专题03 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，重庆专用）高二英语上学期

函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题03阅读理解（记叙文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.C 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.A 主题语境03人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.B 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.A3.A4.B 112 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.B 主题语境04人与自然-自然生态 【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B 拓展培优 主题语境01人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.D4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A 主题语境02人与自然-宇宙探索 【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.D 212 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆第十一中学校教育集团·期中）As a young girl, Ayshah grew up fascinated by the world of beauty. She had a hole in her heart — a medical condition she was born with. Ayshah’s mother was especially protective of her because of her health condition, but encouraged her to pursue her dreams. When Ayshah finished high school, the most appealing option at her local technical college was training to become a make-up artist. So, she signed up for the three-year course. While studying, Ayshah suffered the loss of her mother, which led the 21-year-old to become the primary supporter for her father, who was suffering from kidney failure, as well as for her younger sister and brother. “From that moment on, I knew I had to turn from being dependent to becoming stronger,” she says. In three years, Ayshah completed her course at the technical college, along with her training. Then a friend told her about the opening of Roseyar, an Aramco initiative that supports local women by training and employing them at the rose factory in Taif, where she lives. Taif is the heart of the rose-growing industry in western Saudi Arabia. Known as the Taif rose, these flowers are prized for their intense smell and are used by the world’s leading perfume makers. With nearly 900 rose farms, Taif has a centuries-old tradition of rose growing, and the roses are harvested to produce some of the world’s most expensive rose oil. Ayshah joined Roseyar and trained as a production technician, using the oil of Taif roses to make cosmetic products. She reconnected with the cosmetic industry she loved as a child. “I truly love knowing that I am contributing to making something so beautiful,” she says. The job at Roseyar has enabled Ayshah to meet her various responsibilities while being surrounded by the sweet smell of the Taif rose. “I’ve been able to balance having my medical treatment for my heart condition, supporting my family financially and providing for myself — I was even able to buy a car,” she says. 1.Why did Ayshah study at her local technical college? A. She had health problems. B. She had to look after her father. C. She was able to learn what she loves. D. She was eager to earn a high income in the future. 2.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The Roseyar project. B. The Taif rose industry. C. The production of perfumes. D. The characteristics of Taif roses. 3.Which of the following best describes Ayshah? A. Ambitious and responsible. B. Talented and determined. C. Reliable and generous. D. Devoted and modest. 4.What does Ayshah think of her being part of Roseyar? A. It’s rewarding. B. It’s demanding. C. It’s a stepping stone to her dream. D. It opens up new opportunities for her. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Ayshah从小对美容行业的热爱，尽管她患有先天性心脏病，但她依然坚持追求梦想。在母亲去世后，她承担起家庭责任，最终通过努力在玫瑰工厂Roseyar找到工作，重新与美容行业结缘，并实现了自我价值。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a young girl, Ayshah grew up fascinated by the world of beauty.(Ayshah从小就对美容行业着迷)”和第二段“When Ayshah finished high school, the most appealing option at her local technical college was training to become a make-up artist. So, she signed up for the three-year course.(Ayshah高中毕业后，当地技术学院最吸引她的选择是成为一名化妆师的培训课程。于是，她报名参加了这个为期三年的课程)”可推知，Ayshah选择技术学院是因为她能够学习自己热爱的东西。故选C。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Taif is the heart of the rose-growing industry in western Saudi Arabia. Known as the Taif rose, these flowers are prized for their intense smell and are used by the world’s leading perfume makers. With nearly 900 rose farms, Taif has a centuries-old tradition of rose growing, and the roses are harvested to produce some of the world’s most expensive rose oil.(伊夫是沙特阿拉伯西部玫瑰种植业的核心。塔伊夫玫瑰以其浓郁的香味而闻名，被世界顶级香水制造商使用。塔伊夫拥有近900个玫瑰农场，有着数百年的玫瑰种植传统，这些玫瑰被采摘用于生产世界上最昂贵的玫瑰油)”可知，本段主要讲述了塔伊夫玫瑰产业。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“From that moment on, I knew I had to turn from being dependent to becoming stronger.(从那一刻起，我知道我必须从依赖他人变得更强)”和最后一段“The job at Roseyar has enabled Ayshah to meet her various responsibilities while being surrounded by the sweet smell of the Taif rose.（Roseyar的工作让Ayshah能够在塔伊夫玫瑰的香气中履行她的各种责任。）”可推知，Ayshah是一个有抱负且负责任的人。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段“I truly love knowing that I am contributing to making something so beautiful.(我真的很喜欢知道自己在为创造如此美丽的东西做出贡献。)”可推知，Ayshah认为参与Roseyar是很有意义的。故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆南坪中学校·期中）At the age of 75, the Italian female traveler Vienna, inspired by Marco Polo as her spiritual model, measured the vast expanse of China’s land with her own feet, painting a vivid picture of cultural exchanges across time and space. Her heart was filled with a thirst for the unknown world and a longing for Chinese culture. This feeling came from a chance encounter with a Beijing-based international student over two decades ago, and it got stronger upon reading the vivid descriptions in The Travels of Marco Polo. The Ancient Silk Road described in the book served as a link between the East and the West, connecting Vienna’s dreams with reality. In her pursuit of Marco Polo’s footsteps, Vienna encountered loneliness, tiredness, and even life-threatening situations. An encounter with wild dogs in a foreign land left her injured, forcing her to stop her journey for the time being. However, these hardships did not threaten her. Instead, they served as precious trials that made her value each encounter with different cultures even more. While tracing Marco Polo’s footsteps, Vienna also researched deeply into Chinese culture. She visited various Confucius Institutes, engaging in exchanges and learning with local students, therefore gaining a deep understanding of the virtues of “benevolence” and “harmony” contained in Confucianism. To Vienna, both Marco Polo and Confucius were great figures who promoted world peace and exchange. Marco Polo promoted cultural exchange and integration between the East and the West through trade and observation, while Confucius advocated harmony among people with his deep thoughts. Despite being separated by a thousand years, they resonated amazingly in Vienna’s journey. “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” got new meaning in Vienna’s travels. With her actions, she explained the meaning of this saying — no matter how remote the dream may seem, one can surely reach the destination of one’s heart by bravely taking the first step and pushing forward in one’s journey. 1.What increased Vienna’s desire for Chinese culture? A. Her childhood dream. B. The Travels of Marco Polo. C. A student from Beijing. D. Interest in the outside world. 2.Why did Vienna have to stop her journey temporarily? A. She felt extremely lonely and tired. B. She wanted to learn more about local cultures first. C. She was discouraged by the hardships. D. She got hurt in an encounter with wild dogs. 3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Marco Polo’s great contributions. B. The importance of cultural exchange. C. The huge influence of Confucianism. D. Vienna’s new insight into Chinese culture. 4.Which of the following best describes Vienna? A. Creative and honest. B. Considerate and modest. C. Ambitious and determined. D. Responsible and generous. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了75岁的意大利女性旅行者Vienna以马可·波罗为精神榜样，徒步丈量中国大地，深入体验中国文化，克服重重困难，最终对中国文化有了全新认识的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Her heart was filled with a thirst for the unknown world and a longing for Chinese culture. This feeling came from a chance encounter with a Beijing-based international Student over two decades ago, and it got stronger upon reading the vivid descriptions in The Travels of Marco Polo. (她的心中充满了对未知世界的渴望和对中国文化的向往。这种感觉源于二十多年前与一位在北京的国际学生的一次偶然相遇，在阅读了《马可·波罗游记》中生动的描述后，这种感觉变得更加强烈。)”可知，阅读《马可·波罗游记》中生动的描述增强了Vienna对中国文化的渴望。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“An encounter with wild dogs in a foreign land left her injured, forcing her to stop her journey for the time being. (在异国他乡与野狗的遭遇使她受伤，迫使她暂时停止了旅程。)”可知，Vienna在与野狗的遭遇中受伤，不得不暂时停止她的旅程。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第四段“While tracing Marco Polo’s footsteps, Vienna also researched deeply into Chinese culture. She visited various Confucius Institutes, engaging in exchanges and learning with local students, therefore gaining a deep understanding of the virtues of “benevolence” and “harmony” containing in Confucianism. To Vienna, both Marco Polo and Confucius were great figures who promoted world peace and exchange. Marco Polo promoted cultural exchange and integration between the East and the West through trade and observation, while Confucius advocated harmony among people with his deep thoughts. Despite being separated by a thousand years, they resonated amazingly in Vienna’s journey. (在追寻马可·波罗足迹的同时，Vienna还深入研究了中国文化。她参观了各种孔子学院，与当地学生进行交流和学习，从而对儒家思想中蕴含的“仁”和“和”的美德有了深刻的理解。对Vienna来说，马可·波罗和孔子都是促进世界和平与交流的伟大人物。马可·波罗通过贸易和观察促进了东西方文化的交流与融合，而孔子则以其深邃的思想倡导人与人之间的和谐。尽管相隔千年，他们在Vienna的旅程中产生了惊人的共鸣。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Vienna在追寻马可·波罗足迹的同时，深入研究中国文化，并对中国文化有了新的认识和理解。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“At the age of 75, the Italian female traveler Vienna, inspired by Marco Polo as her spiritual model, measured the vast expanse of China’s land with her own feet, painting a vivid picture of cultural exchanges across time and space. (75岁的意大利女性旅行者Vienna以马可·波罗为精神榜样，用自己的双脚丈量了中国广袤的土地，描绘了一幅跨越时空的文化交流的生动画面。)”以及最后一段““A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” got new meaning in Vienna’s travels. With her actions, she explained the meaning of this saying — no matter how remote the dream may seem, one can surely reach the destination of one’s heart by bravely taking the first step and pushing forward in one’s journey. (“千里之行，始于足下”在Vienna的旅行中有了新的含义。她用自己的行动诠释了这句话的含义——无论梦想看起来多么遥远，只要勇敢地迈出第一步，并在旅途中不断前行，就一定能到达自己心中的目的地。)”可知，Vienna以75岁高龄徒步丈量中国大地，说明她有雄心壮志；在旅途中遇到困难和挑战时，她没有放弃，而是选择继续前行，说明她意志坚定。故选C项。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·重庆第八中学校·期中）Donnie hadn’t expected to go to his niece’s fifth birthday party last August. He was exhausted after working long hours. But the party was being held at Scales and Tails Utah, a reptile (爬行动物) center in suburban Salt Lake City. Since childhood, Donnie has been crazy about reptiles. “They’re now the closest thing we have to a dinosaur,” he says. So, he went with his wife. When they arrived, they were led to a small indoor area with a pool of water surrounded by nine-foot-tall viewing windows. Inside was a 150-pound alligator (短吻鳄) named Darth. He swam around the pool before resting his head on a platform. For safety’s sake, Bull, his trainer, wanted Darth off the platform before beginning the show. Entering the enclosure (围场), she held out an arm and yelled “Back!” Unexpectedly, Darth opened his jaw to reveal all of his teeth. Bull placed her left hand under his jaw and tried to move him backward, a technical move she’d performed before. But today, Darth wasn’t having it. He rolled his head to the side, surprising Bull. Her hand slipped out from under Darth’s jaw and right into his mouth, and Bull was dragged into the pool. Outside the enclosure, some wondered if this was part of the show. Not Donnie. Sensing something was wrong, he threw open the glass door and climbed inside. “Jump on his back!” Bull shouted. Donnie jumped from the platform to sit on the alligator’s back, pressing down with all of his 180-pound body weight. “Push your fists into the top of his nose!” said Bull. Donnie did as he was told. For the next minute or two, they waited. When Darth finally eased his bite, Bull quickly pulled her hand out of his mouth and was helped by a bystander. That left Donnie alone on the top of the alligator. Bull shouted: “Move your hands from his nose to his neck! Sit up, then push off his back to stand and get to the platform!” Donnie cautiously sat up and jumped off Darth, moving out of the enclosure. Bull’s hands were treated promptly. Though recovered, she hasn’t stopped thinking about Donnie. Aside from a few scratches, Donnie was more shaken than injured. Still, he says, “I’m just glad I was there.” 1.What made Donnie go to Scales and Tails Utah? A. His wife’s invitation. B. His interest in the show. C. His passion for reptiles. D. His desire for relaxation. 2.What happened after Bull entered the enclosure? A. She nearly sank in the pool. B. She deeply fell into danger. C. She saved Donnie from Darth’s mouth. D. She was unable to take Darth out of water. 3.Which of the following can best describe Donnie? A. Careful and heroic. B. Loyal and determined. C. Considerate and optimistic. D. Adventurous and powerful. 4.What would be the best title for the text? A. An alligator fighter. B. A childhood dream. C. A visit to a reptile center. D. An alligator trainer’s day. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了因热爱爬行动物而前往爬行动物中心的Donnie，在驯兽师Bull被短吻鳄Darth攻击时挺身而出救援的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“But the party was being held at Scales and Tails Utah, a reptile center in suburban Salt Lake City. Since childhood, Donnie has been crazy about reptiles. So, he went with his wife.(但是派对是在犹他州的鳞片和尾巴中心举行的，那是盐湖城郊区的一个爬行动物中心。Donnie从小就对爬行动物着迷，所以他和妻子一起去了。)”可知，Donnie去犹他州的鳞片和尾巴中心是因为他对爬行动物的热爱。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her hand slipped out from under Darth’s jaw and right into his mouth, and Bull was dragged into the pool.(她的手从达斯的下颚下滑，直接滑进了他的嘴里，Bull被拖进了水池里。)”可知，Bull进入围场后陷入了深深的危险之中。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“Sensing something was wrong, he threw open the glass door and climbed inside.(感觉到不对劲，他猛地推开玻璃门爬了进去。)”可知，Donnie很细心；根据第五段“Donnie did as he was told. For the next minute or two, they waited. When Darth finally eased his bite, Bull quickly pulled her hand out of his mouth and was helped by a bystander.(Donnie照做了。一两分钟后，他们等着。当Darth终于松开嘴时，Bull迅速把手从他嘴里抽出来，并得到了一名旁观者的帮助。)”可知，Donnie英勇地帮助了Bull，所以Donnie是细心且英勇的。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章讲述了因热爱爬行动物而前往爬行动物中心的Donnie，在驯兽师Bull被短吻鳄Darth攻击时挺身而出救援的故事。所以文章最好的标题是A项“一个与短吻鳄搏斗的人”。故选A。 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·重庆长寿中学校·期中）I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy turn. That was when I saw a majestic buck deer standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and his composure refined. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a hurried speed. The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sun rise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to smile, laugh, and sing. Take the time to read, lounge, and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home. 1.How did the author feel after his interaction with the deer? A. Disappointed. B. Optimistic. C. Grateful. D. Funny. 2.The word “savored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “______”. A. suffered all the time B. enjoyed to the fullest C. discovered step by step D. challenged in every way 3.Why did the author drive slowly on that morning? A. Because he wanted to enjoy the forest scenery. B. Because he saw a majestic buck deer. C. Because snow made the road difficult for cars to drive on. D. Because he took the time to watch the sunrise over the horizon. 4.What does the author want to tell us with this article? A. The most important thing in life is to be happy. B. Living in harmony with nature is a must. C. Modern life is not as good as life in earlier times. D. Life is supposed to be appreciated. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者因山路积雪低速驾驶时偶遇雄鹿的经历，进而引发对“放慢生活节奏、珍惜当下”的人生感悟。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.(我继续开车，为这一刻的奇妙而微笑，并庆幸自己开得足够慢，没有撞到这个美丽的生灵。)”可知，作者与雄鹿互动后心怀感激。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored.(我们很少能享受每一天带来的东西。在这里慢慢度过每一天不是更好吗？生活本就应该被savored。)”可知，“savored”与“enjoy”语义相近，结合语境可推断其意为“尽情享受、细细品味”。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery.(今天早上我开得比平时慢，因为三月初的一场雪让道路变得湿滑。)”可知，作者当天早上开得慢是因为积雪导致道路湿滑，不利于驾驶。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished.(生活本就应该被细细品味，时光本就应该被好好珍惜。)”以及第三段中多次出现的“Take the time to...(花时间去……)”可知，作者想通过文章告诉我们，生活应该被用心欣赏和珍惜。故选D项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆育才中学·期中）Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809, Shropshire, England) demonstrated a scientific talent from childhood. His keen interest in chemistry was evident even in his school days, leading his peers to call him “Gas”. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, changing how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. 1.What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 2.Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. That he lost his eldest daughter. C. His youngest kid’s being disabled. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 3.What can we learn from the text? A. Darwin’s interest of study never changed. B. Darwin’s happy family gave him much support in his studies. C. Darwin’s theory of evolution was accepted at the very beginning. D. Darwin’s discoveries were based on his life and field studies. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Charles Darwin’s changing interest. B. Charles Darwin’s life and work. C. Charles Darwin’s passion for medical science. D. Charles Darwin’s voyage and family stories 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了达尔文的生平经历，包括求学、航海考察、核心理论创立及家庭变故对其思想的影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time.(达尔文对收集到的动植物进行了分析，这让他对以往关于物种如何形成和演变的解释产生了质疑。)”可知，对收集到的动植物进行研究，使达尔文重新思考物种的起源和发展。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, changing how Darwin thought about the human species.(他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯・瓦林・达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说意义重大的是，这个孩子身有残疾，这改变了他对人类物种的看法。)”可知，达尔文最小的孩子身患残疾，改变了他对人类物种的观点。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface.(达尔文在陆地上花了很多时间收集植物、动物和岩石的样本，这帮助他了解了地球表面形成的过程)”以及第四段中的“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, changing how Darwin thought about the human species.(他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯・韦林・达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说意义重大的是，这个孩子身有残疾，这改变了他对人类物种的看法。)”等内容可知，达尔文的发现是基于他的生活经历和实地考察。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章依次讲述了达尔文的童年天赋、求学经历、航海考察、自然选择理论的创立，以及家庭生活变故对其思想的影响，整体围绕达尔文的生平与研究工作展开。故选B项。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·重庆第十一中学校教育集团·期中）Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used skin and scales (鳞)from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won this year's James Dyson Award. Ms. Hughes was very aware of how wasteful many products are. Plastic items (物品)，for example, are often made from new plastic, used once for a short time, and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead. Fishing is a big business in England, and the University of Sussex where Ms. Hughes studied wasn't far from the coast. She spent some time studying the fishing business, and the things that were thrown away. She was amazed by the amount of waste from fish that gets thrown away. After some tests, Ms. Hughes decided that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. But then she needed something to bind (hold the material together) with. She found that red algae (红藻)was the best binder. Ms. Hughes called her finished product “MarinaTex”, which is clear and feels like plastic, but stronger than regular plastic of the same thickness. MarinaTex is also cheap to make since it's made from fish waste. Ms. Hughes says that the waste from one Atlantic cod (a fish) could make 1,400 bags. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn't use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down. Ms. Hughes thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging where plastic is currently being used. Ms. Hughes is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. 1.Why did Lucy Hughes invent MarinaTex? A. To turn waste into treasure. B. To win James Dyson Award. C. To gain people's wide attention. D. To help the local fishing business. 2.What is MarinaTex's greatest advantage over traditional plastic? A. It is of higher quality. B. It is more convenient to use. C. Its production cost is fairly low. D. It can break down in a short time. 3.What can we know from the last paragraph? A. MarinaTex has been put to practical use. B. Lucy Hughes hopes for more fund support. C. Lucy Hughes intends to improve her invention. D. MarinaTex will replace regular plastic in food packaging. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. Red Algae: the Best Binder to Hold Materials B. Young Inventor Creates Plastic from Fish Skin C. Fish Waste Has Affected the Environment Seriously D. Lucy Hughes: an English Inventor Won James Dyson Award 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国的Hughes女士发明了一种由鱼皮和鱼鳞制成的新型塑料，相较于传统塑料有着诸多优点。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead.可知，Hughes注意到塑料制品的浪费情况很普遍，因此想将垃圾变废为宝，才催生了后来的发明。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down.可知，MarinaTex相较于传统塑料，最大的优点就在于分解不用花太长时间，这在文章一开始就特别点明了。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible.可知，Hughes还在想办法改进目前的配方，并希望得到的奖金能帮助她加快研究进程，显然这一过程是需要资金支持的，Hughes也是需要资金支持的。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-oId English inventor, has used skin and scales (鳞)from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks.可知，文章第一句话就点明了主要内容，24岁的英国发明家用鱼鳞、鱼皮创造出一种新型塑料，B选项完全切合这一主题，符合文意。故选B项。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中）In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies. As a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago in Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change. As I began to search for the cause of my struggles, I became increasingly aware that my quiet time at the lab bench — for instance, when I was running columns or experiments — was anything but. Instead of thinking about science, I was watching television or interacting with social media on my smartphone. Although I could cover up this inefficiency with longer hours, my work felt chaotic and disorganized. I would come home from a long day in the lab and respond to e-mails or messages over dinner or in bed. This all came to a head last summer, when my inability to balance work and life led me to seek help from the university’s student mental health services. Through a combination of consultation (咨询) and personal reflection, I came to understand my problem. To regain my focus, I chose to reduce my connectivity by using a basic mobile phone without an Internet connection during work hours and removing unnecessary apps from my smartphone when I did use it. Underestimating the addictive nature of smartphones, I experienced symptoms of withdrawal when I first did this. With time, however, I began to make practical use of my quiet time. I started reading papers during long experiments, and developed a habit of writing in my down time. Perhaps most importantly, I have felt my anxiety decrease and my productivity and creativity improve dramatically, trading my chaotic work-life relationship for one with clearer boundaries and plenty of new scientific ideas. Now, even when I do carry my smartphone, I feel less forced to check e-mails or messages, and can concentrate more closely on whatever task is at hand. 1.What main problem did the author face in early 2021? A. Working long hours alone. B. Getting stuck in his studies. C. Losing interest in research. D. Feeling anxious about messages. 2.What made the author struggle? A. His addiction to the phone. B. Running columns or experiments. C. Messy and disorganized schedule. D. His inability to get mental-health services. 3.What did the author do after he realized the problem? A. He wisely spent his spare time. B. He merely used a basic mobile phone. C. He frequently reflected on past mistakes. D. He never checked e-mail s or messages. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges in the Lab B. Disconnect to Reconnect C. The Struggles of a Student D. How Phones Affect Research 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在2021年初遭遇学习瓶颈，通过反思发现是智能手机成瘾导致效率低下，随后采取措施减少手机使用，最终提升了工作效率和创造力。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies.(2021年初，我在学习上遇到了瓶颈)”可知，作者在2021年初面临的主要问题是在学习上遇到了瓶颈。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Instead of thinking about science, I was watching television or interacting with social media on my smartphone.(我没有思考科学，而是在智能手机上看电视或与社交媒体互动)”以及“Although I could cover up this inefficiency with longer hours, my work felt chaotic and disorganized.(虽然我可以用更长的时间来掩盖这种低效，但我的工作感觉混乱无序)”可知，作者挣扎的原因是沉迷于手机。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“To regain my focus, I chose to reduce my connectivity by using a basic mobile phone without an Internet connection during work hours and removing unnecessary apps from my smartphone when I did use it.(为了重新集中注意力，我选择在工作时间内使用没有互联网连接的基本手机，并在使用智能手机时删除不必要的应用程序)”以及第四段中“With time, however, I began to make practical use of my quiet time. I started reading papers during long experiments, and developed a habit of writing in my down time.(然而，随着时间的推移，我开始实际利用我的安静时间。我开始在长时间实验中阅读论文，并养成了在空闲时间写作的习惯)”可知，作者意识到问题后明智地利用了业余时间。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者通过减少手机使用，重新找回了专注力，提高了工作效率和创造力，因此B选项“Disconnect to Reconnect(断开连接以重新连接)”最适合作为标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆渝中巴蜀中学校·期中）Like most writers, when it comes to the written word, I feel like I can express myself exactly how I want and arrange words on paper with a great sense of control. However, my speaking voice is less confident than my written one, and I often feel shaky and tongue-tied when I’m in a new place and need to ask for directions. I never recognized this as a problem until I traveled to Mexico City. For months, I’d been studying Spanish on Duolingo and was excited to practice what I’d learned. But when I started interacting with the locals, I struggled with my words and second-guessed everything I knew. At a café, I froze when I went to order: “Podría tener un café y un…” I began but forgot the word for a “glass” of water, then my embarrassment levels went through the roof. Once home, I stepped up my Spanish learning, but my confidence continued to be easily knocked by minor mistakes. As the last effort, I signed up for private session with a tutor, Julieta. Her warm, down-to-earth manner put me at ease. “Excelente,” she praised throughout the lesson. She insisted that I speak exclusively in Spanish, so I had to make do with my very limited vocabulary and force myself to keep going, even when I made a mistake. Julieta would wait patiently while I struggled to find my words. In a strange way, the pressure was off: I reminded myself that Julieta was there to help and guide me, not judge me. Then earlier this month, I traveled to Argentina for work. With employees who had a harder time with English, my ability to do my job depended on my ability to speak — in Spanish. Something switched on inside me. I made a point of speaking Spanish whenever I interacted with local staff. Chatting with coworkers, I was impressed by how fluently I was speaking, and my determination to carry on even when I felt like quitting. “Tu español es bueno,” my coworker praised one day. And for the first time, I believed it. I was doing exactly what Julieta had taught me: finding a way to express myself even when the right or most polished words weren’t available to me. 1.When did the author realize that she should work more on her Spanish? A. When she kept forgetting Spanish words. B. When she failed a conversation in Mexico. C. When her colleague spoke Spanish to her. D. When she was learning Spanish with Julieta. 2.How did Julieta help the author with Spanish learning? A. By picking out and correcting minor mistakes. B. By advising her to talk to native speakers regularly. C. By creating a relaxing but encouraging environment. D. By checking her mastery of Spanish vocabulary constantly. 3.According to the passage, which of the following is the best way of learning to speak a new language? A. Speaking out with courage. B. Always pursuing perfection. C. Making friends with natives. D. Finding a good language tutor. 4.What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Well begun is half done. B. Early bird catches the worm. C. Learning is a lifelong process. D. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者书面表达自信但口语薄弱，墨西哥之行暴露西班牙语沟通问题后，通过导师指导和实践突破自我的经历。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I never recognized this as a problem until I traveled to Mexico City. For months, I’d been studying Spanish on Duolingo and was excited to practice what I’d learned. But when I started interacting with the locals, I struggled with my words and second-guessed everything I knew.(直到去墨西哥城旅行，我才意识到这是个问题。此前几个月，我一直在多邻国上学习西班牙语，满心期待能把学到的知识付诸实践。可当我开始和当地人交流时，却张口结舌，连自己学过的内容都开始怀疑了)”可知，作者在墨西哥城与当地人沟通失败后，意识到需要更努力学习西班牙语。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her warm, down-to-earth manner put me at ease. “Excelente,” she praised throughout the lesson. She insisted that I speak exclusively in Spanish, so I had to make do with my very limited vocabulary and force myself to keep going, even when I made a mistake. Julieta would wait patiently while I struggled to find my words. In a strange way, the pressure was off: I reminded myself that Julieta was there to help and guide me, not judge me.(她亲切又务实的态度让我放松了下来。“太棒了！” 她在整堂课上都在这样称赞我。她要求我全程只能说西班牙语，于是我不得不靠着自己有限的词汇量硬着头皮往下说，即便犯了错也得坚持。每当我绞尽脑汁组织语言时，朱丽叶塔都会耐心等待。说来也怪，我心里的压力就这样消散了 —— 我告诉自己，朱丽叶塔是来帮我、指导我的，不是来评判我的。)”可知，朱丽叶塔通过营造轻松且鼓励的环境帮助作者学习西班牙语。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She insisted that I speak exclusively in Spanish, so I had to make do with my very limited vocabulary and force myself to keep going, even when I made a mistake.(她坚持让我只说西班牙语，所以我不得不利用非常有限的词汇量，强迫自己继续说下去，即使犯了错误。)”以及第四段中的“I made a point of speaking Spanish whenever I interacted with local staff. Chatting with coworkers, I was impressed by how fluently I was speaking, and my determination to carry on even when I felt like quitting.(每次和当地员工交流时，我都特意坚持说西班牙语。和同事们闲聊时，我惊讶地发现自己说得居然这么流利，更让我感慨的是，即便中途有过想放弃的念头，我也硬是凭着决心坚持了下来)”可推知，学习口语的最佳方式是勇敢开口，不怕犯错。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“I never recognized this as a probleOnce home until I traveled to Mexico City.(直到去墨西哥城旅行，我才意识到这是个问题)”根据第三段“Once home, I stepped up my Spanish learning, but my confidence continued to be easily knocked by minor mistakes.(一回到家，我就加紧了西班牙语的学习，但我的自信心还是会因为一些小失误而轻易受挫)”根据第四段“Then earlier this month, I traveled to Argentina for work.(就在本月初，我因工作前往阿根廷出差)”以及最后一段““Tu español es bueno,” my coworker praised one day.(“你的西班牙语说得真好。” 有一天，我的同事这样称赞道)”可知，作者从墨西哥之行的口语窘迫，到通过针对性学习和阿根廷工作中的刻意练习，最终获得同事认可，体现了“有志者事竟成”的道理。故选D项。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆铁路中学校·期中）My uncle George, a mentally disabled man, enjoys a simple life-no smartphones, no Internet - so communication is limited to in person or old-style phone calls. I have always shared a special bond with him. For years, George would periodically ask for my cellphone number and write it down. He’d call a bunch of times and then suddenly stop, because he had lost the piece of paper with my number on it. This went on for years, until at some point, around six years ago, he committed my number to memory. Ever since then, from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., he calls me once a day, without fail, 365 days a year. Our phone calls always follow the same structure, using one of three fantasy realities from George’s imagination. In one, he’s my dad and I’m his son. In another, he’s Major Charles Winchester, and I’m Captain B. J. Hunnicutt, reporting for duty. In the last, we’re both lifeguards, performing the rescue of a drowning person. We go back and forth in character for about a minute and a half, only breaking the bit to laugh wildly. Then he’ll go quiet. “You know something, Tommy,” he’ll say. “I’m just calling to say you’re the best guy I know.” “So are you,” I reply. We both laugh. Then, he’ll ask what I’m eating for dinner and wrap up telling me he’ll call back at a specific time. This conversation has been repeated for years. No matter what’s going on in the world, these calls are something I can count on. In my darkest moments — painful breakups, professional setbacks — that phone call rolls in, allowing me to escape reality for a bit and just laugh and act like a kid again. Though he can’t understand my adult life or daily struggles, his love remains unshakable. This love is an incredible gift. Whenever I’m struggling for life, I know George will call, telling me I’m the best guy through his phone calls. 1.What can we know about George? A. He is a life guide just like me. B. He tries to keep in touch with me. C. He is a physically disabled man. D. He wants an advanced smartphone. 2.Why does the author value George’s calls? A. They provide practical advice B. They help improve his acting skills. C. They keep him updated on family news. D. They offer consistent emotional support. 3.What does the underlined phrase “wrap up” mean in Paragraph 5? A. End up. B. Bring up. C. Show up. D. Pick up. 4.What does the passage intend to tell us? A. Role-play bonds family. B. Family love is unshakable. C. Calls make a difference. D. Disabled people brave all. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了心智障碍的乔治与作者关系亲密，多年来每日通话，以幻想角色互动，表达关爱。作者困境中因这份爱获得力量，视其为珍贵礼物。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“This went on for years, until at some point, around six years ago, he committed my number to memory. Ever since then, from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., he calls me once a day, without fail, 365 days a year.(这种情况持续了多年，直到大约六年前，他开始将我的电话号码牢记于心。从那以后，每天从早上7点到晚上7点，他都会每天固定给我打一次电话，一年365天，从未间断)”可知，乔治一直努力与作者保持联系。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“No matter what’s going on in the world, these calls are something I can count on. In my darkest moments — painful breakups, professional setbacks — that phone call rolls in, allowing me to escape reality for a bit and just laugh and act like a kid again.(无论世界发生着何种变化，这些电话对我来说都是可以信赖的。在我最沮丧的时刻——比如痛苦的分手、事业上的挫折——那通电话总会如期而至，让我暂时逃离现实，重新找回童年的快乐和无忧无虑的感觉)”可知，作者重视乔治的来电是因为这些来电提供了持续的情感支持。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“telling me he’ll call back at a specific time(告诉我他会在特定时间给我回电话)”可知，告知回电话的时间是电话结束时候的收尾，故划线词意思是“结束”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This conversation has been repeated for years. No matter what’s going on in the world, these calls are something I can count on. In my darkest moments — painful breakups, professional setbacks — that phone call rolls in, allowing me to escape reality for a bit and just laugh and act like a kid again. Though he can’t understand my adult life or daily struggles, his love remains unshakable. This love is an incredible gift. Whenever I’m struggling for life, I know George will call, telling me I’m the best guy through his phone calls.(这段对话已经持续了好几年。无论世界发生着怎样的变化，这些电话始终是我可以信赖的。在我最艰难的时刻——痛苦的分手、事业上的挫折——那通电话总会响起，让我暂时逃离现实，再次像个孩子一样欢笑、表现得无忧无虑。尽管他无法理解我的成人生活和日常的挣扎，但他对我的爱始终坚定不移。这份爱是一份无比珍贵的礼物。每当我在生活中苦苦挣扎时，我知道乔治会打电话来，通过他的电话告诉我，我是最棒的那个人)”结合文章主要讲述了有心智障碍的乔治与作者关系亲密，多年来每日通话互动，表达关爱。作者困境中因这份爱获得力量，视其为珍贵礼物。可知，这篇文章想要告诉我们家庭之爱是坚不可摧的。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·重庆九校联盟·期中）Cats, like dogs, have been domesticated and generally thrive (茁壮成长) on human companionship. George is a 7-year-old white domestic shorthair (短毛猫) that once lived in a senior living facility, but when it closed down, he was taken to a local animal shelter, where he quickly became depressed. Finding a home for the sad cat wasn’t going to be easy — his clear unhappiness, combined with his unusual appearance, was the reason for a long stay at the shelter. The staff in the shelter knew he needed a job, a job where he got to be the center of attention any time he walked into the room, so Alex and the others at the shelter searched for another senior care home to get George back to work. After senior living facilities found out the cat had years of previous experience that allowed him to avoid meow-orientation, a new staff training, they were waiting in line to add George to their staff. Eventually, the shelter chose Forest Hills Personal Care Home, and George has made himself at home. To no one’s surprise, he’s perfect at his job. “He’s a lap cat, he’s a cute cat, and he’s the kind of boy that’ll be very faithful to you and follow you around. He thrives on being with a lot of people,” Alex explains. The residents at the personal care home love him and give him all the attention he could ever possibly need. But once his shift is over, all the elderly residents are sound asleep and the night nurses are counting the minutes until they can finally rest, George begins his nightly adventures. He gets the late night zoomies (疯跑) to get some exercise before another long day of caring for his residents. Being a working cat isn’t always easy, but George manages it effortlessly. 1.Why was it hard for George to find a new home at first? A. He was too old for adoption. B. He didn’t like being with people. C. He looked sad and unusual. D. He needed special medical care. 2.What can we learn about George’s experience from paragraph 3? A. George’s past experience made him popular. B. New staff training was too difficult for George. C. George’s experience wasn’t useful for his new job. D. The shelter found it difficult to place George. 3.How does George prepare for his next workday at night? A. He sleeps with the elderly residents. B. He gets food from night nurses. C. He plays with shelter staff. D. He runs around for exercise. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. The Lonely Shelter Dog B. A Cat Returns to His Important Job C. Teaching Cats to Help the Elderly D. A Loving Animal Shelter 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了7岁短毛猫乔治原在老年护理机构生活，机构关闭后入收容所抑郁，后因工作经验重返护理机构，受住户喜爱，还会夜跑为次日工作做准备。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Finding a home for the sad cat wasn’t going to be easy — his clear unhappiness, combined with his unusual appearance, was the reason for a long stay at the shelter.(给这只悲伤的猫咪找到一个家并非易事——它明显的不快情绪，再加上它与众不同的外貌，使得它在收容所里滞留了很长一段时间)”可知，它难以被领养的原因是明显的不开心和不寻常的外貌。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“After senior living facilities found out the cat had years of previous experience that allowed him to avoid meow-orientation, a new staff training, they were waiting in line to add George to their staff.(各家养老院得知这只猫有多年的工作经验，足以让他免于参加‘喵星新员工培训’，于是纷纷排队希望把乔治招入麾下)”可知，它的工作经验让它很受欢迎。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He gets the late night zoomies (疯跑) to get some exercise before another long day of caring for his residents.(他会在深夜疯狂奔跑，以此来锻炼身体，为接下来漫长的一天护理住客做准备)”可知，它通过夜晚疯跑来锻炼身体，为第二天工作做准备。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“George is a 7-year-old white domestic shorthair (短毛猫) that once lived in a senior living facility, but when it closed down, he was taken to a local animal shelter, where he quickly became depressed.(乔治是一只7岁的白色家养短毛猫，它曾居住在一家老年护理机构里，但该机构关闭后，它被送到了当地的动物收容所。在那里，它很快就变得情绪低落)”以及全文围绕George从养老院到收容所，最后重返工作岗位的故事展开，强调它回归本职工作，因此B选项“一只猫重新承担起其重要的职责”最贴合文章标题。故选B。 主题语境01 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆复旦中学教共体·期中）Last year, as my then-9-year-old son, Leopold, and I were preparing for a mom-son ski trip to Keystone, Colorado, I came up with a rule: We would say yes to everything. You see, Leopold is a picky eater and can be hesitant to try new things. I was hoping to find a way to encourage him without relying on worn-out adages (格言). So I borrowed the idea of a Yes Day. Before the trip, Leopold and I agreed we would say yes to everything, including food and experiences — especially new ones. The next day, after we got settled at our hotel, I took Leopold to meet his snowboarding instructor. While he was in snowboarding school, I skied by myself. On the first day, I played it safe and stuck to the long and winding easy green run. On the second day, I thought of Leopold, who, the day before, had kept to our bargain and faced his fear of heights to learn how to ride a chairlift. In the spirit of camaraderie (感情), I challenged myself to ski an intermediate blue run. I was proud of myself for trying something new. Later that afternoon, when Leopold and I were reunited back at the hotel, he asked if we could go in the outdoor hot tub. Mind you, it was a -20-degree day, and the only thing I hate more than being cold is being cold and wet! When I started to say no, Leopold referred to our agreement. Yes, it was cold, and yes, I was wet. But it was also invigorating to feel the cold air on my skin, and the warm water of the hot tub felt that much better once we got in. Getting out was a different story, but the experience was a delight as Leopold and I braved it together. I knew it’s an experience we’ll never forget. And therein lies the beauty of saying yes on vacation: It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone. Though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything back home, where work, school and other obligations can get in the way, we’re trying to say it more. Cultivating a sense of adventure helps us live life to the fullest-even if you sometimes wind up cold and wet. 1.What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence “Leopold is a picky eater” in Paragraph 1? A. Leopold is greedy for food. B. Leopold loves unhealthy food. C. Leopold keeps a balanced diet. D. Leopold is particular about food. 2.What’s the emotional state of Leopold during the journey? A. Angry. B. Determined. C. Calm. D. Anxious. 3.Why did the author hesitate to go in the outdoor hot tub? A. She caught a heavy cold. B. She felt it embarrassed to be wet. C. She couldn’t tolerate the low temperature. D. She was worried about cold after getting wet. 4.What does the author want to convey through saying yes? A. It is unbearable to stay in the comfort zone. B. Life is more wonderful out of the comfort zone. C. You should be faced with challenges at any time. D. You should show your courage whenever cold and wet. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过作者的自身经历，讲述了走出舒适圈，对更多的挑战说YES。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“can be hesitant to try new things(对尝试新事物犹豫)”及第二段“Before the trip, Leopold and I agreed we would say yes to everything, including food and experiences — especially new ones.(在旅行之前，利奥波德和我一致同意对一切都说“是”，包括食物和体验——尤其是新的体验)”可知，Leopold不是特别愿意尝试新事物，即对食物挑剔。故划线句意思是“Leopold对食物挑剔”。故选D。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“On the second day, I thought of Leopold, who, the day before, had kept to our bargain and faced his fear of heights to learn how to ride a chairlift.(第二天，我想起了利奥波德，他在前一天遵守了我们的约定，面对恐高症学习如何乘坐缆车)”及第四段“When I started to say no, Leopold referred to our agreement.(当我开始拒绝的时候，利奥波德提到了我们的协议)”及倒数第二段“Getting out was a different story, but the experience was a delight as Leopold and I braved it together.(出去是另一个故事，但当利奥波德和我一起勇敢面对时，这是一个愉快的经历)”可知，Leopold在假期中情绪坚定。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Mind you, it was a -20-degree day, and the only thing I hate more than being cold is being cold and wet!(提醒你一下，那是零下20度的天气，我唯一讨厌的事情，比寒冷更讨厌的是又冷又湿！)”可知，作者最怕的是打湿后在空气中特别冷的感觉。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone. Though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything back home, where work, school and other obligations can get in the way, we’re trying to say it more. Cultivating a sense of adventure helps us live life to the fullest-even if you sometimes wind up cold and wet.(它促使你走出自己的舒适区。虽然我们不可能总是对家里的一切都说“是”，因为工作、学校和其他义务会妨碍我们，但我们正努力多说“是”。培养一种冒险意识可以帮助我们充分享受生活——即使你有时会感到又冷又湿)”可知，适当走出舒适圈会让我们的生活更充实。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆南开中学校·期中）I have no choice but to hear you. You’re 10 rows ahead of me in Economy Class on the plane, crying as loudly as King Lear shouting in the wild. “Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!” It seems you’re challenging the gods, the forces of nature, and the unfairness of life. Or maybe you just have a stomachache from gas. Who is with you when you “complain” about the whole world? King Lear had his Fool, and you have your parents. They look pale and tired, bending over you with uncertainty. What’s worse, they’re using their last bit of energy to argue — even while taking care of you, they whisper unkind words to each other. If they get divorced, crying baby, it’s your fault. But listen: I appreciate you. The bodies we live in aren’t always easy to deal with, right? They itch, sting, ache, and get too hot. They feel weird. They get exhausted. They make us easily annoyed. (Here’s another thing I like about you: You don’t follow the old idea that the mind and body are separate. For you, an upset stomach and a bad mood are almost the same.) I once lived with a crying baby. He’s 20 now. I used to come home from my job as a night baker at three in the morning, do a shot of whiskey, and fall into bed. An hour later he would wake me with his crying. I’d drag myself out of bed, stumble toward him, and — quite often — faint with a “thud” on the floor. Low blood pressure, as it turned out. Plus, you know, no sleep. That baby’s cry would pull me from one kind of sleepiness to another, like a strong order I couldn’t refuse. Anyway — keep it up, little “boss”. You’ve got a lot of power, and no power at all. You’re a tiny fist shaken at the heavens. Soon you’ll be talking, and language will betray you. You’ll say vague, helpless things and make bad jokes. But right now your protest is very direct, very effective. It’s going right through my head. 1.Why does the writer mention King Lear in Paragraph 1? A. To describe the baby’s loud and fierce cry. B. To explain how powerful King Lear was in the past. C. To appreciate the baby’s ability to challenge nature. D. To illustrate King Lear’s encounter with unfairness. 2.What can we learn about the baby’s parents? A. They feel exhausted after their divorce. B. They are patient and kind to each other. C. They are delighted to stay with the baby. D. They might fight because of the baby’s cry. 3.What do we know about the writer’s past experience with the crying baby? A. The writer drank alcohol to deal with his mental problems. B. The writer had high blood pressure due to the crying baby. C. The writer was often awoken early by the baby’s cry. D. The writer usually fainted owing to heavy workload. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Understanding a Crying Baby B. Raising a Noisy Baby C. Memories of My Baby D. Troubles of Parents 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在飞机经济舱里，对前排婴儿大声哭闹的观察与感受。既展现了婴儿哭闹时的“威力”，以及其父母疲惫、甚至互相争吵的状态；又回忆了自己曾与哭闹的孩子共处、被孩子哭声困扰的经历；最后表达了对婴儿直接又有效的“抗议”（哭闹）的某种理解与感慨，也暗含对生命成长过程中身体与情绪关联、个体力量变化等的思考。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“You’re 10 rows ahead of me in Economy Class on the plane, crying as loudly as King Lear shouting in the wild. Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!(你在飞机的经济舱里，比我靠前十排，哭得声嘶力竭，就像李尔王在荒野中呐喊一样。狂风啊，吹吧，吹裂你们的脸颊吧！)”可知，作者将婴儿的哭声与《李尔王》在旷野中大声呼喊作类比，核心目的是形容婴儿哭声“响亮且激烈”。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“What’s worse, they’re using their last bit of energy to argue — even while taking care of you, they whisper unkind words to each other. If they get divorced, crying baby, it’s your fault.(更糟的是，他们用尽最后一点力气在争吵——即便在照顾你的时候，也会互相低声说着难听的话。要是他们离婚了，小哭包，那就是你的错。)”可知，婴儿的父母可能因为婴儿的哭声吵架了。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I used to come home from my job as a night baker at three in the morning, do a shot of whiskey, and fall into bed. An hour later he would wake me with his crying.(我以前做夜班面包师，凌晨三点下班回家，喝一杯威士忌，然后倒头就睡。可一个小时后，他就会用哭声把我吵醒。)”以及“Plus, you know, no sleep.(而且，你也知道，根本睡不好觉。)”可知，作者常被婴儿哭声早早吵醒。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“But listen: I appreciate you.(不过听着：我很感激你。)”、第四段中“An hour later he would wake me with his crying.(可一个小时后，他就会用哭声把我吵醒。)”以及第五段中“But right now your protest is very direct, very effective.(但现在你的抗议非常直接，也非常有效。)”等内容，体现出作者虽被婴儿哭声影响，但从婴儿的角度共情，并通过自身经历表达对婴儿的理解。A项“理解哭泣的婴儿”最适合作为标题，故选A。 主题语境02 人与自然-宇宙探索 （25-26高二上·重庆两江育才中学校·期中）The 60-foot-tall rocket took off in West Texas, sending a group of six people into space and giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before they landed by parachute (降落伞). Most of the passengers paid a secret sum of money for their seats. But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view. “Looking down, you see everyone is down there, all of our past, all of our difficulties, everything — everything is there,” Echazarreta said. “When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.” Echazarreta is the first Mexican-born woman to travel into space. She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college. She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on TikTok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series. 1.Why was Echazarreta chosen to travel into space? A. She was an expert in landing by parachute. B. She was considered to be an excellent person. C. She supported the project with a big sum of money. D. She made great efforts to set up a nonprofit organization. 2.What was in Echazarreta’s mind after she returned from space travel? A. To help more people travel into space. B. To encourage the public to learn science. C. To share the beauty of space on social media. D. To make women scientists known to the public. 3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 4? A. Beat. B. Drove. C. Confused. D. Attracted. 4.What kind of person is probably Echazarreta? A. Calm and confident. B. Talented and creative. C. Humorous and outgoing. D. Inspiring and hardworking. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了工程师和科学传播者Katya Echazarreta成为首位进入太空的墨西哥裔女性的经历和成就。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view.(但工程师兼科学传播者Katya Echazarreta则是由一家非营利组织从数千名申请者中挑选出来参与此次旅行的。该组织的目标是将杰出的领导者送入太空，让他们体验“总览效应。据宇航员们描述，从太空俯瞰地球会让他们的人生观发生巨大转变。)”可知，Katya Echazarreta之所以被选中进入太空，是因为她被认为是一个优秀的人。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.(当我返回地面时，这更加坚定了我继续帮助不同背景的人进入太空、实现他们心愿的决心。)”可知，Echazarreta从太空旅行回来后，她想要帮助更多的人进入太空。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade.(她回忆说，在一个她不会说当地语言的新地方，她感到不确定，一位老师警告她，她可能不得不留级)”以及“after that, I just studied harder(从那以后，我就更加努力地学习)”可知，Echazarreta在新地方感到不确定，老师还警告她可能会留级，这反而激发了她，让她更加努力地学习。故fueled意思是“激发，促使”。A. Beat打败；B. Drove促使；C. Confused使困惑；D. Attracted吸引。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中“She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college.(她七岁时随家人移居美国。她回忆说，在一个她不会说当地语言的新地方，她感到不确定，一位老师警告她，她可能不得不留级。“这反而激励了我，从那以后，我就更加努力地学习。”Echazarreta说。后来，她成了家里的主要经济支柱。有时，她同时打四份工，只为顺利从大学毕业。)”和最后一段“She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on TikTok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series.(她曾在NASA工作，没有看到像她这样的其他女性工程师，这激发了她在公众中普及科学的热情。如今，埃查扎雷塔正在约翰霍普金斯大学攻读工程学硕士学位。她在TikTok上还有超过33万粉丝，并主持了一个以科学为主题的YouTube系列节目。)”可知，Echazarreta是一个鼓舞人心且勤奋的人。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆第十一中学校教育集团·期中）As a young girl, Ayshah grew up fascinated by the world of beauty. She had a hole in her heart — a medical condition she was born with. Ayshah’s mother was especially protective of her because of her health condition, but encouraged her to pursue her dreams. When Ayshah finished high school, the most appealing option at her local technical college was training to become a make-up artist. So, she signed up for the three-year course. While studying, Ayshah suffered the loss of her mother, which led the 21-year-old to become the primary supporter for her father, who was suffering from kidney failure, as well as for her younger sister and brother. “From that moment on, I knew I had to turn from being dependent to becoming stronger,” she says. In three years, Ayshah completed her course at the technical college, along with her training. Then a friend told her about the opening of Roseyar, an Aramco initiative that supports local women by training and employing them at the rose factory in Taif, where she lives. Taif is the heart of the rose-growing industry in western Saudi Arabia. Known as the Taif rose, these flowers are prized for their intense smell and are used by the world’s leading perfume makers. With nearly 900 rose farms, Taif has a centuries-old tradition of rose growing, and the roses are harvested to produce some of the world’s most expensive rose oil. Ayshah joined Roseyar and trained as a production technician, using the oil of Taif roses to make cosmetic products. She reconnected with the cosmetic industry she loved as a child. “I truly love knowing that I am contributing to making something so beautiful,” she says. The job at Roseyar has enabled Ayshah to meet her various responsibilities while being surrounded by the sweet smell of the Taif rose. “I’ve been able to balance having my medical treatment for my heart condition, supporting my family financially and providing for myself — I was even able to buy a car,” she says. 1.Why did Ayshah study at her local technical college? A. She had health problems. B. She had to look after her father. C. She was able to learn what she loves. D. She was eager to earn a high income in the future. 2.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The Roseyar project. B. The Taif rose industry. C. The production of perfumes. D. The characteristics of Taif roses. 3.Which of the following best describes Ayshah? A. Ambitious and responsible. B. Talented and determined. C. Reliable and generous. D. Devoted and modest. 4.What does Ayshah think of her being part of Roseyar? A. It’s rewarding. B. It’s demanding. C. It’s a stepping stone to her dream. D. It opens up new opportunities for her. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆南坪中学校·期中）At the age of 75, the Italian female traveler Vienna, inspired by Marco Polo as her spiritual model, measured the vast expanse of China’s land with her own feet, painting a vivid picture of cultural exchanges across time and space. Her heart was filled with a thirst for the unknown world and a longing for Chinese culture. This feeling came from a chance encounter with a Beijing-based international student over two decades ago, and it got stronger upon reading the vivid descriptions in The Travels of Marco Polo. The Ancient Silk Road described in the book served as a link between the East and the West, connecting Vienna’s dreams with reality. In her pursuit of Marco Polo’s footsteps, Vienna encountered loneliness, tiredness, and even life-threatening situations. An encounter with wild dogs in a foreign land left her injured, forcing her to stop her journey for the time being. However, these hardships did not threaten her. Instead, they served as precious trials that made her value each encounter with different cultures even more. While tracing Marco Polo’s footsteps, Vienna also researched deeply into Chinese culture. She visited various Confucius Institutes, engaging in exchanges and learning with local students, therefore gaining a deep understanding of the virtues of “benevolence” and “harmony” contained in Confucianism. To Vienna, both Marco Polo and Confucius were great figures who promoted world peace and exchange. Marco Polo promoted cultural exchange and integration between the East and the West through trade and observation, while Confucius advocated harmony among people with his deep thoughts. Despite being separated by a thousand years, they resonated amazingly in Vienna’s journey. “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” got new meaning in Vienna’s travels. With her actions, she explained the meaning of this saying — no matter how remote the dream may seem, one can surely reach the destination of one’s heart by bravely taking the first step and pushing forward in one’s journey. 1.What increased Vienna’s desire for Chinese culture? A. Her childhood dream. B. The Travels of Marco Polo. C. A student from Beijing. D. Interest in the outside world. 2.Why did Vienna have to stop her journey temporarily? A. She felt extremely lonely and tired. B. She wanted to learn more about local cultures first. C. She was discouraged by the hardships. D. She got hurt in an encounter with wild dogs. 3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Marco Polo’s great contributions. B. The importance of cultural exchange. C. The huge influence of Confucianism. D. Vienna’s new insight into Chinese culture. 4.Which of the following best describes Vienna? A. Creative and honest. B. Considerate and modest. C. Ambitious and determined. D. Responsible and generous. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·重庆第八中学校·期中）Donnie hadn’t expected to go to his niece’s fifth birthday party last August. He was exhausted after working long hours. But the party was being held at Scales and Tails Utah, a reptile (爬行动物) center in suburban Salt Lake City. Since childhood, Donnie has been crazy about reptiles. “They’re now the closest thing we have to a dinosaur,” he says. So, he went with his wife. When they arrived, they were led to a small indoor area with a pool of water surrounded by nine-foot-tall viewing windows. Inside was a 150-pound alligator (短吻鳄) named Darth. He swam around the pool before resting his head on a platform. For safety’s sake, Bull, his trainer, wanted Darth off the platform before beginning the show. Entering the enclosure (围场), she held out an arm and yelled “Back!” Unexpectedly, Darth opened his jaw to reveal all of his teeth. Bull placed her left hand under his jaw and tried to move him backward, a technical move she’d performed before. But today, Darth wasn’t having it. He rolled his head to the side, surprising Bull. Her hand slipped out from under Darth’s jaw and right into his mouth, and Bull was dragged into the pool. Outside the enclosure, some wondered if this was part of the show. Not Donnie. Sensing something was wrong, he threw open the glass door and climbed inside. “Jump on his back!” Bull shouted. Donnie jumped from the platform to sit on the alligator’s back, pressing down with all of his 180-pound body weight. “Push your fists into the top of his nose!” said Bull. Donnie did as he was told. For the next minute or two, they waited. When Darth finally eased his bite, Bull quickly pulled her hand out of his mouth and was helped by a bystander. That left Donnie alone on the top of the alligator. Bull shouted: “Move your hands from his nose to his neck! Sit up, then push off his back to stand and get to the platform!” Donnie cautiously sat up and jumped off Darth, moving out of the enclosure. Bull’s hands were treated promptly. Though recovered, she hasn’t stopped thinking about Donnie. Aside from a few scratches, Donnie was more shaken than injured. Still, he says, “I’m just glad I was there.” 1.What made Donnie go to Scales and Tails Utah? A. His wife’s invitation. B. His interest in the show. C. His passion for reptiles. D. His desire for relaxation. 2.What happened after Bull entered the enclosure? A. She nearly sank in the pool. B. She deeply fell into danger. C. She saved Donnie from Darth’s mouth. D. She was unable to take Darth out of water. 3.Which of the following can best describe Donnie? A. Careful and heroic. B. Loyal and determined. C. Considerate and optimistic. D. Adventurous and powerful. 4.What would be the best title for the text? A. An alligator fighter. B. A childhood dream. C. A visit to a reptile center. D. An alligator trainer’s day. 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·重庆长寿中学校·期中）I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy turn. That was when I saw a majestic buck deer standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and his composure refined. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then leapt across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature. Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be cherished. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a hurried speed. The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sun rise over the horizon and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to smile, laugh, and sing. Take the time to read, lounge, and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be so much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home. 1.How did the author feel after his interaction with the deer? A. Disappointed. B. Optimistic. C. Grateful. D. Funny. 2.The word “savored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “______”. A. suffered all the time B. enjoyed to the fullest C. discovered step by step D. challenged in every way 3.Why did the author drive slowly on that morning? A. Because he wanted to enjoy the forest scenery. B. Because he saw a majestic buck deer. C. Because snow made the road difficult for cars to drive on. D. Because he took the time to watch the sunrise over the horizon. 4.What does the author want to tell us with this article? A. The most important thing in life is to be happy. B. Living in harmony with nature is a must. C. Modern life is not as good as life in earlier times. D. Life is supposed to be appreciated. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆育才中学·期中）Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809, Shropshire, England) demonstrated a scientific talent from childhood. His keen interest in chemistry was evident even in his school days, leading his peers to call him “Gas”. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, changing how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. 1.What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A. Examining plants and animals collected. B. His desire for a voyage to different continents. C. Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D. His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 2.Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A. That he had ten children in all. B. That he lost his eldest daughter. C. His youngest kid’s being disabled. D. His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 3.What can we learn from the text? A. Darwin’s interest of study never changed. B. Darwin’s happy family gave him much support in his studies. C. Darwin’s theory of evolution was accepted at the very beginning. D. Darwin’s discoveries were based on his life and field studies. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. Charles Darwin’s changing interest. B. Charles Darwin’s life and work. C. Charles Darwin’s passion for medical science. D. Charles Darwin’s voyage and family stories 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·重庆第十一中学校教育集团·期中）Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used skin and scales (鳞)from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won this year's James Dyson Award. Ms. Hughes was very aware of how wasteful many products are. Plastic items (物品)，for example, are often made from new plastic, used once for a short time, and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead. Fishing is a big business in England, and the University of Sussex where Ms. Hughes studied wasn't far from the coast. She spent some time studying the fishing business, and the things that were thrown away. She was amazed by the amount of waste from fish that gets thrown away. After some tests, Ms. Hughes decided that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. But then she needed something to bind (hold the material together) with. She found that red algae (红藻)was the best binder. Ms. Hughes called her finished product “MarinaTex”, which is clear and feels like plastic, but stronger than regular plastic of the same thickness. MarinaTex is also cheap to make since it's made from fish waste. Ms. Hughes says that the waste from one Atlantic cod (a fish) could make 1,400 bags. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn't use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down. Ms. Hughes thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging where plastic is currently being used. Ms. Hughes is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. 1.Why did Lucy Hughes invent MarinaTex? A. To turn waste into treasure. B. To win James Dyson Award. C. To gain people's wide attention. D. To help the local fishing business. 2.What is MarinaTex's greatest advantage over traditional plastic? A. It is of higher quality. B. It is more convenient to use. C. Its production cost is fairly low. D. It can break down in a short time. 3.What can we know from the last paragraph? A. MarinaTex has been put to practical use. B. Lucy Hughes hopes for more fund support. C. Lucy Hughes intends to improve her invention. D. MarinaTex will replace regular plastic in food packaging. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. Red Algae: the Best Binder to Hold Materials B. Young Inventor Creates Plastic from Fish Skin C. Fish Waste Has Affected the Environment Seriously D. Lucy Hughes: an English Inventor Won James Dyson Award 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中）In early 2021, I hit a rut in my studies. As a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago in Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something had to change. As I began to search for the cause of my struggles, I became increasingly aware that my quiet time at the lab bench — for instance, when I was running columns or experiments — was anything but. Instead of thinking about science, I was watching television or interacting with social media on my smartphone. Although I could cover up this inefficiency with longer hours, my work felt chaotic and disorganized. I would come home from a long day in the lab and respond to e-mails or messages over dinner or in bed. This all came to a head last summer, when my inability to balance work and life led me to seek help from the university’s student mental health services. Through a combination of consultation (咨询) and personal reflection, I came to understand my problem. To regain my focus, I chose to reduce my connectivity by using a basic mobile phone without an Internet connection during work hours and removing unnecessary apps from my smartphone when I did use it. Underestimating the addictive nature of smartphones, I experienced symptoms of withdrawal when I first did this. With time, however, I began to make practical use of my quiet time. I started reading papers during long experiments, and developed a habit of writing in my down time. Perhaps most importantly, I have felt my anxiety decrease and my productivity and creativity improve dramatically, trading my chaotic work-life relationship for one with clearer boundaries and plenty of new scientific ideas. Now, even when I do carry my smartphone, I feel less forced to check e-mails or messages, and can concentrate more closely on whatever task is at hand. 1.What main problem did the author face in early 2021? A. Working long hours alone. B. Getting stuck in his studies. C. Losing interest in research. D. Feeling anxious about messages. 2.What made the author struggle? A. His addiction to the phone. B. Running columns or experiments. C. Messy and disorganized schedule. D. His inability to get mental-health services. 3.What did the author do after he realized the problem? A. He wisely spent his spare time. B. He merely used a basic mobile phone. C. He frequently reflected on past mistakes. D. He never checked e-mail s or messages. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Challenges in the Lab B. Disconnect to Reconnect C. The Struggles of a Student D. How Phones Affect Research Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆渝中巴蜀中学校·期中）Like most writers, when it comes to the written word, I feel like I can express myself exactly how I want and arrange words on paper with a great sense of control. However, my speaking voice is less confident than my written one, and I often feel shaky and tongue-tied when I’m in a new place and need to ask for directions. I never recognized this as a problem until I traveled to Mexico City. For months, I’d been studying Spanish on Duolingo and was excited to practice what I’d learned. But when I started interacting with the locals, I struggled with my words and second-guessed everything I knew. At a café, I froze when I went to order: “Podría tener un café y un…” I began but forgot the word for a “glass” of water, then my embarrassment levels went through the roof. Once home, I stepped up my Spanish learning, but my confidence continued to be easily knocked by minor mistakes. As the last effort, I signed up for private session with a tutor, Julieta. Her warm, down-to-earth manner put me at ease. “Excelente,” she praised throughout the lesson. She insisted that I speak exclusively in Spanish, so I had to make do with my very limited vocabulary and force myself to keep going, even when I made a mistake. Julieta would wait patiently while I struggled to find my words. In a strange way, the pressure was off: I reminded myself that Julieta was there to help and guide me, not judge me. Then earlier this month, I traveled to Argentina for work. With employees who had a harder time with English, my ability to do my job depended on my ability to speak — in Spanish. Something switched on inside me. I made a point of speaking Spanish whenever I interacted with local staff. Chatting with coworkers, I was impressed by how fluently I was speaking, and my determination to carry on even when I felt like quitting. “Tu español es bueno,” my coworker praised one day. And for the first time, I believed it. I was doing exactly what Julieta had taught me: finding a way to express myself even when the right or most polished words weren’t available to me. 1.When did the author realize that she should work more on her Spanish? A. When she kept forgetting Spanish words. B. When she failed a conversation in Mexico. C. When her colleague spoke Spanish to her. D. When she was learning Spanish with Julieta. 2.How did Julieta help the author with Spanish learning? A. By picking out and correcting minor mistakes. B. By advising her to talk to native speakers regularly. C. By creating a relaxing but encouraging environment. D. By checking her mastery of Spanish vocabulary constantly. 3.According to the passage, which of the following is the best way of learning to speak a new language? A. Speaking out with courage. B. Always pursuing perfection. C. Making friends with natives. D. Finding a good language tutor. 4.What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Well begun is half done. B. Early bird catches the worm. C. Learning is a lifelong process. D. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Passage 3 （25-26高二上·重庆铁路中学校·期中）My uncle George, a mentally disabled man, enjoys a simple life-no smartphones, no Internet - so communication is limited to in person or old-style phone calls. I have always shared a special bond with him. For years, George would periodically ask for my cellphone number and write it down. He’d call a bunch of times and then suddenly stop, because he had lost the piece of paper with my number on it. This went on for years, until at some point, around six years ago, he committed my number to memory. Ever since then, from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., he calls me once a day, without fail, 365 days a year. Our phone calls always follow the same structure, using one of three fantasy realities from George’s imagination. In one, he’s my dad and I’m his son. In another, he’s Major Charles Winchester, and I’m Captain B. J. Hunnicutt, reporting for duty. In the last, we’re both lifeguards, performing the rescue of a drowning person. We go back and forth in character for about a minute and a half, only breaking the bit to laugh wildly. Then he’ll go quiet. “You know something, Tommy,” he’ll say. “I’m just calling to say you’re the best guy I know.” “So are you,” I reply. We both laugh. Then, he’ll ask what I’m eating for dinner and wrap up telling me he’ll call back at a specific time. This conversation has been repeated for years. No matter what’s going on in the world, these calls are something I can count on. In my darkest moments — painful breakups, professional setbacks — that phone call rolls in, allowing me to escape reality for a bit and just laugh and act like a kid again. Though he can’t understand my adult life or daily struggles, his love remains unshakable. This love is an incredible gift. Whenever I’m struggling for life, I know George will call, telling me I’m the best guy through his phone calls. 1.What can we know about George? A. He is a life guide just like me. B. He tries to keep in touch with me. C. He is a physically disabled man. D. He wants an advanced smartphone. 2.Why does the author value George’s calls? A. They provide practical advice B. They help improve his acting skills. C. They keep him updated on family news. D. They offer consistent emotional support. 3.What does the underlined phrase “wrap up” mean in Paragraph 5? A. End up. B. Bring up. C. Show up. D. Pick up. 4.What does the passage intend to tell us? A. Role-play bonds family. B. Family love is unshakable. C. Calls make a difference. D. Disabled people brave all. 主题语境04 人与自然-自然生态 （25-26高二上·重庆九校联盟·期中）Cats, like dogs, have been domesticated and generally thrive (茁壮成长) on human companionship. George is a 7-year-old white domestic shorthair (短毛猫) that once lived in a senior living facility, but when it closed down, he was taken to a local animal shelter, where he quickly became depressed. Finding a home for the sad cat wasn’t going to be easy — his clear unhappiness, combined with his unusual appearance, was the reason for a long stay at the shelter. The staff in the shelter knew he needed a job, a job where he got to be the center of attention any time he walked into the room, so Alex and the others at the shelter searched for another senior care home to get George back to work. After senior living facilities found out the cat had years of previous experience that allowed him to avoid meow-orientation, a new staff training, they were waiting in line to add George to their staff. Eventually, the shelter chose Forest Hills Personal Care Home, and George has made himself at home. To no one’s surprise, he’s perfect at his job. “He’s a lap cat, he’s a cute cat, and he’s the kind of boy that’ll be very faithful to you and follow you around. He thrives on being with a lot of people,” Alex explains. The residents at the personal care home love him and give him all the attention he could ever possibly need. But once his shift is over, all the elderly residents are sound asleep and the night nurses are counting the minutes until they can finally rest, George begins his nightly adventures. He gets the late night zoomies (疯跑) to get some exercise before another long day of caring for his residents. Being a working cat isn’t always easy, but George manages it effortlessly. 1.Why was it hard for George to find a new home at first? A. He was too old for adoption. B. He didn’t like being with people. C. He looked sad and unusual. D. He needed special medical care. 2.What can we learn about George’s experience from paragraph 3? A. George’s past experience made him popular. B. New staff training was too difficult for George. C. George’s experience wasn’t useful for his new job. D. The shelter found it difficult to place George. 3.How does George prepare for his next workday at night? A. He sleeps with the elderly residents. B. He gets food from night nurses. C. He plays with shelter staff. D. He runs around for exercise. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. The Lonely Shelter Dog B. A Cat Returns to His Important Job C. Teaching Cats to Help the Elderly D. A Loving Animal Shelter 主题语境01 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·重庆复旦中学教共体·期中）Last year, as my then-9-year-old son, Leopold, and I were preparing for a mom-son ski trip to Keystone, Colorado, I came up with a rule: We would say yes to everything. You see, Leopold is a picky eater and can be hesitant to try new things. I was hoping to find a way to encourage him without relying on worn-out adages (格言). So I borrowed the idea of a Yes Day. Before the trip, Leopold and I agreed we would say yes to everything, including food and experiences — especially new ones. The next day, after we got settled at our hotel, I took Leopold to meet his snowboarding instructor. While he was in snowboarding school, I skied by myself. On the first day, I played it safe and stuck to the long and winding easy green run. On the second day, I thought of Leopold, who, the day before, had kept to our bargain and faced his fear of heights to learn how to ride a chairlift. In the spirit of camaraderie (感情), I challenged myself to ski an intermediate blue run. I was proud of myself for trying something new. Later that afternoon, when Leopold and I were reunited back at the hotel, he asked if we could go in the outdoor hot tub. Mind you, it was a -20-degree day, and the only thing I hate more than being cold is being cold and wet! When I started to say no, Leopold referred to our agreement. Yes, it was cold, and yes, I was wet. But it was also invigorating to feel the cold air on my skin, and the warm water of the hot tub felt that much better once we got in. Getting out was a different story, but the experience was a delight as Leopold and I braved it together. I knew it’s an experience we’ll never forget. And therein lies the beauty of saying yes on vacation: It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone. Though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything back home, where work, school and other obligations can get in the way, we’re trying to say it more. Cultivating a sense of adventure helps us live life to the fullest-even if you sometimes wind up cold and wet. 1.What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence “Leopold is a picky eater” in Paragraph 1? A. Leopold is greedy for food. B. Leopold loves unhealthy food. C. Leopold keeps a balanced diet. D. Leopold is particular about food. 2.What’s the emotional state of Leopold during the journey? A. Angry. B. Determined. C. Calm. D. Anxious. 3.Why did the author hesitate to go in the outdoor hot tub? A. She caught a heavy cold. B. She felt it embarrassed to be wet. C. She couldn’t tolerate the low temperature. D. She was worried about cold after getting wet. 4.What does the author want to convey through saying yes? A. It is unbearable to stay in the comfort zone. B. Life is more wonderful out of the comfort zone. C. You should be faced with challenges at any time. D. You should show your courage whenever cold and wet. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·重庆南开中学校·期中）I have no choice but to hear you. You’re 10 rows ahead of me in Economy Class on the plane, crying as loudly as King Lear shouting in the wild. “Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!” It seems you’re challenging the gods, the forces of nature, and the unfairness of life. Or maybe you just have a stomachache from gas. Who is with you when you “complain” about the whole world? King Lear had his Fool, and you have your parents. They look pale and tired, bending over you with uncertainty. What’s worse, they’re using their last bit of energy to argue — even while taking care of you, they whisper unkind words to each other. If they get divorced, crying baby, it’s your fault. But listen: I appreciate you. The bodies we live in aren’t always easy to deal with, right? They itch, sting, ache, and get too hot. They feel weird. They get exhausted. They make us easily annoyed. (Here’s another thing I like about you: You don’t follow the old idea that the mind and body are separate. For you, an upset stomach and a bad mood are almost the same.) I once lived with a crying baby. He’s 20 now. I used to come home from my job as a night baker at three in the morning, do a shot of whiskey, and fall into bed. An hour later he would wake me with his crying. I’d drag myself out of bed, stumble toward him, and — quite often — faint with a “thud” on the floor. Low blood pressure, as it turned out. Plus, you know, no sleep. That baby’s cry would pull me from one kind of sleepiness to another, like a strong order I couldn’t refuse. Anyway — keep it up, little “boss”. You’ve got a lot of power, and no power at all. You’re a tiny fist shaken at the heavens. Soon you’ll be talking, and language will betray you. You’ll say vague, helpless things and make bad jokes. But right now your protest is very direct, very effective. It’s going right through my head. 1.Why does the writer mention King Lear in Paragraph 1? A. To describe the baby’s loud and fierce cry. B. To explain how powerful King Lear was in the past. C. To appreciate the baby’s ability to challenge nature. D. To illustrate King Lear’s encounter with unfairness. 2.What can we learn about the baby’s parents? A. They feel exhausted after their divorce. B. They are patient and kind to each other. C. They are delighted to stay with the baby. D. They might fight because of the baby’s cry. 3.What do we know about the writer’s past experience with the crying baby? A. The writer drank alcohol to deal with his mental problems. B. The writer had high blood pressure due to the crying baby. C. The writer was often awoken early by the baby’s cry. D. The writer usually fainted owing to heavy workload. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Understanding a Crying Baby B. Raising a Noisy Baby C. Memories of My Baby D. Troubles of Parents 主题语境02 人与自然-宇宙探索 （25-26高二上·重庆两江育才中学校·期中）The 60-foot-tall rocket took off in West Texas, sending a group of six people into space and giving them a few minutes of weightlessness before they landed by parachute (降落伞). Most of the passengers paid a secret sum of money for their seats. But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science communicator, was selected by a nonprofit organization to join in this travel from a pool of thousands of applicants. The organization’s goal is to send great leaders into space and allow them to experience the overview effect, which was reported by astronauts who said that viewing the Earth from space gave them a great change in their view. “Looking down, you see everyone is down there, all of our past, all of our difficulties, everything — everything is there,” Echazarreta said. “When I came back down, it just completely strengthened my wish to continue enabling people of different backgrounds to go into space and do whatever they want.” Echazarreta is the first Mexican-born woman to travel into space. She moved to the United States with her family at the age of seven. She recalled that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her that she might have to repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she became the main breadwinner in her family. Sometimes she had up to four jobs at the same time, just to try to successfully graduate from college. She worked in NASA before and didn’t see other female engineers like her, which inspired her to popularize science among the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying for her master’s degree in engineering at Johns Hopkins University. She also has more than 330,000 fans on TikTok, and hosts a science-focused YouTube series. 1.Why was Echazarreta chosen to travel into space? A. She was an expert in landing by parachute. B. She was considered to be an excellent person. C. She supported the project with a big sum of money. D. She made great efforts to set up a nonprofit organization. 2.What was in Echazarreta’s mind after she returned from space travel? A. To help more people travel into space. B. To encourage the public to learn science. C. To share the beauty of space on social media. D. To make women scientists known to the public. 3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 4? A. Beat. B. Drove. C. Confused. D. Attracted. 4.What kind of person is probably Echazarreta? A. Calm and confident. B. Talented and creative. C. Humorous and outgoing. D. Inspiring and hardworking. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $