广东广州市西关外国语学校2026学年第一学期素养能力训练八年级英语 Unit 1 & Unit 2

2026学年第一学期广州市西关外国语学校素养能力训练 八年级上 英语 Unit 1 & Unit 2 一、语言知识运用（共四节，满分35分） 第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从1～5各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出划线部分的发音与其他单词划线部分不一致的选项。 1. A. number B. umbrella C. jump D. musician 2. A. amount B. loudly C. pour D. mouse 3. A. instead B. great C. already D. weather 4. A. instructions B. challenges C. understands D. invents 5. A. promise B. prize C. finally D. realize 第二节 词汇选择（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子意思，从6～10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出与划线部分单词或短语意思相近的选项。 6. The people in the earthquake area are suffering from a lack of food and water. A. feeling happy B. feeling tired C. feeling pain D. feeling bored 7. In this painting, the white dove represents peace. A. looks for B. stands for C. waits for D. cares for 8. I don't know exactly where he lives, but I know it's near the park. A. clearly B. suddenly C. usually D. finally 9. When he saw the child in danger, he jumped into the river without hesitation. A. without help B. without success C. without a word D. without thinking twice 10. His teaching style is similar to that of a friendly coach. A. is different from B. is like C. is good for D. is famous for 第三节 句子选择（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读以下句子，结合语境，选出11～15各题空白处的最佳选项。 11. Leonardo da Vinci was unusually talented. ________, and his inventions changed the world. A. He was a true genius B. He was born in the countryside C. He painted the Mona Lisa D. He learned to play the piano 12. Dinosaurs came in different sizes. ________, while others were as big as elephants. A. They lived on land B. Some of them could fly C. Many dinosaurs ate plants D. Some were as small as chickens 13. The Huanglan was one of China's first encyclopedias. ________. Later, the Yongle Dadian was completed in 1408. A. It had over 11,000 volumes B. It was created around 220 CE C. It included important writing D. It was written by Greek scholars 14. The king promised the old man any prize if he won. ________, “I'd like one grain of rice for the first square...” A. The old man thought for a moment and said slowly B. The king was very surprised and asked C. The old man was very good at playing chess D. The king's favourite game was chess 15. Tally sticks were easy to understand, but writing large numbers took a long time. ________. A. These Indian numerals became popular B. The ancient Romans used letters from their alphabet C. To write “1,000”, you have to draw a thousand tally sticks! D. People in the Arab world started using them too 第四节 语法选择（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从16～25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 DC Comics is a comic book publisher. It has produced many well-known superheroes since the 1930s. Equinox, one of the superheroes, is a __16__ girl from Canada. Equinox was created by Jeff Lemire, __17__ comic book artist and writer. He also wrote stories for __18__ DC Comics characters, including Green Arrow and Superboy. When Lemire was offered a chance __19__ a new hero, he suggested that the story be set in Canada. He chose Northern Ontario as the location __20__ he believed a rural (乡村的) setting would make the story more Canadian. He also thought it would be __21__ to see superheroes somewhere other than big cities in America. To write his stories, Lemire made several trips to Moose Factory. He __22__ time talking to local people, especially students, to get ideas from them. He even organized a contest to encourage students to suggest __23__ super powers for the new character. Lemire said he got the idea of Equinox partly from Shannen Koostachin, a brave Canadian girl who led a campaign (运动) to have a proper school built in __24__ community. Sadly, she died in a car accident in 2010 __25__ the age of 15. Lemire hoped the character Equinox would help more people learn about Shannen's story. 16. A. 16-years-old B. 16-year-old C. 16 year old D. 16 years old 17. A. a B. an C. the D. / 18. A. other B. others C. another D. the others 19. A. create B. to creating C. created D. to create 20. A. but B. so C. though D. because 21. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestingly 22. A. spend B. spends C. spent D. will spend 23. A. any B. some C. anything D. something 24. A. she B. her C. hers D. she's 25. A. at B. on C. in D. for 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 There was a hard-working student called Nancy. She spent plenty of time on her __26__. She studied so hard that she became ill. She couldn't go to sleep at night. So when she __27__ the next morning, she felt very tired. She couldn't listen to the teachers carefully and she even did __28__ in the tests. Finally, Nancy went to see a doctor. After __29__ Nancy's words, the doctor said, “You are too stressed out (紧张的). You can eat more __30__ food like fruit and vegetables. Besides, you can try to __31__ numbers when you are staying in bed. By the time you count to one thousand, you might be __32__.” The next day, Nancy came to the hospital again. “Well,” said the doctor. “How are you __33__ today?” Nancy still looked __34__. “The same as before,” she said. “I tried to count one, two, three, four... up to one thousand. But when I counted to five hundred and sixty, I felt sleepy. I had to get up and __35__ some coffee so that I could go on counting up to one thousand. But then I still couldn't fall asleep.” 26. A. lessons B. hobbies C. mistakes D. games 27. A. gave up B. got down C. got up D. looked up 28. A. clearly B. badly C. hardly D. certainly 29. A. watching B. hearing C. checking D. seeing 30. A. delicious B. funny C. expensive D. healthy 31. A. remember B. train C. count D. write 32. A. asleep B. cheerful C. unusual D. comfortable 33. A. making B. thinking C. living D. feeling 34. A. afraid B. tired C. quiet D. stupid 35. A. change B. buy C. drink D. call 三、阅读理解（共三节，满分37分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从36～50各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A In the world today, there are more than 8 billion people. If this world were a small village with 100 people, what would it look like? Geography • 60 from Asia • 16 from Africa • 14 from North and South America • 10 from Europe Gender • 50 men • 50 women Education • 86 can read and write • 14 cannot • 7 have a college degree Technology • 47 Internet users • 53 never see anything online Food • 1 die from hunger • 11 unhealthy from food shortage • 22 too heavy Safety • 22 have no place to keep away from wind and rain In order to change the world for the better, we must understand what it is like today. 36. How many people in the small village have enough food according to the passage? A. 1 B. 88 C. 22 D. 11 37. How does the writer show us the population situation clearly? A. By asking questions. B. By using numbers. C. By telling stories. D. By drawing maps. 38. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. More than half of the people can go online. B. More than half of the people are from Asia. C. The number of women is not as large as men's. D. 86% of people would never study in a college. 39. To make the world better, what does the writer want us to do? A. Study hard and go to the college. B. Eat enough and healthy food every day. C. Build a larger village for humans to live in. D. Learn about what the world is like today. 40. What can we infer from the “100-person village” description in the passage? A. People in Europe are the most well-educated in the world. B. Internet has become a common tool for most people worldwide. C. There are still problems like hunger and shortage of safe water. D. Asia should send food to other parts of the world to stop hunger. B The Mayan number system appeared in the fourth century, which was about 1,000 years earlier than the European number system. It is different from the Arabic number system with a base 10. The Mayan system had a base 20. This system is believed to have been used because the Mayans lived in such a warm area and there was hardly a need to wear shoes. 20 was the total number of fingers and toes, so the system was workable. Besides 20, the other important number is 5, which had a connection with the number of fingers and toes on one hand or foot. The Mayan system used two symbols: a dot (.) meant the units (one to four) and a dash (—) meant five. The Mayans were also the first to create symbols of zero. The most common symbol was a shell. It was the Mayan Indians who first came up with the symbol zero, although there were great experts in ancient Greece and Rome. From further study, people found that the 360-day calendar also came from the Mayans. They used base 18 when making the calendar. Each month had 20 days with 18 months in a year. This left five days at the end of the year, which was a month full of danger and bad luck. In this way, the Mayans invented the 365-day calendar. 41. What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The European number system. B. The Mayan number system. C. The Arabic number system. D. The Mayan symbol system. 42. Why could the Mayan system be used at that time? A. People lived in such a warm area that they didn't need to count numbers. B. People believed that they hardly used their fingers or toes to count numbers. C. People thought the number of fingers and toes was enough to count numbers. D. People found that they could use the days in a year of a calendar to count numbers. 43. Which of the following symbols means sixteen?（圆点=1，横线=5） 44. What can we learn from the article? A. The Mayan number system had a base 10. B. All number systems had the same symbols. C. There were only 360 days in the Mayan calendar. D. The symbol of zero first appeared in the Mayan number system. 45. Where can you probably find the article? A. A diary. B. An encyclopedia. C. A travel guide. D. A geography magazine. C Five years ago, Jiang Songning lost his right forearm in an accident. The boy, only 17 then, thought the music of his life had stopped. But this year, Jiang could sit again before black and white keys. A thin, silver “hand” covered his right arm. It was a bionic (仿生的) hand. When Jiang's mind said “move,” the fingers moved. The song was clear and sweet, and the listeners clapped with joy. Jiang said the bionic hand is almost as flexible as his left hand, with each finger able to move freely. Traditional prosthetics (假肢) can only do certain moves, but this bionic hand can do 80 percent of what a real hand can do. And it costs only one-fifth of similar foreign products. The disabled people can try it and improve their lives. There are many such stories. A man from Henan couldn't walk for years. This year, he tried an exoskeleton (外骨骼). After thirty minutes of practice, he was able to walk slowly. “When I want to go forward, it gives me power. I feel I am walking by myself,” he said excitedly. This exoskeleton not only helps people with disabilities, but is also fit for long-distance walking and mountain climbing. It is now widely used in emergency rescue, forest firefighting and so on. It can greatly help people carry more, walk longer and feel less tired. Besides the bionic hand and the exoskeleton, there are more and more AI products showing how technology can warm our daily life, especially the life of the disabled. 46. Why did Jiang think the music of his life had stopped? A. He was too poor to buy a piano. B. He became disabled five years ago. C. He was too old to play the piano. D. He lost interest in playing the piano. 47. What does the underlined word “flexible” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Hard to break. B. Quick to learn. C. Easy to move. D. Slow to change. 48. How is the bionic hand compared to traditional prosthetics? A. It is much heavier. B. It can only do easy moves. C. It costs more money. D. It can help do most things. 49. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The use of the exoskeleton. B. The future of the exoskeleton. C. The price of the exoskeleton. D. The challenge of the exoskeleton. 50. What can be the best title of the passage? A. AI products help do hard work B. The great development of China C. Cheaper Chinese smart products D. Smart technologies warm our life 第二节 阅读填空（共4小题；每小题1分，满分4分） 阅读短文及文后A～D选项，选出可以填入51～54各题空白处的最佳选项。 What would be the best day to celebrate the number pi? If you say March 14, you're right! __51__ Every year, maths and science lovers come together on this day to celebrate Pi Day. In 2019, UNESCO set the day as the International Day of Mathematics. In China, Pi Day reminds us of Zu Chongzhi. His calculation is between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. __52__ In the US, a physicist called Larry Shaw started Pi Day in 1988. __53__ Students in the US usually eat pie that day. A school in Japan celebrates Pi Day with pi memorization games. In Germany, schools encourage students to show creativity through artworks about pi. A student even built a 3D building with Lego about pi. __54__ It also makes people enjoy maths through all kinds of celebrations. A. It was the most correct calculation of pi for over 1,000 years. B. The celebration of Pi Day starts a culture around pi. C. Pi Day is celebrated in many different ways across the world now. D. It matches the first three numbers of pi — 3.14. 第三节 回答问题（共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分） When winter comes, the weather gets cold and food becomes hard to find. Many animals have a special way to live through the cold winter. This way is called hibernation (冬眠). It means going into a deep and long sleep to save energy in cold winter. Before hibernation, these animals eat much more food than usual. They need to store enough fat in their bodies. The fat can give them energy during their long sleep. They usually find quiet and safe places, such as under the ground, inside trees or in small holes. During hibernation, an animal's body works very slowly. Its heartbeat slows down, and it breathes much less often. Its body temperature also becomes lower. These changes help it use very little energy, so it can stay alive without eating for months. Not all animals hibernate. Some animals like bears, frogs, snakes and hedgehogs usually hibernate in winter. Animals that can grow thick fur or find enough food still stay active in cold winter. Scientists study hibernation to learn more about animals' body rules. They also hope to use the rules to help humans in many fields, such as medicine and space travel. 55. What does hibernation mean? ________________________________________________________________ 56. Why do animals eat much more food than usual before hibernation? ________________________________________________________________ 57. How does an animal's body work during hibernation? ________________________________________________________________ 四、写作（共四节，满分28分） 第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给首字母提示写出所缺单词。每空限填一词。 Numbers are (58) e________ in our daily lives. We see them on price tags, (59) f________ schedules, and calendars. They are very important to us because they help us count things, plan trips, and even design buildings. For example, when planning a journey, you need to (60) o________ everything and make budgets for expenses like calculating how much money to spend on train tickets, hotel stays and meals. Numbers also help us (61) r________ information clearly, such as showing population change in a graph. Without numbers, our lives would be (62) c________ different, with no way to count, plan, or share key information. 第二节 完成语篇（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，根据括号中的中文提示补全文段。 Zhang Wei is a good example for us students. He loves nature very much. In the past, wild animals (63)________________ (发挥重要作用) in keeping the balance of nature. However, because humans didn't protect them well, many rare animals (64)________________ (灭绝) many years ago. Therefore, he started an environmental club at school. He often asks us to (65)________________ (写下) the things we can do in our daily lives. He tells us that we should take action right now (66)________________ (而不是) just talking. When we meet a difficult problem, we should stop (67)________________ (片刻) and think carefully before acting. We all should learn from him. 第三节 语法填空（共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分） 根据短文内容，在空格内填入适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He made great contributions to art and literature. One of his (68)____________ (famous) works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》). At nine, Shen Kuo took an interest in reading. At eleven, he received formal education. While in his (69)____________ (thirty), Shen Kuo often dreamed of a beautiful hill. Later, when travelling around, he was surprised to find land just like that hill. He lived there for the rest of his life and wrote his famous book. (70)____________ Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago, Brush Talks from Dream Brook still influences modern science. It has been translated into many languages, such as English, French, German and Japanese. 第四节 书面表达（满分15分） 你们学校正在举办“谁是最伟大的人”的投票活动。假如你是李华，请根据以下调查结果写一份调查报告，汇报同学们的选择和理由，并阐述你自己的观点和原因。 Results 20% 29% 26% 25% Names 达·芬奇 钱学森 袁隆平 …… Great achievement 意大利画家，发明家，工程师 航天科学家 农业科学家 …… Reasons … … … … 要求：1. 100词左右；2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥；3. 条理清晰，语句连贯；4. 不得出现真实姓名和校名。 参考词汇：Da Vinci; aerospace scientist; agricultural scientist Dear Students, Recently, our school has made a survey on “The Greatest Person in My Mind” among 200 students. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $