Unit 4 Friends forever 单元测试卷（细目表+原卷+解析版+听力录音+答题卡）-2026-2027学年高中英语外研版必修第一册

外研版高中英语必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever单元测试卷 (原卷版) 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the woman do with the book? A. Read it tonight. B. Lend it to the man. C. Return it to the library. 2. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday? A. Go hiking. B. Have a picnic. C. Watch a movie. 3. How does the man sound? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Regretful. 4. Who is the man talking to? A. A stranger. B. His teacher. C. An old friend. 5. What is the main purpose of the conversation? A. To ask for help. B. To make an apology. C. To borrow money. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Whose birthday is coming up? A. Sarah's. B. John's. C. David's. 7. Where will the surprise party be held? A. At the school gym. B. At a restaurant. C. At John's house. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why is the woman angry with the man? A. He broke her phone. B. He forgot her birthday. C. He was late for a movie. 9. What was the man's excuse? A. He missed the bus. B. His car broke down. C. He had to help his sister. 10. What do they agree to do next time? A. Call each other earlier. B. Choose a different cinema. C. Go by subway. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many "friends" does the man have on his social media account? A. Around 100. B. Over 500. C. About 1,000. 12. What does the woman think about online friends? A. They are always reliable. B. Most of them are just acquaintances. C. They are better than real-life friends. 13. What does true friendship require according to the woman? A. Sharing photos daily. B. Spending money. C. Investing time and emotion. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the topic of the radio program? A. How to study effectively. B. Teenage friendships. C. Family communication. 15. What is the most common reason friends argue during high school? A. Jealousy and competition. B. Borrowing money. C. Different hobbies. 16. What advice does Dr. Evans give to resolve conflicts? A. Stop talking to the friend. B. Talk about feelings honestly. C. Ask parents to intervene. 17. What is a sign of a toxic friendship? A. Disagreeing on small things. B. Making you feel bad about yourself. C. Spending less time together. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is the speaker giving this speech? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a wedding. C. In an English class. 19. According to the speaker, what makes high school friendships special? A. Going to the same classes. B. Sharing lunch every day. C. Growing up and facing challenges together. 20. What does the speaker advise the listeners to do in the future? A. Forget the past. B. Keep in touch with old friends. C. Only focus on making new friends. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Global Pen Pal Program: Connect Across Borders! Have you ever wondered what teenage life is like in Tokyo, Paris, or Buenos Aires? Do you want to build a friendship that lasts forever, even across oceans? The International Youth Friendship Club (IYFC) invites you to join our Global Pen Pal Program! What is the Global Pen Pal Program? We match high school students from over 60 different countries based on shared interests, age, and language learning goals. Once matched, you will communicate with your new friend through traditional letters or secure email exchanges. Why Join Us? Cultural Exchange: Learn about different traditions, food, and daily routines directly from someone your own age. Language Practice: Want to improve your Spanish, French, or English? There’s no better way than talking to a native speaker! Lasting Bonds: Many of our past participants have remained close friends for years, and some even visit each other during summer holidays. How to Apply: 1. Visit our website at www.iyfc-penpals.org. 2. Fill out the personal profile form (including your hobbies and preferred language). 3. Pay a one-time registration fee of $15 (this covers the cost of translation tools and matching services). 4. Submit your application before October 31st. Special Note: Safety is our top priority. All emails are filtered through our secure platform to protect your personal information. Traditional letters are sent via our central mailing office. Don't miss this chance to make a friend forever. Sign up today! 21. What is the main purpose of the Global Pen Pal Program? A. To help students prepare for college entrance exams. B. To connect high school students from different countries. C. To teach students how to write formal business letters. D. To organize international summer travel camps. 22. How are students matched with their pen pals? A. By random selection by a computer. B. By their academic grades and test scores. C. By shared interests, age, and language goals. D. By the distance between their home countries. 23. Which of the following is required to join the program? A. Being able to speak at least three languages. B. Applying before the end of October. C. Paying a monthly fee of $15. D. Traveling abroad during the summer. B The street was almost empty on that cold, windy night in New York. A police officer was walking his beat, checking doors to make sure they were locked. Suddenly, he saw a man standing in the dark doorway of a closed hardware store. As the officer walked toward him, the man spoke up quickly. "It's all right, officer," he said. "I'm just waiting for a friend. It's an appointment we made exactly twenty years ago." The man struck a match and lit his cigar. The light showed a pale face with a small white scar near his right eye. He explained that twenty years ago tonight, he had dinner with his best friend, Jimmy Wells, at a restaurant right here on this spot. "We agreed that no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come, we would meet here again," the man said proudly. "I moved to the West and made a fortune. Jimmy stayed in New York. He was a good fellow, but a bit slow. I know he will come if he is alive." The officer listened patiently, asked a few questions, and then walked away, wishing the man luck. About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long coat hurried across the street. "Is that you, Bob?" he asked doubtfully. "Is that you, Jimmy Wells?" cried the man in the doorway. They grasped hands. The tall man suggested they go to a place he knew to have a long talk. As they walked to a corner with bright streetlights, Bob suddenly stopped and let go of the other man's arm. "You're not Jimmy Wells," he said sharply. "Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change a man's nose from a Roman to a pug." "It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one," said the tall man. "You've been under arrest for ten minutes, 'Silky' Bob. The Chicago police want you. Before we go to the station, here's a note from Patrolman Wells." Bob opened the note. His hand began to shake. It read: "Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar, I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. Somehow I couldn't do it myself, so I went around and got a plainclothes policeman to do the job. — Jimmy." 24. Why was Bob standing in the dark doorway? A. He was hiding from the police. B. He was planning to rob the hardware store. C. He was waiting to meet his friend Jimmy. D. He was trying to keep warm on a cold night. 25. How did Jimmy know that Bob was a wanted criminal? A. The tall man told him. B. He recognized Bob's face when Bob lit his cigar. C. He saw the white scar near Bob's eye on a poster. D. Bob confessed his crimes to him in the doorway. 26. Why did Jimmy send another policeman to arrest Bob? A. He was too cowardly to arrest a criminal. B. He didn't have his police equipment with him. C. He wanted to give Bob a chance to escape. D. He couldn't bear to arrest his old friend himself. 27. What theme is best reflected in this story? A. The conflict between duty and friendship. B. The importance of keeping appointments. C. The danger of wandering on the street at night. D. The process of becoming a wealthy man in the West. C We all know that having friends is important for our happiness, but have you ever wondered how many friends you can actually have? If you look at your social media accounts, you might have hundreds or even thousands of "friends." However, science suggests that the true number of meaningful relationships a human can maintain is much smaller. This concept is known as "Dunbar's number." In the 1990s, British anthropologist Robin Dunbar studied the brain sizes of various primates (灵长类动物) and compared them to the sizes of their social groups. He discovered a correlation: the larger the neocortex (the part of the brain responsible for conscious thought and language), the larger the social group the animal could manage. When Dunbar applied this formula to human brains, he came up with a specific number: 150. According to his research, 150 is the cognitive limit to the number of people with whom we can maintain stable social relationships—relationships in which you know who each person is and how every person relates to every other person. Dunbar further divided this number into circles of intimacy. At the center are your closest friends and family, usually about 5 people. The next circle contains about 15 good friends—the people you would invite to a small dinner party. The circle extends to 50 friends, and finally to the limit of 150 casual friends. Maintaining these relationships requires a significant investment of time and emotional energy. Our brains simply do not have the capacity to care deeply about a thousand people. While modern technology allows us to connect with people all over the globe, it hasn't changed the biological limits of our brains. So, the next time you feel bad about not having 500 friends, remember Dunbar's number. It's perfectly natural, and scientifically proven, that quality is far more important than quantity when it comes to friendship. 28. How did Robin Dunbar determine the number 150? A. By interviewing thousands of active social media users. B. By calculating the time people spend with their friends. C. By studying the relationship between brain size and social group size. D. By analyzing the average number of guests at human weddings. 29. What does "stable social relationships" mean in the context of Dunbar's number? A. Relationships where people lend money to each other. B. Relationships where you know everyone's identity and connections. C. Relationships that last for more than twenty years. D. Relationships formed exclusively in the workplace. 30. According to Dunbar's circles of intimacy, how many "good friends" does a person typically have? A. 5 B. 15 C. 50 D. 150 31. What is the main message the author wants to convey? A. Social media is destroying human brains. B. We should try our best to make at least 150 friends. C. Human brain evolution has stopped in the modern age. D. True friendship is limited by our cognitive capacity, emphasizing quality. D In the digital age, the definition of friendship has undergone a radical transformation. With a simple click, we can "friend" someone on Facebook, "follow" them on Instagram, or maintain a "streak" on Snapchat. We are more connected than any previous generation in history. Yet, paradoxically, studies show that young adults today report feeling more isolated and lonelier than ever before. The problem lies in the illusion of connection that social media provides. When we like a friend's photo or send a quick emoji, our brains receive a tiny hit of dopamine (多巴胺), making us feel momentarily socially satisfied. However, this shallow interaction lacks the depth and emotional resonance of face-to-face communication. True friendship—the kind that lasts forever—is forged through shared experiences, vulnerability, and physical presence. It involves sitting with a friend when they are crying, reading their body language, and hearing the tone of their voice. It requires patience and the willingness to navigate misunderstandings. Digital interactions, which are often carefully curated and filtered, hide the messy reality of human emotions. You might know what your online friend had for breakfast, but do you know what keeps them awake at night? Furthermore, the public nature of digital friendship often turns relationships into a performance. We measure the value of a friendship by the number of likes a shared photo receives, rather than the private support exchanged. This creates a culture of comparison and anxiety, where teenagers fear missing out (FOMO) if they aren't constantly online. To build friendships that truly matter, we must consciously step away from our screens. We need to prioritize spending time together in the physical world. A two-hour coffee chat with one close friend is far more nourishing to the human soul than exchanging brief messages with fifty acquaintances online. 32. What paradox regarding the digital age is mentioned in the first paragraph? A. People have more friends online but spend less time on screens. B. Technology is advancing rapidly, but human intelligence is declining. C. We are highly connected digitally, yet people feel more isolated and lonely. D. Social media is free, but it costs a lot of emotional energy. 33. Why is interacting on social media described as an "illusion of connection"? A. Because the accounts we follow are often fake. B. Because it gives a temporary feeling of satisfaction without emotional depth. C. Because people often lie about their real names online. D. Because the internet connection can be unstable. 34. How does the public nature of digital friendship affect teenagers? A. It makes them more confident in public speaking. B. It encourages them to share their deepest secrets. C. It helps them build stronger real-life relationships. D. It turns friendship into a performance and causes anxiety. 35. What is the author's attitude towards building true friendships? A. We should completely abandon all social media platforms. B. We should value face-to-face interactions over digital communication. C. We should try to have as many online followers as possible. D. We should measure friendship by the frequency of sending messages. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Maintain a Long-Distance Friendship When high school ends or families move, close friends are often separated by geography. It can be heartbreaking to say goodbye to a best friend. ___36___ With a little effort and creativity, a long-distance friendship can remain just as strong, if not stronger. Schedule regular catch-ups. Life gets busy, and if you don't plan, weeks can go by without talking. ___37___ Treat this appointment just like a doctor's visit or a sports practice—don't cancel unless it's an absolute emergency. Hearing each other's voices or seeing each other on a video call is much better than just texting. Share the small stuff. When you don't see someone every day, it's easy to think you only need to share big news, like passing a major exam or winning an award. ___38___ Send them a picture of a funny dog you saw on the street, or text them a song you've been listening to. These little moments make you feel like you are still part of each other's daily lives. ___39___ Nothing beats the excitement of receiving real mail. Taking the time to write a handwritten letter, pick out a postcard, or send a small care package shows your friend that you really care. It’s a physical reminder of your friendship that they can keep on their desk. Accept that things will change. You are both going to grow, meet new people, and develop new interests. That is a normal part of life. ___40___ Instead of being jealous of their new local friends, be happy for them. True friends support each other's growth, no matter how many miles apart they are. A. Send surprise packages or letters. B. Therefore, many friendships naturally end after graduation. C. Set a specific time each week or month for a phone or video call. D. But physical distance doesn't have to mean the end of a friendship. E. However, sharing the boring, everyday details is what keeps the bond tight. F. Don't expect your friendship to look exactly the same as it did back home. G. Always expect your friend to reply to your messages immediately. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Moving to a new city in the middle of high school was my worst nightmare. On my first day at Lincoln High, I felt like an alien. Everyone already had their own ___41___ groups. As the lunch bell rang, the panic set in. I walked into the crowded cafeteria, clutching my food, searching for an empty ___42___. Every table was full of kids laughing and sharing inside jokes. I kept my head down, feeling completely ___43___. Just as I was about to give up and eat in the restroom, I heard a ___44___. "Hey! Do you want to sit here?" I looked up to see a girl with curly hair waving at me. Her name was Chloe. I walked over, ___45___ saying thank you. She introduced me to her friends and asked about my old school. She didn't treat me like a ___46___; she treated me like someone worth knowing. Over the next few months, Chloe and I became ___47___. We studied together, watched movies, and shared our deepest secrets. But the true ___48___ of our friendship came during the winter term. I failed my math midterm and felt entirely defeated. I wanted to ___49___ the advanced class. Chloe didn't let me give up. Every afternoon, instead of going to basketball practice, she ___50___ in the library with me. She patiently explained the complex formulas until I finally ___51___ them. She never made me feel stupid. When the final exam results came out, I got an A. I ran to Chloe and hugged her tightly. "I couldn't have done it ___52___ you," I said, tears in my eyes. "That's what ___53___ are for," she smiled warmly. Looking back, I realize that true friendship isn't about grand gestures. It starts with something as ___54___ as offering a seat in a crowded cafeteria, and it grows by showing up when things get ___55___. 41. A. study B. friend C. family D. travel 42. A. seat B. plate C. classroom D. book 43. A. excited B. angry C. invisible D. curious 44. A. song B. warning C. joke D. voice 45. A. nervously B. proudly C. rudely D. casually 46. A. star B. teacher C. stranger D. criminal 47. A. competitors B. strangers C. classmates D. inseparable 48. A. test B. beginning C. end D. price 49. A. join B. quit C. teach D. pass 50. A. slept B. played C. stayed D. ate 51. A. forgot B. understood C. hated D. wrote 52. A. without B. with C. behind D. before 53. A. teachers B. parents C. friends D. doctors 54. A. simple B. difficult C. expensive D. dangerous 55. A. easy B. hard C. fun D. boring 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know that there is a special day dedicated to friendship? International Day of Friendship is celebrated globally on July 30th. The idea ___56___ (propose) by the United Nations in 2011 with the goal of promoting peace and understanding between different cultures. The UN believes that friendship between peoples, countries, cultures, and individuals can inspire peace efforts and build bridges between communities. By bringing people together, we can work ___57___ (solve) global challenges like poverty and violence. The celebration of friendship takes many ___58___ (form) around the world. In some countries, people exchange small gifts or friendship bands, ___59___ (symbolize) their unbreakable bond. In other places, communities hold festivals ___60___ people from different backgrounds can share food and music. However, celebrating friendship is not just about one single day in a year. True friendship requires continuous effort ___61___ care. It is about being there for someone in times of need, listening without judgment, and ___62___ (forgive) each other's mistakes. In a world that can sometimes feel divided, friendship is a powerful force. It reminds us that despite our differences, we are all connected. As an old saying goes, "A true friend is one who walks in ___63___ the rest of the world walks out." Let us cherish our friends ___64___ (deep) and strive to be good friends to others, for friendship is truly one of the greatest ___65___ (gift) in life. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办主题为“What makes a true friend”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 真朋友应具备的品质（如：忠诚、诚实、乐于助人等）； 2. 结合你的经历举例说明； 3. 呼吁大家珍惜友谊。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! I am honored to stand here and share my thoughts on "What makes a true friend." ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sarah and Mia had been best friends since kindergarten. They shared everything: secrets, clothes, and a passion for acting. This year, the school drama club announced that they would be performing Romeo and Juliet. Both girls eagerly auditioned (试镜) for the lead role of Juliet. They practiced their lines together for weeks, promising that no matter who got the part, they would be happy for each other. However, when the cast list was finally posted on the bulletin board, Sarah’s heart sank. Mia’s name was listed next to Juliet. Sarah was given a minor role as a servant. Mia hugged Sarah excitedly, shouting, "I can't believe I got it!" Sarah forced a smile and muttered a quick "Congratulations," but inside, a dark cloud of jealousy formed. Over the next month, as rehearsals began, the distance between them grew. Mia was always busy practicing with the main cast, while Sarah sat quietly in the back, feeling ignored. Sarah stopped waiting for Mia after school and avoided her phone calls. The promise they had made seemed completely forgotten. Finally, opening night arrived. The school auditorium was packed with parents and students. The lights dimmed, and the curtain went up. Mia stepped onto the stage, looking radiant in her costume. But as she began her first long speech, her mind suddenly went blank. She froze, staring at the audience in panic. The silence in the auditorium grew heavy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: Standing backstage, Sarah saw the terror in Mia's eyes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the play was over, the audience erupted in loud applause. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第 1 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版高中英语必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever 单元测试卷 双向细目表 试卷总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 单元主题：Friends forever（友谊的价值、交友准则、冲突与化解） 适用题型：全国新课标二卷模式 第一部分 听力题型考点明细表 题号 考查内容/考点 语篇体裁及题材 难度预估 分值 （单位：分） 能力层级 核心素养指向 1 细节理解：物品借用 简短对话（朋友间借书） 易 1.5 B 语言能力：获取关键信息 2 细节理解：活动安排 简短对话（周末活动计划，因雨改为看电影） 易 1.5 B 语言能力：理解时间与计划 3 推理判断：情绪态度 简短对话（朋友间因未回电产生误会） 易 1.5 C 文化意识：理解人际交往情感 4 细节理解：人物身份 简短对话（路遇高中老友） 易 1.5 B 语言能力：根据语境推断身份 5 主旨要义：谈话目的 简短对话（为昨日无礼言论道歉与和好） 易 1.5 C 语言能力：获取核心要义 6-7 细节理解、推理判断 长对话（为好朋友John策划生日惊喜派对） 中 3.0 B、C 思维品质：分析计划与统筹安排 8-10 细节理解、推理判断 长对话（化解因迟到引发的友谊危机） 中 4.5 B、C 思维品质：评估矛盾并寻求解决方案 11-13 细节理解、主旨大意 长对话（探讨网络点赞之交与现实友谊） 中/难 4.5 B、D 学习能力：辨析不同社交方式的本质 14-17 细节理解、推理判断 长对话（心理学家访谈：青少年友谊法则、嫉妒与竞争、毒友谊） 中 6.0 B、C 文化意识：理解心理学视角的友谊动态 18-20 主旨大意、细节理解 独白（关于“持久友谊”的主题毕业演讲） 难 4.5 C、D 思维品质：深层理解与价值升华 阅读理解及七选五题型考点分布表 题型板块 题号 考查内容/考点 语篇体裁及题材 难度 分值 （单位：分） 核心素养指向 阅读A篇 21 细节理解 应用文：全球笔友交流项目招募启事 易 2.5 语言能力：快速定位报名条件 22 细节理解 应用文：同上 易 2.5 语言能力：获取项目具体活动细节 23 细节理解 应用文：同上 易 2.5 语言能力：理解截止日期及费用 阅读B篇 24 细节理解 记叙文（致敬《二十年后》）：跨越时光的二十年赴约与友谊考验 易 2.5 语言能力：梳理故事背景与时间线 25 细节理解 记叙文：同上 易 2.5 语言能力：理解人物的外貌与动作 26 推理判断 记叙文：同上 中 2.5 思维品质：推断人物内心的情感冲突 27 主旨大意/推理判断 记叙文：同上 难 2.5 思维品质：结合反转结局评价真挚友谊与职责冲突 阅读C篇 28 细节理解 说明文：“邓巴数”与友谊的科学，人类社交的认知极限 中 2.5 语言能力：辨析科学研究概念 29 细节理解 说明文：同上 中 2.5 思维品质：理解大脑结构与社交规模的关系 30 细节理解/数据定位 说明文：同上 中 2.5 语言能力：推断维持好朋友圈层所需的时间成本与亲密圈划分 31 主旨大意 说明文：同上 中/难 2.5 思维品质：概括全篇核心观点，理解社交质量胜于数量 阅读D篇 32 细节理解 议论文：数字化时代的友谊，社交媒体是否削弱了真朋友 中 2.5 语言能力：理解作者对网络社交局限性的定义 33 细节理解 议论文：同上 中 2.5 思维品质：分析“点赞”带来的虚拟满足感 34 推理判断 议论文：同上 难 2.5 思维品质：评估数字交流与面对面交流的本质区别 35 作者态度/意图 议论文：同上 难 2.5 学习能力：领悟作者提倡回归真实物理世界互动的呼吁 七选五 36 承上启下/句间过渡 说明文：如何在高中阶段维持异地友谊（Long-distance friendship） 易 2.5 思维品质：把握语篇上下文转折与逻辑过渡 37 细节例证/行动建议 说明文：同上 中 2.5 语言能力：识别具体行动建议，细化“安排定期交流” 38 逻辑衔接/细节支撑 说明文：同上 中 2.5 思维品质：理解转折后的细节例证，探讨分享日常的意义 39 段落主旨/小标题概括 说明文：同上 中 2.5 学习能力：归纳段落大意，总结小标题 40 承上启下/逻辑过渡 说明文：同上 难 2.5 思维品质：理解并接受友谊随时间发生的变化与成长 第三部分 语言运用题型考点明细表 题型 题号 考查内容/考点 语篇体裁及题材 难度预估 分值 （单位：分） 核心素养与核心考点对标 完形填空 41-55 名词(6) 动词(3) 形容词(4) 副词(1) 介词(1) 记叙文：作者在转学到新学校初期的孤独，得到同伴 Chloe 的热心邀请和耐心辅导，最终克服挫折并领悟“患难见真情” 中/难 15.0 在语篇层面结合上下文逻辑、人物心理变化选择最恰当的词汇，体会“患难见真情”的主题升华。 语法填空 56 谓语动词 (一般过去时的被动语态) 说明文：“国际友谊日”的历史起源与文化意义 中 1.5 时态与语态掌握 (propose -> was proposed) 语法填空 57 非谓语动词 (不定式表目的) 说明文：同上 中 1.5 掌握非谓语动词作目的状语 (solve -> to solve) 语法填空 58 名词 (名词复数) 说明文：同上 易 1.5 掌握名词单复数形变转换 (form -> forms) 语法填空 59 非谓语动词 (现在分词作伴随状语) 说明文：同上 中/难 1.5 掌握现在分词作伴随状语 (symbolize -> symbolizing) 语法填空 60 定语从句 (关系副词 where) 说明文：同上 难 1.5 分析复合句结构，掌握关系副词 where 引导定语从句 语法填空 61 并列连词 (and) 说明文：同上 易 1.5 分析句子并列成分间的逻辑关系 (effort and care) 语法填空 62 非谓语动词 (动名词并列作介词宾语) 说明文：同上 中 1.5 掌握动名词在并列结构中作介词宾语 (forgive -> forgiving) 语法填空 63 状语从句 (连词 when/while) 说明文：同上 中 1.5 分析句子逻辑关系，掌握时间状语从句 (when) 语法填空 64 副词 (词性转换，形容词变副词) 说明文：同上 易 1.5 词形转换，形容词变副词修饰动词 (deep -> deeply) 语法填空 65 名词 (名词复数) 说明文：同上 易 1.5 掌握 "one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数" 结构 (gift -> gifts) 第四部分 英语写作题型考点信息表 题号 题型/考查形式 语篇体裁及题材 难度预估 分值 （单位：分） 核心素养与命题意图对标 第一节 应用文写作（演讲稿） 以英语社团“What makes a true friend”为题发表演讲 中 15.0 语言能力、文化意识：能清晰、有逻辑地阐述真朋友应具备的品质，结合个人经历举例说明，并呼吁珍惜友谊。 第二节 读后续写（记叙文） 两个闺蜜（Sarah and Mia）竞争同一个Juliet主角产生嫉妒和隔阂，在Mia忘词时Sarah给予无私帮助，最终化解矛盾 难 25.0 思维品质、语言能力：情节合理性、微观心理刻画、冲突和解与升华，树立“良性竞争与真诚协作”价值观。 第五部分 试卷难度及命题意图分析总结 分类维度 详情说明 语篇话题（Content） 紧扣 Unit 4 "Friends forever" 主题，全面覆盖交友准则、友谊危机化解、友谊的科学解释以及数字时代社交反思，落实了新课标“人与社会——人际沟通与社会交往”的主题语境。 难度系数（Difficulty） 整卷难度比例约为 易(30%) : 中(50%) : 难(20%)，既有基础的细节获取，也有对抽象概念（如邓巴数、数字友谊弊端）的高阶思维考查。 素养导向（Core Competencies） 通过改编致敬欧·亨利《二十年后》的阅读B篇，考查文学鉴赏能力；通过C、D篇外刊文章（《卫报》《大西洋月刊》素材），培养学生在信息时代的批判性思维；写作部分强调共情能力与健康竞争意识。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $外研版高中英语必修一Unit4 Friends forever单元测试卷 答题卡 班级 姓名 贴条码区域 考号 注 1.答题前请将姓名、班级、考场、座号和准考证号填写清楚 正确填涂 考生禁填 意 2.客观题答题，必须使用2B铅笔填涂，修改时用橡皮擦干净。 (由监考老饰填涂) 3.主观题必须使用黑色签字笔书写。 事 错误填涂 缺考☐ 4.必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效」 项 之 违规口 5.保持答卷清洁完整。 【】☑W砂白 听力题（共20题，共30分） 1 IA]IB][C] 6 [AI[B]ICI 11 [A]IB]IC] 16 [A]IB]IC] 7 IAIIB]ICI 12[A】[BJ[C] 17[A][B][C] 3 [A][B]IC] 8 [A]IBI[CI 13[A]IB][C] 18 [A][BI[C] 4 [A][B][C] 9 IA][BIICI 14 [A][B]IC] 19IA]IB】ICJ 5[A1[B1C1 10[A1[B]IC1 15 [A][B][C] 20[A][BJ[C] 二、 阅读理解（共20题，共50分） 21【A][B1[C1ID] 26[A1[B1[C1[D] 31[A1[B1[C1LD1 36 [A][B][CIIDIIE][F]IG] 22【A1IB1[C1IDJ 27【A1[B1[CJ[D] 32 [A][B]IC]ID] 37 [A][B]IC]ID][E][F]IG] 23【A]IB]IC][DJ 28 [A][B]IC][D] 33 [A][B][C][D] 38 [A][B]IC]ID][E][F][G] 24[A1[B1IC1【D1 29 [A]IB]ICI [D] 34[A1[B1[C1[D] 39 IA][B]ICIID][E][FI[GI 25【A][BI[CIDJ 30【A][BIIC]ID] 35 [A][B]IC]ID] 40 [A]IB][C]ID][E][F]IG] 完形填空（共15题，共15分） 41 IA]IB][C][D] 46【A1[B1[C][D] 51【A][BJIC]ID] 42 [A]IB]IC]ID] 47【A][B1[C]ID] 52 [A][B]IC][D] 43 [A][B][CI ID] 48 [A]IB]ICI ID] 53 [A][B][C][D] 44 [A]IB][CI [D] 49 [A][B]ICI ID] 54 [A][B][C][D] 45【A]IB]IC1[D] 50 IA][B]IC]ID] 55 IA][B]IC][D] 语法填空(15分) 56 57、 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 作文 15 Hello,everyone! I am honored to stand here and share my thoughts on "What makes a true friend." 请在各题目的作答区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 第1页共2页 ■ 请保持答题卡干净整洁，不要污损 请在各题目的作答区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 Thank you for listening! 第二节(25分) Standing backstage,Sarah saw the terror in Mia's eyes. When the play was over,the audience erupted in loud applause.. 请在各题目的作答区域内作答，超出矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 第2页共2页 外研版高中英语必修一 Unit 4 Friends forever 单元测试卷 【解析版】 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the woman do with the book? A. Read it tonight. B. Lend it to the man. C. Return it to the library. 【答案】B 【名师解析】考查细节事实与言语意图。对话中，男士问女士是否看完了关于友谊的书，女士说看完了，并表示‘I can lend it to you if you want’（如果你想看的话我可以借给你），男士感到很高兴。虽然后文提到下周要还给图书馆（Return it to the library），但那是下周的事，女士当前对这本书的处置是借给男士。故选B。 【录音原文】 M: Did you finish reading the book about friendship? W: Yes, I did. I can lend it to you if you want to read it tonight. M: That would be great! W: I have to return it to the library next week. So make sure you finish it by then. 2. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday? A. Go hiking. B. Have a picnic. C. Watch a movie. 【答案】C 【名师解析】考查计划变更与时间细节。对话中，女士首先询问周六是否照旧去徒步或野餐，男士提到天气预报说要下暴雨。女士随即建议‘How about going to the cinema to watch a movie instead?’（改为去电影院看电影怎么样），男士欣然同意。因此他们周六的计划改为了看电影。故选C。 【录音原文】 W: Are we still going hiking or having a picnic this Saturday, Mark? M: The weather forecast says it's going to rain heavily. W: What a pity! How about going to the cinema to watch a movie instead? M: Sounds like a great plan. Let's do that. 3. How does the man sound? A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Regretful. 【答案】C 【名师解析】考查情绪态度判断。男士在录音中明确叹息说：‘I feel so bad, Lucy. I completely forgot that it was David's birthday yesterday... I feel so regretful’（我感到太糟糕了，我完全忘了昨天是戴维的生日……我感到非常后悔/内疚）。因此，男士的声音听起来充满了内疚与后悔（Regretful）。故选C。 【录音原文】 M: I feel so bad, Lucy. I completely forgot that it was David's birthday yesterday. I didn't even send him a text message. W: Don't worry, David is very understanding. Just call him and explain. M: I really should have been more careful. I feel so regretful. 4. Who is the man talking to? A. A stranger. B. His teacher. C. An old friend. 【答案】C 【名师解析】考查人际关系判断。根据录音，男士惊讶地呼喊：‘Is that you, Sarah? We haven't seen each other since we graduated from high school five years ago!’（是你吗，萨拉？真不敢相信！我们自五年前高中毕业后就没见过了！），女士也表示‘run into you here’极为惊喜。由此可见，两人是高中老友（old friend）。故选C。 【录音原文】 M: Oh my goodness! Is that you, Sarah? I can't believe it! We haven't seen each other since we graduated from high school five years ago! W: Yes, Jack! What a small world! It is so wonderful to run into you here! 5. What is the main purpose of the conversation? A. To ask for help. B. To make an apology. C. To borrow money. 【答案】B 【名师解析】考查言语目的判断。男士一开口便说明来意：‘I'm writing this email to say I'm truly sorry for what I said during our argument yesterday’（我写这封信是为了对昨天争吵时我说的话表达真诚的歉意，我不是故意要伤害你），女士表示接受。因此，本交谈的核心目的是为了道歉（To make an apology）。故选B。 【录音原文】 M: Hey, Lily. I'm writing this email to say I'm truly sorry for what I said during our argument yesterday. I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. W: It's okay, Peter. I appreciate your apology. Let's forget about it and remain good friends. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Whose birthday is coming up? A. Sarah's. B. John's. C. David's. 7. Where will the surprise party be held? A. At the school gym. B. At a restaurant. C. At John's house. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【名师解析】【第6题】考查细节事实。根据录音开头，女声明确说道：‘John's birthday is coming up next Wednesday’（约翰的生日下周三就到了），他们准备为他办一个惊喜派对。故选B。 【第7题】考查活动地点选择。男士提到本想在学校体育馆举办惊喜派对，但觉得太吵，进而提议：‘How about having a dinner party at a restaurant?’（在餐厅举办晚餐晚宴怎么样？），女士回答说学校附近新开的意大利餐厅非常完美。因此派对将在餐厅举行。故选B。 【录音原文】 W: Hey, David! John's birthday is coming up next Wednesday. Are we going to organize a surprise party for him? M: Absolutely, Sarah! John is our best friend. I was thinking we could host it at the school gym, but it's too noisy. How about having a dinner party at a restaurant? W: That's much better. The new Italian restaurant near our school is perfect. Let's invite all our classmates. M: Great! I will book a table. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why is the woman angry with the man? A. He broke her phone. B. He forgot her birthday. C. He was late for a movie. 9. What was the man's excuse? A. He missed the bus. B. His car broke down. C. He had to help his sister. 10. What do they agree to do next time? A. Call each other earlier. B. Choose a different cinema. C. Go by subway. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 【名师解析】【第8题】考查冲突起因。根据对话开头，女生愤怒指出：‘You are finally here, Tom! The movie started twenty minutes ago!’（你终于到了！电影20分钟前就开播了！我一直站在冷风里等你），可知女生生气是因为男士看电影迟到。故选C。 【第9题】考查借口/因果细节。男士解释说他并非故意，而是‘my car suddenly broke down on my way here’（我的车在半路突然抛锚/坏掉了），他不得不等维修，因而耽误。故选B。 【第10题】考查下一步协定。女生抱怨男生遇到突发状况没有及时通知，男士解释说手机没电了。最后女生提出：‘let's agree to call or text each other immediately... next time’（下次说好如果发生状况要立刻打电话或发信息通知对方），男士完全同意。故选A。 【录音原文】 W: You are finally here, Tom! The movie started twenty minutes ago! I've been standing in the cold waiting for you. I'm so angry! M: I am so sorry, Jenny! I really wanted to be on time, but my car suddenly broke down on my way here. I had to wait for the repair service, and I missed the bus too. W: Why didn't you call me earlier to let know? M: My phone's battery was dead. I'm so sorry. W: Well, let's agree to call or text each other immediately if anything happens next time. M: Definitely. Let's go inside now. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How many "friends" does the man have on his social media account? A. Around 100. B. Over 500. C. About 1,000. 12. What does the woman think about online friends? A. They are always reliable. B. Most of them are just acquaintances. C. They are better than real-life friends. 13. What does true friendship require according to the woman? A. Sharing photos daily. B. Spending money. C. Investing time and emotion. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 【名师解析】【第11题】考查细节事实检索。男士得意地向女士炫耀：‘I have about 1,000 friends on my social media account now!’（我现在在社交媒体上大约有1000个朋友了！）。故选C。 【第12题】考查观点判断。女士针对男士的炫耀提出了理性批判：‘To be honest, I think most of your online 'friends' are just acquaintances’（说实话，我认为你绝大多数的网络‘好友’都仅仅是泛泛之交/熟人而已）。这对应了B项。故选B。 【第13题】考查深层含义理解。女士指出网络点赞并非真友谊，‘True friendship isn't about numbers. It requires us to invest real time and emotion’（真正的友谊与数字无关，它要求我们投入真实的时间与情感）。故选C。 【录音原文】 M: Look, Lucy! I have about 1,000 friends on my social media account now! I get hundreds of likes every time I share a photo! W: That's interesting, Jack. But how many of them do you actually know in real life? M: Well, maybe around 50 of them are classmates, and the rest are online friends. W: To be honest, I think most of your online 'friends' are just acquaintances. They like your photos, but would they help you when you are in trouble? M: Probably not. W: Exactly. True friendship isn't about numbers. It requires us to invest real time and emotion. M: You're right. I should spend more time with my real-life friends. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the topic of the radio program? A. How to study effectively. B. Teenage friendships. C. Family communication. 15. What is the most common reason friends argue during high school? A. Jealousy and competition. B. Borrowing money. C. Different hobbies. 16. What advice does Dr. Evans give to resolve conflicts? A. Stop talking to the friend. B. Talk about feelings honestly. C. Ask parents to intervene. 17. What is a sign of a toxic friendship? A. Disagreeing on small things. B. Making you feel bad about yourself. C. Spending less time together. 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 17. B 【名师解析】【第14题】考查谈话核心主题。节目主持人在开头介绍说：‘Today, we are discussing teenage friendships with our school counselor...’（今天，我们将和学校辅导员一起探讨‘青少年友谊’话题）。故选B。 【第15题】考查因果关系细节。当主持人问及高中阶段朋友间争吵最普遍的诱因时，埃文斯博士（Dr. Evans）解释说：‘our studies show that jealousy and competition—especially regarding grades or roles in school activities—are the most common triggers’（我们的研究表明，嫉妒与竞争——尤其是关于成绩或学校活动角色的竞争——是最普遍的诱因）。这对应了A项。故选A。 【第16题】考查应对建议细节。埃文斯博士指出解决冲突的最优路径：‘The best way is to sit down and talk about your feelings honestly... Sincere communication is key’（最好的办法是坐下来，诚实地谈谈你的感受，真诚的沟通是关键）。故选B。 【第17题】考查心理学术语概念。当问及什么是“毒友谊（toxic friendship）”的清晰指征时，博士指出：‘If someone constantly criticizes you and makes you feel bad about yourself, that's a toxic relationship’（如果某人总是批评你、让你贬低自己/感觉自我糟糕，这就是一段毒友谊）。这对应了B项。故选B。 【录音原文】 W: Good afternoon, listeners! Welcome to "Teenage World." Today, we are discussing teenage friendships with our school counselor, Dr. Evans. Welcome, Dr. Evans! M: Thank you. It's a pleasure to be here. W: Dr. Evans, high school is a critical time for making friends, but it's also a time of many arguments. What is the most common reason friends argue during high school? M: Well, while different hobbies or money can cause problems, our studies show that jealousy and competition—especially regarding grades or roles in school activities—are the most common triggers. W: How can teenagers resolve these conflicts? M: The best way is to sit down and talk about your feelings honestly. Don't hide your feelings or let parents intervene immediately. Direct, sincere communication is key. W: Yes, absolutely. What about 'toxic' friendships? What is a clear sign of that? M: A true friend supports you. If someone constantly criticizes you and makes you feel bad about yourself, that's a toxic relationship. You should step away. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is the speaker giving this speech? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a wedding. C. In an English class. 19. According to the speaker, what makes high school friendships special? A. Going to the same classes. B. Sharing lunch every day. C. Growing up and facing challenges together. 20. What does the speaker advise the listeners to do in the future? A. Forget the past. B. Keep in touch with old friends. C. Only focus on making new friends. 【答案】18. A 19. C 20. B 【名师解析】【第18题】考查演讲具体场景判定。根据演讲者开场白：‘Standing here today at our graduation ceremony...’（今天站在这里，在我们的毕业典礼上，我回首我们三年的高中生活），可以判定该演讲发生在高中毕业典礼上。故选A。 【第19题】考查核心意图与观点。演讲者深情阐述说，高中友谊之所以极其特殊，‘It's not just about going to same classes... It is about growing up and facing challenges together...’（不仅仅是因为在同一个班上课或共进午餐，而是因为我们一同成长、共同面对挑战——深夜的复习、体育比赛的胜利和泪水）。故选C。 【第20题】考查行动呼吁与建议。在演讲的最后，发言人建议大家即使去往不同的大学，也一定要：‘keep in touch with your old friends’（和你们的老朋友保持联系，因为时间与距离无法磨灭青春铸就的纽带）。故选B。 【录音原文】 M: Good morning, teachers, parents, and fellow graduates! Standing here today at our graduation ceremony, I look back at our three years of high school. What I cherish most are the friendships we built. High school friendships are incredibly special. It's not just about going to the same classes or sharing lunch. It is about growing up and facing challenges together—the late-night study sessions, the sports victories, and the shared tears. As we step into the future and move to different universities, some of us might lose touch. But I advise all of you to keep in touch with your old friends. Distance cannot destroy a bond that was forged in our youth. Thank you, and congratulations, Class of 2027! 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Global Pen Pal Program: Connect Across Borders! Have you ever wondered what teenage life is like in Tokyo, Paris, or Buenos Aires? Do you want to build a friendship that lasts forever, even across oceans? The International Youth Friendship Club (IYFC) invites you to join our Global Pen Pal Program! What is the Global Pen Pal Program? We match high school students from over 60 different countries based on shared interests, age, and language learning goals. Once matched, you will communicate with your new friend through traditional letters or secure email exchanges. Why Join Us? Cultural Exchange: Learn about different traditions, food, and daily routines directly from someone your own age. Language Practice: Want to improve your Spanish, French, or English? There’s no better way than talking to a native speaker! Lasting Bonds: Many of our past participants have remained close friends for years, and some even visit each other during summer holidays. How to Apply: 1. Visit our website at www.iyfc-penpals.org. 2. Fill out the personal profile form (including your hobbies and preferred language). 3. Pay a one-time registration fee of $15 (this covers the cost of translation tools and matching services). 4. Submit your application before October 31st. Special Note: Safety is our top priority. All emails are filtered through our secure platform to protect your personal information. Traditional letters are sent via our central mailing office. Don't miss this chance to make a friend forever. Sign up today! 21. What is the main purpose of the Global Pen Pal Program? A. To help students prepare for college entrance exams. B. To connect high school students from different countries. C. To teach students how to write formal business letters. D. To organize international summer travel camps. 22. How are students matched with their pen pals? A. By random selection by a computer. B. By their academic grades and test scores. C. By shared interests, age, and language goals. D. By the distance between their home countries. 23. Which of the following is required to join the program? A. Being able to speak at least three languages. B. Applying before the end of October. C. Paying a monthly fee of $15. D. Traveling abroad during the summer. 【答案详解】 • A篇（应用文：全球笔友交流项目招募启事） 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 【导语】本文是一篇极富跨文化交流温情与时代感的应用文，介绍了一个由国际青年友谊俱乐部（IYFC）主办的“全球笔友交流项目（Global Pen Pal Program）”，旨在匹配全球超过60个国家的高中生，通过传统信件或安全电子邮件进行语言学习、文化分享和建立长久跨国友谊。 21. 细节理解题。题干问：“Global Pen Pal Program的最主要目的是什么？” 根据第一段最后一句“The International Youth Friendship Club (IYFC) invites you to join our Global Pen Pal Program！”以及前文“build a friendship that lasts forever, even across oceans”和“match high school students from over 60 different countries”可知，该项目的核心意图是连接来自不同国家的高中生，建立跨国友谊。故选B。 22. 细节理解题。根据 What is the Global Pen Pal Program? 段落中明确提到：“We match high school students from over 60 different countries based on shared interests, age, and language learning goals (我们基于共同的兴趣、年龄以及语言学习目标来匹配来自60多个不同国家的高中生)”可知，匹配的依据是共同兴趣、年龄和语言目标。故选C。 23. 细节理解与限制条件比对题。根据 How to Apply（如何申请）中的四条关键步骤，第3条为“Pay a one-time registration fee of $15 (支付一次性的注册费15美元)”，排除了C选项中的 monthly fee（每月费用）；第4条为“Submit your application before October 31st (在10月31日之前提交申请)”，对应了B选项中的“在10月底前提交申请”。故选B。 B The street was almost empty on that cold, windy night in New York. A police officer was walking his beat, checking doors to make sure they were locked. Suddenly, he saw a man standing in the dark doorway of a closed hardware store. As the officer walked toward him, the man spoke up quickly. "It's all right, officer," he said. "I'm just waiting for a friend. It's an appointment we made exactly twenty years ago." The man struck a match and lit his cigar. The light showed a pale face with a small white scar near his right eye. He explained that twenty years ago tonight, he had dinner with his best friend, Jimmy Wells, at a restaurant right here on this spot. "We agreed that no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come, we would meet here again," the man said proudly. "I moved to the West and made a fortune. Jimmy stayed in New York. He was a good fellow, but a bit slow. I know he will come if he is alive." The officer listened patiently, asked a few questions, and then walked away, wishing the man luck. About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long coat hurried across the street. "Is that you, Bob?" he asked doubtfully. "Is that you, Jimmy Wells?" cried the man in the doorway. They grasped hands. The tall man suggested they go to a place he knew to have a long talk. As they walked to a corner with bright streetlights, Bob suddenly stopped and let go of the other man's arm. "You're not Jimmy Wells," he said sharply. "Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change a man's nose from a Roman to a pug." "It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one," said the tall man. "You've been under arrest for ten minutes, 'Silky' Bob. The Chicago police want you. Before we go to the station, here's a note from Patrolman Wells." Bob opened the note. His hand began to shake. It read: "Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar, I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. Somehow I couldn't do it myself, so I went around and got a plainclothes policeman to do the job. — Jimmy." 24. Why was Bob standing in the dark doorway? A. He was hiding from the police. B. He was planning to rob the hardware store. C. He was waiting to meet his friend Jimmy. D. He was trying to keep warm on a cold night. 25. How did Jimmy know that Bob was a wanted criminal? A. The tall man told him. B. He recognized Bob's face when Bob lit his cigar. C. He saw the white scar near Bob's eye on a poster. D. Bob confessed his crimes to him in the doorway. 26. Why did Jimmy send another policeman to arrest Bob? A. He was too cowardly to arrest a criminal. B. He didn't have his police equipment with him. C. He wanted to give Bob a chance to escape. D. He couldn't bear to arrest his old friend himself. 27. What theme is best reflected in this story? A. The conflict between duty and friendship. B. The importance of keeping appointments. C. The danger of wandering on the street at night. D. The process of becoming a wealthy man in the West. 【答案详解】 • B篇（记叙文：致敬《二十年后》的跨越时光赴约与友谊考验） 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 【导语】本文是一篇改编自世界文学大师欧·亨利经典短篇小说《二十年后》（After Twenty Years）的记叙文。讲述了二十年前的挚友 Bob 和 Jimmy Wells 约定二十年后在纽约原餐馆旧址重逢。Bob 在西方发了财但沦为芝加哥警方通缉的要犯，他如期赴约；已成为纽约巡警的 Jimmy Wells 同样准时到达，但在 Bob 擦火柴点烟的瞬间认出了其通缉犯的面孔。出于旧情，Jimmy 无法亲手逮捕挚友，于是委派了一名便衣警察前去执行，并留下一封饱含深情与痛楚的便条。小说情节张力巨大，结局反转极具震撼力，对标本单元关于“友谊的道德界限、法律职责与个人情感冲突”的深层思辨，极富教育意义。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段中 Bob 面对走过来的巡警主动解释：“I'm just waiting for a friend. It's an appointment we made exactly twenty years ago (我只是在等一个朋友，这是我们整整二十年前作出的约定)”可知，Bob 站在漆黑的店铺门洞里，是为了如期赴约等待他的挚友 Jimmy。故选C。 25. 细节理解与因果推导题。根据故事结尾 Jimmy 给 Bob 的便条：“Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar, I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago (鲍勃：我按时到了约定地点。当你擦亮火柴点燃雪茄时，我看到了那张在芝加哥被通缉的脸)”可知，Jimmy 是在 Bob 擦火柴点烟的火光中认出他的。故选B。 26. 推理判断与心理动机分析。根据便条最后 Jimmy Wells 的痛苦陈述：“Somehow I couldn't do it myself, so I went around and got a plainclothes policeman to do the job (不知怎的，我自己无法亲自动手，所以我走开找了个便衣警察来执行任务)”可知，Jimmy 既要履行维护法律正义的警察天职，又深深珍惜二十年前的挚友情谊，在情感备受折磨下，他“不忍心亲手逮捕自己的昔日挚友”，只能委派他人。这完美对应了 D 项。故选D。 27. 主旨大意与批判性思维题。通读全篇，整篇故事的核心冲突在于：Jimmy Wells 作为一名捍卫正义的警官（Police Officer），在面对职责（Duty）和对他最好的朋友、通缉犯 Bob 的私人友谊（Friendship）时，面临了极其痛苦的抉择。他准时赴约证明了友谊，他委派别人逮捕证明了对职责和正义的坚守，这是文学上关于“职责与友谊之间的道德冲突”的经典探讨。A项“The conflict between duty and friendship（职责与友谊的冲突）”为全篇最佳主旨。故选A。 C We all know that having friends is important for our happiness, but have you ever wondered how many friends you can actually have? If you look at your social media accounts, you might have hundreds or even thousands of "friends." However, science suggests that the true number of meaningful relationships a human can maintain is much smaller. This concept is known as "Dunbar's number." In the 1990s, British anthropologist Robin Dunbar studied the brain sizes of various primates (灵长类动物) and compared them to the sizes of their social groups. He discovered a correlation: the larger the neocortex (the part of the brain responsible for conscious thought and language), the larger the social group the animal could manage. When Dunbar applied this formula to human brains, he came up with a specific number: 150. According to his research, 150 is the cognitive limit to the number of people with whom we can maintain stable social relationships—relationships in which you know who each person is and how every person relates to every other person. Dunbar further divided this number into circles of intimacy. At the center are your closest friends and family, usually about 5 people. The next circle contains about 15 good friends—the people you would invite to a small dinner party. The circle extends to 50 friends, and finally to the limit of 150 casual friends. Maintaining these relationships requires a significant investment of time and emotional energy. Our brains simply do not have the capacity to care deeply about a thousand people. While modern technology allows us to connect with people all over the globe, it hasn't changed the biological limits of our brains. So, the next time you feel bad about not having 500 friends, remember Dunbar's number. It's perfectly natural, and scientifically proven, that quality is far more important than quantity when it comes to friendship. 28. How did Robin Dunbar determine the number 150? A. By interviewing thousands of active social media users. B. By calculating the time people spend with their friends. C. By studying the relationship between brain size and social group size. D. By analyzing the average number of guests at human weddings. 29. What does "stable social relationships" mean in the context of Dunbar's number? A. Relationships where people lend money to each other. B. Relationships where you know everyone's identity and connections. C. Relationships that last for more than twenty years. D. Relationships formed exclusively in the workplace. 30. According to Dunbar's circles of intimacy, how many "good friends" does a person typically have? A. 5 B. 15 C. 50 D. 150 31. What is the main message the author wants to convey? A. Social media is destroying human brains. B. We should try our best to make at least 150 friends. C. Human brain evolution has stopped in the modern age. D. True friendship is limited by our cognitive capacity, emphasizing quality. 【答案详解】 • C篇（说明文：“邓巴数”与友谊的科学，人类社交的认知极限） 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 【导语】本文是一篇极富科普思辨价值的科学说明文。引介了著名的人类学与心理学概念——“邓巴数（Dunbar's number）”。英国人类学家罗宾·邓巴通过研究灵长类动物大脑新皮层（neocortex）大小与社交群体规模的比例，推导出人类能够维持稳定社交关系的最大生物极限为“150人”，并将其细分为亲密层、好友层和泛泛之交层。文章深刻阐明：尽管数字科技极速扩张，但人类大脑新皮层尺寸没有变，维持深厚感情需要时间和情感能量的持续投入，友谊的质量远胜于数量。完美对齐 Unit 4 “友谊科学”的大纲主题。 28. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“British anthropologist Robin Dunbar studied the brain sizes of various primates and compared them to the sizes of their social groups... correlation... larger neocortex, larger social group”可知，罗宾·邓巴是通过跨物种研究“大脑尺寸（尤其是新皮层大小）与社交群体规模之间的相关性比例”，并将其应用到人类身上而推导出来的。故选C。 29. 词义猜测与概念理解。根据第三段对 stable social relationships 的后置定语同位语解释：“relationships in which you know who each person is and how every person relates to every other person (在这些关系中，你清楚地知道每一个人是谁，以及每一个人跟其他所有人之间的社会关系是怎样的)”可知，这代表了极高的社交辨识和关系脉络清晰度，即对应 B 项。故选B。 30. 细节理解与数据比对。根据第四段对 intimacy circles（亲密圈）的划分，最中心是至亲好友（通常约5人），‘The next circle contains about 15 good friends—the people you would invite to a small dinner party’（下一层包含大约15个好朋友——你会邀请他们来参加小型晚餐派对的人）。因此“好朋友（good friends）”这一层的人数典型数值是 15。故选B。 31. 标题大意与核心思想提炼。通读全文并结合最后一段的终极落脚点：“Our brains simply do not have the capacity to care deeply about a thousand people... quality is far more important than quantity when it comes to friendship (我们的大脑根本没有精力去深切关怀一千个人……在友谊中，质量远比数量更重要)”可知，作者核心想要传达的声音是：人类社交受生物认知极限限制，因此在交友中应该重质不重量。D项“True friendship is limited by our cognitive capacity, emphasizing quality（真正的友谊受限于我们的认知能力，强调质量胜于数量）”完美切合。故选D。 D In the digital age, the definition of friendship has undergone a radical transformation. With a simple click, we can "friend" someone on Facebook, "follow" them on Instagram, or maintain a "streak" on Snapchat. We are more connected than any previous generation in history. Yet, paradoxically, studies show that young adults today report feeling more isolated and lonelier than ever before. The problem lies in the illusion of connection that social media provides. When we like a friend's photo or send a quick emoji, our brains receive a tiny hit of dopamine (多巴胺), making us feel momentarily socially satisfied. However, this shallow interaction lacks the depth and emotional resonance of face-to-face communication. True friendship—the kind that lasts forever—is forged through shared experiences, vulnerability, and physical presence. It involves sitting with a friend when they are crying, reading their body language, and hearing the tone of their voice. It requires patience and the willingness to navigate misunderstandings. Digital interactions, which are often carefully curated and filtered, hide the messy reality of human emotions. You might know what your online friend had for breakfast, but do you know what keeps them awake at night? Furthermore, the public nature of digital friendship often turns relationships into a performance. We measure the value of a friendship by the number of likes a shared photo receives, rather than the private support exchanged. This creates a culture of comparison and anxiety, where teenagers fear missing out (FOMO) if they aren't constantly online. To build friendships that truly matter, we must consciously step away from our screens. We need to prioritize spending time together in the physical world. A two-hour coffee chat with one close friend is far more nourishing to the human soul than exchanging brief messages with fifty acquaintances online. 32. What paradox regarding the digital age is mentioned in the first paragraph? A. People have more friends online but spend less time on screens. B. Technology is advancing rapidly, but human intelligence is declining. C. We are highly connected digitally, yet people feel more isolated and lonely. D. Social media is free, but it costs a lot of emotional energy. 33. Why is interacting on social media described as an "illusion of connection"? A. Because the accounts we follow are often fake. B. Because it gives a temporary feeling of satisfaction without emotional depth. C. Because people often lie about their real names online. D. Because the internet connection can be unstable. 34. How does the public nature of digital friendship affect teenagers? A. It makes them more confident in public speaking. B. It encourages them to share their deepest secrets. C. It helps them build stronger real-life relationships. D. It turns friendship into a performance and causes anxiety. 35. What is the author's attitude towards building true friendships? A. We should completely abandon all social media platforms. B. We should value face-to-face interactions over digital communication. C. We should try to have as many online followers as possible. D. We should measure friendship by the frequency of sending messages. 【答案详解】 • D篇（议论文：数字化时代的友谊，社交媒体是否削弱了真朋友） 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B 【导语】本文是一篇极具思想广度与现实反思的社会学议论文。探讨了数字化时代下友谊概念的“变质”与“表演化”现象。虽然社交媒体（Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat）让我们达成了人类史上前所未有的“高频连接”，但极具讽刺意味（paradoxically）的是，当今年轻人的孤独感与隔绝感却达到了历史峰值。作者一针见血地指出，社交媒体的“点赞”和“表情包”只能带来大脑多巴胺的瞬间刺激（即连接幻觉/illusion of connection），无法代替面对面交流的温情、脆弱分享以及物理在场，呼吁大家放下屏幕，回归到物理世界真实的双人咖啡交谈中。高度契合 Unit 4 的数字友谊反思大纲。 32. 细节理解与逻辑辨析。根据第一段“We are more connected than any previous generation in history. Yet, paradoxically, studies show that young adults today report feeling more isolated and lonelier than ever before”可知，数字化时代的巨大悖论在于：我们在数字上达成了前所未有的紧密相连（high-tech connected），但在心智和现实中却感到空前的隔绝和孤独（isolated and lonely）。故选C。 33. 推理判断与因果剖析。根据第二段中“When we like a friend's photo... our brains receive a tiny hit of dopamine, making us feel momentarily socially satisfied. However, this shallow interaction lacks the depth and emotional resonance...”可知，社交媒体的互动之所以被称作“连接幻觉（illusion）”，是因为它只能带来短暂的多巴胺瞬间满足，却由于缺乏真正的现实在场和情感共鸣，导致其本质极其浅薄。故选B。 34. 细节理解与社会危害分析。根据第四段中作者的批判：“turns relationships into a performance... We measure the value of a friendship by the number of likes... This creates a culture of comparison and anxiety”可知，数字友谊的“公共表演性”会让青少年开始过度比较点赞数，将私密的陪伴异化为公开的攀比，从而产生严重的社交焦虑。这完美对应了 D 项。故选D。 35. 探究作者态度与写作意图。通读全文，特别是最后一段的行动呼吁：“To build friendships that truly matter, we must consciously step away from our screens. We need to prioritize spending time together in the physical world... chat with one close friend is far more nourishing”可知，作者对数字社交媒体的态度并非极端地全盘否定或取缔，而是理性地提倡“应当把面对面的、物理世界的真实接触和互动置于数字交流之上”，重塑灵魂的滋养。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Maintain a Long-Distance Friendship When high school ends or families move, close friends are often separated by geography. It can be heartbreaking to say goodbye to a best friend. ___36___ With a little effort and creativity, a long-distance friendship can remain just as strong, if not stronger. Schedule regular catch-ups. Life gets busy, and if you don't plan, weeks can go by without talking. ___37___ Treat this appointment just like a doctor's visit or a sports practice—don't cancel unless it's an absolute emergency. Hearing each other's voices or seeing each other on a video call is much better than just texting. Share the small stuff. When you don't see someone every day, it's easy to think you only need to share big news, like passing a major exam or winning an award. ___38___ Send them a picture of a funny dog you saw on the street, or text them a song you've been listening to. These little moments make you feel like you are still part of each other's daily lives. ___39___ Nothing beats the excitement of receiving real mail. Taking the time to write a handwritten letter, pick out a postcard, or send a small care package shows your friend that you really care. It’s a physical reminder of your friendship that they can keep on their desk. Accept that things will change. You are both going to grow, meet new people, and develop new interests. That is a normal part of life. ___40___ Instead of being jealous of their new local friends, be happy for them. True friends support each other's growth, no matter how many miles apart they are. A. Send surprise packages or letters. B. Therefore, many friendships naturally end after graduation. C. Set a specific time each week or month for a phone or video call. D. But physical distance doesn't have to mean the end of a friendship. E. However, sharing the boring, everyday details is what keeps the bond tight. F. Don't expect your friendship to look exactly the same as it did back home. G. Always expect your friend to reply to your messages immediately. 【答案详解】 • 本篇七选五：如何在高中阶段维持异地友谊 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. E 39. A 40. F 【导语】本文是一篇针对“高中毕业或搬家后，如何利用行动和情商来用心维持和呵护异地友谊（Long-distance friendship）”的学法与生活技能指导说明文。文章结构极其清晰，提出了定期联系、共享琐事、寄送惊喜、欣然接纳变动等四大黄金原则。对标 Using Language 功能目标，具有极高的逻辑衔接和词汇复现考查价值。 36. 选D。本空作为第一段段尾的承上启下句。空前提到“当高中结束或家庭搬迁，好朋友往往天各一方。与最好的朋友说再见会令人心碎（heartbreaking to say goodbye）”；空后指出“只要付出一点努力和创造力，异地友谊也能同样深厚”。因此，空处必须填入一个起到转折和过渡作用的句子。D项中的“But physical distance doesn't have to mean the end of a friendship (但物理距离并不一定意味着友谊的终结)”完美实现了这一让步和转折，且 distance 与后文 long-distance friendship 形成完美的词汇链复现。故选D。 37. 选C。本空为细节支撑/行动建议。空处所在的小标题为“Schedule regular catch-ups (安排规律的会面/交流)”。空前提到“生活会变得忙碌，如果你不提前计划，几周过去你们都不会说上一句话”；空后指出“要把这个预约像看医生或体育训练一样对待——除非极度紧急，否则不要取消”。由此可见，空处必须填入一个关于“具体如何进行时间规划、制定预约联系”的实操建议。C项“Set a specific time each week or month for a phone or video call (每周或每月固定一个具体时间进行电话或视频通话)”完美细化了“Schedule regular catch-ups”，并且与后文的 appointment（预约）形成了天衣无缝的逻辑呼合。故选C。 38. 选E。本空为逻辑转折与细节递进。本段标题为“Share the small stuff (分享生活里的琐碎小事)”。空前指出“当你不是每天都见到对方时，很容易认为自己只需要分享像通过大考、获奖这样的大新闻”；空后论述“给他们发一张你在街上看到的搞笑小狗照片，或发一首你最近听的歌。这些微小的瞬间让你感到依然是对方日常生活的一部分”。由此可见，空处必须起到转折作用，说明“其实日常生活里的琐碎平凡细节才最能维系感情纽带”。E项“However, sharing the boring, everyday details is what keeps the bond tight (然而，分享那些枯燥、日常的细节才是让纽带紧密相连的关键)”完美地用 However 进行了逻辑转折，且 everyday details 完美承接了前文的 big news 的对立面，并无缝开启了后文小狗和歌曲等 small stuff 实例。故选E。 39. 选A。本空为小标题概括题。空下段落内容明确指出：“Nothing beats the excitement of receiving real mail... write a handwritten letter, pick out a postcard, or send a small care package... (没有什么比收到一封真正的信件更兴奋了……花时间写一封手写信、挑选明信片或寄送小礼包……)”可见，整个段落的核心关键词是 letter（信件）、postcard（明信片）、package（包裹），即利用手写和物理邮寄的温度来表达关怀。A项“Send surprise packages or letters (寄送惊喜包裹或信件)”格式为标准的祈使句，且完美囊括了段落三大核心词，作为标题高度概括。故选A。 40. 选F。本空为代词指代与上下文呼应。空前指出“我们都会成长，遇见新的人，发展新的兴趣。这是人生的正常现象”；空后提到“不要去嫉妒他们在新地方结识的新朋友，要为他们感到开心”。这说明我们需要接受“高中异地友谊的相处模式会发生自然改变，不能强求一成不变”。F项“Don't expect your friendship to look exactly the same as it did back home (不要奢望你们现在的友谊相处模式会和以前在家里时一模一样)”中的 did back home 完美指代了高中的过去，并与前文 change 呼应，开启了后文对于“不要嫉妒新朋友（new local friends）”的心态调整呼吁。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Moving to a new city in the middle of high school was my worst nightmare. On my first day at Lincoln High, I felt like an alien. Everyone already had their own ___41___ groups. As the lunch bell rang, the panic set in. I walked into the crowded cafeteria, clutching my food, searching for an empty ___42___. Every table was full of kids laughing and sharing inside jokes. I kept my head down, feeling completely ___43___. Just as I was about to give up and eat in the restroom, I heard a ___44___. "Hey! Do you want to sit here?" I looked up to see a girl with curly hair waving at me. Her name was Chloe. I walked over, ___45___ saying thank you. She introduced me to her friends and asked about my old school. She didn't treat me like a ___46___; she treated me like someone worth knowing. Over the next few months, Chloe and I became ___47___. We studied together, watched movies, and shared our deepest secrets. But the true ___48___ of our friendship came during the winter term. I failed my math midterm and felt entirely defeated. I wanted to ___49___ the advanced class. Chloe didn't let me give up. Every afternoon, instead of going to basketball practice, she ___50___ in the library with me. She patiently explained the complex formulas until I finally ___51___ them. She never made me feel stupid. When the final exam results came out, I got an A. I ran to Chloe and hugged her tightly. "I couldn't have done it ___52___ you," I said, tears in my eyes. "That's what ___53___ are for," she smiled warmly. Looking back, I realize that true friendship isn't about grand gestures. It starts with something as ___54___ as offering a seat in a crowded cafeteria, and it grows by showing up when things get ___55___. 41. A. study B. friend C. family D. travel 42. A. seat B. plate C. classroom D. book 43. A. excited B. angry C. invisible D. curious 44. A. song B. warning C. joke D. voice 45. A. nervously B. proudly C. rudely D. casually 46. A. star B. teacher C. stranger D. criminal 47. A. competitors B. strangers C. classmates D. inseparable 48. A. test B. beginning C. end D. price 49. A. join B. quit C. teach D. pass 50. A. slept B. played C. stayed D. ate 51. A. forgot B. understood C. hated D. wrote 52. A. without B. with C. behind D. before 53. A. teachers B. parents C. friends D. doctors 54. A. simple B. difficult C. expensive D. dangerous 55. A. easy B. hard C. fun D. boring 本篇完形填空：新转学初期的孤独、陪伴与温情解封 【语篇大意】本文讲述了主人公在中途转学到新高中（Lincoln High）的初期，感到自己像个格格不入的“外星人”，面对已经形成了固定朋友圈（friend groups）的同学们感到无比孤独和难堪，甚至想要躲在洗手间吃午饭。就在极度无助的关头，善良温和的女孩 Chloe 主动向她伸出援手、提供座位。此后，两个女孩成为了形影不离（inseparable）的挚友。在主人公冬季期末数学面临挂科、极度受挫想放弃高级班时，Chloe 甚至牺牲了自己的篮球训练时间，在图书馆里耐心辅导、倾情相助，帮助主人公最终斩获了A的佳绩。主人公流着泪感激：没有你我绝对办不到。Chloe 笑着回答：“这就是朋友的意义。” 这段真挚而纯粹的经历让作者深刻领悟到：真正的友谊不需要轰轰烈烈的宏大动作，它始于拥挤食堂里一句简单的“你愿意坐这儿吗”，并盛开于当逆境来临时，彼此毫不犹豫的挺身而出。完美对齐 Unit 4 “Friends forever” 患难见真情的主题语境。 • 41. B (friend)：考查名词。根据语境，新来的人总觉得‘Everyone already had their own friend groups’（每个人都已经有了他们自己的‘朋友群/朋友圈’），这与转学新人的孤立无助形成对比。A. study 学习；B. friend 朋友；C. family 家庭；D. travel 旅游。friend groups 属于固定搭配，表示朋友圈，故选B。 • 42. A (seat)：考查名词。主人公端着午餐盘，在拥挤的食堂里寻找一个空‘座位’（searching for an empty seat）。A. seat 座位；B. plate 盘子；C. classroom 教室；D. book 书。后文 Chloe 给她让座呼应，故选A。 • 43. C (invisible)：考查形容词。主人公低着头，感觉自己完全被大家‘忽视/隐形了’（feeling completely invisible）。A. excited 兴奋的；B. angry 生气的；C. invisible 隐形的/被忽视的；D. curious 好奇的。新人感到孤独，觉得在欢声笑语的食堂里自己像个隐形人，故选C。 • 44. D (voice)：考查名词。就在他绝望想去洗手间吃饭时，听见了一个‘声音’（heard a voice），发出善意的邀请。A. song 歌声；B. warning 警告；C. joke 玩笑；D. voice 声音（指人的说话声）。故选D。 • 45. A (nervously)：考查副词。作为一个内向、窘迫的新人，主人公红着脸走过去，‘局促/紧张地’（nervously）说了声谢谢。A. nervously 紧张地/局促地；B. proudly 骄傲地；C. rudely 粗鲁地；D. casually 随意地。nervously 完美刻画了新人在受到善意关注时的局促羞涩。故选A。 • 46. C (stranger)：考查名词。Chloe 极其温柔友好，‘She didn't treat me like a stranger’（她没有把我当作一个陌生人，而是当作一个值得结交的人）。A. star 明星；B. teacher 老师；C. stranger 陌生人；D. criminal 罪犯。c. stranger 最契合语境，故选C。 • 47. D (inseparable)：考查形容词。接下来的几个月里，两个女孩天天在一起学习、看电影，成为了‘形影不离的’（became inseparable）好闺蜜。A. competitors 竞争对手；B. strangers 陌生人；C. classmates 同班同学；D. inseparable 形影不离的/不可分割的。inseparable 完美形容好朋友关系亲密无间，故选D。 • 48. A (test)：考查名词。但是，我们友谊真正的‘考验’（the true test of our friendship）在冬季学期来临了。A. test 考验/测试；B. beginning 开始；C. end 结束；D. price 代价。the test of friendship 属于固定搭配，指友谊的试金石，故选A。 • 49. B (quit)：考查动词。主人公数学挂科感到极度挫败，想要‘退出’（quit）高级数学班。A. join 加入；B. quit 退出；C. teach 教学；D. pass 通过。failed math and felt defeated 决定逃避、退出，故选B。 • 50. C (stayed)：考查动词。Chloe 没有让主人公放弃，她牺牲了自己打篮球训练的时间，‘在图书馆里陪我呆着/留下来’（stayed in the library with me）辅导。A. slept 睡觉；B. played 玩耍；C. stayed 留下来/呆在；D. ate 吃饭。stayed in the library 表达了默默陪伴辅导的温暖。故选C。 • 51. B (understood)：考查动词。Chloe 耐心地解释那些复杂的公式，‘until I finally understood them’（直到我最终彻底弄懂、理解了它们）。A. forgot 忘记；B. understood 理解/弄懂；C. hated 讨厌；D. wrote 书写。understood them 呼应前文的 explained formulas。故选B。 • 52. A (without)：考查介词。主人公激动地流下眼泪说：‘没有（without）你我绝对不可能拿到A’。A. without 没有/无；B. with 伴随；C. behind 在……后面；D. before 在……之前。without you（没有你）表达了深切的感激。故选A。 • 53. C (friends)：考查名词。Chloe 温柔微笑着点明主旨：‘That's what friends are for’（这正是‘朋友’的真正意义，朋友就是用来互相支持的）。A. teachers 老师；B. parents 父母；C. friends 朋友；D. doctors 医生。friends 完美点题，故选C。 • 54. A (simple)：考查形容词。真正的友谊起始于‘像在拥挤食堂里主动提供一个座位这样极其简单’（something as simple as offering a seat）的小动作。A. simple 简单的；B. difficult 困难的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. dangerous 危险的。simple 对应后文的 grand gestures（宏大张扬的动作），表达大爱无声。故选A。 • 55. B (hard)：考查形容词。并在‘当事情变得艰凉、困难时，彼此义无反顾挺身而出’（showing up when things get hard）中不断升华。A. easy 容易的；B. hard 艰难的/困难的；C. fun 有趣的；D. boring 枯燥的。stretching hand in times of trouble 对应 hard times（逆境/困难），故选B。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know that there is a special day dedicated to friendship? International Day of Friendship is celebrated globally on July 30th. The idea ___56___ (propose) by the United Nations in 2011 with the goal of promoting peace and understanding between different cultures. The UN believes that friendship between peoples, countries, cultures, and individuals can inspire peace efforts and build bridges between communities. By bringing people together, we can work ___57___ (solve) global challenges like poverty and violence. The celebration of friendship takes many ___58___ (form) around the world. In some countries, people exchange small gifts or friendship bands, ___59___ (symbolize) their unbreakable bond. In other places, communities hold festivals ___60___ people from different backgrounds can share food and music. However, celebrating friendship is not just about one single day in a year. True friendship requires continuous effort ___61___ care. It is about being there for someone in times of need, listening without judgment, and ___62___ (forgive) each other's mistakes. In a world that can sometimes feel divided, friendship is a powerful force. It reminds us that despite our differences, we are all connected. As an old saying goes, "A true friend is one who walks in ___63___ the rest of the world walks out." Let us cherish our friends ___64___ (deep) and strive to be good friends to others, for friendship is truly one of the greatest ___65___ (gift) in life. 【答案详解】 【语篇解读】：国际友谊日的历史起源与核心内涵 【名师点对点语法解构】 • 56. was proposed 【解析】 考查谓语动词的时态与语态。主语为 The idea（想法），与动词 propose（提议/提出）之间为被动关系；且后文有时间状语“in 2011（在2011年）”，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was proposed。 • 57. to solve 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。work behind or work to do something 属于固定句型，不定式短语在句中作目的状语（努力去解决全球性贫穷与暴力挑战）。故填 to solve。 • 58. forms 【解析】 考查名词复数。前面有代词 many（许多）修饰，名词 form（形式）必须使用复数形式。故填 forms。 • 59. symbolizing 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一些国家，人们交换小礼物或友谊手环，象征着他们坚不可摧的纽带。名词短语 small gifts or friendship bands 与动词 symbolize（象征）之间为主动关系，且在句中作伴随状语，因此使用现在分词形式。故填 symbolizing。 • 60. where 【解析】 考查定语从句。引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词 festivals（节日，表示地点和特定活动场合），关系词在从句中充当地点状语（in these festivals, people can share...），因此使用关系副词 where。故填 where。 • 61. and 【解析】 考查并列连词。连接两个并列的抽象名词 effort（努力）与 care（关怀），二者构成对称并列结构，表示“持续的努力与关怀”。故填 and。 • 62. forgiving 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句中 is about 后面连接了三个并列的宾语成分，即：being there...（在场陪伴）、listening without judgment...（无判倾听）以及 ______ each other's mistakes（宽恕彼此的错误）。三者由并列连词 and 连接，在结构上必须全部保持动名词 -ing 形式对称。故填 forgiving。 • 63. when 【解析】 考查时间状语从句。句意：真正的朋友就是那个当全世界都离你而去时，他却向你走来的人。when 引导时间状语从句，表达“在……时候”。故填 when。 • 64. deeply 【解析】 考查副词。修饰及物动词 cherish（珍惜），必须将形容词 deep 转换为副词形式 deeply。故填 deeply。 • 65. gifts 【解析】 考查名词复数。句中考查了高中英语极其高频的“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”这一经典句法结构（世界上最伟大的‘礼物之一’），因此名词 gift 必须使用复数形式。故填 gifts。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办主题为“What makes a true friend”的英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 真朋友应具备的品质（如：忠诚、诚实、乐于助人等）； 2. 结合你的经历举例说明； 3. 呼吁大家珍惜友谊。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! I am honored to stand here and share my thoughts on "What makes a true friend." ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening! 写作板块【满分范文示范与亮点剖析】 第一节 应用文写作 (高一英语社团演讲稿：What makes a true friend) 👑 高分演讲稿范文示范 (125词版)： Hello, everyone! I am honored to stand here and share my thoughts on "What makes a true friend." True friendship is one of the most precious gifts in life. In my view, a true friend is someone who stands by your side with unwavering loyalty and complete honesty. They are not only there to share your laughter but also to support you when you are going through hard times. I once failed a critical exam and felt entirely defeated. It was my best friend who stayed with me every afternoon, patiently helping me review the formulas. Her encouragement turned my nightmare into a beautiful journey of growth. This experience made me realize that a true friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out. Let us cherish our friends deeply and strive to be a good friend to others. Thank you for listening! 💎 高阶教研词汇卡： unwavering loyalty (坚定不移的忠诚) precious gifts (宝贵的礼物) completely defeated (彻底受挫/感到失败) review formulas (温习公式) nightmare (噩梦) journey of growth (成长旅程) cherish deeply (深深珍惜) strive to be (努力成为) 👑 满分作词亮点与高级句法升格点睛： ① [强调句型 It was ... who/that ..]: "It was my best friend who stayed with me every afternoon..." -> 完美运用了高考第一档次作文最青睐的强调句型，将温情叙事聚焦到好朋友身上，句式的高级感和冲击力极其强悍！ ② [并列递进结构 Not only ... but also ..]: "They are not only there to share your laughter but also to support you..." -> 用对称并列句表达好朋友甘苦与共、荣辱并肩，逻辑极具说服力，直接拉高作分档次。 ③ [高分经典名言化用点题]: "...a true friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out." -> 巧妙而极其自然地将语法填空中的经典名言融入演讲稿中，不仅首尾呼应，更展现了非凡的文化意识与语言控制力。 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sarah and Mia had been best friends since kindergarten. They shared everything: secrets, clothes, and a passion for acting. This year, the school drama club announced that they would be performing Romeo and Juliet. Both girls eagerly auditioned (试镜) for the lead role of Juliet. They practiced their lines together for weeks, promising that no matter who got the part, they would be happy for each other. However, when the cast list was finally posted on the bulletin board, Sarah’s heart sank. Mia’s name was listed next to Juliet. Sarah was given a minor role as a servant. Mia hugged Sarah excitedly, shouting, "I can't believe I got it!" Sarah forced a smile and muttered a quick "Congratulations," but inside, a dark cloud of jealousy formed. Over the next month, as rehearsals began, the distance between them grew. Mia was always busy practicing with the main cast, while Sarah sat quietly in the back, feeling ignored. Sarah stopped waiting for Mia after school and avoided her phone calls. The promise they had made seemed completely forgotten. Finally, opening night arrived. The school auditorium was packed with parents and students. The lights dimmed, and the curtain went up. Mia stepped onto the stage, looking radiant in her costume. But as she began her first long speech, her mind suddenly went blank. She froze, staring at the audience in panic. The silence in the auditorium grew heavy. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: Standing backstage, Sarah saw the terror in Mia's eyes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the play was over, the audience erupted in loud applause. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作板块【满分范文示范与亮点剖析】 第二节 读后续写 (Sarah 和 Mia：话剧主角竞争与纯真友谊和解) 👑 高分读后续写满分范文 (170词版)： Paragraph 1: Standing backstage, Sarah saw the terror in Mia's eyes. The crushing silence in the auditorium seemed to stretch into eternity, and Sarah’s heart clenched with a sudden, overwhelming wave of sympathy that instantly dissolved her months of jealousy. Without a second thought, she stepped closer to the edge of the curtain, took a deep breath, and whispered the forgotten opening line in a voice that was soft yet clear enough for Mia to hear. Upon hearing Sarah's familiar voice, Mia's trembling shoulders relaxed, and a rush of relief washed over her pale face. Like a spark igniting a flame, her memory returned, and she smoothly delivered her lines, her voice once again radiant and filled with genuine emotion. Backstage, Sarah smiled through her tears, realizing that her friend's success mattered far more than her own pride. Paragraph 2: When the play was over, the audience erupted in loud applause. The heavy curtains closed, and the cast bowed repeatedly under the brilliant stage lights. As soon as they walked off the stage, Mia burst into tears, ran straight to Sarah, and pulled her into a warm, tight hug. 'I couldn't have done it without you, Sarah,' she sobbed, her voice trembling with gratitude. Sarah held her closely, rubbing her back gently as the thick ice of jealousy and silence that had estranged them for weeks melted away under the warmth of their embrace. In that quiet backstage room, they realized that while roles on stage are temporary, their unbreakable bond of friendship was a treasure that would last forever. They smiled at each other, ready to face any future challenges together, hand in hand. 💎 微观动作表情与感官心理描写链： • 心理与生理：crushing silence stretched... heart clenched with sympathy (压抑的寂静拉长，心脏因同情而紧缩，表现出极度关切与心理冰解的转折) cheeks burning (羞愧) trembling shoulders relaxed (颤抖的肩膀放松)。 • 视觉与比喻：Like a spark igniting a flame, her memory returned... (像火星点燃火焰一般，记忆苏醒，比喻生动极富文学色彩)。 • 情感破冰象征：the thick ice of jealousy and silence that had estranged them for weeks melted away under the warmth of their embrace (用‘冰雪在拥抱温度中消融’这一饱含文学象征的手法，完美对应了 Friends forever 代际沟通和同伴和解的情感升华)。 👑阅卷亮点剖析： ① [动作链与电影镜头感 (Cinema-like Coherence)]: 续写第一段中，Sarah 在后台的一连串动作描写极具镜头感：‘saw the terror’ -> ‘stepped closer’ -> ‘took a deep breath’ -> ‘whispered the lines’，动作连贯，没有任何传统模板的堆砌痕迹。 ② [主客观无缝咬合点题 (Perfect Alignment with Blueprint)]: 第一段尾句中‘her friend's success mattered far more than her own pride’巧妙点题并呼应了教材中关于真友谊应当是‘无私与共同成长’的内涵。第二段通过‘roles on stage are temporary, while friendship lasts forever’这一金句，将‘Friends forever’这一单元主旨推向了殿堂级的高潮，极受高考23分+高分档阅卷老师的青睐。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $这是外研版高中英语必修一unit four friends forever单元测试卷听力录音部分。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。Did you finish reading the book about friendship? Yes, I did. I can lend IT to you. If you want to read IT tonight. that would be great. I have to return IT to the library next week, so make sure you finished by then. Did you finish reading the book about friendship? Yes, I did. I can lend IT to you. If you want to read IT tonight. that would be great. I have to return IT to the library next week, so make sure you finished by then. Are we still going hiking or having a picnic this saturday? mark? The weather forecast says it's going to rain heavily. What a pity. How about going to the cinema to watch a movie instead? Sounds like a great plan. Let's do that. Are we still going hiking or having a picnicked this saturday? mark? The weather forecast says it's going to rain heavily. What a pity. How about going to the cinema to watch a movie instead? Sounds like a great plan. Let's do that. I feel so bad, Lucy. I completely forgot that IT was David's birthday yesterday. I didn't even send him a text message. Don't worry, David is very understanding. Just call him and explain. I really should have been more careful. I feel so regretful. I feel so bad, Lucy. I completely forgot that IT was David's birthday yesterday. I didn't even send him a text message. Don't worry, David is very understanding. Just call him and explain. I really should have been more careful. I feel so regretful. Oh, my goodness, is that you, Sarah? I can't believe that we haven't seen each other since we graduated from high school five years ago. Yes, jack, what a small world. IT is so wonderful to run into you here. Oh, my goodness, is that you, Sarah? I can't believe IT we we haven't seen each other since we graduated from high school five . years ago. Yes, jack, what a small world. IT is so wonderful to run into you here. Hey, lily, i'm writing this a male to say i'm truly sorry for what I said during our argument yesterday. I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. It's okay, Peter. I appreciate your apology. Let's forget about IT and remain good friends. Hey, lily, i'm writing this email, il to say i'm truly sorry for what I said during our argument yesterday. I didn't mean to hurt your . feelings. It's okay, Peter. I appreciate your apology. Let's forget about IT and remain . good friends. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Hey, David john's birthday is coming up next wednesday. Are we going to organize a surprise party for him? absolutely. Sarah joan is our best friend. I was thinking we could host IT at the school gym, but it's too noisy. How about having a dinner party at a restaurant . that much Better? The new italian restaurant near our school is perfect. Let's invite all our . classmates. great. I will book a table. Hey, David john's birthday coming up next wednesday. Are we going to organize a surprise party for him? absolutely. Sarah john is our best friend. I was thinking we could host IT at the school gym, but it's too noisy. How about having a dinner party at a restaurant . that much Better? New italian restaurant near our school is perfect. Let's invite all . our classmates. great. I will book . a table. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。You are finally here, tom. The movie started twenty minutes ago. I've been standing in the cold waiting for you. I'm so angry. I am so sorry, Jenny. I really wanted to be on time, but my car suddenly broke down on my way here. I had to wait for the repair service, and I missed the bus too. Why didn't you call me earlier to let know my phones? Battery was dead. I'm so sorry. Well. let's agree a call or text each other immediately. If anything happens next time. definitely. Let's go inside. Now you are finally here, tom. The movie started twenty minutes ago. I've been standing in the cold waiting for you. I'm so angry. I am so sorry, Jenny. I really wanted to be on time, but my car suddenly broke down on my way here. I had to wait for the repair service, and I missed the bus too. Why didn't you call me earlier to let know my phones? Battery was dead. I'm so sorry. Well. let's agree a call or text each other immediately. If anything happens next time. definitely, let's go inside now. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。Look, Lucy, I have about one thousand friends on my social media account now. I get hundreds of likes every time I share a photo. That's interesting, jack. But how many of them do you actually know in real life? Well, maybe around fifty of them are classmates and the rest are online friends. To be honest. I think most of your online friends are just acquittance ces. They like your photos, but would they help you when you are in trouble? Probably not exactly true. Friendship isn't about numbers. IT requires us to invest real time and emotion. You're right, I should spend more time with my real life friends. Look, Lucy, I have about one thousand friends on my social media account now. I get hundreds of likes every time I share a photo. That's interesting, jack. But how many of them do you actually know in real life? Well, maybe around fifty of them are classmates and the rest are online friends. To be honest. I think most of your online friends are just acquittance ces. They like your photos, but would they help you when you are in trouble? Probably not exactly true. friend. Ship isn't about numbers. IT requires us to invest real time and emotion. You're right, I should spend more time with my real life friends. 听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。Good afternoon, listeners. Welcome to teenage world. Today, we are discussing teenage friendships with our school councillor, doctor Evans. Welcome, doctor Evans. Thank you. It's a pleasure to be here. Doctor events high school is a critical time for making friends, but it's also a time of many arguments. What is the most common reason friends argue during high school? Well, well, different hobby or money can cause problems. Our studies show that jealousy and competition, especially regarding grades or roles in school activities, are the most common triggers. How can teenagers resolve these . conflicts? The best way is to sit down and talk about your feelings honestly, don't hydra feelings or let parents intervene immediately. Direct sincere communication is key. Yes, absolutely. What about toxic friendships? What is a clear sign of that? A true friend supports you. If someone constantly criticizes you and makes you feel bad about yourself, that's a toxic relationship. You should step away. Good afternoon, listeners. Welcome to teenage world. Today, we are discussing teenage friendships with our school councillor, doctor Evans welcom. Doctor Evans. thank you. It's a pleasure to be here. Doctor Evans, high school is a critical time for making friends, but it's also a time of many arguments. What is the most common reason friends argue during high school? Well, well, different hobbies or money can cause problems. Our study show that jealousy and competition, especially regarding grades or roles in school activities, are the most common triggers. How can teenagers resolve these . conflicts? The best way is to sit down and talk about your feelings honestly, don't hide your feelings, or let parents intervene immediately. Direct sincere communication is key. Yes, absolutely. What about toxic friendships? What is a clear sign of that? A true friend supports you. If someone constantly criticize you and makes you feel bad about yourself, that's a toxic relationship. You should step away. 听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。Good morning, teachers, parents and fellow graduates standing here today at our graduation ceremony. I look back at our three years of high school. What I cherish most are the friendships we built. High school friendships are incredibly special. It's not just about going to the same classes or sharing lunch. IT is about growing up and facing chAllenges together, the late night night study sessions, the sports Victories and the shared tears as we step into the future and move to different universities. Some of us might lose touch, but I advise all of you to keep in touch with your old friends. Distance cannot destroy a bond that was forced in our youth. Thank you, and congratulations. Class of twenty twenty seven. Good morning, teachers, parents and fellow graduates standing here today at our graduation ceremony. I look back at our three years of high school. What I cherish most are the friendships we build. High school friendships are incredibly special. It's not just about going to the same classes or sharing lunch. IT is about growing up and facing chAllenges together, the late night study sessions, the sports Victories and the shared tears as we step into the future and move to different universities. Some of us might lose touch, but I advise all of you to keep in touch with your old friends. Distance cannot destroy a bond that was forged in our youth. Thank you, and congratulations. Class of twenty . twenty seven. 听力部分到此结束，现在你有两分钟时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。