考前押题05 阅读理解4大常考话题20篇（期中专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材人教版

考前押题05 阅读理解4大常考话题 话题1 假日活动 话题2 家庭生活 话题3 人际交往 话题4 动植物与自然 ① 通读题干，圈画关键词，明确题目设问方向； ② 回读原文，定位答题区间，查找与题干匹配信息； ③ 比对选项，区分原文细节、干扰项，忠于文本内容； ④ 主旨题梳理首尾段，推断题立足文本，不主观臆断； ⑤ 做完复盘，核对答案，确保选项符合文章逻辑。 话题1 假日活动（共5篇） Passage 1 Let’s Explore The Nature! Are you interested in animals and nature? Want to enjoy your summer holiday and learn something interesting and useful? Here comes your chance! Youth Explorer has prepared you with a THREE-DAY SUMMER PROGRAM! You can take part in many hands-on activities and meet with live animals—giraffes, pandas, tigers, and so on! More information about the program is as follows: Age:Students aged 8-16 Groups: There are 2 programs for you to choose from. Each program needs at most 15 students. Program A Dates: July 12-14, 2026 Days: Monday to Wednesday Time: 10:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. Program B Dates: August 10-12, 2026 Days: Tuesday to Thursday Time: 10:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. Program cost: 230 for members; 250 for non-members. How to do: Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form on or before 9th July, 2026(Friday). Notes: 1 NO FREE LUNCHES ARE PROVIDED because of personal food differences. You may either bring a lunch box or pay for lunch at our restaurants. 2 Both programs will start 1 DAY later if there is a warning of rainstorms. 1．Two members and one non-member should pay ________ for the program. A．＄690 B．＄710 C．＄730 D．＄750 2．Free lunches aren’t provided because ________. A．there are many restaurants B．the lunches cost too much C．people have different tastes D．they may bring lunch boxes 3．What can we know from the passage? A．You need to hand in an application for the program. B．We can only see three kinds of animals in the program. C．More than 15 students are in each program. D．Youth Explorer is the name of the restaurant. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Youth Explorer组织的三日暑期自然探索项目，包含参与年龄、项目时间、费用标准、报名方式及注意事项。 1．根据“Program cost: 230 for members; 250 for non-members.”可知，会员费用为230美元，非会员费用为250美元，两名会员和一名非会员的总费用为230×2+250=710美元。 2．根据Notes中“NO FREE LUNCHES ARE PROVIDED because of personal food differences.”可知，不提供免费午餐是因为个人饮食差异，即人们口味不同。 3．根据“How to do: Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form...”可知，参加该项目需要获取并提交申请表。 Passage 2 A relaxing travel style called “Citywalk” is becoming popular in China. It’s about travelling around a city on foot. Such walks usually keep away from famous places and shopping centres. Nancy and her husband Dave are in Shanghai now. They come from the USA．Nancy works in a school and Dave works in a hospital. They know about Citywalk on the Internet. Then they find a welcome Citywalk route in Shanghai. They not only enjoy the beautiful streets, but also visit some small shops. They love this trip a lot. Citywalk not only gives young people a way to learn about a city, but also gives them some places to relax. People who like the same things can easily make friends there. Some places, such as Beijing and cities in Shandong, make Citywalk part of their plans to help with their cultural tourism (文化旅游). Shanghai uses Citywalk ways as bus ways to help people get to more places. Many people say Citywalk is a good way to have a talk with the city they live in. Zhang Zhi, a man in Beijing, helps people with travel and says people now like personal travel services better. He thinks Citywalk makes travellers better find the trips they want according to their interests and needs. 1．What does the underlined word “route” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．承诺 B．梦想 C．路线 D．工作 2．Which paragraph talks about the advantages (优势) of a Citywalk? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 3．Which question does Paragraph 4 answer? A．Why do some people love Citywalk? B．Why is Citywalk welcomed in some cities? C．How do some cities develop (发展) Citywalk? D．How does Citywalk help people make friends? 4．Match the people with their possible (可能) working places. ①Nancy        ②Dave        ③Zhang Zhi a. In a hospital.        b. In a school.        c. In a travel company (公司). A．①—a, ②—c, ③—b B．①—b, ②—c, ③—a C．①—a, ②—b, ③—c D．①—b, ②—a, ③—c 5．How does Zhang Zhi feel about the future of Citywalk? A．He is hopeful about it. B．He isn’t sure about it. C．He doesn’t care about it. D．He feels worried about it. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Citywalk这种城市漫步的旅行方式，讲述了它的特点、优势，国内部分城市对它的推广以及人们对这种旅行方式的看法。 1．原文第二段“Then they find a welcome Citywalk route in Shanghai.”，结合Citywalk城市漫步的语境，route在这里指行走的路线。 2．原文第三段“Citywalk not only gives young people a way to learn about a city, but also gives them some places to relax. People who like the same things can easily make friends there.”，本段介绍了Citywalk的好处与优势。 3．原文第四段“Some places, such as Beijing and cities in Shandong, make Citywalk part of their plans to help with their cultural tourism. Shanghai uses Citywalk ways as bus ways to help people get to more places.”，本段介绍不同城市如何发展Citywalk。 4．根据第二段“Nancy works in a school and Dave works in a hospital.”以及第五段“Zhang Zhi, a man in Beijing, helps people with travel...”可推知Nancy在学校，Dave在医院，Zhang Zhi在旅游公司，对应关系为①-b, ②-a, ③-c。 5．原文第五段“He thinks Citywalk makes travellers better find the trips they want according to their interests and needs.”，这句话说明张志认为Citywalk能让游客找到符合自身需求的旅行，能看出他对Citywalk的未来抱有希望。 Passage 3 Have you ever heard of the Silk Road? Do you know what an important part it plays in the whole world? Have you visited any famous places along the road? My dad is very interested in the Silk Road and he tells me many things about it. Last summer, my family went to some places on the road. We started from Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. Wuwei was a very important city on the Silk Road. It connected (连接) three important cities in the area. In ancient times, it was also a capital (首府). Although it’s now a modern city, you can get a feeling of history when you visit it. The next stop was Jiayuguan. It’s on the edge of the desert (沙漠边缘), and was also an important place on the Silk Road. It was a busy city with a lot of people coming and going. Even today, it’s a city that many traders (商人) travel through. An important part of the Great Wall was also built here. After that, we went on to Yumenguan. I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem (诗) by Wang Zhihuan. It was in the Gobi Desert and was the only connection between Central Asia and China. I wonder how people ever made it through the hot desert so long ago. This trip helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places affected each other in many ways. 1．Why was Jiayuguan an important place on the Silk Road? A．Because it was the only city in the desert. B．Because it was the capital of ancient China. C．Because it was a busy trading centre and an important part of the Great Wall. 2．What did the writer get from this trip? A．The ability to write poems about the places along the Silk Road. B．A good time to meet many famous traders on the Silk Road. C．A better understanding of the area’s history and culture. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The writer’s mum tells him many things about the road. B．The writer’s family visited five famous cities along the Silk Road. C．The writer first learned about Yumenguan from a poem by Wang Zhihuan. 4．What’s the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了作者一家去年夏天沿丝绸之路旅行，先后到访武威、嘉峪关、玉门关等地的经历，以及这次旅行让作者对当地历史文化产生了更深的理解。 1．根据文章第3段“It was a busy city with a lot of people coming and going. Even today, it’s a city that many traders (商人) travel through. An important part of the Great Wall was also built here.”可知，嘉峪关是繁忙的贸易中心，且长城的重要部分修建于此，因此是丝绸之路上的重要地点。 2．根据文章第5段“This trip helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places affected each other in many ways.”可知，这次旅行让作者对该地区的历史和文化有了更好的理解。 3．根据文章第4段“I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem (诗) by Wang Zhihuan.”可知，作者最初是通过王之涣的著名诗作了解到玉门关的。 4．文章第1段总起，引出丝绸之路的背景与全家沿丝绸之路旅行的事件；第2、3、4段分别介绍旅行途经的武威、嘉峪关、玉门关三个地点；第5段总结旅行的收获，整体为“总-分-总”结构，对应选项A的结构图示。 Passage 4 ①What do you usually do on a vacation? Do you know glamping (豪华露营)? It is a new way of camping. Traditional camping often lets people sleep in simple tents, but glamping offers comfortable beds and chairs, bathrooms, kitchens and other things to people. ②27-year-old Yoga Song is a glamping lover. In April 2021, Song took her first glamping trip in Zhongwei, Ningxia. Zhongwei has many scenic areas (景区), such as the Yellow River, parts of the Great Wall and old villages. There are also many good hotels in the city. But when Song got there, she decided to try something different—glamping. ③Song’s special glamping tent was just 10 metres away from the Yellow River. Cows and sheep came by her tent from time to time. At night, Song could see the sky filled with stars. It was quiet and beautiful. And inside the tent, Song could sleep well. She was so happy. ④After the trip to Zhongwei, Song decided to take more glamping trips in China. “Some of my friends can just go camping in the mountains with only a backpack,” Song said. “That is too hard for me. I want to get close to nature, but I can’t give up the comfortable life.” ⑤For many young people, glamping is just the right activity for vacations. They can enjoy the fresh air and comfortable living conditions (条件). Maybe that’s why glamping is so popular among young people. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “offers” mean? A．Cares. B．Sells. C．Buys. D．Gives. 3．What can we know about Song’s first glamping trip? A．Her first glamping trip was in May, 2025. B．She enjoyed the quiet place and slept well. C．She stayed in a tent and fed cows and sheep. D．Her glamping tent was far away from the Yellow River. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Beautiful Nature B．A Modern Way for Vacations C．The Trip to Zhongwei D．Comfortable Living Conditions 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了新型度假方式——豪华露营（glamping），通过Yoga Song的第一次豪华露营经历，展现了豪华露营兼具亲近自然与居住舒适的特点，说明了其受年轻人欢迎的原因。 1．根据文章第①段“What do you usually do on a vacation? Do you know glamping?”可推知，作者以两个问题开篇，引出本文的核心话题豪华露营。 2．根据文章第①段“Traditional camping often lets people sleep in simple tents, but glamping offers comfortable beds and chairs, bathrooms, kitchens and other things to people.”可推知，传统露营条件简陋，而豪华露营会给人们提供舒适的各类设施，因此划线词offers意为“提供”，与gives含义相近。 3．根据文章第③段“It was quiet and beautiful. And inside the tent, Song could sleep well.”可推知，Song很享受这次安静的露营环境，并且在帐篷里睡得很好。 4．文章围绕“豪华露营”这一新型度假方式展开，介绍了它的特点、相关体验以及受年轻人喜爱的原因，“A Modern Way for Vacations”能够概括全文核心内容，适合作为标题。 5．文章第①段总起，介绍豪华露营的定义与基本特点；第②③④段引出Yoga Song的第一次豪华露营旅行，并分别从旅行中的体验、旅行后的感受与决定两个方面，具体介绍这次豪华露营的相关内容；第⑤段总结全文，点明豪华露营受年轻人欢迎的原因。整体为“总-分-总”的结构，与选项D的结构图一致。 Passage 5 David is a student from the UK. He spent his summer holiday in Lincang with his parents. He stayed there for two weeks. David’s favourite place was the Bangdong Cloud Sea in Linxiang District. “I got up at four in the morning and climbed the mountain with my father. When the sun came up, the clouds below us turned golden. It was the most beautiful thing I have ever seen,” David said. David also visited a tea garden in Mengku. He learned how to pick tea leaves and how to make Pu’er tea. “The tea farmer told me that Pu’er tea has a history of more than a thousand years. I was surprised,” he said. David bought some tea for his friends in the UK. David said the food in Lincang was delicious. His favourite was rice noodles. “I had rice noodles for breakfast every day. They were so good,” he said. David says Lincang is a nice city. He wants to come back again. “Next time, I want to visit the Wa villages in Cangyuan and learn more about the Wa culture,” he said. 1．How long did David stay in Lincang? A．For one week. B．For two weeks. C．For ten days. D．For three weeks. 2．When did David climb the mountain to see the Cloud Sea? A．At four in the morning. B．At six in the morning. C．At eight in the morning. D．At noon. 3．What did David learn in the tea garden? A．How to cook chicken with rice. B．How to play the wooden drum. C．How to pick tea leaves and make Pu’er tea. D．How to dance the Wa dance. 4．What can we know about David from the passage? A．He didn’t like the food in Lincang. B．He wants to visit Lincang again. C．He bought some tea for his teachers. D．He stayed in Lincang for only three days. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述英国学生David和父母在临沧度过两周暑假：他们观赏邦东云海，在勐库茶园了解普洱茶，喜爱上了当地的米线，还打算重游临沧，探访沧源佤族村寨。 1．文章第 1 段表明停留时间：“He stayed there for two weeks.”， David在临沧停留的时间是两周。 2．文章第 2 段“I got up at four in the morning and climbed the mountain with my father”表明，David 是在凌晨四点爬山。 3．文章第 3 段表明了David的收获：“He learned how to pick tea leaves and how to make Pu’er tea”，David学习了采茶和制作普洱茶。 4．文章第 5 段表明David的愿望：“He wants to come back again”， David想再次来临沧。 话题2 家庭生活（共5篇） Passage 1 Children need to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. BusyKid is an app that makes doing chores for children easier. Parents set the chores and the money. After children finish the chores, they should click the button (点击按钮) “I did it”. Then on Friday, children can get the money for doing the chores. Burton is a student and he likes the app. “I can get money, and then I can make plans for three uses: save, share, and spend,” he said. “It teaches me how to make money and use it in the real world.” Nancy uses the app with her children. She said, “I just tell them that’s how your parents raise (抚养) you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).” Margie Zitko couldn’t agree more. “Children should have chores at home,” she said. “We shouldn’t do everything for our children. We have to help them learn about real life. Home is where children learn.” Zitko advised children to start doing chores at a young age. The earlier children learn to be independent (独立的), the better it is for their future. 1．Children should ________ after they finish their chores on the BusyKid app. A．set the chores by themselves B．click the button “I did it” C．get the chore money right now D．make a plan on the app 2．Why does Nancy ask her children to do chores? A．To finish the chores quickly. B．To stop them from watching TV. C．To teach them responsibility. D．To teach them how to make money. 3．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．How to Make Money by Doing Chores B．BusyKid: A Helpful App for Children’s Chores C．Why Parents Should Do Chores for Their Children D．Different Ways to Teach Children to Be Independent 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款帮助孩子做家务的应用程序BusyKid，以及家长和孩子对该应用的使用感受和看法，强调做家务有助于培养孩子的责任感和独立性。 1．文章第一段指出“After children finish the chores, they should click the button ‘I did it’.”，说明孩子完成家务后应点击“我做到了”按钮。 2．文章第三段Nancy指出“we want to teach you responsibility”，说明她让孩子做家务是为了教他们责任感。 3．文章介绍了一款名为BusyKid的应用，帮助孩子做家务并学习管理金钱，同时强调了做家务对培养孩子责任感的重要性。由此推断，最佳标题是“BusyKid：一款帮助孩子做家务的实用应用”。 Passage 2 Do teenagers in small villages do chores at home? How about the teenagers in big cities? Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China about this question. Half of them come from big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The others are from small villages. We made a diagram (图表) of the result of our survey. Let’s have a look at it. We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life. Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves. Housework 2000 teenagers in small villages 2000 teenagers in big cities take out the rubbish 1600 1000 sweep the floor 1200 850 make the bed 1400 750 do the dishes 1100 600 fold the clothes 900 1500 1．How many teenagers did they survey from small villages? A．1,000. B．2,000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 2．Why do the teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities? A．Maybe because the teenagers from villages live a harder life. B．Maybe because the teenagers from villages like doing chores. C．Maybe because the parents of the teenagers from big cities don’t need them to do it. D．Maybe because the parents of the teenagers from villages always ask their kids to do it. 3．Which kind of housework do most teenagers in small villages do? A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor. C．Doing the dishes. D．Taking out the rubbish. 4．How many teenagers in big cities sweep the floor? A．600. B．750. C．850. D．1,000. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项关于中国青少年做家务情况的调查，通过对比城乡青少年做家务的数据，发现农村青少年做得更多，分析了原因并建议城市家长让孩子做家务。 1．根据文章中“We asked 4,000 teenagers in China about this question. Half of them come from big cities... The others are from small villages.”及表格表头“2000 teenagers in small villages”可知，来自小村庄的青少年数量为2000名。 2．根据文章中“We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life.”可知，原因是他们过着更艰难的生活。 3．根据表格中“2000 teenagers in small villages”列的数据，“take out the rubbish”对应的人数为1600，是数值最大的项目，可知大多数小村庄青少年做的家务是倒垃圾。 4．根据表格中“2000 teenagers in big cities”列与“sweep the floor”行交叉处的数据“850”可知，大城市扫地的青少年人数为850人。 Passage 3 Just like any other teenager, Tom goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys doing sports every day. But in his free time from Monday to Friday, Tom does something different. He cooks dinner for his family: Mum, Dad, younger brother Joe and elder sister Emma. “I think it’s important for teenagers to learn how to cook. Maths and English are important to them, of course, but they need other skills to help them in today’s world. First, I taught Tom how to cook easy meals. Then he started using recipes (食谱) in books,” Tom’s mother said. “I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it. ▲ I don’t know why. It isn’t difficult and it’s great fun!” Tom said. “I think it is important for us children to learn how to do housework and help our parents with housework. It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.” In the past, Tom didn’t help out at home and his mum wasn’t very happy with that. Today, things are different. 1．What don’t most teenagers do in their free time? A．Do their homework. B．Meet their friends. C．Enjoy doing sports. D．Cook for family. 2．Who taught Tom to cook at first? A．His brother. B．His father. C．His mother. D．His sister. 3．What can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．My parents love my cooking. B．But my friends don’t like to cook. C．Cooking is an important skill. D．Children should learn to cook. 4．What can we know from the text? A．Tom thinks he is good at cooking. B．Tom thinks maths and English are important. C．Tom doesn’t get good grades at school. D．Tom’s mother doesn’t care if Tom does housework at home. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了青少年Tom在空闲时间为家人做饭的故事，探讨了青少年学习烹饪等生活技能的重要性。 1．根据文章第1段“Just like any other teenager, Tom goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys doing sports every day. But... Tom does something different. He cooks dinner for his family”可推知大多数青少年空闲时间不做饭。 2．根据文章第2段“First, I taught Tom how to cook easy meals... Tom’s mother said.”可推知最初是Tom的母亲教他做饭。 3．根据文章第3段“I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it... I don’t know why.”可推知此处表示转折，说明朋友不喜欢做饭，符合语境。 4．根据文章第3段“I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it.”可推知Tom认为自己擅长烹饪。选项B是Tom妈妈的观点，不是Tom的想法；选项C、D与原文信息不符。 Passage 4 Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. They want to spend their time on things they like, such as playing with their classmates, watching movies and playing basketball. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that doing housework is not as boring as you think. ◆Learn to do small things You can start with small things. For example, you can wash the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed first. Part of growing up is being able to take care of yourself. Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible (有责任感的). ◆Divide (分担) housework among family members In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework. It’s good to divide up housework into different parts. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. ◆Make it fun Cooking is part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction. Especially when others taste the delicious food you cooked and express their appreciation (欣赏), you will feel very happy. 1．What kind of small things can you learn to do at home according to the text? ① wash the dishes ②sweep the floor ③ water the flowers ④ make the bed A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．Why should the students learn to do small housework according to the passage? A．To get more pocket money. B．To show they are responsible. C．To make parents happy. D．To have more free time. 3．What will happen if we divide housework among family members? A．Everyone’s job gets easier. B．One person will be very tired. C．No one will do the housework. D．Doing housework will be more boring. 4．How can cooking be very fun according to the passage? A．By eating while cooking. B．By watching TV while cooking. C．By putting your heart into it. D．By cooking only simple food. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Where to learn to do housework. B．Why students don’t like housework. C．When to do housework with family. D．How to make housework fun for students. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文针对学生觉得家务无聊的问题，提出了三条建议：从小事做起、与家人分担家务、让家务变得有趣，旨在说明如何通过具体方法让家务变得不那么无聊。 1．根据文章“Learn to do small things”部分“For example, you can wash the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed first.”可知，文中提到的小事包括洗碗、扫地和整理床铺，未提及浇花，对应选项①②④。 2．根据文章“Learn to do small things”部分“Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible.”可知，做小事能显示责任感，这是学生应该学习做小事的原因。 3．根据文章“Divide housework among family members”部分“Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier.”可知，分担家务会让每个人的工作变得更轻松。 4．根据文章“Make it fun”部分“Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it.”可推知只要用心去做，烹饪就会变得非常有趣。 5．根据文章第一段“However, if you try the following ways, you will find that doing housework is not as boring as you think.”及全文列举的三条建议可推知文章主要讲述如何让学生觉得家务有趣。 Passage 5 On Sundays, my father always wore that gray apron (围裙) after breakfast. For the next hour, Dad did the dishes, singing songs like I Had a Hat When I Came in. I thought it was strange for a man to wear an apron. It was the last Sunday in August. My father seemed happy as we walked home from the supermarket together. “Tommy,” he said, “there comes a time in every boy’s life when he must take on responsibilities (责任). From today, I want you to wash the dishes on Sunday morning, so your mother and I can read the newspaper.” “Wash the dishes?” “Anything wrong with doing the dishes, son?” I started to say something about a man’s job or a woman’s work, but I knew quickly that my protests (抗议) would be of no use. I didn’t taste a bit of breakfast that morning. Dad didn’t notice me at all. Suddenly, everything became quiet. My sister began to clean the table. And then my father said to my mother, “Let’s go and read the newspapers.” So this was what my life had come to. I could learn Latin well, play baseball well... I could do anything, but I could never do those dishes. My father came back into the kitchen later, and in his right hand was the old apron. “I want you to have this, Tommy. It’ll keep your clothes from getting wet.” Before I could say a word, he had put it on me. “Thanks, son.” I looked down at the apron. I could see my dad going out of the kitchen. Soon I was singing I Had a Hat When I Came in. And I knew the kind of man I wanted to be. 1．What did Tommy’s father usually do on Sunday mornings? A．Read the newspaper. B．Wash the dishes and sing. C．Go to the supermarket. D．Play baseball. 2．Why was Tommy unwilling (不愿意) to wash the dishes at first? A．Because he thought it was a women’s job. B．Because he was not good at it. C．Because he had to go out to play basketball. D．Because he wanted to read the newspaper. 3．Why did Tommy’s father come back to the kitchen? A．To teach Tommy how to wash the dishes. B．To talk with Tommy about his feelings. C．To give Tommy the apron to wear. D．To check (检查) Tommy’s work. 4．What is probably the result of the story? A．Tommy did nothing. B．Tommy still thought doing dishes was not his job. C．Tommy wasn’t happy but finished doing the dishes. D．He did the dishes like his father. 5．What did Tommy understand in the end? A．Washing dishes was very difficult. B．He wanted to be a man like his father. C．He should never do a woman’s job. D．His father was trying to punish him. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Tommy起初认为洗碗是“女人的工作”，但在父亲的引导下穿上围裙、承担起周日洗碗的责任，最终理解了父亲以身作则的榜样意义，并决心成为像父亲那样的人。 1．由第一段“On Sundays, my father always wore that gray apron...For the next hour, Dad did the dishes, singing songs...”可知，Tommy的父亲在周日早上通常洗碗并唱歌。 2．由第六段“I started to say something about a man’s job or a woman’s work”可知，他认为洗碗是女人的工作。 3．由第九段“I want you to have this, Tommy. It’ll keep your clothes from getting wet.”及“he had put it on me”可知，他是回来给Tommy穿围裙的。 4．由最后一段“Soon I was singing I Had a Hat When I Came in.”可知，Tommy最终接受了洗碗，并且像父亲一样唱着歌，说明他像父亲那样做了。 5．由末句“And I knew the kind of man I wanted to be.”可知，他想成为像父亲那样的人。 话题3 人际交往（共5篇） Passage 1 ① Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends” “guest friends” and “best friends”. ② The first kind of friend is acquaintances (熟人), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. ③ The second kind of friend could also be called “guest friends”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family members. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. ④ The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. ⑤ We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．If you have pest friends, you may only know their ________. A．names B．hobbies C．qualities D．homes 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Good friends. B．Best friends. C．Guest friends. D．Pest friends. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find “best friends” B．warn us not to know more about “pest friends” C．tell us to value all friendships D．encourage us to make more friends 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“pest friends”、“guest friends”和“best friends”三种不同类型朋友的特点，最后点明我们应当珍惜所有友谊，所有挚友都始于熟人。 1．第②段提到“The first kind of friend is acquaintances, and all you usually know about them is their names.”，pest friends属于熟人这类朋友，你通常仅知道他们的名字。 2．第③段提到“The second kind of friend could also be called ‘guest friends’. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends... and they don’t open up to you how they really feel.”，本段围绕guest friends展开介绍，划线词they指代的是guest friends。 3．第①段总起，提出朋友分为三种类型；第②③④段分别介绍三类朋友的具体特点；第⑤段总结全文，点明要珍惜所有友谊的观点。文章为“总—分—总”结构，对应选项B的结构图。 4．第⑤段提到“We should value all friendships and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”，作者写本文的主要目的是告诉我们要珍惜所有的友谊。 Passage 2 Tina is very quiet. She doesn’t talk much and doesn’t like to meet strangers (陌生人). But her brother wants her to be outgoing. He often thinks of ways to help her. In the morning, Tina’s brother says to Tina, “Tina, can you help me give this card to Mrs. Read?” “Mrs. Read? But I don’t know her and I don’t know where she is,” Tina says. “Here is the address (地址),” says the brother. Tina says “OK” and leaves with the card. When she gets to Mrs. Read’s home, she stands in front of the door for about ten minutes and then knocks at the door. “Nice to meet you. Are you Mrs. Read?” Tina says. “Yes. Are you Tina?” Mrs. Read says. Tina is surprised but says yes. Then a girl runs out. She is Mrs. Read’s daughter. The two girls become friends in a short time. “It’s a nice day,” Tina thinks. 1．What does the underlined word “outgoing” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．外向的 B．安静的 C．害羞的 D．勤奋的 2．How long does Tina stand in front of Mrs. Read’s door before knocking? A．About 5 minutes. B．About 10 minutes. C．About 15 minutes. D．About 20 minutes. 3．Tina is surprised because ________. A．she sees a boy B．she meets a new friend C．Mrs. Read is tall D．Mrs. Read knows her 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕性格安静的Tina展开，讲述哥哥为了让她变得外向，让她给Mrs. Read送卡片，Tina因此结识新朋友并度过愉快一天的故事。 1．根据文章第1段“Tina is very quiet. She doesn’t talk much and doesn’t like to meet strangers (陌生人). But her brother wants her to be outgoing.”可推知前后形成对比，quiet意为“安静的”，but表示转折，故outgoing意为“外向的”。 2．根据文章第4段“she stands in front of the door for about ten minutes and then knocks at the door.”可推知她在敲门之前在门口站了大约十分钟。 3．根据文章第5段“‘Yes. Are you Tina?’ Mrs. Read says. Tina is surprised but says yes.”可推知Mrs. Read知道她的名字，这让她感到惊讶。 Passage 3 I have a good friend named Jack. We are in the same class. We both like sports and music, but we are different in many other ways. Jack is taller and stronger than me. He is better at basketball. He can jump higher and run faster. He often plays basketball after school and he is on the school basketball team. I like football. I think it’s more interesting than basketball. I play football with my friends on weekends. In music, I’m more talented than Jack. I can sing better and play the guitar better. Jack likes listening to music, but he can’t sing well. He often asks me to teach him to sing. We also have different personalities. Jack is more outgoing than me. He likes to talk to people and make new friends. I’m a little quieter, but I’m more hard-working. I always spend more time on my studies. We help each other with our studies. Jack helps me with my math, and I help him with his English. Our differences make our friendship special. We learn from each other and have a lot of fun together. 1．What sport is Jack better at? A．Football. B．Basketball. C．Volleyball. D．Tennis. 2．Who is more talented in music? A．Jack. B．The writer. C．Jack’s brother. D．The writer’s sister. 3．What’s the writer like? A．He is more outgoing. B．He is quieter and more hard-working. C．He is taller and stronger. D．He is more talented in sports. 4．What subject does the writer help Jack with? A．Math. B．Chinese. C．English. D．History. 5．Why is their friendship special? A．Because they both like sports. B．Because they are in the same class. C．Because they have different personalities. D．Because their differences make them learn from each other. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和好朋友Jack之间的异同，以及他们如何互相帮助、取长补短，并说明正是这些差异让他们的友谊变得特别。 1．第二段提到：“He is better at basketball.” 这说明Jack更擅长篮球。 2．第三段提到：“In music, I’m more talented than Jack.” 这里的“I”指作者，因此作者在音乐方面更有天赋。 3．第四段提到：“I’m a little quieter, but I’m more hard-working.” 这说明作者更安静，也更勤奋。 4．第四段提到：“Jack helps me with my math, and I help him with his English.” 这说明作者帮助Jack学习英语。 5．最后一段提到：“Our differences make our friendship special. We learn from each other...” 这说明他们的友谊特别，是因为他们的差异让他们互相学习。 Passage 4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends; “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (熟人), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories; you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. 3．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．pest friends are more important than guest friends B．a best friend never does anything bad to you on purpose C．a pest friend will never become your best friend 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends B．warn us not to know more about pest friends C．tell us to value all friendships 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三种不同类型的朋友及其特点，并在文末呼吁人们珍惜所有的友谊。 1．根据文章第1段“Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends?”可知，作者通过提出两个问题来开启文章。 2．根据文章第2段“The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (熟人)...That is why they are called ‘pest friends’.”可知，熟人属于pest friends。 3．根据文章第4段“They will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose to hurt you.”可知，最好的朋友永远不会故意做伤害你的事。 4．通读全文可知，第1段引入话题，第2、3、4段分别介绍三种朋友，第5段总结全文，结构为总分总，即①/②③④/⑤。 5．根据文章第5段“We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”可知，作者写作目的是告诉我们要珍惜所有的友谊。 Passage 5 What would you do if your best friend and you have different ideas? At first, I didn’t know what to do when I found that my best friend Karina disagreed with me on some things. When we first met in a summer camp, we got along so well. But then something happened at a picnic. “Did you hear about the shopping center news?” asked one of our friends Leo. “They want to cut down lots of trees to make room for a shopping center.” “That’s terrible! We have to stop that.” I said. “I disagree,” said Karina. “The shopping center would offer new jobs to people in need.” “But animals would lose their homes!” I said. “I want people to have jobs, but it doesn’t mean cutting down trees.” I wished Karina could agree with me about saving the trees, but she had her reasons for believing what she said. I was so angry that I didn’t talk to her for days. Later, my mother knew it and said to me, “No two people are the same. You should respect (尊重) each other. And no matter what happens, the difference doesn’t mean losing a good friend.” After listening to my mom’s words, I said sorry to Karina and we are still good friends now. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing some ways. 2．Karina thinks the shopping center could ________. A．Offer new jobs to people B．Save birds and other animals C．Give much money to some people D．Have places for children to have fun 3．How did the writer feel when Karina disagreed with her? A．Bored. B．Sorry. C．Happy. D．Angry. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．We can ask our friends for help. B．Friends should be the same. C．Friends should respect each other. D．Good friends tell each other everything 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与好朋友Karina因是否支持建造购物中心而产生分歧，作者生气不理对方，后来在妈妈的开导下学会了尊重彼此的差异，最终与朋友和好如初。 1．第一段提到“What would you do if your best friend and you have different ideas?”如果你的好朋友和你想法不同，你会怎么做？可推知，文章以一个问句开始，引出话题。 2．第五段提到“The shopping center would offer new jobs to people in need.”这个购物中心将为有需要的人提供新的工作机会。可推知，Karina认为购物中心可以为需要的人提供新工作。 3．第七段提到“I was so angry that I didn’t talk to her for days.”我气得好几天没跟她说话。可推知，当Karina不同意作者观点时，作者感到生气。 4．根据第八段妈妈说的话“You should respect each other.”以及最后作者道歉和好的结局，可推知文章主要说明朋友之间应相互尊重。 话题4 动植物与自然（共5篇） Passage 1 It was a Saturday morning. Mia went to a park with her friends Lily and Nina. After they got there, they found a great place to have fun. They sat on the ground and took out some nuts (坚果), eggs and fruit. When they began to eat the food, Mia saw something in the trees—three little animals with big eyes. They looked so scary. The girls were very afraid. They got up and left the park quickly. When Mia got home, she told her mom about that and drew a picture for her. Her mom said that the animals were squirrels (松鼠). Mia wanted to know more about them, so she went on the Internet. Mia found some interesting things about squirrels. They like to eat nuts, fruit, small birds and eggs. Their big eyes help them see more things. They have four front teeth and they never stop growing. These teeth make it easy for them to eat food. Their great nose helps them find food. When they jump, their big tail (尾巴) helps them balance (保持平衡). Mia was very happy. She learned a lot about squirrels and she couldn’t wait to tell those interesting things about them to Lily and Nina. 1．What do we know about the animals in the trees? A．They are little. B．They are birds. C．They look very cute. D．They have small eyes. 2．What did Mia do to learn more about squirrels? A．She called her friends. B．She read some books. C．She talked to her mother. D．She went on the Internet. 3．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What food squirrels eat. B．How squirrels find food. C．What Mia learned about squirrels. D．Why Mia wanted to learn about squirrels. 4．What might Mia do next? A．Tell her friends about squirrels. B．Go to her friends for help. C．Keep a squirrel as a pet. D．Find food for squirrels. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了Mia和朋友在公园遇到松鼠，回家后通过上网查询了解松鼠习性，并打算分享知识的故事。 1．根据第一段“three little animals with big eyes”可知，这些动物是小的，且长着大眼睛。 2．根据第二段“Mia wanted to know more about them, so she went on the Internet.”可知，Mia通过上网查询来了解更多关于松鼠的信息。 3．根据第三段“Mia found some interesting things about squirrels.”可知，本段主要介绍了Mia了解到的关于松鼠的各种知识。 4．根据第四段“she couldn’t wait to tell those interesting things about them to Lily and Nina.”可知，Mia迫不及待想告诉朋友，说明她接下来会这样做。 Passage 2 Feel down? Hug a tree! Recently, many young people have turned to trees to help with their stress (压力). Although it sounds strange, there’s science behind the act of tree-hugging. The “biophilia hypothesis (亲生命假说)” tells us the reason. It was from the US scientist Edward Wilson in 1984. He said that humans are born to love being around other living things. Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA．This idea helps to explain why people prefer green, natural places to city views. It’s also one of the reasons why people love cute pets. Some studies have been done to find out why tree-hugging can help with our health. A study in 2021 reported that the activity can increase the level of oxytocin (催产素). It has something to do with our feelings. The higher the level of oxytocin is, the calmer and happier you may be. Hugging trees for only 21 seconds can lead to an increase in the level of oxytocin in our bodies. What’s more, when a person is angry, sad or very nervous, more cortisol (皮质醇) comes out. Hugging trees helps cut cortisol production, which makes us feel better. Although the activity is helpful to us, it’s important to keep in mind that we shouldn’t hurt nature while doing it. Many small animals live in the trees, and they are too small to be seen. So remember to hug trees softly and gently—just like how you hug a friend! 1．What does the sentence “Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA．” mean? A．DNA is important to humans. B．Humans are born to like nature. C．Humans prefer cities to nature. D．Humans love studying DNA． 2．How may we feel after hugging trees for 21 seconds? A．Sad. B．Nervous. C．Calm. D．Angry. 3．Which may show the relationship between negative (负面的) feelings and the level of cortisol? (x= negative feelings, y = the level of cortisol) A．B． C． D． 4．Which paragraph tells us how to hug a tree? A．The second paragraph. B．The fourth paragraph. C．The fifth paragraph. D．The last paragraph. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Tree-hugging: Love for Nature. B．Tree-hugging: Treatment (治疗) of Stress. C．Tree-hugging: Useful or Useless? D．Tree-hugging: Strange or Common? 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了拥抱树木对缓解压力有帮助，并解释了其背后的科学原理，包括“亲生命假说”、催产素和皮质醇等，同时提醒人们在拥抱树木时不要伤害自然。 1．第三段指出：“‘biophilia hypothesis (亲生命假说)’ tells us the reason. It was from the US scientist Edward Wilson in 1984. He said that humans are born to love being around other living things. Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA.” 这说明“Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA.”的意思是“人类天生就喜欢自然”，与B项“Humans are born to like nature.”一致。 2．第四段提到：“Hugging trees for only 21 seconds can lead to an increase in the level of oxytocin in our bodies.” 并且指出：“The higher the level of oxytocin is, the calmer and happier you may be.” 因此拥抱树木21秒后，人可能会感到平静。 3．第五段指出：“when a person is angry, sad or very nervous, more cortisol (皮质醇) comes out.” 这说明负面情绪越多，皮质醇水平越高，两者呈正相关。选项A的图示表示x越大，y越大，符合这一关系。 4．最后一段提到：“So remember to hug trees softly and gently—just like how you hug a friend!” 这是关于如何拥抱树木的建议，因此最后一段告诉我们如何拥抱树木。 5．文章主要介绍了拥抱树木可以帮助缓解压力，并解释了其科学依据，因此最佳标题是“Tree-hugging: Treatment of Stress”。 Passage 3 ①Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better? Would you like to taste a special plant? Would you like to keep a plant with little care? An Aloe Vera (芦荟) plant could be just for you to choose! ②Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh. Studies show that they take away harmful (有害的) things from the air. Maybe you can stay away from colds and sore throats. And even if you get sick, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better faster. ③Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine. Aloe Vera gel (胶体) helps to deal with the pain (痛) of burns. And it also helps with the itchiness (痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, just cut off a part of the plant, and put the gel on the affected skin (患处). ④Aloe Vera plants are also popular in the food industry (工业). If you are interested in Aloe juice, you’ll easily find it in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table. ⑤________ They like dry, warm air, so they grow best near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to keep water in their leaves. So, they do not need watering so often as most houseplants (室内植物). When watering, make sure the earth is wet enough so that it can last for a long time. That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe Vera plant. 1．How does the writer lead into (引入) the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 2．What are the uses of Aloe Vera gel as medicine in Paragraph 3? a. It’s good for eyes.   b. It stops nosebleeds.   c. It helps with the itchiness. d. It helps people lose weight.   e. It deals with the pain of burns. A．c, e B．a, b C．b, d D．a, d 3．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “________” in Paragraph 5? A．Aloe Vera plants help you improve health. B．Aloe Vera plants can serve as a delicious dish. C．Aloe Vera plants are very easy to take care of. D．Aloe Vera plants are good-looking houseplants. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Aloe Vera plants need to be watered every day. B．Aloe Vera plants help us keep away from illnesses. C．Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine, food and clothes. D．Aloe Vera plants take away the air to make the home clean and fresh. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕芦荟展开介绍，说明了芦荟净化空气、药用、食用的价值，以及易于养护的特点，指出芦荟是值得选择的植物。 1．根据文章第一段“Would you like to…? Would you like to…? Would you like to…?”可推知，作者通过连续提出问题的方式引入芦荟这一主题。 2．根据文章第三段第一句和第二句“Aloe Vera gel helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with the itchiness caused by insect bites.”可推知，芦荟凝胶的药用用途包括缓解烧伤疼痛、减轻虫咬引发的瘙痒，对应c和e。 3．根据文章第五段空格后“They like dry, warm air, so they grow best near a window…So, they do not need watering so often as most houseplants.”可推知，本段围绕芦荟的养护展开，说明芦荟养护难度低，因此段首应填入“芦荟很容易照顾”作为主题句。 4．根据文章第二段第三句“Maybe you can stay away from colds and sore throats.”可推知，芦荟能够帮助人们远离疾病。 5．根据文章内容，第一段以提问方式引出芦荟，总述芦荟是值得选择的植物；第二到五段分别从净化空气、药用价值、食用价值、养护方法四个并列角度介绍芦荟的特点，全文为“总-分”结构，对应选项C的结构图示。 Passage 4 Can you do addition and subtraction (加减法)? Most people can. But do you know bees can do these things too? A study shows that bees have even greater maths abilities. After some training, they can know the difference between even numbers (ending in 2, 4, 6, 8 and 0) and odd numbers (ending in 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9). Some Australian scientists put up different cards with an odd or even number of triangles (三角形). They used the numbers 1 to 10. Then they trained the first group of bees to choose odd numbers and the second group to choose even numbers. If a bee flew to the right card, it would get sugar water. If it chose the wrong card, it got bitter (苦的) water. In a short time, all the bees knew what odd numbers or even numbers were. They could fly to the right numbers 80% of the time. After that, the scientists added new cards with the numbers 11 and 12. The bees never saw the numbers before, but they could choose rightly 70% of the time. How did the bees learn the numbers so fast? Scientists didn’t have a clear idea. But they think if they find the answer, it will help them build better and faster computers. 1．How does the passage start? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 2．Which cards should the second group of bees fly to? A．①④ B．②③ C．①② D．③④ 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Bees have a great ability to learn numbers. B．Bees like odd numbers better than even numbers. C．Scientists know how bees use numbers. D．Scientists know why bees can tell different numbers. 4．Where can we read this passage in a newspaper? A．ANIMAL WORLD B．SPORTS LIFE C．FESTIVAL WEEK D．BEAUTIFUL CITIES 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家对蜜蜂数学能力的研究，发现蜜蜂经过训练后能够区分奇数和偶数，甚至能识别从未见过的数字，并探讨了这一发现对未来计算机研发的潜在帮助。 1．第一段开头提出问题：“Can you do addition and subtraction?”，通过提问的方式引出文章关于蜜蜂数学能力的话题。 2．第二段指出实验分组情况：“Then they trained the first group of bees to choose odd numbers and the second group to choose even numbers”，说明第二组蜜蜂被训练去选择偶数（even numbers）。观察选项图片，①有3个三角形（奇数），②有2个三角形（偶数），③有8个三角形（偶数），④有7个三角形（奇数）。因此第二组应该飞向代表偶数的卡片②和③。 3．第三段描述了实验结果：“In a short time, all the bees knew what odd numbers or even numbers were... they could choose rightly 70% of the time”，这表明蜜蜂在短时间内学会了区分数字，具有很强的学习数字的能力。 4．通读全文，文章主要围绕蜜蜂（bees）的智力和学习能力展开，属于动物科学范畴，因此最可能出现在报纸的“动物世界”（ANIMAL WORLD）版块。 Passage 5 It was a normal day in the Caribbean. A research team was watching a group of sperm whales (抹香鲸). The whales came around a mother whale. Suddenly, the team noticed blood in the water. “At first, I thought that something bad was about to happen,” said researcher Shane Gero. But then, a small tail (尾巴) came out of a whale. He realized it was giving birth. “This is the first time we’ve found proof (证据) of helping with birth in non-primate (非灵长类的) animals,” Gero explained. The researchers used drones (无人机) to record the whole event. The birth took 34 minutes until the baby whale was born. Right after, the whale group crowded around the baby whale. They touched the baby with their heads and lifted it onto their backs. This behavior is necessary because baby whales have less body fat and can’t use their tails yet, so they can’t stay above the water on their own and need help from other whales. Interestingly, almost all the whales in the group were female (雌性的) because young males (雄性) leave their families when they’re teenagers. In sperm whale groups, strong females take the lead and they teach the younger females what they know. The team also recorded that the whales made longer sounds during the birth, which then became shorter after the baby was born. This raises new questions for scientists: Are sounds and communication necessary for successful births in whales? 1．What happened right after the baby whale was born? A．Other sperm whales came to help. B．The mother whale faced great danger. C．The baby’s head came out first. D．Blood in the water attracted enemies. 2．Why did the other whales lift the newborn whale onto their backs? A．To play with the baby. B．To teach the baby to swim fast. C．To help the baby stay above the water D．To give the baby some body fat 3．What do scientists want to know about sperm whales giving birth? A．How long whales make sounds. B．How whales produce sounds. C．How long it takes them to give birth. D．What role their sounds play. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Protect Sperm Whales B．Whales Work Together C．Blood in the Caribbean Sea D．A Baby Whale’s First Swim 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员通过无人机记录了抹香鲸群协助幼鲸出生的全过程，介绍了鲸群互助的行为特征及科学家对鲸鱼声音交流作用的新探讨。 1．根据文章第三段“Right after, the whale group crowded around the baby whale. They touched the baby with their heads and lifted it onto their backs.”可知，幼鲸出生后，其他鲸鱼立刻围拢过来并提供帮助，与选项 A 描述一致。 2．根据文章第三段“This behavior is necessary because baby whales have less body fat and can't use their tails yet, so they can’t stay above the water on their own and need help from other whales.”可知，其他鲸鱼将幼鲸托起是为了帮助无法独自浮出水面的幼鲸待在水面之上。 3．根据文章第五段“This raises new questions for scientists: Are sounds and communication necessary for successful births in whales?”可知，科学家想要探究声音和交流对于鲸鱼成功生产是否必要，即声音在其中扮演什么角色。 4．通读全文，尤其是第二段“This is the first time we've found proof of helping with birth in non-primate animals”及第三段描述的鲸群互助行为，文章核心围绕抹香鲸在生产过程中互相协助展开，体现了鲸鱼之间的合作。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题05 阅读理解4大常考话题 话题1 假日活动 话题2 家庭生活 话题3 人际交往 话题4 动植物与自然 ① 通读题干，圈画关键词，明确题目设问方向； ② 回读原文，定位答题区间，查找与题干匹配信息； ③ 比对选项，区分原文细节、干扰项，忠于文本内容； ④ 主旨题梳理首尾段，推断题立足文本，不主观臆断； ⑤ 做完复盘，核对答案，确保选项符合文章逻辑。 话题1 假日活动（共5篇） Passage 1 Let’s Explore The Nature! Are you interested in animals and nature? Want to enjoy your summer holiday and learn something interesting and useful? Here comes your chance! Youth Explorer has prepared you with a THREE-DAY SUMMER PROGRAM! You can take part in many hands-on activities and meet with live animals—giraffes, pandas, tigers, and so on! More information about the program is as follows: Age:Students aged 8-16 Groups: There are 2 programs for you to choose from. Each program needs at most 15 students. Program A Dates: July 12-14, 2026 Days: Monday to Wednesday Time: 10:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. Program B Dates: August 10-12, 2026 Days: Tuesday to Thursday Time: 10:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. Program cost: 230 for members; 250 for non-members. How to do: Simply come to our center to get an application form (申请表). Send your completed form on or before 9th July, 2026(Friday). Notes: 1 NO FREE LUNCHES ARE PROVIDED because of personal food differences. You may either bring a lunch box or pay for lunch at our restaurants. 2 Both programs will start 1 DAY later if there is a warning of rainstorms. 1．Two members and one non-member should pay ________ for the program. A．＄690 B．＄710 C．＄730 D．＄750 2．Free lunches aren’t provided because ________. A．there are many restaurants B．the lunches cost too much C．people have different tastes D．they may bring lunch boxes 3．What can we know from the passage? A．You need to hand in an application for the program. B．We can only see three kinds of animals in the program. C．More than 15 students are in each program. D．Youth Explorer is the name of the restaurant. Passage 2 A relaxing travel style called “Citywalk” is becoming popular in China. It’s about travelling around a city on foot. Such walks usually keep away from famous places and shopping centres. Nancy and her husband Dave are in Shanghai now. They come from the USA．Nancy works in a school and Dave works in a hospital. They know about Citywalk on the Internet. Then they find a welcome Citywalk route in Shanghai. They not only enjoy the beautiful streets, but also visit some small shops. They love this trip a lot. Citywalk not only gives young people a way to learn about a city, but also gives them some places to relax. People who like the same things can easily make friends there. Some places, such as Beijing and cities in Shandong, make Citywalk part of their plans to help with their cultural tourism (文化旅游). Shanghai uses Citywalk ways as bus ways to help people get to more places. Many people say Citywalk is a good way to have a talk with the city they live in. Zhang Zhi, a man in Beijing, helps people with travel and says people now like personal travel services better. He thinks Citywalk makes travellers better find the trips they want according to their interests and needs. 1．What does the underlined word “route” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．承诺 B．梦想 C．路线 D．工作 2．Which paragraph talks about the advantages (优势) of a Citywalk? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 3．Which question does Paragraph 4 answer? A．Why do some people love Citywalk? B．Why is Citywalk welcomed in some cities? C．How do some cities develop (发展) Citywalk? D．How does Citywalk help people make friends? 4．Match the people with their possible (可能) working places. ①Nancy        ②Dave        ③Zhang Zhi a. In a hospital.        b. In a school.        c. In a travel company (公司). A．①—a, ②—c, ③—b B．①—b, ②—c, ③—a C．①—a, ②—b, ③—c D．①—b, ②—a, ③—c 5．How does Zhang Zhi feel about the future of Citywalk? A．He is hopeful about it. B．He isn’t sure about it. C．He doesn’t care about it. D．He feels worried about it. Passage 3 Have you ever heard of the Silk Road? Do you know what an important part it plays in the whole world? Have you visited any famous places along the road? My dad is very interested in the Silk Road and he tells me many things about it. Last summer, my family went to some places on the road. We started from Lanzhou and went on to Wuwei. Wuwei was a very important city on the Silk Road. It connected (连接) three important cities in the area. In ancient times, it was also a capital (首府). Although it’s now a modern city, you can get a feeling of history when you visit it. The next stop was Jiayuguan. It’s on the edge of the desert (沙漠边缘), and was also an important place on the Silk Road. It was a busy city with a lot of people coming and going. Even today, it’s a city that many traders (商人) travel through. An important part of the Great Wall was also built here. After that, we went on to Yumenguan. I first found out about Yumenguan in the famous poem (诗) by Wang Zhihuan. It was in the Gobi Desert and was the only connection between Central Asia and China. I wonder how people ever made it through the hot desert so long ago. This trip helped me understand the history of the area and see how people from different places affected each other in many ways. 1．Why was Jiayuguan an important place on the Silk Road? A．Because it was the only city in the desert. B．Because it was the capital of ancient China. C．Because it was a busy trading centre and an important part of the Great Wall. 2．What did the writer get from this trip? A．The ability to write poems about the places along the Silk Road. B．A good time to meet many famous traders on the Silk Road. C．A better understanding of the area’s history and culture. 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The writer’s mum tells him many things about the road. B．The writer’s family visited five famous cities along the Silk Road. C．The writer first learned about Yumenguan from a poem by Wang Zhihuan. 4．What’s the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． Passage 4 ①What do you usually do on a vacation? Do you know glamping (豪华露营)? It is a new way of camping. Traditional camping often lets people sleep in simple tents, but glamping offers comfortable beds and chairs, bathrooms, kitchens and other things to people. ②27-year-old Yoga Song is a glamping lover. In April 2021, Song took her first glamping trip in Zhongwei, Ningxia. Zhongwei has many scenic areas (景区), such as the Yellow River, parts of the Great Wall and old villages. There are also many good hotels in the city. But when Song got there, she decided to try something different—glamping. ③Song’s special glamping tent was just 10 metres away from the Yellow River. Cows and sheep came by her tent from time to time. At night, Song could see the sky filled with stars. It was quiet and beautiful. And inside the tent, Song could sleep well. She was so happy. ④After the trip to Zhongwei, Song decided to take more glamping trips in China. “Some of my friends can just go camping in the mountains with only a backpack,” Song said. “That is too hard for me. I want to get close to nature, but I can’t give up the comfortable life.” ⑤For many young people, glamping is just the right activity for vacations. They can enjoy the fresh air and comfortable living conditions (条件). Maybe that’s why glamping is so popular among young people. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “offers” mean? A．Cares. B．Sells. C．Buys. D．Gives. 3．What can we know about Song’s first glamping trip? A．Her first glamping trip was in May, 2025. B．She enjoyed the quiet place and slept well. C．She stayed in a tent and fed cows and sheep. D．Her glamping tent was far away from the Yellow River. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Beautiful Nature B．A Modern Way for Vacations C．The Trip to Zhongwei D．Comfortable Living Conditions 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 5 David is a student from the UK. He spent his summer holiday in Lincang with his parents. He stayed there for two weeks. David’s favourite place was the Bangdong Cloud Sea in Linxiang District. “I got up at four in the morning and climbed the mountain with my father. When the sun came up, the clouds below us turned golden. It was the most beautiful thing I have ever seen,” David said. David also visited a tea garden in Mengku. He learned how to pick tea leaves and how to make Pu’er tea. “The tea farmer told me that Pu’er tea has a history of more than a thousand years. I was surprised,” he said. David bought some tea for his friends in the UK. David said the food in Lincang was delicious. His favourite was rice noodles. “I had rice noodles for breakfast every day. They were so good,” he said. David says Lincang is a nice city. He wants to come back again. “Next time, I want to visit the Wa villages in Cangyuan and learn more about the Wa culture,” he said. 1．How long did David stay in Lincang? A．For one week. B．For two weeks. C．For ten days. D．For three weeks. 2．When did David climb the mountain to see the Cloud Sea? A．At four in the morning. B．At six in the morning. C．At eight in the morning. D．At noon. 3．What did David learn in the tea garden? A．How to cook chicken with rice. B．How to play the wooden drum. C．How to pick tea leaves and make Pu’er tea. D．How to dance the Wa dance. 4．What can we know about David from the passage? A．He didn’t like the food in Lincang. B．He wants to visit Lincang again. C．He bought some tea for his teachers. D．He stayed in Lincang for only three days. 话题2 家庭生活（共5篇） Passage 1 Children need to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. BusyKid is an app that makes doing chores for children easier. Parents set the chores and the money. After children finish the chores, they should click the button (点击按钮) “I did it”. Then on Friday, children can get the money for doing the chores. Burton is a student and he likes the app. “I can get money, and then I can make plans for three uses: save, share, and spend,” he said. “It teaches me how to make money and use it in the real world.” Nancy uses the app with her children. She said, “I just tell them that’s how your parents raise (抚养) you and we want to teach you responsibility (责任).” Margie Zitko couldn’t agree more. “Children should have chores at home,” she said. “We shouldn’t do everything for our children. We have to help them learn about real life. Home is where children learn.” Zitko advised children to start doing chores at a young age. The earlier children learn to be independent (独立的), the better it is for their future. 1．Children should ________ after they finish their chores on the BusyKid app. A．set the chores by themselves B．click the button “I did it” C．get the chore money right now D．make a plan on the app 2．Why does Nancy ask her children to do chores? A．To finish the chores quickly. B．To stop them from watching TV. C．To teach them responsibility. D．To teach them how to make money. 3．What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A．How to Make Money by Doing Chores B．BusyKid: A Helpful App for Children’s Chores C．Why Parents Should Do Chores for Their Children D．Different Ways to Teach Children to Be Independent Passage 2 Do teenagers in small villages do chores at home? How about the teenagers in big cities? Here is a survey. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China about this question. Half of them come from big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The others are from small villages. We made a diagram (图表) of the result of our survey. Let’s have a look at it. We found out that teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities. Maybe it is because they live a harder life. Our advice to parents in big cities is that parents should give their children some chores to do. Doing chores teaches teenagers to take care of themselves. Housework 2000 teenagers in small villages 2000 teenagers in big cities take out the rubbish 1600 1000 sweep the floor 1200 850 make the bed 1400 750 do the dishes 1100 600 fold the clothes 900 1500 1．How many teenagers did they survey from small villages? A．1,000. B．2,000. C．3,000. D．4,000. 2．Why do the teenagers from small villages do more chores than those from big cities? A．Maybe because the teenagers from villages live a harder life. B．Maybe because the teenagers from villages like doing chores. C．Maybe because the parents of the teenagers from big cities don’t need them to do it. D．Maybe because the parents of the teenagers from villages always ask their kids to do it. 3．Which kind of housework do most teenagers in small villages do? A．Making the bed. B．Sweeping the floor. C．Doing the dishes. D．Taking out the rubbish. 4．How many teenagers in big cities sweep the floor? A．600. B．750. C．850. D．1,000. Passage 3 Just like any other teenager, Tom goes to school, does his homework, meets his friends and enjoys doing sports every day. But in his free time from Monday to Friday, Tom does something different. He cooks dinner for his family: Mum, Dad, younger brother Joe and elder sister Emma. “I think it’s important for teenagers to learn how to cook. Maths and English are important to them, of course, but they need other skills to help them in today’s world. First, I taught Tom how to cook easy meals. Then he started using recipes (食谱) in books,” Tom’s mother said. “I love cooking and I think I’m really good at it. ▲ I don’t know why. It isn’t difficult and it’s great fun!” Tom said. “I think it is important for us children to learn how to do housework and help our parents with housework. It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.” In the past, Tom didn’t help out at home and his mum wasn’t very happy with that. Today, things are different. 1．What don’t most teenagers do in their free time? A．Do their homework. B．Meet their friends. C．Enjoy doing sports. D．Cook for family. 2．Who taught Tom to cook at first? A．His brother. B．His father. C．His mother. D．His sister. 3．What can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．My parents love my cooking. B．But my friends don’t like to cook. C．Cooking is an important skill. D．Children should learn to cook. 4．What can we know from the text? A．Tom thinks he is good at cooking. B．Tom thinks maths and English are important. C．Tom doesn’t get good grades at school. D．Tom’s mother doesn’t care if Tom does housework at home. Passage 4 Most students do not enjoy doing housework. Some of them think that cleaning the bathroom or cooking dinner for the family is boring. They want to spend their time on things they like, such as playing with their classmates, watching movies and playing basketball. However, if you try the following ways, you will find that doing housework is not as boring as you think. ◆Learn to do small things You can start with small things. For example, you can wash the dishes, sweep the floor or make the bed first. Part of growing up is being able to take care of yourself. Doing some small things around the house shows that you are becoming responsible (有责任感的). ◆Divide (分担) housework among family members In fact, it’s too tiring for one person to do all the housework. It’s good to divide up housework into different parts. Dividing housework among all the family members will make everyone’s job much easier. ◆Make it fun Cooking is part of housework. Cooking can be very fun if you put your heart into it. If you learn how to cook your favourite food, you will also get a feeling of satisfaction. Especially when others taste the delicious food you cooked and express their appreciation (欣赏), you will feel very happy. 1．What kind of small things can you learn to do at home according to the text? ① wash the dishes ②sweep the floor ③ water the flowers ④ make the bed A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．Why should the students learn to do small housework according to the passage? A．To get more pocket money. B．To show they are responsible. C．To make parents happy. D．To have more free time. 3．What will happen if we divide housework among family members? A．Everyone’s job gets easier. B．One person will be very tired. C．No one will do the housework. D．Doing housework will be more boring. 4．How can cooking be very fun according to the passage? A．By eating while cooking. B．By watching TV while cooking. C．By putting your heart into it. D．By cooking only simple food. 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Where to learn to do housework. B．Why students don’t like housework. C．When to do housework with family. D．How to make housework fun for students. Passage 5 On Sundays, my father always wore that gray apron (围裙) after breakfast. For the next hour, Dad did the dishes, singing songs like I Had a Hat When I Came in. I thought it was strange for a man to wear an apron. It was the last Sunday in August. My father seemed happy as we walked home from the supermarket together. “Tommy,” he said, “there comes a time in every boy’s life when he must take on responsibilities (责任). From today, I want you to wash the dishes on Sunday morning, so your mother and I can read the newspaper.” “Wash the dishes?” “Anything wrong with doing the dishes, son?” I started to say something about a man’s job or a woman’s work, but I knew quickly that my protests (抗议) would be of no use. I didn’t taste a bit of breakfast that morning. Dad didn’t notice me at all. Suddenly, everything became quiet. My sister began to clean the table. And then my father said to my mother, “Let’s go and read the newspapers.” So this was what my life had come to. I could learn Latin well, play baseball well... I could do anything, but I could never do those dishes. My father came back into the kitchen later, and in his right hand was the old apron. “I want you to have this, Tommy. It’ll keep your clothes from getting wet.” Before I could say a word, he had put it on me. “Thanks, son.” I looked down at the apron. I could see my dad going out of the kitchen. Soon I was singing I Had a Hat When I Came in. And I knew the kind of man I wanted to be. 1．What did Tommy’s father usually do on Sunday mornings? A．Read the newspaper. B．Wash the dishes and sing. C．Go to the supermarket. D．Play baseball. 2．Why was Tommy unwilling (不愿意) to wash the dishes at first? A．Because he thought it was a women’s job. B．Because he was not good at it. C．Because he had to go out to play basketball. D．Because he wanted to read the newspaper. 3．Why did Tommy’s father come back to the kitchen? A．To teach Tommy how to wash the dishes. B．To talk with Tommy about his feelings. C．To give Tommy the apron to wear. D．To check (检查) Tommy’s work. 4．What is probably the result of the story? A．Tommy did nothing. B．Tommy still thought doing dishes was not his job. C．Tommy wasn’t happy but finished doing the dishes. D．He did the dishes like his father. 5．What did Tommy understand in the end? A．Washing dishes was very difficult. B．He wanted to be a man like his father. C．He should never do a woman’s job. D．His father was trying to punish him. 话题3 人际交往（共5篇） Passage 1 ① Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends” “guest friends” and “best friends”. ② The first kind of friend is acquaintances (熟人), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. ③ The second kind of friend could also be called “guest friends”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family members. You usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. ④ The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. ⑤ We all have our pest, guest, and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember that all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．If you have pest friends, you may only know their ________. A．names B．hobbies C．qualities D．homes 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Good friends. B．Best friends. C．Guest friends. D．Pest friends. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find “best friends” B．warn us not to know more about “pest friends” C．tell us to value all friendships D．encourage us to make more friends Passage 2 Tina is very quiet. She doesn’t talk much and doesn’t like to meet strangers (陌生人). But her brother wants her to be outgoing. He often thinks of ways to help her. In the morning, Tina’s brother says to Tina, “Tina, can you help me give this card to Mrs. Read?” “Mrs. Read? But I don’t know her and I don’t know where she is,” Tina says. “Here is the address (地址),” says the brother. Tina says “OK” and leaves with the card. When she gets to Mrs. Read’s home, she stands in front of the door for about ten minutes and then knocks at the door. “Nice to meet you. Are you Mrs. Read?” Tina says. “Yes. Are you Tina?” Mrs. Read says. Tina is surprised but says yes. Then a girl runs out. She is Mrs. Read’s daughter. The two girls become friends in a short time. “It’s a nice day,” Tina thinks. 1．What does the underlined word “outgoing” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．外向的 B．安静的 C．害羞的 D．勤奋的 2．How long does Tina stand in front of Mrs. Read’s door before knocking? A．About 5 minutes. B．About 10 minutes. C．About 15 minutes. D．About 20 minutes. 3．Tina is surprised because ________. A．she sees a boy B．she meets a new friend C．Mrs. Read is tall D．Mrs. Read knows her Passage 3 I have a good friend named Jack. We are in the same class. We both like sports and music, but we are different in many other ways. Jack is taller and stronger than me. He is better at basketball. He can jump higher and run faster. He often plays basketball after school and he is on the school basketball team. I like football. I think it’s more interesting than basketball. I play football with my friends on weekends. In music, I’m more talented than Jack. I can sing better and play the guitar better. Jack likes listening to music, but he can’t sing well. He often asks me to teach him to sing. We also have different personalities. Jack is more outgoing than me. He likes to talk to people and make new friends. I’m a little quieter, but I’m more hard-working. I always spend more time on my studies. We help each other with our studies. Jack helps me with my math, and I help him with his English. Our differences make our friendship special. We learn from each other and have a lot of fun together. 1．What sport is Jack better at? A．Football. B．Basketball. C．Volleyball. D．Tennis. 2．Who is more talented in music? A．Jack. B．The writer. C．Jack’s brother. D．The writer’s sister. 3．What’s the writer like? A．He is more outgoing. B．He is quieter and more hard-working. C．He is taller and stronger. D．He is more talented in sports. 4．What subject does the writer help Jack with? A．Math. B．Chinese. C．English. D．History. 5．Why is their friendship special? A．Because they both like sports. B．Because they are in the same class. C．Because they have different personalities. D．Because their differences make them learn from each other. Passage 4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends; “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (熟人), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t tell them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories; you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value (重视) all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. 3．From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．pest friends are more important than guest friends B．a best friend never does anything bad to you on purpose C．a pest friend will never become your best friend 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②/③④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends B．warn us not to know more about pest friends C．tell us to value all friendships Passage 5 What would you do if your best friend and you have different ideas? At first, I didn’t know what to do when I found that my best friend Karina disagreed with me on some things. When we first met in a summer camp, we got along so well. But then something happened at a picnic. “Did you hear about the shopping center news?” asked one of our friends Leo. “They want to cut down lots of trees to make room for a shopping center.” “That’s terrible! We have to stop that.” I said. “I disagree,” said Karina. “The shopping center would offer new jobs to people in need.” “But animals would lose their homes!” I said. “I want people to have jobs, but it doesn’t mean cutting down trees.” I wished Karina could agree with me about saving the trees, but she had her reasons for believing what she said. I was so angry that I didn’t talk to her for days. Later, my mother knew it and said to me, “No two people are the same. You should respect (尊重) each other. And no matter what happens, the difference doesn’t mean losing a good friend.” After listening to my mom’s words, I said sorry to Karina and we are still good friends now. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing some numbers. D．By showing some ways. 2．Karina thinks the shopping center could ________. A．Offer new jobs to people B．Save birds and other animals C．Give much money to some people D．Have places for children to have fun 3．How did the writer feel when Karina disagreed with her? A．Bored. B．Sorry. C．Happy. D．Angry. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．We can ask our friends for help. B．Friends should be the same. C．Friends should respect each other. D．Good friends tell each other everything 话题4 动植物与自然（共5篇） Passage 1 It was a Saturday morning. Mia went to a park with her friends Lily and Nina. After they got there, they found a great place to have fun. They sat on the ground and took out some nuts (坚果), eggs and fruit. When they began to eat the food, Mia saw something in the trees—three little animals with big eyes. They looked so scary. The girls were very afraid. They got up and left the park quickly. When Mia got home, she told her mom about that and drew a picture for her. Her mom said that the animals were squirrels (松鼠). Mia wanted to know more about them, so she went on the Internet. Mia found some interesting things about squirrels. They like to eat nuts, fruit, small birds and eggs. Their big eyes help them see more things. They have four front teeth and they never stop growing. These teeth make it easy for them to eat food. Their great nose helps them find food. When they jump, their big tail (尾巴) helps them balance (保持平衡). Mia was very happy. She learned a lot about squirrels and she couldn’t wait to tell those interesting things about them to Lily and Nina. 1．What do we know about the animals in the trees? A．They are little. B．They are birds. C．They look very cute. D．They have small eyes. 2．What did Mia do to learn more about squirrels? A．She called her friends. B．She read some books. C．She talked to her mother. D．She went on the Internet. 3．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What food squirrels eat. B．How squirrels find food. C．What Mia learned about squirrels. D．Why Mia wanted to learn about squirrels. 4．What might Mia do next? A．Tell her friends about squirrels. B．Go to her friends for help. C．Keep a squirrel as a pet. D．Find food for squirrels. Passage 2 Feel down? Hug a tree! Recently, many young people have turned to trees to help with their stress (压力). Although it sounds strange, there’s science behind the act of tree-hugging. The “biophilia hypothesis (亲生命假说)” tells us the reason. It was from the US scientist Edward Wilson in 1984. He said that humans are born to love being around other living things. Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA．This idea helps to explain why people prefer green, natural places to city views. It’s also one of the reasons why people love cute pets. Some studies have been done to find out why tree-hugging can help with our health. A study in 2021 reported that the activity can increase the level of oxytocin (催产素). It has something to do with our feelings. The higher the level of oxytocin is, the calmer and happier you may be. Hugging trees for only 21 seconds can lead to an increase in the level of oxytocin in our bodies. What’s more, when a person is angry, sad or very nervous, more cortisol (皮质醇) comes out. Hugging trees helps cut cortisol production, which makes us feel better. Although the activity is helpful to us, it’s important to keep in mind that we shouldn’t hurt nature while doing it. Many small animals live in the trees, and they are too small to be seen. So remember to hug trees softly and gently—just like how you hug a friend! 1．What does the sentence “Humans’ love for nature is in our DNA．” mean? A．DNA is important to humans. B．Humans are born to like nature. C．Humans prefer cities to nature. D．Humans love studying DNA． 2．How may we feel after hugging trees for 21 seconds? A．Sad. B．Nervous. C．Calm. D．Angry. 3．Which may show the relationship between negative (负面的) feelings and the level of cortisol? (x= negative feelings, y = the level of cortisol) A．B． C． D． 4．Which paragraph tells us how to hug a tree? A．The second paragraph. B．The fourth paragraph. C．The fifth paragraph. D．The last paragraph. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Tree-hugging: Love for Nature. B．Tree-hugging: Treatment (治疗) of Stress. C．Tree-hugging: Useful or Useless? D．Tree-hugging: Strange or Common? Passage 3 ①Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better? Would you like to taste a special plant? Would you like to keep a plant with little care? An Aloe Vera (芦荟) plant could be just for you to choose! ②Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh. Studies show that they take away harmful (有害的) things from the air. Maybe you can stay away from colds and sore throats. And even if you get sick, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better faster. ③Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine. Aloe Vera gel (胶体) helps to deal with the pain (痛) of burns. And it also helps with the itchiness (痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, just cut off a part of the plant, and put the gel on the affected skin (患处). ④Aloe Vera plants are also popular in the food industry (工业). If you are interested in Aloe juice, you’ll easily find it in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table. ⑤________ They like dry, warm air, so they grow best near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to keep water in their leaves. So, they do not need watering so often as most houseplants (室内植物). When watering, make sure the earth is wet enough so that it can last for a long time. That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe Vera plant. 1．How does the writer lead into (引入) the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 2．What are the uses of Aloe Vera gel as medicine in Paragraph 3? a. It’s good for eyes.   b. It stops nosebleeds.   c. It helps with the itchiness. d. It helps people lose weight.   e. It deals with the pain of burns. A．c, e B．a, b C．b, d D．a, d 3．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “________” in Paragraph 5? A．Aloe Vera plants help you improve health. B．Aloe Vera plants can serve as a delicious dish. C．Aloe Vera plants are very easy to take care of. D．Aloe Vera plants are good-looking houseplants. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Aloe Vera plants need to be watered every day. B．Aloe Vera plants help us keep away from illnesses. C．Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine, food and clothes. D．Aloe Vera plants take away the air to make the home clean and fresh. 5．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 4 Can you do addition and subtraction (加减法)? Most people can. But do you know bees can do these things too? A study shows that bees have even greater maths abilities. After some training, they can know the difference between even numbers (ending in 2, 4, 6, 8 and 0) and odd numbers (ending in 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9). Some Australian scientists put up different cards with an odd or even number of triangles (三角形). They used the numbers 1 to 10. Then they trained the first group of bees to choose odd numbers and the second group to choose even numbers. If a bee flew to the right card, it would get sugar water. If it chose the wrong card, it got bitter (苦的) water. In a short time, all the bees knew what odd numbers or even numbers were. They could fly to the right numbers 80% of the time. After that, the scientists added new cards with the numbers 11 and 12. The bees never saw the numbers before, but they could choose rightly 70% of the time. How did the bees learn the numbers so fast? Scientists didn’t have a clear idea. But they think if they find the answer, it will help them build better and faster computers. 1．How does the passage start? A．By listing facts. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 2．Which cards should the second group of bees fly to? A．①④ B．②③ C．①② D．③④ 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Bees have a great ability to learn numbers. B．Bees like odd numbers better than even numbers. C．Scientists know how bees use numbers. D．Scientists know why bees can tell different numbers. 4．Where can we read this passage in a newspaper? A．ANIMAL WORLD B．SPORTS LIFE C．FESTIVAL WEEK D．BEAUTIFUL CITIES Passage 5 It was a normal day in the Caribbean. A research team was watching a group of sperm whales (抹香鲸). The whales came around a mother whale. Suddenly, the team noticed blood in the water. “At first, I thought that something bad was about to happen,” said researcher Shane Gero. But then, a small tail (尾巴) came out of a whale. He realized it was giving birth. “This is the first time we’ve found proof (证据) of helping with birth in non-primate (非灵长类的) animals,” Gero explained. The researchers used drones (无人机) to record the whole event. The birth took 34 minutes until the baby whale was born. Right after, the whale group crowded around the baby whale. They touched the baby with their heads and lifted it onto their backs. This behavior is necessary because baby whales have less body fat and can’t use their tails yet, so they can’t stay above the water on their own and need help from other whales. Interestingly, almost all the whales in the group were female (雌性的) because young males (雄性) leave their families when they’re teenagers. In sperm whale groups, strong females take the lead and they teach the younger females what they know. The team also recorded that the whales made longer sounds during the birth, which then became shorter after the baby was born. This raises new questions for scientists: Are sounds and communication necessary for successful births in whales? 1．What happened right after the baby whale was born? A．Other sperm whales came to help. B．The mother whale faced great danger. C．The baby’s head came out first. D．Blood in the water attracted enemies. 2．Why did the other whales lift the newborn whale onto their backs? A．To play with the baby. B．To teach the baby to swim fast. C．To help the baby stay above the water D．To give the baby some body fat 3．What do scientists want to know about sperm whales giving birth? A．How long whales make sounds. B．How whales produce sounds. C．How long it takes them to give birth. D．What role their sounds play. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Protect Sperm Whales B．Whales Work Together C．Blood in the Caribbean Sea D．A Baby Whale’s First Swim 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $