专题05 完形填空（15空） 【期中复习】-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册基础知识专项讲练（新教材人教版）

专题05 完形填空（15空） (期中复习） 一、人与社会--家乡变化 （一） Suzhou is my hometown. It is a famous city in China. 1 it is not as big as Beijing, everyone in China knows this beautiful place. People 2 it as “Venice of the East”. Suzhou has a long history. There are many ancient Chinese 3 in Suzhou. Suzhou gardens are 4 the imperial (皇家的) parks in Beijing like the Summer Palace. They were built for the enjoyment of the private family. 5 invited guests and extended family for special parties, such as moon-viewing during the Moon Festival. Now the beautiful gardens have become famous tourist places in Suzhou. So a lot of tourists around the world come here to visit 6 every year. Suzhou is 7 famous for its large silk industry. In the past 30 years, my hometown has 8 rapidly (快速地) in many ways. The biggest change I have found is the 9 . On the one hand, many people here don’t live in the 10 houses any more. They have moved into the new high buildings and are enjoying the comfortable life. On 11 hand, nowadays builders have 12 thousands of modern buildings of different styles. I think this change is 13 because it has made Suzhou become more modern and more beautiful. To be honest, everything has changed 14 my hometown. I think you should think about 15 the beautiful city. I’m sure you will love it. 1．A．Although B．Because C．Whether D．Unless 2．A．check B．accept C．control D．regard 3．A．gardens B．capitals C．products D．railways 4．A．happy with B．different from C．similar to D．apart from 5．A．Soldiers B．Tourists C．Owners D．Gardeners 6．A．them B．it C．him D．her 7．A．forever B．never C．even D．also 8．A．spread B．admired C．changed D．moved 9．A．courage B．environment C．hunger D．century 10．A．expensive B．quiet C．new D．old 11．A．other B．another C．the other D．others 12．A．put up B．lived on C．dropped out D．cleaned up 13．A．wounded B．great C．strange D．whole 14．A．to B．for C．on D．in 15．A．protecting B．holding C．visiting D．achieving （二） We all know what our hometown is like. I grew up in what I 1 was a small town. When I was 18 years old, I 2 my hometown and went to college. I never knew about the 3 that were happening in my hometown. And I’d never thought that my hometown would change in such a short time. My hometown was small and the 4 where the local people lived were small and old. The roads were not 5 . They were so narrow that only one bus could pass. A few years later, when I went home, I 6 that there were many things to do in my hometown. Now I can walk to a big 7 for shopping. I can also go to a movie in a new cinema, which is very 8 and beautiful. There is even a big candy store that 9 all kinds of candies from different countries. I’ve always thought that my hometown is a small and quiet town. But now I realize that I am 10 . It is no longer the small town it used to be. Maybe that’s what growing up is like: You don’t 11 changes to happen, but you should accept them and learn to 12 those changes. In fact, I have 13 changed, too. I am not the little girl I once was. I’ve become a college student and gained a lot of 14 . So change sometimes is a 15 thing. 1．A．forgot B．thought C．sold D．hoped 2．A．left B．visited C．reminded D．described 3．A．changes B．results C．choices D．stories 4．A．factories B．houses C．streets D．roads 5．A．far B．small C．wide D．deep 6．A．discovered B．wondered C．decided D．explained 7．A．hospital B．market C．farm D．school 8．A．ancient B．modern C．dirty D．serious 9．A．supports B．appears C．creates D．sells 10．A．kind B．rich C．wrong D．correct 11．A．advise B．refuse C．expect D．lead 12．A．make use of B．take care of C．make fun of D．pay attention to 13．A．usually B．greatly C．nearly D．luckily 14．A．information B．link C．attention D．knowledge 15．A．bad B．good C．strange D．simple （三） Great changes have taken place in China’s rural areas. With the 1 from the government in many aspects, a new socialist countryside has appeared in China. The farmers have 2 happy lives, and many buildings have been built. There are more new farmers with 3 knowledge of science and technology, laws and management. Many farming techniques (技术) have been modernized. With the help of scientists, farmers have used the latest technologies to increase agricultural (农业的) production without 4 the environment. As a result, the yearly income (收入) of the farmers has increased and their housing conditions have been 5 as well. People can 6 a clean, tidy and orderly environment. Besides, children can go to school without 7 and have free lunch at school. They can read at home 8 in the evening with good lighting. There are some highways and railways 9 the villages. The government also provides a medical care system for farmers. The beautiful socialist countryside has attracted many 10 visitors. They come from all over the world to visit it. We are happy for the farmers who have worked hard to 11 such a great hometown. We 12 the farmers will be richer and happier. Thanks to our 13 , we have seen the development of socialist countryside. As students, we should study hard to be well prepared for the 14 construction (建设) of the newer socialist countryside and make our 15 more beautiful and powerful. We will devote our youth and strength to the development of our great country in the future. 1．A．comfort B．support C．encouragement D．aid 2．A．led B．left C．guided D．followed 3．A．easy B．simple C．little D．basic 4．A．protecting B．controlling C．harming D．changing 5．A．raised B．improved C．developed D．corrected 6．A．hold B．protect C．receive D．enjoy 7．A．paying B．making C．showing D．thinking 8．A．quickly B．hardly C．comfortably D．loudly 9．A．running out B．running through C．passing down D．passing out 10．A．natural B．local C．public D．foreign 11．A．build B．find C．make D．visit 12．A．discuss B．guess C．believe D．explain 13．A．villager B．government C．scientist D．business 14．A．capital B．space C．housing D．future 15．A．country B．city C．capital D．track （四） Cities are like living books, telling stories of the past and present. Take Shanghai for example. Several hundred years ago, it was a small town with old houses and narrow streets. People mainly 1 by fishing, growing rice, making cotton clothes and selling goods. Most families lived in small houses. In the 1920s, things changed 2 . Foreign traders arrived, and new buildings, such as banks and hotels, were built. Trams and buses appeared, making travel within the city easier. However, not everyone 3 . Many poor families still lived in crowded areas without enough water or electricity. After 1949, Shanghai 4 rapidly. The government built wide roads and bridges, connecting different parts of the city. Factories were set up, creating 5 for thousands of people. In the 1990s, skyscrapers (摩天大楼) started to fill the skyline. The Oriental Pearl Tower (东方明珠), which was completed in 1994, became a 6 of the city’s growth. Today, Shanghai is a global city. High-speed trains carry passengers to other cities in hours, 7 the journey used to take days by train. People pay with smartphones instead of cash, and online shopping is part of daily life. Old neighbourhoods, however, still 8 . In places like Xintiandi, traditional stone houses stand next to modern shops, showing the 9 between the past and the present. What makes these changes 10 ? It’s hard work and new technology. Workers built tunnels under rivers to connect different areas. Scientists developed new ways to 11 ancient buildings while building new ones. Educators taught people new skills to meet the challenges of the changing world. Though life is much 12 now, some people miss the past. They talk about the days when neighbours knew each other well. But most agree that 13 is good. It has brought better healthcare, better schools, and more chances for everyone. Cities teach us that change is 14 . They remind us to value the past while looking forward to the future. As the saying goes, “You can’t step into the same river twice.” Time 15 and nothing stays unchanged, yet every change leaves precious stories behind us. And in that long story of change, we find the true spirit of growth and connection that makes every city alive and meaningful. 1．A．lived B．focused C．followed D．acted 2．A．simply B．luckily C．recently D．greatly 3．A．supported B．benefited C．agreed D．appeared 4．A．developed B．divided C．returned D．copied 5．A．problems B．circles C．jobs D．works 6．A．corner B．symbol C．duty D．guard 7．A．while B．if C．as D．until 8．A．leave B．rise C．remain D．cover 9．A．activity B．secret C．distance D．connection 10．A．important B．clear C．necessary D．possible 11．A．protect B．break C．replace D．hide 12．A．harder B．shorter C．fairer D．easier 13．A．culture B．history C．progress D．research 14．A．correct B．natural C．strange D．sudden 15．A．depends on B．holds on C．moves on D．turns on 二、人与社会--著名人物 （一） China is the country that eats the most watermelons in the world. When we sit in the room and eat watermelons freely, we should 1 our melon queen — Wu Mingzhu. Wu Mingzhu was born in January 1930 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It was 2 to believe that such a woman would do farm work on the melon land in those days. After finishing her studies in university, she went to Xinjiang to begin her 3 on melons. She and the whole team 4 3 years travelling to the melon lands there. By 1962, they had visited more than 300 production teams. Their handwritten information has over five 5 words. In 1973, Wu Mingzhu went to Hainan. 6 the conditions there were even more difficult than those in Xinjiang, she never gave up. She kept thinking about what to do to 7 the growing speed (速度). In the 1990s, she and her team 8 “8424”, a high-grade watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then they gradually spread this 9 of watermelon to northern areas of China. Her efforts have 10 changed the cultivation (种植) of watermelons in China. Sadly, she got Alzheimer’s when she was 81 years old. As time went by, her 11 was more and more serious. She always forgot her friends or relatives. But she always remembered to ask others to 12 her watermelons. All her life, Wu put all her 13 into watermelon research. She hoped more people could 14 sweet, tasty watermelons. Her 15 keeps encouraging young scientists to keep working hard for our country. 1．A．attend B．remember C．treat D．burn 2．A．silent B．wide C．hard D．useful 3．A．research B．meeting C．shortage D．government 4．A．spread B．admired C．led D．spent 5．A．millions of B．million of C．millions D．million 6．A．So that B．Although C．Until D．If 7．A．increase B．protect C．prefer D．trust 8．A．looked B．forgot C．developed D．doubted 9．A．business B．degree C．kind D．century 10．A．greatly B．nearly C．carefully D．simply 11．A．nation B．illness C．order D．collection 12．A．turn off B．fall away C．hand in D．take care of 13．A．heart B．ease C．hunger D．disease 14．A．attack B．enjoy C．steal D．lose 15．A．tradition B．base C．balance D．spirit （二） A Letter from the Mountains When Chen Hao finished college, he had a good chance to stay in the city. But he 1 to go back to his home village and teach in the small school there. The school was old and poor. There were only three teachers and about forty students. The library had few 2 , and the walls were grey. But Chen Hao did not 3 . He painted the walls with the children and 4 a small garden behind the classroom. Life there was not easy. In winter, the road turned to ice, so he had to 5 to school in the dark. Sometimes he felt tired and 6 , but he never thought of leaving. “These children are like seeds,” he said. “They need time and 7 .” He taught his students with great 8 . When a shy girl was afraid to answer in class, he waited and smiled, “Take your time. Your idea is 9 to us.” Last spring, one of his students won a prize in a city writing competition. In her article, she wrote, “Mr Chen showed me that 10 is not a place but a way of thinking.” When Chen Hao read these words, his eyes were 11 with tears. Now, more young teachers have come to the village. They say his story has 12 them to choose this road. And Chen Hao is still there, standing 13 the blackboard he loves. He may never be 14 , but he has planted seeds of 15 in many young hearts. 1．A．refused B．decided C．forgot D．learned 2．A．books B．desks C．students D．windows 3．A．agree B．hurry C．return D．complain 4．A．closed B．found C．started D．lost 5．A．run B．walk C．drive D．swim 6．A．angry B．proud C．lonely D．excited 7．A．care B．money C．luck D．fame 8．A．courage B．speed C．fear D．patience 9．A．strange B．common C．important D．boring 10．A．home B．school C．money D．health 11．A．covered B．filled C．busy D．closed 12．A．warned B．forced C．ordered D．encouraged 13．A．under B．by C．above D．behind 14．A．rich B．tall C．famous D．young 15．A．hope B．fear C．anger D．money （三） Many people have their heroes. The people we 1 are often those who never give up and make great contributions (贡献) to the world. My favourite inspiring person is Yuan Longping. He was a famous agricultural 2 . When he was young, many people still suffered from hunger. Yuan Longping decided to do 3 on rice. It was really hard work. Day after day, he worked in the farm fields to 4 a new kind of rice. It was great 5 him to keep trying for years. Finally, his hybrid rice helped 6 hunger across many countries. He also 7 lots of young people to carry on farming research. Some inspiring people are scientists, while others are doctors or engineers. Florence Nightingale created modern nursing. She told people the 8 for clean hospitals to stop diseases from 9 . Isambard Brunel built railways and tunnels that helped his country turn 10 a modern nation. These people did not always have good chances when they started. Some even 11 out of school early. But they found every chance to learn and kept going. Their stories 12 us a lot. They tell us that we can also make a difference as long as we hold on to our dreams. It is important 13 us to learn from them. We don’t have to become world-famous people. But we can try our best and never 14 up when facing difficulties. Everyone has the power to be 15 in their own way. 1．A．hate B．admire C．forget D．avoid 2．A．researcher B．artist C．musician D．reporter 3．A．games B．sports C．research D．surveys 4．A．develop B．change C．sell D．cook 5．A．for B．to C．of D．with 6．A．increase B．reduce C．find D．spread 7．A．trained B．forced C．stopped D．ordered 8．A．secret B．need C．story D．price 9．A．spread B．spreading C．spreaded D．to spread 10．A．into B．to C．for D．with 11．A．cut B．dropped C．took D．got 12．A．surprise B．satisfy C．inspire D．interest 13．A．of B．for C．to D．at 14．A．give B．wake C．turn D．pick 15．A．careful B．creative C．brave D．inspiring （四） Zhong Yang is one of the most 1 scientists in China. He was a well-respected biologist who 2 his whole life researching plants and seeds. He was born in 1964. He showed great curiosity for nature and entered university at 15. At first he studied radio engineering, but later his interest turned to plants. He knew seed banks were important to 3 plant seeds and stop plants from disappearing forever. When he found there was not enough seed research in Xizang, he 4 there himself. It was really hard to brave cold weather and high heights. Sometimes he fell sick, but he never 5 his work. He started a programme to find and train local students for field research. Together with his team, they 6 over 40 million seeds. Zhong Yang believed important work needed more people. He hoped his students would 7 the road of scientific exploration after him. In 2017, the world was shocked by the news that he 8 in a car accident. Zhong Yang left more than just a huge seed collection. His love for research 9 on in his students. His story tells us that great people are not born perfect. They hold strong curiosity, keep trying and are 10 enough to face hard conditions. We can learn a lot from him. We may not become famous scientists, but we can have the same spirit: keep exploring and never give up. It is 11 for us to carry on his spirit. When we meet difficulties, we should keep going instead of 12 up. The seeds he collected may grow hundreds of years later, just like his spirit will 13 for many generations. People like Zhong Yang set good 14 for us and make the world a better place with their 15 work. 1．A．boring B．inspiring C．simple D．strange 2．A．spent B．took C．paid D．cost 3．A．sell B．collect C．plant D．eat 4．A．travelled B．walked C．swam D．flew 5．A．started B．continued C．stopped D．finished 6．A．bought B．collected C．grew D．sold 7．A．carry on B．give up C．look for D．take away 8．A．hurt B．died C．fell D．worked 9．A．walks B．lives C．calls D．turns 10．A．shy B．weak C．brave D．lazy 11．A．difficult B．silly C．important D．useless 12．A．give B．giving C．to give D．given 13．A．disappear B．change C．last D．break 14．A．examples B．rules C．plans D．prizes 15．A．easy B．simple C．common D．hard 三、人与自我--语言策略 （一） When Ms Gao asked me to help Grade 7 with their English night, I said yes before I understood what yes meant. The first night began with my small learner, a boy named Dou, reading every word with the wrong 1 . I showed him the online dictionary and let him 2 on the words he liked. Then we read a short 3 —he was the dragon, and I was the monk. His voice was tiny, so I read first, 4 and silly. After an hour, Ms Gao came with one line of 5 : “Find one good thing before you fix a bad one.” I followed her words, and my first 6 was his nose. “It is a good nose,” I said, “it smells every new word.” Dou’s eyes went wide, and we both said the word right. I began to use my own mistakes to my 7 . When I said a word wrong, we both grinned—the hard word became the easiest in the room. Week two brought 8 : a note from his teacher. Slow nights taught me to stay 9 . At the end of each night, Dou gave me his 10 on a small card—one star and one wish. I wrote my 11 on the whiteboard: one word, one sentence, one story. Last week, we tried a new 12 : Dou taught me maths, and I got one answer wrong on purpose. He made two 13 for me: speak slowly, and never help too fast. When my answer was wrong, his 14 was just like Ms Gao’s. “A teacher,” I told Ms Gao, “is an 15 person—someone who starts the talking.” I still keep Dou’s cards in my teaching diary, one star shining on every page. 1．A．meaning B．spelling C．picture D．pronunciation 2．A．click B．copy C．call D．clean 3．A．song B．letter C．dialogue D．poem 4．A．aloud B．silently C．quickly D．alone 5．A．money B．guidance C．food D．music 6．A．gift B．homework C．praise D．joke 7．A．advantage B．trouble C．dream D．way 8．A．luck B．results C．rain D．flowers 9．A．angry B．sleepy C．patient D．busy 10．A．homework B．address C．name D．feedback 11．A．method B．story C．song D．map 12．A．exam B．trip C．experiment D．match 13．A．jokes B．photos C．snacks D．rules 14．A．cry B．laugh C．shout D．whisper 15．A．quiet B．shy C．lazy D．active （二） When I was in the second year of my junior high school, one thing made me upset. I could never get a good score in my 1 tests. My scores were always just about 70 and even fewer. One day, I talked to my mum about that. 2 asked me to think about the reason. I thought about it carefully. And then I realized 3 my problem was. “Mum, the problem is really simple. I’ve got it, so I 4 the problem quickly.” “Oh?” Mum stopped her housework and listened carefully and 5 . “Yes. They’re so easy that I get careless when I work on them. Sometimes I take my 6 carelessly in class. And when I review them, I can’t really 7 them.” “I see,” Mum said. “No one is 8 with good learning habits. Though you are clever and outgoing, you are not careful enough. All these made you get bad grades in your maths.” “You’re right, Mum. I will try to be slow and 9 too.” “As a 10 goes, ‘Rome wasn’t built in one day.’ You can’t master any knowledge at once, either. You should 11 it again and again until you can use it easily. So you’d better have more practice.” “I will keep your words in 12 , Mum.” After that, I changed my learning 13 . I studied as carefully as I could. When I did maths exercises, I would read each 14 with great patience to find key words. Also after class, I kept reviewing all the knowledge I learnt in class. Then I 15 it with the exercises so that I could work them out. You know what? A few weeks later, I finally got a perfect score in maths! 1．A．Chinese B．English C．maths D．chemistry 2．A．He B．You C．She D．They 3．A．what B．how C．when D．why 4．A．put out B．give out C．hand out D．work out 5．A．actively B．secretly C．wisely D．patiently 6．A．brains B．abilities C．notes D．words 7．A．understand B．miss C．suggest D．receive 8．A．broken B．born C．shocked D．surprised 9．A．careful B．proper C．honest D．fair 10．A．sentence B．dialogue C．saying D．discussion 11．A．create B．correct C．review D．search 12．A．body B．hand C．mind D．face 13．A．places B．materials C．results D．habits 14．A．test B．subject C．partner D．sentence 15．A．shared B．connected C．looked D．picked （三） Mrs Li is our history teacher. Today she 1 us to study for the history test on Friday. I’m good at many subjects and can organize all kinds of activities, but I’ve always been 2 in history. Feeling nervous, I went to the library to remember historical facts and dates. But no matter how hard I tried, it seemed not 3 . Just then I looked 4 and found my classmate Maria sitting nearby. I joined her, and saw she had some 5 and colour pencils. Each card had a colourful 6 and key notes. I asked her what she was doing out of curiosity. “I’m reviewing history, ” Maria said with a 7 . She told me it was 8 to remember so many things, so she made these cards-historical events were written with 9 paintings and keywords on them. After 10 for a while, an idea hit me. I had rich experience in 11 organizing big events with mind maps before! Then I put these historical events into different kinds and used a mind map to 12 them. I also invited Maria to 13 pictures for them to show their meanings. With the cards and mind maps, 14 didn’t seem so hard any more. This experience taught 15 learning isn’t boring. The key is to find a suitable method and never give up. 1．A．warned B．reminded C．allowed D．ordered 2．A．busy B．free C．poor D．rich 3．A．wise B．silly C．useful D．real 4．A．up B．out C．down D．on 5．A．books B．boxes C．toys D．cards 6．A．map B．name C．picture D．text 7．A．smile B．cry C．worry D．dream 8．A．lazy B．hard C．tiny D．rich 9．A．private B．magical C．simple D．popular 10．A．thinking B．guessing C．questioning D．explaining 11．A．carefully B．comfortably C．successfully D．secretly 12．A．change B．connect C．collect D．spread 13．A．watch B．sing C．hang D．draw 14．A．English B．history C．physics D．Chinese 15．A．us B．her C．him D．them （三） The day I lost the city science contest, I hid in my room, sure that some people are born to fail. The next morning, Ms. Zhou waited by my door. “I will never be a 1 learner,” I told her. “Learning is not for me.” “Then you have a fixed 2 ,” she said, and sat down beside me. “Show me your contest notebook.” She read every page and wrote two lines at the end—her 3 . It was kind but honest—the best 4 I had ever received. “No prize next year,” she said. “I want to see 5 . Start with ten minutes of 6 a day—new things, hard things.” At night I sometimes sat in my own little 7 , unable to see the way out. Still, I began to 8 advantage of free science videos and old exam papers. The town library became my second home: its old books were my 9 , its quietness gave me patience. “The 10 I worked, the better I became,” I wrote in my diary. 11 addition, two serious boys let me join their Friday study table. Their habits pulled me up—one hour of mine became worth two, and we worked far more 12 than I had ever sat alone. This spring, my new project earned the city’s top prize, but the line I treasure is from my diary: “A 13 is not a wall—it is a door with a lesson written on it.” Ms. Zhou’s 14 come at the right time, like spring rain. “Same 15 ,” she told me one day, “mountains, valleys—and real treasure.” I still keep her two lines beside today’s ten minutes. 1．A．successful B．lovely C．awful D．shy 2．A．subject B．habit C．mindset D．colour 3．A．money B．food C．keys D．advice 4．A．lies B．feedback C．gifts D．rules 5．A．money B．speed C．growth D．friends 6．A．sleep B．talk C．cleaning D．practice 7．A．corner B．garden C．library D．kitchen 8．A．buy B．sell C．take D．lose 9．A．games B．resources C．shops D．holidays 10．A．longer B．less C．later D．slower 11．A．On B．At C．To D．In 12．A．loudly B．efficiently C．angrily D．sadly 13．A．winner B．teacher C．mistake D．holiday 14．A．smiles B．tests C．books D．prizes 15．A．book B．test C．drawer D．road （四） My grandpa and grandma have been married for 62 years. My grandpa is 86 years old. His memory is getting 1 , and he often forgets things. Yesterday, he asked me to take him to the 2 . He wanted to go out. I was glad because he couldn’t drive 3 himself. Grandma could stay home and rest. She always 4 when she looks after grandpa. I watched him. He held a cane (拐杖). He took small 5 . He looked on the shelves. I didn’t know 6 he wanted. I saw the things he put in the shopping cart (购物车). They were grandma’s 7 things. Sometimes grandpa could not 8 people around him. But he still knew what grandma liked. He 9 picked her favourite soda. He picked a bag of seedless grapes. Grandma talked about grapes days ago. He even 10 a small lemon pie! Then, 11 came to my eyes. He walked slowly to fresh 12 . He picked purple flowers. Purple is grandma’s favourite colour. On our way home, he said we must 13 . He wanted a sandwich for grandma’s lunch. We can learn a(n) 14 from Grandpa: Never stop 15 for the people we love. 1．A．better B．worse C．stronger D．fewer 2．A．bank B．park C．mall D．restaurant 3．A．for B．by C．with D．to 4．A．dresses herself up B．calms herself down C．wears herself out D．warms herself up 5．A．looks B．steps C．tools D．orders 6．A．what B．why C．where D．how 7．A．everyday B．favourite C．specific D．valuable 8．A．greet B．forget C．trust D．recognize 9．A．quickly B．suddenly C．loudly D．carefully 10．A．bought B．made C．kept D．sold 11．A．doubts B．tears C．surprises D．joys 12．A．vegetables B．bread C．flowers D．seafood 13．A．stop B．cook C．walk D．arrive 14．A．lesson B．present C．reason D．opinion 15．A．standing B．answering C．fighting D．caring 四、人与自我--方法与策略 （一） Last Sunday, I experienced a common memory problem. I drove to the shopping centre, parked, and walked inside. The moment I passed through the doors, I stopped. I had completely forgotten why I was there. I stood in the busy street, with my mind a complete 1 . This wasn’t the first time. I decided it was time to 2 this problem seriously. I found a quiet corner in a café and searched online. I learned that our working memory has limited 3 , like a small basket. It can only hold so much at once. To remember more, you need to move things to long-term memory. A useful 4 is “chunking”—grouping different information together. For example, it’s easier to 5 the number sequence 14921663 if you see it as 1492 and 1663, two important historical years. Excited, I wanted to 6 this method right away. My chance came when my grandfather asked me to help him 7 his old stamp collection. There were hundreds, from all over the world. I felt worried. Then, I remembered chunking. I didn’t try to remember each stamp. Instead, I 8 them by colour and then by country. The red ones from England, the blue ones from France… Suddenly, the task seemed possible. I was 9 in the information, not just seeing it. This small success changed my 10 . I started using the idea elsewhere. When learning a list of words, I would 11 words with similar meanings. I also learned that stress is bad for memory. A calm mind, like a 12 lake, shows information clearly. If I am in a hurry, I will take a deep breath first. 13 , before I leave home, I recall my keys, wallet, and phone. I haven’t had such a bad moment since. Memory isn’t about 14 forgetting. It’s about developing good 15 to find what you’ve stored. That day at the mall, I finally remembered I needed batteries. More importantly, I found a way to better manage my own mind, and that was the real find. 1．A．blank B．chain C．truth D．speed 2．A．view B．face C．test D．catch 3．A．effort B．cost C．space D．value 4．A．skill B．step C．tool D．habit 5．A．compare B．repeat C．organize D．remember 6．A．imagine B．practise C．discover D．accept 7．A．look through B．deal with C．pick up D．hand in 8．A．counted B．marked C．sorted D．checked 9．A．patient B．creative C．active D．careful 10．A．attitude B．plan C．dream D．choice 11．A．connect B．separate C．replace D．spell 12．A．smooth B．still C．wide D．deep 13．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Recently 14．A．never B．ever C．always D．usually 15．A．methods B．rules C．signs D．stories （二） One cool autumn afternoon after school, I lost my new blue wallet on the way to the mall with my grandma, which taught me a deep lesson about memory. I felt full of 1 and didn’t know how to react—my bus ticket and pocket money were both in it. I ran back along the road quickly, trying to 2 every corner I had passed, including the small ice cream shop, but I couldn’t find it anywhere. My grandpa found me crying in the yard and told me to calm down at once, patting my back gently. “Let’s think 3 ,” he said softly, sitting down beside me. “Try to 4 the last time you saw your wallet clearly.” I closed my eyes tightly and tried to 5 the position of my schoolbag when I walked past the small community park. I 6 that I might have dropped it when I stopped to watch a cute squirrel hiding brown nuts under an old oak tree, but I was too excited to check my bag carefully at that moment. We went back to the 7 slowly and searched every corner carefully, even asking the old park cleaner if she had seen a blue wallet. Soon, I found my wallet under an old oak tree, right next to a small brown nut that the squirrel had 8 . I felt so relieved and realized that 9 thinking is more effective than just running around in a hurry. This unforgettable 10 made me understand that memory is not just about memorizing facts, but about connecting things with our feelings and real-life experiences. I learned to 11 important moments in mind, like where I put my valuable things such as my wallet or keys. I also started to use small 12 to remember daily things, such as ticking a quick note in my notebook to mark where I left my bag. Now, I no longer 13 things easily, and I know how to 14 my memory to good use in both studies and daily life. This special experience has 15 my way of thinking about memory forever, making me a more careful and smart learner. 1．A．happiness B．sadness C．surprise D．fear 2．A．learn B．review C．check D．know 3．A．quickly B．carefully C．suddenly D．fully 4．A．understand B．guess C．notice D．recall 5．A．picture B．find C．see D．know 6．A．realized B．recognized C．studied D．reminded 7．A．mall B．park C．yard D．school 8．A．marked B．stolen C．thrown D．eaten 9．A．calm B．wild C．sudden D．short-term 10．A．lesson B．experience C．case D．memory 11．A．keep B．put C．take D．get 12．A．ways B．rules C．positions D．plans 13．A．mix up B．run out of C．go through D．leave behind 14．A．put B．take C．make D．get 15．A．improved B．reacted C．shaped D．changed （三） I still recall the hot summer after my Grade 8 exams, when my 80-year-old grandpa taught me how to make my memory better. At that time, I often 1 new English words and failed to keep key points in mind after class. I felt so stressed that I almost wanted to give up my English studies completely. Grandpa noticed my trouble and sat beside me with a warm, patient smile. “Don’t worry,” he said gently, patting my shoulder. “You can 2 difficult things into small parts to make them easier to remember.” He used his own experience as an example — he once 3 a long old poem into short lines, connecting each part with a small personal story, so he could remember them without much 4 . He also told me to focus on main ideas instead of every single word, which is 5 for my memory little by little. I followed his useful tips carefully and tried to 6 a short speech for my class presentation about my summer holiday. To my big surprise, I could remember most of the content 7 after only two hours of focused practice. When I 8 it in front of the whole class, my teacher praised me for my confident expression and clear logic, and my classmates clapped loudly for me. I felt so proud and realized that a good memory needs right 9 , not just endless hard work. Later, I used these useful tips to remember maths 10 and important historical dates in my history class. I no longer 11 different numbers or rules in exams, and my test scores improved a lot. I also learned to keep 12 diaries to record new knowledge. This valuable 13 taught me that with smart methods, even hard things can become easy to remember. I will 14 this important lesson in mind forever, and it will stay 15 in my studies and life in a positive way every day. 1．A．forgot B．wrote C．learned D．knew 2．A．break B．divide C．turn D．cut 3．A．split B．kept C．wrote D．read 4．A．case B．effort C．growth D．light 5．A．active B．helpful C．noisy D．boring 6．A．watch B．remember C．finish D．copy 7．A．fully B．quickly C．clearly D．slowly 8．A．practised B．told C．spoke D．shared 9．A．decisions B．plans C．skills D．ideas 10．A．facts B．rules C．words D．texts 11．A．take up B．give up C．look up D．mix up 12．A．daily B．careless C．favourite D．real 13．A．lesson B．story C．speech D．rule 14．A．keep B．take C．get D．put 15．A．lonely B．meaningful C．strange D．popular / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 完形填空（15空） (期中复习） 一、人与社会--家乡变化 （一） Suzhou is my hometown. It is a famous city in China. 1 it is not as big as Beijing, everyone in China knows this beautiful place. People 2 it as “Venice of the East”. Suzhou has a long history. There are many ancient Chinese 3 in Suzhou. Suzhou gardens are 4 the imperial (皇家的) parks in Beijing like the Summer Palace. They were built for the enjoyment of the private family. 5 invited guests and extended family for special parties, such as moon-viewing during the Moon Festival. Now the beautiful gardens have become famous tourist places in Suzhou. So a lot of tourists around the world come here to visit 6 every year. Suzhou is 7 famous for its large silk industry. In the past 30 years, my hometown has 8 rapidly (快速地) in many ways. The biggest change I have found is the 9 . On the one hand, many people here don’t live in the 10 houses any more. They have moved into the new high buildings and are enjoying the comfortable life. On 11 hand, nowadays builders have 12 thousands of modern buildings of different styles. I think this change is 13 because it has made Suzhou become more modern and more beautiful. To be honest, everything has changed 14 my hometown. I think you should think about 15 the beautiful city. I’m sure you will love it. 1．A．Although B．Because C．Whether D．Unless 2．A．check B．accept C．control D．regard 3．A．gardens B．capitals C．products D．railways 4．A．happy with B．different from C．similar to D．apart from 5．A．Soldiers B．Tourists C．Owners D．Gardeners 6．A．them B．it C．him D．her 7．A．forever B．never C．even D．also 8．A．spread B．admired C．changed D．moved 9．A．courage B．environment C．hunger D．century 10．A．expensive B．quiet C．new D．old 11．A．other B．another C．the other D．others 12．A．put up B．lived on C．dropped out D．cleaned up 13．A．wounded B．great C．strange D．whole 14．A．to B．for C．on D．in 15．A．protecting B．holding C．visiting D．achieving 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【解析】本文介绍了作者家乡苏州的历史、园林特色及丝绸产业，讲述了过去三十年家乡在居住环境方面的巨大变化，邀请人们来参观。 1．句意：虽然它不如北京大，但中国每个人都知道这个美丽的地方。 根据前后句存在转折逻辑，可知Although“虽然”符合语境；Because“因为”、Whether“是否”、Unless“除非”均不符合。 2．句意：人们把它看作“东方威尼斯”。 固定短语regard…as…，表示“把……看作”，regard符合语境；check“检查”、accept“接受”、control“控制”均不符合。 3．句意：苏州有许多中国古代园林。 根据下文多次提到苏州园林，可知gardens“园林”符合语境；capitals“首都”、products“产品”、railways“铁路”均不符合。 4．句意：苏州园林不同于北京皇家公园。 下文“私家享用”与“皇家”用途对比，different from“与……不同”符合语境；happy with“对……满意”、similar to“与……相似”、apart from“除了”均不符合。 5．句意：园林的主人邀请宾客以及大家庭成员参加特别的聚会，例如中秋赏月。 上文提到私人家庭拥有园林，Owners“主人”符合语境；Soldiers“士兵”、Tourists“游客”、Gardeners“园丁”均不符合。 6．句意：所以世界各地很多游客每年都来这里参观它们。 此处代词指代上文中的gardens，是复数事物，可知them“它们”符合语境；it“它”、him“他”、her“她”均不符合。 7．句意：苏州也因大型丝绸业闻名。 前面已经讲到苏州园林很有名，此处补充另外一个出名之处，also“也”符合语境；forever“永远”、never“从不”、even“甚至”均不符合。 8．句意：过去30年家乡在许多方面快速改变。 根据后文“The biggest change”，可知changed“改变”符合语境；spread“传播”、admired“羡慕”、moved“移动”均不符合。 9．句意：我发现最大的变化是环境。 下文讲述住房与城市楼房建设，属于城市环境方面，environment“环境”符合语境；courage“勇气”、hunger“饥饿”、century“世纪”均不符合。 10．句意：一方面，这里很多人不再住在旧房子里面了。 根据后一句“They have moved into the new high buildings”搬进新高楼，可知old“旧的”符合语境；expensive“昂贵的”、quiet“安静的”、new“新的”均不符合。 11．句意：另一方面，如今建筑者已经建起成千上万不同风格的现代化楼房。 根据固定搭配on the one hand … on the other hand，表示“一方面……另一方面……”，可知the other符合语境；other“其他的”、another“另一个”、others“其余的人或物”均不符合。 12．句意：另一方面，如今建筑者已经建起成千上万不同风格的现代化楼房。 根据后面的modern buildings，可知put up“建造；搭建”符合语境；lived on“靠……生活”、dropped out“退出”、cleaned up“打扫干净”均不符合。 13．句意：我认为这个变化很棒，因为它使苏州更现代美丽。 根据“made Suzhou become more modern and more beautiful”是向好的改变，可知great“极好的”符合语境；wounded“受伤的”、strange“奇怪的”、whole“整个的”均不符合。 14．句意：老实说，家乡的一切都变了。 固定搭配in my hometown“在家乡”，介词用in；to“到”、for“为了”、on“在……上”均不符合。 15．句意：我认为你应该考虑参观这座美丽的城市。 后文“I’m sure you will love it”表示邀请别人前来，可知visiting“参观；游览”符合语境；protecting“保护”、holding“举办”、achieving“实现”均不符合。 （二） We all know what our hometown is like. I grew up in what I 1 was a small town. When I was 18 years old, I 2 my hometown and went to college. I never knew about the 3 that were happening in my hometown. And I’d never thought that my hometown would change in such a short time. My hometown was small and the 4 where the local people lived were small and old. The roads were not 5 . They were so narrow that only one bus could pass. A few years later, when I went home, I 6 that there were many things to do in my hometown. Now I can walk to a big 7 for shopping. I can also go to a movie in a new cinema, which is very 8 and beautiful. There is even a big candy store that 9 all kinds of candies from different countries. I’ve always thought that my hometown is a small and quiet town. But now I realize that I am 10 . It is no longer the small town it used to be. Maybe that’s what growing up is like: You don’t 11 changes to happen, but you should accept them and learn to 12 those changes. In fact, I have 13 changed, too. I am not the little girl I once was. I’ve become a college student and gained a lot of 14 . So change sometimes is a 15 thing. 1．A．forgot B．thought C．sold D．hoped 2．A．left B．visited C．reminded D．described 3．A．changes B．results C．choices D．stories 4．A．factories B．houses C．streets D．roads 5．A．far B．small C．wide D．deep 6．A．discovered B．wondered C．decided D．explained 7．A．hospital B．market C．farm D．school 8．A．ancient B．modern C．dirty D．serious 9．A．supports B．appears C．creates D．sells 10．A．kind B．rich C．wrong D．correct 11．A．advise B．refuse C．expect D．lead 12．A．make use of B．take care of C．make fun of D．pay attention to 13．A．usually B．greatly C．nearly D．luckily 14．A．information B．link C．attention D．knowledge 15．A．bad B．good C．strange D．simple 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文讲述作者离家上大学后回家乡，发现家乡发生巨大变化，自己也成长许多，感悟到应接受变化，变化有时是好事。 1．句意：我在我自认为是小镇的地方长大。 根据“was a small town”可知此处表达作者的主观认知，thought意为“认为，以为”，符合语境。forgot“忘记”、sold“售卖”、hoped“希望”，均不符合表达主观认知的语境。 2．句意：我18岁的时候，离开家乡去上大学。 根据“went to college”可知上大学需要离开家乡，left意为“离开”，符合语境。visited“拜访”、reminded“提醒”、described“描述”，均不符合外出求学离开家乡的行为逻辑。 3．句意：我从来不知道家乡正在发生的变化。 根据后文家乡前后面貌的不同可知，此处指家乡发生的变化，changes意为“变化”，符合语境。results“结果”、choices“选择”、stories“故事”，均不能对应后文家乡面貌的改变。 4．句意：我的家乡很小，当地人居住的房屋又小又旧。 根据“where the local people lived”可知人们居住的场所是房屋，houses意为“房屋，房子”，符合语境。factories“工厂”、streets“街道”、roads“道路”，均不是人们居住的地方。 5．句意：道路并不宽阔。 根据“They were so narrow that only one bus could pass.”可知道路很窄，说明不宽，wide意为“宽阔的”，符合语境。far“远的”、small“小的”、deep“深的”，均不能描述道路的宽度。 6．句意：几年后我回到家，发现家乡有了很多可以做的事。 根据“A few years later, when I went home”可知作者返乡后亲眼看到了家乡的新变化，discovered意为“发现”，符合语境。wondered“想知道”、decided“决定”、explained“解释”，均不符合返乡后亲眼见证变化的语境。 7．句意：现在我可以步行去一个大型市场购物。 根据“for shopping”可知用于购物的场所是市场，market意为 “市场，商场”，符合语境。hospital“医院”、farm“农场”、school“学校”，均不是购物的场所。 8．句意：我还可以去一家新电影院看电影，它非常现代化也很漂亮。 根据“a new cinema”可知新影院具备现代化的特点，modern意为“现代的”，符合语境。ancient“古老的”、dirty“脏的”、serious“严肃的”，均不能形容新影院的特点。 9．句意：甚至还有一家大型糖果店，售卖来自不同国家的各式各样的糖果。 根据“a big candy store”和“all kinds of candies”可知糖果店的功能是售卖糖果，sells意为“售卖”，符合语境。supports“支持”、appears“出现”、creates“创造”，均不符合糖果店的经营属性。 10．句意：但现在我意识到我错了。它不再是过去那个小镇了。 根据“It is no longer the small town it used to be.”可知作者之前的认知出错了，wrong意为“错误的”，符合语境。kind“友善的”、rich“富有的”、correct“正确的”，均不符合前后认知反转的逻辑。 11．句意：也许这就是成长：你不会期待变化发生，但你应该接受它们，学会利用这些变化。 根据“changes to happen, but you should accept them”可知成长中变化不会被人提前预料，expect意为“期待，预料”，符合语境。advise“建议”、refuse“拒绝”、lead“带领”，均不符合成长中变化悄然发生的语境。 12．句意：也许这就是成长：你不会期待变化发生，但你应该接受它们，学会利用这些变化。 根据“accept them and learn to”可知面对变化要学会加以利用，make use of意为“利用”，符合语境。take care of“照顾”、make fun of“取笑”、pay attention to“注意”，均不能表达面对变化的正确做法。 13．句意：事实上，我自己也发生了很大的变化。 根据“I am not the little girl I once was.”可知作者的变化程度很大，greatly意为“极大地，非常”，符合语境。usually“通常”、nearly“几乎”、luckily“幸运地”，均不能体现变化的程度。 14．句意：我已经成为一名大学生，收获了很多知识。 根据“I’ve become a college student”可知上大学的核心收获是知识，knowledge意为“知识”，符合语境。information“信息”、link“联系”、attention“注意力”，均不符合大学成长的核心收获。 15．句意：所以有时候，改变是一件好事。 根据全文家乡变好、个人成长的内容可知，作者对变化持肯定态度，good意为“好的”，符合语境。bad“坏的”、strange“奇怪的”、simple“简单的”，均不符合全文对变化的正面态度。 （三） Great changes have taken place in China’s rural areas. With the 1 from the government in many aspects, a new socialist countryside has appeared in China. The farmers have 2 happy lives, and many buildings have been built. There are more new farmers with 3 knowledge of science and technology, laws and management. Many farming techniques (技术) have been modernized. With the help of scientists, farmers have used the latest technologies to increase agricultural (农业的) production without 4 the environment. As a result, the yearly income (收入) of the farmers has increased and their housing conditions have been 5 as well. People can 6 a clean, tidy and orderly environment. Besides, children can go to school without 7 and have free lunch at school. They can read at home 8 in the evening with good lighting. There are some highways and railways 9 the villages. The government also provides a medical care system for farmers. The beautiful socialist countryside has attracted many 10 visitors. They come from all over the world to visit it. We are happy for the farmers who have worked hard to 11 such a great hometown. We 12 the farmers will be richer and happier. Thanks to our 13 , we have seen the development of socialist countryside. As students, we should study hard to be well prepared for the 14 construction (建设) of the newer socialist countryside and make our 15 more beautiful and powerful. We will devote our youth and strength to the development of our great country in the future. 1．A．comfort B．support C．encouragement D．aid 2．A．led B．left C．guided D．followed 3．A．easy B．simple C．little D．basic 4．A．protecting B．controlling C．harming D．changing 5．A．raised B．improved C．developed D．corrected 6．A．hold B．protect C．receive D．enjoy 7．A．paying B．making C．showing D．thinking 8．A．quickly B．hardly C．comfortably D．loudly 9．A．running out B．running through C．passing down D．passing out 10．A．natural B．local C．public D．foreign 11．A．build B．find C．make D．visit 12．A．discuss B．guess C．believe D．explain 13．A．villager B．government C．scientist D．business 14．A．capital B．space C．housing D．future 15．A．country B．city C．capital D．track 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【解析】本文介绍了中国农村在政府支持下发生的巨大变化，包括农业现代化、农民生活改善、教育医疗条件提升以及乡村旅游发展，并号召学生努力学习，为未来建设更美好的社会主义新农村贡献力量。 1．句意：在政府多方面的支持下，中国出现了社会主义新农村。 根据下文“The government also provides a medical care system for farmers.”可知，政府提供了多方面支持，support“支持”符合语境。comfort“安慰”；encouragement“鼓励”；aid“援助”，均不如support概括政府在多方面的扶持。 2．句意：农民们过着幸福的生活，许多建筑已经建成。 根据“happy lives”可知，农民过上了幸福生活，led“过着”符合语境。left“离开”；guided“引导”；followed“跟随”，均不能与lives构成“过着……生活”的搭配。 3．句意：有更多拥有基础科学、技术、法律和管理知识的新型农民。 根据“knowledge of science and technology, laws and management”可知，这里指新型农民具备基础知识，basic“基本的”符合语境。easy“容易的”；simple“简单的”；little“少的”，均不如“基本的”符合新型农民应具备的知识。 4．句意：在科学家的帮助下，农民使用最新技术来提高农业产量，而不破坏环境。 根据“without...the environment”可知，提高产量同时不破坏环境，harming“破坏”符合语境。protecting“保护”；controlling“控制”；changing“改变”，均不符合“不破坏环境”的否定语境。 5．句意：因此，农民的年收入增加了，住房条件也得到了改善。 根据“their housing conditions have been...as well”可知，住房条件得到改善，improved“改善”符合语境。raised“提高”；developed“发展”；corrected“纠正”，均不如“改善”符合住房条件变好的语境。 6．句意：人们能享受干净、整洁、有序的环境。 根据“a clean, tidy and orderly environment”可知，人们享受这样的环境，enjoy“享受”符合语境。hold“持有”；protect“保护”；receive“收到”，均不如“享受”符合人们生活在良好环境中的语境。 7．句意：此外，孩子们可以无忧无虑地上学，在学校吃免费午餐。 根据“children can go to school without...and have free lunch at school”可知，孩子上学没有经济负担，paying“支付”符合语境。making“制作”；showing“展示”；thinking“思考”，均不符合“上学没有付费负担”的语境。 8．句意：晚上他们可以在家里舒适的灯光下阅读。 根据“with good lighting”可知，良好的照明让阅读更舒适，comfortably“舒适地”符合语境。quickly“快速地”；hardly“几乎不”；loudly“大声地”，均不符合良好照明下阅读的语境。 9．句意：有一些公路和铁路穿过村庄。 根据“highways and railways...the villages”可知，公路和铁路穿过村庄，running through“穿过”符合语境。running out“用完”；passing down“传下来”；passing out“昏倒”，均不符合公路铁路穿村而过的语境。 10．句意：美丽的社会主义新农村吸引了许多外国游客。 根据“They come from all over the world to visit it.”可知，游客来自世界各地，foreign“外国的”符合语境。natural“自然的”；local“当地的”；public“公共的”，均不符合“来自世界各地”的语境。 11．句意：我们为那些努力建设如此美好的家乡的农民感到高兴。 根据“such a great hometown”可知，农民努力建设美好家乡，build“建设”符合语境。find“找到”；make“制作”；visit“参观”，均不如“建设”符合农民努力改变家乡的语境。 12．句意：我们相信农民们会更富有、更幸福。 根据“the farmers will be richer and happier”可知，这里表达一种信念，believe“相信”符合语境。discuss“讨论”；guess“猜测”；explain“解释”，均不如“相信”符合对未来的美好期许。 13．句意：多亏了我们的政府，我们看到了社会主义农村的发展。 根据全文政府支持农村发展的内容可知，这里感谢政府，government“政府”符合语境。villager“村民”；scientist“科学家”；business“商业”，均不符合推动农村发展的主体。 14．句意：作为学生，我们应该努力学习，为未来建设更美好的社会主义新农村做好准备，使我们的国家更加美丽和强大。 根据“the...construction of the newer socialist countryside”可知，这里指未来的建设，future“未来的”符合语境。capital“首都的”；space“太空的”；housing“住房的”，均不符合“未来建设”的语境。 15．句意：作为学生，我们应该努力学习，为未来建设更美好的社会主义新农村做好准备，使我们的国家更加美丽和强大。 根据“make our...more beautiful and powerful”可知，这里指我们的国家，country“国家”符合语境。city“城市”；capital“首都”；track“轨道”，均不如“国家”符合“更美丽、更强大”的语境。 （四） Cities are like living books, telling stories of the past and present. Take Shanghai for example. Several hundred years ago, it was a small town with old houses and narrow streets. People mainly 1 by fishing, growing rice, making cotton clothes and selling goods. Most families lived in small houses. In the 1920s, things changed 2 . Foreign traders arrived, and new buildings, such as banks and hotels, were built. Trams and buses appeared, making travel within the city easier. However, not everyone 3 . Many poor families still lived in crowded areas without enough water or electricity. After 1949, Shanghai 4 rapidly. The government built wide roads and bridges, connecting different parts of the city. Factories were set up, creating 5 for thousands of people. In the 1990s, skyscrapers (摩天大楼) started to fill the skyline. The Oriental Pearl Tower (东方明珠), which was completed in 1994, became a 6 of the city’s growth. Today, Shanghai is a global city. High-speed trains carry passengers to other cities in hours, 7 the journey used to take days by train. People pay with smartphones instead of cash, and online shopping is part of daily life. Old neighbourhoods, however, still 8 . In places like Xintiandi, traditional stone houses stand next to modern shops, showing the 9 between the past and the present. What makes these changes 10 ? It’s hard work and new technology. Workers built tunnels under rivers to connect different areas. Scientists developed new ways to 11 ancient buildings while building new ones. Educators taught people new skills to meet the challenges of the changing world. Though life is much 12 now, some people miss the past. They talk about the days when neighbours knew each other well. But most agree that 13 is good. It has brought better healthcare, better schools, and more chances for everyone. Cities teach us that change is 14 . They remind us to value the past while looking forward to the future. As the saying goes, “You can’t step into the same river twice.” Time 15 and nothing stays unchanged, yet every change leaves precious stories behind us. And in that long story of change, we find the true spirit of growth and connection that makes every city alive and meaningful. 1．A．lived B．focused C．followed D．acted 2．A．simply B．luckily C．recently D．greatly 3．A．supported B．benefited C．agreed D．appeared 4．A．developed B．divided C．returned D．copied 5．A．problems B．circles C．jobs D．works 6．A．corner B．symbol C．duty D．guard 7．A．while B．if C．as D．until 8．A．leave B．rise C．remain D．cover 9．A．activity B．secret C．distance D．connection 10．A．important B．clear C．necessary D．possible 11．A．protect B．break C．replace D．hide 12．A．harder B．shorter C．fairer D．easier 13．A．culture B．history C．progress D．research 14．A．correct B．natural C．strange D．sudden 15．A．depends on B．holds on C．moves on D．turns on 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海从几百年前的小城镇发展成为全球大都市的历程，展现了城市变迁及人们对过去与未来的思考。 1．句意：人们主要以捕鱼、种稻、做棉衣和卖货为生。 根据“by fishing, growing rice, making cotton clothes and selling goods”可知是以捕鱼、种稻、做棉衣和卖货为生，live by是固定搭配，意为“以……为生”，lived符合语境；focused“关注”、followed“跟随”、acted“行动”均不符合。 2．句意：在20世纪20年代，情况发生了巨大的变化。 根据后文提到的外国商人到来、新建筑出现等描述，说明变化程度很大，greatly“巨大地”符合语境；simply“简单地”、luckily“幸运地”、recently“最近”均不符合。 3．句意：然而，并不是每个人都受益了。 前文提到交通变得便利，但后文说许多贫困家庭仍住在拥挤且缺乏水电的地区，说明这些人没有从中获益，benefited“受益”符合语境；supported“支持”、agreed“同意”、appeared“出现”均不符合。 4．句意：1949年后，上海迅速发展。 根据后文修建道路、桥梁、工厂等描述，可知上海“发展”迅速，developed符合语境；divided“分裂”、returned“返回”、copied“复制”均不符合。 5．句意：建立了工厂，为成千上万的人创造了工作机会。 根据“for thousands of people”可知工厂为人们提供了工作机会，jobs“工作”符合语境；problems“问题”、circles“圈子”、works“作品（通常指艺术或工程整体）”在此处不如jobs准确。 6．句意：东方明珠塔成为了城市成长的象征。 become a symbol of是固定搭配，意为“成为……的象征”，symbol符合语境；corner“角落”、duty“责任”、guard“守卫”均不符合。 7．句意：高铁几小时内就能把乘客送到其他城市，而过去坐火车需要几天时间。 while在此处表示对比“而”，符合新旧交通方式耗时差异的语境；if“如果”、as“当……时/因为”、until“直到”均不符合。 8．句意：然而，旧街区依然存在。 remain“保留、存在”符合“老建筑还在”的语境；leave“离开”、rise“上升”、cover“覆盖”均不符合。 9．句意：在传统石屋旁边矗立着现代商店，展示了过去与现在的联系。 connection“联系”符合新旧建筑共存体现的历史延续性；activity“活动”、secret“秘密”、distance“距离”均不符合。 10．句意：是什么使这些改变成为可能？ 此处探讨的是实现巨大变化的条件和动力，possible“可能的”符合语境，意为“让改变成为现实/可能”；important“重要的”、clear“清晰的”、necessary“必要的”均不如possible贴合后文对“手段/条件”的回答。 11．句意：科学家们开发了新方法，在建设新建筑的同时保护古建筑。 protect“保护”符合对待古建筑的合理态度；break“破坏”、replace“替换”、hide“隐藏”均不符合。 12．句意：虽然现在生活轻松多了，一些人仍想念过去。 根据前文提到的医疗、学校更好，机会更多，可知生活变轻松了，easier“更容易的/轻松的”符合语境；harder“更难的”、shorter“更短的”、fairer“更公平的”均不符合主要语境。 13．句意：但大多数人认为进步是好事。 全文主旨是讲述城市的变迁和发展，progress“进步”符合语境；culture“文化”、history“历史”、research“研究”均不符合主旨。 14．句意：城市教导我们，变化是自然的。 “You can’t step into the same river twice”引用暗示事物不断流动变化是自然规律，natural“自然的”符合语境；correct“正确的”、strange“奇怪的”、sudden“突然的”均不符合。 15．句意：时间在流逝，没有任何东西保持不变。 Time moves on是常用表达，意为“时间流逝”，moves on符合语境；depends on“取决于”、holds on“坚持/稍等”、turns on“打开”均不符合。 二、人与社会--著名人物 （一） China is the country that eats the most watermelons in the world. When we sit in the room and eat watermelons freely, we should 1 our melon queen — Wu Mingzhu. Wu Mingzhu was born in January 1930 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. It was 2 to believe that such a woman would do farm work on the melon land in those days. After finishing her studies in university, she went to Xinjiang to begin her 3 on melons. She and the whole team 4 3 years travelling to the melon lands there. By 1962, they had visited more than 300 production teams. Their handwritten information has over five 5 words. In 1973, Wu Mingzhu went to Hainan. 6 the conditions there were even more difficult than those in Xinjiang, she never gave up. She kept thinking about what to do to 7 the growing speed (速度). In the 1990s, she and her team 8 “8424”, a high-grade watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then they gradually spread this 9 of watermelon to northern areas of China. Her efforts have 10 changed the cultivation (种植) of watermelons in China. Sadly, she got Alzheimer’s when she was 81 years old. As time went by, her 11 was more and more serious. She always forgot her friends or relatives. But she always remembered to ask others to 12 her watermelons. All her life, Wu put all her 13 into watermelon research. She hoped more people could 14 sweet, tasty watermelons. Her 15 keeps encouraging young scientists to keep working hard for our country. 1．A．attend B．remember C．treat D．burn 2．A．silent B．wide C．hard D．useful 3．A．research B．meeting C．shortage D．government 4．A．spread B．admired C．led D．spent 5．A．millions of B．million of C．millions D．million 6．A．So that B．Although C．Until D．If 7．A．increase B．protect C．prefer D．trust 8．A．looked B．forgot C．developed D．doubted 9．A．business B．degree C．kind D．century 10．A．greatly B．nearly C．carefully D．simply 11．A．nation B．illness C．order D．collection 12．A．turn off B．fall away C．hand in D．take care of 13．A．heart B．ease C．hunger D．disease 14．A．attack B．enjoy C．steal D．lose 15．A．tradition B．base C．balance D．spirit 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“瓜后”吴明珠一生致力于西瓜研究，为中国西瓜栽培做出了巨大贡献。即使晚年患病，她依然心系西瓜，她的精神激励着年轻科学家。 1．句意：当我们坐在房间里自由地吃着西瓜时，我们应该记住我们的“瓜后”——吴明珠。 根据“our melon queen — Wu Mingzhu”及后文都在讲述吴明珠的事迹可知，此处指记住“瓜后”吴明珠，应该填remember。attend意为“参加”；treat意为“对待”；burn意为“燃烧”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：很难相信这样一个女人在那个年代会在瓜地里干农活。 根据“to believe that such a woman would do farm work on the melon land”及后文可知，吴明珠是大学生，所以很难相信她会干农活，应该填hard。silent意为“沉默的”；wide意为“宽的”；useful意为“有用的”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：大学毕业后，她去了新疆，开始了对瓜的研究。 根据“After finishing her studies in university, she went to Xinjiang to begin her...on melons.”及后文介绍可知，她去了新疆是研究西瓜，应该填research。meeting意为“会议”；shortage意为“短缺”；government意为“政府”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：她和整个团队花了3年时间去那里的瓜地考察。 根据“3 years travelling to the melon lands there.”可知，此处考查固定搭配spend time doing sth.，表示“花费时间做某事”。spread意为“传播”；admired意为“钦佩”；led意为“带领”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：他们手写的信息超过五百万字。 根据“five...words”可知，此处表示“五百万字”，具体数字后接million，用单数形式，即“five million words”。 6．句意：尽管那里的条件比新疆更艰苦，但她从未放弃。 根据“the conditions there were even more difficult than those in Xinjiang”和“she never gave up.”可知，前后句是让步关系，用Although引导让步状语从句。So that意为“以便”；Until意为“直到”；If意为“如果”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：她一直在思考如何提高生长速度。 根据“the growing speed”可知，思考如何提高生长速度，应该用increase。protect意为“保护”；prefer意为“更喜欢”；trust意为“信任”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：在20世纪90年代，她和她的团队培育了“8424”，这是江浙一带的一种高档西瓜。 根据“‘8424’, a high-grade watermelon”可知，此处指培育出了新品种的西瓜，应该填developed。looked意为“看”；forgot意为“忘记”；doubted意为“怀疑”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：然后他们逐渐把这种西瓜传播到中国北方地区。 根据“in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces”以及“ to northern areas of China”可知，此处指要把这种8424西瓜传播到中国的北方，所以填kind。business意为“商业”；degree意为“程度”；century意为“世纪”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：她的努力极大地改变了中国西瓜的种植。 根据“Her efforts have changed the cultivation of watermelons in China.”以及吴明珠对西瓜种植的贡献可知，此处指极大地改变了西瓜的种植，所以填greatly。nearly意为“几乎”；carefully意为“仔细地”；simply意为“简单地”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：随着时间的推移，她的病情越来越严重。 根据前文“She got Alzheimer’s when she was 81 years old.”可知，此处指她的病情越来越严重，所以填illness。nation意为“国家”；order意为“命令”；collection意为“收集”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：但她总是记得让别人照顾她的西瓜。 根据“But she always remembered to ask others”及她全心投入工作的语境可知，此处指记得让别人照顾她的西瓜，所以填take care of。turn off意为“关掉”；fall away意为“脱落”；hand in意为“上交”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：吴一生把所有的心血都投入到西瓜研究中。 根据“put all her...into watermelon research”可知，此处考查短语put one’s heart into...，意为“把心血投入到……中”。ease意为“舒适”；hunger意为“饥饿”；disease意为“疾病”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：她希望更多的人能享用甜美可口的西瓜。 根据“She hoped more people could”以及“sweet, tasty watermelons”可知，吴明珠辛勤工作时为了让人们享用美味的西瓜，所以填enjoy。attack意为“攻击”；steal意为“偷”；lose意为“失去”，均不符合语境。 15．句意：她的精神一直激励着年轻科学家为我们的国家努力工作。 根据“keeps encouraging young scientists to keep working hard for our country”以及整篇文章可知，是她的精神激励着年轻科学家，所以填spirit。tradition意为“传统”；base意为“基础”；balance意为“平衡”，均不符合语境。 （二） A Letter from the Mountains When Chen Hao finished college, he had a good chance to stay in the city. But he 1 to go back to his home village and teach in the small school there. The school was old and poor. There were only three teachers and about forty students. The library had few 2 , and the walls were grey. But Chen Hao did not 3 . He painted the walls with the children and 4 a small garden behind the classroom. Life there was not easy. In winter, the road turned to ice, so he had to 5 to school in the dark. Sometimes he felt tired and 6 , but he never thought of leaving. “These children are like seeds,” he said. “They need time and 7 .” He taught his students with great 8 . When a shy girl was afraid to answer in class, he waited and smiled, “Take your time. Your idea is 9 to us.” Last spring, one of his students won a prize in a city writing competition. In her article, she wrote, “Mr Chen showed me that 10 is not a place but a way of thinking.” When Chen Hao read these words, his eyes were 11 with tears. Now, more young teachers have come to the village. They say his story has 12 them to choose this road. And Chen Hao is still there, standing 13 the blackboard he loves. He may never be 14 , but he has planted seeds of 15 in many young hearts. 1．A．refused B．decided C．forgot D．learned 2．A．books B．desks C．students D．windows 3．A．agree B．hurry C．return D．complain 4．A．closed B．found C．started D．lost 5．A．run B．walk C．drive D．swim 6．A．angry B．proud C．lonely D．excited 7．A．care B．money C．luck D．fame 8．A．courage B．speed C．fear D．patience 9．A．strange B．common C．important D．boring 10．A．home B．school C．money D．health 11．A．covered B．filled C．busy D．closed 12．A．warned B．forced C．ordered D．encouraged 13．A．under B．by C．above D．behind 14．A．rich B．tall C．famous D．young 15．A．hope B．fear C．anger D．money 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了陈浩大学毕业后放弃城市机会，回乡支教，克服困难，用耐心和爱心改变学生命运的故事。 1．句意：但他决定回到家乡山村并在当地小学校教书。 根据“But he...to go back”及下文他在学校教书的事实，可知他选择了回去，decided表示“决定”，符合逻辑。 2．句意：图书馆几乎没有书，墙壁是灰色的。 根据“library”可知，图书馆里面主要存放的是书籍，books表示“书”，符合图书馆里存放书籍的逻辑。 3．句意：但陈浩没有抱怨。 根据后文“He painted the walls with the children and...a small garden behind the classroom.”可知，他粉刷墙壁、开辟花园，这些积极的行动表示他没有因条件差而抱怨，complain表示“抱怨”符合语境。 4．句意：他和孩子们一起粉刷墙壁，并在教室后开辟了一个小花园。 根据“a small garden”可知，此处是创建或开始建造花园，started表示“开始”，即“着手建立”，符合改善学校的行动。 5．句意：冬天路结冰，所以他不得不摸黑走路去学校。 根据“road turned to ice”及乡村条件，可知走路是最安全可行的方式，walk表示“走路”，符合艰苦通勤的语境。 6．句意：有时他感到疲惫和孤独，但从未想过离开。 根据“tired and...”及“never thought of leaving”可知，此处为负面情绪，与tired并列，lonely表示“孤独的”，符合独自乡村支教的心理状态。 7．句意：他们需要时间和关爱。 根据上句“These children are like seeds,”孩子们像种子的比喻，可知种子生长需要时间和照料，care表示“关心”，符合教育孩子的需求。 8．句意：他以极大的耐心教他的学生。 根据后文“waited and smiled”可知，他很有耐心，patience表示“耐心”，符合他教导学生的态度。 9．句意：你的想法对我们很重要。 根据老师鼓励学生的语境，应肯定学生的价值，固定搭配be important to sb表示“对某人很重要”，important表示“重要的”，符合搭配和语境。 10．句意：陈老师向我展示，家不是一个地方，而是一种思维方式。 根据“not a place but a way of thinking”及他回乡的主题，可知此处是引用关于家的表述，home表示“家”，符合逻辑。 11．句意：当陈浩读到这些话时，眼里充满泪水。 根据“with tears”可知，此处指眼里充满泪水，固定搭配be filled with表示“充满”，符合语境和搭配。 12．句意：他们说他的故事鼓励他们选择了这条路。 前文说现在更多年轻老师来到村里，他们是被陈浩的故事鼓舞，选择走支教这条路，encouraged表示“激励”，符合语境。 13．句意：陈浩仍在那里，站在他热爱的黑板旁。 根据老师教学的场景，通常站在黑板旁边或前面，by表示“在旁边”，符合语境。 14．句意：他可能永远不出名，但他在许多年轻的心中种下了希望的种子。 根据转折连词“but”及后文的影响力，可知此处对比名声，famous表示“著名的、出名的”，符合英雄无名但伟大的主题。 15．句意：他可能永远不出名，但他在许多年轻的心中种下了希望的种子。 他在很多年轻孩子的心里种下的是希望的种子，是全文支教故事传递的正向内核，，hope表示“希望”，符合语境和主题。 （三） Many people have their heroes. The people we 1 are often those who never give up and make great contributions (贡献) to the world. My favourite inspiring person is Yuan Longping. He was a famous agricultural 2 . When he was young, many people still suffered from hunger. Yuan Longping decided to do 3 on rice. It was really hard work. Day after day, he worked in the farm fields to 4 a new kind of rice. It was great 5 him to keep trying for years. Finally, his hybrid rice helped 6 hunger across many countries. He also 7 lots of young people to carry on farming research. Some inspiring people are scientists, while others are doctors or engineers. Florence Nightingale created modern nursing. She told people the 8 for clean hospitals to stop diseases from 9 . Isambard Brunel built railways and tunnels that helped his country turn 10 a modern nation. These people did not always have good chances when they started. Some even 11 out of school early. But they found every chance to learn and kept going. Their stories 12 us a lot. They tell us that we can also make a difference as long as we hold on to our dreams. It is important 13 us to learn from them. We don’t have to become world-famous people. But we can try our best and never 14 up when facing difficulties. Everyone has the power to be 15 in their own way. 1．A．hate B．admire C．forget D．avoid 2．A．researcher B．artist C．musician D．reporter 3．A．games B．sports C．research D．surveys 4．A．develop B．change C．sell D．cook 5．A．for B．to C．of D．with 6．A．increase B．reduce C．find D．spread 7．A．trained B．forced C．stopped D．ordered 8．A．secret B．need C．story D．price 9．A．spread B．spreading C．spreaded D．to spread 10．A．into B．to C．for D．with 11．A．cut B．dropped C．took D．got 12．A．surprise B．satisfy C．inspire D．interest 13．A．of B．for C．to D．at 14．A．give B．wake C．turn D．pick 15．A．careful B．creative C．brave D．inspiring 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文介绍了袁隆平、南丁格尔等英雄的事迹。他们坚持不懈，为世界做贡献，激励我们面对困难不放弃，每个人都能成为鼓舞人心的人。 1．句意：我们钦佩的人通常是那些永不放弃并为世界做出巨大贡献的人。 根据“heroes”，可知英雄值得钦佩，admire“钦佩”符合语境。其他选项hate“讨厌”、forget“忘记”、avoid“避免”情感色彩不符。 2．句意：他是一位著名的农业研究员。 根据后文“do research on rice”，可知他是农业研究员，用researcher“研究员”。其他选项artist“艺术家”、musician“音乐家”、reporter“记者”职业不符。 3．句意：袁隆平决定做关于水稻的研究。 根据固定搭配“do research on”，可知是做研究，research“研究”符合语境。其他选项games“游戏”、sports“运动”、surveys“调查”与科学工作无关。 4．句意：日复一日，他在农田工作以开发一种新水稻。 根据“new kind of rice”，可知科研目的是培育新品种。develop“开发、培育”符合语境。其他选项change“改变”、sell“卖”、cook“煮”均不符合科研过程。 5．句意：他坚持多年真是伟大。 在句型“It is +adj+ of/for sb. to do sth.”中，形容词形容人的品质时，介词用of，形容词形容物的性质时，用介词for，此处形容词great赞扬他的品格，用of。 6．句意：最后，他的杂交水稻帮助减少许多国家的饥饿。 根据“...his hybrid rice helped...hunger”，可知杂交水稻帮助减少饥饿，reduce“减少”符合语境。其他选项increase“增加”、find“找到”、spread“传播”逻辑相反。 7．句意：他也培训许多年轻人继续农业研究。 根据“carry on farming research”，可知是培训年轻人，trained“培训”符合语境。其他选项force“强迫”、stopped“停止”、ordered“命令”情感色彩不当。 8．句意：她告诉人们，需要拥有干净的医院，才能防止疾病传播。 根据“stop diseases”，可知卫生对防病很重要，need“需求、需要”符合语境，the need for sth.表示“对某物的需求/必要性”。其他选项secret“秘密”、story“故事”、price“价格”均不符合逻辑。 9．句意：她告诉人们，需要拥有干净的医院，才能防止疾病传播。 “from”是介词，后接doing，用spreading。 10．句意：Isambard Brunel修建了铁路和隧道，帮助他的国家成为一个现代化的国家。 根据“a modern nation”可知是变成一个现代化的国家，“turn into”意为“变成”，用into。其他介词搭配不当。 11．句意：有些人甚至早早退学。 此处是固定搭配“drop out of school”，意为“辍学”。其他选项无此搭配。 12．句意：他们的故事激励我们很多。 根据前文“inspiring person”，可知英雄故事给人力量，inspire“激励”符合语境。其他选项surprise“惊讶”、satisfy“满足”、interest“感兴趣”均不符合主旨。 13．句意：向他们学习对我们来说很重要。 在句型“It is +adj+ of/for sb. to do sth.”中，形容词形容人的品质时，介词用of，形容词形容物的性质时，用介词for，此处形容词important形容“向他们学习”这件事，用介词for。 14．句意：但我们可以尽最大努力，在遇到困难时永不放弃。 根据“ up when facing difficulties”可知面对困难时不要放弃，固定搭配“give up”，意为“放弃”。 15．句意：每个人都有力量以自己的方式成为鼓舞人心的人。 根据文章主题“inspiring person”，可知是成为鼓舞人心的人，inspiring“鼓舞人心的”符合语境。其他选项careful“小心的”、creative“创造性的”、brave“勇敢的”偏离主题。 （四） Zhong Yang is one of the most 1 scientists in China. He was a well-respected biologist who 2 his whole life researching plants and seeds. He was born in 1964. He showed great curiosity for nature and entered university at 15. At first he studied radio engineering, but later his interest turned to plants. He knew seed banks were important to 3 plant seeds and stop plants from disappearing forever. When he found there was not enough seed research in Xizang, he 4 there himself. It was really hard to brave cold weather and high heights. Sometimes he fell sick, but he never 5 his work. He started a programme to find and train local students for field research. Together with his team, they 6 over 40 million seeds. Zhong Yang believed important work needed more people. He hoped his students would 7 the road of scientific exploration after him. In 2017, the world was shocked by the news that he 8 in a car accident. Zhong Yang left more than just a huge seed collection. His love for research 9 on in his students. His story tells us that great people are not born perfect. They hold strong curiosity, keep trying and are 10 enough to face hard conditions. We can learn a lot from him. We may not become famous scientists, but we can have the same spirit: keep exploring and never give up. It is 11 for us to carry on his spirit. When we meet difficulties, we should keep going instead of 12 up. The seeds he collected may grow hundreds of years later, just like his spirit will 13 for many generations. People like Zhong Yang set good 14 for us and make the world a better place with their 15 work. 1．A．boring B．inspiring C．simple D．strange 2．A．spent B．took C．paid D．cost 3．A．sell B．collect C．plant D．eat 4．A．travelled B．walked C．swam D．flew 5．A．started B．continued C．stopped D．finished 6．A．bought B．collected C．grew D．sold 7．A．carry on B．give up C．look for D．take away 8．A．hurt B．died C．fell D．worked 9．A．walks B．lives C．calls D．turns 10．A．shy B．weak C．brave D．lazy 11．A．difficult B．silly C．important D．useless 12．A．give B．giving C．to give D．given 13．A．disappear B．change C．last D．break 14．A．examples B．rules C．plans D．prizes 15．A．easy B．simple C．common D．hard 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文讲述了我国著名生物学家钟扬毕生投身植物与种子研究，远赴西藏开展科考、培养科研人才，最终将生命奉献给科学事业的感人故事，传递出坚持探索、永不放弃的科研精神。 1．句意：钟扬是中国最具启发性的科学家之一。 后文提到他受人尊敬、毕生投入科研，inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的、启发性的”，完全符合对这位伟大科学家的正面评价。 2．句意：他是一位受人尊敬的生物学家，用一生的时间研究植物和种子。 此处考查固定搭配spend one’s whole life doing sth，意为“毕生投入做某事”，spent是spend的过去式，主语为人，符合语境。 3．句意：他知道种子库对于收集植物种子、阻止植物永久消失至关重要。 种子库的核心功能就是收集保存植物种子，collect意为“收集”，与后文多次出现的“收集种子”情节形成语义呼应。 4．句意：当他发现西藏的种子研究不足时，他亲自前往那里。 为了开展科考工作，他专程前往西藏，travelled意为“前往、远行”，符合奔赴偏远地区开展科研的语境。 5．句意：有时他会生病，但他从未停止自己的工作。 前文提到条件艰苦、他时常生病，转折词but说明他没有中断工作，stopped意为“停止”，符合他坚守岗位的行为逻辑。 6．句意：他和团队一起，收集了超过4000万颗种子。 全文围绕种子收集的核心主题展开，collected意为“收集”，是钟扬科研工作的核心动作，与前文种子库的内容呼应。 7．句意：他希望自己的学生能在他之后继续走科学探索的道路。 carry on是固定短语，意为“继续、传承”，对应他希望学生延续科研事业的心愿。 8．句意：2017年，他在一场车祸中离世的消息震惊了全世界。 后文提到他留下了大量种子收藏，说明他在车祸中不幸去世，died意为“去世”，符合这一事实背景。 9．句意：他对科研的热爱在他的学生身上延续下去。 live on是固定短语，意为“继续存在、传承”，这里用lives体现精神代代相传的含义，符合语境。 10．句意：他们怀有强烈的好奇心，不断尝试，并且足够勇敢去面对艰苦的环境。 前文提到他勇敢对抗严寒和高海拔，brave意为“勇敢的”，对应他直面恶劣条件的品质。 11．句意：传承他的精神对我们来说是十分重要的。 全文结尾升华主旨，强调传承钟扬精神的价值，important意为“重要的”，符合对这种精神的正面定位。 12．句意：当我们遇到困难时，我们应该继续前进，而不是放弃。 此处考查固定搭配instead of doing sth，介词of后接动名词形式，giving up意为“放弃”，符合语法规则和语义。 13．句意：他收集的种子可能在数百年后生长，就像他的精神会延续许多代人。 last意为“持续、延续”，用来形容精神能够长久流传，符合精神代代传承的语境。 14．句意：像钟扬这样的人为我们树立了良好的榜样，凭借他们艰苦的工作让世界变得更加美好。 set good examples是固定搭配，意为“树立好榜样”，符合他作为杰出科学家的示范作用。 15．句意：像钟扬这样的人为我们树立了良好的榜样，凭借他们艰苦的工作让世界变得更加美好。 前文提到他常年在艰苦环境中科考，这份工作是十分艰辛的，hard意为“艰苦的、辛勤的”，符合对他科研付出的描述。 三、人与自我--语言策略 （一） When Ms Gao asked me to help Grade 7 with their English night, I said yes before I understood what yes meant. The first night began with my small learner, a boy named Dou, reading every word with the wrong 1 . I showed him the online dictionary and let him 2 on the words he liked. Then we read a short 3 —he was the dragon, and I was the monk. His voice was tiny, so I read first, 4 and silly. After an hour, Ms Gao came with one line of 5 : “Find one good thing before you fix a bad one.” I followed her words, and my first 6 was his nose. “It is a good nose,” I said, “it smells every new word.” Dou’s eyes went wide, and we both said the word right. I began to use my own mistakes to my 7 . When I said a word wrong, we both grinned—the hard word became the easiest in the room. Week two brought 8 : a note from his teacher. Slow nights taught me to stay 9 . At the end of each night, Dou gave me his 10 on a small card—one star and one wish. I wrote my 11 on the whiteboard: one word, one sentence, one story. Last week, we tried a new 12 : Dou taught me maths, and I got one answer wrong on purpose. He made two 13 for me: speak slowly, and never help too fast. When my answer was wrong, his 14 was just like Ms Gao’s. “A teacher,” I told Ms Gao, “is an 15 person—someone who starts the talking.” I still keep Dou’s cards in my teaching diary, one star shining on every page. 1．A．meaning B．spelling C．picture D．pronunciation 2．A．click B．copy C．call D．clean 3．A．song B．letter C．dialogue D．poem 4．A．aloud B．silently C．quickly D．alone 5．A．money B．guidance C．food D．music 6．A．gift B．homework C．praise D．joke 7．A．advantage B．trouble C．dream D．way 8．A．luck B．results C．rain D．flowers 9．A．angry B．sleepy C．patient D．busy 10．A．homework B．address C．name D．feedback 11．A．method B．story C．song D．map 12．A．exam B．trip C．experiment D．match 13．A．jokes B．photos C．snacks D．rules 14．A．cry B．laugh C．shout D．whisper 15．A．quiet B．shy C．lazy D．active 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D 【解析】本文讲述了作者辅导七年级学生窦学习英语的经历，在一次次相处与磨合中，作者学会耐心教学、因材施教，也领悟到了教师的真正意义。 1．句意：第一天晚上，我的小学员——一个名叫窦的男孩，读的每一个单词发音都有误。 根据后文作者打开词典、纠正单词读音的行为可知，此处指单词“pronunciation（发音）”。meaning“含义”、spelling“拼写”、picture“图片”均不符合语境。 2．句意：我打开在线词典，让他点击自己感兴趣的单词。 结合在线词典的使用场景，此处指“click（点击）”单词查看读音。copy“复制”、call“呼叫”、clean“清理”均不符合使用逻辑。 3．句意：然后我们读了一段简短的对话，他扮演龙，我扮演和尚。 根据后文的角色扮演互动形式，此处是双人“dialogue（对话）”。song“歌曲”、letter“信件”、poem“诗歌”均不符合互动场景。 4．句意：他的声音很小，所以我率先大声、俏皮地朗读。 结合前文男孩声音微弱，作者主动带动朗读的语境，此处指“aloud（大声地）”朗读。silently“沉默地”、quickly“快速地”、alone“独自地”均不符合语境。 5．句意：一小时后，高老师过来给出了一句指导：纠正缺点前，先发现优点。 根据后文作者遵从这句话教学可知，这是老师的“guidance（指导）”。money“金钱”、food“食物”、music“音乐”均与语境无关。 6．句意：我听从了她的建议，我的第一个赞美就是夸赞他的鼻子。 根据前文“发现优点”的指导，此处指对孩子的“praise（赞美）”。gift“礼物”、homework“作业”、joke“玩笑”均不符合文意。 7．句意：我开始利用自己的失误为教学助力。 固定搭配“to one’s advantage”表示“对某人有利”，符合语境。trouble“麻烦”、dream“梦想”、way“方式”均无此搭配。 8．句意：第二周有了收获，我收到了他班主任的留言。 根据后文教学带来的正向反馈可知，此处指教学取得的“results（成果、成效）”。luck“运气”、rain“雨水”、flowers“鲜花”均不符合语境。 9．句意：漫长的辅导时光让我学会了保持耐心。 结合辅导基础薄弱学生的经历，作者学会了“patient（耐心的）”。angry“生气的”、sleepy“困倦的”、busy“忙碌的”均不符合文意。 10．句意：每晚辅导结束后，窦都会在小卡片上给我反馈，一颗星星，一个心愿。 根据卡片上的星星和心愿可知，这是孩子的“feedback（反馈）”。homework“作业”、address“地址”、name“名字”均不符合语境。 11．句意：我在白板上写下了我的教学方法：一个单词、一个句子、一个故事。 根据后文的教学模式可知，此处指教学“method“方法”。story“故事”、song“歌曲”、map“地图”均不符合文意。 12．句意：上周，我们尝试了一种新的尝试：窦教我数学，我故意做错一道题。 根据师生互换身份、互相学习的新颖尝试，此处指“experiment（尝试、体验）”。exam“考试”、trip“旅行”、match“比赛”均不符合语境。 13．句意：他给我定下了两条规则：语速放慢、不要急于帮忙。 根据后文两条行为要求可知，此处指“rules（规则）”。jokes“玩笑”、photos“照片”、snacks“零食”均不符合文意。 14．句意：当我答错时，他的笑容和高老师的一模一样。 结合前文温馨的教学氛围，孩子指出错误时是温和的“laugh（笑容）”。cry“哭泣”、shout“大喊”、whisper“低语”均不符合语境。 15．句意：老师是一个积极主动的人，是开启交流的人。 根据后文“开启对话、主动引导”的释义，此处指“active（积极主动的）”。quiet“安静的”、shy“害羞的”、lazy“懒惰的”均不符合老师的特质。 （二） When I was in the second year of my junior high school, one thing made me upset. I could never get a good score in my 1 tests. My scores were always just about 70 and even fewer. One day, I talked to my mum about that. 2 asked me to think about the reason. I thought about it carefully. And then I realized 3 my problem was. “Mum, the problem is really simple. I’ve got it, so I 4 the problem quickly.” “Oh?” Mum stopped her housework and listened carefully and 5 . “Yes. They’re so easy that I get careless when I work on them. Sometimes I take my 6 carelessly in class. And when I review them, I can’t really 7 them.” “I see,” Mum said. “No one is 8 with good learning habits. Though you are clever and outgoing, you are not careful enough. All these made you get bad grades in your maths.” “You’re right, Mum. I will try to be slow and 9 too.” “As a 10 goes, ‘Rome wasn’t built in one day.’ You can’t master any knowledge at once, either. You should 11 it again and again until you can use it easily. So you’d better have more practice.” “I will keep your words in 12 , Mum.” After that, I changed my learning 13 . I studied as carefully as I could. When I did maths exercises, I would read each 14 with great patience to find key words. Also after class, I kept reviewing all the knowledge I learnt in class. Then I 15 it with the exercises so that I could work them out. You know what? A few weeks later, I finally got a perfect score in maths! 1．A．Chinese B．English C．maths D．chemistry 2．A．He B．You C．She D．They 3．A．what B．how C．when D．why 4．A．put out B．give out C．hand out D．work out 5．A．actively B．secretly C．wisely D．patiently 6．A．brains B．abilities C．notes D．words 7．A．understand B．miss C．suggest D．receive 8．A．broken B．born C．shocked D．surprised 9．A．careful B．proper C．honest D．fair 10．A．sentence B．dialogue C．saying D．discussion 11．A．create B．correct C．review D．search 12．A．body B．hand C．mind D．face 13．A．places B．materials C．results D．habits 14．A．test B．subject C．partner D．sentence 15．A．shared B．connected C．looked D．picked 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文讲述了作者初二时数学成绩不理想，在妈妈引导下反思问题、改变学习习惯，最终取得数学满分的故事。 1．句意：我在数学考试中从来得不到好成绩。 根据后文“All these made you get bad grades in your maths”以及最后“I finally got a perfect score in maths”可知，作者困扰的是数学成绩，maths“数学”符合语境。Chinese“语文”，English“英语”，chemistry“化学”都不符合语境。 2．句意：有一天我跟妈妈说了这件事，她让我想想原因。 根据前文“I talked to my mum about that”可知，这里指代的是妈妈，是女性第三人称单数，She“她”符合语境。He“他”，You“你”，They“他们”都不符合语境。 3．句意：我仔细想了想，然后意识到我的问题是什么了。 根据前文“asked me to think about the reason”可知，作者思考后弄清楚了问题的内容，“问题是什么”需要用what引导宾语从句，what“什么”符合语境。how“怎样”，when“什么时候”，why“为什么”都不符合语境。 4．句意：我已经搞明白了，所以我很快就把问题解决了。 根据前文“I've got it”可知作者已经弄懂了问题，work out the problem是固定搭配，表示“解决问题”，work out“解决；算出”符合语境。put out“扑灭”，give out“分发；发出”，hand out“分发”都不符合语境。 5．句意：妈妈停下家务，认真又耐心地听我讲。 根据“and listened carefully”可知，此处需要一个与carefully并列的副词来修饰听的状态，妈妈听孩子讲问题应该是耐心的，patiently“耐心地”符合语境。actively“积极地”，secretly“秘密地”，wisely“明智地”都不符合语境。 6．句意：有时候我上课记笔记很粗心。 根据后文“And when I review them”可知，课后复习的对象应该是课堂上记的笔记，take notes是固定搭配“记笔记”，notes“笔记”符合语境。brains“大脑”，abilities“能力”，words“单词；话语”都不符合语境。 7．句意：而且复习的时候，我并不能真正理解它们。 根据前文“I take my notes carelessly in class”可知，因为上课记笔记很粗心，所以复习时理解不了，understand“理解；明白”符合语境。miss“错过；想念”，suggest“建议”，receive“收到”都不符合语境。 8．句意：没有人天生就有好的学习习惯。 根据“with good learning habits”可知是具有好的学习习惯，be born with是固定搭配，意为“天生具有”，born“出生”符合语境。broken“破碎的”，shocked“震惊的”，surprised“惊讶的” 都不符合语境。 9．句意：我会努力变得慢一点且细心一点。 根据前文妈妈说“you are not careful enough”可知，作者决心变得细心，与前文的careless形成呼应，careful“细心的；仔细的”符合语境。proper“合适的”，honest“诚实的”，fair“公平的”都不符合语境。 10．句意：正如一句谚语所说：“罗马不是一天建成的。” 根据后文“Rome wasn’t built in one day”是一句经典谚语，as a saying goes是固定表达，意为“常言道；正如谚语所说”，saying“谚语；格言”符合语境。sentence“句子”，dialogue“对话”，discussion“讨论”都不符合语境。 11．句意：你也不可能一下子掌握所有知识，你应该一遍又一遍地复习它，直到能轻松运用。 根据前文“You can’t master any knowledge at once”和后文“again and again until you can use it easily”可知，需要反复复习知识，review“复习；回顾”符合语境。create“创造”，correct“改正”，search“搜索”都不符合语境。 12．句意：妈妈，我会把你的话记在心里的。 根据语境，作者向妈妈表态，keep sth in mind是固定搭配，意为“记住；把某事记在心里”，mind“头脑；心思”符合语境。body“身体”，hand“手”，face“脸”都不符合语境。 13．句意：从那以后，我改变了我的学习习惯，学习上我尽可能地细心。 根据前文妈妈指出“No one is...with good learning habits”以及后文“I studied as carefully as I could”可知，作者改变的是学习习惯，habits“习惯”符合语境。places“地方”，materials“材料”，results“结果”都不符合语境。 14．句意：做数学题的时候，我会很耐心地读每一个句子，找出关键词。 根据后文“to find key words”可知，读题时要看每一个句子，从中找出关键词，sentence“句子”符合语境。test“测试”，subject“科目；主题”，partner“搭档”都不符合语境。 15．句意：然后把它和练习题联系起来，这样我就能把题目做出来了。 根据后文“so that I could work them out”可知，要把知识点和练习题联系起来才能解题，connect...with...是固定搭配，意为“把……和……联系起来”，connected“连接；联系”符合语境。shared“分享”，looked“看”，picked“挑选；捡起”都不符合语境。 （三） Mrs Li is our history teacher. Today she 1 us to study for the history test on Friday. I’m good at many subjects and can organize all kinds of activities, but I’ve always been 2 in history. Feeling nervous, I went to the library to remember historical facts and dates. But no matter how hard I tried, it seemed not 3 . Just then I looked 4 and found my classmate Maria sitting nearby. I joined her, and saw she had some 5 and colour pencils. Each card had a colourful 6 and key notes. I asked her what she was doing out of curiosity. “I’m reviewing history, ” Maria said with a 7 . She told me it was 8 to remember so many things, so she made these cards-historical events were written with 9 paintings and keywords on them. After 10 for a while, an idea hit me. I had rich experience in 11 organizing big events with mind maps before! Then I put these historical events into different kinds and used a mind map to 12 them. I also invited Maria to 13 pictures for them to show their meanings. With the cards and mind maps, 14 didn’t seem so hard any more. This experience taught 15 learning isn’t boring. The key is to find a suitable method and never give up. 1．A．warned B．reminded C．allowed D．ordered 2．A．busy B．free C．poor D．rich 3．A．wise B．silly C．useful D．real 4．A．up B．out C．down D．on 5．A．books B．boxes C．toys D．cards 6．A．map B．name C．picture D．text 7．A．smile B．cry C．worry D．dream 8．A．lazy B．hard C．tiny D．rich 9．A．private B．magical C．simple D．popular 10．A．thinking B．guessing C．questioning D．explaining 11．A．carefully B．comfortably C．successfully D．secretly 12．A．change B．connect C．collect D．spread 13．A．watch B．sing C．hang D．draw 14．A．English B．history C．physics D．Chinese 15．A．us B．her C．him D．them 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者历史成绩不好，备考时受同学启发，结合思维导图和画图法，最终发现学习乐趣并感悟方法重要的故事。 1．句意：今天她提醒我们为周五的历史考试学习。 根据老师通知学生考试的常规语境，reminded“提醒”符合师生关系。warned“警告”语气过重，ordered“命令”太强硬，allowed“允许”不合逻辑。 2．句意：但我历史一直很差。 根据前文“good at many subjects”及转折连词but，此处应填反义词，“be poor in”表示在某方面差，poor“贫穷的，薄弱的”符合。busy“忙的”、free“空闲的”、rich“富有的”，不符合。 3．句意：但无论多努力，似乎都没用。 根据前文“Feeling nervous”及努力后仍无进展，说明方法没用，useful“有用的”符合。wise“明智的”、silly“愚蠢的”、real“真实的”，不符合语境。 4．句意：就在这时我抬头看，发现同学Maria坐在附近。 根据在图书馆看书通常低头，发现旁人需抬头，look up“向上看”符合动作逻辑。out“向外”、down“向下”、on“在……上”，与look搭配后，不符合语境。 5．句意：看到她有一些卡片和彩笔。 根据下文“Each card had...”可知，此处指卡片，cards“卡片”符合。books“书”、boxes“盒子”、toys“玩具”，无下文呼应。 6．句意：每张卡片都有彩色图片和重点笔记。 根据“colour pencils”及下文“pictures”可知，是画图，picture“图片”符合。map“地图”、name“名字”、text“文本”，与彩笔关联度低。 7．句意：Maria微笑着说。 根据同学间友好互助的语境，smile“微笑”最合理。cry“哭泣”、worry“担忧”、dream“梦想”，不符合交流氛围。 8．句意：她告诉我记这么多东西很难。 根据制作卡片辅助记忆的原因，说明记忆本身是困难的，hard“困难的”符合。lazy“懒惰的”、tiny“微小的”、rich“富有的”，不合逻辑。 9．句意：历史事件用简单的绘画和关键词写在上面。 根据学生自制学习卡片的特点，simple“简单的”最贴切。private“私人的”、magical“魔法的”、popular“受欢迎的”，无依据。 10．句意：思考了一会儿后，我有了主意。 根据“an idea hit me”可知，之前是在思考，thinking“思考”符合。guessing“猜测”、questioning“质疑”、explaining“解释”，不合逻辑。 11．句意：我以前成功组织过大型活动。 根据“rich experience”及擅长组织活动，successfully“成功地”符合语境。carefully“仔细地”、comfortably“舒适地”、secretly“秘密地”，侧重不同。 12．句意：用思维导图连接它们。 根据思维导图“mind map”的功能是建立联系，connect“连接”符合。change“改变”、collect“收集”、spread“传播”，不符合。 13．句意：邀请Maria为它们画画。 根据前文“colour pencils”及“pictures”，draw“绘画”符合动作。watch“观看”、sing“唱歌”、hang“悬挂”，不符合。 14．句意：历史似乎不再那么难了。 根据全文围绕“history test”展开，此处指历史学科，history“历史”符合。English“英语”、physics“物理”、Chinese“语文”，偏离主题。 15．句意：这次经历教会了我们学习不无聊。 根据作者与Maria共同合作学习，us“我们”包含双方。her“她”、him“他”、them“他们”，指代不明或不全。 （三） The day I lost the city science contest, I hid in my room, sure that some people are born to fail. The next morning, Ms. Zhou waited by my door. “I will never be a 1 learner,” I told her. “Learning is not for me.” “Then you have a fixed 2 ,” she said, and sat down beside me. “Show me your contest notebook.” She read every page and wrote two lines at the end—her 3 . It was kind but honest—the best 4 I had ever received. “No prize next year,” she said. “I want to see 5 . Start with ten minutes of 6 a day—new things, hard things.” At night I sometimes sat in my own little 7 , unable to see the way out. Still, I began to 8 advantage of free science videos and old exam papers. The town library became my second home: its old books were my 9 , its quietness gave me patience. “The 10 I worked, the better I became,” I wrote in my diary. 11 addition, two serious boys let me join their Friday study table. Their habits pulled me up—one hour of mine became worth two, and we worked far more 12 than I had ever sat alone. This spring, my new project earned the city’s top prize, but the line I treasure is from my diary: “A 13 is not a wall—it is a door with a lesson written on it.” Ms. Zhou’s 14 come at the right time, like spring rain. “Same 15 ,” she told me one day, “mountains, valleys—and real treasure.” I still keep her two lines beside today’s ten minutes. 1．A．successful B．lovely C．awful D．shy 2．A．subject B．habit C．mindset D．colour 3．A．money B．food C．keys D．advice 4．A．lies B．feedback C．gifts D．rules 5．A．money B．speed C．growth D．friends 6．A．sleep B．talk C．cleaning D．practice 7．A．corner B．garden C．library D．kitchen 8．A．buy B．sell C．take D．lose 9．A．games B．resources C．shops D．holidays 10．A．longer B．less C．later D．slower 11．A．On B．At C．To D．In 12．A．loudly B．efficiently C．angrily D．sadly 13．A．winner B．teacher C．mistake D．holiday 14．A．smiles B．tests C．books D．prizes 15．A．book B．test C．drawer D．road 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在输掉城市科学竞赛后陷入自我否定，在周老师的引导下调整心态、坚持日常练习最终斩获竞赛最高奖，领悟到挫折是承载教训的门而非阻碍的墙。 1．句意：我永远都成不了一名成功的学习者。 上文“I lost the city science contest...sure that some people are born to fail.”提及作者输掉科学比赛后认定自己天生就是失败者，成不了成功的学习者，successful“成功的”符合语境。lovely“可爱的”，awful“糟糕的”和shy“害羞的”不符合语境。 2．句意：那你有一个固定的思维模式。 上文提及一次失败就让作者认定自己天生就是失败者，不适合学习，这是一种僵化思想，也就是固定的思维模式，mindset“思维模式”符合语境。subject“科目”，habit“习惯”和colour“颜色”和语境不匹配。 3．句意：她读完了每一页，并在末尾写了两行字——那是她的建议。 “She read every page and wrote two lines at the end...”提及老师批阅作者的笔记本，写在末尾的应是老师的建议，advice“建议”符合语境。money“钱”，food“食物”和keys“钥匙”不符合语境。 4．句意：这段文字很友善却也很坦诚，是我收到过的最好的反馈。 老师阅读笔记本后写下的建议属于学习反馈，feedback“反馈”符合语境。lies“谎言”，gifts“礼物”和rules“规则”都不符合老师看完笔记后给出评价的属性。 5．句意：我想要看到成长。 上文“No prize next year”提及老师不要求拿奖，说明老师关注的是过程而非结果，即growth“成长”。money“钱”，speed“速度”和friends“朋友”不符合教育鼓励的逻辑。 6．句意：从每天练习十分钟开始——练新东西，练难的东西。 上文“I want to see growth.”提示想要获得学习上的成长需要不断练习，practice“练习”符合语境。sleep“睡觉”，talk“谈话”和cleaning“打扫”不符合语境。 7．句意：夜里，我有时独自坐在自己的小角落里，看不到出路。 下文“unable to see the way out”提及看不到出路，所以坐在角落里，用corner“角落”与作者低落的情绪匹配。garden“花园”，library“图书馆”和kitchen“厨房”不符合语境。 8．句意：尽管如此，我开始利用免费的科学视频和旧试卷。 take advantage of是固定搭配，意思是“利用”，指作者开始利用免费的科学视频和旧试卷学习。 9．句意：镇上的图书馆成了我的第二个家：那些旧书是我的资源，那里的宁静给了我耐心。 “old books”提示图书馆的书是学习的资源，resources“资源”符合语境。games“游戏”，shops“商店”和holidays“假期”不符合图书馆书籍的作用。 10．句意：我投入学习的时间越长，我就变得越好。 “the better I became”提示符合变好的条件是投入学习的时间更长，longer“更长”符合逻辑。less“更少”，later“更晚”和slower“更慢”和“变好”矛盾。 11．句意：此外，两个认真的男孩让我加入了他们周五的学习小组。 in addition是固定搭配，意为“此外，另外”。其他介词无此搭配。 12．句意：他们的习惯把我带动了起来——我的一小时变得顶两小时用，我们学习的效率远比我一个人坐着时高得多。 “one hour of mine became worth two”提及一小时的学习效果抵得上之前的两小时，说明一起学习比独自学习效率更高，efficiently“效率高地”符合语境。loudly“大声地”，angrily“生气地”和sadly“难过地”都不符合正向的学习状态。 13．句意：错误不是一堵墙——它是一扇写着教训的门。 结合全文从失败失误中获得成长的主线，这里指mistake“错误”不是阻碍，是能带来经验的入口。winner“赢家”，teacher“老师”和holiday“假期”不符合“写着教训”的描述。 14．句意：周老师的微笑来得恰到好处，就像春雨一样。 “like spring rain”提示符合春雨的比喻的是老师的微笑，smiles“微笑”符合语境。tests“测试”，books“书”和prizes“奖项”都不符合这个柔和的意象。 15．句意：“同一条路，”有一天她对我说，“有高山，有低谷——还有真正的宝藏。” 结合下文“mountains, valleys”和文章主旨，高山和山谷是用来比喻路途的起伏坎坷，这里指人生/学习的road“道路”。book“书”，test“测试”和drawer“抽屉”无法对应“有高山和山谷”的比喻。 （四） My grandpa and grandma have been married for 62 years. My grandpa is 86 years old. His memory is getting 1 , and he often forgets things. Yesterday, he asked me to take him to the 2 . He wanted to go out. I was glad because he couldn’t drive 3 himself. Grandma could stay home and rest. She always 4 when she looks after grandpa. I watched him. He held a cane (拐杖). He took small 5 . He looked on the shelves. I didn’t know 6 he wanted. I saw the things he put in the shopping cart (购物车). They were grandma’s 7 things. Sometimes grandpa could not 8 people around him. But he still knew what grandma liked. He 9 picked her favourite soda. He picked a bag of seedless grapes. Grandma talked about grapes days ago. He even 10 a small lemon pie! Then, 11 came to my eyes. He walked slowly to fresh 12 . He picked purple flowers. Purple is grandma’s favourite colour. On our way home, he said we must 13 . He wanted a sandwich for grandma’s lunch. We can learn a(n) 14 from Grandpa: Never stop 15 for the people we love. 1．A．better B．worse C．stronger D．fewer 2．A．bank B．park C．mall D．restaurant 3．A．for B．by C．with D．to 4．A．dresses herself up B．calms herself down C．wears herself out D．warms herself up 5．A．looks B．steps C．tools D．orders 6．A．what B．why C．where D．how 7．A．everyday B．favourite C．specific D．valuable 8．A．greet B．forget C．trust D．recognize 9．A．quickly B．suddenly C．loudly D．carefully 10．A．bought B．made C．kept D．sold 11．A．doubts B．tears C．surprises D．joys 12．A．vegetables B．bread C．flowers D．seafood 13．A．stop B．cook C．walk D．arrive 14．A．lesson B．present C．reason D．opinion 15．A．standing B．answering C．fighting D．caring 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文讲述了一位记忆力衰退的爷爷带作者购物，精心为奶奶挑选她喜欢的物品的故事，展现了爷爷对奶奶深沉且持久的爱。 1．句意：他的记忆力正在变差，经常忘事。 结合后文“and he often forgets things”可知，worse（更差的）符合爷爷记忆力衰退、经常忘事的语境；better（更好的）；stronger（更强壮的）；fewer（更少的）均不符。 2．句意：昨天，他让我带他去商场。 结合下文“He looked on the shelves.”以及“shopping cart (购物车)”可知，mall（商场）符合可以购物、有货架的语境；bank（银行）；park（公园）；restaurant（餐馆）均不符。 3．句意：我很乐意，因为他没法自己开车。 结合固定搭配by oneself（独自，自己）可知，by符合爷爷无法独自开车出行的语境；for（为了）；with（和……一起）；to（到）均不符。 4．句意：奶奶可以留在家里休息，照顾爷爷总让她疲惫不堪。 结合语境，奶奶要照顾记忆力不好的爷爷，wears herself out（筋疲力尽）符合奶奶操劳疲惫的语境；dresses herself up（打扮自己）；calms herself down（冷静下来）；warms herself up（热身，取暖）均不符。 5．句意：他迈着小的步伐。 结合前文“He held a cane (拐杖).”可知，steps（脚步）符合爷爷拄拐杖缓慢迈步的语境；looks（看）；tools（工具）；orders（命令）均不符。 6．句意：我不知道他想要什么。 结合本句结构，know后是宾语从句，what（什么）在从句中作wanted的宾语，符合不清楚爷爷想买何物的语境；why（为什么）；where（哪里）；how（如何）均不符。 7．句意：它们是奶奶最爱的物品。 结合后文“picked her favourite soda”“her favourite colour”等多处提示可知，favourite（最喜欢的）符合爷爷专门挑选奶奶喜爱物品的语境；everyday（日常的）；specific（特定的）；valuable（珍贵的）均不符。 8．句意：有时爷爷不能认出周围的人。 结合前文爷爷记忆力变差、经常忘事可知，recognize（认出，识别）符合爷爷记忆衰退，辨认不出周围人的语境；greet（问候）；forget（忘记）；trust（信任）均不符。 9．句意：他仔细地挑了她最爱的苏打水。 结合全文爷爷对奶奶用心的爱意可知，carefully（仔细地）符合爷爷认真挑选奶奶爱吃葡萄的语境；quickly（快速地）；suddenly（突然地）；loudly（大声地）均不符。 10．句意：他甚至买了一个小柠檬派。 结合上下文爷爷在商场购物，挑选各种奶奶爱吃的食物可知，bought（购买）符合购物的语境；made（制作）；kept（保持）；sold（售卖）均不符。 11．句意：那一刻，泪水涌上了我的眼眶。 结合前文看到记忆力衰退的爷爷依然记得奶奶所有喜好，内心感动可知，tears（眼泪）符合“我”感动落泪的语境；doubts（怀疑）；surprises（惊喜）；joys（快乐）均不符。 12．句意：他慢慢走到鲜花区。 结合后文“Purple is grandma’s favourite colour.”可知，flowers（花）符合采摘花朵的语境；vegetables（蔬菜）；bread（面包）；seafood（海鲜）均不符。 13．句意：在回家的路上，他说我们得停一下。 结合后文“He wanted a sandwich for grandma’s lunch.”，爷爷要停下来买三明治可知，stop（停下）符合中途停车买食物的语境；cook（烹饪）；walk（走路）；arrive（到达）均不符。 14．句意：我们可以从爷爷身上学到一个道理。 结合后文引出的人生感悟“Never stop caring for the people we love.”可知，lesson（教训，道理）符合从这件事中有所感悟的语境；present（礼物）；reason（原因）；opinion（观点）均不符。 15．句意：永远不要停止关爱我们所爱之人。 结合全文爷爷即便记忆力变差，依旧用心惦记奶奶，关爱奶奶的故事可知，caring（关心，关爱）符合文章主旨；standing（站立）；answering（回答）；fighting（奋斗）均不符。 四、人与自我--方法与策略 （一） Last Sunday, I experienced a common memory problem. I drove to the shopping centre, parked, and walked inside. The moment I passed through the doors, I stopped. I had completely forgotten why I was there. I stood in the busy street, with my mind a complete 1 . This wasn’t the first time. I decided it was time to 2 this problem seriously. I found a quiet corner in a café and searched online. I learned that our working memory has limited 3 , like a small basket. It can only hold so much at once. To remember more, you need to move things to long-term memory. A useful 4 is “chunking”—grouping different information together. For example, it’s easier to 5 the number sequence 14921663 if you see it as 1492 and 1663, two important historical years. Excited, I wanted to 6 this method right away. My chance came when my grandfather asked me to help him 7 his old stamp collection. There were hundreds, from all over the world. I felt worried. Then, I remembered chunking. I didn’t try to remember each stamp. Instead, I 8 them by colour and then by country. The red ones from England, the blue ones from France… Suddenly, the task seemed possible. I was 9 in the information, not just seeing it. This small success changed my 10 . I started using the idea elsewhere. When learning a list of words, I would 11 words with similar meanings. I also learned that stress is bad for memory. A calm mind, like a 12 lake, shows information clearly. If I am in a hurry, I will take a deep breath first. 13 , before I leave home, I recall my keys, wallet, and phone. I haven’t had such a bad moment since. Memory isn’t about 14 forgetting. It’s about developing good 15 to find what you’ve stored. That day at the mall, I finally remembered I needed batteries. More importantly, I found a way to better manage my own mind, and that was the real find. 1．A．blank B．chain C．truth D．speed 2．A．view B．face C．test D．catch 3．A．effort B．cost C．space D．value 4．A．skill B．step C．tool D．habit 5．A．compare B．repeat C．organize D．remember 6．A．imagine B．practise C．discover D．accept 7．A．look through B．deal with C．pick up D．hand in 8．A．counted B．marked C．sorted D．checked 9．A．patient B．creative C．active D．careful 10．A．attitude B．plan C．dream D．choice 11．A．connect B．separate C．replace D．spell 12．A．smooth B．still C．wide D．deep 13．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Luckily D．Recently 14．A．never B．ever C．always D．usually 15．A．methods B．rules C．signs D．stories 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者在商场经历突然遗忘的窘境后，通过网络查阅了解到“组块记忆法”，并在帮祖父整理邮票、记忆单词以及调适心态的过程中积极实践，不仅有效改善了健忘问题，更掌握了科学管理大脑思维的方法。 1．句意：我站在繁忙的街头，大脑一片空白。 根据前句“I had completely forgotten why I was there.”可知，作者完全想不起自己为何来到商场，脑海中毫无线索，固定搭配a complete blank意为“脑海一片空白/毫无线索”，应选用名词blank。chain意为“链条”；truth意为“真相”；speed意为“速度”，均与遗忘大脑无信息的语境无关。 2．句意：我决定是时候认真面对这个问题了。 根据前句“This wasn’t the first time.”可知，频繁忘事已对作者的生活构成困扰，作者决定不再逃避。face…seriously意为“认真面对/正视……”，应选用动词face。view意为“看待”；test意为“测试”；catch意为“抓住”，均无法体现下定决心直面困境的态度。 3．句意：我了解到我们的大脑工作记忆空间是有限的，就像一个小篮子一样。 根据后文形象的比喻“like a small basket. It can only hold so much at once”可知，小篮子一次能装的容量有限，对应短时工作记忆容量的局限性，短语limited space意为“有限的空间/容量”，应选用名词space。effort意为“努力”；cost意为“成本”；value意为“价值”，均不合语境比喻。 4．句意：一个实用的技巧是“组块化”——将不同的信息组合在一起。 根据破折号后具体的记忆策略说明“grouping different information together”可知，组块化属于一种行之有效的学习策略与技巧，应选用名词skill表示“技巧/技能”。step意为“步骤”；tool侧重指具体的物理工具；habit意为“习惯”，均不符合对记忆方法的定性。 5．句意：例如，如果你将数字序列14921663视为两个重要的历史年份1492和1663，就更容易记住它。 根据前句“To remember more, you need to…”以及举例说明可知，将杂乱长数字拆分为熟悉的历史年份是为了降低识记难度以提高记忆效率，应选用动词remember表示“记住”。compare意为“比较”；repeat意为“重复”；organize意为“组织”，均偏离促进记忆的核心主旨。 6．句意：我很兴奋，想马上实践这种方法。 根据空前的形容词“Excited”以及后文“My chance came when my grandfather asked me to help him…”可知，作者学到新技巧后迫不及待地想在实际生活中检验其成效，固定搭配practise this method意为“实践/运用这种方法”，应选用动词practise。imagine意为“想象”；discover意为“发现”；accept意为“接受”，均无法体现急于付诸行动的心理。 7．句意：我的机会来了，当时我祖父让我帮他整理他的旧邮票收藏。 根据后文“There were hundreds, from all over the world. I felt worried.”可知，面对成百上千张杂乱的邮票，祖父需要作者帮忙进行归拢与打理，动词短语deal with意为“处理/整理”，应选用短语deal with。look through侧重“浏览/快速翻阅”；pick up意为“捡起/学会”；hand in意为“上交”，均不合整理大量藏品的语境。 8．句意：相反，我按颜色再按国家把它们分类。 根据后文“The red ones from England, the blue ones from France…”可知，作者按颜色和国别将不同邮票进行了归类，动词短语sort…by…意为“按……对……进行分类整理”，应选用动词sorted。counted意为“数数”；marked意为“做标记”；checked意为“核对”，均不能体现信息组块化归纳的逻辑。 9．句意：在处理信息时我是积极主动的，而不仅仅是被动地看着它。 根据空后的对比转折“not just seeing it”可知，作者在分类过程中大脑在主动加工与分析信息，应选用形容词active“积极主动的”。patient意为“耐心的”；creative意为“有创造力的”；careful意为“细心的”，均无法与“不仅仅是看”形成鲜明的主被动反差。 10．句意：这次小小的成功改变了我的态度。 根据后文“I started using the idea elsewhere.”可知，这次成功的实践让作者克服了对遗忘的畏难心理，开始主动将该方法推广到其他生活场景中，应选用名词attitude表示“态度”。plan意为“计划”；dream意为“梦想”；choice意为“选择”，均不符合思想心态发生积极转变的语境。 11．句意：当背诵单词表时，我会把意思相近的单词关联起来。 根据前文组块化将相似信息归类结合的原则可知，记单词时把同义词相互联系能深化记忆，动词短语connect…with…意为“把……与……联系/关联起来”，应选用动词connect。separate意为“分离”；replace意为“替换”；spell意为“拼写”，均与组块归纳法相悖。 12．句意：平静的心灵就像一面宁静的湖泊，能清晰地展现信息。 根据空前的“A calm mind”以及比喻语境可知，平稳无波的湖水才能清晰映照万物，形容词still意为“静止的/平静无波的”，常用于修饰没有波澜的水面。smooth侧重表面平滑；wide意为“宽阔的”；deep意为“深的”，均无法形象贴切地映射“平静”的心境。 13．句意：近来，在出门前我都会回想一下我的钥匙、钱包和手机。 根据空后的具体生活习惯“before I leave home, I recall my keys…”以及后文“I haven’t had such a bad moment since.”可知，此处叙述作者近一段时间以来养成的防遗忘良好习惯，副词Recently意为“最近/近来”，修饰全句作时间状语。Gradually意为“逐渐地”；Suddenly意为“突然”；Luckily意为“幸运地”，均无法与下文自那以后的持续状态形成合理衔接。 14．句意：记忆并不意味着从不遗忘。 根据后句的转折对照“It’s about developing good…to find what you’ve stored.”可知，作者对记忆的本质进行了哲学反思，指出人不可能完全做到“从不遗忘”，应选用频度副词never表示“绝不/从不”。ever意为“曾经”；always意为“总是”；usually意为“通常”，均无法与后句形成辩证对比。 15．句意：它是关于养成良好的方法去检索你所储存的信息。 根据前文通篇提及的“this method”、“the idea”以及各种科学检索记忆的技巧可知，战胜遗忘的关键在于掌握科学合理的方法，应选用名词methods表示“方法”。rules意为“规则”；signs意为“标志”；stories意为“故事”，均脱离文章关于记忆方法的探讨核心。 （二） One cool autumn afternoon after school, I lost my new blue wallet on the way to the mall with my grandma, which taught me a deep lesson about memory. I felt full of 1 and didn’t know how to react—my bus ticket and pocket money were both in it. I ran back along the road quickly, trying to 2 every corner I had passed, including the small ice cream shop, but I couldn’t find it anywhere. My grandpa found me crying in the yard and told me to calm down at once, patting my back gently. “Let’s think 3 ,” he said softly, sitting down beside me. “Try to 4 the last time you saw your wallet clearly.” I closed my eyes tightly and tried to 5 the position of my schoolbag when I walked past the small community park. I 6 that I might have dropped it when I stopped to watch a cute squirrel hiding brown nuts under an old oak tree, but I was too excited to check my bag carefully at that moment. We went back to the 7 slowly and searched every corner carefully, even asking the old park cleaner if she had seen a blue wallet. Soon, I found my wallet under an old oak tree, right next to a small brown nut that the squirrel had 8 . I felt so relieved and realized that 9 thinking is more effective than just running around in a hurry. This unforgettable 10 made me understand that memory is not just about memorizing facts, but about connecting things with our feelings and real-life experiences. I learned to 11 important moments in mind, like where I put my valuable things such as my wallet or keys. I also started to use small 12 to remember daily things, such as ticking a quick note in my notebook to mark where I left my bag. Now, I no longer 13 things easily, and I know how to 14 my memory to good use in both studies and daily life. This special experience has 15 my way of thinking about memory forever, making me a more careful and smart learner. 1．A．happiness B．sadness C．surprise D．fear 2．A．learn B．review C．check D．know 3．A．quickly B．carefully C．suddenly D．fully 4．A．understand B．guess C．notice D．recall 5．A．picture B．find C．see D．know 6．A．realized B．recognized C．studied D．reminded 7．A．mall B．park C．yard D．school 8．A．marked B．stolen C．thrown D．eaten 9．A．calm B．wild C．sudden D．short-term 10．A．lesson B．experience C．case D．memory 11．A．keep B．put C．take D．get 12．A．ways B．rules C．positions D．plans 13．A．mix up B．run out of C．go through D．leave behind 14．A．put B．take C．make D．get 15．A．improved B．reacted C．shaped D．changed 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．D 【解析】文章讲述了作者丢失钱包后，在爷爷引导下冷静回忆找回钱包的经历，明白了记忆与情感体验相连的道理。 1．句意：我满心悲伤，不知所措——我的公交卡和零花钱都在里面。 根据后文“crying”（哭泣）及丢失财物的语境，可知心情是难过的，应填sadness“悲伤”。happiness“幸福”；surprise“惊讶”；fear“恐惧”这几个选项不符合丢失物品后的主要情绪。 2．句意：我沿着来路飞快跑回去，尽力检查我走过的每一个角落，包括那家小小的冰淇淋店，但我到处都找不到它。 根据“trying to find it”的语境，寻找丢失物品时需要“检查”角落，应填check“检查”。learn“学习”；review“复习”；know“知道”这几个选项不符合寻找动作。 3．句意：“我们仔细想一想。” 他温柔地说着，坐到我的身旁。 根据爷爷让作者“calm down”（冷静），可知要“仔细”思考，与后文rushing形成对比，应填carefully“仔细地”。quickly“快地”；suddenly“突然地”；fully“完全地”这几个选项不符合冷静思考的语境。 4．句意：“试着回忆你最后一次清楚看到钱包的时候。” 根据语境是找回记忆，recall意为“回忆”。understand“理解”；guess“猜测”；notice“注意”这几个选项不符合记忆提取的过程。 5．句意：我紧紧闭上眼睛，努力想象我路过小型社区公园时书包的位置。 根据“closed my eyes”（闭上眼），可知是在脑海中“想象”画面，应填picture“想象”。find“发现”；see“看见”；know“知道”这几个选项不符合闭眼思考的动作。 6．句意：我意识到，我有可能是在停下看一只可爱松鼠把坚果藏在老橡树下的时候弄丢了钱包，但那时我太兴奋，没有仔细检查我的包。 根据思考后的结果，用realized表示“意识到”。recognized“认出”；studied“学习”；reminded“提醒”这几个选项不符合心理活动过程。 7．句意：我们慢慢回到公园，仔细搜寻每一个角落，甚至询问公园年长的清洁工是否见过一个蓝色钱包。 根据前文提到在“community park”附近掉的东西，可知是回到“公园”，应填park“公园”。mall“商场”；yard“院子”；school“学校”这几个选项地点不符。 8．句意：很快，我在一棵老橡树下找到了我的钱包，就在一颗小小的棕色坚果旁边，那是松鼠扔下来的。 松鼠藏坚果时可能将坚果放置或掉落在地，结合选项thrown最符合语境。marked“标记”；stolen“偷窃”；eaten“吃”这几个选项不符合松鼠藏坚果的语境。 9．句意：我感到十分宽慰，并意识到：冷静的思考，比慌慌张张四处乱跑更加有效。 根据前文“told me to calm down at once”及与“in a hurry”对比，应填calm“冷静的”。wild“疯狂的”；sudden“突然的”；short-term“短期的”这几个选项不符合有效思考的特征。 10．句意：这次难忘的经历使我明白，记忆不只是记忆事实，而是把事物和我们的感受、真实生活经历联系起来。 指代整个事件过程，用experience“经历”最准确。lesson“课”是学到的道理，此处指事件本身，case“案例”；memory“记忆”这几个选项不符合句意。 11．句意：我学会把重要时刻记在心里，比如我放置钱包、钥匙这类贵重物品的位置。 固定搭配：keep…in mind意为“记住”。put“放”；take“拿”；get“得到”这几个选项无此搭配。 12．句意：我也开始使用一些小方法去记住日常事物，例如在笔记本上快速记笔记，标记我放包的位置。 根据后文“ticking a note”可知是记忆“方法”，应填ways“方法”。rules“规则”；positions“位置”；plans“计划”这几个选项不符合具体做法。 13．句意：现在，我不再轻易落下东西，而且我知道如何把记忆很好地运用到学习和日常生活中。 根据不再丢失东西的语境，leave behind意为“遗留”。mix up“混淆”；run out of“用完”；go through“经历”这几个选项不符合丢三落四的语境。 14．句意：现在，我不再轻易落下东西，而且我知道如何把记忆很好地运用到学习和日常生活中。 固定搭配：put…to good use意为“充分利用”。take“拿”；make“制作”；get“得到”这几个选项无此搭配。 15．句意：这段特别的经历永久改变了我看待记忆的思考方式，使我成为一个更加细心聪慧的学习者。 根据“forever”及语境，changed意为“改变”，最通顺。improved“改善”；reacted“反应”；shaped“塑造”这几个选项不符合句意。 （三） I still recall the hot summer after my Grade 8 exams, when my 80-year-old grandpa taught me how to make my memory better. At that time, I often 1 new English words and failed to keep key points in mind after class. I felt so stressed that I almost wanted to give up my English studies completely. Grandpa noticed my trouble and sat beside me with a warm, patient smile. “Don’t worry,” he said gently, patting my shoulder. “You can 2 difficult things into small parts to make them easier to remember.” He used his own experience as an example — he once 3 a long old poem into short lines, connecting each part with a small personal story, so he could remember them without much 4 . He also told me to focus on main ideas instead of every single word, which is 5 for my memory little by little. I followed his useful tips carefully and tried to 6 a short speech for my class presentation about my summer holiday. To my big surprise, I could remember most of the content 7 after only two hours of focused practice. When I 8 it in front of the whole class, my teacher praised me for my confident expression and clear logic, and my classmates clapped loudly for me. I felt so proud and realized that a good memory needs right 9 , not just endless hard work. Later, I used these useful tips to remember maths 10 and important historical dates in my history class. I no longer 11 different numbers or rules in exams, and my test scores improved a lot. I also learned to keep 12 diaries to record new knowledge. This valuable 13 taught me that with smart methods, even hard things can become easy to remember. I will 14 this important lesson in mind forever, and it will stay 15 in my studies and life in a positive way every day. 1．A．forgot B．wrote C．learned D．knew 2．A．break B．divide C．turn D．cut 3．A．split B．kept C．wrote D．read 4．A．case B．effort C．growth D．light 5．A．active B．helpful C．noisy D．boring 6．A．watch B．remember C．finish D．copy 7．A．fully B．quickly C．clearly D．slowly 8．A．practised B．told C．spoke D．shared 9．A．decisions B．plans C．skills D．ideas 10．A．facts B．rules C．words D．texts 11．A．take up B．give up C．look up D．mix up 12．A．daily B．careless C．favourite D．real 13．A．lesson B．story C．speech D．rule 14．A．keep B．take C．get D．put 15．A．lonely B．meaningful C．strange D．popular 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文讲述了作者在爷爷的帮助下，通过掌握正确的记忆方法，克服学习困难，提高成绩并重获自信的故事。 1． 句意：在那个时候，我经常忘记新的英语单词，课后也无法记住关键点。 结合后文作者压力很大，几乎要放弃英语学习，可以看出作者记单词存在困难。forgot意为“忘记”，贴合当时记不住单词的处境。wrote意为“写”，代入句子无法体现学习遇到的难题；learned意为“学习”，只表示学习单词，体现不出记忆上的困扰；knew意为“知道”，语义和原文逻辑相悖。 2． 句意：你可以把困难的事情分成小部分，让它们更容易被记住。 此处表达将复杂事物拆解开来，divide…into…可以表达“把……分成……” 的含义，符合逻辑。break意为“打破”，多用于打碎实物；turn意为“转变”，侧重事物状态发生改变；cut意为“切割”，多指物理上的切开，三者都不能表达拆分任务的含义。 3． 句意：他曾经把一首篇幅很长的古诗拆分成简短的诗行，将每一部分和一段个人小故事联系起来。 根据上下文，爷爷将长诗歌拆解成若干短句，split意为“拆分”，契合拆分长诗的动作。kept意为“保持”，无法体现拆分的行为；wrote意为“书写”，侧重创作，和语境不匹配；read意为“阅读”，仅表示读诗歌，没有拆分的含义。 4． 句意：将每一部分和一小段个人故事联系起来，这样他不用付出太多努力就能够记住它们。 前文介绍记忆小技巧，借助故事辅助记忆，不需要耗费大量精力。effort意为“努力”符合逻辑。case意为“情况”，放进句子语义不通顺；growth意为“成长”，不符合句子表达；light意为“光线”，和记忆这件事无关。 5． 句意：他还告诉我要关注核心观点，而不是每一个单词，这一点一点点对我的记忆起到作用。 这是爷爷传授的记忆妙招，对提升记忆有帮助。helpful意为“有帮助的”符合语境。active意为“积极的”，一般用来描述人的状态；noisy意为“吵闹的”，语义和文章无关；boring意为“无聊的”，和技巧带来的正向作用相反。 6． 句意：我认真听从他这些实用的建议，努力记住一篇用于课堂展示的、关于我暑假生活的简短演讲稿。 结合下文经过练习记住大部分内容，这里是要记住演讲稿。remember意为“记住”符合语境。watch意为“观看”，不符合准备课堂展示的行为；finish意为“完成”，侧重做完某事，没有记忆的含义；copy意为“抄写”，抄写不等于记熟演讲稿。 7． 句意：令我十分意外的是，仅仅经过两小时专注练习，我就能够清楚记住大部分内容。 此处用来修饰记住内容的状态，clearly意为“清楚地”符合语境。fully意为“完全地”，文中是大部分内容，并非全部；quickly意为“快速地”，句子侧重记忆的清晰度，不是速度；slowly意为“缓慢地”，和语境表达的惊喜感不符。 8． 句意：当我在全班同学面前分享这份演讲稿的时候，老师表扬我表达自信，逻辑清晰，同学们也为我热烈鼓掌。 在全班同学面前展示自己的演讲稿，shared意为“分享”符合语境。practised意为“练习”，练习是上台之前的行为；told意为“告诉”，后面多接具体的事件信息；spoke意为“说”，后面一般接语言类名词，不直接指代演讲稿。 9． 句意：我内心十分自豪，也意识到好的记忆力需要正确的技巧，而不只是无休止的刻苦努力。 整篇文章围绕爷爷传授的记忆方法展开，skills意为“技巧”符合语境。decisions意为“决定”，和记忆提升无关；plans意为“计划”，文章没有提到规划；ideas意为“想法”，概念宽泛，不能指代记忆的实操办法。 10． 句意：后来，我运用这些实用的技巧去记数学规则，还有历史课上重要的历史日期。 结合学科常识，数学学科会涉及各类规则，rules意为“规则”符合语境。facts意为“事实”，多用于历史学科；words意为“单词”，属于英语学科；texts意为“文本”，不符合数学的学习内容。 11． 句意：考试的时候，我不再把不同的数字、规则弄混淆，我的考试分数也提升了不少。 对比过去记不住知识点的状态，现在不会再把各类数字规则弄混。mix up意为“混淆”符合逻辑。take up意为“开始从事；占据”，语义不通；give up意为“放弃”，和原文表达的进步相悖；look up意为“查阅”，代入句子逻辑不成立。 12． 句意：我也学会坚持写日记，以此记录新知识。 结合后文记录新知识的目的，日常书写日记用来积累知识，daily意为“每日的”，用来修饰diaries。careless意为“粗心的”，带有负面色彩，无法用来修饰日记；favourite意为“最喜欢的”，文中没有体现喜爱的情感；real意为“真实的”，放到句中语义表达牵强。 13． 句意：这次宝贵的教训让我明白，使用巧妙的方法，就算很难的事情，也可以变得容易记忆。 这里指代爷爷教给自己的道理与经验，lesson意为“教训，启示”符合语境。story意为“故事”，爷爷并不是在讲虚构故事；speech意为“演讲”，指代课堂的发言；rule意为“规则”，侧重硬性制度，不符合语境。 14． 句意：我会永远把这重要的教训铭记于心。 联系整篇文本，作者想要长久留存这份经验，keep意为“留存”，适配本处表达内心牢记道理的语境。take意为“拿取”，无法表达内心留存感悟；get意为“得到”，侧重获取实物，不适合此处抽象的精神感悟；put意为“放置”，不能体现长久记在心中的含义。 15．句意：并且每一天，它都会以积极的方式，在我的学习和生活当中保持有意义。 爷爷教的记忆方法，给作者的学习生活带来正向价值，meaningful意为“有意义的”符合语境。lonely意为“孤独的”；strange意为“奇怪的”；popular意为“受欢迎的”，三者均无法体现方法带来的正向作用。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $