·阶段检测）Laughter is often called the best medicine, but according to a new study led by researchers from Pennsylvania State University, it could also serve as an effective parenting tool. “Humor can teach people cognitive (认知的) flexibility, relieve stress, and promote creative problem solving and resilience,” noted Benjamin Levi, the senior author of the study. The researchers surveyed 312 individuals aged 18 to 45. More than half reported being raised by caregivers who used humor, and 71.8% agreed that humor can be an effective parenting tool. The majority also said they either use or plan to use humor with their children and believe it has more potential benefits than drawbacks. The researchers also found that among those who reported that their parents used humor, 50.5% said they had a good relationship with their parents, and 44.2% felt their parents did a good job raising them. On the contrary, among those whose parents didn’t use humor, only 2.9% reported having a good relationship with their parents, and just 3.6% believed their parents had done a good job. According to the study’s first author Lucy Emery, both business and parenting are hierarchical (等级制的). “In business, humor is shown to help reduce hierarchies, create better environments for collaboration and creativity, and relieve tension,” she said, noting that while parent-child relationships are more loving than business relationships, stressful situations are common in parenting. “Humor can help reduce that tension and hierarchy, making both parties feel better about stressful situations.” The study authors noted that if these findings are generalizable, they potentially open the door to a much deeper exploration of how “parenting humor” can be appropriately applied to enhancing the experiences of both children and their parents. “To that end, we should examine how parents currently use different kinds of humor, and how to map these uses of humor onto existing knowledge and theory,” Levi said. 9．What’s the purpose of the new study? A．To prove strict parenting is outdated. B．To measure different people’s sense of humor. C．To explore humor’s role in parenting. D．To compare humor in parenting and business. 10．What might happen to humorous parents according to the study? A．They bond better with their children. B．They tend to be successful in business. C．They avoid conflicts with their children. D．They face challenges in establishing authority. 11．What is humor’s role in business? A．Creating a formal environment. B．Maintaining authority structures. C．Making relationships feel more balanced. D．Increasing power differences between parties. 12．How does the author end this text? A．By offering choices of new research methods. B．By discussing the direction for further research. C．By stressing the need to involve more participants. D．By mentioning potential applications of the findings. Passage 4 （2026·山东·三模）Picture this: Becky entered a restaurant, waving at the friends already seated. She tripped over a chair on her way to join them, only just catching herself before hitting the floor. What would you do if you were Becky? Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam’s Goksel and his colleagues note that rather than just express your embarrassment or ignore the obvious, being able to laugh at yourself after committing a faux pas (失礼之举) should be your choice. All of this is fine if no one actually does get hurt (other than yourself). If Becky tipped over a wine glass on the table top, ruining the white dress of the woman seated at the table, it would be not so funny anymore. This problem can be translated into more academic terms: theories of affective deviance (情感偏差), which argue that reputation is negatively affected when one’s emotional expression mismatches their actions. To test out the factors that influence the best response to a bad situation, researchers conducted a series of six experiments involving just over 3200 people. They asked participants to imagine attending a dinner party at a friend’s house and chatting with the friend’s cousin. Each participant imagined scenarios (场景) in which they would admit a mistake to this stranger, including falling on a public street, missing one’s mother’s birthday, asking a woman who was not pregnant when her due date was and so on. Taking all the findings together, the authors constructed a model with character judgments of the offender as the final outcome. In this model, the display of amusement or embarrassment plus amount of harm predicted perceived emotional miscalibration (情绪失衡) and perceived embarrassment which, in turn, predicted how the actor was regarded by observers. The findings of this study showed that amusement won out over embarrassment as long as the outcome caused little harm. Laughter works because you also project a more authentic version of yourself to others than if you show embarrassment. Becky’s ability to laugh at the restaurant incident would not only ease the tension, but also show that she doesn’t fear looking awkward. 13．Why is Becky’s experience mentioned? A．To describe a common occurrence. B．To joke about her clumsy behavior. C．To introduce the topic naturally. D．To lead to a popular wisdom. 14．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．Challenging a view. B．Illustrating a theory. C．Sharing an experience. D．Raising an alert. 15．Which is a suitable case to joke about awkward behavior? A．Being late for a job interview. B．Mistaking a lady for being pregnant. C．Dirtying others’ clothes unintentionally. D．Slipping accidentally in an empty street. 16．What do the findings of the study imply? A．Self-teasing softens harmless awkwardness. B．Laughter is the best pass to amusement. C．Minor errors might cause great harm. D．Embarrassment displays sincerity. 第1小题，看到文中多处讲到幽默带来各类好处，误选C，混淆段落局部信息和全文主旨，C只是文中一个分角度并非文章中心； 第8小题，只抓住文章幽默长寿这一核心含义，误选D，被原文短语“funny or die”字面迷惑，D选项语气偏激不符合作者客观陈述； 第13小题，看到贝基摔倒是日常生活情景，误选A，把篇首举例的写作引子功能错当成单纯描述生活常见现象。 话题2 教育（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·广东中山·期末）Graduation season is always full of speeches from successful graduates. They talk about their straight A grades, perfect college applications and dream job offers. These polished stories are repeated again and again, on school stages and social media. Rarely, however, do we hear from those who have faced setbacks (挫折) — students who failed exams, missed their target universities or struggled to find jobs after graduation. Now, a new study suggests that these “failure stories” could be far more valuable to students than they are currently seen to be. Researchers from an American education institute found that sharing experiences of academic or career setbacks can reduce students’ fear of failure by nearly 70 percent. In their experiment, high school students hearing talks from schoolmates who had failed major exams reported 40 percent less exam anxiety than those exposed only to top performers’ experiences. Crucially, the impact depends on how relatable the story is. The study found that students were most affected when the speaker shared not just the failure itself, but also the messy process of recovering from it. However, the research also noted that schools rarely train speakers to share their difficult life moments. Still, the findings highlight a major gap in education’s approach to success. Even when schools claim to teach resilience (恢复力), they continue to celebrate only the “perfect” success stories. This one-sided focus creates a false idea that achievement is a straight path, making students feel ashamed when they face any setback. Educators are still debating how to balance celebrating success and normalizing failure — but what they do know is that hiding setbacks harms students’ mental health. The new study suggests that inviting “unsuccessful” students to share could be a simple tool to build a healthier school culture. “These stories don’t discourage students,” says Dr. Maria Lopez, a psychologist who was not involved in the research. “They give them hope that it’s okay to not have everything figured out yet.” 1．How does the author present the problem in the first paragraph? A．By giving an example. B．By providing statistics. C．By defining a concept. D．By making a comparison. 2．What determines the effectiveness of a failure story in reducing students’ anxiety? A．The speaker’s hard-won success. B．The bond felt by the students. C．The training provided by the school. D．The messiness of the recovery. 3．What is Dr. Lopez’s attitude towards inviting failed students to share their experiences? A．Doubtful. B．Cautious. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Silent Value of Failure B．A Study on Graduation Speeches C．Polished Stories From Losers D．Balance Between Success and Failure Passage 2 （25-26高二下·四川雅安·期末）A 2015 study by the American Psychological Association (APA) followed two groups of teenagers over three years. One group spent two hours weekly in a traditional classroom review session, while the other participated in a structured gardening and cooking (G&C) program. The results showed that the latter group demonstrated significantly better problem-solving skills when faced with open-ended challenges. More notably, they reported higher levels of self-worth, stating that watching a seed turn into a meal gave them a sense of competence that test scores never could. Critics argue that focusing on labor distracts from academic performance. Yet, experts in adolescent development insist that the opposite is true. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi — a renowned expert on happiness and creativity — introduced the concept of “flow”, a state of deep focus where individuals lose track of time because they are fully engaged in an activity. According to Csikszentmihalyi, activities like gardening, cooking, or fixing a chair can easily produce flow. This state, he argued, strengthens mental clarity and brings long-term cognitive benefits. This is not about bringing back the era of child labor, but about reclaiming a balance. The Finnish education system, consistently ranked among the best in the world by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), has long integrated “real-world craftsmanship” into its core curriculum. Finnish students learn to knit, saw, and cook alongside math and literature. The philosophy is simple: respect for labor cultivates respect for community and self. As one Finnish educator put it, “When a student spends a month building a wooden stool, they learn patience, the cost of error, and the pride of creation.” As schools shift toward college preparation, the value of “getting one’s hands dirty” is sometimes lost. But as more schools adopt project-based learning and labor education programs worldwide, there is hope that the next generation will redefine labor — not as a punishment, but as a path to becoming well-rounded individuals. 5．What can be known about the two groups of teenagers in the APA study? A．The G&C group tackled challenges better. B．The G&C group achieved better test scores. C．They showed equal improvement in self-worth. D．The review group spent less time on academic tasks. 6．Which of the following may Csikszentmihalyi agree with? A．Labor sharpens the mind. B．Flow occurs during leisure activities. C．Labor distracts teenagers from academics. D．Multitasking is essential for cognitive development. 7．Why does the author mention the Finnish education system? A．To prove Finnish students study less. B．To show Finland values labor over math. C．To give an example of balancing labor and academics. D．To criticize other countries for ignoring manual training. 8．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the reasons behind child labor. B．To argue for the value of labor in education. C．To compare classroom learning with hands-on learning. D．To introduce gardening and cooking programs worldwide. Passage 3 （25-26高二下·云南昭通·期末）Artificial intelligence is bringing great changes to the field of education. Traditional teaching mode often follows the same process for all students, disregarding their differences in learning ability, interest and progress. However, AI-powered education can provide a personalized learning experience for each student, which is considered the future direction of education. AI education systems can collect and analyze students’ learning data in real time, including their homework completion, test results and learning habits. Based on the data, the system can find out students’ weak points and provide targeted learning materials and exercises. Students can study at their own pace, review difficult points repeatedly and skip what they have mastered. Teachers also benefit a lot from AI technology. AI can help teachers correct homework and papers automatically, saving a lot of time and energy. Teachers can focus more on communicating with students, guiding their thinking and caring about their mental health. In addition, AI can provide teaching suggestions and help teachers improve their teaching plans constantly. Despite the advantages of AI in education, there are still worries and challenges. Some people are concerned that students may rely too much on AI and lose their ability of independent thinking. The safety of students’ learning data and privacy protection are also important issues that cannot be ignored. Experts suggest that AI should be used as a helpful tool rather than a replacement of teachers. Only by combining AI technology with teachers’ professional guidance can education achieve better results and help students develop in an all-round way. 9．What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 1? A．Ignoring. B．Valuing. C．Assessing. D．Considering. 10．What is the function of AI education systems according to the text? A．Change students’ bad learning habits directly through data. B．Provide the same exercises for every student in learning. C．Simply collect students’ homework papers and test scores. D．Figure out students’ learning shortcomings with instant data. 11．What do experts imply in the last paragraph? A．We should stop using AI in education. B．Teachers’ role is still irreplaceable in education. C．AI will finally take the place of teachers in the future. D．AI technology works better without teachers’ guidance. 12．Which is the best title for the passage? A．AI: A New Helper in Education B．How to Protect Students’ Privacy C．Traditional Teaching and Its Problems D．The Disadvantages of Modern Education Passage 4 （25-26高二下·广东珠海·期末）During the Little Ice Age, the Inuit and the Norse coexisted in Greenland. Although both groups faced the same climate challenges, their fates were different. Why the Inuit thrived while the Norse declined has confused archaeologists for decades. To answer this question, the researchers investigated the issue from a new perspective. A study published in the European Journal of Archaeology by Mathilde Meyer and Dr. Felix Riede reveals the unexpected role of childhood play. The research team analyzed toys unearthed from archaeological sites. The Norse settlements yielded 72 toys. The Inuit settlements, located in similar environmental conditions, yielded 2,397 toys. The study revealed that the Inuit created a much broader and more varied range of toys. These included miniatures of kayaks, knives, and lamps, each designed to teach specific practical skills. In contrast, Norse toys were limited to objects related to traditional agricultural activities, such as bird figures and domestic tools. Dr. Riede explains, “The Inuit’s toys not only mirrored their survival strategies but also actively cultivated innovation among children. The Norse toys, however, stressed a conventional way of life.” More strikingly, the Inuit children’s play grew dramatically over time. This may reflect a deliberate cultural response to environmental pressures. The Inuit’s developmental environment for children emphasized exploration. These practices allowed children to experience new technologies and strategies, such as dog sleds and the umiaq (a large boat), crucial for surviving the harsh conditions. Over time, Inuit toys also revealed subtle shifts in design and emphasis that corresponded to broader ecological and social changes. By contrast, the Norse stuck to established norms, limiting their capacity to innovate or transition to marine-based economies. Though the lack of toys may indicate that Norse society was less creative from the start, the researchers argue that their tendency to give irrelevant toys intensified any initial lack of creativity and ultimately reduced their chances of survival. By contrast, the Inuit’s preference for various and relevant toys paved the way for their children. This research invites reflection on how contemporary societies and modern parents educate children to face future challenges, such as climate change and social crises. 13．What is the main purpose of the new study? A．To solve a historical survival mystery. B．To contrast two parenting philosophies. C．To offer a solution to climate challenges. D．To document two ancient lifestyles. 14．What advantages did Inuit toys have over Norse toys? A．Variety and durability. B．Diversity and adaptability. C．Practicality and stability. D．Creativity and complexity. 15．What did the change in Inuit children’s play over time suggest? A．Sufficient play could reduce survival threats. B．Exposure to more toys improved kids’ creativity. C．Traditional wisdom was overlooked for survival. D．Experimental play facilitated cultural adaptation. 16．What lesson can modern parents draw from the study? A．Offer a wide range of learning opportunities. B．Emphasize toys that promote imagination. C．Choose toys that develop real-world skills. D．Encourage cooperative role-playing games. 第4小题，只看到文章反复谈及成功与失败，误选D，混淆文章主题和表层话题，D侧重二者之间的平衡并非本文核心主旨； 第8小题，看到文中对比课堂学习和实操活动，误选C，把写作手法当成写作目的，本文并非对比两类学习而是论证劳动教育价值； 第13小题，读到文章后半部分谈及玩具对育儿的启示，误选B，错把文末引申反思当作该项新研究本身的主要目的。 话题3 多媒体（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江苏苏州·期中）Online short-form video has shifted from a light distraction to a constant background in many children’s lives. What used to fill a spare moment now shapes how young people relax and communicate, with platforms like TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts drawing in millions through endlessly personalized feeds. While these apps offer fun and connection, their design encourages long periods of rapid scrolling that can be difficult for young users to manage. Short-form videos are engineered to capture the brain’s desire for novelty, with each swipe (滑动) promising something different. Because the feed rarely pauses, the natural breaks that help attention reset disappear. Over time, this constant stimulation (刺激) can weaken self control and sustained focus, creating a cycle that is hard to break. Sleep is one of the clearest areas where this causes harm. The bright light from screens delays sleep, while the emotional highs and lows of rapid content make it difficult for the brain to settle. Beyond sleep disturbances, the constant stream of peer images can lead to comparison. Pre-teens may internalize unrealistic standards of popularity and appearance, causing lower self-respect and anxiety. Younger children are especially at risk due to less mature self-regulation and a more fragile sense of identity. This consumption pattern matters because childhood is a critical period for learning how to tolerate boredom and handle uncomfortable feelings. When every quiet moment is filled with quick entertainment, children lose chances to practice daydreaming, invent games, or simply let their thoughts wander. Unstructured time is essential for young minds to learn how to calm themselves and develop internal focus. Fortunately, there are encouraging signs of change. Governments and schools begin to address digital wellbeing more directly. At home, establishing simple family rules, such as keeping devices out of bedrooms, can protect sleep and reduce late-night scrolling. With thoughtful support, responsive policies, and safer platform design, children can enjoy these videos without harming their wellbeing or development. 1．How does short-form video affect attention according to the text? A．It trains self-control. B．It removes natural breaks. C．It adds longer pauses. D．It satisfies the need for novelty. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The impact of sleep loss. B．The anxiety of peer comparison. C．The risk of identity crisis. D．The harm of constant stimulation. 3．What does the author imply about unstructured time? A．It increases screen dependency. B．It benefits children’s development. C．It should be replaced by activities. D．It is less important than schooling. 4．What does the author suggest to improve children’s digital wellbeing? A．Making videos more engaging. B．Restricting device use at home. C．Adopting a multi-party approach. D．Leaving device rules to schools. Passage 2 （25-26高二下·山西阳泉·期末）Middle-school aged children who use the Internet and social media recreationally for more than an hour each day during the school week have significantly lower grades, according to a study from the Center for Gambling Studies at Rutgers University-New Brunswick. “During the pandemic, technology has been essential to remote learning. Meanwhile, a concern grows among parents that using technology may affect children’s education by developing undesirable study habits and reducing time on learning activities.” said lead author Vivien Anthony (Wen Li), an assistant professor at the School of Social Work and research associate at the Rutgers Center for Gambling Studies. “That’s why we began this study.” The researchers, including Professor Lia Nower of the Rutgers Center for Gambling Studies and a researcher from Renmin University of China, analyzed the China Education Panel Survey data, a national survey of educational needs and outcomes of children in China. Approximately 10,000 first-year middle school students were surveyed and followed. The results showed that children using the Internet and social media for entertainment four or more hours daily were four times more likely to skip school than those who did not. Boys showed lower school engagement levels than girls. However, children who used technology in moderation (i.e., less than one hour per day on weekends) experienced less boredom at school, potentially due to the positive effects of participation in social media like peer bonding. Using technology for entertainment in moderation advanced children’s cognitive development. “Such findings are critical, particularly in light of the recent movement toward online learning throughout the world,” said Anthony, “But time limits should be placed on children’s technology use to help them foster effective time management and self-regulation skills.” 5．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A．Children’s study habits of using social media. B．Student’s learning activities during the pandemic. C．Teachers’ teaching methods about remote learning. D．Parents’ concern about technology’s influence on kids. 6．What can we learn about China Education Panel Survey data in paragraph 3? A．It collects 10000 graduates’ data. B．It comes from a Chinese university. C．It provides authoritative information. D．It illustrates world’s educational needs. 7．What is the result of research in paragraph 4? A．Boys are more likely to skip school. B．Girls are more engaged in learning at school. C．Girls develop better in cognitive development. D．Boys prefer to build relationship in social media. 8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Education. B．Health. C．Science. D．Entertainment. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·湖南株洲·期中）Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 9．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 10．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 11．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. Passage 4 （25-26高二下·江西赣州·期末）Like many dieters, have you ever avoided watching food videos online? Are you afraid that photos of desserts will fuel your hunger? Do you stay away from food accounts at night? Of course, that’s what conventional dieting wisdom has always suggested. But a new study published in Computers in Human Behavior flips that advice on its head. Researchers found evidence for what they call “cross-modal satiation (跨模态饱腹感)”, a process in which simply watching videos of tasty but unhealthy food may weaken people’s desire to eat, even without taking a single bite. The researchers conducted three related experiments using both healthy and unhealthy food videos. In the first experiment, participants were divided into groups based on whether they were on a diet. Dieters clicked on more unhealthy food clips while non-dieters showed no preference either way. The second experiment dug into why. After measuring each person’s tendency to suppress (抑制) food-related thoughts, they found that people with stronger self-control over food thoughts were more attracted to unhealthy food videos. It’s a common psychological reaction — the more people tried not to think about chocolate cake, the more they wanted to watch videos about it. In the third experiment, participants were randomly assigned to either hold back food-related thoughts or freely think about high-calorie food. Then they looked at the food videos. As they left the lab, they could take chocolate bars. The result showed those who suppressed thoughts about unhealthy desserts picked up fewer chocolates. In other words, they seemed to have less desire to eat after viewing the dessert food videos, just like “getting full by sight”. These findings suggest that dieting apps may show attractive food photos to weaken users’ appetite, instead of restricting their exposure to food videos. However, the research mainly focused on participants’ reactions to chocolate. Even so, the findings offer guidance to people who want to lose weight. The screen might be doing some of the work that a plate would have done. 13．Why does the author raise questions in paragraph 1? A．To express some doubts. B．To test readers’ knowledge. C．To invite readers to answer. D．To attract readers’ attention. 14．How does “cross-modal satiation” work according to the research? A．Eating after viewing satisfies hunger. B．Avoiding food videos increases appetite. C．Thinking about food increases consumption. D．Viewing junk food videos reduces appetite. 15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Apps ensure weight loss. B．More studies are needed. C．The evidence is conclusive. D．Food videos increase appetite. 16．What is the best title of the text? A．Focusing on Health, Not on Food B．Relying on Apps, Not on Diets C．Feeding on Screens, Not on Plates D．Dieting on Discipline, Not on Videos 第2小题，只盯住睡眠受害这一个细节信息，误选A，把段落局部例子当成段落主旨，本段重在剖析持续刺激带来的多重危害； 第8小题，看到文中出现大量研究实验，误选C，混淆研究载体与文章主题，文章话题围绕学生教育而非科学板块； 第13小题，看到开篇一连串设问句式，误选A，把引出话题的写作手法错当成作者自身表达内心疑惑。 话题4 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （26-27高二上·河南南阳·阶段检测）The 64th sessions of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (SB64) officially opened in Bonn, Germany, on June 8, 2026, gathering over 7,000 delegates (代表) from nearly 200 countries, environmental NGOs and youth climate activists. The two-week negotiation serves as technical preparation for COP31, the annual UN climate summit to be held in Türkiye this November. Simon Stiell, Executive Secretary of UN Climate Change, delivered a tough opening speech, urging nations to turn empty pledges (承诺) into real action. He warned current carbon reduction goals are far from enough to limit global temperature rise within 1.5℃. Frequent extreme weather in 2026, including South Asian heatwaves, European wildfires and Southeast Asian floods, has proved the severe consequence of delayed climate action. Three topics stood out in the negotiations: climate finance for vulnerable developing countries, global low-carbon energy transition, and biodiversity protection. The biggest controversy lies in climate funding. Poor island and African countries demanded wealthy nations honor (兑现) their $100 billion annual climate aid commitment. They complained complicated application procedures blocked them from building flood defenses and green energy facilities. However, fossil fuel-exporting countries opposed rapid energy transformation, for fear of damaging local economy and employment. A major highlight of SB64 is the release of a global scientific consensus (共识) on June 11. It confirmed that wildlife protection and forest restoration play an irreplaceable role in achieving carbon neutrality. Biodiversity loss will weaken the earth’s carbon absorption ability, forming a vicious cycle of global warming. Negotiators reached a preliminary (初步的) agreement to add ecological protection rules to national climate plans. Notably, teenage climate activists obtained unprecedented (史无前例的) speaking rights at the conference. They appealed for compulsory low-carbon school education and stricter bans on single-use plastic. Besides, they criticized multinational corporations for investing heavily in fossil fuels while covering up the fact with superficial environmental charity work. Officials also discussed EU’s new 1-billion-euro green hydrogen fund and China-EU-Brazil carbon market cooperation. Experts reminded the public that huge disagreements remain between all parties. To achieve climate justice, developed countries must shoulder more historical responsibilities and offer financial and technical support to underdeveloped regions. Only joint global efforts can balance economic development and planetary ecological safety. 1．What is the main task of SB64 Bonn talks? A．To sign a formal global climate treaty B．To make technical preparations for COP31 C．To solve global extreme weather problems D．To supervise global carbon emission data 2．What caused the main conflict during the negotiation? A．The deadline of quitting fossil fuels B．Standards of biodiversity protection C．The carrying out of climate aid funds D．Arrangement of global energy transformation 3．What can we learn from the scientific consensus? A．Carbon neutrality can only be achieved by cutting industrial emission B．Wildlife conservation helps realize carbon neutrality C．Human activity is the only cause of global warming D．All countries must follow same climate rules 4．What is the author’s attitude towards global climate cooperation? A．Cautiously optimistic B．Fully negative C．Totally uninterested D．Deeply doubtful Passage 2 （25-26高二下·山东威海·期中）Growing up in the 1980s in London, I could only enjoy fresh local strawberries for about a month each summer when they were in season. This short season created a special association with summer traditions — most notably the Wimbledon tennis tournament, where people consume over two million strawberries annually. Today, however, my children are likely to think of strawberries as I think of apples or bananas — affordable, year-round fruits, barely more remarkable than potatoes. The growth of the strawberry industry has been headlong, and shows few signs of slowing. It is impossible to separate this growth from the rise of petroleum (石油) over the same period, because plastics, pesticides and jet fuel are as essential to the industry as seeds and rainfall. Tender, sweet and quick to go bad, the history of the strawberry is shot through with challenges of growing it and getting it to market. The polymer (聚合物) innovation started to change that in the 1960s. Farmers started to cover their crops with poly-tunnels (塑料大棚) to protect them from rain and excessive sunlight, and ensure a constant high temperature that could extend the growing season well into the spring and autumn. Meanwhile, the clear plastic boxes also saved the day. With cold storage and air shipping, berries became a worldwide business. However, this progress comes with a cost. The environmental impact of such rapid expansion is significant. Increased production has led to higher resource consumption, land degradation (退化), and other ecological challenges. The intensive farming practices required to meet the growing demand for strawberries have put pressure on natural resources and ecosystems. The rise of strawberries as a global product is impressive, but it also serves as a reminder of the need to address the costs of such growth. 5．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 1? A．The seasonal significance of strawberries. B．The increasing availability of strawberries. C．The popularity of strawberries at Wimbledon. D．The comparison between strawberries and other fruits. 6．What role does petroleum play in the strawberry industry? A．It reduces the cost of production. B．It replaces traditional farming methods. C．It extends strawberries’ growing season. D．It provides essential materials for modern farming. 7．What does the author mean by saying “this progress comes with a cost” in paragraph 4? A．The progress requires more labor and time. B．The strawberry boom brings ecological issues. C．The quality of strawberries has decreased over time. D．The global demand for strawberries is unsustainable. 8．What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of strawberries? A．Critical. B．Indifferent. C．Concerned. D．Disappointed. Passage 3 （26-27高二上·湖南长沙·开学考试）Modern urban living exposes people to increasing amounts of artificial (人造的) light at night known as light pollution. While bright streetlights and building lights make cities safer and more convenient, scientists have found that constant nighttime light can greatly affect all living things. According to the latest data, the area covered by artificial light on the Earth’s surface grows by nearly 2.5% every year, and over 80% of the world’s population now lives in light pollution — a figure that rises to 99% in Europe and North America. Yet people’s awareness remains surprisingly low. For humans, irregular artificial light breaks the body’s natural biological clock, which adjusts itself according to the sunrise and sunset. Darkness at night signals the body to produce melatonin, a key chemical inside the human body that improves sleep quality. When bright light breaks this process, people may suffer from sleeplessness, daytime tiredness and poor concentration. Long-term exposure is also linked to higher risks of metabolic disorders and mood problems. Worse still, many people fail to connect their sleep troubles with unnecessary nighttime lighting around them. The impacts of artificial light go far beyond human beings. Many species rely on natural light cycles to guide migration (迁徙), breeding and feeding. Migratory birds often mistake bright city lights for starlight, leading them off their original routes and causing crashes with buildings. Sea turtles face similar trouble: newly born turtles depend on moonlight to find the ocean, yet bright coastal lights make them move inland, resulting in high death rates. Even insects, which form the base of many food chains, are attracted to artificial lights in large numbers, wearing themselves out and reducing food sources for birds and other animals. Combined efforts from cities and individuals can lessen the harm caused by light pollution and benefit both humans and wildlife. Cities can use warm, weak streetlights and turn off unnecessary decorative lights at night. Ordinary people can also help by using soft bedroom lights and avoiding screen use before bedtime. Small joint efforts can effectively reduce light pollution and protect both humans and nature. 9．What do the figures in paragraph 2 show? A．The world’s most brightly lit regions. B．The seriousness of light pollution. C．The benefits of urban artificial light. D．People’s growing awareness of light pollution. 10．Why does the author mention melatonin in paragraph 3? A．To show why humans need enough sleep. B．To recommend a treatment for sleeplessness. C．To explain how light pollution affects humans. D．To compare human bodies with those of animals. 11．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The impacts of light pollution on wildlife. B．Common dangers faced by wild animals in cities. C．Different living habits of various wild species. D．The importance of natural light for food chains. 12．What may the author agree with regarding artificial light? A．It protects wildlife occasionally. B．It makes the night sky even darker. C．Its advantages outweigh disadvantages. D．Collective efforts can cut down its harm. 第4小题，看到文中仍存在各方巨大分歧，误选D，片面放大矛盾，忽略结尾全球携手努力可以化解危机这层信息，错把审慎看成深度怀疑； 第8小题，读到草莓产业扩张带来“生态代价”，误选A，把对 产业问题的警示等同于全盘批判，作者并非完全否定产业发展而是心怀担忧； 第11小题，阅读第四段可知列举 several species，误选D，把食物链这个局部细节当作整段的段落主旨。 文章介绍大学办公时间利用率低的现状，分析学生不参与的心理、现实原因，并说明改进措施与办公时间的价值。 【新素材・大学办公时间】Many college professors feel puzzled: though they set aside regular office hours to provide all sorts of help along students’ life journey, such as answering questions, offering guidance and brainstorming ideas, few students actually turn up. In fact, office hours have become one of the most valuable but seriously underused educational resources for college undergraduates. Students’ unwillingness to attend these sessions mainly arises from their psychological anxiety. Most students fear asking basic questions and appearing ignorant before professional professors. They also feel guilty about taking up professors’ spare time and feel awkward communicating face to face with unfamiliar professors. Additionally, a common misunderstanding holds that office hours are only for low-performing students. Influenced by this false belief, many excellent students deliberately give up this valuable chance. Besides mental barriers, practical difficulties also keep students from using office hours. Modern students live with tight daily schedules. Courses, part-time jobs, and various campus activities leave them little free time to match professors’ fixed hours. Worse still, quite a few students do not even know when office hours are held, as they never bother to check the course syllabus (教学大纲) or class website. Such mistakes require immediate correction. To improve the situation, some professors provide virtual office hours for more flexible choices, remind students of available time via emails, and encourage group visits to reduce students’ unease. Along with these efforts from professors, schools still strongly encourage active participation. The value of office hours should never be ignored. Accessible to all students, professors offer feedback on essay drafts and sound guidance on further study and career planning. Regular visitors can deepen their understanding of textbook knowledge and develop genuine bonds with professors, which helps them gain valuable recommendation letters for further education or job hunting. In reality, making full use of office hours is not a sign of weakness but a smart way to take control of one’s college studies. 1．What are office hours intended for? A．Offering all-round guidance. B．Giving advice on part-time jobs. C．Organizing campus activities. D．Evaluating students’ performance. 2．What does “ignorant” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Frustrated. B．Thoughtful. C．Overlooked. D．Unknowledgeable. 3．What adjustments do professors make to office hours? A．Providing online service. B．Easing students’ study burden. C．Adding group discussion. D．Increasing in-person meetings. 4．What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A．Benefits of office talks. B．Varieties of teachers’ duties. C．College spare-time plans. D．Office-hour troubles and fixes. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $