UNIT 4 Period 1 TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 课时精讲-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修二同步教参（北师大版）

Period 1　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1 What is the main idea of the text? A．It tells us three funny stories.　　　　　　　　 B．It tells us how to make up a funny story. C．It tells us the function of a funny story. D．It tells us how to get on with others. 答案：A 1．Why did the store owner refuse to give away the saucer with the cat? A．Because he loved the saucer. B．Because he，with the saucer，could make more money by selling more cats. C．Because he knew it was an antique. D．Because the money that the art collector offered was not enough. 2．Why did Sherlock and Dr.Watson see millions of stars at night? A．Because their tent was stolen. B．Because it would be a good day the next day. C．Because it was a good day that day. D．Because the time was probably a quarter past three. 3．In Story C, after seeing the doctor, what would the man do at last? A．He would go to see the clown. B．He would go to America. C．He would go to see the doctor the next day. D．He would still be down. 答案：1～3.BAD 1．He noticed that the saucer was an antique and very valuable, so he walked casually into the store and innocently offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars.(Story A Para.2) [分析]　本句为so连接的并列句。前一分句是含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句，后一分句是简单句。 [翻译]　他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 2．I hear there's an amazing clown who'll really make you laugh.(Story C Para.5) [分析]　本句是复合句。I hear是主句；“there's an amazing clown who'll really make you laugh”是宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰an amazing clown；make you laugh是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 [翻译]　我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，他肯定能逗笑你。 Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．pretend to be someone else　 假装成其他人 2．the humorous plots 幽默的情节 3．the accents they are able to imitate 他们能够模仿的口音 4．a sense of well-being 一种幸福感 5．enhance teamwork 增强团队合作 6．collapse after hard work 在艰难的工作之后突然倒下 7．a good appetite 胃口好 8．current atmosphere 目前的大气条件 9．I forecast that... 我预测…… 10．a baby was screaming 有个婴儿在尖叫 11．I've been having a bit of a crisis． 我最近遭遇了一点危机。 12．announce afterwards 随后说 13．deserve a zero 应得零分 Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的→humour n．幽默 2．facial adj.面部的；脸上的→face n．面部 3．interact vi.交流；交往；相互作用→interactive adj.相互作用的；互动的→interaction n．相互作用；相互影响 4．anxiety n．焦虑，不安，担心→anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地 5．significant adj.重要的，重大的→significance n．重要意义；重要性 6．unbalanced adj.不平衡的→(反义词)balanced adj.平衡的→balance n．& vt.平衡 7．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬 8．consume vt.消耗；吃；消费→consumer n．消费者，顾客，用户→consumption n．消费 9．confused adj.困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难以理解的→confusion n．困惑 10．potential n．潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 11．innocently adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地→innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的 n.无辜者→innocence n．清白；天真；无罪 12．faithful adj.忠诚的→faithfully adv.忠实地，忠诚地→faith n．信心；信任；信仰 13．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n.科学→scientist n．科学家 14．measurement n．测量，计量，衡量→measure vt.测量 n．措施；尺寸 15．consultation n．就诊；咨询→consult v．查阅；咨询；商议→consultant n．顾问；就诊医师 16．examine vt.检查→examination n．检查 17．announce vt.宣布，宣告→announcement n．宣告，宣布；通知 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．When chatting with my friends, I use Chinglish from time to time(不时地), which is funny. 2．They will not laugh at(嘲笑) you just for making a mistake. 3．Her bravery has given him the will to carry on(继续) with his life and his work. 4．There are many treasures for sale(待售) in that antique shop, each one full of historical charm, making people unable to help but wonder! 5．Everyone is always on the go, while I am used to(习惯于) the peace and quiet of our village. 6．According to(根据) this study, women have made notable gains. 7．When you feel down(情绪低落), depressed and low about yourself, it automatically drives people away. 8．There was no one to turn to(求助于) and no one to tell. 9．I'd like to give away(献出) all I have to get back my happy childhood. 10．The drainage(排水) system has collapsed because of(由于) too much rain. Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……” A famous art collector was walking through the city when(正在城市中漫步，这时) he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.(Story A　Para.1) 2．介词＋宾语从句 He had to wait for what seemed like ages(像是好几个世纪) in the doctor's surgery.(Story C　Para.1) 3．动词-ing形式作定语 The bleeding man(流血的男人) next to him was looking at his watch nervously.(Story C　Para.1) pretend　vi.& vt. 假装，装作 【经典例句】 ①(教材P109)My favourite kind of comedy is when someone pretends to be someone else. 我最喜欢的喜剧种类是某人假装成另一个人。 ②They pretended not to hear each other's voices, even though they were in the same room. 尽管他们在同一个房间里，他们也假装没有听到对方的声音。 (1)pretend (2)表示“假装不是/没有做……”时，可在to前加not。 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The applicant pretended to have worked(work) for a newspaper before. (2)She pretended to be(be) very interested in listening to the speech, but in reality, her mind had already drifted to the food street in the distance. (3)He pretended to be reading(read) an important paper when the boss entered.[读后续写之动作描写] (4)我们在街上相遇时，她装作不认识我，这使我很伤心。 →She pretended (that) she didn't know me when we met in the street, which made me upset.(宾语从句) →She pretended not to know me when we met in the street, which made me upset.(动词不定式) 类似pretend后接to do/to be doing/to have done的动词还有：happen(碰巧)、appear(看似)、seem(似乎)、claim(声称)。 anxiety　n.焦虑，不安，担心 【经典例句】 ①The thought of public speaking filled him with anxiety. 一想到要公开发言，他就焦虑不安。 ②(人教选必一U4)Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies. 愤怒、害怕或者焦虑的学生可能会交叉他们的双臂抱在胸前，他们的双腿并拢或交叉，就像在保护自己的身体一样。 anxious adj.　 　　　　 忧虑的；不安的；渴望的 be anxious about sth. 为某事担心/担忧 be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)And with each passing day, the school, much like the track, became less a place of anxiety(anxious) and more a space of triumph. (2)We are really concerned and anxious to learn(learn) about your updates. (3)我担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上几乎无法入睡。 →I'm so anxious about the coming exam that I can hardly fall asleep at night. (so...that...) →Anxious about the coming exam, I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语)[读后续写之心理描写] significant　adj.重要的，重大的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P109)Research shows that laughing has significant benefits: it relieves stress and anxiety, relaxes the whole body and gives one a sense of well-being. 研究表明，笑有显著的好处：它可以缓解压力和焦虑，放松全身，给人一种幸福的感觉。 ②(人教必修三U1)Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. 风俗在节日中扮演着重要的角色，但有时它们也会随时间而变化。 (1)be significant for...　 对……是重要的 It is significant that... 很明显…… (2)significance n.　　重 要性，意义；意思，含义 be of (great) significance to... 对……(很)重要 be of no/little significance to... 对……不重要 attach (great) significance to (doing) sth. 认为(做)某事(很)重要 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2024·浙江卷1月)In the past few years, online learning has become a significant(significance) part of the university and college experience. (2)I attach great significance to working(work) out at school, so we students must have PE classes actively and punctually.[应用文写作之倡议书] (3)设立世界海洋日是为了让人们意识到保护海洋的重要性。 World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is of great significance．[应用文写作之保护海洋] unbalanced　adj.不平衡的 【经典例句】 A diet high in sugar and low in fiber can lead to an unbalanced nutrient intake. 高糖低纤维的饮食可能导致营养摄入不均衡。 (1)balance n.　　　　　　 平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 balance...against... 权衡/比较…… 与…… (2)balanced adj. 平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced(balance) language abilities within the groups. (2)As long as you keep a balanced(balance) diet, you can keep healthy.[应用文写作之建议信] (3)You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job. (4)我踩到了香蕉皮，失去平衡，趴到地上，路人见到我后立马将我扶起。 I stepped on a banana skin, lost my balance and fell flat on the ground. Passers-by saw me and helped me up immediately.[读后续写之动作描写] embarrassed　adj.难堪的，尴尬的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P109)I was so embarrassed that I wanted the floor to open up and consume me. 我感到非常尴尬，以至于我想找个地缝钻进去。 ②(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)I felt so depressed and sorry, an embarrassed smile creeping into my face. 我感到非常沮丧和难过，脸上不禁露出一丝尴尬的笑容。 (1)be/feel embarrassed to do sth. 对做某事感到尴尬 be/feel embarrassed about/at... 对……感到难为 情/不知所措 (2)embarrass vt. 使难堪，使尴尬 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 (3)embarrassment n. 尴尬；难为情 to one's embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)Tom feels embarrassed about/at forgetting his best friend's birthday, and he thinks it is one of the most embarrassing(embarrass) things he has ever done. (2)Although he knew the correct answer, he was embarrassed to raise(raise) his hand because he had made mistakes many times before. (3)令汤姆尴尬的是，他在全班面前进行英语演讲时忘词了。 →To his embarrassment, Tom forgot his lines when giving the English speech in front of the whole class.(embarrassment n．) →Tom felt embarrassed that he forgot his lines when giving the English speech in front of the whole class.(embarrassed adj.) →What embarrassed Tom was that he forgot his lines when giving the English speech in front of the whole class.(embarrass vt.)[读后续写之情感描写] consume　vt.消耗；吃；消费 【经典例句】 (2025·北京卷)The desire to stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. 引起注意的欲望吞噬着我，促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。 (1)be consumed with 充满(某种强烈的感情) (2)consumption n. 消费；消耗；消耗量 consumer n. 消费者；顾客；用户 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)When it comes to energy consumption, consumers in the developed countries consume the most energy in the world.(consume) (2)我满怀愧疚，鼓起勇气向他道歉，并承诺这样的事情绝不会再发生。 Consumed with guilt, I gathered my courage，apologized and promised that something like that would never ever happen again. confused　adj.困惑的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P110)He was confused and didn't know if he should carry on hitting me, or stop and help Mr Zhao—so he just stood there. 他不知所措，不知道是继续打我还是停下去帮助赵先生，所以他只是呆呆地站着。 ②(译林必修二U4)Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought. 你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。 (1)be/get confused about/with... 对……感到困惑 (2)confuse vt. 使困惑；使糊涂；使为难 confuse...with/and... 把……和……混淆 (3)confusion n. 困惑；糊涂；混淆 in confusion 困惑地；乱七八糟 (4)confusing adj. 令人困惑的；难以理解的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)His writing is so confusing(confuse) that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express. (2)“What's all this？” Katherine asked, obviously confused(confuse). (3)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)As for Bailey, she is more confused about/with why her act is considered a big deal. (4)得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，并对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑，我写信告诉你一些相关细节。 Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about/with the Chinese customs, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details. potential　n.潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P110) Son, you've got real potential. 孩子，你很有潜力。 ②(人教选必二U2)A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! 最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！ (1)the potential for (doing) sth. (做)某事的可能性 have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的潜力 realise/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力 (2)potentially adv. 可能地，潜在地 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)Every day has the potential to be(be) a good and, in some cases, a great day for you. (2)His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality, and potentially(potential) opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.[应用文写作之人物介绍] (3)As a good teacher, she uses different ways to encourage her students to realise/achieve their full potential(发挥他们的全部潜力). (4)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)有时候，需要的只是一个相信我们的人，一个看到我们潜力的人，即使我们自己没有看到。 Sometimes, all it takes is someone who believes in us, someone who sees our potential even when we don't see it ourselves. faithful　adj.忠诚的；忠实的；忠于原事/物的 【经典例句】 She is a faithful friend who always stands by my side. 她是我忠实的朋友，始终伴我左右。 (1)be faithful to...　　 对……忠诚； 忠实于…… (2)faith n. 信任；信心 lose faith in sb. 失去对某人的信任 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)His translation manages to be faithful to the spirit of the original. (2)(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith(faithful) of the subject. (3)他仍然很有天赋，但是他已经对自己丧失了信心。 He still has great talent, but he has lost faith in himself． measurement　n.测量，计量，衡量 【经典例句】 ①(教材P8)According to the scientific measurement of time, I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three． 根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。 ②(译林选必一U2)Most of the songs are about hardship and heartbreak, but also about hope—with plenty of humour thrown in for good measure.　大多数歌曲都是关于苦难和悲伤的，但也充满了希望——另外也有很多幽默。 measure vt.　　　　 　 测量；度量；估量 n. 措施；方法 measure...by... 用……来衡量…… take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 make sth. to sb.'s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 for good measure 另外；附加 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Tests include measurement(measure)of height, weight, and blood pressure. (2)It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured(measure) only by examination results. (3)Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring(measure) over two meters long, was found dead in a nearby cave. (4)因此，是我们采取措施保护海洋的时候了。 Therefore, it is high time that we took/should take measures to protect the oceans．[应用文写作之保护海洋] 表示“采取措施做某事”的短语还有take steps to do sth.、take action to do sth.等。 consultation　n.就诊；咨询 【经典例句】 The project manager arranged a consultation with the team to discuss the budget cuts before making a final decision. 项目经理在做出最终决定前安排团队磋商预算削减问题。 (1)consult vt.　　　 咨询；请教；商量；查阅 consult with sb. about sth. 与某人商量某事 (2)consultant n. 顾问 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)She consulted with her parents about the way to do the matter. (2)He felt quite honoured to become the President's consultant(consult) on economic affairs. (3)拿不准词义时，查查词典。 →When in doubt about the meaning of a word, consult a dictionary．(consult v．) →When in doubt about the meaning of a word, look up it in a dictionary．(look up) consult作“查阅”讲时，相当于refer to或turn to，后面接要查询的工具书；look up也有“查阅”之意，但它后面需接要查询的问题或内容。 announce　vt.宣布，宣告 【经典例句】 ①(教材P9)“Well, everything is working OK，” she announced afterwards. “不过一切正常，”她随后说。 ②(人教选必二U1)As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. 因为这个证据，约翰·斯诺就能够宣布水泵抽上来的水携带霍乱病菌。 (1)announce sth.to sb.(＝announce to sb.sth.)　　　　　　　 向某人宣布某事 It is announced that... 据称；据宣布…… (2)announcement n. 通知；宣布 make an announcement 下通知；宣布 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow because of the heavy snow. (2)The teacher made an announcement(announce) to the students that there would be an English contest next week. (3)我校英文报宣布即将举行以“手牵手，节约食物”为主题的作文比赛。 Our school English newspaper announces the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”．[应用文写作之通知] announce后不接双宾语，即不能用announce sb. sth.，但可以用announce sth. to sb.或announce to sb.sth.。 deserve　vt.应得，应受到 【经典例句】 ①(教材P11)I really don't think I deserve a zero. 我真的觉得我不应该得零分。 ②(外研选必一U1)We all deserve a second chance, I guess. 我想，我们都应该再有一次机会。 (1)deserve to do sth.　 值得/应该做某事 deserve doing＝deserve to be done 值得(被)做 (2)deserve attention/consideration/sympathy 值得注意/考虑/同情 deserve blame/punishment 应受责备/惩罚 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(译林选必一U2)Last night, I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. It's a piece that really deserves hearing/to be heard(hear). (2)We deserved to gain(gain) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.[读后续写之主旨升华] (3)令大家高兴的是，大卫到达了终点线并获得了第20名。无论他是否赢得第一名，他都值得被认可，因为他拥有勇敢的心和坚定的信念。 To everyone's joy, David reached the finish line and ranked 20th.Whether he won the first place or not, he deserved recognition/recognizing/to be recognized for his brave heart and strong faith.[读后续写之情绪描写] deserve后接doing，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need、want、require作“需要”讲时，也有类似的用法。 “be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……” 【经典例句】 ①(教材P8)A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store.　一个著名的艺术品收藏家正在城市中漫步，这时他看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。 ②(外研必修一U1)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在浏览公告栏上的图片，这时听见背后有人说话。 when意为“这时(突然)”时，可用于以下三种句型： (1)be doing...when... 正在做……这时(突然)…… (2)be about to do/be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时(突然)…… (3)had just done...when... 刚做完……这时(突然)…… 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)(外研必修三U6)I was sitting(sit) in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. (2)Tom had just fallen asleep when someone knocked at the door. (3)我正要出门，这时我的父母来看我。 →I was about to go out when my parents came to see me. →I was on the point of going out when my parents came to see me. 介词＋宾语从句 【经典例句】 ①(教材P9)He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor's surgery. 他在诊室里等着，像是等了好几个世纪。 ②(人教必修一U1)First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 首先，我必须非常认真地考虑自己想选什么课程。 介词后接宾语从句时，注意以下两点： (1)介词后不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要接it作形式宾语，再接that从句；但what、which、whom、how等连接词引导的宾语从句可直接放在介词后面； (2)介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不可接if引导的宾语从句。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(外研选必一U3)He finally ended up playing college ball at a small, little-known school, Davidson College, not too far from where he lived. (2)Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild. (3)我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。 We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time． An art collector noticed a cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. He realised that the saucer was an antique and very valuable. He decided 1.to buy (buy) the cat and offered to pay 200 dollars in the end. Then he asked the store owner to throw in the saucer, 2.but the owner refused to give it away, for he had sold 68 cats because of this 3.lucky(luck) saucer. Sherlock Holmes asked his faithful friend Dr. Watson what he saw from the sky. “Millions and millions of stars，” said Watson. According 4.to his knowledge on astronomy, he believed there were millions of 5.galaxies(galaxy) and billions of planets. He deduced that it was probably a quarter past three. From the current atmosphere, he forecast that it 6.would be(be) a beautiful day the next day. Watson didn't realise that someone had stolen 7.their(they) tent! A middle-aged man 8.who was depressed went to the doctor. The doctor examined him and found everything was OK. The doctor thought what the man needed was 9.a good laugh, and recommended him to go to a circus to see an amusing clown. 10.Actually(actual) the man was the clown. Ⅰ.品句填词 1．Today's food was particularly delicious, which gave the cat a good appetite around the house to catch mice. 2．People who pretend(假装)to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. 3．Just quit complaining.What matters now is how to get out of such an embarrassing(令人尴尬的) situation. 4．He consumed so much food at a time，which greatly astonished me. 5．He was really confused by the difficult problem which also bothered other people for a long time. 6．If you notice persistent anxiety(焦虑) that affects your sleep and daily work, it's better to talk to a professional counselor. 7．This is an opportunity to enhance(增强) the reputation of our city. 8．With a goal in mind, you will be amazed at your potential(潜力) if you strive for that goal. 9．The wait time allows the arteries (动脉) to return to the condition prior to taking the blood pressure measurement(测量). 10．There has been a significant(明显的) reduction in air pollution in the city over the past few years due to strict environmental regulations. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．My parents were anxious about me(为我担忧), because it was the first time that I had lived abroad alone. 2．Many students are consumed with stress(充满压力) before important exams, worrying too much about the results instead of focusing on their revision. 3．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance(失去平衡) and had a bad fall. 4．To his surprise, the store owner was willing to give away the extra food(赠送多余的礼物) to the homeless. 5．After a series of complex investigations and evaluations, that important task has finally been handed over to a more experienced team(移交给一个更有经验的团队). 6．I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye on him(照看他). Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 One day, 1.I was walking down the street when(我正走在大街上这时；be doing...when...) suddenly a man 2.carrying a mysterious package(拿着一个神秘的包裹；动词-ing形式作定语) caught my eye. He appeared nervous, constantly glancing around, which 3.made me eager to know(让我急切地想知道；make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) what was inside the mysterious package. Finally, he stopped and opened it, revealing a bundle of old letters. They seemed to hold some deep secrets, and I decided to seek 4.for what they had hidden(它们隐藏了什么；介词＋宾语从句). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $