Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元练习2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元练习 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、翻译 1．地震 __________ 2．幸存 ____________ 3．突发事件 ____________ 4．自然灾害 ____________ 5．恐惧 ____________ 6．使困住 ____________ 7．寂静的 ____________ 8．紧张的 ____________ 9．活着的 ____________ 10．力量；能量 ____________ 11．虚弱的 ____________ 12．声音 ____________ 13．激动的 ____________ 14．消防员 ____________ 15．闪电 ____________ 16．交通安全 ________________ 17．first-aid knowledge ________________ 18．消防安全 ________________ 19．prevent theft ________________ 20．地震安全 ________________ 21．be careful with ________________ 22．用电安全 ________________ 23．report suspicious behavior ________________ 24．急救工具包 ________________ 25．escape in a fire ________________ 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 26．The firemen are trying ________ (put) out the fire. 27．It’s important ________ (know) how to protect ourselves. 28．We should not ________ (play) with fire. 29．We learnt a lot about how to protect ourselves from ________ (dangerous). 30．You must look left and right before ________ (cross) the busy street. 31．If you see someone ________ (injure), call 120. 32．We must be careful with ________ (electric) to avoid shocks. 33．Don’t play with ________ (match) at home. 三、选词填空 terrible    include    harmful    hit    get rid of After a summer heat wave 34 our local river, the water level dropped and fish struggled to survive, which made our community 35 worried about the ecosystem. Scientists explained that pollution can do 36 to the food chain, so even small changes matter. Our class joined a cleanup day, 37 picking up plastic bags and bottles along the bank. We also talked about 38 single-use items at school, like extra cups and straws, to reduce trash before it reaches the water. Over time, fewer people littered, and more birds returned to the trees near the river. 四、阅读理解 Floods can cause a lot of damage. When a flood happens, water covers large areas. It can destroy houses, roads, and bridges. If you live in an area that is likely to flood, you should be prepared. Keep important things like documents and photos in a safe place. Have a supply of food, water, and first-aid kits. When a flood is coming, listen to the radio or TV for warnings. If you are told to evacuate, leave your home immediately. Take your important things with you. During a flood, stay away from floodwaters. They may be deeper and faster-moving than they look. Also, be careful of electrical wires that may be in the water. After the flood, check your home for damage. If there is damage, report it to the proper authorities. 39．What can floods cause? A．They can make the weather cold. B．They can destroy houses, roads, and bridges. C．They can make the sky clear. D．They can make people rich. 40．What should you do if you live in a flood-prone area? A．Do nothing. B．Keep important things in a safe place and have supplies. C．Move to another city. D．Throw away your important things. 41．What should you do when a flood is coming? A．Stay at home and wait. B．Listen to the radio or TV for warnings and evacuate if told to. C．Go swimming in the floodwaters. D．Play outside. 42．Why should you stay away from floodwaters during a flood? A．Because they are dirty. B．Because they may be deeper and faster-moving than they look. C．Because they are too cold. D．Because they are too hot. 43．What should you do after the flood? A．Check your home for damage and report it. B．Go on a trip. C．Buy new furniture. D．Ignore the damage. 五、任务型阅读 根据短文内容，完成以下任务。 If you have a pet, you know how much fun it can be: watching little fish swim in a tank, or seeing a dog catch a ball in its mouth. Kids who like outdoor activities can tell you how exciting it is to see their favorite birds. Animals can be great fun, ①________ it’s important to know how to avoid (避免) danger when you’re with them. · In the countryside The rule in the countryside is simple: don’t touch or go near an animal. Although some of these animals may look cool or even cute, leave them alone. Don’t ever try to feed a wild animal. It’s OK to feed birds, but you shouldn’t feed other animals②________ when they look very hungry. When it comes to these animals, it’s better to check them out at the zoo, on the Internet, on TV nature shows, or in books. · Playing safely with pets Pets can’t tell you if they’re upset or scared, so they show you. They might do this by biting or scratching (抓). To avoid bites and scratches, you should do as follows: Never touch a pet when it’s eating or sleeping. Never try to get near a pet with its babies. Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. When pulling a lizard (蜥蜴) or a snake from the tank, do it slowly and carefully. Then wash your hands right away because such animals can carry bacteria (细菌) on their skin. 44．在①、②处 分别填上适当的词，使句子通顺正确。 ① ② 45．把划线部分的句子译成中文。 46．在文中找出与所给句子意思相近的句子。 A mother animal will bite to protect her babies if you get too close. 47．回答问题: What should you do after touching a lizard or a snake? 48．请根据文章内容，写出本文的主题句 六、书面表达 49．请以“Stay Safe in Natural Disasters”为题，写一篇短文，介绍在自然灾害（如地震、火灾、洪水等）中如何确保自身安全。词数不少于80个。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《Unit 8 Safe and sound 单元练习》参考答案 题号 39 40 41 42 43 答案 B B B B A 1．earthquake 2．survive 3．emergency 4．natural disaster 5．fear 6．trap 7．silent 8．nervous 9．alive 10．energy 11．weak 12．sound 13．excited 14．fireman 15．lightning 16．traffic safety 17．急救知识 18．fire safety 19．防止盗窃 20．earthquake safety 21．小心…… 22．electrical safety 23．报告可疑行为 24．first-aid kit 25．火灾逃生 26．to put 【详解】句意：消防员们正努力扑灭大火。try to do sth.表示“努力设法去做某事”，try doing sth表示“试着做（尝试某种方法）”；根据语境，本句强调努力去完成灭火这件事，故填to put。 27．to know 【详解】句意：了解如何保护我们自己是很重要的。句中使用固定句型It’s +形容词 +to do sth.，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故填to know。 28．play 【详解】句意：我们不应该玩火。句中should是情态动词，情态动词后面要使用动词原形，should not后接动词原形play。 29．danger 【详解】句意：我们学到了很多关于如何保护自己免受危险的知识。空格前from为介词，后接名词作宾语。dangerous的名词形式为danger，意为“危险”。 30．crossing 【详解】句意：在穿过繁忙的街道之前，你必须左右看。空格前before为介词，后接动名词作宾语。cross的动名词为crossing。 31．injured 【详解】句意：如果你看到有人受伤，请拨打120。根据所给词injure及句意，see sb. injured表示“看到某人受伤”，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动或状态，故填injured。 32．electricity 【详解】句意：我们必须小心用电，以免触电。根据所给词electric及空前with可知，需填名词作宾语，electric的名词形式为electricity，意为“电”，不可数名词。 33．matches 【详解】句意：不要在家里玩火柴。根据所给词match及句意，此处表示“火柴”，常用复数形式matches，故填matches。 34．hit 35．terribly 36．harm 37．including 38．getting rid of 【导语】本文讲述了一场夏季热浪袭击当地河流后，生态系统受到影响，社区和同学们为保护河流生态所采取的行动，强调了减少污染、保护自然的重要性。 【详解】34．句意：在一场夏季热浪袭击了我们当地的河流之后，水位下降，鱼挣扎求生，这让我们社区非常担心生态系统。根据“a summer heat wave”和“our local river”可知，此处指热浪“袭击”河流，hit意为 “袭击、侵袭”；句子描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，hit的过去式仍为hit。故填hit。 35．句意：在一场夏季热浪袭击了我们当地的河流之后，水位下降，鱼挣扎求生，这让我们社区非常担心生态系统。根据“worried about the ecosystem”可知，此处用副词terribly修饰形容词worried，意为“非常、极度地”，符合“社区极度担忧”的逻辑。故填terribly。 36．句意：科学家解释说污染会对食物链造成有害影响，所以即使是微小的变化也很重要。根据“pollution”和“food chain可知，此处为固定短语do harm to，harmful的名词形式是harm，符合“污染对食物链有害”的逻辑。故填harm。 37．句意：我们班参加了清洁日活动，包括沿着河岸捡拾塑料袋和瓶子。根据“Our class joined a cleanup day”和“picking up plastic bags and bottles”可知，此处指活动内容包括捡拾垃圾，include意为 “包括”；用现在分词including作伴随状语，符合句子结构。故填including。 38．句意：我们还在学校讨论了如何摆脱一次性用品，比如多余的杯子和吸管，在垃圾进入水体之前就将其减少。根据“to reduce trash”可知，此处指摆脱一次性用品，get rid of意为“摆脱、除去”；talk about后接动名词，故填getting rid of。 39．B 40．B 41．B 42．B 43．A 【导语】本文介绍了洪水可能造成的破坏，以及洪水发生前、来临时、发生中和发生后应采取的安全措施和建议。 【详解】39．根据第一段“It can destroy houses, roads, and bridges.”可知洪水会摧毁房屋、道路和桥梁。 40．根据第二段“If you live in an area that is likely to flood, you should be prepared. Keep important things like documents and photos in a safe place. Have a supply of food, water, and first-aid kits.”可知住在洪水易发区，要把重要物品放在安全处，并储备物资。 41．根据第三段“When a flood is coming, listen to the radio or TV for warnings. If you are told to evacuate, leave your home immediately.”可知洪水来临时，收听广播或电视的警报，若接到撤离通知就要撤离。 42．根据第四段“During a flood, stay away from floodwaters. They may be deeper and faster-moving than they look.”可知要远离洪水，因为洪水可能比看起来更深、流速更快。 43．根据最后一段“After the flood, check your home for damage. If there is damage, report it to the proper authorities.”可知洪水过后，要检查房屋受损情况并上报。 44． but even 45．虽然有些动物可能看起来很酷甚至很可爱，但要离它们远点。 46．Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. 47．Wash your hands right away. 48．Animals can be of great fun, but it’s important to know how to avoid danger when you’re with them. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了与动物相处时的安全注意事项，旨在提醒人们如何避免危险。 【详解】44．根据文章第1段“Animals can be of great fun, … it’s important to know how to avoid danger”可推知，动物很有趣，但是也要懂得如何避免动物可能带来的危险，前后为转折关系，填but。根据文章第4段“you shouldn’t feed other animals …  When look very hungry”可推知，即使动物再饿，也不能去喂，前后为让步关系，填even。 45．根据文章第3段“Although some of these animals may look cool or even cute, leave them alone.”可推知该句为让步状语从句，翻译时需体现“虽然……但是……”的逻辑，“look cool or even cute”译为“看起来很酷甚至很可爱”且“leave them alone”意为“离它们远点”。 46．根据题目句子“A mother animal will bite to protect her babies if you get too close.”可推知需在文中寻找表达相同含义的句子。根据文章第8段“Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away.”可推知结论一致，故填Animal mothers are very protective and will bite to keep you away. 47．根据文章第9段“When pulling a lizard or a snake from the tank, do it slowly and carefully. Then wash your hands right away.”可推知接触后的做法是立刻洗手，答案直接从原文提取。 48．根据文章第1段“Animals can be of great fun, but it’s important to know how to avoid danger when you’re with them. ”可推知该句概括了全文主旨，即与动物相处的安全重要性，答案根据原文主旨句整理得出. 49．例文 Stay Safe in Natural Disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes, fires, and floods can be very dangerous. Knowing how to stay safe is crucial. During an earthquake, if you’re indoors, stay away from windows and tall furniture. Hide under a sturdy desk or table. If outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings and power lines. In case of a fire, immediately ring the alarm. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to prevent inhaling smoke. Don’t use the lift; instead, run down the stairs quickly. When a flood occurs, listen to warnings. If told to evacuate, leave your home promptly with important items. Stay away from floodwaters as they can be deeper and more dangerous than they seem. By following these safety measures, we can protect ourselves and reduce the risks during natural disasters. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：自然灾害的危害，地震、火灾、洪水三种灾害的避险方法，总结避险意义 确定人称：第一、二人称(we/you) 注意事项：语句条理清晰，避险方法表述准确，逻辑连贯，词数不少于80 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起全文，点明自然灾害危险，掌握避险方法至关重要 主体段：分段详细介绍地震、火灾、洪水三种自然灾害的具体安全避险措施 结尾段：总结全文，说明遵守安全措施的作用与意义 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：地震避险方法 室内避险：windows/tall furniture/sturdy desk/table/indoors /wall/cabinet/heavy shelf等 室外避险：open area/buildings/power lines/outdoors /streetlights/trees/bridges等 核心动作：stay away from/hide under/move to /keep clear of/avoid等 要点二：火灾避险方法 应急操作：ring the alarm/cover mouth and nose/wet towel /call for help/close doors and windows等 逃生方式：run down the stairs /evacuate quickly/crawl low等 禁忌行为：don’t use the lift /avoid smoke inhalation/do not jump from buildings等 要点三：洪水避险方法 前期准备：listen to warnings/leave home/take important items /follow official notices/prepare emergency supplies等 避险要求：evacuate promptly/stay away from floodwaters /avoid low-lying areas/keep safe distance等 要点四：总结避险意义 核心表述：follow safety measures/protect ourselves/reduce risks /keep safe/avoid danger/guard against hazards等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $