考前押题03 完形填空4大常考话题（期中专项训练）高二英语上学期北师大版

考前押题03 完形填空4大常考话题 话题1 幽默 话题2 教育 话题3 多媒体 话题4 环境保护 ① 通读篇章，理清文章主旨、段落逻辑、故事情节与情感走向； ② 语境逻辑空：关注句间逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进、让步），匹配逻辑连词，切忌孤立看单句； ③ 词义辨析空：辨析词汇词义、感情色彩以及固定搭配，结合语境择优，不要只记汉语释义； ④ 复现线索空：留意原文同义、反义、词汇复现信息，抓住上下文暗示，避免主观臆断； ⑤ 回读校验：全部填完重读完整语篇，检查语义通顺、逻辑自洽，修正前后矛盾选项。 话题1 幽默（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·甘肃兰州·期末）That morning was my science presentation. I had spent all night practicing it. But I felt so nervous that I 1 a cartoon video by mistake — a(n) 2 cat was dancing on the screen. The whole class went silent first. Then, someone 3 . I felt my ears burn; I was so 4 that I wanted to hide under my desk. I could hear classmates 5 to each other: “Is that her presentation?” “She must have messed up.” My mind went blank. I stared at the screen, 6 confused about what to do next. Just then, my teacher, Ms Lee, walked over. I thought she’d be 7 , but she smiled at the class. “Wow, I didn’t know we’d get a special 8 before the science talk,” she said. “Did you plan this to 9 us, Mia?” Her joke made the class laugh, and the 10 in the room disappeared. I was astonished — I had never thought humor could 11 such an awkward moment. With a deep breath, I decided to go along. “Um, yes! I wanted everyone to feel calm first,” I 12 , “Now let’s come to the real presentation.” The class cheered, and I quickly 13 the document for my presentation. After class, several classmates came over to say my talk was great. That day, I 14 humor isn’t just about jokes — it helps you gain confidence when things 15 wrong, and it can even promote kindness between people. 1．A．watched B．changed C．played D．made 2．A．amusing B．respected C．precious D．tiring 3．A．sighed B．cried C．shouted D．laughed 4．A．embarrassed B．excited C．disappointed D．upset 5．A．explaining B．whispering C．complaining D．reporting 6．A．loosely B．rarely C．completely D．mostly 7．A．angry B．happy C．proud D．patient 8．A．movie night B．story hour C．game time D．cartoon show 9．A．worry B．relax C．surprise D．challenge 10．A．danger B．joy C．tension D．noise 11．A．get through B．look into C．take over D．put off 12．A．apologized B．announced C．screamed D．reminded 13．A．saved B．examined C．copied D．opened 14．A．ignored B．forgot C．realized D．doubted 15．A．keep B．turn C．get D．go 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次科学展示中意外播放了卡通视频，老师用幽默化解了尴尬，让作者意识到幽默的力量。 【详解】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我感到非常紧张，以至于我错误地播放了一个卡通视频——一只有趣的猫在屏幕上跳舞。A. watched观看；B. changed改变；C. played播放；D. made制作。根据后文“a cartoon video by mistake”可知，作者操作失误，播放了卡通视频。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我感到非常紧张，以至于我错误地播放了一个卡通视频——一只有趣的猫在屏幕上跳舞。A. amusing有趣的；B. respected受尊敬的；C. precious宝贵的；D. tiring令人疲倦的。根据后文“cat was dancing on the screen”和“The whole class went silent first. Then, someone”可知，猫在跳舞，所以是有趣的，且下文描述有人笑了，也说明这个视频有趣。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，有人笑了。A. sighed叹气；B. cried哭泣；C. shouted喊叫；D. laughed笑。根据前文“cat was dancing on the screen”、“The whole class went silent first. Then, someone”、“Did you plan this to ____ us”可知，屏幕上出现滑稽的跳舞猫，与严肃的科学展示形成反差，所以开始的时候大家沉默，后来有人先笑了，后文也提到老师询问是否想用这个视频让大家放松，所以此处指视频让人笑了。故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到耳朵发烫；我感到很尴尬，想躲在桌子底下。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. excited激动的；C. disappointed失望的；D. upset沮丧的。根据前文“I felt my ears burn”和后文“I wanted to hide under my desk”可知，作者感到耳朵发烫，想躲在桌子底下，说明很尴尬。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能听到同学们在窃窃私语：“这是她的展示吗？”A. explaining解释；B. whispering低语；C. complaining抱怨；D. reporting报告。根据后文““Is that her presentation?” “She must have messed up.””可知，同学们在窃窃私语。故选B。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我盯着屏幕，完全不知道接下来该怎么办。A. loosely宽松地；B. rarely很少地；C. completely完全地；D. mostly主要地。根据前文“My mind went blank.”、后文“confused about what to do next”可知，作者脑子一片空白，作者此刻彻底陷入迷茫，完全不知道接下来该怎么办。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为她会生气，但她对全班同学微笑。A. angry生气的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的；D. patient耐心的。根据前文“I thought she’d be”和后文“but she smiled at the class”可知，作者在课堂上误播视频，打乱了展示秩序，按常理推测老师会生气，but表示转折，后文说老师对全班同学微笑，说明起初作者以为老师会生气。故选A。 8．考查名词短语辨析。句意：“哇，我不知道我们在科学讲座之前会有一个特别的卡通节目，”她说。A. movie night电影之夜；B. story hour故事时间；C. game time游戏时间；D. cartoon show卡通节目。根据上文“a cartoon video by mistake — a(n) ____ cat was dancing on the screen.”可知，作者误播了有跳舞猫的卡通视频，老师此处顺势调侃这是一个特别的卡通节目。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你打算用这个来让我们放松吗，米娅？A. worry担心；B. relax放松；C. surprise惊讶；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“I wanted everyone to feel calm first”可知，老师用玩笑化解尴尬，问作者是不是想让大家放松，后文作者的回答也证明了这一点。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的笑话让全班哄堂大笑，房间里的紧张气氛消失了。A. danger危险；B. joy快乐；C. tension紧张；D. noise噪音。根据上文“I could hear classmates ____ to each other: “Is that her presentation?” “She must have messed up.””、“Her joke made the class laugh”可知，作者误播视频后，全班寂静、同学私语，现场氛围是紧张的，老师的玩笑化解了这种紧张。故选C。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很惊讶——我从来没有想过幽默能度过如此尴尬的时刻。A. get through度过；B. look into调查；C. take over接管；D. put off推迟。根据前文“I had never thought humor could”、后文“such an awkward moment”可知，幽默帮作者化解并度过了原本尴尬的场面。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嗯，是的！我想先让大家冷静下来，”我宣布道，“现在我们进入正式的展示。”A. apologized道歉；B. announced宣布；C. screamed尖叫；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“Now let’s come to the real presentation.”可知，开始真正的展示，这是作者宣布的事情。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班欢呼起来，我迅速打开了展示的文件。A. saved拯救；B. examined检查；C. copied复制；D. opened打开。根据前文“Now let’s come to the real presentation”和后文“the document for my presentation”可知，作者宣布进入正式的展示，所以此处指打开展示的文件。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我意识到幽默不仅仅是关于笑话——当事情出错时，它能帮助你获得信心，甚至能促进人与人之间的友善。A. ignored忽视；B. forgot忘记；C. realized意识到；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“humor isn’t just about jokes — it helps you gain confidence when things ____ wrong, and it can even promote kindness between people.”可知，后文陈述的是作者意识到的幽默的作用。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我意识到幽默不仅仅是关于笑话——当事情出错时，它能帮助你获得信心，甚至能促进人与人之间的友善。A. keep保持；B. turn转弯；C. get得到；D. go离开。根据前文“it helps you gain confidence when things”、后文“wrong”可知，事情出错时，幽默能发挥大的作用，go wrong是固定搭配，意为“出错，出问题”，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （26-27高二上·宁夏银川·期中）For years, Vince Rozmiarek has been the man behind the message board at Indian Hills Community Center. The father took up the job in 2013 after all his children had 1 the nest. He found himself with a lot of 2 time and had no idea how to use it, so he figured this little side job would keep him 3 . At first, he took things 4 , but when April Fool’s Day came around, he found the perfect 5 to have some fun. He used the message board to make a joke about the neighboring town, and it received a great 6 from the locals. Realizing that his humor was 7 , Vince decided to make his jokes more of a 8 thing. He looked through books to find great things to write, and each one built up his 9 in the area. Soon enough, everyone in town knew him for his jokes, and they decided to 10 his humor with the world. It was in 2015 that a resident decided to bring his jokes and puns to social media. She created a(n) 11 for the message board on Facebook, and she regularly 12 it with photos whenever Rozmiarek presented new jokes and puns. Soon enough, people from all around the world were laughing at his jokes, just like the residents of Indian Hills. He now has over 84,000 13 on social media, many of whom 14 await every new picture that gets posted. Although Vince never did any of this for 15 , he’s glad he’s able to make so many people smile with his message board posts. 1．A．built B．flown C．feathered D．provided 2．A．free B．precious C．necessary D．interesting 3．A．occupied B．satisfied C．wise D．admired 4．A．responsibly B．slowly C．personally D．seriously 5．A．right B．mission C．opportunity D．resource 6．A．donation B．response C．concept D．recommendation 7．A．lost B．returned C．appreciated D．improved 8．A．noble B．creative C．spiritual D．regular 9．A．reputation B．business C．fortune D．confidence 10．A．exchange B．share C．take D．study 11．A．email B．address C．page D．group 12．A．decorated B．surfed C．posted D．updated 13．A．customers B．followers C．volunteers D．contributors 14．A．worriedly B．curiously C．eagerly D．impatiently 15．A．popularity B．fun C．recognition D．memory 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Vince Rozmiarek在孩子们离家后，找了一份社区中心留言板的兼职工作，后来开始借此发布幽默的笑话和双关语，这一举动不仅在当地社区广受欢迎，还通过社交媒体传播到全世界，积累了很多粉丝。 【详解】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2013年，在他所有的孩子都离开家后，这位父亲开始了这份工作。A. built建造；B. flown飞；C. feathered用羽毛装饰；D. provided提供。根据下文“He found himself with a lot of ___2___ time and had no idea how to use it”可知，身为父亲的Vince不知道如何利用自己的很多时间，由此可知，此时他所有的孩子都离开家了，短语fly the nest意为“离巢，离家独立生活”。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他发现自己有很多空闲时间，却不知道如何利用它们，所以他想做这份小兼职可以让他有事可忙。A. free空闲的；B. precious珍贵的；C. necessary必要的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文“had no idea how to use it”可知，Vince不知道如何利用自己的时间，由此可知，他发现自己有很多空闲时间。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他发现自己有很多空闲时间，却不知道如何利用它们，所以他想做这份小兼职可以让他有事可忙。A. occupied忙于……的；B. satisfied满意的；C. wise明智的；D. admired受人钦佩的。根据上文“had no idea how to use it”可知，Vince不知道如何利用自己的时间，由此可知，他是想做这份小兼职，让自己有事可忙。故选A。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始，他很认真，但是当愚人节来临的时候，他找到了一个完美的机会来找点乐子。A. responsibly负责任地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. personally亲自地；D. seriously认真地。根据下文“but when April Fool’s Day came around, he found the perfect ___5___ to have some fun”可知，后来事情发生了转变，Vince在愚人节来临时找了点乐子，由此可知，他一开始是认真对待工作的，短语take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始，他很认真，但是当愚人节来临的时候，他找到了一个完美的机会来找点乐子。A. right权利；B. mission使命；C. opportunity机会；D. resource资源。根据上文“when April Fool’s Day came around”和下文“to have some fun”可推知，此处指愚人节是个找点乐子的完美机会。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在留言板上开了一个关于邻镇的玩笑，得到了当地人的热烈反响。A. donation捐赠；B. response回应，反响；C. concept概念；D. recommendation推荐。根据下文“He looked through books to find great things to write”可知，Vince继续着自己开玩笑的行为，由此可知，他最初的这个玩笑得到了当地人的热烈反响。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Vince意识到自己的幽默受到了赏识，于是决定让自己的笑话成为一种常态。A. lost失去；B. returned返回；C. appreciated欣赏；D. improved提高。根据下文“He looked through books to find great things to write”可知，Vince继续着自己开玩笑的行为，由此可知，他的幽默受到了大家的欣赏。故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Vince意识到自己的幽默受到了赏识，于是决定让自己的笑话成为一种常态。A. noble高尚的；B. creative有创造力的；C. spiritual精神的；D. regular常规的。根据下文“Soon enough, everyone in town knew him for his jokes”可知，很快，镇上的每个人都知道他的笑话，由此可知，Vince写了很多笑话，是把自己的笑话变成一种常态。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在书中寻找值得写的很棒的内容，每一个都为他在当地树立了声誉。A. reputation声誉；B. business商业；C. fortune财富；D. confidence信心。根据下文“Soon enough, everyone in town knew him for his jokes”可知，很快，镇上的每个人都知道他的笑话，由此可知，Vince的笑话很成功，为他在当地树立了声誉。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，镇上的每个人都知道他的笑话，他们决定与世界分享他的幽默。A. exchange交换；B. share分享；C. take拿；D. study学习。根据下文“It was in 2015 that a resident decided to bring his jokes and puns to social media.”可知，一位居民决定将Vince的笑话和双关语带到社交媒体上，由此可知，镇上的人决定与世界分享他的幽默。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebook上为留言板创建了一个页面，每当Rozmiarek提出新的笑话和双关语时，她就会定期更新照片。A. email电子邮件；B. address地址；C. page页面；D. group组。根据下文“for the message board on Facebook”可推知，这位村民是为分享Vince的笑话和双关语而在Facebook上创建了一个页面。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在Facebook的留言板上创建了一个页面，每当Rozmiarek提出新的笑话和双关语时，她就会定期更新照片。A. decorated装饰；B. surfed冲浪；C. posted张贴；D. updated更新。根据下文“it with photos whenever Rozmiarek presented new jokes and puns”可推知，当Rozmiarek提出新的笑话和双关语时，这位村民也会更新照片，分享最新的笑话和双关语。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他在社交媒体上有超过84000名追随者，其中许多人急切地等待着每一张新照片的发布。A. customers顾客；B. followers追随者；C. volunteers志愿者；D. contributors贡献者。根据上文“Soon enough, people from all around the world were laughing at his jokes”可知，很多人都被Vince的笑话逗乐了，由此可知，他在社交媒体上有很多追随者。故选B。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在他在社交媒体上有超过84000名追随者，其中许多人急切地等待着每一张新照片的发布。A. worriedly担忧地；B. curiously好奇地；C. eagerly急切地；D. impatiently不耐烦地。根据上文“Soon enough, people from all around the world were laughing at his jokes”可知，很多人都被Vince的笑话逗乐了，由此可知，他们很期待Vince的笑话，急切地等待着每一张新照片的发布。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Vince做这些从来都不是为了人气，但他很高兴自己能通过留言板的帖子让这么多人微笑。A. popularity受欢迎；B. fun乐趣；C. recognition认可；D. memory记忆。根据上一段叙述的Vince的笑话在网络上走红，受到关注，以及前文“Although”的转折可推知，此处指他做这些从来都不是为了网上的人气。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·全国·单元测试）I woke up in a good mood but there was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts 1 through my brain. It was my first day of high school in a new state; first 2 are everything, and it was necessary to impress the people who I’d spend the next four years with. It was the fact that this was my third time being the new kid that 3 me to madness. 4 moving does something to a child’s development. I 5 to find reliable friends. But this time Dad’s company 6 my starting and finishing high school in the same place. This time mattered, which made me nervous. I appeared proudly in a patterned dress after searching my closet. I felt just as 7 as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw dropped when I found Mrs Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same 8 as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant 9 in front of the class, and 10 it was my turn. I made it through my one-minute introduction speech, until Hutfilz stood up, 11 adding that she liked my style. All the 12 in the morning surprisingly 13 . I cracked a smile. My smile 14 as I giggled with my peers. After class, I stayed behind, sharing with Mrs Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine 15 with my first teacher in the coming days. 1．A．raced B．broke C．forced D．crashed 2．A．experiences B．impressions C．comments D．expectations 3．A．related B．attracted C．drove D．switched 4．A．Random B．Permanent C．Regular D．Frequent 5．A．rejected B．struggled C．challenged D．appreciated 6．A．ensured B．admitted C．reflected D．deserved 7．A．nervous B．doubtful C．emotive D．confident 8．A．fashion B．design C．dress D．uniform 9．A．introductions B．performances C．lectures D．debates 10．A．on occasion B．soon enough C．no wonder D．in fact 11．A．casually B．seriously C．honestly D．jokingly 12．A．sympathy B．thrill C．anxiety D．guilt 13．A．held up B．melted away C．passed down D．carried on 14．A．froze B．faded C．grew D．formed 15．A．connection B．adjustment C．commitment D．negotiation 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在开学第一天穿了和老师一样的裙子，非常担心和紧张，结果老师开玩笑说喜欢作者的风格，让作者的焦虑消失了。 【详解】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一百万个想法在我脑子里赛跑。A. raced比赛，赛跑；B. broke打破；C. forced强迫；D. crashed碰撞。根据上文“A billion thoughts”和语境可知，此处考查短语race through my brain，表示“在我的脑海里反复穿梭”，展现出作者纠结开学第一天应该穿什么，以给未来的同学留下良好的第一印象的情绪。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我在一个新州上高中的第一天；第一印象就是一切，我有必要给那些和我一起度过接下来四年的人留下深刻印象。A. experiences经历；B. impressions印象；C. comments评论；D. expectations期待。根据上文“It was my first day of high school in a new state”可知，作者第一天上学，所以是第一印象。first impression表示“第一印象”。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我发疯让我抓狂的是这是我第三次当新生。A. related有关；B. attracted吸引；C. drove迫使；D. switched换。根据下文“me to madness”可知，作者因为是第三次做新生而要疯了。drive sb. to madness意思是“把某人逼疯”。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：频繁搬家对一个孩子的成长产生影响。A. Random随意的；B. Permanent永久的；C. Regular有规律的；D. Frequent经常的。根据上文“the fact that this was my third time being the new kid”可知，作者三次当新生，所以是经常搬家导致的。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力地找到了可靠的朋友。A. rejected反对；B. struggled挣扎；C. challenged挑战；D. appreciated感激。根据上文“the fact that this was my third time being the new kid”可知，作者频繁搬家，因此找到一些可靠稳定的朋友对她来说是很有难度的。struggle to do sth.表示“努力做、费力做”。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这一次，爸爸的公司确保了我可以在同一个地方上中学从头上到尾。A. ensured确保；B. admitted承认；C. reflected反射；D. deserved值得。根据下文“my starting and finishing high school in the same place”可知，作者可以在同一个地方完整的上完中学，说明作者应该是一种定居的状态，暗示作者父亲公司的固定保证了作者的定居。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从校车上下来时，我感到很有信心。A. nervous紧张的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. emotive激起感情的；D. confident有信心的。根据上文“I appeared proudly in a patterned dress after searching my closet.(在我的衣橱里找了一遍之后，我穿着一件有图案的连衣裙自豪地出现了)”可知，这是作者翻遍了衣服所找出来的衣服，所以她应该处于一个非常自信的状态。这里的confident和前面的proudly相互呼应，都表示一种骄傲、自信的状态。故选D。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，当我看到我的英语老师Hutfilz女士穿着和我一模一样的连衣裙时，我的下巴都掉到地上了。A. fashion时尚；B. design设计；C. dress连衣裙；D. uniform制服。根据上文“I appeared proudly in a patterned dress”可知，作者穿着一件有图案的连衣裙，英语老师穿着和作者一样的连衣裙。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我低着头并且挪到了我的座位上，但是第一天就意味着在全班面前做自我介绍，并且很快就轮到我了。A. introductions介绍；B. performances表现；C. lectures演讲；D. debates争论。根据下文“in front of the class”和“my one-minute introduction speech”可知，因为新同学第一次入班，所以都需要在全班同学前做自我介绍。故选A。 10．考查固定短语辨析。句意：同上。A. on occasion偶尔；B. soon enough足够快；C. no wonder难怪；D. in fact事实上。根据下文“I made it through my one-minute introduction speech”可知，很快就轮到作者了。故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完成了一分钟的介绍演讲，直到Hutfilz站起来，开玩笑似的说她很喜欢我的风格。A. casually随意地；B. seriously严肃地；C. honestly诚实地；D. jokingly开玩笑。根据下文“I cracked a smile.”以及“I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine ___15___ with my first teacher in the coming days.”可知，作者原本被惊掉了下巴，后来笑了，说明老师是开了个玩笑活跃了气氛。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个早上积累起来的焦虑令人吃惊地就没有了。A. sympathy同情；B. thrill激动；C. anxiety紧张，焦虑；D. guilt内疚。根据下文“ I cracked a smile. ”可知，焦虑没有了，作者咧嘴笑了。故选C。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. held up抓住；B. melted away融化；C. passed down传下去；D. carried on继续。根据上文“surprisingly”以及下文“ I cracked a smile.”可知，此处表示持续了整个早晨的焦虑惊奇地一下子就融化掉，消失了。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和同龄人咯咯地笑时，我的笑容越来越浓。A. froze冻；B. faded退化；C. grew长；D. formed形成。根据下文“as I giggled with my peers”可知，这里表达作者心情放松下来后的愉悦之意。用grow表示笑意的增长、扩大。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的日子里，我感到很安慰，因为我与老师达成了一种幽默的、真诚的联系。A. connection联系；B. adjustment调整；C. commitment投入；D. negotiation协商。根据“with my first teacher”和上文内容可知，因为撞衫而促成作者和老师之间产生了一种幽默、真诚的关联。故选A。 Passage 4 （25-26高二下·河南安阳·期末）Confucius was a great philosopher, educationalist as well as the founder of Confucianism. He was born in 551 BC in Shandong province of China. His beliefs 1 the importance of having a good moral (道德的) character and personal ethics (伦理). They have a great 2 on the majority of Chinese culture. Confucius has left many 3 sayings, which are still remembered and followed 4 . For example, his quotes, “He who learns but does not think is lost” “He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger”, are well known to all. Although Confucius is 5 for his great thoughts, did you know that he is also known for his sense of 6 ? There is evidence that he was very humorous. His 7 were very amusing and uplifting and he often used humor to make his students 8 and take interest in the teachings. One time Confucius was 9 along with his students when they came across a man who was 10 in the river. His students were hesitating but Confucius jumped into the river without 11 and saved the man in time. Then, he 12 to his students and joked, “I suppose none of you 13 that he was wearing a valuable jade ring!” This story serves as a reminder that even the most serious figures in history 14 their share of lighthearted moments. It is possible that wisdom and humor both 15 hand in hand with joy! 1．A．respond to B．focus on C．brush up D．take up 2．A．impact B．stress C．impression D．knock 3．A．flexible B．creative C．wise D．sharp 4．A．normally B．annually C．periodically D．faithfully 5．A．confident B．special C．famous D．acceptable 6．A．humor B．duty C．direction D．achievement 7．A．characters B．proposals C．conversations D．attitudes 8．A．agree B．relax C．worry D．argue 9．A．traveling B．quarrelling C．sleeping D．shooting 10．A．swimming B．surfing C．drowning D．playing 11．A．doubt B．problem C．signal D．delay 12．A．listened B．turned C．pointed D．stuck 13．A．cared B．heard C．felt D．noticed 14．A．enjoy B．bother C．involve D．allow 15．A．catch B．go C．lead D．take 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了孔子，作为一位伟大的哲学家、教育家和儒家学派创始人，他的智慧对中国文化产生了巨大影响，文章举例描述孔子幽默的一面，他经常用幽默的方式促进对弟子们的教学。 【详解】1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的信仰强调良好的道德品质和个人道德的重要性。A. respond to回应；B. focus on关注；聚焦；C. brush up复习；D. take up占据。根据上文“Confucius was a great philosopher, educationalist as well as the founder of Confucianism. (孔子是一位伟大的哲学家、教育家，也是儒家思想的奠基人。)”可知，孔子开创了儒学，儒学强调个体的道德品质的养成，focus on符合语境。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们对中国大部分文化都有很大的影响。A. impact巨大影响；B. stress压力；C. impression印象；D. knock敲击。根据下文“Confucius has left many ___3___ sayings, which are still remembered and followed ___4___. (孔子留下了许多……名言，至今仍被人们铭记并……遵循。)”可知，孔子的理念都在他的名言中，至今仍被人们铭记并遵循，说明其影响之大，此处考查动词短语have an impact on，意为“对……产生影响”，故选A项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孔子留下了许多至理名言，至今仍被人们铭记并忠实地遵循。A. flexible灵活的；B. creative创造性的；C. wise明智的；D. sharp锋利的。根据下文“For example, his quotes, ‘He who learns but does not think is lost’ ‘He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger’, are well known to all. (例如，他的名言，‘学而不思则罔’，‘思而不学则殆’，这是众所周知的。)”可知，孔子的真知灼见为后人铭记并遵循，说明这些话都很睿智，wise符合语境。故选C项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：孔子留下了许多至理名言，至今仍被人们铭记并忠实地遵循。A. normally正常地，通常；B. annually每年；C. periodically定期地；D. faithfully忠实地。根据上文“They have a great ___2___ on the majority of Chinese culture.(它们对中国大部分文化都有很大的影响。)”可知，孔子的儒学对中国文化影响很大，他的至理名言为国人恪守遵循，faithfully符合语境。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然孔子以其伟大的思想而闻名，但你知道他还以他的幽默感而闻名吗？A. confident自信的；B. special特殊的；C. famous著名的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文“For example, his quotes, ‘He who learns but does not think is lost’ ‘He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger’, are well known to all. (例如，他的名言，‘学而不思则罔’，‘思而不学则殆’，是众所周知的。)”可知，孔子的思想众所周知，很是有名（famous），故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然孔子以其伟大的思想而闻名，但你知道他还以他的幽默感而闻名吗？A. humor幽默；B. duty职责；C. direction方向；D. achievement成就。根据下文“There is evidence that he was very humorous. His ___7___ were very amusing and uplifting and he often used humor to make his students ___8___ and take interest in the teachings.(有证据表明他非常幽默，他的……非常有趣和令人振奋，他经常用幽默使他的学生……，对教学感兴趣。)”可知，humor为复现词，此处描述孔子的幽默性格。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的谈话非常有趣和令人振奋，他经常用幽默使他的学生放松，对教学感兴趣。A. characters性格；B. proposals建议；C. conversations谈话；D. attitudes态度。根据句中的“amusing and uplifting”以及“make his students ___8___ and take interest in the teachings”可知，孔子通过和弟子聊天（conversations）来传播他的思想，方式有趣，效果极好。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的谈话非常有趣和令人振奋，他经常用幽默使他的学生放松，对教学感兴趣。A. agree同意；B. relax放松；C. worry担心；D. argue争论。根据句中的“amusing and uplifting”可知，孔子通过和弟子聊天（conversations）来传播他的思想，孔子说话幽默，有趣、令人振奋，学生在聊天中放松下来，relax符合语境。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，孔子和他的学生一起旅行，他们看到一个人在河里快要淹死了。A. traveling旅行；B. quarrelling吵架；C. sleeping睡觉；D. shooting射击。根据句中“they came across a man who was drowning in the river”可知，能看到有人溺水，说明他们在外游学，traveling符合语境。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，孔子和他的学生一起旅行，他们看到一个人在河里快要淹死了。A. swimming游泳；B. surfing冲浪；C. drowning溺水；D. playing玩耍。根据下文“His students were hesitating but Confucius jumped into the river without  ___11___ and saved the man in time (他的学生正在犹豫，但孔子……跳入河中，及时救了这个人)”可知，孔子跳下水救人，说明这人是溺水（drowning）状态。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的学生正在犹豫，但孔子立即跳入河中，及时救了这个人。A. doubt怀疑；B. problem问题；C. signal信号；D. delay延迟。根据前半句“His students were hesitating”，以及转折连词but，“and saved the man in time”可知，孔子没有像学生们那样犹豫，而是及时出手相救，delay符合语境，without delay (立即)。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他转向他的学生，开玩笑地说：“我想你们都没有注意到他戴着一枚贵重的玉戒指吧！”A. listened听；B. turned转；C. pointed指；D. stuck卡住。根据语境，此处考查动词短语turn to，意为“转向”，救人之后，孔子转头开始和弟子们说话。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想你们都没有注意到他戴着一枚贵重的玉戒指吧！A. cared关心；B. heard听到；C. felt感觉；D. noticed注意到。根据空后的“that he was wearing a valuable jade ring”可知，溺水者手指上有一个戒指，大家关注这个溺水者的死活的时候，孔子居然注意到溺水者手指上的戒指，noticed符合语境，故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事提醒我们，即使是历史上最严肃的人物也会有轻松愉快的时刻。A. enjoy享受、享有；B. bother麻烦；C. involve涉及；D. allow允许。根据下文“It is possible that wisdom and humor both ___15___ hand in hand with joy! (智慧和幽默都有可能与快乐携手并进！)”可知，上文关于“玉戒指”的故事，彰显了孔子的幽默的一面，可得出历史上最严肃的人物也享有轻松愉快的时刻，令人享受其中的轻松愉快，enjoy符合语境，故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：智慧和幽默都有可能与快乐携手并进！A. catch接住；B. go走；C. lead带头；D. take携带。根据上文“This story serves as a reminder that even the most serious figures in history ___14___ their share of lighthearted moments. (这个故事提醒我们，即使是历史上最严肃的人物也会有轻松愉快的时刻。)”可知，像孔子这么智慧的人物竟然如此幽默，go hand in hand with…，意为“与……紧密相连”， go符合语境。故选B项。 第6小题，只看字面词义选mostly，忽略前文My mind went blank的语境提示，混淆副词语义，应选completely； 第11小题，只记住look into含义，忽视后文awkward moment语境，混淆动词短语词义，应选get through； 第14小题，仅凭主观感受选doubted，没有抓住下文是感悟所得这一逻辑，误判人物心理活动，应选realized。 话题2 教育（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·安徽阜阳·阶段检测）Twenty-five years ago, I was a fairly new school administrator. I was 1 by Thomas Armstrong’s book, Awakening Genius in the Classroom. In it, he writes, “Joy is the spark that can ignite (点燃) every child’s potential genius.” 2 linking genius to IQ scores or standardized test results, he offers a 3 perspective. Combining the Greek word “genesis”, meaning “birth”, with the Latin word “genial”, signifying “joyful”, Armstrong created a novel 4 of genius as “the birth of joy”. As Armstrong sees it, joy 5 Picasso’s creative expressions on canvases (画布) and Kobe’s brilliant techniques on the basketball court. While both undoubtedly spent countless hours 6 their skills, joy was the 7 force that pushed them towards excellence. And yet, joy is not only 8 for the extraordinarily accomplished. It can also exist in common 9 where a first-grader reads a book and a middle schooler solves a math puzzle. Throughout my years as a school administrator, I’ve held fast to Armstrong’s belief that genius 10 joy. However, I want to 11 something new:Joy must be sustained by purpose. For joy to remain in the face of a challenge, it must be 12 at a deep level. In my experience, joy 13 when people realize they have done something or are making contributions to the world. Armstrong asks us 14 to motivate students’ potential, and, just as 15 , to reawaken our own joy for intellectual and personal growth. 1．A．disturbed B．inspired C．shocked D．moved 2．A．With regard to B．In terms of C．Instead of D．Apart from 3．A．conventional B．predictable C．refreshing D．widespread 4．A．definition B．tendency C．standard D．example 5．A．proved B．fueled C．explained D．challenged 6．A．assessing B．exchanging C．introducing D．sharpening 7．A．cultural B．flexible C．primary D．normal 8．A．supported B．tested C．practised D．reserved 9．A．scenes B．positions C．points D．stages 10．A．differs from B．begins with C．contributes to D．competes against 11．A．learn B．translate C．add D．investigate 12．A．felt B．polished C．illustrated D．conveyed 13．A．fades B．works C．matters D．continues 14．A．parents B．writers C．pioneers D．educators 15．A．surprisingly B．importantly C．skillfully D．positively 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B 【导语】作者受书籍启发，认为天赋始于喜悦。喜悦不分人群，同时作者补充观点，喜悦需目标支撑，教育者既要激发学生潜能，也要重拾自身成长热忱。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：托马斯・阿姆斯特朗的著作《Awakening Genius in the Classroom》给予我启发。A. disturbed打扰；B. inspired启发；C. shocked使震惊；D. moved使感动。根据后文“Joy is the spark that can ignite (点燃) every child’s potential genius”以及语境可知，书中观点给作者带来了思想启迪。 2．考查介词短语。句意：他没有把天赋和智商分数、标准化考试成绩相关联，而是提出了新颖独到的见解。A. With regard to关于；B. In terms of依照；C. Instead of而非；D. Apart from除……之外。根据后文“offers a ____ perspective”可知，此处指摒弃传统评判方式，提出新看法。 3．考查形容词。句意：他没有把天赋和智商分数、标准化考试成绩相关联，而是提出了新颖独到的见解。A. conventional常规的；B. predictable可预判的；C. refreshing耳目一新的；D. widespread普遍的。根据后文“Armstrong created a novel ____ of genius ”可知，此处指观点新颖独特。 4．考查名词。句意：阿姆斯特朗结合意为“诞生”的希腊词汇genesis与表示“愉悦”的拉丁语genial，独创出天才的全新释义：喜悦的诞生。A. definition定义；B. tendency趋势；C. standard标准；D. example实例。根据后文“as “the birth of joy””以及语境可知，此处指对天赋的定义重新解读。 5．考查动词。句意：在阿姆斯特朗看来，喜悦铸就了毕加索画布上的创作灵感，也成就了科比赛场上精湛的球技。A. proved证明；B. fueled推动；C. explained解释；D. challenged挑战。根据后文“pushed them towards excellence”可知，此处指喜悦起到驱动作用。 6．考查动词。句意：尽管二人无疑都耗费无数时光打磨技艺，但喜悦才是推动他们迈向卓越的核心力量。A. assessing评估；B. exchanging交流；C. introducing介绍；D. sharpening精进打磨。根据后文“their skills”以及语境可知，此处指打磨技艺，追求卓越能力，sharpening skills，表“打磨技艺”，为固定搭配，符合语境。 7．考查形容词。句意：尽管二人无疑都耗费无数时光打磨技艺，但喜悦才是推动他们迈向卓越的核心力量。A. cultural文化的；B. flexible灵活的；C. primary首要核心的；D. normal普通的。根据前文“joy ____ Picasso’s creative expressions on canvases (画布) ”描述喜悦激发天赋潜能可知，此处指愉悦是关键驱动力。 8．考查动词。句意：然而，喜悦并非只属于成就斐然之人。A. supported支持；B. tested考验；C. practised践行；D. reserved专属预留。根据后文“for the extraordinarily accomplished”以及语境可知，此处指喜悦并非只属于优秀的人杰，普通人也能拥有喜悦，be reserved for，表“只为……所有”，符合语境。 9．考查名词。句意：这份喜悦也存在于日常场景里：一年级孩童读书、中学生破解数学难题之时。A. scenes场景；B. positions职位；C. points要点；D. stages阶段。根据后文“where a first-grader reads a book and a middle schooler solves a math puzzle”列举读书、解题过程之中可知，喜悦存在于日常画面中。 10．考查动词短语。句意：我始终坚信阿姆斯特朗的观点：天赋始于喜悦。A. differs from不同于；B. begins with以……开始；C. contributes to促成；D. competes against抗衡。根据前文“Joy is the spark that can ignite (点燃) every child’s potential genius”可知，此处指喜悦是天赋的开端。 11．考查动词。句意：不过我想补充一点新见解：快乐必须依靠信念目标维系。A. learn学习；B. translate翻译；C. add补充；D. investigate探究。根据后文“Joy must be sustained by purpose”以及语境可知，这是作者补充提出全新看法。 12．考查动词。句意：想要直面挑战仍心怀喜悦，这份感触必须发自内心深处。A. felt感受体悟；B. polished打磨；C. illustrated阐释；D. conveyed传达。根据后文“at a deep level”以及语境可知，此处指用深层内心感知情绪。 13．考查动词。句意：依我的感悟，当人们有所建树、为世间创造价值时，喜悦便会绵延不息。A. fades消退；B. works奏效；C. matters要紧；D. continues延续。根据后文“when people realize they have done something or are making contributions to the world”可知，此处指实现自我价值可带来持久愉悦。 14．考查名词。句意：阿姆斯特朗呼吁教育者激发学生潜能，同时也要重拾自身求知与自我成长的乐趣。A. parents父母；B. writers作家；C. pioneers先驱；D. educators教育工作者。根据前文“I was a fairly new school administrator”描述作者身为学校管理者可知，此处指教育者。 15．考查副词。句意：阿姆斯特朗呼吁教育者激发学生潜能，同时也要重拾自身求知与自我成长的乐趣。A. surprisingly意外地；B. importantly重要地；C. skillfully娴熟地；D. positively积极地。根据后文“to reawaken our own joy for intellectual and personal growth”以及语境可知，前后为并列递进关系，凸显同等重要性。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·河南郑州·期末）After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in books from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new 16 : “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” In the past, students understood that hard work was not 17 ; an A demanded great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the 18 of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In a recent survey, 19 , two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for showing up at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a 20 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck found praising kids for their abilities weakened their flexibility and led to a(n) 21 mindset, making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks. However, a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and 22 learning. The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles, 23 books and popular TED talks. The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far. We’ve gone from 24 effort to treating it as an end in itself. We’ve failed to remind a generation of kids that working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job, 25 being a good person. What worries me most is that valuing perseverance above all else can motivate people to 26 bad strategies instead of developing better ones. A typical example is staying up all night rather than studying a little each day for a few days. If they don’t get an A, they often protest. Teachers and parents 27 kids a more balanced message. We award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest for good reasons. What counts is not just effort but the progress and performance that follow. The ideal 28 to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your 29 . Good grades are not granted for effort itself; they’re 30 through mastery of the material. The true measure of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 16．A．complaint B．excuse C．theory D．essay 17．A．practical B．massive C．adequate D．complex 18．A．proof B．quantity C．hope D．chance 19．A．for example B．by contrast C．in addition D．above all 20．A．discussion B．report C．misunderstanding D．feeling 21．A．embarrassed B．fixed C．confused D．pleased 22．A．avoid B．maintain C．cancel D．boost 23．A．best-selling B．life-changing C．record-breaking D．eye-catching 24．A．challenging B．preventing C．applauding D．wasting 25．A．let alone B．regardless of C．as to D．in spite of 26．A．give up B．compete with C．race against D．stick to 27．A．send B．burden C．miss D．owe 28．A．feedback B．concept C．response D．reflection 29．A．responsibility B．investment C．memory D．attitude 30．A．absorbed B．signaled C．earned D．adjusted 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如今许多学生期望因为努力的数量而得到奖励，而不是因为知识的质量，这是对教育理论的一种误解，老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息，强调好成绩是通过掌握材料获得的，而不是仅仅靠努力。 【详解】16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近，许多学生有了一个新的抱怨：“我的成绩没有反映出我在这门课上付出的努力。”A. complaint抱怨；B. excuse借口；C. theory理论；D. essay文章。根据后文“My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.”可知，这是学生的抱怨内容。故选A。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去，学生们明白努力工作是不够的；得A需要出色的表现。A. practical实际的；B. massive巨大的；C. adequate足够的；D. complex复杂的。根据后文“an A demanded great work”以及常识可知，得A需要出色的表现，所以此处表示学生明白努力工作是不够的。故选C。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，如今，许多学生期望因为他们努力的数量而得到奖励，而不是因为他们知识的质量。A. proof证明；B. quantity数量；C. hope希望；D. chance机会。根据后文“rather than the quality of their knowledge”以及语境可知，过去。学生明白努力工作是不够的，但是如今的学生期望因为努力的数量得到奖励。故选B。 19．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，在最近的一项调查中，三分之二的大学生表示，“努力尝试”应该是他们成绩的一个因素，三分之一的学生认为，仅仅出席（大多数）课程就应该至少得到B。A. for example例如；B. by contrast相比之下；C. in addition此外；D. above all最重要的是。根据后文“two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades”可知，此处是在举例说明学生的观点。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是Z世代的错。这是对最流行的教育理论之一的一种误解的结果。A. discussion讨论；B. report报告；C. misunderstanding误解；D. feeling感觉。根据后文“The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far.”可知，问题在于我们把这种做法过度了，说明这是对教育理论的一种误解。故选C。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一代多以前，心理学家卡罗尔·德韦克发现，表扬孩子的能力会削弱他们的灵活性，导致一种固定的心态，使他们在遇到挫折时更容易气馁或放弃。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. fixed固定的；C. confused困惑的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后文“making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks”可知，表扬孩子的能力会导致一种固定的心态，使孩子们遇到挫折时更容易气馁或放弃。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，从表扬智力转向表扬努力可以培养成长型思维，促进学习。A. avoid避免；B. maintain维持；C. cancel取消；D. boost促进。根据上文“a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and”以及后文“learning”可知，此处表示表扬努力可以促进学习。故选D。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：庆祝坚持的想法很快出现在广为分享的文章、畅销书和受欢迎的TED演讲中。A. best-selling畅销的；B. life-changing改变生活的；C. record-breaking破纪录的；D. eye-catching引人注目的。根据上文“The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles”可知，庆祝坚持的想法出现在广为分享的文章中，说明这种想法很受欢迎，因此也出现在畅销书中。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经从赞扬努力变成了把努力本身当作目的。A. challenging挑战；B. preventing阻止；C. applauding赞扬；D. wasting浪费。根据后文“effort to treating it as an end in itself”可知，此处指从赞扬努力发生了变化，变成了把努力本身当作目的。故选C。 25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提醒一代孩子，努力工作并不能保证做好工作，更不用说做一个好人了。A. let alone更不用说；B. regardless of不管；C. as to至于；D. in spite of尽管。根据上文“working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job”可知，此处表示努力工作并不能保证做好工作，更不用说做好人。故选A。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最让我担心的是，把毅力看得高于一切会激励人们坚持糟糕的策略，而不是开发更好的策略。A. give up放弃；B. compete with与……竞争；C. race against与……赛跑；D. stick to坚持。根据后文“bad strategies instead of developing better ones”可知，此处表示坚持糟糕的策略。故选D。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息。A. send发送；B. burden负担；C. miss错过；D. owe应给予。根据后文“kids a more balanced message”可知，此处指老师和家长应该给孩子一个更平衡的信息，owe sb. sth.表示“给予某人某物”，此处指应该给孩子的东西。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对令人失望的成绩的理想反应是问问自己，如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报。A. feedback反馈；B. concept概念；C. response反应；D. reflection反思。根据后文“to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your”可知，此处指对令人失望的成绩的理想反应。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对令人失望的成绩的理想反应是问问自己，如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报。A. responsibility责任；B. investment投资；C. memory记忆；D. attitude态度。根据上文“how you could have gotten a better return on your”可知，此处指如何才能让自己的投资获得更好的回报，即努力学习的投资。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：好成绩不是靠努力本身获得的；它们是通过掌握材料获得的。A. absorbed吸收；B. signaled示意；C. earned获得；D. adjusted调整。根据上文“Good grades are not granted for effort itself”可知，好成绩是通过掌握材料获得的。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·陕西安康·期末）We can’t force kids to learn. However, 31 the right methods can arouse students’ passion for learning. When a child is internally motivated, they are more willing to 32 new concepts, absorb knowledge faster, and remember more deeply. Jesse, an innovative educator, knows how to 33 young minds this way, driving their eagerness to explore. He skillfully integrates 34 , dances and student involvement into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective. In a popular TV series, the main character made up a(n) 35 to memorize all 206 bones in the human body. While the tale itself is fictional, the method 36 remarkably in real life. Jesse adopts a 37 approach by producing educational videos to help students where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested. In the classroom, he 38 these methods in real time and encourages the students to 39 . In today’s society, children shouldn’t be taught from 40 alone. With technology everywhere, the entire world is 41 at their fingertips. Parents and teachers must adapt to the ways that children 42 most effectively, and instructional approaches should reflect this understanding. Jesse has achieved this 43 through the power of music. His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their 44 and simple enough for them to master. Music brings joy, and enthusiastic, cheerful learners are more likely to 45 new things more efficiently and keep them in mind for longer. 31．A．using B．teaching C．finding D．ignoring 32．A．avoid B．coin C．accept D．doubt 33．A．attract B．test C．protect D．comfort 34．A．rules B．music C．exams D．silence 35．A．excuse B．joke C．song D．story 36．A．fails B．works C．changes D．disappears 37．A．similar B．traditional C．strict D．direct 38．A．records B．writes C．applies D．questions 39．A．stand by B．settle down C．drive on D．join in 40．A．textbooks B．videos C．nature D．experience 41．A．hidden B．lost C．accessible D．dangerous 42．A．play B．communicate C．behave D．learn 43．A．fluently B．perfectly C．exactly D．officially 44．A．health B．attention C．safety D．happiness 45．A．forget B．master C．imagine D．remember 【答案】 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。创新教育家杰西将音乐、舞蹈融入教学，以趣味方式激发孩子学习动力，证明了适配的方法更能提升学习效率与效果。 【详解】31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，采用正确的方法能够激发学生的学习热情。A. using使用；B. teaching教学；C. finding找到；D. ignoring忽视。根据下文“can arouse students’ passion for learning”可知，此处指运用合适的教学方法来激发孩子学习动力。故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子有了内在动力，他们会更愿意接受新概念，更快吸收知识，记忆也更深刻。A. avoid避免；B. coin创造新词；C. accept接受；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“absorb knowledge faster”的递进逻辑可知，孩子有学习动力会更易接纳新知识。故选C项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：创新教育家杰西懂得如何用这种方式吸引孩子们的注意力，激发他们探索的渴望。A. attract吸引；B. test测试；C. protect保护；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“arouse students’ passion for learning”可知，此处指吸引孩子的求知欲。故选A项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他巧妙地将音乐、舞蹈和学生参与融入课堂，让学习变得有趣又高效。A. rules规则；B. music音乐；C. exams考试；D. silence沉默。根据下文“he combines songs and dances to keep students interested”可知，这里指他巧妙地将音乐、舞蹈和学生参与融入课堂，此处是原词复现。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一部热门电视剧中，主角编了一首歌来记忆人体的206块骨头。A. excuse借口；B. joke玩笑；C. song歌曲；D. story故事。根据下文“combines songs and dances”可知，此处指用歌曲辅助记忆。故选C项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这个故事是虚构的，但这种方法在现实生活中效果显著。A. fails失败；B. works奏效；C. changes改变；D. disappears消失。根据下文“ Jesse adopts a approach by producing educational videos to help students”可知，杰西也采用类似方法，说明该方法是有效的。故选B项。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰西采用了类似的方法，制作教学视频，将歌曲和舞蹈结合起来，让学生保持兴趣。A. similar相似的；B. traditional传统的；C. strict严格的；D. direct直接的。根据下文“where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested”以及语境可知，杰西的方法和电视剧里主角的方法原理一致，都是用音乐辅助学习。故选A项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上，他实时运用这些方法，并鼓励学生参与进来。A. records记录；B. writes写；C. applies应用；D. questions质疑。根据上文“He skillfully integrates , dances and student involvement (参与) into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective”以及语境可知，此处指在课堂上使用这些教学方法。故选C项。 39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在课堂上，他实时运用这些方法，并鼓励学生参与进来。A. stand by支持，在场；B. settle down定居；C. drive on继续开车；D. join in参加。结合上文“student involvement into his lessons”可知，这里指鼓励学生参与进，此处是同义词复现。故选D项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今社会，不能只靠课本教孩子。A. textbooks课本；B. videos视频；C. nature自然；D. experience经验。根据下文“With technology everywhere”以及语境可知，此处指教学不能局限于传统的课本。故选A项。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科技无处不在，整个世界都触手可及。A. hidden隐藏的；B. lost丢失的；C. accessible可接近的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“at their fingertips”以及语境可知，此处指世界的知识和资源容易获取。故选C项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长和教师必须适应孩子最有效的学习方式，教学方法也应体现这一点。A. play玩耍；B. communicate交流；C. behave表现；D. learn学习。根据下文“most effectively”以及全文围绕激发孩子的学习动力展开可知，此处指孩子的学习方式。故选D项。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：杰西通过音乐的力量完美地做到了这一点。A. fluently流利地；B. perfectly完美地；C. exactly恰好地；D. officially正式地。根据下文“His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their and simple enough for them to master.”以及语境可知，后文讲他的教学方法效果显著，所以这里指他很好地践行了适配孩子学习方式的理念。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的歌曲不仅能激发孩子的学习兴趣，而且篇幅短小，足以维持他们的注意力，难度也适中，方便他们掌握。A. health健康；B. attention注意力；C. safety安全；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“short enough”以及语境可知，短篇幅的歌曲不易让孩子分心，能抓住他们的注意力。故选B项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：音乐带来快乐，充满热情和快乐的学习者更有可能高效地学会新事物，并长时间记住它们。A. forget忘记；B. master掌握；C. imagine想象；D. remember记得。根据上文“absorb knowledge faster”以及语境可知，此处指掌握新知识。故选B项。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·河北·阶段检测）We can’t force kids to learn. However, 46 the right methods can arouse students’ passion for learning. When a child is internally motivated, they are more willing to 47 new concepts, absorb knowledge faster, and remember more deeply. Jesse, an innovative educator, knows how to 48 young minds this way, driving their eagerness to explore. He skillfully integrates 49 , dances and student involvement (参与) into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective. In a popular TV series, the main character made up a(n) 50 to memorize all 206 bones in the human body. While the tale itself is fictional, the method 51 remarkably in real life. Jesse adopts a 52 approach by producing educational videos to help students where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested. In the classroom, he 53 these methods in real time and encourages the students to 54 . In today’s society, children shouldn’t be taught from 55 alone. With technology everywhere, the entire world is 56 at their fingertips. Parents and teachers must adapt to the ways that children 57 most effectively, and instructional approaches should reflect this understanding. Jesse has accomplished this 58 through the power of music. His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their 59 and simple enough for them to master. Music brings joy, and enthusiastic, cheerful learners are more likely to 60 new things more efficiently and keep them in mind for longer. 46．A．decreasing B．batching C．employing D．evaluating 47．A．accept B．suspect C．blame D．output 48．A．appreciate B．evaluate C．challenge D．attract 49．A．jokes B．humor C．music D．books 50．A．story B．song C．play D．experiment 51．A．works B．exists C．ceases D．appears 52．A．traditional B．similar C．conventional D．distinct 53．A．creates B．records C．predicts D．applies 54．A．stand by B．settle down C．join in D．drive on 55．A．textbooks B．videos C．studios D．websites 56．A．mild B．particular C．passive D．accessible 57．A．socialize B．learn C．speak D．think 58．A．fluently B．exactly C．perfectly D．officially 59．A．attention B．balance C．promise D．energy 60．A．turn to B．pick up C．take away D．hand over 【答案】 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．A 56．D 57．B 58．C 59．A 60．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。创新教育家杰西将音乐、舞蹈融入教学，以趣味方式激发孩子学习动力，印证适配的方法更能提升学习效率与效果。 【详解】46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，采用正确的方法能够激发学生的学习热情。A. decreasing减少；B. batching分批处理；C. employing采用；D. evaluating评价。根据下文“can arouse students’ passion for learning”可知，此处指运用合适的教学方法来激发孩子学习动力，employing符合语境。故选C项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子有了内在动力，他们会更愿意接受新概念，更快吸收知识，记忆也更深刻。A. accept接受；B. suspect怀疑；C. blame责备；D. output输出。根据下文“absorb knowledge faster”的递进逻辑可知，孩子有学习动力会更易接纳新知识，accept符合语境。故选A项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：创新教育家杰西懂得如何用这种方式吸引孩子们的注意力，激发他们探索的渴望。A. appreciate欣赏；B. evaluate评价；C. challenge挑战；D. attract吸引。根据上文“arouse students’ passion for learning”可知，此处指吸引孩子的求知欲，attract符合语境。故选D项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他巧妙地将音乐、舞蹈和学生参与融入课堂，让学习变得有趣又高效。A. jokes笑话；B. humor幽默；C. music音乐；D. books书籍。根据下文“he combines songs and dances to keep students interested”可知，这里指他巧妙地将音乐、舞蹈和学生参与融入课堂，此处是原词复现，music符合语境。故选C项。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一部热门电视剧中，主角编了一首歌来记忆人体的206块骨头。A. story故事；B. song歌曲；C. play戏剧；D. experiment实验。根据下文“combines songs and dances”可知，此处指用歌曲辅助记忆，song符合语境。故选B项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这个故事是虚构的，但这种方法在现实生活中效果显著。A. works起作用；B. exists存在；C. ceases停止；D. appears出现。根据“ Jesse adopts a 7 approach by producing educational videos to help students”可知，杰西也采用类似方法，说明该方法是有效的，works符合语境。故选A项。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰西采用了类似的方法，制作教学视频，将歌曲和舞蹈结合起来，让学生保持兴趣。A. traditional传统的；B. similar类似的；C. conventional依照惯例的；D. distinct独特的。根据下文“where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested”以及语境可知，杰西的方法和电视剧里主角的方法原理一致，都是用音乐辅助学习，similar符合语境。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课堂上，他实时运用这些方法，并鼓励学生参与进来。A. creates创造；B. records记录；C. predicts预测；D. applies运用。根据上文“He skillfully integrates 4 , dances and student involvement (参与) into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective”以及语境可知，此处指在课堂上使用这些教学方法，applies符合语境。故选D项。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在课堂上，他实时运用这些方法，并鼓励学生参与进来。A. stand by在场；B. settle down安定下来；C. join in参与；D. drive on继续推进。结合上文“student involvement into his lessons”可知，这里指鼓励学生参与进，此处是同义词复现，join in符合语境。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今社会，不能只靠课本教孩子。A. textbooks课本；B. videos视频；C. studios工作室；D. websites网站。根据下文“With technology everywhere”以及语境可知，此处指教学不能局限于传统的课本，textbooks符合语境。故选A项。 56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科技无处不在，整个世界都触手可及。A. mild温和的；B. particular特别的；C. passive被动的；D. accessible可获取的。根据上文“at their fingertips”以及语境可知可知，此处指世界的知识和资源容易获取，accessible符合语境。故选D项。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长和教师必须适应孩子最有效的学习方式，教学方法也应体现这一点。A. socialize社交；B. learn学习；C. speak说话；D. think思考。根据下文“most effectively”以及全文围绕激发孩子的学习动力展开可知，此处指孩子的学习方式，learn符合语境。故选B项。 58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：杰西通过音乐的力量完美地做到了这一点。A. fluently流利地；B. exactly恰好地；C. perfectly完美地；D. officially官方地。根据下文“ His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their 14 and simple enough for them to master.”以及语境可知，后文讲他的教学方法效果显著，所以这里指他很好地践行了适配孩子学习方式的理念，perfectly符合语境。故选C项。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的歌曲不仅能激发孩子的学习兴趣，而且篇幅短小，足以维持他们的注意力，难度也适中，方便他们掌握。A. attention注意力；B. balance平衡；C. promise承诺；D. energy精力。根据上文“short enough”以及语境可知，短篇幅的歌曲不易让孩子分心，能抓住他们的注意力，attention符合语境。故选A项。 60．考查动词短语辨析。句意：音乐带来快乐，充满热情和快乐的学习者更有可能高效地学会新事物，并长时间记住它们。A. turn to求助于；B. pick up学会、掌握；C. take away拿走；D. hand over移交。根据上文“absorb knowledge faster”以及语境可知，此处指掌握新知识，pick up符合语境。故选B项。 第18小题，只看到effort字面含义，忽略后文rather than the quality形成对比逻辑，误选proof，分不清quantity与quality反义呼应关系，应选quantity； 第24小题，仅凭个人语感选择challenging，没有把握上下文由原先肯定努力走向过度解读的语义转变，误判语境走向，应选applauding； 第60小题，只熟悉pick up“捡起”基础释义，不熟悉短语引申义“学会、习得”，受字面义干扰错选take away，应选pick up。 话题3 多媒体（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江西南昌·阶段检测）Maxwell Riseman is a senior and a motivational creator on social media. Riseupriseman was 1 two months ago when he first got the idea because of the likes he received on 2 material he posted on his personal account. “I put it online just to see how people would 3 it, just for fun,” Riseman said. “And 4 enough, there were literally 40 people who liked the 5 .” His focus, thanks to the new account, now is to spread his mission and 6 . His account is centered around “spreading positivity and 7 the building of a better community.” Riseman does this through videos: motivational interviews featuring 8 on campus. “Now that the account is 9 ,” Riseman said, “more people are willing to appear in my videos sharing uplifting stories.” As Riseman spreads positivity, he has been getting 10 feedback from family and friends as well as his followers. In a feedback   11 he put out on his account, he received 30 12 responses, which made him happy and relieved. And the majority of them 13 him to continue with what he’s been doing.         “Since there’re many events going on in our country that make people down, there’s just much 14 on American campuses right now. So, just one thing I’m sticking to doing is try to make people 15 their life a bit more, therefore a bit happier,” Riseman said. 1．A．spotted B．launched C．released D．evaluated 2．A．traditional B．promotional C．educational D．inspirational 3．A．deal with B．reflect on C．react to D．debate over 4．A．quickly B．surprisingly C．amusingly D．predictably 5．A．content B．account C．innovation D．intention 6．A．values B．wishes C．demands D．secrets 7．A．choosing B．facilitating C．planning D．explaining 8．A．clubs B．activities C．students D．visitors 9．A．starting B．recovering C．combining D．expanding 10．A．favorable B．doubtful C．proper D．simple 11．A．lecture B．analysis C．survey D．discussion 12．A．heart-warming B．eye-opening C．record-breaking D．truth-seeking 13．A．instructed B．encouraged C．allowed D．reminded 14．A．optimism B．anger C．negativity D．curiosity 15．A．know B．change C．live D．enjoy 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了社交媒体上的励志创作者Maxwell Riseman通过新账户Riseupriseman传播积极信息，鼓励人们享受生活，建设更好的社区，并得到了积极反馈。 【详解】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Riseupriseman是两个月前推出的，当时他第一次有了这个想法，因为他在个人账户上发布的鼓舞人心的材料获得了点赞。A. spotted发现；B. launched推出；C. released释放；D. evaluated评估。根据下文“when he first got the idea”以及“I put it online”可知，此处表示Riseupriseman这个账号是两个月前推出的。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Riseupriseman是两个月前推出的，当时他第一次有了这个想法，因为他在个人账户上发布的鼓舞人心的材料获得了点赞。A. traditional传统的；B. promotional促销的；C. educational教育的；D. inspirational鼓舞人心的。根据上文“Maxwell Riseman is a senior and a motivational creator on social media.”可知，他发布的是鼓舞人心的材料。故选D。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我把它放到网上只是为了看看人们会有什么反应，只是为了好玩，”Riseman说。A. deal with处理；B. reflect on反思；C. react to对……做出反应；D. debate over辩论。根据上文“I put it online just to see how people would”以及下文“And ____ enough, there were literally 40 people who liked the ____.”可知，他想知道人们对发布的内容有什么反应。故选C。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，真的有40个人喜欢这个内容。A. quickly快速地；B. surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. amusingly有趣地；D. predictably不出所料地。根据“there were literally 40 people who liked the”可知，有40个人喜欢这个内容，这是令人惊讶的。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，真的有40个人喜欢这个内容。A. content内容；B. account账户；C. innovation创新；D. intention意图。根据上文“because of the likes he received on ____ material he posted on his personal account.”可知，此处指的是有人喜欢他发布的内容。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于有了这个新账户，他的重点现在是传播他的使命和价值观。A. values价值观；B. wishes愿望；C. demands要求；D. secrets秘密。根据下文“His account is centered around “spreading positivity and ____ the building of a better community.””可知，此处指传播使命和价值观。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的账户以“传播积极信息，促进建设更好的社区”为中心。A. choosing选择；B. facilitating促进；C. planning计划；D. explaining解释。根据下文“the building of a better community”以及语境可知，此处指促进建设更好的社区。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Riseman通过视频做到这一点：以校园里的学生为特色的励志访谈。A. clubs俱乐部；B. activities活动；C. students学生；D. visitors游客。根据下文“on campus”以及常识可知，此处指校园里的学生。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在这个账户正在扩大，”Riseman说，“更多的人愿意出现在我的视频中分享鼓舞人心的故事。”A. starting开始；B. recovering恢复；C. combining结合；D. expanding扩大。根据下文“more people are willing to appear in my videos sharing uplifting stories”可知，更多人愿意出现，所以此处表示这个账户正在扩大。故选D。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着Riseman传播积极信息，他从家人、朋友以及粉丝那里得到了有利的反馈。A. favorable有利的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. proper合适的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“which made him happy and relieved”可知，他得到了有利的反馈。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他账户上发布的一项反馈调查中，他收到了30个暖心的回复，这让他感到高兴和欣慰。A. lecture讲座；B. analysis分析；C. survey调查；D. discussion讨论。根据上文“he has been getting ____ feedback from family and friends as well as his followers.”以及下文“he received 30 ____ responses, which made him happy and relieved.”可知，此处指他发布的反馈调查。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他账户上发布的一项反馈调查中，他收到了30个暖心的回复，这让他感到高兴和欣慰。A. heart-warming暖心的；B. eye-opening令人大开眼界的；C. record-breaking破纪录的；D. truth-seeking寻求真相的。根据下文“which made him happy and relieved”可知，他收到了暖心的回复，所以感到高兴和欣慰。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们中的大多数人鼓励他继续做他一直在做的事情。A. instructed指示；B. encouraged鼓励；C. allowed允许；D. reminded提醒。根据上文“he received 30 ____ responses, which made him happy and relieved.”以及下文“to continue with what he’s been doing”可知，他收到暖心的反馈，推测此处表示他们鼓励他继续做下去。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Riseman说：“由于我们国家发生了许多让人们沮丧的事件，现在美国校园里有很多消极情绪。所以，我坚持要做的一件事就是努力让人们更享受他们的生活，因此更快乐一点。”A. optimism乐观；B. anger愤怒；C. negativity消极情绪；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Since there’re many events going on in our country that make people down”可知，此处表示校园里有很多消极情绪。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Riseman说：“由于我们国家发生了许多让人们沮丧的事件，现在美国校园里有很多消极情绪。所以，我坚持要做的一件事就是努力让人们更享受他们的生活，因此更快乐一点。”A. know知道；B. change改变；C. live生活；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“their life a bit more, therefore a bit happier,”可知，此处指让人们更享受他们的生活，过得更快乐一点。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·江苏·阶段检测）McDonald’s in the Netherlands has launched a pioneering advertising campaign. It uses something that’s even more 16 than the golden arches. Inspired by the easily recognizable smell of the chain’s French fries, the brand set up the first billboard (广告牌) where the smell becomes the 17 . The three plain red or yellow billboards didn’t even have a logo but still 18 to attract hungry customers. To passers-by, the huge billboards simply looked 19 . However, when they 20 within about 15 feet of them, they were 21 by the smell of McDonald’s fries. McDonald’s shared video shows people approaching the sign to 22 the smell. “Is it McDonald’s?” asks one of them, while a second says: “Fries?” A third then says: “I smell fries,” with a fourth adding: “It smells like a Happy Meal — McDonald’s?” and a fifth finally 23 shouts: “The French fries from McDonald’s!” Viewers were 24 with the idea, commenting: “Wish I had a McDonald’s Netherlands near me.” Using sensors and Wi-Fi connectivity, the billboards can 25 when someone is nearby and release their smell accordingly. This approach ensures that the smell is always present. Being strategically 26 within 200 yards of restaurants, these billboards cleverly give fast food fans the 27 they need to treat themselves. While this might seem like a gimmick (噱头), there is good reason for having customers follow their 28 . “When it comes to sparking (触发) clear and emotional memories, smell has been proven to be more 29 than images,” explained the chief marketing officer of McDonald’s Netherlands. “With the inclusion of this next sense in our advertising, we’ve found a new way to 30 people of good times at McDonald’s.” 16．A．memorable B．meaningful C．critical D．acceptable 17．A．product B．slogan C．practice D．advertisement 18．A．managed B．expected C．promised D．offered 19．A．flexible B．empty C．clean D．modern 20．A．left B．worked C．passed D．skipped 21．A．encouraged B．confused C．greeted D．moved 22．A．copy B．imagine C．guess D．remember 23．A．carelessly B．confidently C．secretly D．suddenly 24．A．satisfied B．disappointed C．inspired D．impressed 25．A．tell B．investigate C．chart D．report 26．A．placed B．examined C．protected D．covered 27．A．support B．push C．faith D．power 28．A．trend B．nose C．preference D．stomach 29．A．reasonable B．serious C．effective D．interesting 30．A．persuade B．warn C．beg D．remind 【答案】 16．A 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是荷兰麦当劳推出的一项创新广告活动：将气味加入到广告牌中。 【详解】16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它使用了比金色拱门更令人难忘的东西。A. memorable难忘的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. critical关键的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据前文“pioneering advertising campaign”可知，这个广告活动是开创性的，所以这里应该是用了比金色拱门更令人难忘的东西来吸引人，故选A。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：受该连锁店法式炸薯条易识别气味的启发，该品牌设立了第一个广告牌，气味成为广告。A. product产品；B. slogan口号；C. practice实践；D. advertisement广告。根据前文“billboard”可知，这里说的是广告牌，气味本身就是广告，故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三个纯红色或黄色的广告牌甚至没有标志，但仍然设法吸引了饥饿的顾客。A. managed设法做到；B. expected期望；C. promised承诺；D. offered提供。根据后文“to attract hungry customers”可知，尽管没有标志，但广告牌还是设法吸引了顾客，故选A。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对路人来说，巨大的广告牌看起来空荡荡的。A. flexible灵活的；B. empty空的；C. clean干净的；D. modern现代的。根据前文“the huge billboards simply looked”和后文“However, when they within about 15 feet of them, they were by the smell of McDonald’s fries.”可知，广告牌很巨大，所以看起来空空的，但当人们走近时，却能闻到薯条的味道，故选B。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们走到离广告牌大约15英尺以内时，麦当劳薯条的味道扑面而来。A. left离开；B. worked工作；C. passed经过；D. skipped跳跃。根据后文“within about 15 feet of them”可知，路人从广告牌旁经过，故选C。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们走到离广告牌大约15英尺以内时，麦当劳薯条的味道扑面而来。A. encouraged鼓励；B. confused使困惑；C. greeted迎接；D. moved移动。根据后文“by the smell of McDonald’s fries”和第二段结尾“attract hungry customers”可知，广告牌有麦当劳薯条的味道，所以当顾客走到广告牌附近时，这个味道扑面而来，be greeted by意为“被……迎接，被……扑面而来”。故选C。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦当劳分享的视频显示，人们走近标志去猜测气味。A. copy复制；B. imagine想象；C. guess猜测；D. remember记得。根据后文“Is it McDonald’s?”以及“Fries?”等对话可知，人们在猜测这是什么味道，故选C。 23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：第三个人然后说：“我闻到了薯条的味道。”第四个人补充说：“闻起来像开心乐园餐——麦当劳？”第五个人最后自信地喊道：“麦当劳的薯条！”A. carelessly粗心地；B. confidently自信地；C. secretly秘密地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文““Is it McDonald’s?”以及“Fries?””可知，人们在逐渐确认味道，最后第五个人自信地喊道是麦当劳的薯条，故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：观众对这个想法印象深刻，评论道：“真希望我身边有一家荷兰麦当劳。”A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. inspired受到激励的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据后文评论“Wish I had a McDonald’s Netherlands near me.”可知，观众对这个广告创意印象深刻，所以也希望自己附近也有一个这样的麦当劳，故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用传感器和Wi-Fi连接，广告牌可以判断何时有人靠近，并相应地释放气味。A. tell辨别，判断；B. investigate调查；C. chart绘制图表；D. report报告。根据前文“Using sensors and Wi-Fi connectivity”和后文“when someone is nearby and release their smell accordingly”可知，广告牌利用传感器和Wi-Fi连接能够判断何时有人靠近，故选A。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些广告牌被战略性地放置在餐厅200码范围内，巧妙地给了快餐爱好者犒劳自己的推动力。A. placed放置；B. examined检查；C. protected保护；D. covered覆盖。根据后文“within 200 yards of restaurants”可知，广告牌被“放置”在餐厅附近，故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些广告牌被战略性地放置在餐厅200码范围内，巧妙地给了快餐爱好者犒劳自己的推动力。A. support支持；B. push推动，动力；C. faith信仰；D. power力量。根据前文“within 200 yards of restaurants”和后文“they need to treat themselves”可知，广告牌就放在离餐厅200码范围内，使快餐迷们很容易就可以进去款待自己，给了款待自己的动力，故选B。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这看起来像是一个噱头，但让顾客跟随他们的鼻子是有充分理由的。A. trend趋势；B. nose鼻子；C. preference偏好；D. stomach胃。根据前文“they were____by the smell of McDonald’s fries”可知，顾客是被广告牌的气味吸引，所以顾客跟随自己的鼻子，故选B。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：荷兰麦当劳的首席营销官解释说：“当谈到激发清晰和情感记忆时，气味已被证明比图像更有效。”A. reasonable合理的；B. serious严肃的；C. effective有效的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“With the inclusion of this next sense in our advertising, we’ve found a new way to people of good times at McDonald’s.”可知，人们在麦当劳度过了快乐的时光，所以气味在广告中被证明是“有效的”，故选C。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过在我们的广告中加入这种感官体验，我们找到了一种新的方式来提醒人们在麦当劳的美好时光。A. persuade说服；B. warn警告；C. beg乞求；D. remind提醒。根据前文“With the inclusion of this next sense in our advertising”和后文“people of good times at McDonald’s”可知，通过把气味加入到广告中，这种方法提醒了人们在麦当劳的美好时光，故选D。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·河北·期末）Out of the millions of people who post videos online, few achieve fame and fortune. Zach King, however, has gained 31 and wealth by posting creative and precisely edited videos that look like 32 . Like stage magicians, King aims to 33 audiences by making impossible things appear to be 34 . King’s videos offer impressive images that 35 people of all ages. They often start with ordinary events, which quickly change to something physically 36 . In one video, a picture of a black hole becomes 37 and starts sucking in (吸入) people and objects. In another 38 , a man cuts a wood into the shape of an elephant, which comes to life. A third video 39 a cup of coffee, which transforms into a piece of cake when cut. Many of the videos contain an element of 40 that comes from the surprise of seeing 41 things happen. Born on February 4, 1990, King had an interest in 42 when he was 7. He started uploading videos he had made to the website in 2008. The one that spread 43 in 2011 brought him fame. From then on, he 44 producing videos. In 2022 he broke the world record for the most views on a single 45 . His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. 31．A．opportunity B．capability C．popularity D．curiosity 32．A．imagination B．conflicts C．disasters D．magic 33．A．amuse B．cheat C．confuse D．honor 34．A．living B．happening C．missing D．increasing 35．A．result from B．take over C．appeal to D．care for 36．A．strong B．touched C．active D．impossible 37．A．real B．valuable C．fancy D．colorful 38．A．period B．video C．area D．picture 39．A．features B．means C．proves D．measures 40．A．truth B．mistrust C．science D．comedy 41．A．horrible B．incredible C．reliable D．unavoidable 42．A．photo-taking B．problem-solving C．film-making D．sight-seeing 43．A．consequently B．quickly C．secretly D．regularly 44．A．continued B．stopped C．attempted D．succeeded 45．A．day B．image C．basis D．roll 【答案】 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．B 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Zach King通过拍摄魔术视频获得成功的故事。 【详解】31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Zach King通过发布看起来像魔法的创意和精确编辑的视频而获得了人气和财富。A. opportunity机会；B. capability能力；C. popularity人气、受欢迎；D. curiosity好奇心。由上文“Out of the millions of people who post videos online, few achieve fame and fortune. (在数百万在线发布视频的人中，很少有人能名利双收)”，转折词however和下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐，并为他赢得了人气)”可知，与其他人相反，King通过发布视频而获得了人气和财富。故选C项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Zach King通过发布看起来像魔法的创意和精确编辑的视频而获得了人气和财富。A. imagination想象力；B. conflicts冲突；C. disasters灾害；D. magic魔法、神奇。由下文“Like stage magicians (就像舞台魔术师一样)”可知，King制作的视频看起来有魔术效果，很神奇。故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像舞台魔术师一样，King的目的是通过让不可能的事情看起来正在发生来取悦观众。A. amuse逗乐；B. cheat欺骗；C. confuse使迷惑；D. honor尊敬。由本处语境，常识和下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐)”可知，魔术师的目的是娱乐大众，所以King的视频也是娱乐大众。故选A项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像舞台魔术师一样，King的目的是通过让不可能的事情看起来正在发生来取悦观众。A. living生活；B. happening发生；C. missing错过；D. increasing增加。由上文“Like stage magicians”和“making impossible things appear to be”可知，King就像舞台魔术师一样，把看似不可能的事情变得好像正在发生，这也是魔术的神奇之处。故选B项。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：King的视频提供了令人印象深刻的图像，吸引了所有年龄段的人。A. result from由……引起；B. take over接管；C. appeal to呼吁、吸引；D. care for照顾。由上文“Like stage magicians (就像舞台魔术师一样)”，“King’s videos offer impressive images”和下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐，并为他赢得了人气)”可知，King的令人印象深刻的视频很有魔术效果，所以此处指他的视频吸引了不同年龄段的人们。故选C项。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们经常从普通的事件开始，很快就会变成物理上不可能的事情。A. strong强的；B. touched感动的；C. active积极的；D. impossible不可能的。由本处语境可知，此处描述King的视频里的魔术效果，把不可能的事情变成可能。且上文“making impossible things appear to be happening”也是提示。故选D项。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个视频中，一个黑洞的图片变得真实，并开始吸入人和物体。A. real真正的；B. valuable有价值的；C. fancy花哨的；D. colorful鲜艳的。由本处语境可知，本句用实例继续描写King的视频里的魔术效果，所以此处指“由假变真”。故选A项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在另一段视频中，一名男子将一块木头砍成大象的形状，大象复活了。A. period一段时间；B. video视频；C. area地区；D. picture照片。由上文“In one video (在一个视频中)”和下文“A third video (第三个视频)”可知，此处指另一个视频。故选B项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个视频是一杯咖啡，切开后会变成一块蛋糕。A. features以……为特色；B. means意味着；C. proves证明；D. measures测量。承接上文继续用实例描写King的视频里的魔术效果，主语“A third video”指的是第三个视频，此处讲这个视频的特点是什么。故选A项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多视频都包含一种喜剧元素，这种元素来自于看到不可思议的事情发生的惊喜。A. truth真相；B. mistrust不信任；C. science科学；D. comedy喜剧。本句总结上述魔术视频例子，再结合下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐)”可知，他的许多视频都含有喜剧元素。故选D项。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多视频都包含一种喜剧元素，这种元素来自于看到不可思议的事情发生的惊喜。A. horrible令人恐惧的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. reliable可信赖的；D. unavoidable不可避免的。呼应上文“Like stage magicians, King aims to 　　3　　 audiences by making impossible things appear to be 　　4　　. (就像舞台魔术师一样，King的目的是通过让不可能的事情看起来正在发生来取悦观众)”可知，本句总结上述魔术视频例子，许多视频都含有喜剧元素，这些元素来自于看到不可思议的事情发生时的惊喜。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：King出生于1990年2月4日，7岁时就对电影制作产生了兴趣。A. photo-taking拍照；B. problem-solving解决问题；C. film-making电影制作；D. sight-seeing游览。由下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐，并为他赢得了人气)”可知，King在视频制作方面取得成功，是因为他从小就对拍电影感兴趣，喜欢拍电影从而开始拍视频是合理的因果关系。故选C项。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2011年迅速传播的一个视频为他带来了名声。A. consequently因此；B. quickly迅速地；C. secretly秘密地；D. regularly经常。由下文“His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. (他的视频给无数人带来了欢乐，并为他赢得了人气)”和常识可知，网络视频往往是迅速在网上传开，然后出名的。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他继续制作视频。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. attempted尝试；D. succeeded成功。由上文“The one that spread 　　13　　 in 2011 brought him fame. (2011年迅速传播的一个视频为他带来了名声)”可知，King在2011年小获成功后，继续制作视频，所以才有了后来的巨大成功。故选A项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年，他打破了单次观看次数最多的世界纪录。A. day白天；B. image形象；C. basis基础、方式；D. roll卷。由上文语境可知，King是拍网络视频的，此处指2022年他打破了单次视频观看次数最多的世界纪录，侧面凸显他的魔法视频的受欢迎度，on a … basis意为“以……的方式、按照……的标准”。故选C项。 Passage 4 （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·阶段检测）Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can and should do every single day. I’m Will Ruhio, one of the 46 of BYUTV’s Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to 47 random acts of kindness. We’ve filmed acts 48 from building disabled-friendly facilities for those who are badly 49 them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet. On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who recognizes a need and 50 an incredible chain reaction of service. 51 the story of Emmalene Meyers for example. Emmalene was 52 to be a ballet dancer, but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) 53 . Emmalene’s friend Lily 54 an opportunity. She imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan 55 . So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a 56 to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being 57 and involved in service is just like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to 58 it. After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of reducing burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade. I sometimes assume Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldn’t be further from the 59 . When I finally meet the people we’ve been working to 60 and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it hits me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show. 46．A．photographers B．actors C．hosts D．viewers 47．A．expose B．conduct C．arrange D．advocate 48．A．changing B．counting C．ranging D．transforming 49．A．in search of B．in need of C．in defense of D．in favor of 50．A．sets aside B．sets down C．sets off D．sets out 51．A．Resolve B．Take C．Create D．Explain 52．A．proud B．reluctant C．anxious D．afraid 53．A．exception B．dilemma C．competition D．challenge 54．A．provided B．seized C．missed D．spotted 55．A．successful B．acceptable C．reasonable D．available 56．A．option B．difference C．promise D．conclusion 57．A．generous B．sociable C．ambitious D．caring 58．A．put up with B．make up for C．work at D．take in 59．A．truth B．deadline C．destination D．boundary 60．A．entertain B．surprise C．locate D．please 【答案】 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．C 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．D 58．C 59．A 60．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了BYUTV《随机善举》节目通过隐藏摄像机记录善行，鼓励人们寻找机会帮助他人并付诸行动。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是Will Ruhio，BYUTV《随机善举》节目的主持人之一。A. photographers摄影师；B. actors演员；C. hosts主持人；D. viewers观众。根据下文“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts”可知，Will Ruhio是节目的主持人之一。故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们带着隐藏的摄像机到意想不到的地方去揭露随机的善举。A. expose揭露，暴露；B. conduct进行，实施；C. arrange安排；D. advocate提倡。根据上文“We take hidden cameras to unexpected places”以及常识可知，带着隐藏摄像机是为了揭露随机的善举。故选A。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们拍摄的行为从为急需但负担不起的人建造无障碍设施到归还丢失的钱包。A. changing改变；B. counting数；C. ranging（在……内）变动；D. transforming转变。根据下文“from building disabled-friendly facilities for those who are badly  ____4____  them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.”可知，此处指拍摄的行为范围很广，range from...to...“从……到……范围变动”。故选C。 49．考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. in search of寻找；B. in need of需要；C. in defense of防御；D. in favor of支持。根据上文“building disabled-friendly facilities for those who are badly”以及语境可知，此处指那些急需无障碍设施但负担不起的人。故选B。 50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在《随机善举》中，可能是邻居或同事意识到某种需求，并引发了一场令人难以置信的服务连锁反应。A. sets aside留出；B. sets down记下；C. sets off引发；D. sets out出发。根据下文“an incredible chain reaction of service”可知，此处指上文描述的情况引发了一场服务连锁反应。故选C。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：以Emmalene Meyers的故事为例。A. Resolve解决；B. Take拿，取；C. Create创造；D. Explain解释。根据下文“the story of Emmalene Meyers for example”可知，此处指以Emmalene Meyers的故事为例，take...for example“以……为例”。故选B。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Emmalene渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员，但她的身体残疾使日常任务都成了挑战。A. proud骄傲的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“to be a ballet dancer, but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a (n)  ____8____ .”可知，虽然身体残疾，但是Emmalene渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exception例外；B. dilemma困境；C. competition竞争；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“her physical disability makes even everyday tasks”可知，由于身体残疾，日常任务对她来说是挑战。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emmalene的朋友Lily发现了一个机会。A. provided提供；B. seized抓住；C. missed错过；D. spotted发现。根据下文“an opportunity. She imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan  ____10____ .”可知，此处指Lily发现了一个帮助Emmalene实现梦想的机会。故选D。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她想象着Emmalene的梦想在舞台上实现，并说服《随机善举》帮助她的计划成功。A. successful成功的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. reasonable合理的；D. available可获得的。根据上文“She imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan”可知，Lily说服节目组帮助Emmalene实现计划，即让她的梦想在舞台上成功实现。故选A。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是要像Lily一样：寻找机会为有需要的人带来影响，然后采取行动实现它。A. option选择；B. difference不同；C. promise承诺；D. conclusion结论。根据上文“The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a”可知，此处指为需要帮助的人带来影响，make a difference表示“有影响，起作用”，符合题意。故选B。 57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乐于助人并参与服务就像你想要实现的任何其他目标一样。A. generous慷慨的；B. sociable好交际的；C. ambitious有雄心的；D. caring乐于助人的。根据上文“The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a  ____11____  to those in need, and then take action to make it happen.”以及下文“and involved in service is just like any other goal you want to achieve.”可知，此处指乐于助人并参与服务。故选D。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你必须努力去做。A. put up with忍受；B. make up for弥补；C. work at努力做，致力于；D. take in吸收，理解。根据上文“The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a  ____11____  to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being  ____12____  and involved in service is just like any other goal you want to achieve.”可知，乐于助人并参与服务就像想要实现的任何其他目标一样，需要努力去做。故选C。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有时会认为《随机善举》最终可能会失去它的特色，但事实远非如此。A. truth事实；B. deadline截止日期；C. destination目的地；D. boundary边界。根据上文“I sometimes assume Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldn’t be further from the”可知，作者有时认为节目会失去特色，但事实远非如此，“far from the truth”意为“远非事实”，符合语境。故选A。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于见到我们一直努力让他们感到惊喜的人，看到他们真正的震惊和感激时，每次我都会感动。A. entertain娱乐；B. surprise使惊奇；C. locate定位；D. please使高兴。根据下文“and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it hits me in the feel every time.”可知，节目组一直努力让受帮助的人感到惊喜。故选B。 第1小题，容易混淆launch与release；只记住release“发布（影片、消息）”，不熟悉launch表示推出账号、项目，语境是社交媒体账号上线，应选launched； 第17小题，容易误选slogan；片面理解广告牌功能，忽略本文核心创意：气味本身就是广告载体而非标语口号，应选advertisement； 第45小题，对固定搭配on a single basis不熟，只看字面basis“基础”，容易错选image；on a … basis表示“以……方式”，此处on a single basis指单条视频，应选basis； 第47小题，容易误选advocate；混淆动词词义，advocate是“主动倡导宣扬”，节目组用隐藏摄像机是捕捉、展现已经发生的善行（expose），并非自己去宣扬善举，应选expose。 话题4 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·山东烟台·期末）We had long dreamed of going to the Caribbean, but couldn’t afford it. 1 , a friend mentioned “pet sitting”. This could provide us the chance to 2 the destination while looking after pets whose owners are away from home. We quickly created an account, sent a request and 3 a three-month sit in the Virgin Islands. Having thoroughly toured the whole area, we secured another sit in Grenada. Later, inspired by a popular influencer couple, we 4 our own travel blog, writing about the Virgin Islands, centering around beautiful beaches. But 5 would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach. It was hard to 6 the plastic pollution issue, especially on such pure and remote beaches. The severity of the global plastic crisis 7 us. From that point, we used our 8 to raise public awareness of saying no to plastic products. We also 9 ourselves to live a plastic-free life. We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take-aways and avoiding plastic packaging. We carried reusable bags and tableware when travelling. On our daily dog 10 , we picked up rubbish and 11 those photos online. We connected with like-minded people and worked with eco-conscious brands. Eventually, the 12 led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada. Over these years, our platform has 13 people from all walks of life and seen brands shifting towards more 14 products. Looking back, we realize that even a small step — like picking up rubbish while walking a pet — can grow into a 15 change. 1．A．Awkwardly B．Accidentally C．Gratefully D．Desperately 2．A．cover B．inspect C．explore D．consider 3．A．reached B．noticed C．landed D．refused 4．A．checked B．started C．cancelled D．visited 5．A．tourists B．sand C．pets D．litter 6．A．ignore B．address C．discover D．emphasize 7．A．confused B．alarmed C．bored D．embarrassed 8．A．fame B．curiosity C．platform D．occupation 9．A．disciplined B．persuaded C．comforted D．assigned 10．A．training B．adoption C．shows D．walks 11．A．shot B．posted C．collected D．viewed 12．A．cooperation B．competition C．affection D．expectation 13．A．relaxed B．delighted C．motivated D．challenged 14．A．sustainable B．appealing C．convenient D．familiar 15．A．double-edged B．people-centered C．short-term D．far-reaching 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】主要讲述一对夫妻通过宠物看护开启加勒比之旅，继而利用博客平台宣传减塑，发起海滩清理活动，带来深远影响的故事。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：偶然间，一位朋友提到了“照看宠物”。A. Awkwardly笨拙地；B. Accidentally偶然地；C. Gratefully感激地；D. Desperately拼命地。根据上文“but couldn’t afford it”以及下文“a friend mentioned “pet sitting”可知，此处指的是朋友无意间提起这个办法。 2．考查动词。句意：这可以为我们提供机会，在照看主人外出的宠物的同时探索这个目的地。A. cover覆盖；B. inspect检查；C. explore探索；D. consider考虑。根据下文“Having thoroughly toured the whole area”可知，他们借此机会游览、探索此地。 3．考查动词。句意：我们很快注册了一个账号，发送了申请，并成功得到了一份在维尔京群岛为期三个月的宠物看护工作。A. reached到达；B. noticed注意到；C. landed成功得到（工作、机会）；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“sent a request”以及下文“a three-month sit”可知，他们提交申请之后，顺利拿下这份看护任务，land有“谋得、得到”的含义。 4．考查动词。句意：后来，受一对网红夫妇的启发，我们创办了自己的旅行博客，写下关于维尔京群岛的见闻，以美丽的海滩为主题。A. checked检查；B. started创办，开启；C. cancelled取消；D. visited拜访。根据下文的“our own travel blog”可知，此处指的是开办博客。 5．考查名词。句意：但是在每一张美丽的海滩照片里，垃圾总会映入眼帘。A. tourists游客；B. sand沙子；C. pets宠物；D. litter垃圾。根据下文“the plastic pollution issue”塑料污染问题，可推知照片里出现的是塑料垃圾。 6．考查动词。句意：忽视塑料污染问题很难，尤其是在这样纯净又偏远的海滩上。A. ignore忽视；B. address解决；C. discover发现；D. emphasize强调。根据上文“But_____would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach.”可知，海滩照片总能看见垃圾，说明污染显而易见，很难不去注意、很难忽视。 7．考查动词。句意：全球塑料危机的严重程度使我们感到担忧、警觉。A. confused使困惑；B. alarmed使惊恐，使担忧；C. bored使厌烦；D. embarrassed使尴尬。根据上文“The severity of the global plastic crisis”可知，看到严重的塑料污染，他们内心受到触动、为之警觉担忧。 8．考查名词。句意：从那时起，我们利用我们的平台来提高公众拒绝塑料制品的意识。A. fame名声；B. curiosity好奇心；C. platform平台；D. occupation职业。根据上文“we started our own travel blog”可知，博客就是他们的宣传平台。 9．考查动词。句意：我们也严格约束自己过无塑料的生活。A. disciplined自我约束；B. persuaded说服；C. comforted安慰；D. assigned分配。根据下文“We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take‑aways and avoiding plastic packaging.”可知，调整饮食，不点外卖，避开塑料包装，说明他们严格自律。 10．考查名词。句意：在每天遛狗的时候，我们捡拾垃圾，并把那些照片发到网上。A. training训练；B. adoption收养；C. shows展览；D. walks散步。根据后文“picked up rubbish”及宠物看护的背景可知，这是在遛狗时做的事，固定搭配 dog walks表示“遛狗”。 11．考查动词。句意：在每天遛狗的时候，我们捡拾垃圾，并把那些照片发到网上。A. shot拍摄；B. posted发布；C. collected收集；D. viewed观看。根据下文的online可知，此处指的是将照片发布到网络上。 12．考查名词。句意：最终，这次合作促使我们在格林纳达组织了一场全国范围的海滩清理活动。A. cooperation合作；B. competition竞争；C. affection喜爱；D. expectation期待。根据上文“We connected with like‑minded people and worked with eco‑conscious brands.”可知，我们结识志同道合的人并且和注重环保的品牌合作，由此引出海滩清理活动。 13．考查动词。句意：这些年来，我们的平台激励了各行各业的人，也见证各个品牌转向生产更加可持续的产品。A. relaxed使放松；B. delighted使高兴；C. motivated激励；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“people from all walks of life”及积极影响可知，平台激励了人们。 14．考查形容词。句意：这些年来，我们的平台激励了各行各业的人，也见证各个品牌转向生产更加可持续的产品。A. sustainable可持续的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. convenient方便的；D. familiar熟悉的。本文主题是减少塑料污染，环保对应的就是可持续发展产品。 15．考查形容词。句意：回首往事，我们意识到即便是很小的一步——比如遛狗时捡垃圾——也可以成长为一场影响深远的改变。A. double‑edged双刃剑的；B. people‑centered以人为本的；C. short‑term短期的；D. far‑reaching影响深远的。根据上文“Eventually, the ________ led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada.”可知，从个人行为发展到全国运动，这种变化是影响深远的。 Passage 2 （25-26高二下·重庆·期末）Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England. So dog owners were 16 when they were told their dogs could run free in the reserve, as long as the pups would wear backpacks filled with 17 . The Nature Reserve was so popular that many of its native wildflowers and grasses had 18 after decades of use. People 19 they wouldn’t see any plants coming up. The Lewes Wildlife Trust decided that using dogs would be a 20 way to help reseed the ground. As dogs 21 , the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily 22 on the 25-acre reserve. Barbara Haydon was among the dog owners who came to help with the 23 . She put backpacks 24 by the reserve on her three golden retrievers (金毛犬) and set them free to run around the area while 25 seeds. “It was a good 26 for my energetic dogs. I was glad to see them doing something 27 for the environment, just by being themselves,” Haydon said. “They 28 it greatly, and so did I.” Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off. Small green 29 are appearing all over the forest floor. “It was brilliant to 30 our local dog walkers in the project,” said Helen Meade, CEO of the Wildlife Trust, “and we hope to keep it going for a couple of years.” 16．A．worried B．surprised C．ashamed D．disappointed 17．A．food B．water C．toys D．seeds 18．A．extended B．returned C．grown D．disappeared 19．A．admitted B．explained C．feared D．confirmed 20．A．final B．real C．simple D．traditional 21．A．turned around B．raced around C．showed up D．lined up 22．A．reach B．notice C．recognize D．count 23．A．offer B．game C．effort D．problem 24．A．produced B．supplied C．donated D．deserted 25．A．saving B．collecting C．removing D．spreading 26．A．fit B．treat C．training D．lesson 27．A．familiar B．useful C．convenient D．attractive 28．A．trusted B．missed C．enjoyed D．deserved 29．A．shoots B．roots C．fruits D．flowers 30．A．persuade B．employ C．recommend D．involve 【答案】 16．B 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．C 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文讲述了英国刘易斯的自然保护区原本禁止狗不拴绳进入，但当地野生动物信托基金会却破例允许狗自由活动，前提是狗需要背着装有种子的背包帮助保护区补种原生植物，这一举措既让狗享受在自然环境中自由奔跑，又帮助恢复生态。 【详解】16．考查形容词。句意：因此，当狗主人得知，只要小狗背着装满种子的背包就可以在保护区里自由奔跑时，他们十分惊讶。A. worried担心的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England.”可知，该保护区原本禁止狗不拴绳进入，现在突然破例允许狗自由活动，对于主人来说这是意料之外的事。 17．考查名词。句意：因此，当狗主人得知，只要小狗背着装满种子的背包就可以在保护区里自由奔跑时，他们十分惊讶。A. food食物；B. water水；C. toys玩具；D. seeds种子。根据后文“help reseed the ground”以及“the seeds would drop from the backpacks”可知，背包里装的是种子。 18．考查动词。句意：自然保护区非常受欢迎，以至于经过多年的使用，其许多本土野花和草类已经消失了。A. extended延伸；B. returned返回；C. grown生长；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“they wouldn’t see any plants coming up”以及“help reseed the ground”可知，许多原生的植物已经消失了。 19．考查动词。句意：人们担心再也看不到植物长出来了。A. admitted承认；B. explained解释；C. feared担心；D. confirmed确认。上文“many of its native wildflowers and grasses had ______ after decades of use”提到许多原生植物已经消失，此处指人们担心再也没有植物长出来。 20．考查形容词。句意：刘易斯野生动物信托基金会决定，利用狗来帮助给土地重新播种是一个简单的方法。A. final最终的；B. real真实的；C. simple简单的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“As dogs _____, the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily _____ on the 25-acre reserve.”可知，这个方法只需要让奔跑的狗携带带孔的背包来播撒种子，操作十分简单。 21．考查动词短语。句意：当狗四处奔跑时，种子会从带着小孔的背包中掉出来，掉落到这片25英亩的保护区里人类不容易到达的区域。A. turned around转身；B. raced around四处奔跑；C. showed up出现；D. lined up排队。根据前文“their dogs could run free in the reserve”以及后文“set them free to run around the area”可知，此处指狗四处奔跑。 22．考查动词。句意：当狗四处奔跑时，种子会从带着小孔的背包中掉出来，掉落到这片25英亩的保护区里人类不容易到达的区域。A. reach到达；B. notice注意；C. recognize认出；D. count计数。根据上文“in areas that humans couldn’t easily”并结合常识，狗可以进入地形复杂的区域活动，这些区域往往是人类不容易到达的地方。 23．考查名词。句意：芭芭拉·海登是来出力的狗主人之一。A. offer提议；B. game游戏；C. effort努力；D. problem问题。这个重新播种的保护项目是众人一起为保护区生态恢复做出的努力，后文“see the dogs’ efforts pay off”也提示此处填effort。 24．考查动词。句意：她把保护区提供的背包套在她的三只金毛寻回犬身上，放它们在区域里自由奔跑播撒种子。A. produced生产；B. supplied提供；C. donated捐赠；D. deserted抛弃。根据后文“by the reserve”可知，这些背包是主办方保护区提供给狗主人使用的。 25．考查动词。句意：她把保护区提供的背包套在她的三只金毛寻回犬身上，放它们在区域里自由奔跑播撒种子。A. saving拯救；B. collecting收集；C. removing移除；D. spreading播撒。根据上文“As dogs _____, the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily _____ on the 25-acre reserve.”并结合项目目的，狗背着种子背包的作用就是通过活动把种子播撒在保护区。 26．考查名词。句意：这对我精力充沛的狗来说非常合适。A. fit合适；B. treat款待；C. training训练；D. lesson课程。根据上文“set them free to run around the area”和下文“for my energetic dogs”并结合常识，狗本身精力充沛，自由奔跑活动对狗来说是很好的锻炼，非常适合，a good fit for...意为“非常适合……”。 27．考查形容词。句意：我很高兴看到它们只用做自己，就能做一些对环境有益的事。A. familiar熟悉的；B. useful有用的；C. convenient方便的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据上文“using dogs would be a ______ way to help reseed the ground”可知，这个项目利用狗播种来帮助保护区恢复生态，因此狗的活动对环境是有用的。 28．考查动词。句意：它们玩得非常开心，我也很开心。A. trusted信任；B. missed想念；C. enjoyed享受，喜爱；D. deserved值得。根据前文“set them free to run around the area while ______ seeds”可知，狗自由奔跑，很享受这件事。 29．考查名词。句意：小小的绿芽已经遍布林地各处。A. shoots芽；B. roots根；C. fruits果实；D. flowers花。根据上文“Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off”可知，五个月后开始看到成果，刚刚长出来的是绿色的新芽。 30．考查动词。句意：野生动物信托基金会的CEO海伦·米德表示：“让当地遛狗的人参与到这个项目中来真是太妙了，我们希望再持续几年。”A. persuade说服；B. employ雇用；C. recommend推荐；D. involve使参与。根据空后“our local dog walkers in the project”可知，这个项目邀请了当地狗主人和他们的狗参与进来，involve sb. in sth.表示“让某人参与某事”。 Passage 3 （25-26高二下·重庆·阶段检测）Kyle Lybarger has found unexpected internet fame by introducing his followers to the overlooked world of southeastern flora (植物群). Along the way, he has become a(n) 31 of rare and endangered plant populations across Alabama. It all started with what Lybarger now 32 as a terrible mistake. About a decade ago, he found an open, rocky area 33 to plant food for hunting wildlife. He applied herbicide (除草剂), added soil, planted seeds and cut down some trees to 34 more light. The seeds didn’t survive. But around the edges, which he hadn’t 35 , beautiful plants sprang up and he believed he should know what they were. After posting their photos online, a local botanist 36 . Through him, Lybarger realized that he had destroyed an area with a wild seed bank of 37 species, all to plant only two or fewer species that didn’t belong to the ecosystem. Feeling 38 , Lybarger decided to protect local biodiversity and 39 native plant habitats. In a state where most land is 40 owned, that has meant knocking on doors to speak with landowners who 41 in the conservation of rare plants. Lybarger offers to care for those populations at no cost, 42 his income from social media. Lybarger thinks his biggest 43 comes through education on social media, influencing people to grow the native plants that 44 declining pollinators (授粉者) which are essential for the local environment. “Even one person, one yard, one-tenth of an acre can make a 45 ,” he says. 31．A．pioneer B．protector C．collector D．observer 32．A．ranks B．selects C．regards D．appoints 33．A．available B．harmful C．impossible D．suitable 34．A．let in B．bring about C．reflect off D．block out 35．A．adjusted B．marked C．watered D．treated 36．A．fell in love B．got in touch C．came to power D．ran into trouble 37．A．common B．hybrid C．countless D．migratory 38．A．regretful B．relieved C．grateful D．exhausted 39．A．restore B．copy C．record D．occupy 40．A．jointly B．publicly C．privately D．legally 41．A．remain B．compete C．specialize D．matter 42．A．thanks to B．instead of C．according to D．regardless of 43．A．challenge B．progress C．concern D．contribution 44．A．prevent B．support C．excite D．discourage 45．A．choice B．fortune C．difference D．decision 【答案】 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 【导语】文章介绍了博主Kyle Lybarger因早年破坏原生植物栖息地心生愧疚，转而投身阿拉巴马州珍稀濒危植物保护，依靠社交媒体科普本土植物、呼吁民众参与生态保护的故事。 【详解】31．考查名词。句意：一路走来，他成了阿拉巴马各地珍稀濒危植物种群的保护者。A. pioneer先驱；B. protector保护者；C. collector收藏家；D. observer观察者。根据后文“Lybarger decided to protect local biodiversity and native plant habitats”可知，他下定决心保护本土植物，对应身份是植物保护者。 32．考查动词。句意：一切始于Lybarger如今视作一次严重失误的一件事。A. ranks排名；B. selects挑选；C. regards认为；D. appoints任命。根据后文“as a terrible mistake”可知，他的环保初衷源于视作一次严重失误的一件事，固定搭配regard sth. as sth.意为“把某物视作……”。 33．考查形容词。句意：大约十年前，他找到一片开阔多岩石的区域，适合种植供狩猎野生动物食用的作物。A. available可获得的；B. harmful有害的；C. impossible不可能的；D. suitable合适的。根据前文“ he found an open, rocky area”及后文“to plant food for hunting wildlife”可知，此处指这片土地适合种作物，固定搭配suitable to do sth.表示“适合做某事”。 34．考查动词短语。句意：他喷洒除草剂、填土、播种，还砍倒一些树木以引入更多光照。A. let in使进入；B. bring about导致；C. reflect off反射；D. block out遮挡。根据后文“more light”可知，砍树是为了让阳光透进地里。 35．考查动词。句意：但在他没有处理过的地块边缘，长出了漂亮的野花，他决心弄清楚这些植物是什么。A. adjusted调整；B. marked标记；C. watered浇水；D. treated处理。根据前文“He applied herbicide, added soil, planted seeds and cut down some trees”及“But around the edges”可知，他只在中间区域喷洒除草剂、改造土地，边缘地带没有对土地进行任何处理。 36．考查动词短语。句意：他把植物照片发到网上后，当地一位植物学家联系了他。A. fell in love坠入爱河；B. got in touch取得联系；C. came to power掌权；D. ran into trouble陷入麻烦。根据后文“Through him, Lybarger realized”可知，博主发布植物照片，植物学家看到后主动联系他科普植物知识。 37．考查形容词。句意：通过这位植物学家， Lybarger意识到，他毁掉了一片存有无数本土物种野生种子库的土地，只为种植两种甚至更少不属于当地生态系统的外来作物。A. common普通的；B. hybrid杂交的；C. countless无数的；D. migratory迁徙的。对比后文“only two or fewer species”可知，此处强调本土植物数量繁多、不计其数。 38．考查形容词。句意：Lybarger满心懊悔，决定保护当地生物多样性，修复本土植物栖息地。A. regretful懊悔的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. grateful感激的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据前文“he had destroyed an area with a wild seed bank of species”可知，他亲手毁掉原生植物栖息地，内心充满愧疚。 39．考查动词。句意同上。A. restore修复；B. copy复制；C. record记录；D. occupy占据。根据前文“he had destroyed an area with a wild seed bank of species”可知，他破坏了原生土地，因此目标是修复受损的植物生存环境。 40．考查副词。句意：在这片大部分土地归私人所有的州，这意味着他需要挨家挨户拜访那些在珍稀植物保护方面举足轻重的土地所有者。A. jointly共同地；B. publicly公开地；C. privately私人地；D. legally合法地。根据后文“knocking on doors to speak with landowners”说明土地属于私人所有的。 41．考查动词。句意同上。A. remain保持；B. compete竞争；C. specialize专攻；D. matter要紧、起重要作用。根据前文“knocking on doors to speak with landowners”及后文“in the conservation of rare plants”可知，大部分土地是私有的，所以这些土地所有者在植物保护这件事上是十分关键的。 42．考查介词短语。句意：Lybarger免费照料这些植物种群，收入来源于社交媒体。A. thanks to多亏；B. instead of代替；C. according to根据；D. regardless of不管。根据前文“offers to care for those populations at no cost”及后文“ his income from social media”可知，他能够无偿养护植物，依靠社交媒体赚取收入支撑这项工作。 43．考查名词。句意：Lybarger认为他最大的贡献是在社交媒体上开展科普，引导人们种植本土植物，支撑数量不断减少的授粉昆虫，而授粉昆虫对当地环境至关重要。A. challenge挑战；B. progress进步；C. concern担忧；D. contribution贡献。根据后文“influencing people to grow the native plants”说明线上科普是他做出的重要贡献。 44．考查动词。句意同上。A. prevent阻止；B. support供养、支撑；C. excite使兴奋；D. discourage阻碍。根据前文“grow the native plants”及后文“declining pollinators”可知，本土植物能为授粉昆虫提供食物与生存环境，支撑它们生存繁衍。 45．考查名词。句意：他说：“哪怕只是一个人、一处小院、十分之一英亩土地，都能带来改变、发挥作用。”A. choice选择；B. fortune财富；C. difference不同、影响；D. decision决定。根据前文“Lybarger decided to protect local biodiversity and native plant habitats”可知，Lybarger凭借一己之力为保护当地生物多样性，修复本土植物栖息地，固定搭配make a difference意为“产生影响、有所作为”。 第3小题，不熟悉land熟词生义，只知道land作名词“土地”，忽略动词义“谋得（工作、任务）”，容易错选reached； 第26小题，对固定搭配a good fit for不熟悉，把fit只理解成动词“适合”，误选treat； 第41小题，对matter动词词义“要紧，起重要作用”掌握不足，习惯于它作名词“事情”，容易错选specialize。 本文讲述了男孩Harry发现了塑料污染对于环境的危害，积极推动禁塑环保的活动，最终获得了官方支持的事迹。 【新素材・Harry 禁塑行动】】Harry was a sensitive boy. When reading an annual report about plastic pollution, Harry was surprised at the volume of plastic 1 people produce. Plastic pollution has a 2 effect on ecology. Then, he felt it was his 3 to seize every opportunity to persuade students not to use plastic bags. As most students are 4 of the awareness of not using plastic bags, he 5 visited the headmasters in his city to launch a campaign about Zero Tolerance for Plastic Bags in School. With these headmasters 6 him, it became a 7 not to use plastic bags in school. It was because of his efforts to 8 the environment that his story was broadcast. More people subscribing to his view joined him. Besides, 9 students, he was chosen to meet the mayor (市长) of his city, to whom he 10 a report about how to reform the environmental policies and set restrictions on using plastic bags. If people 11 the restrictions, they should be fined. Besides, dozens of enterprises should be founded to produce 12 bags for daily use. The mayor thought highly of Harry’s comprehensive 13 , promising to put his good advice into the government agenda, which would be 14 next year. With mayor’s support, Harry felt more confident of 15 a harmonious environment. 1．A．smog B．garbage C．jungle D．vase 2．A．pessimistic B．nuclear C．negative D．permanent 3．A．responsibility B．investment C．guarantee D．reputation 4．A．ashamed B．scared C．starved D．tired 5．A．reliably B．nobly C．primitively D．frequently 6．A．inspecting B．joining C．rewarding D．disturbing 7．A．trend B．chaos C．basin D．comedy 8．A．examine B．conserve C．stimulate D．abuse 9．A．in response to B．on account of C．in honor of D．on behalf of 10．A．composed B．declined C．deleted D．submitted 11．A．facilitate B．skip C．break D．dominate 12．A．sustainable B．influential C．worthy D．realistic 13．A．personality B．surgery C．discipline D．report 14．A．purchased B．released C．consulted D．ranked 15．A．restoring B．expanding C．representing D．exhibiting 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．A 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：哈里对人们产生的塑料垃圾数量感到惊讶。A. smog烟雾；B. garbage垃圾；C. jungle丛林；D. vase花瓶。根据上文“about plastic pollution”可知，Harry对于人们产生的塑料垃圾的数量感到惊讶。 2．考查形容词。句意：塑料污染对生态系统有着负面影响。A. pessimistic悲观的；B. nuclear核能的；C. negative消极的；D. permanent永久的。根据下文“effect on ecology”并结合本文主旨可知，塑料污染对于生态有负面影响。 3．考查名词。句意：于是，他觉得自己有责任抓住每一个机会去劝说学生们不要使用塑料袋。A. responsibility责任；B. investment投资；C. guarantee保证；D. reputation名声。根据下文“to seize every opportunity to persuade students not to use plastic bags”可知，Harry觉得劝说学生们不用塑料袋是自己的责任。 4．考查形容词。句意：由于大多数学生都没有意识到不能使用塑料袋的重要性，所以他经常拜访所在城市的校长，发起一项关于在学校杜绝使用塑料袋的活动。A. ashamed愧疚的；B. scared害怕的；C. starved饥饿的，匮乏的；D. tired劳累的。根据下文“of the awareness of not using plastic bags”可知，大多数学生都缺乏不能使用塑料袋的意识。be starved of意思为：缺乏某种资源或经验，感到非常匮乏或不足。 5．考查副词。句意：由于大多数学生都没有意识到不能使用塑料袋的重要性，所以他经常拜访所在城市的校长，发起一项关于在学校杜绝使用塑料袋的活动。A. reliably可靠地；B. nobly高贵地；C. primitively最初地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“visited the headmasters in his city to launch a campaign about Zero Tolerance for Plastic Bags in School”可知，Harry频繁地拜访所在城市的校长，发起了一项环保运动。 6．考查动词。句意：随着这些校长们的加入，学校里不再使用塑料袋这一现象逐渐成为一种趋势。A. inspecting视察；B. joining加入；C. rewarding奖励；D. disturbing打扰。根据上文“he ________ visited the headmasters in his city”可知，校长们加入了Harry的倡议。 7．考查名词。句意：随着这些校长们的加入，学校里不再使用塑料袋这一现象逐渐成为一种趋势。A. trend趋势；B. chaos混乱；C. basin脸盆，盆地；D. comedy喜剧。根据上文“With these headmasters ________ him”可知，校长们加入了Harry的倡议，这变成了一种趋势。 8．考查动词。句意：正是由于他为保护环境所做的努力，他的事迹才得以被报道。A. examine检查；B. conserve保护；C. stimulate刺激；D. abuse滥用，虐待。根据上文“to seize every opportunity to persuade students not to use plastic bags”可知，Harry作的努力是为了保护环境。 9．考查介词短语。句意：此外，他代表全体学生，被选派去与所在城市的市长会面。在会面中，他向市长提交了一份关于如何改革环保政策以及对使用塑料袋进行限制的报告。A. in response to对……作出回应；B. on account of由于；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. on behalf of代表。根据上文“ to persuade students not to use plastic bags”可知，Harry被选为学生代表。 10．考查动词。句意：此外，他代表全体学生，被选派去与所在城市的市长会面。在会面中，他向市长提交了一份关于如何改革环保政策以及对使用塑料袋进行限制的报告。A. composed使镇静，组成；B. declined拒绝，下降；C. deleted删除；D. submitted提交。根据下文“a report about how to reform the environmental policies and set restrictions on using plastic bags”可知，Harry提交了一份关于环保的报告。 11．考查动词。句意：如果人们违反了这些限制规定，就应该被罚款。A. facilitate促进；B. skip跳过；C. break打破，违反；D. dominate支配。根据下文“they should be fined”可知，如果人们违反了限制规定，就应该被罚款。 12．考查形容词。句意：此外，还应成立数十家企业来生产用于日常使用的可持续型袋子。A. sustainable可持续的；B. influential有影响的；C. worthy值得的；D. realistic现实的。根据下文“bags for daily use”并结合全文保护环境的主旨可知，企业应生产用于日常生活的可持续使用袋。 13．考查名词。句意：市长对哈里的这份详尽的报告给予了高度评价，并承诺会将他的有益建议纳入政府议程，该议程将于明年公布。A. personality个性；B. surgery外科手术；C. discipline训练；训导；纪律；D. report报告。根据上文“he was chosen to meet the mayor (市长) of his city, to whom he ________ a report about how to reform the environmental policies and set restrictions on using plastic bags.”可知，市长对于Harry的报告高度评价。 14．考查动词。句意：市长对哈里的这份详尽的报告给予了高度评价，并承诺会将他的有益建议纳入政府议程，该议程将于明年公布。A. purchased购买；B. released释放，公布；C. consulted咨询；D. ranked排名。根据上文“put his good advice into the government agenda”可知，市长承诺将建议纳入政府议程，并在第二年公布。 15．考查动词。句意：在市长的支持下，哈里更有信心去恢复一个和谐的环境了。A. restoring恢复；B. expanding扩大，扩张；C. representing代表；D. exhibiting展示。根据文章开头“Harry was surprised at the volume of plastic ________ people produce.”可知，Harry看到环境被污染的现状，开始有所行动，目的是为了恢复和谐的环境。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题03 完形填空4大常考话题 话题1 幽默 话题2 教育 话题3 多媒体 话题4 环境保护 ① 通读篇章，理清文章主旨、段落逻辑、故事情节与情感走向； ② 语境逻辑空：关注句间逻辑关系（转折、因果、递进、让步），匹配逻辑连词，切忌孤立看单句； ③ 词义辨析空：辨析词汇词义、感情色彩以及固定搭配，结合语境择优，不要只记汉语释义； ④ 复现线索空：留意原文同义、反义、词汇复现信息，抓住上下文暗示，避免主观臆断； ⑤ 回读校验：全部填完重读完整语篇，检查语义通顺、逻辑自洽，修正前后矛盾选项。 话题1 幽默（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二上·甘肃兰州·期末）That morning was my science presentation. I had spent all night practicing it. But I felt so nervous that I 1 a cartoon video by mistake — a(n) 2 cat was dancing on the screen. The whole class went silent first. Then, someone 3 . I felt my ears burn; I was so 4 that I wanted to hide under my desk. I could hear classmates 5 to each other: “Is that her presentation?” “She must have messed up.” My mind went blank. I stared at the screen, 6 confused about what to do next. Just then, my teacher, Ms Lee, walked over. I thought she’d be 7 , but she smiled at the class. “Wow, I didn’t know we’d get a special 8 before the science talk,” she said. “Did you plan this to 9 us, Mia?” Her joke made the class laugh, and the 10 in the room disappeared. I was astonished — I had never thought humor could 11 such an awkward moment. With a deep breath, I decided to go along. “Um, yes! I wanted everyone to feel calm first,” I 12 , “Now let’s come to the real presentation.” The class cheered, and I quickly 13 the document for my presentation. After class, several classmates came over to say my talk was great. That day, I 14 humor isn’t just about jokes — it helps you gain confidence when things 15 wrong, and it can even promote kindness between people. 1．A．watched B．changed C．played D．made 2．A．amusing B．respected C．precious D．tiring 3．A．sighed B．cried C．shouted D．laughed 4．A．embarrassed B．excited C．disappointed D．upset 5．A．explaining B．whispering C．complaining D．reporting 6．A．loosely B．rarely C．completely D．mostly 7．A．angry B．happy C．proud D．patient 8．A．movie night B．story hour C．game time D．cartoon show 9．A．worry B．relax C．surprise D．challenge 10．A．danger B．joy C．tension D．noise 11．A．get through B．look into C．take over D．put off 12．A．apologized B．announced C．screamed D．reminded 13．A．saved B．examined C．copied D．opened 14．A．ignored B．forgot C．realized D．doubted 15．A．keep B．turn C．get D．go Passage 2 （26-27高二上·宁夏银川·期中）For years, Vince Rozmiarek has been the man behind the message board at Indian Hills Community Center. The father took up the job in 2013 after all his children had 1 the nest. He found himself with a lot of 2 time and had no idea how to use it, so he figured this little side job would keep him 3 . At first, he took things 4 , but when April Fool’s Day came around, he found the perfect 5 to have some fun. He used the message board to make a joke about the neighboring town, and it received a great 6 from the locals. Realizing that his humor was 7 , Vince decided to make his jokes more of a 8 thing. He looked through books to find great things to write, and each one built up his 9 in the area. Soon enough, everyone in town knew him for his jokes, and they decided to 10 his humor with the world. It was in 2015 that a resident decided to bring his jokes and puns to social media. She created a(n) 11 for the message board on Facebook, and she regularly 12 it with photos whenever Rozmiarek presented new jokes and puns. Soon enough, people from all around the world were laughing at his jokes, just like the residents of Indian Hills. He now has over 84,000 13 on social media, many of whom 14 await every new picture that gets posted. Although Vince never did any of this for 15 , he’s glad he’s able to make so many people smile with his message board posts. 1．A．built B．flown C．feathered D．provided 2．A．free B．precious C．necessary D．interesting 3．A．occupied B．satisfied C．wise D．admired 4．A．responsibly B．slowly C．personally D．seriously 5．A．right B．mission C．opportunity D．resource 6．A．donation B．response C．concept D．recommendation 7．A．lost B．returned C．appreciated D．improved 8．A．noble B．creative C．spiritual D．regular 9．A．reputation B．business C．fortune D．confidence 10．A．exchange B．share C．take D．study 11．A．email B．address C．page D．group 12．A．decorated B．surfed C．posted D．updated 13．A．customers B．followers C．volunteers D．contributors 14．A．worriedly B．curiously C．eagerly D．impatiently 15．A．popularity B．fun C．recognition D．memory Passage 3 （25-26高二上·全国·单元测试）I woke up in a good mood but there was only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion thoughts 1 through my brain. It was my first day of high school in a new state; first 2 are everything, and it was necessary to impress the people who I’d spend the next four years with. It was the fact that this was my third time being the new kid that 3 me to madness. 4 moving does something to a child’s development. I 5 to find reliable friends. But this time Dad’s company 6 my starting and finishing high school in the same place. This time mattered, which made me nervous. I appeared proudly in a patterned dress after searching my closet. I felt just as 7 as I stepped off the bus. But my jaw dropped when I found Mrs Hutfilz, my English teacher, wearing the same 8 as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat, but the first day meant 9 in front of the class, and 10 it was my turn. I made it through my one-minute introduction speech, until Hutfilz stood up, 11 adding that she liked my style. All the 12 in the morning surprisingly 13 . I cracked a smile. My smile 14 as I giggled with my peers. After class, I stayed behind, sharing with Mrs Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was relieved to make a humorous and genuine 15 with my first teacher in the coming days. 1．A．raced B．broke C．forced D．crashed 2．A．experiences B．impressions C．comments D．expectations 3．A．related B．attracted C．drove D．switched 4．A．Random B．Permanent C．Regular D．Frequent 5．A．rejected B．struggled C．challenged D．appreciated 6．A．ensured B．admitted C．reflected D．deserved 7．A．nervous B．doubtful C．emotive D．confident 8．A．fashion B．design C．dress D．uniform 9．A．introductions B．performances C．lectures D．debates 10．A．on occasion B．soon enough C．no wonder D．in fact 11．A．casually B．seriously C．honestly D．jokingly 12．A．sympathy B．thrill C．anxiety D．guilt 13．A．held up B．melted away C．passed down D．carried on 14．A．froze B．faded C．grew D．formed 15．A．connection B．adjustment C．commitment D．negotiation Passage 4 （25-26高二下·河南安阳·期末）Confucius was a great philosopher, educationalist as well as the founder of Confucianism. He was born in 551 BC in Shandong province of China. His beliefs 1 the importance of having a good moral (道德的) character and personal ethics (伦理). They have a great 2 on the majority of Chinese culture. Confucius has left many 3 sayings, which are still remembered and followed 4 . For example, his quotes, “He who learns but does not think is lost” “He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger”, are well known to all. Although Confucius is 5 for his great thoughts, did you know that he is also known for his sense of 6 ? There is evidence that he was very humorous. His 7 were very amusing and uplifting and he often used humor to make his students 8 and take interest in the teachings. One time Confucius was 9 along with his students when they came across a man who was 10 in the river. His students were hesitating but Confucius jumped into the river without 11 and saved the man in time. Then, he 12 to his students and joked, “I suppose none of you 13 that he was wearing a valuable jade ring!” This story serves as a reminder that even the most serious figures in history 14 their share of lighthearted moments. It is possible that wisdom and humor both 15 hand in hand with joy! 1．A．respond to B．focus on C．brush up D．take up 2．A．impact B．stress C．impression D．knock 3．A．flexible B．creative C．wise D．sharp 4．A．normally B．annually C．periodically D．faithfully 5．A．confident B．special C．famous D．acceptable 6．A．humor B．duty C．direction D．achievement 7．A．characters B．proposals C．conversations D．attitudes 8．A．agree B．relax C．worry D．argue 9．A．traveling B．quarrelling C．sleeping D．shooting 10．A．swimming B．surfing C．drowning D．playing 11．A．doubt B．problem C．signal D．delay 12．A．listened B．turned C．pointed D．stuck 13．A．cared B．heard C．felt D．noticed 14．A．enjoy B．bother C．involve D．allow 15．A．catch B．go C．lead D．take 第6小题，只看字面词义选mostly，忽略前文My mind went blank的语境提示，混淆副词语义，应选completely； 第11小题，只记住look into含义，忽视后文awkward moment语境，混淆动词短语词义，应选get through； 第14小题，仅凭主观感受选doubted，没有抓住下文是感悟所得这一逻辑，误判人物心理活动，应选realized。 话题2 教育（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·安徽阜阳·阶段检测）Twenty-five years ago, I was a fairly new school administrator. I was 1 by Thomas Armstrong’s book, Awakening Genius in the Classroom. In it, he writes, “Joy is the spark that can ignite (点燃) every child’s potential genius.” 2 linking genius to IQ scores or standardized test results, he offers a 3 perspective. Combining the Greek word “genesis”, meaning “birth”, with the Latin word “genial”, signifying “joyful”, Armstrong created a novel 4 of genius as “the birth of joy”. As Armstrong sees it, joy 5 Picasso’s creative expressions on canvases (画布) and Kobe’s brilliant techniques on the basketball court. While both undoubtedly spent countless hours 6 their skills, joy was the 7 force that pushed them towards excellence. And yet, joy is not only 8 for the extraordinarily accomplished. It can also exist in common 9 where a first-grader reads a book and a middle schooler solves a math puzzle. Throughout my years as a school administrator, I’ve held fast to Armstrong’s belief that genius 10 joy. However, I want to 11 something new:Joy must be sustained by purpose. For joy to remain in the face of a challenge, it must be 12 at a deep level. In my experience, joy 13 when people realize they have done something or are making contributions to the world. Armstrong asks us 14 to motivate students’ potential, and, just as 15 , to reawaken our own joy for intellectual and personal growth. 1．A．disturbed B．inspired C．shocked D．moved 2．A．With regard to B．In terms of C．Instead of D．Apart from 3．A．conventional B．predictable C．refreshing D．widespread 4．A．definition B．tendency C．standard D．example 5．A．proved B．fueled C．explained D．challenged 6．A．assessing B．exchanging C．introducing D．sharpening 7．A．cultural B．flexible C．primary D．normal 8．A．supported B．tested C．practised D．reserved 9．A．scenes B．positions C．points D．stages 10．A．differs from B．begins with C．contributes to D．competes against 11．A．learn B．translate C．add D．investigate 12．A．felt B．polished C．illustrated D．conveyed 13．A．fades B．works C．matters D．continues 14．A．parents B．writers C．pioneers D．educators 15．A．surprisingly B．importantly C．skillfully D．positively Passage 2 （25-26高二上·河南郑州·期末）After 20 years of teaching, I thought I’d heard every argument in books from students who wanted a better grade. But recently, multiple students had a new 16 : “My grade doesn’t reflect the effort I put into this course.” In the past, students understood that hard work was not 17 ; an A demanded great work. Yet today, many students expect to be rewarded for the 18 of their effort rather than the quality of their knowledge. In a recent survey, 19 , two-thirds of college students say that “trying hard” should be a factor in their grades, and a third think they should get at least a B just for showing up at (most) classes. This isn’t Gen Z’s fault. It’s the result of a 20 about one of the most popular educational theories. More than a generation ago, the psychologist Carol Dweck found praising kids for their abilities weakened their flexibility and led to a(n) 21 mindset, making them more likely to get discouraged or give up when they encountered setbacks. However, a shift from praising intelligence to praising effort could cultivate a growth mindset and 22 learning. The idea of celebrating persistence quickly made its way into widely-shared articles, 23 books and popular TED talks. The problem is that we’ve taken this practice too far. We’ve gone from 24 effort to treating it as an end in itself. We’ve failed to remind a generation of kids that working hard doesn’t guarantee doing a good job, 25 being a good person. What worries me most is that valuing perseverance above all else can motivate people to 26 bad strategies instead of developing better ones. A typical example is staying up all night rather than studying a little each day for a few days. If they don’t get an A, they often protest. Teachers and parents 27 kids a more balanced message. We award Olympic medals to the athletes who swim the fastest, not the ones who train the hardest for good reasons. What counts is not just effort but the progress and performance that follow. The ideal 28 to a disappointing grade is to ask how you could have gotten a better return on your 29 . Good grades are not granted for effort itself; they’re 30 through mastery of the material. The true measure of learning is not the time and energy you put in. It’s the knowledge and skills you take out. 16．A．complaint B．excuse C．theory D．essay 17．A．practical B．massive C．adequate D．complex 18．A．proof B．quantity C．hope D．chance 19．A．for example B．by contrast C．in addition D．above all 20．A．discussion B．report C．misunderstanding D．feeling 21．A．embarrassed B．fixed C．confused D．pleased 22．A．avoid B．maintain C．cancel D．boost 23．A．best-selling B．life-changing C．record-breaking D．eye-catching 24．A．challenging B．preventing C．applauding D．wasting 25．A．let alone B．regardless of C．as to D．in spite of 26．A．give up B．compete with C．race against D．stick to 27．A．send B．burden C．miss D．owe 28．A．feedback B．concept C．response D．reflection 29．A．responsibility B．investment C．memory D．attitude 30．A．absorbed B．signaled C．earned D．adjusted Passage 3 （25-26高二上·陕西安康·期末）We can’t force kids to learn. However, 31 the right methods can arouse students’ passion for learning. When a child is internally motivated, they are more willing to 32 new concepts, absorb knowledge faster, and remember more deeply. Jesse, an innovative educator, knows how to 33 young minds this way, driving their eagerness to explore. He skillfully integrates 34 , dances and student involvement into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective. In a popular TV series, the main character made up a(n) 35 to memorize all 206 bones in the human body. While the tale itself is fictional, the method 36 remarkably in real life. Jesse adopts a 37 approach by producing educational videos to help students where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested. In the classroom, he 38 these methods in real time and encourages the students to 39 . In today’s society, children shouldn’t be taught from 40 alone. With technology everywhere, the entire world is 41 at their fingertips. Parents and teachers must adapt to the ways that children 42 most effectively, and instructional approaches should reflect this understanding. Jesse has achieved this 43 through the power of music. His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their 44 and simple enough for them to master. Music brings joy, and enthusiastic, cheerful learners are more likely to 45 new things more efficiently and keep them in mind for longer. 31．A．using B．teaching C．finding D．ignoring 32．A．avoid B．coin C．accept D．doubt 33．A．attract B．test C．protect D．comfort 34．A．rules B．music C．exams D．silence 35．A．excuse B．joke C．song D．story 36．A．fails B．works C．changes D．disappears 37．A．similar B．traditional C．strict D．direct 38．A．records B．writes C．applies D．questions 39．A．stand by B．settle down C．drive on D．join in 40．A．textbooks B．videos C．nature D．experience 41．A．hidden B．lost C．accessible D．dangerous 42．A．play B．communicate C．behave D．learn 43．A．fluently B．perfectly C．exactly D．officially 44．A．health B．attention C．safety D．happiness 45．A．forget B．master C．imagine D．remember Passage 4 （25-26高二上·河北·阶段检测）We can’t force kids to learn. However, 46 the right methods can arouse students’ passion for learning. When a child is internally motivated, they are more willing to 47 new concepts, absorb knowledge faster, and remember more deeply. Jesse, an innovative educator, knows how to 48 young minds this way, driving their eagerness to explore. He skillfully integrates 49 , dances and student involvement (参与) into his lessons to make learning appealing and effective. In a popular TV series, the main character made up a(n) 50 to memorize all 206 bones in the human body. While the tale itself is fictional, the method 51 remarkably in real life. Jesse adopts a 52 approach by producing educational videos to help students where he combines songs and dances to keep students interested. In the classroom, he 53 these methods in real time and encourages the students to 54 . In today’s society, children shouldn’t be taught from 55 alone. With technology everywhere, the entire world is 56 at their fingertips. Parents and teachers must adapt to the ways that children 57 most effectively, and instructional approaches should reflect this understanding. Jesse has accomplished this 58 through the power of music. His songs not only inspire kids to learn but also are short enough to maintain their 59 and simple enough for them to master. Music brings joy, and enthusiastic, cheerful learners are more likely to 60 new things more efficiently and keep them in mind for longer. 46．A．decreasing B．batching C．employing D．evaluating 47．A．accept B．suspect C．blame D．output 48．A．appreciate B．evaluate C．challenge D．attract 49．A．jokes B．humor C．music D．books 50．A．story B．song C．play D．experiment 51．A．works B．exists C．ceases D．appears 52．A．traditional B．similar C．conventional D．distinct 53．A．creates B．records C．predicts D．applies 54．A．stand by B．settle down C．join in D．drive on 55．A．textbooks B．videos C．studios D．websites 56．A．mild B．particular C．passive D．accessible 57．A．socialize B．learn C．speak D．think 58．A．fluently B．exactly C．perfectly D．officially 59．A．attention B．balance C．promise D．energy 60．A．turn to B．pick up C．take away D．hand over 第18小题，只看到effort字面含义，忽略后文rather than the quality形成对比逻辑，误选proof，分不清quantity与quality反义呼应关系，应选quantity； 第24小题，仅凭个人语感选择challenging，没有把握上下文由原先肯定努力走向过度解读的语义转变，误判语境走向，应选applauding； 第60小题，只熟悉pick up“捡起”基础释义，不熟悉短语引申义“学会、习得”，受字面义干扰错选take away，应选pick up。 话题3 多媒体（共4篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·江西南昌·阶段检测）Maxwell Riseman is a senior and a motivational creator on social media. Riseupriseman was 1 two months ago when he first got the idea because of the likes he received on 2 material he posted on his personal account. “I put it online just to see how people would 3 it, just for fun,” Riseman said. “And 4 enough, there were literally 40 people who liked the 5 .” His focus, thanks to the new account, now is to spread his mission and 6 . His account is centered around “spreading positivity and 7 the building of a better community.” Riseman does this through videos: motivational interviews featuring 8 on campus. “Now that the account is 9 ,” Riseman said, “more people are willing to appear in my videos sharing uplifting stories.” As Riseman spreads positivity, he has been getting 10 feedback from family and friends as well as his followers. In a feedback   11 he put out on his account, he received 30 12 responses, which made him happy and relieved. And the majority of them 13 him to continue with what he’s been doing.         “Since there’re many events going on in our country that make people down, there’s just much 14 on American campuses right now. So, just one thing I’m sticking to doing is try to make people 15 their life a bit more, therefore a bit happier,” Riseman said. 1．A．spotted B．launched C．released D．evaluated 2．A．traditional B．promotional C．educational D．inspirational 3．A．deal with B．reflect on C．react to D．debate over 4．A．quickly B．surprisingly C．amusingly D．predictably 5．A．content B．account C．innovation D．intention 6．A．values B．wishes C．demands D．secrets 7．A．choosing B．facilitating C．planning D．explaining 8．A．clubs B．activities C．students D．visitors 9．A．starting B．recovering C．combining D．expanding 10．A．favorable B．doubtful C．proper D．simple 11．A．lecture B．analysis C．survey D．discussion 12．A．heart-warming B．eye-opening C．record-breaking D．truth-seeking 13．A．instructed B．encouraged C．allowed D．reminded 14．A．optimism B．anger C．negativity D．curiosity 15．A．know B．change C．live D．enjoy Passage 2 （25-26高二上·江苏·阶段检测）McDonald’s in the Netherlands has launched a pioneering advertising campaign. It uses something that’s even more 16 than the golden arches. Inspired by the easily recognizable smell of the chain’s French fries, the brand set up the first billboard (广告牌) where the smell becomes the 17 . The three plain red or yellow billboards didn’t even have a logo but still 18 to attract hungry customers. To passers-by, the huge billboards simply looked 19 . However, when they 20 within about 15 feet of them, they were 21 by the smell of McDonald’s fries. McDonald’s shared video shows people approaching the sign to 22 the smell. “Is it McDonald’s?” asks one of them, while a second says: “Fries?” A third then says: “I smell fries,” with a fourth adding: “It smells like a Happy Meal — McDonald’s?” and a fifth finally 23 shouts: “The French fries from McDonald’s!” Viewers were 24 with the idea, commenting: “Wish I had a McDonald’s Netherlands near me.” Using sensors and Wi-Fi connectivity, the billboards can 25 when someone is nearby and release their smell accordingly. This approach ensures that the smell is always present. Being strategically 26 within 200 yards of restaurants, these billboards cleverly give fast food fans the 27 they need to treat themselves. While this might seem like a gimmick (噱头), there is good reason for having customers follow their 28 . “When it comes to sparking (触发) clear and emotional memories, smell has been proven to be more 29 than images,” explained the chief marketing officer of McDonald’s Netherlands. “With the inclusion of this next sense in our advertising, we’ve found a new way to 30 people of good times at McDonald’s.” 16．A．memorable B．meaningful C．critical D．acceptable 17．A．product B．slogan C．practice D．advertisement 18．A．managed B．expected C．promised D．offered 19．A．flexible B．empty C．clean D．modern 20．A．left B．worked C．passed D．skipped 21．A．encouraged B．confused C．greeted D．moved 22．A．copy B．imagine C．guess D．remember 23．A．carelessly B．confidently C．secretly D．suddenly 24．A．satisfied B．disappointed C．inspired D．impressed 25．A．tell B．investigate C．chart D．report 26．A．placed B．examined C．protected D．covered 27．A．support B．push C．faith D．power 28．A．trend B．nose C．preference D．stomach 29．A．reasonable B．serious C．effective D．interesting 30．A．persuade B．warn C．beg D．remind Passage 3 （25-26高二上·河北·期末）Out of the millions of people who post videos online, few achieve fame and fortune. Zach King, however, has gained 31 and wealth by posting creative and precisely edited videos that look like 32 . Like stage magicians, King aims to 33 audiences by making impossible things appear to be 34 . King’s videos offer impressive images that 35 people of all ages. They often start with ordinary events, which quickly change to something physically 36 . In one video, a picture of a black hole becomes 37 and starts sucking in (吸入) people and objects. In another 38 , a man cuts a wood into the shape of an elephant, which comes to life. A third video 39 a cup of coffee, which transforms into a piece of cake when cut. Many of the videos contain an element of 40 that comes from the surprise of seeing 41 things happen. Born on February 4, 1990, King had an interest in 42 when he was 7. He started uploading videos he had made to the website in 2008. The one that spread 43 in 2011 brought him fame. From then on, he 44 producing videos. In 2022 he broke the world record for the most views on a single 45 . His videos have brought joy to countless people and earned him popularity. 31．A．opportunity B．capability C．popularity D．curiosity 32．A．imagination B．conflicts C．disasters D．magic 33．A．amuse B．cheat C．confuse D．honor 34．A．living B．happening C．missing D．increasing 35．A．result from B．take over C．appeal to D．care for 36．A．strong B．touched C．active D．impossible 37．A．real B．valuable C．fancy D．colorful 38．A．period B．video C．area D．picture 39．A．features B．means C．proves D．measures 40．A．truth B．mistrust C．science D．comedy 41．A．horrible B．incredible C．reliable D．unavoidable 42．A．photo-taking B．problem-solving C．film-making D．sight-seeing 43．A．consequently B．quickly C．secretly D．regularly 44．A．continued B．stopped C．attempted D．succeeded 45．A．day B．image C．basis D．roll Passage 4 （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·阶段检测）Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can and should do every single day. I’m Will Ruhio, one of the 46 of BYUTV’s Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to 47 random acts of kindness. We’ve filmed acts 48 from building disabled-friendly facilities for those who are badly 49 them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet. On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who recognizes a need and 50 an incredible chain reaction of service. 51 the story of Emmalene Meyers for example. Emmalene was 52 to be a ballet dancer, but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) 53 . Emmalene’s friend Lily 54 an opportunity. She imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan 55 . So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a 56 to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being 57 and involved in service is just like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to 58 it. After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of reducing burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade. I sometimes assume Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldn’t be further from the 59 . When I finally meet the people we’ve been working to 60 and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it hits me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show. 46．A．photographers B．actors C．hosts D．viewers 47．A．expose B．conduct C．arrange D．advocate 48．A．changing B．counting C．ranging D．transforming 49．A．in search of B．in need of C．in defense of D．in favor of 50．A．sets aside B．sets down C．sets off D．sets out 51．A．Resolve B．Take C．Create D．Explain 52．A．proud B．reluctant C．anxious D．afraid 53．A．exception B．dilemma C．competition D．challenge 54．A．provided B．seized C．missed D．spotted 55．A．successful B．acceptable C．reasonable D．available 56．A．option B．difference C．promise D．conclusion 57．A．generous B．sociable C．ambitious D．caring 58．A．put up with B．make up for C．work at D．take in 59．A．truth B．deadline C．destination D．boundary 60．A．entertain B．surprise C．locate D．please 第1小题，容易混淆launch与release；只记住release“发布（影片、消息）”，不熟悉launch表示推出账号、项目，语境是社交媒体账号上线，应选launched； 第17小题，容易误选slogan；片面理解广告牌功能，忽略本文核心创意：气味本身就是广告载体而非标语口号，应选advertisement； 第45小题，对固定搭配on a single basis不熟，只看字面basis“基础”，容易错选image；on a … basis表示“以……方式”，此处on a single basis指单条视频，应选basis； 第47小题，容易误选advocate；混淆动词词义，advocate是“主动倡导宣扬”，节目组用隐藏摄像机是捕捉、展现已经发生的善行（expose），并非自己去宣扬善举，应选expose。 话题4 环境保护（共3篇） Passage 1 （25-26高二下·山东烟台·期末）We had long dreamed of going to the Caribbean, but couldn’t afford it. 1 , a friend mentioned “pet sitting”. This could provide us the chance to 2 the destination while looking after pets whose owners are away from home. We quickly created an account, sent a request and 3 a three-month sit in the Virgin Islands. Having thoroughly toured the whole area, we secured another sit in Grenada. Later, inspired by a popular influencer couple, we 4 our own travel blog, writing about the Virgin Islands, centering around beautiful beaches. But 5 would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach. It was hard to 6 the plastic pollution issue, especially on such pure and remote beaches. The severity of the global plastic crisis 7 us. From that point, we used our 8 to raise public awareness of saying no to plastic products. We also 9 ourselves to live a plastic-free life. We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take-aways and avoiding plastic packaging. We carried reusable bags and tableware when travelling. On our daily dog 10 , we picked up rubbish and 11 those photos online. We connected with like-minded people and worked with eco-conscious brands. Eventually, the 12 led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada. Over these years, our platform has 13 people from all walks of life and seen brands shifting towards more 14 products. Looking back, we realize that even a small step — like picking up rubbish while walking a pet — can grow into a 15 change. 1．A．Awkwardly B．Accidentally C．Gratefully D．Desperately 2．A．cover B．inspect C．explore D．consider 3．A．reached B．noticed C．landed D．refused 4．A．checked B．started C．cancelled D．visited 5．A．tourists B．sand C．pets D．litter 6．A．ignore B．address C．discover D．emphasize 7．A．confused B．alarmed C．bored D．embarrassed 8．A．fame B．curiosity C．platform D．occupation 9．A．disciplined B．persuaded C．comforted D．assigned 10．A．training B．adoption C．shows D．walks 11．A．shot B．posted C．collected D．viewed 12．A．cooperation B．competition C．affection D．expectation 13．A．relaxed B．delighted C．motivated D．challenged 14．A．sustainable B．appealing C．convenient D．familiar 15．A．double-edged B．people-centered C．short-term D．far-reaching Passage 2 （25-26高二下·重庆·期末）Dogs are not allowed off-leash (不拴绳) in the Nature Reserve in Lewes, England. So dog owners were 16 when they were told their dogs could run free in the reserve, as long as the pups would wear backpacks filled with 17 . The Nature Reserve was so popular that many of its native wildflowers and grasses had 18 after decades of use. People 19 they wouldn’t see any plants coming up. The Lewes Wildlife Trust decided that using dogs would be a 20 way to help reseed the ground. As dogs 21 , the seeds would drop from the backpacks, which had small holes in them, in areas that humans couldn’t easily 22 on the 25-acre reserve. Barbara Haydon was among the dog owners who came to help with the 23 . She put backpacks 24 by the reserve on her three golden retrievers (金毛犬) and set them free to run around the area while 25 seeds. “It was a good 26 for my energetic dogs. I was glad to see them doing something 27 for the environment, just by being themselves,” Haydon said. “They 28 it greatly, and so did I.” Five months later, people are beginning to see the dogs’ efforts pay off. Small green 29 are appearing all over the forest floor. “It was brilliant to 30 our local dog walkers in the project,” said Helen Meade, CEO of the Wildlife Trust, “and we hope to keep it going for a couple of years.” 16．A．worried B．surprised C．ashamed D．disappointed 17．A．food B．water C．toys D．seeds 18．A．extended B．returned C．grown D．disappeared 19．A．admitted B．explained C．feared D．confirmed 20．A．final B．real C．simple D．traditional 21．A．turned around B．raced around C．showed up D．lined up 22．A．reach B．notice C．recognize D．count 23．A．offer B．game C．effort D．problem 24．A．produced B．supplied C．donated D．deserted 25．A．saving B．collecting C．removing D．spreading 26．A．fit B．treat C．training D．lesson 27．A．familiar B．useful C．convenient D．attractive 28．A．trusted B．missed C．enjoyed D．deserved 29．A．shoots B．roots C．fruits D．flowers 30．A．persuade B．employ C．recommend D．involve Passage 3 （25-26高二下·重庆·阶段检测）Kyle Lybarger has found unexpected internet fame by introducing his followers to the overlooked world of southeastern flora (植物群). Along the way, he has become a(n) 31 of rare and endangered plant populations across Alabama. It all started with what Lybarger now 32 as a terrible mistake. About a decade ago, he found an open, rocky area 33 to plant food for hunting wildlife. He applied herbicide (除草剂), added soil, planted seeds and cut down some trees to 34 more light. The seeds didn’t survive. But around the edges, which he hadn’t 35 , beautiful plants sprang up and he believed he should know what they were. After posting their photos online, a local botanist 36 . Through him, Lybarger realized that he had destroyed an area with a wild seed bank of 37 species, all to plant only two or fewer species that didn’t belong to the ecosystem. Feeling 38 , Lybarger decided to protect local biodiversity and 39 native plant habitats. In a state where most land is 40 owned, that has meant knocking on doors to speak with landowners who 41 in the conservation of rare plants. Lybarger offers to care for those populations at no cost, 42 his income from social media. Lybarger thinks his biggest 43 comes through education on social media, influencing people to grow the native plants that 44 declining pollinators (授粉者) which are essential for the local environment. “Even one person, one yard, one-tenth of an acre can make a 45 ,” he says. 31．A．pioneer B．protector C．collector D．observer 32．A．ranks B．selects C．regards D．appoints 33．A．available B．harmful C．impossible D．suitable 34．A．let in B．bring about C．reflect off D．block out 35．A．adjusted B．marked C．watered D．treated 36．A．fell in love B．got in touch C．came to power D．ran into trouble 37．A．common B．hybrid C．countless D．migratory 38．A．regretful B．relieved C．grateful D．exhausted 39．A．restore B．copy C．record D．occupy 40．A．jointly B．publicly C．privately D．legally 41．A．remain B．compete C．specialize D．matter 42．A．thanks to B．instead of C．according to D．regardless of 43．A．challenge B．progress C．concern D．contribution 44．A．prevent B．support C．excite D．discourage 45．A．choice B．fortune C．difference D．decision 第3小题，不熟悉land熟词生义，只知道land作名词“土地”，忽略动词义“谋得（工作、任务）”，容易错选reached； 第26小题，对固定搭配a good fit for不熟悉，把fit只理解成动词“适合”，误选treat； 第41小题，对matter动词词义“要紧，起重要作用”掌握不足，习惯于它作名词“事情”，容易错选specialize。 本文讲述了男孩Harry发现了塑料污染对于环境的危害，积极推动禁塑环保的活动，最终获得了官方支持的事迹。 【新素材・Harry 禁塑行动】】Harry was a sensitive boy. When reading an annual report about plastic pollution, Harry was surprised at the volume of plastic 1 people produce. Plastic pollution has a 2 effect on ecology. Then, he felt it was his 3 to seize every opportunity to persuade students not to use plastic bags. As most students are 4 of the awareness of not using plastic bags, he 5 visited the headmasters in his city to launch a campaign about Zero Tolerance for Plastic Bags in School. With these headmasters 6 him, it became a 7 not to use plastic bags in school. It was because of his efforts to 8 the environment that his story was broadcast. More people subscribing to his view joined him. Besides, 9 students, he was chosen to meet the mayor (市长) of his city, to whom he 10 a report about how to reform the environmental policies and set restrictions on using plastic bags. If people 11 the restrictions, they should be fined. Besides, dozens of enterprises should be founded to produce 12 bags for daily use. The mayor thought highly of Harry’s comprehensive 13 , promising to put his good advice into the government agenda, which would be 14 next year. With mayor’s support, Harry felt more confident of 15 a harmonious environment. 1．A．smog B．garbage C．jungle D．vase 2．A．pessimistic B．nuclear C．negative D．permanent 3．A．responsibility B．investment C．guarantee D．reputation 4．A．ashamed B．scared C．starved D．tired 5．A．reliably B．nobly C．primitively D．frequently 6．A．inspecting B．joining C．rewarding D．disturbing 7．A．trend B．chaos C．basin D．comedy 8．A．examine B．conserve C．stimulate D．abuse 9．A．in response to B．on account of C．in honor of D．on behalf of 10．A．composed B．declined C．deleted D．submitted 11．A．facilitate B．skip C．break D．dominate 12．A．sustainable B．influential C．worthy D．realistic 13．A．personality B．surgery C．discipline D．report 14．A．purchased B．released C．consulted D．ranked 15．A．restoring B．expanding C．representing D．exhibiting 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $