专题06 完形填空（10空） 【期中复习】-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册基础知识专项讲练（新教材人教版）

专题06 完形填空（10空） (期中复习） 一、人与社会--家乡变化 （一） Li Ming is a 32-year-old man who grew up in a small mountain village. After he graduated from college, he decided to go back to his hometown to 1 it. At that time, the village was very poor. The road was so narrow that only one person could 2 at a time. Most young people left for cities to make a living, 3 only old people and children stayed. Li Ming first tried to improve the road. He asked the government for help and 4 local villagers to work together. It took them a year to build a wide 5 road that can allow cars to pass. Then he found that the village had a good environment and sweet clean water, so he started to develop agritourism (乡村旅游). He told people about the village online and 6 more tourists to come here. Several years later, great changes have 7 in the village. Many villagers open their own farm restaurants and sell their local products to tourists. More young people 8 to the village to work and live. The villagers live a much 9 life than before. Li Ming says he will keep working to make his hometown become a 10 and more beautiful place. 1．A．protect B．change C．control D．build 2．A．pass B．walk C．drive D．stay 3．A．or B．so C．but D．because 4．A．asked B．found C．invited D．led 5．A．rough B．smooth C．old D．dark 6．A．encouraged B．refused C．expected D．hated 7．A．happened B．gone C．taken place D．broken out 8．A．turn B．return C．get D．keep 9．A．harder B．worse C．busier D．better 10．A．poorer B．richer C．larger D．bigger （二） My grandpa often tells me stories about his hometown. Twenty years ago, life there was hard. The roads were rough, and 1 came all the time, making the sky yellow. The fields 2 water, and crops hardly grew in the dry 3 . There was a serious water 4 , so many families left their village to make a living elsewhere. Later, with the help of the local 5 , the villagers decided to change their home. They 6 bushes and trees on the hills year after year. Little by little, the sand was stopped and the hills turned 7 . A new railway has also 8 travel time to the city much shorter. Now young people are coming back, and the village is full of 9 again. “If we keep working together, nothing is 10 ,” Grandpa often says. “Hard work can create miracles.” 1．A．winds B．snows C．sandstorms D．showers 2．A．poured B．lacked C．owned D．dropped 3．A．stone B．wood C．soil D．glass 4．A．shortage B．pride C．wealth D．pleasure 5．A．museum B．government C．factory D．hospital 6．A．bought B．borrowed C．threw D．planted 7．A．grey B．green C．gold D．gone 8．A．made B．taken C．put D．brought 9．A．fear B．trouble C．life D．silence 10．A．unlucky B．unfair C．unnecessary D．impossible （三） My grandparents live in a village called Hexi. Twenty years ago, Hexi was a quiet and poor place. The houses were low, and the roads were 1 . When it rained, the roads became muddy and people could not go out easily. Later, the 2 made a plan to help villages like Hexi. Workers came and built new roads. They also planted trees on the hills because there were few trees and the 3 often blew away the earth. Little by little, things got better. A small factory started to make straw hats and sold them in nearby towns. Young people learned to sell local 4 online. Some opened small shops. Others started homestays for 5 . Now Hexi has a reading room, a health station and a bus stop. Children do not need to walk far to 6 . Old people can see a doctor in the village. My grandmother says life is 7 than before, but she still keeps her old habits: getting up early and feeding the chickens. I visit Hexi every summer. Every time I go back, I find something new. The village is not 8 any more. It is busy, green and full of hope. I feel 9 of my hometown because people there never gave up. I believe it will become 10 more beautiful with everyone’s effort. 1．A．wide B．narrow C．clean D．straight 2．A．school B．factory C．government D．hospital 3．A．wind B．rain C．snow D．sun 4．A．games B．products C．letters D．lessons 5．A．students B．teachers C．tourists D．drivers 6．A．work B．sleep C．play D．study 7．A．worse B．harder C．better D．colder 8．A．noisy B．lonely C．safe D．modern 9．A．tired B．afraid C．proud D．angry 10．A．even B．very C．too D．so （四） My hometown is Lincang, a beautiful city in Yunnan Province. It has 1 a lot over the past twenty years. I still remember what my hometown 2 like when I was a child. At that time, the roads were 3 and narrow. It was difficult for cars to pass. My father 4 take me to the town by motorcycle, and the whole trip would take more than two hours. We lived in a small old house with a 5 of space. Things have changed greatly 6 . The roads have become wide and smooth. The government has built many new 7 , such as highways and bridges. Now my family lives in a 8 apartment. We have our own car, and it takes only forty minutes to get to the town. Thanks to the development of 9 , we can now enjoy the Internet and use smartphones to do many things. My mother often buys things 10 , which saves a lot of time. I am proud of the great changes in my hometown. I believe it will become even better in the future. 1．A．changed B．developed C．improved D．disappeared 2．A．looked B．felt C．seemed D．sounded 3．A．wide B．rough C．smooth D．clean 4．A．is used to B．was used to C．used to D．uses to 5．A．shortage B．lot C．number D．plenty 6．A．in the past B．at present C．in the future D．from now on 7．A．buildings B．hospitals C．roads D．factories 8．A．small B．new C．old D．dark 9．A．environment B．technology C．culture D．education 10．A．online B．offline C．abroad D．outside 二、人与社会--著名人物 （一） Last summer, I got to know Mr Chen, a retired teacher in his seventies. People in our town all 1 him because he gave up a comfortable life in the city to teach in a mountain village for thirty years. When I asked him why he made such a choice, he smiled and said, “It is 2 for a teacher to be where children need him most.” At first, I didn’t quite understand his words. Later, I 3 that his first school had only one classroom and three old desks. Life there was hard, 4 Mr Chen never complained. He walked two hours every morning to bring books to the children. “It was a 5 journey,” he said, “but seeing the children read made it all worthwhile.” What moved me most was his 6 . When a terrible flood hit the village in 2020, he carried the youngest children to safe ground one by one. The villagers still talk about his 7 that day. Now Mr Chen has moved back to town, but he still spends every weekend 8 the children online. “I’m not a hero,” he said. “I just did 9 I believed was right. A teacher’s love, once given, lives on 10 .” His words have become a light in my heart. He is the person I admire most. 1．A．look up to B．look after C．look for D．look through 2．A．possible B．important C．comfortable D．difficult 3．A．gave up B．put off C．found out D．cared about 4．A．but B．because C．or D．so 5．A．boring B．exciting C．dangerous D．tiring 6．A．luck B．courage C．mistake D．hobby 7．A．patience B．wisdom C．bravery D．kindness 8．A．helping B．help C．helped D．to help 9．A．how B．why C．that D．what 10．A．still B．forever C．already D．never （二） Claude Monet (克洛德·莫奈) brought sunshine into painting. He was one of the 1 artists to work outdoors. That may sound usual to us today. But before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in 2 . They used models dressed up as Greek gods or heroes from history. They painted with dark colors so that their pictures would look more 3 . However, Monet and his artist friends 4 the rules. They took their paints and brushes to 5 lakes, flowers and woods in the open air. They wanted to show how sunlight made water and boats look at different times during the day. If they painted people, they always painted common people. They used 6 colors and painted quickly. For many years, Monet had trouble in making money. Sometimes he could not pay the rent (租金); sometimes his family had no heat; sometimes they went hungry. He often felt tired and 7 , but he still picked up his brush and went out to the fields or by the river. Even when other people laughed at his new style, he kept on trying. Still, Monet would not 8 . Today, he is one of the most famous artists ever. Paintings by Monet sell for millions of dollars and hang in museums around the world. People from different countries come to see his works and feel the warmth of light and color in them. We’re all 9 that Monet never stopped believing in his art, and that he taught us to find 10 in the world around us. 1．A．one B．once C．first D．last 2．A．forests B．rooms C．parks D．fields 3．A．funny B．serious C．simple D．colorful 4．A．broke B．supported C．followed D．made 5．A．paint B．watch C．enjoy D．protect 6．A．dark B．boring C．bright D．strange 7．A．worried B．happy C．relaxed D．excited 8．A．give out B．give back C．give away D．give up 9．A．lucky B．popular C．important D．wonderful 10．A．flowers B．people C．beauty D．stories （三） Chen-Ning Yang was a famous physicist and a Nobel Prize winner. Sadly, he 1 in Beijing on 18 October 2025, at the age of 103. He was a great physicist who played a part in the 2 of science in China. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui. He studied with great effort and later went to the US for further study in physics. In 1957, he 3 the Nobel Prize with his friend Tsung-Dao Lee for their new ideas in science, which earned global respect for Chinese scientists. What made Yang special was his 4 love for China. In 1971, he became one of the first Chinese scientists to visit China after years of absence. He 5 wanted to help his home country. He often gave 6 at universities and told young students, “China needs good scientists.” Yang did many things for China. He helped Tsinghua University build a research centre for physics. He also 7 a prize for young scientists in Asia to encourage them to work hard. Many Chinese students 8 him a role model. Besides his contributions to China, Yang was also highly respected worldwide. He wrote many 9 papers and received honorary doctorates (荣誉博士学位) from top universities. But he always said, “My 10 is in China.” His love for his country was clear to all. His spirit will always live on in the hearts of Chinese people. 1．A．ran away B．turned down C．fell down D．passed away 2．A．information B．development C．discovery D．communication 3．A．missed B．spread C．won D．realized 4．A．patient B．strong C．silent D．secret 5．A．lastly B．nearly C．quickly D．really 6．A．speeches B．presents C．examples D．performances 7．A．allowed B．ordered C．founded D．warned 8．A．wish B．give C．consider D．send 9．A．similar B．interesting C．simple D．important 10．A．job B．family C．heart D．life （四） Yuan Longping is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He is one of the greatest scientists in China, and people all over the world 1 him. Yuan was born in 1930. When he was young, he saw many people go 2 . So he made up his mind to develop a new kind of rice. It was not 3 for him to do the research, but he never 4 . He spent years working in the fields. It was very 5 of Yuan to work in such difficult conditions. He had great 6 and never stopped trying. Finally, his dream 7 . He developed a new kind of rice that helped 8 hunger and saved millions of lives. Yuan was not only a great scientist but also a great teacher. He trained many young people to do research on farming. He always 9 them to dream big and work hard. Yuan left us in 2021, but his spirit 10 . He is a great inspiration to us all. 1．A．look up to B．look down on C．look for D．look after 2．A．thirsty B．tired C．hungry D．sick 3．A．hard B．lucky C．late D．easy 4．A．gave in B．gave up C．gave out D．gave away 5．A．important B．brave C．necessary D．difficult 6．A．balance B．wisdom C．curiosity D．courage 7．A．came out B．came up C．came true D．came on 8．A．reduce B．increase C．produce D．improve 9．A．expected B．prevented C．encouraged D．promised 10．A．lives on B．puts on C．gets on D．turns on 三、人与自我--语言策略 （一） Now more and more students use smart learning tools to improve their study. Eric used to be a slow learner and he always felt worried about his poor grades. He tried many ways but few worked. Three years ago, he tried a new smart learning app and it completely 1 his way of learning. The app can find out what knowledge he is weak in 2 , then it prepares personalized exercises for him. Before that, Eric always 3 too much time on problems that were too easy or too hard for him. Now he can learn much more 4 . Eric also likes the online review function (功能). It can help him 5 what he learned at the right time, following the scientific memory rule. His grades have greatly 6 since he started using this method. Eric says smart learning helps him study better, but it also needs us to be 7 . We should not just copy answers from the app. 8 , we need to think on our own first. Eric also tells us that the most important thing for good learning is to have a good 9 and a right way. Smart tools are only helpers. Now, he is ready to help more of his classmates to try 10 learning methods and improve their study together. 1．A．developed B．changed C．followed D．found 2．A．quickly B．slowly C．clearly D．quietly 3．A．took B．cost C．spent D．paid 4．A．carefully B．difficultly C．hardly D．efficiently 5．A．review B．create C．achieve D．connect 6．A．increased B．improved C．raised D．promised 7．A．happy B．lazy C．smart D．busy 8．A．For example B．Instead C．Besides D．Because 9．A．grade B．result C．habit D．choice 10．A．new B．old C．strange D．expensive （二） Lin Tao used to think that learning English was all about remembering. Every day, he read his textbook again and again, 1 he could hardly remember the new words the next morning. He felt that all his hard work was 2 . One day, his English teacher asked him, “Do you believe 3 practice makes perfect? Remember, practice does not mean repeating the same thing in the same way.” Then she told him 4 flashcards and to test himself from time to time. “ 5 you can answer a word without looking at the book, you have really learned it,” she said. Lin Tao followed her advice. He wrote new words on small cards and reviewed them at different times: in the morning, after class and before bed. To his surprise, he found 6 easier to remember words this way. His teacher was right—it is like 7 a plant little by little. After two months, Lin Tao’s English improved a lot. He told his teacher, “Now I know 8 it is important to study in a smart way. It is not how long you study 9 how well you study that matters.” The teacher smiled. “I’m glad that you have found the joy of learning. 10 you keep this habit, you will make greater progress.” 1．A．so B．but C．or D．because 2．A．useful B．careful C．helpful D．wasteful 3．A．what B．how C．that D．why 4．A．make B．making C．made D．to make 5．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Because 6．A．it B．that C．this D．one 7．A．watered B．water C．to water D．watering 8．A．what B．why C．how D．if 9．A．or B．and C．but D．so 10．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because （三） Online learning platforms are becoming popular among students. Last term, my grades were not satisfying, so my mother 1 me to try an online study app. At first I doubted whether it could really 2 my study. But soon I found it was worth trying. The app designs personal study 3 according to my weak points. Every morning it pushes a small task list, so I know 4 to start. It also has a “mistake notebook” that automatically collects the questions I got 5 and explains the reasons clearly. What surprised me most was its speaking practice part. It lets me 6 English aloud and gives instant (即时的) feedback on my pronunciation, which used to be my biggest 7 . Day by day, I became more 8 in speaking. Of course, an app is only a tool. It cannot 9 for our efforts. Real progress still needs self-discipline (自律). Now I finish tasks on time and review them carefully. My grades have 10 a lot, and I’ve learned to study smarter, not just harder. 1．A．ordered B．advised C．forced D．allowed 2．A．influence B．mention C．improve D．reduce 3．A．plans B．games C．rules D．clubs 4．A．how B．what C．when D．where 5．A．right B．wrong C．easy D．ready 6．A．read B．write C．spell D．type 7．A．strength B．weakness C．interest D．secret 8．A．confident B．angry C．shy D．tired 9．A．wait B．pay C．stand D．substitute 10．A．dropped B．remained C．improved D．disappeared （四） English class was hard for Lorena. She didn’t do well in vocabulary tests, and she didn’t want to embarrass 1 .   One Monday, Ms White said that there would be a vocabulary test on Friday. That night, Lorena wrote the vocabulary on little cards and 2 everywhere. When Friday came, she only knew about half the 3 and it made her quite upset. A week later, Ms White gave some grammar homework. That night, it took Lorena half an hour 4 it. Her friend Olivia called her to ask 5 help. Lorena explained the verb tense (动词时态) to Olivia by using some funny emojis (表情符号). Olivia said, “You are so funny. Emojis are the 6 way to learn English!” Olivia’s words gave Lorena 7 idea. Lorena studied her next vocabulary list in her notebook. For each word or phrase (短语), she drew emojis to help her remember them 8 . The phrase “apple of my eye” 9 easy. Other words were hard, but she found emojis for all of them. 10 she took her next test,she thought of the emojis and wrote the English words. All the words were written correctly on the test! She was quite happy. 1．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 2．A．practises B．practised C．is practising D．will practise 3．A．word B．words C．word’s D．words’ 4．A．make B．to make C．finish D．to finish 5．A．for B．from C．on D．to 6．A．worse B．worst C．better D．best 7．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．A．carefully B．carelessly C．careful D．careless 9．A．be B．is C．was D．were 10．A．When B．Though C．If D．Until 四、人与自我-- 方法与策略 （一） Have you ever heard of Solomon Shereshevsky? He was a man with an amazing 1 . He could remember almost everything he heard and saw. His story 2 many scientists to study how the human 3 works. When a journalist asked him how he had such a great memory, he said that he could 4 each piece of information with strong senses, like smell, taste and feelings. This 5 him remember things for a very long time. Although his memory was unbelievable, it also brought him 6 problems. He could not 7 useless information from his mind. Sometimes he got very tired because of too much information in his brain. His story tells us that we are not just born with a good memory. We can 8 our memory by using the right 9 . If we keep practicing, we can also get a better 10 than before. 1．A．brain B．memory C．attention D．method 2．A．stopped B．made C．inspired D．asked 3．A．memory B．body C．heart D．brain 4．A．connect B．mix C．share D．fill 5．A．asked B．helped C．told D．got 6．A．few B．much C．many D．little 7．A．remember B．forget C．find D．lose 8．A．improve B．increase C．reduce D．keep 9．A．ideas B．methods C．thoughts D．plans 10．A．brain B．mind C．memory D．health （二） Toby wondered what was wrong with Grandpa. He was always 1 things those days. Toby was told that Grandpa might have early memory loss, and his family planned to send him to a care center because he needed special 2 . Toby didn’t like the idea. But he could only visit Grandpa now and then. The first time Toby went there, he felt a deep 3 —Grandpa sat quietly by the window, staring at an empty chair. “Look, I brought you something,” Toby said, taking out a small wooden box. Grandpa opened it slowly. Inside were old things: a fishing hook, a railway 4 , a dried leaf. “Do you remember these?” Toby asked hopefully. But Grandpa only smiled faintly. He didn’t seem to 5 Toby at all. The 6 thing happened on the next visits. Grandpa looked at the box, touched the leaf, but said little. “Who are you, boy?” he once asked. Toby held back tears. “I’m your 7 , Toby.” Grandpa nodded slowly, “The boy who brings the box.” One afternoon, something changed. Grandpa picked up the railway ticket and suddenly his eyes lit up. “We took this train to the sea,” he whispered. “Your grandma packed sandwiches.” Tears 8 down his cheeks. Toby 9 that memory might fade, but love and warmth stayed somewhere deep. From then on, he brought the box every weekend. Sometimes Grandpa forgot names. But he never forgot 10 he loved. 1．A．losing B．borrowing C．hiding D．collecting 2．A．training B．care C．freedom D．medicine 3．A．joy B．anger C．sadness D．surprise 4．A．card B．ticket C．map D．coin 5．A．trust B．follow C．recognize D．hear 6．A．same B．strange C．funny D．wonderful 7．A．nephew B．cousin C．son D．grandson 8．A．rolled B．jumped C．burnt D．floated 9．A．doubted B．realized C．regretted D．argued 10．A．how much B．how often C．how soon D．how far （三） Can people improve their memory? Many students think a good memory is something you are born with. But in fact, memory is more like a 1 —the more you use it in the right way, the stronger it becomes. Our brain works like a library. When we learn something new, the information first stays in short-term memory. It is 2 a note on the desk: easy to lose if you don’t put it in the right place. To move it into long-term memory, you need to 3 it actively. Researchers say repetition (重复) is important, but blind repetition is not enough. You should connect new information with what you already know. For example, when learning the word “harvest”, you can picture golden wheat in autumn. This kind of 4 makes the memory deeper. Sleep also plays a key role. During sleep, the brain 5 the day’s information and decides what to keep. That is why students who stay up late often feel they “forget everything” the next morning. Besides, health matters. Drinking enough water, taking walks and staying relaxed help the brain work better. On the other hand, too much stress can 6 the door of memory almost shut. Memory champions (记忆冠军) are not superhumans. They just use tricks: linking, imagining, grouping and reviewing. With practice, 7 student can do better. So don’t say “I have a poor memory.” Instead, ask yourself, “Am I giving my brain the right 8 ?” The future you may thank the present you for training your 9 today. In short, memory is not a fixed gift. It is a habit, a skill, and a 10 you can build step by step. 1．A．dream B．muscle C．problem D．accident 2．A．with B．for C．like D．from 3．A．waste B．break C．hide D．process 4．A．picture B．noise C．mistake D．excuse 5．A．throws away B．sorts through C．turns off D．gives up 6．A．push B．knock C．leave D．open 7．A．no B．every C．neither D．none 8．A．answer B．tool C．training D．excuse 9．A．hand B．heart C．memory D．voice 10．A．bridge B．wall C．cloud D．secret （四） Have you ever heard of the “memory athlete”? These are people who can memorize thousands of numbers or the order of several decks of cards in minutes. You might think they have a 1 brain. However, most of them were just normal people before they started training. They prove that memory is not just a gift, but a 2 that can be built. The secret behind their success is often “The Method of Loci” (位置记忆法). It means connecting what you need to remember with 3 places. For example, if you want to memorize a shopping list, you can imagine putting the milk on your bed, the apples on your desk, and the bread on your chair. When you want to recall the list, you just 4 around your room in your mind. Scientists say this method works because our brains are very good at remembering 5 and journeys. In fact, ancient Greeks used this trick over 2,000 years ago! It is much more 6 than just repeating words again and again. But why do we forget things? Sometimes it is because we are not 7 . If you put your phone on the table but keep thinking about your dinner, your brain won’t store the phone’s position well. To 8 your daily memory, you should focus on one thing at a time. Besides, a healthy lifestyle helps a lot. Eating fish, sleeping well, and doing exercise can 9 your brain power. So, if you want to improve your memory, start by changing your habits today. Don’t just accept a “bad memory” as an excuse. 10 your brain, and it will surprise you! 1．A．special B．small C．heavy D．common 2．A．game B．skill C．toy D．dream 3．A．secret B．strange C．familiar D．public 4．A．walk B．jump C．run D．fly 5．A．faces B．names C．numbers D．places 6．A．boring B．useful C．difficult D．expensive 7．A．paying attention B．making noise C．getting lost D．taking breaks 8．A．test B．break C．improve D．forget 9．A．reduce B．increase C．stop D．waste 10．A．Ignore B．Train C．Hurt D．Fear / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空（10空） (期中复习） 一、人与社会--家乡变化 （一） Li Ming is a 32-year-old man who grew up in a small mountain village. After he graduated from college, he decided to go back to his hometown to 1 it. At that time, the village was very poor. The road was so narrow that only one person could 2 at a time. Most young people left for cities to make a living, 3 only old people and children stayed. Li Ming first tried to improve the road. He asked the government for help and 4 local villagers to work together. It took them a year to build a wide 5 road that can allow cars to pass. Then he found that the village had a good environment and sweet clean water, so he started to develop agritourism (乡村旅游). He told people about the village online and 6 more tourists to come here. Several years later, great changes have 7 in the village. Many villagers open their own farm restaurants and sell their local products to tourists. More young people 8 to the village to work and live. The villagers live a much 9 life than before. Li Ming says he will keep working to make his hometown become a 10 and more beautiful place. 1．A．protect B．change C．control D．build 2．A．pass B．walk C．drive D．stay 3．A．or B．so C．but D．because 4．A．asked B．found C．invited D．led 5．A．rough B．smooth C．old D．dark 6．A．encouraged B．refused C．expected D．hated 7．A．happened B．gone C．taken place D．broken out 8．A．turn B．return C．get D．keep 9．A．harder B．worse C．busier D．better 10．A．poorer B．richer C．larger D．bigger 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 【解析】本文讲述了李明大学毕业后回到贫困家乡，带领村民修路、发展乡村旅游，使村庄发生巨大变化的故事，展现了乡村振兴的积极成果。 1．句意：大学毕业后，他决定回到家乡改变它。 根据下文“Li Ming first tried to improve the road.”“he started to develop agritourism”以及“great changes have...in the village”可知，李明回乡的初衷是改变家乡贫困落后的面貌，change“改变”符合语境。protect“保护”；control“控制”；build“建设”，均不如“改变”契合全文围绕家乡发生巨大变化的主题。 2．句意：路太窄了，一次只能一个人通过。 根据“The road was so narrow”可知，路窄到一次只能一个人通过，pass“通过”符合语境。walk“走”；drive“开车”；stay“停留”，均不如“通过”符合窄路的语境。 3．句意：大多数年轻人离开去城市谋生，所以只有老人和孩子留了下来。 根据“Most young people left for cities to make a living”和“only old people and children stayed”可知，前后为因果关系，so“所以”符合语境。or“或者”表选择；but“但是”表转折；because“因为”表原因，但因果顺序反了，均不符合此处逻辑。 4．句意：他向政府求助，并带领当地村民一起干活。 根据“He asked the government for help and...local villagers to work together.”可知，李明作为回乡带头人，组织和带领村民一起修路，led“带领”符合语境。asked“要求”；found“发现”；invited“邀请”，均不如“带领”契合李明作为乡村振兴带头人的角色。 5．句意：他们花了一年时间修建了一条宽阔平坦、能让汽车通行的路。 根据“a wide...road that can allow cars to pass”可知，这条路宽阔且能让汽车通行，smooth“平坦的”符合语境。rough“崎岖的”；old“旧的”；dark“黑暗的”，均不符合新建宽阔道路的特征。 6．句意：他在网上向人们介绍这个村庄，并鼓励更多游客来这里。 根据“more tourists to come here”可知，李明鼓励游客来村里，encouraged“鼓励”符合语境。refused“拒绝”；expected“期待”；hated“讨厌”，均不符合吸引游客来村的语境。 7．句意：几年后，村里发生了巨大的变化。 take place“发生”为固定搭配，且与great changes搭配，taken place符合语境。happened多用来指偶然发生的事件，不符合村庄变化是人为主动推动产生的语境；gone“去”；broken out“爆发”，均不符合“发生巨大变化”的固定表达。 8．句意：更多年轻人回到村里工作和生活。 根据“More young people...to the village to work and live.”可知，年轻人回到村里，return“返回”符合语境。turn“转”；get“得到”；keep“保持”，均不符合回到村里的语境。 9．句意：村民们过着比以前好得多的生活。 根据“great changes have...in the village”和“Many villagers open their own farm restaurants”可知，村民生活变好了，better“更好的”符合语境。harder“更难的”；worse“更差的”；busier“更忙的”，均不符合村庄发生积极变化的语境。 10．句意：李明说他将继续努力，让家乡变得更富裕、更美丽。 根据“and more beautiful place”可知，这里需要一个与more beautiful并列的褒义比较级，richer“更富裕的”符合语境。poorer“更穷的”不符合村庄发展向好的语境；larger“更大的”、bigger“更大的”均与前文发展经济、提升村民生活水平的语境不符。 （二） My grandpa often tells me stories about his hometown. Twenty years ago, life there was hard. The roads were rough, and 1 came all the time, making the sky yellow. The fields 2 water, and crops hardly grew in the dry 3 . There was a serious water 4 , so many families left their village to make a living elsewhere. Later, with the help of the local 5 , the villagers decided to change their home. They 6 bushes and trees on the hills year after year. Little by little, the sand was stopped and the hills turned 7 . A new railway has also 8 travel time to the city much shorter. Now young people are coming back, and the village is full of 9 again. “If we keep working together, nothing is 10 ,” Grandpa often says. “Hard work can create miracles.” 1．A．winds B．snows C．sandstorms D．showers 2．A．poured B．lacked C．owned D．dropped 3．A．stone B．wood C．soil D．glass 4．A．shortage B．pride C．wealth D．pleasure 5．A．museum B．government C．factory D．hospital 6．A．bought B．borrowed C．threw D．planted 7．A．grey B．green C．gold D．gone 8．A．made B．taken C．put D．brought 9．A．fear B．trouble C．life D．silence 10．A．unlucky B．unfair C．unnecessary D．impossible 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【解析】本文讲述爷爷家乡二十年前环境恶劣，风沙缺水，村民们在当地政府帮助下植树治沙，环境得到改善，村子重焕生机，告诉我们努力可以创造奇迹。 1．句意：道路崎岖，沙尘暴一直来袭，把天空染成黄色。 根据后文“making the sky yellow”以及后文“the sand was stopped”，能判断是沙尘暴，应选sandstorms。winds意为“大风”；snows意为“雪”；showers意为“阵雨”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：田地缺水，庄稼在干燥的土壤里几乎无法生长。 根据后文“There was a serious water shortage”，说明田地缺水，lacked表示“缺少”，应选lacked。poured意为“倾倒”；owned意为“拥有”；dropped意为“掉落”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：田地缺水，庄稼在干燥的土壤里几乎无法生长。 庄稼是生长在土壤里，soil意为土壤，应选soil。stone意为“石头”；wood意为“木头”；glass意为“玻璃”，均不符合文意。 4．句意：这里缺水情况严重，所以很多家庭离开村子去外地谋生。 water shortage是固定搭配，意为“缺水”，应选shortage。pride意为“骄傲”；wealth意为“财富”；pleasure意为“快乐”，均不符合文意。 5．句意：后来，在当地政府的帮助下，村民们决定改造家园。 结合语境，一般是政府帮扶乡村环境改造，应选government。museum意为“博物馆”；factory意为“工厂”；hospital意为“医院”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：他们年复一年在山上种植灌木和树木。 植树用plant，应选planted。bought意为“购买”；borrowed意为“借”；threw意为“扔”，均不符合文意。 7．句意：渐渐地沙子被挡住，小山变绿了。 种树之后山体变绿，应选green。grey意为“灰色的”；gold意为“金色的”；gone意为“消失的”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：一条新铁路也大大缩短了去往城市的出行时间。 make sth.+adj. 使某物……，make travel time shorter，应选made。taken意为“拿走”；put意为“放置”；brought意为“带来”，均不符合该搭配。 9．句意：现在年轻人回来了，村庄再次充满生机。 full of life表示充满生机，应选life。fear意为“恐惧”；trouble意为“麻烦”；silence意为“寂静”，均不符合文意。 10．句意：爷爷经常说：“如果我们齐心协力，没有什么是不可能的。努力能创造奇迹。” nothing is impossible 没有什么不可能，应选impossible。unlucky意为“不幸的”；unfair意为“不公平的”；unnecessary意为“不必要的”，均不符合语境。 （三） My grandparents live in a village called Hexi. Twenty years ago, Hexi was a quiet and poor place. The houses were low, and the roads were 1 . When it rained, the roads became muddy and people could not go out easily. Later, the 2 made a plan to help villages like Hexi. Workers came and built new roads. They also planted trees on the hills because there were few trees and the 3 often blew away the earth. Little by little, things got better. A small factory started to make straw hats and sold them in nearby towns. Young people learned to sell local 4 online. Some opened small shops. Others started homestays for 5 . Now Hexi has a reading room, a health station and a bus stop. Children do not need to walk far to 6 . Old people can see a doctor in the village. My grandmother says life is 7 than before, but she still keeps her old habits: getting up early and feeding the chickens. I visit Hexi every summer. Every time I go back, I find something new. The village is not 8 any more. It is busy, green and full of hope. I feel 9 of my hometown because people there never gave up. I believe it will become 10 more beautiful with everyone’s effort. 1．A．wide B．narrow C．clean D．straight 2．A．school B．factory C．government D．hospital 3．A．wind B．rain C．snow D．sun 4．A．games B．products C．letters D．lessons 5．A．students B．teachers C．tourists D．drivers 6．A．work B．sleep C．play D．study 7．A．worse B．harder C．better D．colder 8．A．noisy B．lonely C．safe D．modern 9．A．tired B．afraid C．proud D．angry 10．A．even B．very C．too D．so 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文讲述作者家乡河西村二十年来的巨大变化。从贫穷落后到如今繁荣美丽，体现了政府帮扶与村民努力带来的美好生活。 1．句意：房子很低，道路很窄。 根据“Twenty years ago, Hexi was a quiet and poor place”及后文“muddy”，可知过去路况差。贫穷村庄道路通常狭窄，应用narrow“狭窄的”。wide“宽阔的”、clean“干净的”、straight“笔直的”不符合贫穷语境。 2．句意：后来，政府制定了一个计划来帮助像河西这样的村庄。 根据“made a plan to help villages”及修路植树等公共设施建设，可知是政府行为，应用government“政府”。school“学校”、factory“工厂”、hospital“医院”无权制定此类计划。 3．句意：他们也在山上种树，因为树木稀少，大风经常把泥土吹走。 根据“blew away the earth”，吹走泥土的是风，应用wind。rain“雨”、snow“雪”、sun“太阳”无法执行“吹”的动作。 4．句意：年轻人学会在网上销售当地产品。 根据前文“make straw hats”及“sell”，可知销售的是当地生产的物品，应用products“产品”。games“游戏”、letters“信件”、lessons“课程”不符合当地特产语境。 5．句意：另一些人为游客开办民宿。 根据homestays“民宿”，其服务对象通常是来参观的游客，应用tourists“游客”。students“学生”、teachers“老师”、drivers“司机”不是民宿的主要目标群体。 6．句意：孩子们不用走远就可以学习。 根据主语“Children”及村庄设施改善，通常指学习更方便，应用study“学习”。work“工作”、sleep“睡觉”、play“玩耍”均不符合。 7．句意：奶奶说生活比以前更好了，但是她依然保留老习惯：早起和喂鸡。 根据全文描述村庄变好，设施完善，可知生活质量提高，应用better“更好”。worse“更差”、harder“更难”、colder“更冷”均为负面描述，不符合文意。 8．句意：村庄不再冷清了。 根据后文“It is busy”，busy与lonely形成对比，应用lonely“冷清的”。noisy“吵闹的”、safe“安全的”、modern“现代的”无法与busy形成合理对比。 9．句意：我为我的家乡感到自豪，因为这里的人们从未放弃。 根据“feel...of”及家乡变好，应填proud“骄傲的”，构成feel proud of。tired“疲惫的”、afraid“害怕的”、angry“生气的”情感色彩不符。 10．句意：我相信在所有人的努力下，它甚至会变得更加美丽。 根据“more beautiful”为比较级，even可修饰比较级表示程度加深。very、too、so通常修饰原级。 （四） My hometown is Lincang, a beautiful city in Yunnan Province. It has 1 a lot over the past twenty years. I still remember what my hometown 2 like when I was a child. At that time, the roads were 3 and narrow. It was difficult for cars to pass. My father 4 take me to the town by motorcycle, and the whole trip would take more than two hours. We lived in a small old house with a 5 of space. Things have changed greatly 6 . The roads have become wide and smooth. The government has built many new 7 , such as highways and bridges. Now my family lives in a 8 apartment. We have our own car, and it takes only forty minutes to get to the town. Thanks to the development of 9 , we can now enjoy the Internet and use smartphones to do many things. My mother often buys things 10 , which saves a lot of time. I am proud of the great changes in my hometown. I believe it will become even better in the future. 1．A．changed B．developed C．improved D．disappeared 2．A．looked B．felt C．seemed D．sounded 3．A．wide B．rough C．smooth D．clean 4．A．is used to B．was used to C．used to D．uses to 5．A．shortage B．lot C．number D．plenty 6．A．in the past B．at present C．in the future D．from now on 7．A．buildings B．hospitals C．roads D．factories 8．A．small B．new C．old D．dark 9．A．environment B．technology C．culture D．education 10．A．online B．offline C．abroad D．outside 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【解析】本文讲述作者家乡临沧过去二十年的巨大变化，通过道路、住房及科技生活的今昔对比，展现家乡发展，表达作者对家乡变化的自豪之情。 1．句意：在过去的二十年里，它变化很大。 根据后文通篇讲述家乡发生的各类变化，应用changed。developed意为“发展”，improved意为“改善”，disappeared意为“消失”，不符合语境。 2．句意：我仍然记得我小时候家乡是什么样子。 根据固定句型what...look like，表示“……是什么样子”，应用looked。felt意为“感觉”，seemed意为“似乎”，sounded意为“听起来”，无法用于该句型。 3．句意：在那个时候，道路坑洼不平而且狭窄。 根据并列词narrow以及后文汽车很难通行，是描述过去路况差，应用rough。wide意为“宽的”，smooth意为“平坦的”，clean意为“干净的”，不符合过去路况的文意。 4．句意：我的爸爸过去常常骑摩托车带我去镇上，全程要花两个多小时。 根据上下文，句子描述童年时期经常发生、现在不再出现的动作，应用used to。be used to+动词原形，意为“被用来做”，不符合语境。 5．句意：我们住在一间老旧的小房子里，空间不足。 根据前文a small old house可知房子狭小，应用shortage。lot构成a lot of意为“大量”，number构成a number of意为“许多”，plenty构成plenty of意为“大量”，和房子狭小的信息矛盾。 6．句意：目前，情况已经发生了巨大的改变。 根据上下文，前面回忆过去，本句转到当下的现状，应用at present。in the past意为“在过去”，in the future意为“在将来”，from now on意为“从今以后”，不符合上下文时间逻辑。 7．句意：政府修建了许多新的道路，例如高速公路和桥梁。 根据后文举例highways and bridges都属于道路范畴，应用roads。buildings意为“建筑物”，hospitals意为“医院”，factories意为“工厂”，和后面例子不匹配。 8．句意：现在我们一家住在一套新的公寓里。 根据和从前老旧的小房子作对比，应用new。small意为“小的”，old意为“旧的”，dark意为“黑暗的”，不符合对比的文意。 9．句意：多亏科技的发展，我们现在可以使用互联网、智能手机做很多事情。 根据后文the Internet and smartphones都属于科技产物，应用technology。environment意为“环境”，culture意为“文化”，education意为“教育”，不符合后文提示信息。 10．句意：我的妈妈经常在网上购物，这节省了很多时间。 根据前文互联网、智能手机的提示，应用online。offline意为“线下”，abroad意为“在国外”，outside意为“在外面”，不符合语境。 二、人与社会--著名人物 （一） Last summer, I got to know Mr Chen, a retired teacher in his seventies. People in our town all 1 him because he gave up a comfortable life in the city to teach in a mountain village for thirty years. When I asked him why he made such a choice, he smiled and said, “It is 2 for a teacher to be where children need him most.” At first, I didn’t quite understand his words. Later, I 3 that his first school had only one classroom and three old desks. Life there was hard, 4 Mr Chen never complained. He walked two hours every morning to bring books to the children. “It was a 5 journey,” he said, “but seeing the children read made it all worthwhile.” What moved me most was his 6 . When a terrible flood hit the village in 2020, he carried the youngest children to safe ground one by one. The villagers still talk about his 7 that day. Now Mr Chen has moved back to town, but he still spends every weekend 8 the children online. “I’m not a hero,” he said. “I just did 9 I believed was right. A teacher’s love, once given, lives on 10 .” His words have become a light in my heart. He is the person I admire most. 1．A．look up to B．look after C．look for D．look through 2．A．possible B．important C．comfortable D．difficult 3．A．gave up B．put off C．found out D．cared about 4．A．but B．because C．or D．so 5．A．boring B．exciting C．dangerous D．tiring 6．A．luck B．courage C．mistake D．hobby 7．A．patience B．wisdom C．bravery D．kindness 8．A．helping B．help C．helped D．to help 9．A．how B．why C．that D．what 10．A．still B．forever C．already D．never 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【解析】本文讲述了退休教师陈先生放弃城市生活，在山村支教三十年，并在洪水中勇敢救人的感人故事，体现了师爱的伟大与永恒。 1．句意：镇上的人都尊敬他，因为他放弃城市舒适生活去山村支教三十年。 根据“he gave up a comfortable life...to teach in a mountain village”，可知他的行为值得敬佩，look up to“尊敬；仰慕”，符合语境。look after“照顾”；look for“寻找”；look through“浏览；看穿”，均不符合对他高尚行为的反应。 2．句意：当我问他为何做出这样的选择时，他笑着说：“老师待在孩子们最需要的地方是重要的。” 根据“where children need him most”可知，这是陈老师对教师职责的价值判断，强调责任的重要性，important“重要的”，符合语境。possible“可能”；comfortable“舒适”；difficult“困难”，均无法体现这种使命感。 3．句意：后来，我发现他的第一所学校只有一间教室和三张旧桌子。 根据后文对学校艰苦条件的具体描述，可知是作者了解到了事实，found out“发现；查明”，符合语境。gave up“放弃”；put off“推迟”；cared about“关心”，均不符合了解情况的逻辑。 4．句意：那里的生活很艰苦，但陈老师从不抱怨。 根据“Life there was hard”与“never complained”之间存在转折关系，虽苦却不怨，but“但是”，符合逻辑。because“因为”；or“或者”；so“所以”，均逻辑关系不符。 5．句意：他说：“这是一段累人的旅程，但看到孩子们读书一切都值得。” 根据“walked two hours every morning”可知，每天步行两小时侧重体力消耗，长距离步行通常是疲惫的，tiring“累人的”，符合逻辑。boring“无聊”；exciting“兴奋”；dangerous“危险”，均未体现体力付出的特点。 6．句意：最让我感动的是他的勇气。 根据后文洪水发生时他救孩子的行为，可知危难时刻救人体现勇气，courage“勇气”，符合语境。luck“运气”；mistake“错误”；hobby“爱好”，均与救人行为无关。 7．句意：村民们至今仍谈论他那天的勇敢。 根据前文洪水救人的情节，村民谈论的是他的英勇表现，bravery“勇敢”与上文courage呼应，符合语境。patience“耐心”；wisdom“智慧”；kindness“善良”，均不能准确概括救人行为。 8．句意：如今陈先生已经搬回镇上，但他仍每个周末花费时间在线帮助孩子们。 根据句中的“spends”，结合固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth”可知此处需用动名词，helping符合题意。其他选项均形式不对。 9．句意：我只做了我认为正确的事。 根据句子结构，did后缺宾语，从句中缺主语，需用what指代“事情”。how“如何”；why“为什么”；that“那”，均无法充当成分或语意不通。 10．句意：师爱一旦给予，便永远存续。 根据“lives on”及文章升华主题，可知爱会持久流传，forever“永远”，符合对爱永恒的描述。still“仍然”；already“已经”；never“从不”，均无法体现时间的延续性。 （二） Claude Monet (克洛德·莫奈) brought sunshine into painting. He was one of the 1 artists to work outdoors. That may sound usual to us today. But before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in 2 . They used models dressed up as Greek gods or heroes from history. They painted with dark colors so that their pictures would look more 3 . However, Monet and his artist friends 4 the rules. They took their paints and brushes to 5 lakes, flowers and woods in the open air. They wanted to show how sunlight made water and boats look at different times during the day. If they painted people, they always painted common people. They used 6 colors and painted quickly. For many years, Monet had trouble in making money. Sometimes he could not pay the rent (租金); sometimes his family had no heat; sometimes they went hungry. He often felt tired and 7 , but he still picked up his brush and went out to the fields or by the river. Even when other people laughed at his new style, he kept on trying. Still, Monet would not 8 . Today, he is one of the most famous artists ever. Paintings by Monet sell for millions of dollars and hang in museums around the world. People from different countries come to see his works and feel the warmth of light and color in them. We’re all 9 that Monet never stopped believing in his art, and that he taught us to find 10 in the world around us. 1．A．one B．once C．first D．last 2．A．forests B．rooms C．parks D．fields 3．A．funny B．serious C．simple D．colorful 4．A．broke B．supported C．followed D．made 5．A．paint B．watch C．enjoy D．protect 6．A．dark B．boring C．bright D．strange 7．A．worried B．happy C．relaxed D．excited 8．A．give out B．give back C．give away D．give up 9．A．lucky B．popular C．important D．wonderful 10．A．flowers B．people C．beauty D．stories 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文介绍了印象派画家莫奈的创新绘画风格、生前面临的困境以及他坚持不懈的精神，最终获得了世界的认可。 1．句意：他是最早从事户外工作的艺术家之一。 根据后文“before 1870, most artists did all their paintings in…”可知之前很少有人户外作画，莫奈是先驱之一。one of the first…意为“最早……之一”。应用first“第一”。last“最后”，与语境相反；one“一”是基数词，once“曾经”是副词，均不符合语法要求。 2．句意：但是在1870年以前，大多数艺术家都在室内作画。 根据前文“work outdoors”及转折连词“But”可知，此处指与户外相对的室内，rooms“房间”符合语境。forests“森林”、parks“公园”、fields“田野”，均为户外场所，逻辑不通。 3．句意：他们用深色以便画作看起来更严肃。 根据前文“models dressed up as Greek gods or heroes”可知题材庄重，深色配合庄重题材显得严肃。serious“严肃的”符合语境。funny“有趣的”、simple“简单的”、colorful“色彩丰富的”，与用深色的目的不符。 4．句意：然而，莫奈和他的艺术家朋友们打破了规则。 根据However可知表示转折，前文讲旧规则，此处指他们创新，即打破旧规则。broke“打破（规则）”符合语境。supported“支持”、followed“遵循”、made“制作”，均与文意相悖。 5．句意：他们带着颜料和画笔去户外画湖泊、花朵和树林。 根据“took their paints and brushes”可知画家带工具的目的是为了作画，paint“绘画”符合语境。watch“观看”、enjoy“欣赏”、protect“保护”，均不符合创作的动作。 6．句意：他们使用明亮的颜色并且画得很快。 根据前文“brought sunshine into painting”及与传统“dark colors”对比可知，印象派的特点是用色明亮。bright“明亮的”符合语境。dark“深色的”、boring“乏味的”、strange“奇怪的”，均不符合。 7．句意：他经常感到疲惫和担忧，但他仍然拿起画笔，走向田野或河边。 根据前文“trouble in making money…no heat…hungry”可知莫奈生活困窘，心情应是担忧。worried“担忧的”符合。happy“开心的”、relaxed“放松的”、excited“兴奋的”，均与处境不符。 8．句意：然而，莫奈不会放弃。 根据“kept on trying”可知他坚持到底，没有放弃。give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。give out“分发”、give back“归还”、give away“赠送”，均不符合。 9．句意：我们都很幸运，莫奈从未停止对艺术的信念，并且他教会了我们去发现周围世界中的美。 根据后文他的画作价值连城且带给人们温暖可知，他的坚持对人类是幸事，lucky“幸运的”符合语境。popular“受欢迎的”、important“重要的”、wonderful“精彩的”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：我们都很幸运，莫奈从未停止对艺术的信念，并且他教会了我们去发现周围世界中的美。 根据全文主旨“feel the warmth of light and color”可知艺术教会人们欣赏世界的美好，beauty“美”概括性最强，符合主题。flowers“花朵”、people“人们”、stories“故事”，均不能概括核心寓意。 （三） Chen-Ning Yang was a famous physicist and a Nobel Prize winner. Sadly, he 1 in Beijing on 18 October 2025, at the age of 103. He was a great physicist who played a part in the 2 of science in China. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui. He studied with great effort and later went to the US for further study in physics. In 1957, he 3 the Nobel Prize with his friend Tsung-Dao Lee for their new ideas in science, which earned global respect for Chinese scientists. What made Yang special was his 4 love for China. In 1971, he became one of the first Chinese scientists to visit China after years of absence. He 5 wanted to help his home country. He often gave 6 at universities and told young students, “China needs good scientists.” Yang did many things for China. He helped Tsinghua University build a research centre for physics. He also 7 a prize for young scientists in Asia to encourage them to work hard. Many Chinese students 8 him a role model. Besides his contributions to China, Yang was also highly respected worldwide. He wrote many 9 papers and received honorary doctorates (荣誉博士学位) from top universities. But he always said, “My 10 is in China.” His love for his country was clear to all. His spirit will always live on in the hearts of Chinese people. 1．A．ran away B．turned down C．fell down D．passed away 2．A．information B．development C．discovery D．communication 3．A．missed B．spread C．won D．realized 4．A．patient B．strong C．silent D．secret 5．A．lastly B．nearly C．quickly D．really 6．A．speeches B．presents C．examples D．performances 7．A．allowed B．ordered C．founded D．warned 8．A．wish B．give C．consider D．send 9．A．similar B．interesting C．simple D．important 10．A．job B．family C．heart D．life 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．C 【解析】本文介绍了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹，重点讲述了他对科学的贡献及对祖国的深厚感情，表达了人们对他的敬仰。 1．句意： 令人悲痛的是，他于2025年10月18日在北京去世，享年103 岁。 根据“Sadly”及后文年龄可知，此处指去世。pass away“逝世”。ran away“逃跑”、turned down“拒绝”、fell down“摔倒”，均不符合。 2．句意：他是一位伟大的物理学家，在中国科学发展中发挥了作用。 根据“played a part in the...of science”可知，在中国科学发展中发挥了作用。the development of science“科学的发展”。information“信息”、discovery“发现”、communication“交流”，均不符合。 3．句意：1957年，他和他的朋友李政道因其科学新思想而获得诺贝尔奖，这为中国科学家赢得了全球的尊重。 根据“the Nobel Prize”可知，此处表示获奖；win the Nobel Prize“获得诺贝尔奖”，miss“错过”，spread“传播”，realize“意识到”，均不符合搭配。 4．句意：杨的特别之处在于他对中国强烈的爱。 根据后文他回国访问、帮助祖国等行动可知，爱是强烈的。strong意为“强烈的/深厚的”，符合爱的程度。patient“耐心的”、silent“沉默的”、secret“秘密的”，均不符合。 5．句意：他确实想帮助他的祖国。 根据前文他对中国的爱及后文行动可知，此处强调意愿真诚。really表示强调。lastly“最后”、nearly“几乎”、quickly“快速地”，均不符合。 6．句意：他经常在大学发表演讲，并告诉年轻学生：“中国需要好的科学家。” 根据“gave...at universities”及告诉学生可知，此处指演讲。give speeches“做演讲”。presents“礼物”、examples“例子”、performances“表演”，均不符合。 7．句意：他还为亚洲年轻科学家创立了一个奖项，以鼓励他们努力工作。 根据“a prize for young scientists”可知，此处指设立奖项，founded意为“创立”，符合设立奖项。allowed“允许”、ordered“命令”、warned“警告”，均不符合。 8．句意：许多中国学生把他视为榜样。 根据“him a role model”可知，此处指视作榜样。consider sb. sth.“把某人看作某物”。wish“希望”、give“给”、send“发送”，均不符合。 9．句意：他写了许多重要的论文，并获得顶尖大学的荣誉博士学位。 根据他是著名物理学家及受尊重可知，他写了许多重要的论文，important“重要的”符合。similar“相似的”，interesting“有趣的”，simple“简单的”，均不符合。 10．句意：但他总是说：“我的心在中国。” 根据“His love for his country was clear to all”可知，此处指心属于中国。heart“心”，象征情感归属。job“工作”、family“家庭”、life“生活”，均不符合。 （四） Yuan Longping is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He is one of the greatest scientists in China, and people all over the world 1 him. Yuan was born in 1930. When he was young, he saw many people go 2 . So he made up his mind to develop a new kind of rice. It was not 3 for him to do the research, but he never 4 . He spent years working in the fields. It was very 5 of Yuan to work in such difficult conditions. He had great 6 and never stopped trying. Finally, his dream 7 . He developed a new kind of rice that helped 8 hunger and saved millions of lives. Yuan was not only a great scientist but also a great teacher. He trained many young people to do research on farming. He always 9 them to dream big and work hard. Yuan left us in 2021, but his spirit 10 . He is a great inspiration to us all. 1．A．look up to B．look down on C．look for D．look after 2．A．thirsty B．tired C．hungry D．sick 3．A．hard B．lucky C．late D．easy 4．A．gave in B．gave up C．gave out D．gave away 5．A．important B．brave C．necessary D．difficult 6．A．balance B．wisdom C．curiosity D．courage 7．A．came out B．came up C．came true D．came on 8．A．reduce B．increase C．produce D．improve 9．A．expected B．prevented C．encouraged D．promised 10．A．lives on B．puts on C．gets on D．turns on 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹，讲述了他立志解决饥饿问题、在艰苦条件下坚持研究并最终成功培育杂交水稻的故事，以及他作为科学家和教师对后人的激励。 1．句意：他是中国最伟大的科学家之一，全世界的人都尊敬他。 根据“He is one of the greatest scientists in China”可知，全世界的人都尊敬他，look up to“尊敬”符合语境。look down on“看不起”；look for“寻找”；look after“照顾”，均不符合对伟大科学家的态度。 2．句意：他年轻时，看到许多人挨饿。 根据“So he made up his mind to develop a new kind of rice.”可知，袁隆平看到人们挨饿才决心研究水稻，hungry“饥饿的”符合语境。thirsty“口渴的”；tired“疲惫的”；sick“生病的”，均不符合“决心研发新稻种”的语境。 3．句意：对他来说做这项研究并不容易，但他从未放弃。 根据“but he never...”可知，前后为转折关系，说明研究不容易，easy“容易的”符合语境。hard“困难的”；lucky“幸运的”；late“晚的”，均不符合“从未放弃”对应的困难语境。 4．句意：但他从未放弃。 根据“It was not...for him to do the research, but he never....”可知，研究虽难但他从未放弃，gave up“放弃”符合语境。gave in“屈服”；gave out“分发”；gave away“赠送”，均不符合“从未放弃”的语境。 5．句意：袁在如此艰苦的条件下工作，非常勇敢。 根据“to work in such difficult conditions”可知，在艰苦条件下坚持工作需要勇气，brave“勇敢的”符合语境。important“重要的”；necessary“必要的”；difficult“困难的”，均不如“勇敢的”符合在艰苦条件下工作的品质。 6．句意：他有极大的勇气，从未停止尝试。 根据“never stopped trying”和袁隆平在艰苦条件下坚持研究杂交水稻的经历可知，这里强调他面对困难不放弃的勇气，courage“勇气”符合语境。balance“平衡”；wisdom“智慧”；curiosity“好奇心”，均不如“勇气”契合“从未停止尝试”所体现的精神品质。 7．句意：最终，他的梦想实现了。 主语是dream，came true符合语境。came out“出来”；came up“出现”；came on“加油”，均不符合“梦想实现”的固定搭配。 8．句意：他研发了一种新型水稻，帮助减少饥饿，拯救了数百万人的生命。 根据“saved millions of lives”可知，新型水稻帮助减少饥饿，reduce“减少”符合语境。increase“增加”；produce“生产”；improve“改善”，均不如“减少饥饿”符合杂交水稻的贡献。 9．句意：他总是鼓励他们胸怀大志、努力工作。 encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”为固定搭配，encouraged符合语境。expected“期待”；prevented“阻止”；promised“承诺”，均不符合“鼓励年轻人胸怀大志”的语境。 10．句意：袁在2021年离开了我们，但他的精神永存。 根据“but his spirit...”可知，虽然袁隆平去世了，但他的精神仍在，lives on“继续存在”符合语境。puts on“穿上”；gets on“上车”；turns on“打开”，均不符合“精神永存”的语境。 三、人与自我--语言策略 （一） Now more and more students use smart learning tools to improve their study. Eric used to be a slow learner and he always felt worried about his poor grades. He tried many ways but few worked. Three years ago, he tried a new smart learning app and it completely 1 his way of learning. The app can find out what knowledge he is weak in 2 , then it prepares personalized exercises for him. Before that, Eric always 3 too much time on problems that were too easy or too hard for him. Now he can learn much more 4 . Eric also likes the online review function (功能). It can help him 5 what he learned at the right time, following the scientific memory rule. His grades have greatly 6 since he started using this method. Eric says smart learning helps him study better, but it also needs us to be 7 . We should not just copy answers from the app. 8 , we need to think on our own first. Eric also tells us that the most important thing for good learning is to have a good 9 and a right way. Smart tools are only helpers. Now, he is ready to help more of his classmates to try 10 learning methods and improve their study together. 1．A．developed B．changed C．followed D．found 2．A．quickly B．slowly C．clearly D．quietly 3．A．took B．cost C．spent D．paid 4．A．carefully B．difficultly C．hardly D．efficiently 5．A．review B．create C．achieve D．connect 6．A．increased B．improved C．raised D．promised 7．A．happy B．lazy C．smart D．busy 8．A．For example B．Instead C．Besides D．Because 9．A．grade B．result C．habit D．choice 10．A．new B．old C．strange D．expensive 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了Eric通过使用智能学习软件改变学习方式，提高成绩的故事，强调了良好习惯和独立思考的重要性。 1．句意：三年前，他尝试了一个新的智能学习应用程序，它完全改变了他的学习方式。 根据“completely”及前后文Eric从慢学习者到成绩提高的转变，可知学习方式发生了巨大变化，changed“改变”符合语境，developed“发展”，通常接技能，不符合语法，followed“跟随”和found“发现”不符合语境。 2．句意：该应用程序可以快速找出他薄弱的知识，然后为他准备个性化的练习。 根据智能工具的高效特性及后文节省时间的描述，quickly“快速地”符合语境，slowly“缓慢地”与智能特点相反，clearly“清晰地”和quietly“安静地”侧重状态而非速度。 3．句意：在此之前，Eric总是在太难或太容易的问题上花费太多时间。 主语Eric是人，且搭配time on，固定用法sb. spend time on sth.“某人在某事上花费时间”，took主语通常为It，cost主语为物，paid侧重金钱。 4．句意：现在他可以学得更高效了。 根据前文不再浪费时间在不合适的问题上，可知学习效率提高，efficiently“高效地”符合，carefully“仔细地”侧重态度，difficultly“困难地”和hardly“几乎不，艰难地”含负面意义，不符合进步语境。 5．句意：它可以帮助他在合适的时间复习所学内容，遵循科学记忆规律。 根据前文提到的“online review function”，此处指复习知识，review“复习”符合，create“创造”、achieve“实现”和connect“连接”与记忆规律及复习功能不符。 6．句意：自从他开始使用这种方法以来，他的成绩大大提高了。 根据主语“grades”，表示成绩变好常用improve“提高”。increased多指数值增加，raised多指举起或筹集，promised“承诺”语义不通。 7．句意：Eric说智能学习帮助他更好地学习，但也需要我们变得聪明。 根据后文“We should not just copy answers from the app. ..., we need to think on our own first.”可知，要明智地使用工具，smart“明智的”符合，lazy“懒惰的”与文意相反，happy“开心的”和busy“忙碌的”未体现思考的重要性。 8．句意：相反，我们需要先独立思考。 根据前文“should not just copy answers”与后文“think on our own”构成对比替代关系，Instead“相反”符合，For example表举例，Besides表递进，Because表原因，均不合逻辑。 9．句意：Eric还告诉我们，学好最重要的是要有好习惯和正确的方法。 根据学习建议的常规逻辑及全文强调的学习方式，habit“习惯”符合语境，grade“成绩”，result“结果”，choice“选择”都不符合“学习的核心要素”的语境。 10．句意：现在，他准备帮助更多的同学尝试新的学习方法，一起提高学习。 根据全文推广智能工具这一新途径，同学们应尝试新方法，new“新的”符合，old“老的，旧的”与推广初衷相反，strange“奇怪的”和expensive“昂贵的”含负面或非重点含义。 （二） Lin Tao used to think that learning English was all about remembering. Every day, he read his textbook again and again, 1 he could hardly remember the new words the next morning. He felt that all his hard work was 2 . One day, his English teacher asked him, “Do you believe 3 practice makes perfect? Remember, practice does not mean repeating the same thing in the same way.” Then she told him 4 flashcards and to test himself from time to time. “ 5 you can answer a word without looking at the book, you have really learned it,” she said. Lin Tao followed her advice. He wrote new words on small cards and reviewed them at different times: in the morning, after class and before bed. To his surprise, he found 6 easier to remember words this way. His teacher was right—it is like 7 a plant little by little. After two months, Lin Tao’s English improved a lot. He told his teacher, “Now I know 8 it is important to study in a smart way. It is not how long you study 9 how well you study that matters.” The teacher smiled. “I’m glad that you have found the joy of learning. 10 you keep this habit, you will make greater progress.” 1．A．so B．but C．or D．because 2．A．useful B．careful C．helpful D．wasteful 3．A．what B．how C．that D．why 4．A．make B．making C．made D．to make 5．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Because 6．A．it B．that C．this D．one 7．A．watered B．water C．to water D．watering 8．A．what B．why C．how D．if 9．A．or B．and C．but D．so 10．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了林涛在老师指导下，改变英语学习方法，从死记硬背转为巧妙练习，最终取得进步的故事。 1．句意：每天，他一遍又一遍地读课本，但是第二天早上他几乎记不住新单词。 前后句子是转折关系，应用but。so“所以”、or“或者”、because“因为”均不符合逻辑。 2．句意：他感觉自己所有的努力都是白费的。 前文说反复读却记不住单词，说明努力是浪费的，应用wasteful。useful“有用的”、careful“仔细的”、helpful“有帮助的”不符合语境。 3．句意：一天，他的英语老师问他：“你相信熟能生巧吗？” 从句是完整陈述句，应用that引导宾语从句。what“什么”、how“怎样”、why“为什么”不符合语法逻辑。 4．句意：然后她告诉他制作单词卡片，时不时自测。 tell sb. to do sth.表示“告诉某人做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用to make。make“制作（动词原形）”、making“制作（动名词）”、made“制作（过去式）”不符合语法逻辑。 5．句意：如果你不用看书就能说出单词，你才真正学会了它。 前后文为条件关系，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。Unless“除非”、Although“虽然”、Because “因为”不符合语境。 6．句意：令他惊讶的是，他发现用这种方法记单词更容易。 find it + adj. + to do sth.表示“发现做某事是……的”，it作形式宾语。that“那个”、this“这个”、one“一个”不符合语法逻辑。 7．句意：老师是对的——这就像一点点浇灌植物。 介词like后接动名词，应用watering。watered“浇水（过去分词）”、water“浇水（动词原形）”、to water“浇水（不定式）”不符合语法逻辑。 8．句意：现在我知道为什么用巧妙的方法学习很重要。 此处表示知道原因，应用why。what“什么”、how“如何”、if“是否”不符合语境。 9．句意：重要的不是你学习多久，而是你学习得多好。 not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，固定结构，应用but。or“或者”、and“并且”、so“所以”不符合搭配。 10．句意：如果你保持这个习惯，你将会取得更大的进步。 前后文为条件关系，应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。Unless“除非”、Though“虽然”、Because“因为”不符合语境。 （三） Online learning platforms are becoming popular among students. Last term, my grades were not satisfying, so my mother 1 me to try an online study app. At first I doubted whether it could really 2 my study. But soon I found it was worth trying. The app designs personal study 3 according to my weak points. Every morning it pushes a small task list, so I know 4 to start. It also has a “mistake notebook” that automatically collects the questions I got 5 and explains the reasons clearly. What surprised me most was its speaking practice part. It lets me 6 English aloud and gives instant (即时的) feedback on my pronunciation, which used to be my biggest 7 . Day by day, I became more 8 in speaking. Of course, an app is only a tool. It cannot 9 for our efforts. Real progress still needs self-discipline (自律). Now I finish tasks on time and review them carefully. My grades have 10 a lot, and I’ve learned to study smarter, not just harder. 1．A．ordered B．advised C．forced D．allowed 2．A．influence B．mention C．improve D．reduce 3．A．plans B．games C．rules D．clubs 4．A．how B．what C．when D．where 5．A．right B．wrong C．easy D．ready 6．A．read B．write C．spell D．type 7．A．strength B．weakness C．interest D．secret 8．A．confident B．angry C．shy D．tired 9．A．wait B．pay C．stand D．substitute 10．A．dropped B．remained C．improved D．disappeared 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【解析】本文讲述作者成绩不理想，母亲建议试用在线学习APP。作者利用APP提高了成绩和自信，同时也认识到自律的重要性。 1．句意：上学期，我的成绩不理想，所以妈妈建议我试试一款线上学习App。 根据“my grades were not satisfying”及语境，母亲应是给出建议而非强迫或命令。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，为固定搭配。advised“建议”符合语境。ordered“命令”；forced“强迫”，语气过重；allowed“允许”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：起初我怀疑它是否真的能改善我的学习。 根据前文成绩不满意，使用APP的目的是为了提升学习。improve“改善、提高”，符合语境。influence“影响”；mention“提及”；reduce“减少”。均和语境不符。 3．句意：该APP根据我的弱点设计个人学习计划。 根据“according to my weak points”以及后文“a small task list”可知，App会制定学习计划，应用plans“计划”，符合语境。games“游戏”；rules“规则”；clubs“俱乐部”，都不符合学习APP的功能设定。 4．句意：每天早上它推送简短的任务清单，这样我就知道从哪里开始学。 根据前文“small task list”，任务清单明确了学习的起点，也就是知道从哪里开始，where to start“从哪里开始”。how“如何”；what“什么”；when “何时”，不符合本句语境。 5．句意：它还有“错题本”，自动收集我做错的题目并且清晰讲解原因。 根据短语“mistake notebook”，可知收集的是做错的题，应用wrong“错误的”，符合语境。right“正确的”；easy“简单的”；ready“准备好的”不符合错题本功能。 6．句意：它让我大声朗读英语，并即时反馈我的发音。 根据后文“on my pronunciation”可知，是朗读英语，应用read“读”。write“写”；spell“拼写”；type“打字”均和发音练习无关。 7．句意：它让我大声朗读英语，并且针对我的发音给出即时反馈，这曾经是我最大的弱点。 根据前文，发音需要反馈改进，说明发音曾是短板。weakness“弱点”，符合语境。strength“强项”；interest“兴趣”；secret“秘密”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：日复一日，我在口语方面变得更加自信。 通过持续的口语练习，作者的状态应是更加自信，应用confident“自信的”。angry“生气的”；shy“害羞的”；tired“疲惫的”，均不符合练习后的变化。 9．句意：它不能代替我们的努力。 前文“an app is only a tool”及后文“Real progress still needs self-discipline”，说明软件只是工具，无法替代自身努力，固定搭配substitute for意为“代替”，substitute“代替”，符合搭配及语境。wait“等待”；pay“支付”；stand“站立”不构成搭配。 10．句意：我的成绩提升了很多，而且我学会了更高效地学习，不只是一味地用蛮力苦学。 根据“study smarter”及全文积极基调，成绩应是变好。improved“提高”，符合语境。dropped“下降”；remained“保持”；disappeared“消失”，均无法表达成绩提高的语境。 （四） English class was hard for Lorena. She didn’t do well in vocabulary tests, and she didn’t want to embarrass 1 .   One Monday, Ms White said that there would be a vocabulary test on Friday. That night, Lorena wrote the vocabulary on little cards and 2 everywhere. When Friday came, she only knew about half the 3 and it made her quite upset. A week later, Ms White gave some grammar homework. That night, it took Lorena half an hour 4 it. Her friend Olivia called her to ask 5 help. Lorena explained the verb tense (动词时态) to Olivia by using some funny emojis (表情符号). Olivia said, “You are so funny. Emojis are the 6 way to learn English!” Olivia’s words gave Lorena 7 idea. Lorena studied her next vocabulary list in her notebook. For each word or phrase (短语), she drew emojis to help her remember them 8 . The phrase “apple of my eye” 9 easy. Other words were hard, but she found emojis for all of them. 10 she took her next test,she thought of the emojis and wrote the English words. All the words were written correctly on the test! She was quite happy. 1．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 2．A．practises B．practised C．is practising D．will practise 3．A．word B．words C．word’s D．words’ 4．A．make B．to make C．finish D．to finish 5．A．for B．from C．on D．to 6．A．worse B．worst C．better D．best 7．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．A．carefully B．carelessly C．careful D．careless 9．A．be B．is C．was D．were 10．A．When B．Though C．If D．Until 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了Lorena英语学习困难，后经朋友启发，利用表情符号辅助记忆单词，最终在考试中取得进步的故事。 1．句意：她词汇测试成绩不好，而且她不想让自己难堪。 根据“embarrass oneself”固定搭配，可知需用反身代词。根据语境，主语She对应herself，体现动作返回自身。 2．句意：那天晚上，Lorena把单词写在卡片上并到处练习。 根据“wrote the vocabulary”可知，句子为一般过去时，并列谓语需用过去式，practised是过去式，符合语法结构。 3．句意：到周五的时候，她只认识一半的单词，这让她很沮丧。 根据“half the…”及词汇测试语境可知，单词不止一个，需用复数words。 4．句意：那天晚上，Lorena花了半小时才完成它。 根据“It takes sb time to do sth”句型表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”可知，需用动词不定式。根据语境，作业是去完成而非制作，to finish表示“去完成”。 5．句意：她的朋友Olivia打电话向她求助。 根据“ask for help”固定搭配意为“寻求帮助”可知，此处需用介词for，表示请求帮助的目的。 6．句意：表情符号是学习英语最好的方式！ 根据空格前定冠词the可知，要用形容词最高级，根据语境，Olivia称赞该方法有效，因此best表示 “最好的”，其他选项为比较级或贬义，故排除。 7．句意：Olivia的话给了Lorena一个主意。 根据“idea”以元音音素开头，可知需用不定冠词an。根据语境，表示泛指一个主意。 8．句意：对于每个单词或短语，她画表情符号来帮助她认真记住它们。 根据动词“remember”可知，需用副词修饰，结合语境，学习需要认真仔细，carefully意为“认真地”。 9．句意：短语"apple of my eye"很容易。 根据主语“The phrase”为单数且全文为过去时，可知需用was。 10．句意：当她参加下一场考试的时候，她想到了这些表情符号，写下了英文单词。 根据前后句时间逻辑关系可知，需用When引导时间状语从句，表示考试发生的时间点。 四、人与自我-- 方法与策略 （一） Have you ever heard of Solomon Shereshevsky? He was a man with an amazing 1 . He could remember almost everything he heard and saw. His story 2 many scientists to study how the human 3 works. When a journalist asked him how he had such a great memory, he said that he could 4 each piece of information with strong senses, like smell, taste and feelings. This 5 him remember things for a very long time. Although his memory was unbelievable, it also brought him 6 problems. He could not 7 useless information from his mind. Sometimes he got very tired because of too much information in his brain. His story tells us that we are not just born with a good memory. We can 8 our memory by using the right 9 . If we keep practicing, we can also get a better 10 than before. 1．A．brain B．memory C．attention D．method 2．A．stopped B．made C．inspired D．asked 3．A．memory B．body C．heart D．brain 4．A．connect B．mix C．share D．fill 5．A．asked B．helped C．told D．got 6．A．few B．much C．many D．little 7．A．remember B．forget C．find D．lose 8．A．improve B．increase C．reduce D．keep 9．A．ideas B．methods C．thoughts D．plans 10．A．brain B．mind C．memory D．health 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【解析】本文讲述了Solomon拥有超强记忆力的故事，分析了其原理与困扰，并告诉我们可通过方法改善记忆力。 1．句意：你听说过所罗门·谢列谢夫斯基吗？他是一个拥有惊人记忆力的人。 根据“He could remember almost everything he heard and saw.”，可知此处指代他拥有惊人的记忆力。memory“记忆力”，符合语境。brain“大脑”，attention“注意力”，method“方法”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：他的故事激励了许多科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作的。 根据“many scientists to study how the human brain works”，可知此处指他的故事促使科学家进行研究。inspired“激励”，符合语境。stopped“停止”，made“使得”，asked“询问”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他的故事激励了许多科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作的。 根据“how the human … works”及常识，可知此处指人类的大脑。brain“大脑”，符合语境。memory“记忆力”，body“身体”，heart“心脏”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：当一名记者问他如何拥有如此好的记忆力时，他说他可以把每一条信息与强烈的感官联系起来，比如气味、味道和感觉。 根据“each piece of information with strong senses”，可知此处指将信息与感官联系起来。connect“联系”，符合语境。mix“混合”，share“分享”，fill“填满”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：这帮助他长时间记住事情。 根据“him remember things for a very long time”，可知此处指这种做法帮助他记忆。helped“帮助”，符合语境。asked“询问”，told“告诉”，got“得到”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：尽管他的记忆力令人难以置信，但这也给他带来了许多问题。 根据下文无法忘记无用信息及大脑中信息过多，可知此处指带来了许多问题。many“许多”，符合语境。few“很少”，much“许多（接不可数名词）”，little“很少”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：他无法从脑海中忘记无用的信息。 根据“useless information from his mind”及“because of too much information in his brain”，可知此处指无法忘记无用信息。forget“忘记”，符合语境。remember“记得”，find“找到”，lose“丢失”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：他的故事告诉我们，好的记忆力不仅仅是天生的。我们可以通过使用正确的方法来提高我们的记忆力。 根据“our memory by using the right…”及“If we keep practicing, we can also get a better… than before.”，可知此处指提高记忆力。improve“提高”，符合语境。increase“增加”，reduce“减少”，keep“保持”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：我们可以通过使用正确的方法来提高我们的记忆力。 根据“by using the right”及语境，可知此处指使用正确的方法。methods“方法”，符合语境。ideas“主意”，thoughts“想法”，plans“计划”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：如果我们坚持练习，我们也能得到比以前更好的记忆力。 根据“If we keep practicing, we can also get a better … than before.”及全文围绕记忆力展开，可知此处指更好的记忆力。memory“记忆力”，符合语境。brain“大脑”，mind“思想”，health“健康”，均不符合语境。 （二） Toby wondered what was wrong with Grandpa. He was always 1 things those days. Toby was told that Grandpa might have early memory loss, and his family planned to send him to a care center because he needed special 2 . Toby didn’t like the idea. But he could only visit Grandpa now and then. The first time Toby went there, he felt a deep 3 —Grandpa sat quietly by the window, staring at an empty chair. “Look, I brought you something,” Toby said, taking out a small wooden box. Grandpa opened it slowly. Inside were old things: a fishing hook, a railway 4 , a dried leaf. “Do you remember these?” Toby asked hopefully. But Grandpa only smiled faintly. He didn’t seem to 5 Toby at all. The 6 thing happened on the next visits. Grandpa looked at the box, touched the leaf, but said little. “Who are you, boy?” he once asked. Toby held back tears. “I’m your 7 , Toby.” Grandpa nodded slowly, “The boy who brings the box.” One afternoon, something changed. Grandpa picked up the railway ticket and suddenly his eyes lit up. “We took this train to the sea,” he whispered. “Your grandma packed sandwiches.” Tears 8 down his cheeks. Toby 9 that memory might fade, but love and warmth stayed somewhere deep. From then on, he brought the box every weekend. Sometimes Grandpa forgot names. But he never forgot 10 he loved. 1．A．losing B．borrowing C．hiding D．collecting 2．A．training B．care C．freedom D．medicine 3．A．joy B．anger C．sadness D．surprise 4．A．card B．ticket C．map D．coin 5．A．trust B．follow C．recognize D．hear 6．A．same B．strange C．funny D．wonderful 7．A．nephew B．cousin C．son D．grandson 8．A．rolled B．jumped C．burnt D．floated 9．A．doubted B．realized C．regretted D．argued 10．A．how much B．how often C．how soon D．how far 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了Toby探望患有记忆丧失的祖父的故事。通过旧物唤醒记忆，Toby意识到记忆会消退，但爱永远留存。 1．句意：这些天他总是在遗失东西。 后句明确提到“Grandpa might have early memory loss”，记忆力减退的最直接生活表现就是经常弄丢物品，losing“遗失/丢失”符合语境；borrowing“借入”、hiding“隐藏”、collecting“收集”均不能体现记忆衰退带来的生活困扰。 2．句意：他的家人计划把他送到照料中心，因为他需要特殊的照顾。 前文提到去往的机构是“a care center”，前后词汇直接呼应，去照料中心是因为需要专业的“照料/关照”，care符合语境；training“训练”、freedom“自由”、medicine“药物”均无法与前面的care center构成最自然的逻辑对应。 3．句意：托比第一次去那里时，他感到一种深深的悲伤——爷爷静静地坐在窗边，盯着一张空椅子。 破折号后描绘了爷爷孤寂落寞的画面（“sat quietly... staring at an empty chair”），看到曾经熟悉的至亲变得如此孤独呆滞，托比内心产生的情感必然是难过与心酸，sadness“悲伤”符合语境；joy“喜悦”、anger“愤怒”、surprise“惊讶”均不符合面对生病落寞长辈时的悲凉心境。 4．句意：里面是一些老物件：一个鱼钩，一张火车票，一片干树叶。 后文明确提到“Grandpa picked up the railway ticket”，前后文出现完全一致的名词原词复现，ticket“票”符合语境；card“卡片”、map“地图”、coin“硬币”均与后文的明确交代不符。 5．句意：但他似乎根本认不出托比。 原文紧接着在后文描写爷爷问他“Who are you, boy?”，这直接印证了爷爷此刻完全辨认不出眼前的孙子，recognize“认出/识别”符合语境；trust“信任”、follow“跟随”、hear“听见”均不能解释为什么会当面询问他是谁。 6．句意：接下来的几次探望也都发生了同样的事情。 后文描述了爷爷依然只是看着盒子、摸着树叶却少言寡语（“looked at the box, touched the leaf, but said little”），并且依然认不出托比，说明前文描述的令人心酸的状况在重复上演。固定搭配the same thing表示“同样的事情”，same符合语境；strange“奇怪的”、funny“滑稽的”、wonderful“精彩的”均与重复发生的常态不符。 7．句意：“我是您的孙子，托比。” 整篇文章的主线人物关系就是托比与他的“Grandpa（爷爷）”，对应长辈称呼，托比就是爷爷的孙子，grandson“孙子/外孙”符合亲属关系逻辑；nephew“侄子/外甥”、cousin“堂表兄弟”、son“儿子”均不符合人物关系。 8．句意：眼泪沿着他的脸颊滚落。 原文主语是“Tears”，介词短语为“down his cheeks（沿着脸颊）”，描绘热泪盈眶并顺着脸庞滑下的状态，固定表达常用roll down，rolled符合动词搭配与动人画面；jumped“跳跃”、burnt“燃烧”、floated“漂浮”均不能用来描写眼泪流下。 9．句意：托比意识到记忆或许会褪色，但爱与温暖长留在内心深处。 看到爷爷因旧车票触动而回忆起奶奶和旧时光后，托比内心豁然开朗，领悟到了人生的这一真谛，realized“意识到/领悟”符合心理认知深化的过程；doubted“怀疑”、regretted“后悔”、argued“争论”均无法引出后文富有哲理与释怀感的领悟。 10．句意：但他从未忘记他有多么爱（他们）。 动词love通常与much连用表示爱意之深，此处how much引导宾语从句修饰动词loved，表达“爱得有多深/多么深沉的爱”，符合全文情感升华；how often询问频率，how soon询问多久之后，how far询问距离，均不能修饰爱的深度。 （三） Can people improve their memory? Many students think a good memory is something you are born with. But in fact, memory is more like a 1 —the more you use it in the right way, the stronger it becomes. Our brain works like a library. When we learn something new, the information first stays in short-term memory. It is 2 a note on the desk: easy to lose if you don’t put it in the right place. To move it into long-term memory, you need to 3 it actively. Researchers say repetition (重复) is important, but blind repetition is not enough. You should connect new information with what you already know. For example, when learning the word “harvest”, you can picture golden wheat in autumn. This kind of 4 makes the memory deeper. Sleep also plays a key role. During sleep, the brain 5 the day’s information and decides what to keep. That is why students who stay up late often feel they “forget everything” the next morning. Besides, health matters. Drinking enough water, taking walks and staying relaxed help the brain work better. On the other hand, too much stress can 6 the door of memory almost shut. Memory champions (记忆冠军) are not superhumans. They just use tricks: linking, imagining, grouping and reviewing. With practice, 7 student can do better. So don’t say “I have a poor memory.” Instead, ask yourself, “Am I giving my brain the right 8 ?” The future you may thank the present you for training your 9 today. In short, memory is not a fixed gift. It is a habit, a skill, and a 10 you can build step by step. 1．A．dream B．muscle C．problem D．accident 2．A．with B．for C．like D．from 3．A．waste B．break C．hide D．process 4．A．picture B．noise C．mistake D．excuse 5．A．throws away B．sorts through C．turns off D．gives up 6．A．push B．knock C．leave D．open 7．A．no B．every C．neither D．none 8．A．answer B．tool C．training D．excuse 9．A．hand B．heart C．memory D．voice 10．A．bridge B．wall C．cloud D．secret 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了记忆并非天生固定，而是可以通过正确方法如联想、睡眠和健康生活方式来改善的习惯和技能。 1．句意：但事实上，记忆更像是一块肌肉——你越以正确的方式使用它，它就变得越强。 根据“the stronger it becomes”（它变得越强）可知，此处将记忆比作越用越强的肌肉，muscle符合语境。 2．句意：它就像桌上的一张便条：如果不放在合适的地方，很容易丢失。 根据“a note on the desk”可知，此处是将短期记忆比作桌上的便条，表示比喻关系，like“像”符合语境。 3．句意：为了将其转入长期记忆，你需要积极地处理它。 根据“To move it into long-term memory”可知，需要积极加工处理信息才能记住，process“处理”符合语境。 4．句意：这种图片让记忆更深刻。 根据前文“picture golden wheat”（描绘金色的麦子）可知，此处指这种脑海中的图片，picture“图片”符合语境。 5．句意：在睡眠期间，大脑整理当天的信息并决定保留什么。 根据“decides what to keep”（决定保留什么）可知，大脑是在筛选整理信息，sorts through“整理、筛选”符合语境。throws away和gives up过于消极，turns off不符合语境。 6．句意：另一方面，过多的压力会让记忆之门几乎关闭。 根据“the door of memory almost shut”可知，此处表示压力导致门保持关闭的状态，leave sth. + adj. 表示“让某物处于……状态”，leave符合语境。push强调动作，knock和open不符合句意。 7．句意：通过练习，每个学生都能做得更好。 根据“With practice...can do better”可知，此处表示鼓励，指每个学生都能进步，every“每个”符合语境。no、neither 和 none 均为否定含义，不符合鼓励的语境。 8．句意：相反，问问你自己，“我给我的大脑正确的训练了吗？” 根据后文“training your...today”及全文主旨可知，此处指是否给予了正确的训练，training“训练”符合语境。 9．句意：未来的你可能会感谢现在的你今天训练了你的记忆力。 根据全文主题“improve their memory”可知，此处指训练记忆力，memory“记忆”符合语境。 10．句意：它是一种习惯，一种技能，也是你可以一步步搭建的桥梁。 根据“build step by step”及前文“Future you may thank the present you”可知，记忆连接现在与未来，build a bridge为固定搭配且符合比喻义，bridge“桥梁”符合语境。wall通常含消极义，cloud无法搭建，secret通常不与build搭配。 （四） Have you ever heard of the “memory athlete”? These are people who can memorize thousands of numbers or the order of several decks of cards in minutes. You might think they have a 1 brain. However, most of them were just normal people before they started training. They prove that memory is not just a gift, but a 2 that can be built. The secret behind their success is often “The Method of Loci” (位置记忆法). It means connecting what you need to remember with 3 places. For example, if you want to memorize a shopping list, you can imagine putting the milk on your bed, the apples on your desk, and the bread on your chair. When you want to recall the list, you just 4 around your room in your mind. Scientists say this method works because our brains are very good at remembering 5 and journeys. In fact, ancient Greeks used this trick over 2,000 years ago! It is much more 6 than just repeating words again and again. But why do we forget things? Sometimes it is because we are not 7 . If you put your phone on the table but keep thinking about your dinner, your brain won’t store the phone’s position well. To 8 your daily memory, you should focus on one thing at a time. Besides, a healthy lifestyle helps a lot. Eating fish, sleeping well, and doing exercise can 9 your brain power. So, if you want to improve your memory, start by changing your habits today. Don’t just accept a “bad memory” as an excuse. 10 your brain, and it will surprise you! 1．A．special B．small C．heavy D．common 2．A．game B．skill C．toy D．dream 3．A．secret B．strange C．familiar D．public 4．A．walk B．jump C．run D．fly 5．A．faces B．names C．numbers D．places 6．A．boring B．useful C．difficult D．expensive 7．A．paying attention B．making noise C．getting lost D．taking breaks 8．A．test B．break C．improve D．forget 9．A．reduce B．increase C．stop D．waste 10．A．Ignore B．Train C．Hurt D．Fear 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【解析】本文介绍了记忆运动员的秘诀，解释了位置记忆法的原理，并给出了改善记忆力的建议，如专注和健康生活方式。 1．句意：你可能认为他们有一个特殊的大脑。 根据后文“However, most of them were just normal people before they started training.” (然而，他们中的大多数人在开始训练前只是普通人)，前后是转折关系，可知前面是认为他们有“特殊的”大脑，故选special。small“小的”，heavy“重的”，common“普通的”，均不符合。 2．句意：他们证明记忆不仅是一种天赋，更是一种可以培养的技能。 根据前文“memory is not just a gift” (记忆不仅是一种天赋)，以及后文“that can be built” (可以培养的)，可知记忆是一种“技能”，故选skill。game“游戏”，toy“玩具”，dream“梦想”，均不符合。 3．句意：它意味着把你需要记住的东西与熟悉的地点联系起来。 根据后文“For example, if you want to memorize a shopping list, you can imagine putting the milk on your bed, the apples on your desk, and the bread on your chair.” (例如，如果你想记住购物清单，你可以想象把牛奶放在床上，苹果放在桌上，面包放在椅子上)，可知是把要记的东西与“熟悉的”地点联系起来，故选familiar。secret“秘密的”，strange“奇怪的”，public“公共的”，均不符合。 4．句意：当你想回忆清单时，你只需在脑海中在你的房间里走一圈。 根据前文“imagine putting the milk on your bed, the apples on your desk, and the bread on your chair” (想象把牛奶放在床上，苹果放在桌上，面包放在椅子上)，可知回忆时需要在脑海中“走”一圈，故选walk。jump“跳”，run“跑”，fly“飞”，均不符合。 5．句意：科学家说这种方法有效，因为我们的大脑非常擅长记住地点和路线。 根据后文“and journeys” (和路线)，以及前文提到的位置记忆法，可知大脑擅长记住“地点”，故选places。faces“面孔”，names“名字”，numbers“数字”，均不符合。 6．句意：这比一遍又一遍地重复单词有用得多。 根据前文“Scientists say this method works” (科学家说这种方法有效)，可知它比重复单词更“有用的”，故选useful。boring“无聊的”，difficult“困难的”，expensive“昂贵的”，均不符合。 7．句意：有时是因为我们没有集中注意力。 根据后文“If you put your phone on the table but keep thinking about your dinner, your brain won't store the phone’s position well.” (如果你把手机放在桌上但一直想着晚餐，你的大脑就不会很好地储存手机的位置)，可知是因为没有“集中注意力”，故选paying attention。making noise“制造噪音”，getting lost“迷路”，taking breaks“休息”，均不符合。 8．句意：为了改善你的日常记忆，你应该一次只专注于一件事。 根据后文“you should focus on one thing at a time” (你应该一次只专注于一件事)，可知是为了“改善”记忆，故选improve。test“测试”，break“打破”，forget“忘记”，均不符合。 9．句意：此外，健康的生活方式很有帮助。吃鱼、睡好觉、做运动可以增加你的脑力。 根据前文“a healthy lifestyle helps a lot” (健康的生活方式很有帮助)，可知这些习惯可以“增加”脑力，故选increase。reduce“减少”，stop“停止”，waste“浪费”，均不符合。 10．句意：训练你的大脑，它会给你惊喜！ 根据前文“So, if you want to improve your memory, start by changing your habits today.” (所以，如果你想改善记忆，从今天开始改变习惯)，以及后文“and it will surprise you” (它会给你惊喜)，可知要“训练”大脑，故选Train。Ignore“忽视”，Hurt“伤害”，Fear“害怕”，均不符合。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $