上海市上海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语练习2

上海市上海中学2026-2027学年高三上学期英语练习2 20260908 I.Listening Comprehension 略 II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 1.The town's promotional literature its vital role in national history to impress visitors. A.abstracts B.accents C.creates D.absorbs 2.Due to the challenges in chip production,the company's costs have. from 200 million to over 700 million dollars. A.averaged B.awakened C.bargained D.ballooned 3.The supervisor is quite easy to_ so don't hesitate to bring up any problems you have. A.anticipate B.appreciate C.approach D.address 4.Critics argue that social media creates relationships,built on carefully edited images rather than genuine daily communication. A.awkward B.artificial C.appropriate D.attainable 5.The company will launch an against the court's ruling that its gross-margin practice breaks competition rules. A.appeal B.admission C.advice D.addition 6.The stage simplifies the original story while keeping its main attraction to the public A.advancement B.absorption C.adaptation D.adjustment 7.This writer's novels are in daily life,even when they describe imaginative future worlds. A.absorbed B.anchored C.buried D.bathed 8.The advantages and drawbacks of artificial intelligence in education roughly so neither side can be ignored. A.bank on B.balance out C.back off D.back out 9.Each separate expense seems trivial on its own,but they over months and become a heavy financial burden on small chip firms. A.arise out B.air out C.average out D.add up 10.Sit still!You must;we cannot keep changing plans just because you are eager for imm ediate results. A.disappear into thin air B.cost an arm and a leg C.have ants in your pants D.act the fool Section B Directions:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Artificial intelligence has a supply problem.As the world overindulges in tokens.the bits of text 1 (the output of a large language model is counted it is running short of them.Weekly token consumption increased fourfold between January and March,according to Open Router,a marketplace for AImodels,partly 2()the growing use of coding tools.The industry cannot keep up.Sarah Friar,the finance chief of OpenAl,developer of ChatGPT,has said the company is not pursuing every opportunity because it does not have enough3(process)power (or "compute).It recently 1 abandoned its video-generation model.The consequences of the supply crisis could be far-reaching.A world of scarce compute 4 (shape)the future economics of AI,changing everything from the distribution of profits to the motivations to use the technology. Adding AI capacity quickly is hard.Particularly in America,local opposition to new data centers has slowed their construction.Shortages of transformers,switchgear(开关设备)and gas turbines(撚 cause delays.Processors constitute the greatest barrier within the system.Chips for AI,such as those5_(design)by Nvidia,the world's most valuable company,remain scarce.The squeeze extends to other types of silicon,too,including memory chips and central processing units(CPUs). When hardware is expensive,the size of your balance-sheet matters more than ever before.6_ part of the supply chain you look at,only a handful of firms have the financial muscle and bargaining power to lock up the hardware they need.This year the five data-centre"hyperscalers"-Amazon, Google,Meta,Microsoft and Oracle-will together shell out more than S750bn on capital expenditure. OpenAI and Anthropic have announced hundreds ofbillions of dollars in partnerships and investments. At the same time,Nvidia is said 7(bring)most of the memory it will need in 2026 and part of 2027 well in advance. The greatest profits will be found at chokepoints.The AI boom has especially benefited Nvidia. the technological giant and TSMC,the Taiwanese manufacturer that makes almost all of 8 (advanced)chips.Chip manufacturers'pricing power has become as enormous as their transistors( are tiny.Nvidia's gross margin is about 75%,up from 60%in 2019.TSMC's gross margin is above 60%,roughly twice 9 of many other contract manufacturers. Today many companies judge themselves by their ability to use AI for a given task.Increasingly. as with human labour,they will have to ask 10 they are using AI efficiently Section C Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.blank B.resolution C.permanently D.routine E.ventured AB.attempts AC.littered AD.rates AE.emergency BC.consciously BD.complicated Climate change is forcing Vanuatu to confront an unthinkable future Nguna is one of the smaller of some 83 islands that make up the South Pacific archipelago() of Vanuatu.It hardly 11 a mention in the global politics of climate change,but its people want their voices to be heard. Inneth Tasururu teaches at the little school in Unakap,a village on Nguna just off the coast of Efate.Not so long ago she was a pupil playing in its playground.When asked where the sea was then, her eyes go 12a little and she says just one word:"Far."The school's old football field is now under water,and 13 to build coastal defenses have all failed,washed away or broken by high tides and storms. After each storm,changes can be seen.The shores of Nguna island and all of its neighbors are 14 with fallen trees,weakened by erosion.Metal spikes stand out in places,the ruins of failed defenses,and the path to the school is being eaten away by the waves.Vanuatu is sponsoring a United Nations 15 on climate change to press for financial help based on a legal opinion last year by the Interational Court of Justice. Olivia Finau William,a spokeswoman at the climate-change ministry,talks of people cooking in kitchens 16half-full of water."The majority of the population of the islands lives on the coasts," she says.Vanuatu lacks resources to deal with a crisis of this magnitude.It struggles to deal with its natural disasters,which are almost 17 and can include earthquakes,tsunamis and volcanic 2 eruptions,as well as recurrent powerful cyclones.It has declared its own climate 18,but in practical terms that has not made much difference. One solution is to move people,but that has not proved easy.Specifically,Vanuatu has a(n) 19 system of traditional landownership,presided over by its Malvatumauri Council of Chiefs,a national body with political power.In the distant past,Vanuatu was divided between dozens of tribal groups.Each of the groups spoke their own language and never 20 outside their own area.Today there is widespread intermarriage,but when it comes to moving there can still be tension.New arivals can be seen as competition for the archipelago's scarce resources. III.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. It's the 30th anniversary of National Poetry Month,begun in 1996 by the Academy of American Poets.I'm 21 it in my own fashion,reading favorite poems about April.T.S.Eliot,who was a Nobel laureate,called it"the cruellest month."Edna St.Vincent Millay was 22suspicious:"It is not enough that yearly,down this hill,/April Comes like an idiot,babbling and strewing() flowers." An idiot!When I read those 23,spring fever began to grow in my heart.I feel like Millay is mocking me for being so 24,obviously,by the magnolia blossoms()opening their soft petals for a short-lived spell of wild beauty. To Ogden Nash,April was "Gracious,cruel,tender,noisy."Apparently,we can see there's the 25again,but he ends having come to 26 the month's contradictions:"I love April,I love you."Langston Hughes's"April Rain Song"concludes similarly:"The rain plays a little sleep song on our roof at night/And Ilove the rain." April has,in the Northeast,been 27as always.A perfect spring bike ride there;a windy, rainy hustle back.The poems tend to 28 this changeable nature.As Robert Frost put it:"The sun was warm but the wind was chill./You know how it is with an April day." We do.April days contain multiple seasons.There's a lesson in there,if we want to take it,about holding multiple things at once.I've been thinking about that a lot lately,the challenge of containing conflicting emotions,conflicting ideas,the 29 sunny and stommy fronts of the intemal weather system. I've been writing this new newsletter for The New York Times,The Good List (you should sign up!),and while it's meant to catalog things that bring joy,it's not meant to deny that there are difficult things in the world,or to avoid the inevitable 30 that come from loving things:beautiful films about sad subjects,art that emerges from suffering.Things aren't only good(or only bad).I often retum to these lines from David Ferry's translation ofHorace:"It's true that Jupiter brings on thehard winters; /It's also true that Jupiter takes them away." Certainty is easier..April,in much of the country,is liminal(阈r限的)，sitting halfway between winter and spring,refusing to resolve cleanly.If you look closely,you can observe this 31 the tulips quivering in the gusting wind;people in shorts and people wearing winter gloves on the same block;stepping onto the porch(to see a spring-time robin and instead seeing your own breath. The intemal work is much the same.Sitting quietly,in particular,paying close attention to the 32inside,you can observe the hope that blows in with the fear,the lightness and heaviness that seem to be competing.The psychologist and meditation teacher Tara Brach advises 33 each experience that arises within us with the phrase "this too,"accepting what's there,even if it's uncomfortable. 3 So:How are you celebrating National Poetry Month?You might listen to"The Poetry Magazine Podcast,"or,if you're less inclined to accept it,read the writer Ben Lemer on"The Hatred of Poetry." Or better yet,34April's spirit of contradictions and do both. While I was writing this,a friend sent me a poem by Jane Hirshfield that reminded me of poetry's 35strength:"Stone did not become apple.War did not become peace./Yet joy always stays joy. Words can still dazzle us and leave us confused." 21.A.approaching B.considering C.acknowledging D.celebrating 22.A.appropriately B.equally C.alertly D.alarmingly 23.A.lines B.pieces C.characters D.phrases 24.A.awakened B.awed C.amused D.annoyed 25.A.noise B.cruelty C.glory D.humanity 26.A.approve B.authorize C.appreciate D.abandon 27.A.engaging B.altemative C.autonomous D.inconstant 28.A.refuse B.praise C.capture D.favor 29.A.altemately B.differently C.astonishingly D.annually 30.A.disappointments B.contradictions C.annoyances I D.arguments 31.A.similarity B.tension C.accommodation D.acquisition 32.A.atmosphere B.advancement C.weather D.wealth 33.A.greeting B.describing C.airing D.advocating 34.A.ignore B.announce C.embrace D.adjust 35.A.distinct B.significant C.enduring D.appealing Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) Birdwatching is more than just a lovely way to pass the time.Being an expert birder changes your brain in ways that could help to protect against age-related cognitive decline,research in the Joumal of Neuroscience suggests. Neuroscientists already knew that acquiring new skills leads to subtle alterations in the brain's activity and structure.To find out if birding has the same effect,the aptly named Erik Wing from York University in Toronto,Canada,performed brain scans on people as they triedto identify different birds. The participants,who were similar in age,gender and education,came from different local bird- watching and outdoor clubs,but 29 were expert birders and 29 were novices. As expected,the experts were better than novices at identifying the birds,especially local species. This corresponded with increased activity in three brain regions,known to be involved in visual processing,attention and working memory (which helps us to hold and manipulate information over short time periods).The same three areas were also structurally denser and more complex. All in all,this suggests that the process of leaming to identify birds,and then practising the skill over time,leads to changes in the brain.But there was more. As we get older,the structural complexity and organization of our brains start to diminish.This trend could be seen in both expert and novice birdwatchers,but was less pronounced in the experts. This suggests a potential reduction of age-related decline,"Wing and colleagues say.Or,in other words,"Acquiring skills from birding could be beneficial for cognition as people age.So,grab those binoculars! 36.What do we leam about the participants in Erik Wing's research? A.They were all members of national bird-watching associations. B.They differed significantly in their bird-watching experience. C.They received special education before carrying out bird identification. D.They were given the task ofidentifying various local bird species. 37.What happened to the three brain regions of expert birders in the study? A.Their structure became simpler but more active. B.They worked more actively and grew structurally denser. C.They stopped responding to visual information completely. D.Their memory function dropped sharply with increasing age. 38.What can we infer from the research finding conceming brain changes of expert birders? A.Novice birdwatchers will never become skilled at recognizing local birds. B.Brain regions for memory stop working when people begin bird-watching. C.Repeated practice of telling birds apart may slow down brain aging. D.People must take brain scans if they want to become expert birders 39.What message does the author intend to convey through this research report? A.Bird-watching clubs help people make more friends outdoors. B.Leaming to identify birds may serve as a protective activity for aging brains C.Working memory plays a key role in recognizing various local bird species. D.Acquiring new skills may help people fight against cognitive decline (B) Bailey Pilant is a licensed mental-health counselor in New York who specializes in ADHD.In her eyes,here are 4 things not to say to someone with ADHD. "Are you sure you have ADHD?You don't look like it." When Pilant went to college,her peers looked at her strangely when she revealed she had a prescription for Adderall to help her manage her ADHD.They all said the same thing,fueled by a misunderstanding of the many ways the condition can manifest:You don't look like you have ADHD "It was so dismissive,and I was very insecure about it at the time,"she recalls."I quickly leamed not to talk about it,and then I shamed myself out of taking my medication." “Everybody struggles with that..” One of the worst things you can lay on someone with ADHD is dismissing one oftheir symptoms, like always running late,as something that's so common,it couldn't possibly carry significance.Most people do,in fact,experience ADHD symptoms from time to time,says Russ Jones,host of the ADHD Big Brother podcast.Forgetfulness and tardiness,for example,are both common."The degree to which we're debilitated by those symptoms is what makes the difference,"he says. "You have so much potential if you'd just try harder." When you grow up with ADHD,Pilant says,people constantly tell you that you just need to try harder and be more disciplined."These comments are so disheartening,"she says."I can feel my heart breaking remembering all the times I've been told that Ihave so much potential,if I just applied myself more.It hurts because that's not what's going on." "Can you stop moving restlessly for one minute?" It's common for people with ADHD to feel like they're always being barked at to sit still.Keep in mind that for many,.occupying their fingers--like with small fidget toys(解压玩具）--actually improves focus,because it helps regulate the nervous system,allowing them to tune out distractions. Yet people often confuse Jones'moving restlessly with a lack of interest. He wants them to know:"That's me doing what I have to do to stay focused,"he says."I have to occupy some aspect of my brain-it's not me being like,How do I get out of this?" 40.Why did Pilant stop taking her medication? A.She believed she had fully recovered from ADHD. B.Peer comments brought her self-shame. C.The medicine producedterrible side-effects. D.Her college doctor canceled her prescription 41.The underlined phrase "tune out distractions"most probably means A.ignore disturbing things around B.attract others'full attention C.adjust one's nervous system D.get rid of bad habits completely 42.This article is written to A.explain the major symptoms of ADHD among young adults B.argue that ADHD patients should receive regular medical care C.wam of inappropriate remarks to people living with ADHD D.talk about our misunderstanding of the symptoms of ADHD (C) Working out how to most efficiently pack a box full of oranges may seem like a childish pursuit for professional mathematicians.And yet the sphere-packing problem confused geometric scholars for centuries.A breakthrough came in 1998 when Thomas Hales claimed to have proved what had long been supposed:that hexagonal stacking(六方堆叠法)，in which each sphere sits in the gap formed by a circle of six on the layer beneath it,provides the densest possible arrangement. The story did not quite end there.Before a mathematical conclusion can be elevated to the high status of proof,its steps have to be painstakingly examined symbol by symbol and proposition by proposition.That highlights a"core bottleneck in mathematics,which is trust",says Patrick Shafto, who works at America's Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Dr Shafto leads a team hoping to use artificial intelligence to accelerate the rate of progress in pure mathematics by,among other things,streamlining this formalization process.If advanced maths- literate large language models (LLMs)can indeed certify existing proofs,as well as help develop new ones,many mathematicians hope they could speed up discovery in an area that is otherwise painfully slow. One thing that is already clear is that LLMs work through mathematical logic very differently from humans.Before getting stuck into a challenging computation,humans like to devise at least the outline of a plan of attack-setting out their intentions with the aim of writing proofs that can be followed at each step.LLMs,by contrast,run as a"stream of consciousness",says Terence Tao,a mathematician at the University of Califoria,Los Angeles.Such systems,therefore,work through problems based on what they think they should see next,not future steps. For Pushmeet Kohli,who heads AI for Science work at Google DeepMind,an AI lab,progress depends on ensuring these models express themselves in ways mathematicians can follow.One of the models he and his team have produced with this aim in mind is AlphaEvolve,a tool designed to generate proofs for optimization()problems;ones whose goal is to find mathematical objects that best meet some given criteria (densest sphere-packing,say).Although some techniques to solve such problems already existed,they were accessible only to experts.AlphaEvolve,by contrast,can be prompted using"natural language",meaning non-experts can work with it. With such immense problem-solving abilities at their disposal,says Mr Kohli,the real challenge for humans will be finding the next set of problems worth tackling. 43.What was special about Thomas Hales'achievement in 1998? 6 A.He invented a brand-new mathematical tool for checking complex proofs B.He found new gaps in the hexagonal stacking of spheres of different sizes. C.He solved most optimization problems with the help of early-stage AI models D.He claimed to confirm the long-held guess about sphere-packing arrangement. 44.What can we infer about "trust"as a core bottleneck in mathematics? A.AI results are rarely accepted unless created by world-famous mathematicians. B.Most mathematical calculations by researchers contain hidden mistakes on purpose C.Mathematical conclusions require careful checks before being recognized as proofs D.Modemn mathematicians hardly believe conclusions from previous generations. 45.What advantage does AlphaEvolve have over previous problem-solving techniques? A.It can produce completely error-free mathematical proofs automatically. B.It helps mathematicians simplify symbols when examining formal proofs C.It allows non-experts to operate it through natural-language instructions. D.It is able to settle almost all sphere-packing related mathematical puzzles. 46.Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A.The Centuries-long Struggle Over the Sphere-packing Puzzle B.AI Assists to Push Forward the Development of Pure Mathematics. C.Differences Between Human Minds and Machine Mathematical Logic. D.AlphaEvolve:A Breakthrough Tool Designed for Common Non-experts. Section C Directions:Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentences to fill in the blanks and complete the passage.There are two extra sentences you do not need. A.This observation helps scientists better understand elephants'"umwelt,"or their individual sensory and perceptual experience of the world. B.They found the part of the whisker closer to an elephant's skin is very strong and porous( 的) C.They are particularly interested in seeing how materials with a similar stiffess gradient() could be applied to robotics. D.The secret may come down to elephants'whiskers. E.Schulz and his team incorporated their data into a toolkit for researchers in other fields to explore AB.But to truly understand these tiny filaments(),they needed a much closer look. Elephants'peculiar whiskers()help them feel the world around them Watching an elephant forage for roots reveals both the strength and the sensitivity of its trunk. With more than 40,000 muscles,an elephant's trunk can upend a tree and then gently collect the fragments that fell.It takes baby elephants nearly a year to master using their trunk in this way,and it's taken humans even longer to understand how they're able to do it. 47 Researchers who analyzed the whiskers lining these animals'trunks have discovered a unique structural property that helps elephants sense the world around them and determine whether a task calls for strength or sensitivity.In a study published in Science,the authors show that elephants' whiskers-unlike the whiskers of other mammals-are more flexible at the tip and stiffer closer to the skin 48 "We found elephants are like aliens,"says Andrew K.Schulz,lead study author and a mechanical engineer at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Germany."They have these homlike whiskers with a [puzzling]stiffess gradient." Because elephants have such rough,armor-like skin,investigators knew the whiskers on their trunks were probably doing a lot of sensory work to allow the animals to interact delicately with the world around them.49 Alongside imaging and mechanical tests,Schulz and his colleagues used a CT scanner specially built for small objects to create a digital rendering()of the elephant whiskers;this let the team analyze whisker structure from the inside out. 50 However,the tip's material is denser and much more flexible.Wanting tounderstand the mechanics of this unique form,the team members 3D-printed a supersize version of a whisker with an accurate stiffness gradient to feel for themselves."This study is a fabulous example of interdisciplinary science,"says John Hutchinson,a biologist at the University of London's Royal Veterinary College."It is elegant neuroscience,anatomy and mechanics." IV.Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. Fiction Reading For many people,nothing is more enjoyable than spending a whole aftemoon reading a good novel.But are novels simply a pleasant way to pass the time,or could it be true that reading fiction actually benefits our lives? One of thejoys of fiction is that it can take us to places that our lives won't.It can transport us to 17th-century France,or to war-tom Germany.It can take us to a future world in which artificial intelligence takes over and books are banned,or a fantasy world where people battle it out for food. Fiction can also introduce us to a whole range of people that we haven't yet met.And this, according to Carrie Oates,a novelist and academic,is perhaps the real benefit of stories.In one ofher studies,participants were asked to read either a short story by Chekhov,or a version of the story in documentary form.Those who were given the fictionalized version were found to be more likely to sympathize with the characters,thus going through greater changes in personality.In another study. she showed participants photos of the eyes of people who were feeling and thinking different things. The people who read fiction were better able to interpret those thoughts and feelings than those who didn't read.Oates explains that when we read fiction,we enter into the minds of the characters.We think about why they behave in a certain way,and what they are likely to do next.Just as we might become more knowledgeable about psychology and astronomy if we read about psychology and astronomy,we get better at this kind of social thinking if we read fiction.This improves our understanding of the thoughts and feelings of those around us in real life V.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 1.为了保证人身安全，游客未经允许不得进入自然保护区。(admit) 2.毋庸置疑，近年来心理压力引起的问题影响到了更多的中学生。(aise) 3.尽管出身卑微，但那个女孩志存高远并梦想着有朝一日能获诺贝尔奖。Despite) 4.那个退休大妈每天都要上抖音发视频、开直播，她还有不少粉丝，这可能就是她如此痴迷于 抖音的原因吧！(which 8 参考答案 I.Listening Comprehension Section A 1-5BABBD 6-10BDCCA Section B 11-13BCC14-16DDB 17-20B CCB II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1-10BDCBA CBBDC Section B 1.by which 2.because of/due to/owing to 3.processing 4.will shape 5.designed 6.whichever 7.to have bought 8.the most advanced 9.that 10.whether Section C 11-15 AD/A/AB/AC/B 16-20 C/D/AE/BD/E III.Reading Comprehension Section A 21-25DBABB 26-30CDCAB 31-35 BCACC Section B 36-39BBCB 40-42BAC 43-46 DCCB Section C 47-50 D/A/AB/B IV.Summary Fiction reading is joyful and good for our lives.Fiction can lead us to where we can't go in real life and let us know different people.Carrie Oates finds that fiction reading enables us to better understand the characters and thus change our personality and that this understanding helps us identify with real people around us.(57 words) V.Translation 1.Visitors are not admitted into the(nature)reserve without permission so that their(personal)safety can be guaranteed/ensured. 2.There is no doubt that problems arising from psychological pressure have affected more high school students in recent years. 3.Despite humble origins,the girl is ambitious and dreams of being awarded the Nobel Prize some day. 4.The old retired woman posts videos and goes live on Tiktok/Douyin every day.and she has many fans,which is the very reason why she is so absorbed in/obsessed with it. 9