Starter Know your school 讲义 2026-2027学年外研版英语七年级上册

Starter Welcome to junior high!　Know your school 课时基本信息 课　　题 Starter Welcome to junior high! — Know your school 课　　型 语法与综合实践课（第三课时·45分钟） 年　　级 七年级上册 课　　时 第三课时 教　　材 外研版（2024）英语七年级上册 主　　题 认识学校——校园场域、there be 结构与简单句基本句型 教学重难点 【教学重点】 掌握校园词汇、there be 句型规则和简单句三种基本句型,掌握校园对话句式，能用 there be 结构连贯介绍学校 【教学难点】 区分 there be 与 have/has，正确使用 a/an/the 和简单句基本句型,运用 there be 的就近原则，写出连贯的学校介绍段落 词汇速览 teaching building n. 教学楼 dining hall n. 食堂 together /təˈɡeðə/ adv. 一起，共同，一齐，一块儿 lab /læb/ n. 实验室 start /stɑːt/ v. 开始 library n. 图书馆 （一）话题导入 · 猜谜热身 Guessing Game 三连猜：Where can we run, play football and have PE class? — Playground。／Where can't we shout loudly? — Library。／Where can we eat lunch? — Dining hall。 Look at the picture and try to answer questions. 看校园图问答：What's this place? — It's a (junior high) school. ／How many buildings can you see? — There are three buildings. ／What's in the middle? — There is a playground in the middle of the school。 Look at these people. Who are they? What are they doing? — They are teachers and students. They are introducing the school. （二）新词学习 【过渡语】带着三个场所词，进入本课新词学习。 teaching building 教学楼：Our classroom is in the third teaching building. 我们的教室在第三教学楼。dining hall 食堂：We have lunch in the dining hall at twelve o'clock. 我们十二点在食堂吃午饭。 together /təˈɡeðə/ adv. 一起，共同，一齐，一块儿。【拓展】together with 和……一起，连同——当主语后跟 together with 短语时，谓语动词应与短语前的主语在人称和数上保持一致（The lion together with three cubs rests under the big tree. 那头狮子和三只幼狮在大树下休息。） lab /læb/ n. 实验室：I work in a chemistry lab every afternoon. 我每天下午在化学实验室工作。start /stɑːt/ v. 开始：start doing/to do sth. 开始做某事；着手做某事（We start to cook / start cooking dinner at six. 我们六点开始做晚饭。／Tea drinking started in China. 饮茶起源于中国。） 【知识点】 ▶together with（连同）连接两个主语时，谓语动词与 together with 前面的主语保持一致——The lion together with three cubs rests...（谓语用第三人称单数 rests）； ▶start doing sth. ＝ start to do sth. 开始做某事，两种接法均可。 【提示框】 together with / with / as well as 连接主语时都遵循「就前一致」——谓语看前面的主语。 together 与 start 新词讲解页 （三）读中理解 · 校园四场所 Read and complete. 给校园四场所排序匹配：1 teaching building　2 library　3 playground　4 dining hall。 ① teaching building：How many floors does the teaching building have? — It has three floors. ／Where are the 30 classrooms? — They are on the first and second floors. ／What labs are on the third floor? — There are science labs and computer labs on the third floor. ② library：What's in the library? — It has got many books. There are also reading rooms. ／What can students do in the library? — They can read and study there. ③ playground：What do students do here in the morning? — They do morning exercises here. ／What can we do on the playground after school? — They can run or play football here. ④ dining hall：What can we do in this building? — We can have meals here. ／Is the dining hall big? — No, it isn't. ／How is the food in the dining hall? — The food is good. Read and complete 答案：1 teaching building　2 library　3 playground　4 dining hall 教学楼文本问答页 （四）读后判断 · 判断并改错 Read again and tick the correct sentences. Then correct the wrong ones. 再读文本判断并改错：① There are six floors in the teaching building. ② There are reading rooms in the library. ③ Students can play football in the playground. ④ The food in the dining hall is not good. ① ✘ → There are three floors in the teaching building.　② ✔　③ ✔　④ ✘ → The food in the dining hall is good. （五）语法聚焦 · there be 结构 【过渡语】课文里反复出现的 There is / There are 就是本课语法主角。 there be 结构：There is / are＋某人/某物＋某地，表示某地有某人或某物。there 起先行主语的作用，没有具体的词义；谓语动词 be 后的名词或名词短语是真正的主语，谓语动词的单复数形式需与主语保持一致（There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。／There are three boys on the playground. 操场上有三个男孩。） 基本句式：肯定句 There is/are＋主语＋其他（There is a park near my home. 我家附近有一座公园。）；否定句 There isn't/aren't＋主语＋其他（There isn't any milk in the fridge. 冰箱里没有牛奶。）；一般疑问句及其答语 —Is/Are there＋主语＋其他? —Yes, there is/are. ／No, there isn't/aren't.（—Is there a ball under the bed? —Yes, there is.／—Are there many students in the hall? —No, there aren't.） 主谓一致：be 后主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词，用单数（There is a notebook on the sofa.／There is some bread on the plate.）；为可数名词复数，用复数（There are four desks in the office.／There are lovely birds in the tree.） 就近原则：be 后面的主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，be 的单复数要和离它最近的名词保持一致（There is a ruler and two pencils in the pencil-box. 文具盒里有一把尺子和两支铅笔。／There is some milk and three eggs on the table. 桌子上有一些牛奶和三个鸡蛋。／There are two pencils and a ruler in the pencil-box. 文具盒里有两支铅笔和一把尺子。） there be 与 have/has：There is a new bike in my yard. 我院子里有一辆新自行车——侧重新自行车在院子里，但这辆自行车不一定是我的；I have a new bike. 我有一辆新自行车——侧重自行车归我所有。there be 表示「某地有某人或某物」，强调存在；have/has 表示「拥有」，强调所属关系；there be 句型不与 have/has 连用。 【知识点】 ▶真正的主语在 be 后面，谓语单复数看它：单数/不可数用 is，复数用 are； ▶多个主语并列遵循「就近原则」：There is a ruler and two pencils...（is 就近 a ruler）／There are two pencils and a ruler...（are 就近 two pencils）； ▶there be 表存在、have/has 表所属，两者不连用。 【提示框】 要点速记口诀：there be 句型有特点，主语跟在 be 后面；单数、不可数用 is，复数用 are 要记全；多个主语来并列，「就近原则」记心间；否定 be 后 not 添，疑问就把 be 提前。 there be 就近原则讲解页 （六）语法聚焦 · 简单句三种基本句型 简单句是含有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。Match the sentences with the same structure. 将句子与 SP／SV／SVO 三种结构匹配。 ①SP 主语+系动词+表语：主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、身份等，常见系动词有 be, become, get, look 等（She is a teacher. 她是一名老师。／I became a doctor. 我成为了一名医生。／She got angry. 她生气了。／You look tired. 你看起来很累。） ②SV 主语+谓语（不及物动词）：常用来表示主语的动作（Birds fly. 鸟儿飞翔。／My baby cried. 我的宝宝哭了。） ③SVO 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语：谓语动词必须是及物动词（短语），宾语可以是名词或相当于名词的成分（She loves music. 她热爱音乐。／He enjoys reading. 他喜欢阅读。） 仿写：Write at least one more sentence for each sentence structure. SP—I am happy. 我很开心。／It is a cat. 它是一只小猫。；SVO—I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。／They eat cakes. 他们吃蛋糕。；SV—He runs. 他跑步。／We sleep. 我们睡觉。 【知识点】 ▶SP 主系表：系动词 be/become/get/look 后接表语，说明主语特征、状态、身份； ▶SV 主谓：不及物动词单独作谓语；SVO 主谓宾：及物动词后必须带宾语（名词或动名词）； ▶识别技巧：先找动词——是系动词走 SP，及物动词带宾语走 SVO，不及物动词单独收尾走 SV。 【提示框】 判断句子成分别被状语迷惑：My mother works in a hospital. 中 in a hospital 是状语，仍是 SV 结构。 简单句基本句型讲解页 （七）口头输出 · 介绍新学校 【过渡语】语法在手，试着把我们的校园说成一段话。 Work in groups and read in roles. Then introduce the school by using the there be structure. 小组分角色朗读，并用 there be 结构介绍学校。 Talk about your new school. Useful Questions 三问：What buildings or places are there in your new school? ／What can you do there? ／What do you think of the buildings or places? Sample 范文：This is my new school. There are three buildings. This is the teaching building. It has four floors. There are many classrooms on the first and second floors. There are five science labs and computer labs on the third floor. And there are three music rooms on the fourth floor. This is our playground. We can run or play football here. I love my new school! 校园介绍范文页 （八）随堂检测 一、1—3 B C A；二、1. Are there any apples on the plate? —Yes, there are.／No, there aren't.　2. There　aren't　any　3. There are many different kinds of animals on the farm.　4. There are some trees in front of the sports field.；三、1. are there / There are　2. have / has　3. There is　4. have / there are　5. has / There are 一、单项选择 1. Grandpa's hair is white.（请选出划线部分在句中所作成分） 　　A. 定语　　B. 表语　　C. 状语　　D. 主语 2. 下列句子是「主语+谓语+宾语」结构的是________。 　　A. He felt happy.　　B. There is a little time left.　　C. I read his books.　　D. My mother works in a hospital. 3. Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of "S + V + P"? 　　A. The Internet is helpful.　　B. I sent him an email.　　C. He works very hard.　　D. There is a computer here. 二、完成句子 1. There are some apples on the plate.（改为一般疑问句并给出回答） 2. There are some snacks on the plate.（改成否定句）________ ________ ________ snacks on the plate. 3. on the farm, there, many different kinds of, are, animals（连词成句） 4. there, the, trees, sports field, some, are, in front of（连词成句） 三、选词填空：用 have、has 或 there be 的正确形式填空。 1. —How many days ______________ in April? —______________ thirty days. 2. —How many legs does the chair ____________? —It ________________ only two. 3. —What's in the shopping mall? —______________ a supermarket and different kinds of shops. 4. Look! The clocks ____________ round faces and ________________ three hands on each of the faces. 5. Can you see the tall building in the center of the city? It ____________ 38 floors. ______________ many companies (公司) and shops in it. 语言点归纳 课堂总结 本课围绕「认识学校」展开：猜谜导入三大场所（Playground／Library／Dining hall）；看校园图问答（It's a junior high school.／There are three buildings.／There is a playground in the middle of the school.）；新词 teaching building 教学楼（Our classroom is in the third teaching building.）、dining hall 食堂（We have lunch in the dining hall at twelve o'clock.）、together 一起（together with 和……一起，连同——谓语与短语前的主语保持一致：The lion together with three cubs rests under the big tree.）、lab 实验室（I work in a chemistry lab every afternoon.）、start 开始（start doing/to do sth.；Tea drinking started in China.）；阅读校园四场所文本并问答——teaching building 三层、30 间教室在第一二层、第三层是 science labs and computer labs；library 藏书多、有阅览室、可读书学习；playground 做早操、放学后可跑步踢球；dining hall 吃饭、不大、饭菜好；判断改错（six floors→three floors；The food is not good→good）。语法两条：①there be 结构——表示「某地有某人或某物」，there 作先行主语无词义，be 后名词是真正主语；肯定/否定/一般疑问句式；主谓一致（单数或不可数用 is，复数用 are）；就近原则（There is a ruler and two pencils...／There are two pencils and a ruler...）；不与 have/has 连用（存在 vs 所属）；要点速记口诀。②简单句三种基本句型——SP 主语+系动词+表语（She is a teacher.／I became a doctor.／She got angry.／You look tired.）；SV 主语+谓语（Birds fly.／My baby cried.）；SVO 主语+谓语+宾语（She loves music.／He enjoys reading.）；仿写与介绍新学校三问、范文输出。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $