专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练-2026-2027学年八年级英语期中复习精讲精练（新教材外研版）

专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练 常考题型 1 Why 原因题 Why 题必须回答原因，常用 Because... 或 To.. 2 How 方法题 How 题回答方式，常用 By doing... 3 What 信息提取题 What 题要回答所问对象，通常用名词短语或简短句子 4 开放表达题 开放题要观点明确、理由合理、语言简洁 知识点一：Why 原因题 考点导学 • Why 题必须回答原因，常用 Because... 或 To...。 方法点拨 • 定位原因句，去掉无关修饰，保留核心原因。 例题 Passage: The school started a breakfast club because some students came to school without breakfast. Q: Why did the school start the breakfast club? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 1 Passage: Tom joined the reading group to improve his vocabulary. Q: Why did Tom join the reading group? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 2Passage: The park was closed because the wind was too strong. Q: Why was the park closed? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 3 Passage: The museum uses e-tickets to reduce paper waste. Q: Why does the museum use e-tickets? ______________________________________________________________________________ 知识点二：How 方法题 考点导学 • How 题回答方式，常用 By doing...。 方法点拨 • 找动作方式或具体做法。 例题 Passage: Students can remember new words by using them in sentences. Q: How can students remember new words? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 1Passage: We can protect our eyes by taking a break every 40 minutes. Q: How can we protect our eyes? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 2Passage: Jack calmed himself down by taking deep breaths. Q: How did Jack calm himself down? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 3Passage: The class raised money by holding a book fair. Q: How did the class raise money? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 4 Passage: Mary improved her writing by keeping a diary every day. Q: How did Mary improve her writing? ______________________________________________________________________________ 知识点三：What 信息提取题 考点导学 • What 题要回答所问对象，通常用名词短语或简短句子。 方法点拨 • 看问的是物品、活动、品质还是结果。 典型例题 例题 Passage: The students made posters about water saving. Q: What did the students make? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 1 Passage: The story teaches us the importance of listening. Q: What does the story teach us? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 2Passage: The robot can guide visitors and answer simple questions. Q: What can the robot do? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 3Passage: The club needs gloves, bags and a notebook. Q: What does the club need? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 4 Passage: The new rule asks students to put phones away during class. Q: What does the new rule ask students to do? ______________________________________________________________________________ 知识点四：开放表达题 考点导学 • 开放题要观点明确、理由合理、语言简洁。 方法点拨 • 先答 I think...，再用 because 给原因。 典型例题 例题 Q: Do you think students should join volunteer activities? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 1 Q: What can you do to make your school cleaner? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 2Q: Would you like to try a science project? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 3Q: What is a good way to deal with stress? ______________________________________________________________________________ 变式 4 Q: What lesson can you learn from a helpful person? ______________________________________________________________________________ 专题训练 一 （25-26八年级上·安徽六安·期中）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答 (请注意每小题的字数要求) 。 Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. In the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut too many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. It is today the world’s biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 1．What is Saihanba? (不多于10个单词) 2．Who discovered an old tree in the desert at Saihanba? (不多于5个单词) 3．What do you think of the forest workers? Why? (不多于30个单词) 二 （25-26八年级上·广西桂林·期中）Curiosity is a special part of human being. It is the strong wish to learn, ask questions, and discover new things. Just like a bright light, curiosity guides us to explore the world and understand it better. It helps both kids and adults grow in many ways. Think about a little child seeing a colourful butterfly. The child’s curiosity makes him run after it, watch how it flies, and ask, “Why are its wings so pretty?” This is how curiosity works. It turns simple moments into chances to learn. Every day, curiosity can make us notice small wonders, like how a seed becomes a flower or why the sky changes colours at sunset. Curiosity also gives us the power to fix problems. Long ago, people were curious about “How can we stay warm in winter?” So they tried using fire, then invented clothes and heaters. Today, when we’re curious about “How to make air cleaner?”, we work on new energy. Curiosity pushes us to find answers and make life better. Curiosity is a great teacher. A student who is curious about dinosaurs will read books, visit museums and maybe even dig for fossils (化石) one day. Curiosity makes learning fun, not boring. It makes us want to know more, remember more, and use what we learn in real life. No matter how old we are, we should never lose curiosity. It helps us stay open-minded and be excited about the world. So, ask questions like “What’s under the ocean?” or “How do birds know where to fly?” Let curiosity lead you to amazing discoveries. It’s a power that can change your life. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．What is curiosity like according to the passage? 2．How does curiosity work? 3．Which problem did curiosity help solve long ago? 4．Where may students who are curious about dinosaurs go? 5．Write an ending sentence for the passage. (不超过20个词) 三 （25-26八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）阅读表达。 Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. First, you can start to become outgoing with your best friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to (回应) your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Second, start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. Third, the easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place, and you may make new friends there. 1．Does the writer think shy people can be outgoing? 2．With whom can you start to be outgoing? 3．How many ways are mentioned in the passage to be outgoing? 4．Where can we go to make new friends? 5．What do you think of the people who are outgoing? 四 （25-26八年级上·辽宁鞍山·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题或完成任务。 Ants are everywhere. We usually feel angry with them. However, these little ones also teach us something. Never give up. Have you noticed that when something is in front of ants, they do not sit down or become sad? They just keep going. One day, I watched a small ant taking a bug (小虫) back to its nest (巢穴). A leaf in the way was a big problem, but the ant was not giving up. It tried very hard to work out a way. Finally, the ant got that bug over the leaf and into the nest. Ask for help. Think about it: have you ever seen an ant move something too big by itself? That never happens. When a load (负荷) is too big, the ant signals (发信号) to the others for help. Why don’t we do more of this? Sometimes, we are just too afraid to ask someone to share the load. Sharing can make our lives much easier. Think winter in summer. Ants know there are seasons. They collect food and build the nest all through the summer, even when they still have enough to eat. So when the cold days of winter come, the ants can stay in their warm nest and never worry about being hungry. They plan for their lives! 1．What got in the way of the ant when it was taking a bug? 2．Why don’t we ask others for help to share the load sometimes? 3．When do ants build the nest? 4．Which quality (品质) of ants is the most useful to your studies? Give your reason(s). (Write 30 words or more) 五 （25-26八年级上·吉林长春·期中）In our life, we may meet people with different personalities. What is your personality? Read and find the answer! A Dreamer thinks there is a “right” way to do this. This person wants to live in a “perfect world”. Many are good at listening to others and like to help others. Many work as teachers and often lead (领导) others. Famous Dreamers: Mohandas Gandhi, Angelina Jolie. A Partner wants to be in a group. For Partners, rules are important. Because they think rules are of great value (价值). Partners are often serious, careful people. Many do well as teachers and police officers. Famous Partners: Queen Elizabeth II, Mother Teresa. For Thinkers, understanding things is very important. They like to solve problems and make new things. Thinkers can also be lively. They like to win. They have very strong opinions. Many thinkers work as scientists and inventors (发明家). Famous Thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. Artists want to be free. They don’t want to keep the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. Like Thinkers, many Artists have strong opinions. They are full of ideas and do well as musicians and actors. Famous Artists: Cristiano Ronaldo, Madonna. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many personalities are mentioned (提到) in the passage? 2．Which personality wants to live in a “perfect world” ? 3．Why are rules important to Partners? 4．Who are the famous Thinkers? 5．What kind of jobs are Artists good at? 六 （25-26八年级上·重庆南岸·期中）Xiaohe is a 31-year-old digger (挖掘机) driver. He is a common man but he did something really good. He describes it in a simple sentence: “I see a hole and I fill it.” His story didn’t begin with joy, but it is full of kindness. In February 2024, Xiaohe was stuck (堵塞) on a snowy highway (高速公路) in Hubei Province. On the third day, he was running out of food. Luckily, some villagers arrived. They gave him some food and hot water, which saved him from hunger and cold. Xiaohe always remembered their kindness. He was deeply moved and wanted to do something good for others. In June, he decided to drive a digger across the Xizang Autonomous Region (西藏自治区). He wanted to help others on his trip, just as he had once been helped. One day, on the 22nd day of his journey, he came across a big hole in the road. This hole was dangerous because it could damage (损害) passing cars. Xiaohe quickly filled the hole with a bucket (桶) of stones to make the road safer for everyone. That night, he posted a video of his work online. It quickly became popular. Over the past six months, Xiaohe has repaired more than 7,000 holes in the road. The videos of his work have won him millions of followers (关注者). “Xiaohe isn’t just fixing roads; he’s rebuilding trust and hope,” said one of his followers. “He shows how one person can make a difference, even with just a digger.” 1．Is Xiaohe a digger driver? 2．When was Xiaohe stuck on a snowy highway in Hubei Province? 3．What makes Xiaohe a good person in the story? 4．Do you want to post videos online while traveling? Why or why not? 七 （25-26八年级上·北京西城·期中）Teenagers are learning new ways to communicate every day. It’s important for them to have opportunities to meet and connect with new people. Online networking (线上社交), which is very popular among teens today, creates quick and shallow (肤浅的) connections. On the other hand, offline networking, which means talking face-to-face and building relationships in person, helps create deeper connections. Teens need to practice more offline networking because it will help them become more confident communicators in person. In 2019, a survey of nearly 7,000 teens was conducted by three Swiss researchers. They found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. They suggested that teens should spend more time with people in real life. This can help them feel better about themselves and happier, and it also gives them a chance to share happiness with others. In other words, offline networking seems to actually improve a teen’s emotional health. Face-to-face communication also helps teens learn how to understand others better. Talking in person is different from texting or posting online. Being face-to-face requires someone to think and respond quickly—without the option to delete (删除) their words. A lot of communication is nonverbal (非语言的), like facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice. Teens need in-person interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal signals, which can sometimes be even more important than the words being spoken. Soon, teens will enter the job market, meaning they will need to understand both verbal and nonverbal cues (线索) in face-to-face interactions in various situations. Some studies show that the Internet can also be beneficial for social interactions. It helps teens stay connected with family and friends who live far away and can improve community communication. For example, teens might use social media to organize events or share information about activities. However, many researchers agree that too much Internet use can result in fewer meaningful face-to-face interactions. In conclusion, while the Internet offers valuable ways to connect, it’s important for teenagers to maintain face-to-face communication with family and friends. This can not only improve their well-being but also prepare them for the future. Balancing online and offline communication is key to building strong relationships and a healthy social life. 1．What does offline networking mean? 2．What did the researchers suggest to the teens? 3．How does face-to-face communication help teens prepare for the future? 4．Which do you prefer, online networking or offline networking? Why? (Please give two reasons) 八 （25-26八年级上·广西柳州·期中）When we meet someone for the first time, we learn about them by how they talk or act. But now, with social media, we often form first impressions (印象) even before meeting face to face—by looking at their profile pictures (个人头像). A profile picture is the main picture you use to stand for yourself on social media. It is the small picture that appears next to your name, letting people see who you are online. A study shows that profile pictures can tell us about a person’s personality. For example, outgoing people like to stand in fun poses and use props (道具) like hats or musical instruments. They love excitement and like to show it. Some people are more nervous or shy and they often hide their feelings. They may use pictures of their pets, cars, or places instead of their own faces. Colors in the photos also show something. Outgoing people often choose bright and colorful pictures because they want to stand out. Profile photos are a way to express who you are or who you want to be. So when you pick a profile photo, think about what you want others to see. Remember: first impressions are important and can last a long time. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．How do people often form first impressions of others on social media? 2．What can a profile picture tell according to the study? 3．What may people be like if they use a picture of their pets as their profile pictures? 4．What kind of colors do outgoing people often choose for their photos? 5．Do you think choosing a profile picture carefully is important? Why? (不超过15词) 九 （25-26八年级上·广东佛山·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should think about the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget that the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 1．What may happen if there are too many jokes? 2．How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? 3．What is also important for close relationships? 4．Why do people understand jokes differently? 5．How can we build good relationships? 十 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期中）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Doorbells are the bells for people to ring at a door. When someone hears it, he or she can open the door. Do you know that you can ring a doorbell for fish, too? Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs. But in the river, there are many locks (水闸). They stop fish from swimming through. Weerd Lock is in Utrecht, the fourth largest city in the Netherlands. When fish get there, they have to wait a long time before the lock opens for boats to go through. The lock worker there is glad to open the lock for fish, but he cannot tell when fish want to get through. So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problem—by using the fish doorbell. Under the water near the lock, there’s a camera (照相机). People from around the world can visit a website (网站) to see fish through the camera. When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen. And when the lock worker notices it, he will open the lock for the fish. In its first spring season in 2021, people around the world rang the fish doorbell more than 100,000 times. If you want to join them to help fish, visit the website and ring the fish doorbell next spring! 1．Why do fish swim along the river in the city every spring? 2．What stops fish from swimming through the river? 3．Who thought of the idea of using the fish doorbell? 4．When can people ring the fish doorbell to help the fish? 5．What can we learn from the “fish doorbell” story? 十一 （25-26八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）阅读与表达 The Four Great Inventions are major achievements of ancient Chinese civilization (文明),  including the compass, paper-making, printing, and gunpowder. They not only shaped China’s development but also had great effects on human civilization worldwide. The compass, a tool for finding directions, first appeared as “Si Nan” during the Warring States period (475-221 B．C．). This early compass was a magnet (磁铁) spoon that pointed south. In the Song Dynasty, people improved it with iron needles, making it widely used for sailing. Later, it spread to the Arab world and Europe, helping European explorers find new routes. Before paper-making, Chinese people wrote on heavy bamboo slips or expensive silk. The technology was invented in the early Western Han Dynasty, and a paper map fragment (碎片) from that time is the earliest known paper. In 105 A．D．, Eastern Han inventor Cai Lun improved paper-making using cheap materials like bark (树皮) and old cloth. This made paper popular, and the skill later spread to Korea, Japan, and Europe. Printing developed in two stages. The Tang Dynasty people created woodblock printing by carving words on wooden blocks. Then, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable clay type. These reusable pieces made printing faster and cheaper—400 years earlier than similar European technology. The technology spread east to Korea and west to Europe, helping the Renaissance (文艺复兴). Gunpowder was invented by accident in the Sui and Tang dynasties. Alchemists (炼金术士) trying to make “immortal medicine” found an explosive mixture. At first used for fireworks, it was later used in weapons like cannons (大炮) in the Tang and Song dynasties. It spread to Europe through Arab countries, changing warfare forever. 1．What are the four great inventions of ancient China? 2．Out of China, where else was the compass popular then? 3．How did Cai Lun improve paper-making? 4．Besides the inventions mentioned above, the wheel is also a practical invention in human history. What do you think of it and explain why. (30 words or more) 十二 （25-26八年级上·广东佛山·期中）请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题。要求用完整句子作答，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 “Four great inventions” in ancient China are important symbols of the country. Now China has “new four great inventions”—mobile payment, high-speed trains, bike sharing and online shopping. They are changing people’s lives in China and maybe all over the world. Mobile payment Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life because it makes their lives much easier. “My wallet is not in use any longer. I can buy almost anything I want with my mobile phone,” said Lin. “Even vegetable sellers are using mobile payment.” High-speed trains By the end of 2016, China had the world’s largest high-speed railway network. More than 2,500 high-speed trains are running across China each day. Lin Jinlong, a foreign student from Cambodia, shared his experience of traveling by Chinese high-speed train from Beijing to Tianjin. The two cities are over 100km away, but the trip took only about half an hour. “That was amazing!” Lin said. Bike sharing Bike sharing is not new itself, but the bike sharing in China is special—it allows users to pick a bike anywhere in the city and leave it anywhere at the end of their journey. It’s really easy, cheap and green. A bike sharing company called Mobike has even brought the service to other countries. Online shopping You are out if you have never shopped online. Now you can buy almost everything from websites like Taobao and JD, and your things usually come on the same day or the next day. China’s online shopping makes many foreigners feel excited. 1．What are the “new four great inventions” of China? 2．Why has mobile payment become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life? 3．How long did Lin Jinlong’s high-speed train trip from Beijing to Tianjin take? 4．Where can users pick a bike when using bike sharing in China? 5．How do foreigners feel about China’s online shopping? 十三 （25-26八年级上·北京丰台·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Young Inventor Creates Plastic from Fish Scales Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used fish skin and scales (鳞) to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won the 2019 James Dyson Award, which was created by the famous English inventor James Dyson to encourage students to try to use their creativity to solve problems in the real world. Lucy Hughes studied how to design products at the University of Sussex in England. As a designer, she knew a lot about how wasteful many products are. Plastic bags, for example, are often used once for a short time and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead. The University of Sussex isn’t far from the coast. Ms. Hughes devoted some time to studying the fishing business and the waste from fish that were thrown away. After some tests, she found out that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. She tried more than 100 different experiments before getting things just right. Ms. Hughes called her finished product “MarinaTex”. It solves two problems: the single-use plastic and fish waste. MarinaTex is clear and feels like plastic, but it’s stronger than normal plastic that is of the same thickness. It is also cheap to make since it’s made from fish waste. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn’t use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn’t take hundreds of years to break down. On its own, it breaks down in four to six weeks. For winning the contest, Ms. Hughes will earn £30,000. Her school will get £5,000. She is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. She thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging. 1．What did Lucy Hughes create? 2．How many experiments did Lucy Hughes try? 3．How will Lucy Hughes possibly spend the award money? 4．Would you like to use products made from MarinaTex? Why? (List at least 2 reasons) 十四 （25-26八年级上·北京·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The path to turning a hobby into something meaningful isn’t smooth. 17-year-old Wesley Finn from a small Oregon town knows this well. At the age of 12, he started to love taking apart old toys and rebuilding them—from broken RC cars to old alarm clocks. He spent hours figuring out how cogs(齿轮) fit and why batteries power motors, and by high school, he made simple devices for his family, like a night-light phone stand. Last year, when he heard about the State High School Robotics Design Competition—where students build robots to do practical tasks, like moving small objects and avoiding barriers — he knew he had to join. But two weeks before the competition, a major issue arose (产生): The robot’s primary sensor (传感器), essential for detecting (探测) barriers, broke. Unable to afford a replacement, Wesley asked Mr. Torres, his robotics teacher, for help. Rather than buying new parts, Torres suggested reusing sensors from old robots. Over the next ten days, Wesley worked tirelessly after school, taking apart an older robot, adapting (改造) its sensor, and reprogramming (重新编程) it for better response. He also integrated (整合) his homework—applying (运用) math to calculate speed and physics to improve balance — ensuring his robot could function (发挥功能) smoothly. On the day of competition, Wesley faced a difficult task: Robots had to move three blocks between tables while avoiding barriers. At first, his robot had trouble—the old sensor was too slow and almost hit the barriers twice. Remembering Torres’ advice, he quickly used his laptop, adjusted (调整) the code to cut the sensor’s response time by half, and restarted the robot. This time, it moved around the barriers smoothly, picked up all the blocks, and placed them exactly where needed. Wesley didn’t win first—he got second—but the experience mattered more than a prize. Judges were deeply impressed by what he did that day, so they invited him to a State Robotics Lab summer program, where he’ll work with engineers on robots for people with disabilities (残疾). 1．How old was Wesley when he started to love taking apart toys and rebuilding them? 2．What was Mr. Torres’ suggestion on the problem of being unable to afford a replacement? 3．Why did judges invite Wesley to a State Robotics Lab summer program? 4．What do you think of Wesley? Why? (List at least two reasons.) 十五 （24-25八年级上·北京·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren’t enough? If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra (额外的) arm. It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place. Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality (虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it. The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries (外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes. However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it’s still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. “When you add something new, it’s uncertain how much the brain can do with that,” says Jacob George from the University of Utah’s robotics center. 1．Where do people wear this robotic arm? 2．Why did Domi’s team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled? 3．What did Domi’s team do before building the real robotic arm? 4．What do you think of the robotic arm? Why do you think so? (Give 2 reasons.) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练 常考题型 1 Why 原因题 Why 题必须回答原因，常用 Because... 或 To.. 2 How 方法题 How 题回答方式，常用 By doing... 3 What 信息提取题 What 题要回答所问对象，通常用名词短语或简短句子 4 开放表达题 开放题要观点明确、理由合理、语言简洁 知识点一：Why 原因题 考点导学 • Why 题必须回答原因，常用 Because... 或 To...。 方法点拨 • 定位原因句，去掉无关修饰，保留核心原因。 例题 Passage: The school started a breakfast club because some students came to school without breakfast. Q: Why did the school start the breakfast club? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Because some students came to school without breakfast. 考点：原因题 解题思路：because 后直接说明原因。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 1 Passage: Tom joined the reading group to improve his vocabulary. Q: Why did Tom join the reading group? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：To improve his vocabulary. 考点：目的原因题 解题思路：to improve 表目的。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 2Passage: The park was closed because the wind was too strong. Q: Why was the park closed? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Because the wind was too strong. 考点：原因题 解题思路：定位 because 句。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 3 Passage: The museum uses e-tickets to reduce paper waste. Q: Why does the museum use e-tickets? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：To reduce paper waste. 考点：目的题 解题思路：to reduce paper waste。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 知识点二：How 方法题 考点导学 • How 题回答方式，常用 By doing...。 方法点拨 • 找动作方式或具体做法。 例题 Passage: Students can remember new words by using them in sentences. Q: How can students remember new words? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：By using them in sentences. 考点：方法题 解题思路：by doing 表方式。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 1Passage: We can protect our eyes by taking a break every 40 minutes. Q: How can we protect our eyes? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：By taking a break every 40 minutes. 考点：方法题 解题思路：原文 by taking。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 2Passage: Jack calmed himself down by taking deep breaths. Q: How did Jack calm himself down? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：By taking deep breaths. 考点：方法题 解题思路：定位 by doing。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 3Passage: The class raised money by holding a book fair. Q: How did the class raise money? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：By holding a book fair. 考点：方法题 解题思路：by holding a book fair。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 4 Passage: Mary improved her writing by keeping a diary every day. Q: How did Mary improve her writing? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：By keeping a diary every day. 考点：方法题 解题思路：by keeping a diary。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 知识点三：What 信息提取题 考点导学 • What 题要回答所问对象，通常用名词短语或简短句子。 方法点拨 • 看问的是物品、活动、品质还是结果。 典型例题 例题 Passage: The students made posters about water saving. Q: What did the students make? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Posters about water saving. 考点：信息提取 解题思路：问做了什么，答名词短语。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 1 Passage: The story teaches us the importance of listening. Q: What does the story teach us? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The importance of listening. 考点：主旨提取 解题思路：teaches us 后的内容。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 2Passage: The robot can guide visitors and answer simple questions. Q: What can the robot do? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：It can guide visitors and answer simple questions. 考点：功能提取 解题思路：回答功能。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 3Passage: The club needs gloves, bags and a notebook. Q: What does the club need? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Gloves, bags and a notebook. 考点：细节提取 解题思路：列出物品。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 4 Passage: The new rule asks students to put phones away during class. Q: What does the new rule ask students to do? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：To put phones away during class. 考点：动作提取 解题思路：ask sb. to do。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 知识点四：开放表达题 考点导学 • 开放题要观点明确、理由合理、语言简洁。 方法点拨 • 先答 I think...，再用 because 给原因。 典型例题 例题 Q: Do you think students should join volunteer activities? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Yes. Because they can learn to care about others. 考点：开放表达 解题思路：观点 + 合理原因即可。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 1 Q: What can you do to make your school cleaner? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I can pick up litter and remind others not to waste paper. 考点：开放表达 解题思路：写具体可操作的做法。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 2Q: Would you like to try a science project? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Yes. Because it can help me learn by doing. 考点：开放表达 解题思路：观点 + 原因。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 3Q: What is a good way to deal with stress? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Talking with friends is a good way. 考点：开放表达 解题思路：给出合理方法。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 变式 4 Q: What lesson can you learn from a helpful person? ______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Small acts of kindness can make a big difference. 考点：开放表达 解题思路：总结主题。 易错提醒：答案要简洁，尽量使用原文关键词。 专题训练 一 （25-26八年级上·安徽六安·期中）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答 (请注意每小题的字数要求) 。 Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. In the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut too many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert. When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here,” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as -40℃. Three generations (代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. It is today the world’s biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now. 1．What is Saihanba? (不多于10个单词) 2．Who discovered an old tree in the desert at Saihanba? (不多于5个单词) 3．What do you think of the forest workers? Why? (不多于30个单词) 【答案】1．A forest park in the north of Hebei. 2．A group of scientists. 3．They are great and hardworking. Though the climate was cold and dry, they planted millions of trees, turning Saihanba into a forest. 【导语】本文介绍了塞罕坝从森林变为荒漠，经过三代林业工人的艰苦奋斗，重新成为世界最大人工林的故事。 【详解】1．首段直接给出了相关表述“Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei.”，塞罕坝是河北北部的一座森林公园，这是原文直接提取的细节信息。 2．第二段明确提到“In the early1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert.”，一群科学家在沙漠中发现了一棵老树，这是原文直接给出的人物信息。 3．通读全文可知，三代林业工人坚持艰苦劳作，让塞罕坝重获绿色，改善了环境。我们可以评价他们伟大并说明理由，控制在30词以内。 二 （25-26八年级上·广西桂林·期中）Curiosity is a special part of human being. It is the strong wish to learn, ask questions, and discover new things. Just like a bright light, curiosity guides us to explore the world and understand it better. It helps both kids and adults grow in many ways. Think about a little child seeing a colourful butterfly. The child’s curiosity makes him run after it, watch how it flies, and ask, “Why are its wings so pretty?” This is how curiosity works. It turns simple moments into chances to learn. Every day, curiosity can make us notice small wonders, like how a seed becomes a flower or why the sky changes colours at sunset. Curiosity also gives us the power to fix problems. Long ago, people were curious about “How can we stay warm in winter?” So they tried using fire, then invented clothes and heaters. Today, when we’re curious about “How to make air cleaner?”, we work on new energy. Curiosity pushes us to find answers and make life better. Curiosity is a great teacher. A student who is curious about dinosaurs will read books, visit museums and maybe even dig for fossils (化石) one day. Curiosity makes learning fun, not boring. It makes us want to know more, remember more, and use what we learn in real life. No matter how old we are, we should never lose curiosity. It helps us stay open-minded and be excited about the world. So, ask questions like “What’s under the ocean?” or “How do birds know where to fly?” Let curiosity lead you to amazing discoveries. It’s a power that can change your life. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．What is curiosity like according to the passage? 2．How does curiosity work? 3．Which problem did curiosity help solve long ago? 4．Where may students who are curious about dinosaurs go? 5．Write an ending sentence for the passage. (不超过20个词) 【答案】1．It is like a bright light. 2．It turns simple moments into chances to learn. 3．The problem of how to stay warm in winter. 4．They may go to museums. 5．Stay curious, and the world will always be full of surprises. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了好奇心对人类的重要性，以及它是如何推动我们学习和解决问题的。 【详解】1．根据“Just like a bright light, curiosity guides us to explore the world and understand it better.”可知，好奇心就像一盏明灯。故填It is like a bright light. 2．根据“It turns simple moments into chances to learn.”可知，好奇心将简单的时刻转化为学习的机会。故填It turns simple moments into chances to learn. 3．根据“Long ago, people were curious about ‘How can we stay warm in winter?’ So they tried using fire, then invented clothes and heaters.”可知，好奇心帮助解决了如何在冬天保暖的问题。故填The problem of how to stay warm in winter. 4．根据“A student who is curious about dinosaurs will read books, visit museums and maybe even dig for fossils (化石) one day.”可知，对恐龙好奇的学生可能会去博物馆。故填They may go to museums. 5．根据“Let curiosity lead you to amazing discoveries. It’s a power that can change your life.” 可知，此处强调好奇心的指引力量。续写可呼吁人们要保持好奇心，这样世界将永远充满惊喜。故填Stay curious, and the world will always be full of surprises. 三 （25-26八年级上·河北石家庄·期中）阅读表达。 Being outgoing is good for your life. Those people who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. First, you can start to become outgoing with your best friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more and usually they will reply to (回应) your smile. In this way, you may have some talks. Second, start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you can read news in newspapers or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. Third, the easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place, and you may make new friends there. 1．Does the writer think shy people can be outgoing? 2．With whom can you start to be outgoing? 3．How many ways are mentioned in the passage to be outgoing? 4．Where can we go to make new friends? 5．What do you think of the people who are outgoing? 【答案】1．Yes. 2．Our best friends. 3．Three. 4．We can go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place to make new friends. 5．I think they are energetic and enjoy life more. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了外向性格对生活的益处，并提供了三种方法帮助人们变得更外向。 【详解】1．根据“Even shy people can be outgoing.”可知，作者认为害羞的人可以外向。故填Yes. 2．根据“First, you can start to become outgoing with your best friends.”可知，我们可以从最好的朋友开始变得外向。故填Our best friends. 3．根据“First, you can start to become outgoing with your best friends...Second, start a talk...Third, the easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，文章提到了三种方法。故填Three. 4．根据“Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place, and you may make new friends there.”可知，我们可以去公园、海滩、俱乐部、派对或其他任何地方交新朋友。故填We can go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place to make new friends. 5．开放性试题，言之成理即可。参考答案为I think they are energetic and enjoy life more. 四 （25-26八年级上·辽宁鞍山·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题或完成任务。 Ants are everywhere. We usually feel angry with them. However, these little ones also teach us something. Never give up. Have you noticed that when something is in front of ants, they do not sit down or become sad? They just keep going. One day, I watched a small ant taking a bug (小虫) back to its nest (巢穴). A leaf in the way was a big problem, but the ant was not giving up. It tried very hard to work out a way. Finally, the ant got that bug over the leaf and into the nest. Ask for help. Think about it: have you ever seen an ant move something too big by itself? That never happens. When a load (负荷) is too big, the ant signals (发信号) to the others for help. Why don’t we do more of this? Sometimes, we are just too afraid to ask someone to share the load. Sharing can make our lives much easier. Think winter in summer. Ants know there are seasons. They collect food and build the nest all through the summer, even when they still have enough to eat. So when the cold days of winter come, the ants can stay in their warm nest and never worry about being hungry. They plan for their lives! 1．What got in the way of the ant when it was taking a bug? 2．Why don’t we ask others for help to share the load sometimes? 3．When do ants build the nest? 4．Which quality (品质) of ants is the most useful to your studies? Give your reason(s). (Write 30 words or more) 【答案】1．A leaf. 2．Because we are (just) too afraid. 3．All through the summer. 4．I think the quality of never giving up is the most useful. When I am facing difficult problems in my studies, not giving up helps me keep trying until I solve them all. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以蚂蚁为例，阐述永不放弃、求助他人、未雨绸缪三种品质，启发人们学习蚂蚁的智慧。 【详解】1．根据“A leaf in the way was a big problem, but the ant was not giving up.”可知，一片叶子挡住了蚂蚁的路，故填A leaf. 2．根据“Sometimes, we are just too afraid to ask someone to share the load.”可知，我们有时不敢求助是因为太害怕，故填Because we are (just) too afraid. 3．根据“They collect food and build the nest all through the summer.”可知，蚂蚁在整个夏天筑巢，故填All through the summer. 4．回答合理即可。参考答案：I think the quality of never giving up is the most useful. When I am facing difficult problems in my studies, not giving up helps me keep trying until I solve them all. 五 （25-26八年级上·吉林长春·期中）In our life, we may meet people with different personalities. What is your personality? Read and find the answer! A Dreamer thinks there is a “right” way to do this. This person wants to live in a “perfect world”. Many are good at listening to others and like to help others. Many work as teachers and often lead (领导) others. Famous Dreamers: Mohandas Gandhi, Angelina Jolie. A Partner wants to be in a group. For Partners, rules are important. Because they think rules are of great value (价值). Partners are often serious, careful people. Many do well as teachers and police officers. Famous Partners: Queen Elizabeth II, Mother Teresa. For Thinkers, understanding things is very important. They like to solve problems and make new things. Thinkers can also be lively. They like to win. They have very strong opinions. Many thinkers work as scientists and inventors (发明家). Famous Thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. Artists want to be free. They don’t want to keep the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. Like Thinkers, many Artists have strong opinions. They are full of ideas and do well as musicians and actors. Famous Artists: Cristiano Ronaldo, Madonna. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．How many personalities are mentioned (提到) in the passage? 2．Which personality wants to live in a “perfect world” ? 3．Why are rules important to Partners? 4．Who are the famous Thinkers? 5．What kind of jobs are Artists good at? 【答案】1．Four. 2．Dreamers./The Dreamer./A Dreamer. 3．Because they think rules are of great value. 4．Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. 5．Musicians and actors. 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种不同的性格类型，包括每种性格的特点、适配职业及代表人物。 【详解】1．根据“A Dreamer thinks there is a ‘right’ way to do this...”“A Partner wants to be in a group...”“For Thinkers, understanding things is very important...”“Artists want to be free...”可知，依次提到了Dreamer，Partner，Thinker，Artist这四种性格类型。故填Four. 2．根据“A Dreamer thinks there is a ‘right’ way to do this. This person wants to live in a ‘perfect world’.”可知，Dreamer想要生活在“完美世界”。故填Dreamers./The Dreamer./A Dreamer. 3．根据“For Partners, rules are important. Because they think rules are of great value.”可知，Partner认为规则具有很高的价值，因此规则对他们很重要。故填Because they think rules are of great value. 4．根据“Famous Thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking.”可知，著名的Thinker是比尔・盖茨和斯蒂芬・霍金。故填Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. 5．根据“They are full of ideas and do well as musicians and actors.”可知，Artist擅长从事音乐家和演员这类工作。故填Musicians and actors. 六 （25-26八年级上·重庆南岸·期中）Xiaohe is a 31-year-old digger (挖掘机) driver. He is a common man but he did something really good. He describes it in a simple sentence: “I see a hole and I fill it.” His story didn’t begin with joy, but it is full of kindness. In February 2024, Xiaohe was stuck (堵塞) on a snowy highway (高速公路) in Hubei Province. On the third day, he was running out of food. Luckily, some villagers arrived. They gave him some food and hot water, which saved him from hunger and cold. Xiaohe always remembered their kindness. He was deeply moved and wanted to do something good for others. In June, he decided to drive a digger across the Xizang Autonomous Region (西藏自治区). He wanted to help others on his trip, just as he had once been helped. One day, on the 22nd day of his journey, he came across a big hole in the road. This hole was dangerous because it could damage (损害) passing cars. Xiaohe quickly filled the hole with a bucket (桶) of stones to make the road safer for everyone. That night, he posted a video of his work online. It quickly became popular. Over the past six months, Xiaohe has repaired more than 7,000 holes in the road. The videos of his work have won him millions of followers (关注者). “Xiaohe isn’t just fixing roads; he’s rebuilding trust and hope,” said one of his followers. “He shows how one person can make a difference, even with just a digger.” 1．Is Xiaohe a digger driver? 2．When was Xiaohe stuck on a snowy highway in Hubei Province? 3．What makes Xiaohe a good person in the story? 4．Do you want to post videos online while traveling? Why or why not? 【答案】1．Yes, he is. 2．In February 2024. 3．He helps others on his trip by filling dangerous holes in the road to make it safer, because he wants to repay the kindness he received from villagers before. 4．Yes, I do. Because I want to share beautiful scenery and interesting things with my friends. 【导语】本文主要讲述了31岁的挖掘机司机小何的故事。他在2024年2月曾被困湖北雪地高速公路，受到村民热心帮助。受此感动，他在随后穿越西藏的旅途中主动用挖掘机填补路面坑洞，帮助他人。他将修路视频发布到网上，不仅收获了数百万粉丝，更被人们称赞为重建信任与希望的好人。 1．根据“Xiaohe is a 31-year-old digger (挖掘机) driver.”可知，小何确实是一名挖掘机司机。故填Yes, he is. 2．根据“In February 2024, Xiaohe was stuck (堵塞) on a snowy highway (高速公路) in Hubei Province.”可知，他在2024年2月被困在湖北省的一条雪地高速公路上。故填In February 2024. 3．根据“He wanted to help others on his trip, just as he had once been helped.”以及“Xiaohe quickly filled the hole…to make the road safer for everyone.”可知，他为了回报之前从村民那里受到的善意，在旅途中通过填补道路上危险的坑洞来帮助他人，使道路变得更安全，这使他成为了故事中的好人。故填He helps others on his trip by filling dangerous holes in the road to make it safer, because he wants to repay the kindness he received from villagers before. 4．开放性问题。需结合个人意愿回答，言之有理即可。参考答案Yes, I do. Because I want to share beautiful scenery and interesting things with my friends. 七 （25-26八年级上·北京西城·期中）Teenagers are learning new ways to communicate every day. It’s important for them to have opportunities to meet and connect with new people. Online networking (线上社交), which is very popular among teens today, creates quick and shallow (肤浅的) connections. On the other hand, offline networking, which means talking face-to-face and building relationships in person, helps create deeper connections. Teens need to practice more offline networking because it will help them become more confident communicators in person. In 2019, a survey of nearly 7,000 teens was conducted by three Swiss researchers. They found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. They suggested that teens should spend more time with people in real life. This can help them feel better about themselves and happier, and it also gives them a chance to share happiness with others. In other words, offline networking seems to actually improve a teen’s emotional health. Face-to-face communication also helps teens learn how to understand others better. Talking in person is different from texting or posting online. Being face-to-face requires someone to think and respond quickly—without the option to delete (删除) their words. A lot of communication is nonverbal (非语言的), like facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice. Teens need in-person interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal signals, which can sometimes be even more important than the words being spoken. Soon, teens will enter the job market, meaning they will need to understand both verbal and nonverbal cues (线索) in face-to-face interactions in various situations. Some studies show that the Internet can also be beneficial for social interactions. It helps teens stay connected with family and friends who live far away and can improve community communication. For example, teens might use social media to organize events or share information about activities. However, many researchers agree that too much Internet use can result in fewer meaningful face-to-face interactions. In conclusion, while the Internet offers valuable ways to connect, it’s important for teenagers to maintain face-to-face communication with family and friends. This can not only improve their well-being but also prepare them for the future. Balancing online and offline communication is key to building strong relationships and a healthy social life. 1．What does offline networking mean? 2．What did the researchers suggest to the teens? 3．How does face-to-face communication help teens prepare for the future? 4．Which do you prefer, online networking or offline networking? Why? (Please give two reasons) 【答案】1．Talking face-to-face and building relationships in person. 2．They should spend more time with people in real life. 3． It helps them learn to read nonverbal cues, which are important for future job interactions. 4．I prefer online networking. It helps me stay connected with friends far away and makes it easier to organize events and share information quickly. 【导语】本文讨论了青少年线上社交和线下社交的对比，强调面对面交流的重要性。 【详解】1．根据“…offline networking, which means talking face-to-face and building relationships in person, helps create deeper connections.”可知，“offline networking”指的是面对面交谈，建立人际关系。故填Talking face-to-face and building relationships in person. 2．根据“They suggested that teens should spend more time with people in real life.”可知，研究人员建议青少年应该花更多的时间和现实生活中的人在一起。故填They should spend more time with people in real life. 3．根据“Teens need in-person interactions so they can learn to read these nonverbal signals, which can sometimes be even more important than the words being spoken.”以及“Soon, teens will enter the job market, meaning they will need to understand both verbal and nonverbal cues (线索) in face-to-face interactions in various situations.”可知，面对面交流有助于他们学会解读非语言暗示，这对未来的工作互动很重要。故填It helps them learn to read nonverbal cues, which are important for future job interactions. 4．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I prefer online networking. It helps me stay connected with friends far away and makes it easier to organize events and share information quickly. 八 （25-26八年级上·广西柳州·期中）When we meet someone for the first time, we learn about them by how they talk or act. But now, with social media, we often form first impressions (印象) even before meeting face to face—by looking at their profile pictures (个人头像). A profile picture is the main picture you use to stand for yourself on social media. It is the small picture that appears next to your name, letting people see who you are online. A study shows that profile pictures can tell us about a person’s personality. For example, outgoing people like to stand in fun poses and use props (道具) like hats or musical instruments. They love excitement and like to show it. Some people are more nervous or shy and they often hide their feelings. They may use pictures of their pets, cars, or places instead of their own faces. Colors in the photos also show something. Outgoing people often choose bright and colorful pictures because they want to stand out. Profile photos are a way to express who you are or who you want to be. So when you pick a profile photo, think about what you want others to see. Remember: first impressions are important and can last a long time. 根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。 1．How do people often form first impressions of others on social media? 2．What can a profile picture tell according to the study? 3．What may people be like if they use a picture of their pets as their profile pictures? 4．What kind of colors do outgoing people often choose for their photos? 5．Do you think choosing a profile picture carefully is important? Why? (不超过15词) 【答案】1．By looking at their profile pictures. 2．It can tell about a person’s personality. 3．They may be more nervous or shy. 4．Bright and colorful colors. 5．Yes, because first impressions are important and can last a long time. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，说明了个人头像在社交媒体上作为第一印象的重要性，分析了不同头像风格和颜色所反映的性格特点。 【详解】1．根据第一段中“But now, with social media, we often form first impressions (印象) even before meeting face to face—by looking at their profile pictures (个人头像).”可知，有了社交媒体，我们经常甚至在面对面之前就形成第一印象——通过看他们的个人资料照片。故填By looking at their profile pictures. 2．根据第三段中“A study shows that profile pictures can tell us about a person’s personality.”可知，一项研究表明，个人资料照片可以告诉我们一个人的性格。故填It can tell about a person’s personality. 3．根据第三段中“Some people are more nervous or shy and they often hide their feelings. They may use pictures of their pets, cars, or places instead of their own faces.”可知，如果用自己宠物的照片作为个人资料图片，人们可能更紧张或害羞。故填They may be more nervous or shy. 4．根据第四段中“Outgoing people often choose bright and colorful pictures because they want to stand out.”可知，外向的人往往会选择鲜艳多彩的图片，因为他们想脱颖而出。故填Bright and colorful colors. 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, because first impressions are important and can last a long time. 九 （25-26八年级上·广东佛山·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should think about the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget that the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 1．What may happen if there are too many jokes? 2．How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? 3．What is also important for close relationships? 4．Why do people understand jokes differently? 5．How can we build good relationships? 【答案】1．Some people may get hurt. 2．They usually feel relaxed. 3．The environment. 4．Because people have different life experiences. 5．By respecting others. 【导语】本文围绕“开玩笑”这一话题展开，讨论了玩笑的两面性，强调了尊重他人、注意场合与关系的重要性，也解释了人们对玩笑的理解存在差异的原因。 【详解】1．根据原文第一段“Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes.”可知，如果玩笑太多，有些人可能会受到伤害。 2．根据原文第二段“Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed.”可知，人们通常会觉得健康的玩笑能让他们感到放松。 3．根据原文第二段“The environment is also important for close relationships.”可知，环境对亲密关系也很重要。 4．根据原文第三段“People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently.”可知，人们有不同的生活经历，所以对玩笑的理解不同。 5．根据原文第四段“It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others.”可知，尊重他人是建立良好关系的好方法。 十 （25-26八年级上·河北唐山·期中）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Doorbells are the bells for people to ring at a door. When someone hears it, he or she can open the door. Do you know that you can ring a doorbell for fish, too? Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs. But in the river, there are many locks (水闸). They stop fish from swimming through. Weerd Lock is in Utrecht, the fourth largest city in the Netherlands. When fish get there, they have to wait a long time before the lock opens for boats to go through. The lock worker there is glad to open the lock for fish, but he cannot tell when fish want to get through. So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problem—by using the fish doorbell. Under the water near the lock, there’s a camera (照相机). People from around the world can visit a website (网站) to see fish through the camera. When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen. And when the lock worker notices it, he will open the lock for the fish. In its first spring season in 2021, people around the world rang the fish doorbell more than 100,000 times. If you want to join them to help fish, visit the website and ring the fish doorbell next spring! 1．Why do fish swim along the river in the city every spring? 2．What stops fish from swimming through the river? 3．Who thought of the idea of using the fish doorbell? 4．When can people ring the fish doorbell to help the fish? 5．What can we learn from the “fish doorbell” story? 【答案】1．To find better places to lay eggs./They swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs every spring./Because they want to find better places to lay eggs. 2．Many locks./Many locks in the river. 3．Mark, a scientist./A scientist named Mark. 4．When they see a group of fish waiting. 5．We can learn that science and small ideas can help protect animals./We can learn that everyone around the world can take part in helping nature. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市科学家Mark发明“鱼类门铃”，让全世界的人通过网站帮助鱼类通过水闸去产卵的故事。 【详解】1．根据第2段“Every spring, many fish swim along the river in the city to find better places to lay eggs.”可知，鱼游动是为了寻找更好的地方产卵，答案可直接从原文提取该信息作答。 2．根据第2段“But in the river, there are many locks. They stop fish from swimming through.”可知，是水闸阻止了鱼游过河流，可直接摘取原文内容作为答案。 3．根据第2段“So in 2021, Mark, a scientist, thought of a good idea to help solve this problem”可知，是Mark想到了使用鱼类门铃的主意，属于原文直接给出的信息，可直接取用。 4．根据第2段“When you see a group of fish waiting, you can ring the doorbell on the screen.”可知，当人们看到一群鱼在等待时，就可以点击屏幕上的门铃，答案依据原文场景提取即可。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，观点贴合文章内容即可。可以从科技能助力保护生物、人人都应该参与保护自然等角度给出合理阐述。 十一 （25-26八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）阅读与表达 The Four Great Inventions are major achievements of ancient Chinese civilization (文明),  including the compass, paper-making, printing, and gunpowder. They not only shaped China’s development but also had great effects on human civilization worldwide. The compass, a tool for finding directions, first appeared as “Si Nan” during the Warring States period (475-221 B．C．). This early compass was a magnet (磁铁) spoon that pointed south. In the Song Dynasty, people improved it with iron needles, making it widely used for sailing. Later, it spread to the Arab world and Europe, helping European explorers find new routes. Before paper-making, Chinese people wrote on heavy bamboo slips or expensive silk. The technology was invented in the early Western Han Dynasty, and a paper map fragment (碎片) from that time is the earliest known paper. In 105 A．D．, Eastern Han inventor Cai Lun improved paper-making using cheap materials like bark (树皮) and old cloth. This made paper popular, and the skill later spread to Korea, Japan, and Europe. Printing developed in two stages. The Tang Dynasty people created woodblock printing by carving words on wooden blocks. Then, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable clay type. These reusable pieces made printing faster and cheaper—400 years earlier than similar European technology. The technology spread east to Korea and west to Europe, helping the Renaissance (文艺复兴). Gunpowder was invented by accident in the Sui and Tang dynasties. Alchemists (炼金术士) trying to make “immortal medicine” found an explosive mixture. At first used for fireworks, it was later used in weapons like cannons (大炮) in the Tang and Song dynasties. It spread to Europe through Arab countries, changing warfare forever. 1．What are the four great inventions of ancient China? 2．Out of China, where else was the compass popular then? 3．How did Cai Lun improve paper-making? 4．Besides the inventions mentioned above, the wheel is also a practical invention in human history. What do you think of it and explain why. (30 words or more) 【答案】1．The compass, paper-making, printing, and gunpowder. 2．It was popular in the Arab world and Europe. 3．He improved paper-making by using cheap materials like bark and old cloth. 4．I think the wheel is a very important invention because it made transportation much easier. It allowed people to move heavy things and travel long distances, which helped trade and communication develop. Without the wheel, many later inventions like cars and machines would not exist.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国古代四大发明——指南针、造纸术、印刷术和火药，分别说明其起源、发展和传播，以及它们对中国乃至世界文明的影响。 【详解】1．根据“The Four Great Inventions are major achievements of ancient Chinese civilization, including the compass, paper-making, printing, and gunpowder.”可知，四大发明是指南针、造纸术、印刷术和火药。故填The compass, paper-making, printing, and gunpowder. 2．根据“Later, it spread to the Arab world and Europe, helping European explorers find new routes.”可知，指南针后来传播到阿拉伯世界和欧洲。故填It was popular in the Arab world and Europe. 3．根据“In 105 A.D., Eastern Han inventor Cai Lun improved paper-making using cheap materials like bark and old cloth.”可知，蔡伦使用树皮、旧布等廉价材料改进造纸术。故填He improved paper-making by using cheap materials like bark and old cloth. 4．本题为开放性问题，要求对轮子这一发明发表看法并说明理由，需不少于30词。可从轮子在运输、贸易、社会发展等方面的作用展开说明。故填I think the wheel is a very important invention because it made transportation much easier. It allowed people to move heavy things and travel long distances, which helped trade and communication develop. Without the wheel, many later inventions like cars and machines would not exist. 十二 （25-26八年级上·广东佛山·期中）请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答下面问题。要求用完整句子作答，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 “Four great inventions” in ancient China are important symbols of the country. Now China has “new four great inventions”—mobile payment, high-speed trains, bike sharing and online shopping. They are changing people’s lives in China and maybe all over the world. Mobile payment Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life because it makes their lives much easier. “My wallet is not in use any longer. I can buy almost anything I want with my mobile phone,” said Lin. “Even vegetable sellers are using mobile payment.” High-speed trains By the end of 2016, China had the world’s largest high-speed railway network. More than 2,500 high-speed trains are running across China each day. Lin Jinlong, a foreign student from Cambodia, shared his experience of traveling by Chinese high-speed train from Beijing to Tianjin. The two cities are over 100km away, but the trip took only about half an hour. “That was amazing!” Lin said. Bike sharing Bike sharing is not new itself, but the bike sharing in China is special—it allows users to pick a bike anywhere in the city and leave it anywhere at the end of their journey. It’s really easy, cheap and green. A bike sharing company called Mobike has even brought the service to other countries. Online shopping You are out if you have never shopped online. Now you can buy almost everything from websites like Taobao and JD, and your things usually come on the same day or the next day. China’s online shopping makes many foreigners feel excited. 1．What are the “new four great inventions” of China? 2．Why has mobile payment become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life? 3．How long did Lin Jinlong’s high-speed train trip from Beijing to Tianjin take? 4．Where can users pick a bike when using bike sharing in China? 5．How do foreigners feel about China’s online shopping? 【答案】1．Mobile payment, high-speed trains, bike sharing and online shopping. 2．Because it makes their lives much easier. 3．It took about half an hour. 4．They can pick a bike anywhere in the city. 5．They feel excited about it. 【导语】本文介绍了中国的“新四大发明”——移动支付、高铁、共享单车和网购，并说明了它们如何改变人们的生活。 【详解】1．根据“Now China has ‘new four great inventions’—mobile payment, high-speed trains, bike sharing and online shopping”可知中国的“新四大发明”是移动支付、高铁、共享单车和网购。故填Mobile payment, high-speed trains, bike sharing and online shopping. 2．根据“Mobile payment has become a part of Chinese people’s everyday life because it makes their lives much easier”可知移动支付成为中国人日常生活的一部分是因为它让生活更加便利。故填Because it makes their lives much easier. 3．根据“The two cities are over 100km away, but the trip took only about half an hour”可知林金龙从北京到天津的高铁旅程大约花费了半小时。故填It took about half an hour. 4．根据“the bike sharing in China is special—it allows users to pick a bike anywhere in the city”可知在中国使用共享单车时，用户可以在城市任何地方取车。故填They can pick a bike anywhere in the city. 5．根据“China’s online shopping makes many foreigners feel excited”可知外国人对中国的网购感到兴奋。故填They feel excited about it. 十三 （25-26八年级上·北京丰台·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Young Inventor Creates Plastic from Fish Scales Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used fish skin and scales (鳞) to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won the 2019 James Dyson Award, which was created by the famous English inventor James Dyson to encourage students to try to use their creativity to solve problems in the real world. Lucy Hughes studied how to design products at the University of Sussex in England. As a designer, she knew a lot about how wasteful many products are. Plastic bags, for example, are often used once for a short time and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead. The University of Sussex isn’t far from the coast. Ms. Hughes devoted some time to studying the fishing business and the waste from fish that were thrown away. After some tests, she found out that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. She tried more than 100 different experiments before getting things just right. Ms. Hughes called her finished product “MarinaTex”. It solves two problems: the single-use plastic and fish waste. MarinaTex is clear and feels like plastic, but it’s stronger than normal plastic that is of the same thickness. It is also cheap to make since it’s made from fish waste. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn’t use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn’t take hundreds of years to break down. On its own, it breaks down in four to six weeks. For winning the contest, Ms. Hughes will earn £30,000. Her school will get £5,000. She is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. She thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging. 1．What did Lucy Hughes create? 2．How many experiments did Lucy Hughes try? 3．How will Lucy Hughes possibly spend the award money? 4．Would you like to use products made from MarinaTex? Why? (List at least 2 reasons) 【答案】1．Lucy Hughes created a new kind of plastic called MarinaTex from fish skin and scales. 2．She tried more than 100 different experiments. 3．She will use the award money to help get MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. 4．Yes, because it breaks down in just 4-6 weeks, reducing environmental pollution, and it is made from fish waste, turning trash into useful products. 【导语】本文介绍了英国年轻发明家Lucy Hughes利用废弃的鱼鳞和鱼皮研发出可降解塑料MarinaTex，解决了一次性塑料和鱼类废弃物问题。该材料强度高、成本低，仅需四周至六周即可自然分解，荣获2019年詹姆斯·戴森奖，未来有望应用于食品包装等领域。 【详解】1．根据“Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used fish skin and scales (鳞) to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks.”可知，Lucy Hughes用鱼皮和鱼鳞创造了一种新型塑料。故填Lucy Hughes created a new kind of plastic called MarinaTex from fish skin and scales. 2．根据“She tried more than 100 different experiments before getting things just right.”可知，Lucy Hughes做了100多次实验，故填She tried more than 100 different experiments. 3．根据“She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible.”可知，她将用这笔奖金帮助MarinaTex尽快投入使用。故填She will use the award money to help get MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible. 4．开放性作答，言之有理即可，需至少列出两个理由。故填Yes, because it breaks down in just 4-6 weeks, reducing environmental pollution, and it is made from fish waste, turning trash into useful products. 十四 （25-26八年级上·北京·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The path to turning a hobby into something meaningful isn’t smooth. 17-year-old Wesley Finn from a small Oregon town knows this well. At the age of 12, he started to love taking apart old toys and rebuilding them—from broken RC cars to old alarm clocks. He spent hours figuring out how cogs(齿轮) fit and why batteries power motors, and by high school, he made simple devices for his family, like a night-light phone stand. Last year, when he heard about the State High School Robotics Design Competition—where students build robots to do practical tasks, like moving small objects and avoiding barriers — he knew he had to join. But two weeks before the competition, a major issue arose (产生): The robot’s primary sensor (传感器), essential for detecting (探测) barriers, broke. Unable to afford a replacement, Wesley asked Mr. Torres, his robotics teacher, for help. Rather than buying new parts, Torres suggested reusing sensors from old robots. Over the next ten days, Wesley worked tirelessly after school, taking apart an older robot, adapting (改造) its sensor, and reprogramming (重新编程) it for better response. He also integrated (整合) his homework—applying (运用) math to calculate speed and physics to improve balance — ensuring his robot could function (发挥功能) smoothly. On the day of competition, Wesley faced a difficult task: Robots had to move three blocks between tables while avoiding barriers. At first, his robot had trouble—the old sensor was too slow and almost hit the barriers twice. Remembering Torres’ advice, he quickly used his laptop, adjusted (调整) the code to cut the sensor’s response time by half, and restarted the robot. This time, it moved around the barriers smoothly, picked up all the blocks, and placed them exactly where needed. Wesley didn’t win first—he got second—but the experience mattered more than a prize. Judges were deeply impressed by what he did that day, so they invited him to a State Robotics Lab summer program, where he’ll work with engineers on robots for people with disabilities (残疾). 1．How old was Wesley when he started to love taking apart toys and rebuilding them? 2．What was Mr. Torres’ suggestion on the problem of being unable to afford a replacement? 3．Why did judges invite Wesley to a State Robotics Lab summer program? 4．What do you think of Wesley? Why? (List at least two reasons.) 【答案】1．He was 12 years old. 2．He suggested reusing sensors from old robots. 3．Because they were deeply impressed by his creativity, hard work, and problem-solving skills. 4．He is creative and hard-working because he found smart solutions and worked tirelessly to fix the problem. (回答合理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了17岁的Wesley Finn如何克服困难，在机器人设计比赛中展现出创造力与坚持精神，最终获得评委的认可与机会。 【详解】1．根据第一段“At the age of 12, he started to love taking apart old toys and rebuilding them.”可知，Wesley在12岁时开始喜欢拆装玩具。故填He was 12 years old. 2．根据第三段“Rather than buying new parts, Torres suggested reusing sensors from old robots.”可知，Torres老师建议他从旧机器人中重复利用传感器。故填He suggested reusing sensors from old robots. 3．根据最后一段“Judges were deeply impressed by what he did that day, so they invited him to a State Robotics Lab summer program.”可知，评委被他的表现所打动，因此邀请他参加实验室项目。故填Because they were deeply impressed by his creativity, hard work, and problem-solving skills. 4．开放性试题，回答合理即可。参考答案为：He is creative and hard-working because he found smart solutions and worked tirelessly to fix the problem. 十五 （24-25八年级上·北京·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Did you find it hard to do something because two arms just weren’t enough? If so, you might be interested in a new device, a robotic arm. You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest and control it through the muscle you use to breathe. It can move above your shoulders or to your side, depending on what you want to do, says engineer Giulia Domi from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. The arm is designed to be used as an extra (额外的) arm. It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled. Taking a deep breath tells the arm to extend, while breathing out deeply pulls it back. Breathing normally keeps the arm in place. Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality (虚拟现实), or VR. The team found that people seemed to naturally learn to control the virtual arm. The researchers then built a real robotic arm to work like the virtual one had done. Participants who had learned to use the extra virtual arm had a success rate of about 90% using the real one. So it is easy for people to learn to use it. The extra robotic arms could help people to do extra things. For example, workers could use them to control machinery for risky jobs more easily. Doctors could use the extra arms for surgeries (外科手术). Also, they could be helpful for disabled people or people recovering from accidents or strokes. However, there is still room for improvement. Although people could use the robotic arm in everyday tasks, they are as expensive as some devices like the VR glasses. Early tests showed that people could look around and talk while using the extra arm. But it’s still not clear how well people can control their two natural arms along with an extra robotic one. “When you add something new, it’s uncertain how much the brain can do with that,” says Jacob George from the University of Utah’s robotics center. 1．Where do people wear this robotic arm? 2．Why did Domi’s team design the robotic arm to be breath-controlled? 3．What did Domi’s team do before building the real robotic arm? 4．What do you think of the robotic arm? Why do you think so? (Give 2 reasons.) 【答案】1．People wear it in the middle of the chest. 2．Because it’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms. 3．They first made one in virtual reality. 4．I think it’s useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it’s easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice. (开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了一款创新的、由呼吸控制的额外机器臂，包括它的工作原理、研发过程、潜在用途以及面临的挑战。 【详解】1．根据第一段“You can wear this robotic arm in the middle of the chest”可知，人们可以将机器臂佩戴在胸部中央。故填People wear it in the middle of the chest. 2．根据第二段“It’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using your real arms. That’s why Domi’s team made it breath-controlled.”可知，设计成呼吸控制是为了解决人们在用双手的同时难以控制额外手臂的问题。故填Because it’s difficult to control the extra arm while still using real arms. 3．根据第三段“Before building the real robotic arm, Domi’s team first made one in virtual reality…”可知，在研究团队制造真实的机器臂之前，他们先在虚拟现实中制造了一个。故填They first made one in virtual reality. 4．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。故填I think it’s useful and creative. First, it can help people do extra things, like helping workers with risky jobs. Second, it’s easy to learn to use because people can control it naturally after VR practice. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $