Unit 3 Environmental Protection 单元单词小测-2026-2027学年高中英语（人教版）选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第三册 unit 3 Environmental Protection 单元单词小测 一、词性转换 1. _________ vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→_________n. 挨饿；饿死 2. _________ n. 生态；生态学→_________ adj. 生态学的 3. _________ vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→_________ adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 4. _________ adj.经常的；频繁的→_________ adv.频繁地；经常 5. _________ vt. 限制；限定；束缚→_________ n.限制规定；限制法规；约束 6. _________ n.融洽，一致→_________ n.和谐的 7. _________ adj.每年的；一年的 n.年刊；年鉴→ _________ adv. 每年；一年一次地 8. _________ n. 起源；由来→_________adj. 最初的；原始的→_________ vi.&vt. 起源；发源；创立 9._________ vt.保存→ _________ n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持  10. _________ vt.规定，管理→ ________ n. 章程；规章制度 11. _________ vt忍受；包容；容许→_________n.忍受；宽容 12. _________ vt. 检查；视察→_________ n．检查；查看；视察 二、词块翻译 1. carbon dioxide __________________  2. 代表(代替)某人__________________  3. dozens of __________________  三、单句语法填空 1. Millions will face _________ (starve) next year as a result of the drought. 2. The government should do more to promote _________ (sustain) agriculture. 3. Buses run _________ (frequent) between the city and the airport. 4. The relaxation of travel _________ (restrict) means they are free to travel and work. 5. It is a _________ (harmony) community where pupils are happy and hard-working. 6. _________ behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work. 7. There is a _________ (regulate) that large trucks must not use this road.  8. The head went on a tour of _________ (inspect) of all the classrooms. 四、单词情景运用 1.All the scientists agree to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil                     (燃料). 2.After the news was                     (播放) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely,we all cheered with great joy. 3.As we all know,artificial intelligence is the future                     (趋势) of science and technology. 4.Millions of tons of plastic is used                     (遍及全球地) to make water bottles each year. 5.If he lost his health and lost his job,we would all                     (挨饿). 6.His                     /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv/ surveys have provided the most explicit statements of how,and on what basis,data are collected. 7.He                     /səˈsteɪnd/ neck injuries and the outstanding surgeon was operating on him. 8.Has the city carried out the p                     that bans smoking in public places? 9.When the opportunity comes,please s                     it without hesitation. 10.The old factory keeps r                     smoke,making the air dirty. 五、短语情景运用 starve for;have an impact on;refer to;be restricted to;seize on;along with 1.It’s an honour to be here and to share with you the story of how music has                     my life. 2.They                     recognition and appreciation,which is often overlooked by those around them. 3.His activities                     the house due to his illness last month. 4.What she                     was so confusing that they could hardly make sense of it. 5.The company                     the new trend and launched a successful product. 6.Mr.Smith,                     his students,is working on the project day and night to finish the task ahead of time. 六、完成句子 1. _______________not only our health but also our study. (there is no doubt that) 毫无疑问,不健康的早餐不但对我们的健康有害,而且对我们的学习不利。 2. Without your guidance,I _______________.(虚拟语气) 没有你的指导,我不可能取得如此大的进步。 3. _______________ competing in the sports event at the moment. (not only...but also...) 现在不仅学生而且老师都在参加体育比赛。 4. The fire lasted a whole night,_______________. [动词-ing形式(短语)作结果状语]大火持续了一整夜,造成了巨大的损失。 5. _______________ to ensure the safety of our community. 我们有责任尽一切可能确保我们社区的安全。(It is one’s responsibility to do...) 七、阅读理解 Oil spills at sea pose risks to the entire ecosystem.Attempts to remove that oil tend to be messy,costly and often not very effective.But Yuchun He,a material scientist from China,and other researchers think they’ve found a new way to sop up (吸走) that sticky pollution:cork (软木), the bark (树皮) of a particular tree. He’s team had been using lasers (激光) to cut lines into wood.They hoped those patterns might help them build electronic devices from the wood.They’d never tried it on cork before.But when they did,something unexpected happened.The cork darkened.That change suggested the cork might be able to turn light into heat. The scientists already knew that untreated cork could sop up oil.But it did so very slowly.The problem:Oil is very thick.But oil gets thinner when it warms up.And thinner oil should be absorbed by cork more easily or stick to its surface.They had a hunch that tiny holes created by the laser might help the cork store more heat.The treated cork should warm up more quickly than usual in sunlight.And that warmth should thin nearby oil,making it easier for the cork to sop up. To test this,they compared small,thin pieces of clean cork to laser-treated cork.Their results showed that the treated cork sopped up oil much faster than the untreated cork when exposed to sunlight.The researchers note that the laser’s light scuffs (磨损) the surface of the cork ever so slightly.This makes the cork extra water-resistant and more attractive to oil.He says that the treated cork can clean up a spill because the oil sticks to its surface. He has high hopes for treated cork.He explains that after it’s harvested from a tree,the cork grows back in about 10 years.“To my knowledge,there are almost no truly reusable oil-absorbing materials,” He says.But even if cork isn’t either,it may still offer a preferred way to clean oil from the environment. 1.What does paragraph 2 tell us about He’s new finding? A.It is ground-breaking. B.It was made by accident. C.It is the result of trial and error. D.It proved efficient in building electronics. 2.Which of the following best explains “had a hunch” underlined in paragraph 3? A.Suspected. B.Discovered. C.Denied. D.Ignored. 3.Why can the laser-treated cork be used to tackle oil spills? A.It is effective outdoors. B.It separates oil and water. C.It makes oil easy to collect. D.It prevents oil from spreading. 4.What is a feature of cork according to He? A.It is flexible. B.It is renewable. C.It is widely available. D.It is cheap to produce. 参考答案： 一、词性转换 1. starve；starvation  2. ecology；ecological  3. sustain；sustainable  4. frequent；frequently  5. restrict；restriction  6. harmony；harmonious  7. annual；annually  8. origin；original；originate  9. conserve；conservation  10. regulate；regulation  11. tolerate；tolerance   12. inspect；inspection 二、词块翻译 1. 二氧化碳   2. on behalf of  3. 许多；很多 三、单句语法填空 1. starvation   2. sustainable (句意：政府应该做更多工作来发展可持续农业。)  3. frequently  4. restrictions  5. harmonious  6. On  7. regulation  8. inspection 四、单词情景运用 1.fuels 2.broadcast 3.trend 4.worldwide 5.starve 6.comprehensive 7.sustained 8.policy 9.seize 10.releasing 五、短语情景运用 1.had an impact on 2.starve for 3.were restricted to 4.referred to 5.seized on 6.along with 六、完成句子 1. There is no doubt that an unhealthy breakfast will do harm to 2. couldn’t have made such great progress 3. Not only students but also teachers are 4. causing great damage 5. It is our responsibility to do everything possible 七、阅读理解 1-4 BACB 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He’s team had...something unexpected happened.”可知,何玉春的团队一直在使用激光在木材上雕刻图案。但是,当他们第一次尝试在软木上进行雕刻时,意想不到的事情发生了。由此可知,这项新发现是偶然发生的。 2.A【解析】词义猜测题。第三段中画线词前的部分说明了科学家们已经知晓的信息。根据第三段中的“might help”“should warm up”和“should thin nearby oil”以及第四段中的“To test this”可推知,画线词后的部分为科学家基于现有信息做出的推测,他们“怀疑”激光产生的小孔可能有助于软木储存更多的热量。 3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The researchers note...to its surface.”可知,研究人员指出,激光会轻微磨损软木的表面,使得软木具有很强的防水性,对油的吸引力也更大。何玉春指出,经过激光处理的软木之所以可以清理漏油,是因为油会黏附在软木表面。由此可推知,处理过的软木使油变得易于收集。 4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He explains that...about 10 years.”可知,何玉春指出,将软木从树上收割下来后,软木会在大约十年后重新长出来。由此可知,软木的一个特点就是可再生性。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $