Unit 6 Beyond Earth（复习讲义）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

Unit 6 Beyond Earth（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 话题表达：围绕太空、宇宙探索展开交流，介绍太空探索计划，探讨太空科技的价值与挑战。 2. 词汇短语：积累太空、天体、航天探索相关单词与固定搭配。 3. 语法掌握：掌握一般将来时的被动语态，熟记其基本结构，理解主动语态与被动语态的转换规则。 4. 写作运用：在太空主题短文中合理使用一般将来时被动语态，描述未来航天任务、将会被完成的探索项目。 复习重难点 重点：掌握一般将来时被动语态的基本结构，牢记will be +过去分词的核心形式。 难点：结合语境判断何时使用一般将来时被动语态；区分一般将来时主动语态和被动语态，在句子中正确选用句式。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：beyond 单词变形：beyond prep.超出；在……较远的一边 adv.在（或向）更远处 【固定搭配】 ① beyond one’s ability 超出某人能力 ② beyond description 难以形容 ③ beyond doubt 毫无疑问 【易错辨析】beyond & over beyond：侧重超过某种限度、范围（抽象居多） over：侧重数量、位置在……上方 例：The problem is beyond my understanding. 这个问题超出了我的理解范围。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 【即时小练】 ① The beauty of the galaxy is ______ ______ . (难以形容) ② The difficulty of the task is ______ ______ . (毫无疑问) 【答案】① beyond description ② beyond doubt 知识点2：require 单词变形：require v.需要；要求 → requirement n.所需之物；要求 【固定搭配】 ① require sth 需要某物 ② require doing = require to be done 需要被……（主动表被动，九年级高频） ③ require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 【同义短语】ask sb to do；demand 【即时小练】 ① The task requires us ______ safety rules strictly. (follow) ② The old rocket requires ______ at once. (repair) 【答案】① to follow ② repairing 知识点3：maintain 单词变形：maintain v.维修；保持 → maintenance n.维护；保养 【固定搭配】 ① maintain peace 维持和平 ② maintain the machine 维修机器 ③ maintain contact 保持联系 【同义辨析】maintain & keep maintain：正式用语，侧重刻意维护、保养，维持某种状态 keep：普通用词，保持，适用范围更广 【即时小练】 ① All countries should ______ ______ in space exploration. (维持和平) ② Regular ______ of the rover can make it work longer. (maintain) 【答案】① maintain peace ② maintenance 知识点4：launch 单词变形：launch v. & n.发射；发起 【固定搭配】 ① launch a rocket 发射火箭 ② launch a project 发起项目 ③ the launch of ……的发射 【拓展同义短语】send up 发射（多用于航天器） 【即时小练】 ① Our country will ______ ______ ______ to explore the galaxy. (发起一个项目) ② We watched ______ ______ ______ the satellite live on TV. (……的发射) 【答案】① launch a project ② the launch of 知识点5：mysterious 单词变形：mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的 → mystery n.神秘事物；谜 【固定搭配】 a mysterious place 神秘的地方 【拓展】solve the mystery 解开谜团 【即时小练】 ① Scientists are trying to ______ ______ ______ of the distant planet. (解开谜团) ② No one knows anything about this ______ planet. (mystery) 【答案】① solve the mystery ② mysterious 知识点6：completely 单词变形：completely adv.彻底地；完全地 → complete adj.完整的 v.完成 【固定搭配】 completely change 彻底改变 【同义辨析】completely & totally completely：强调全部完成、毫无剩余 totally：口语常用，完全地 【即时小练】 ① The bad news ______ ______ our plan for space travel. (彻底改变) ② They ______ the mission before the deadline. (complete) 【答案】① completely changed ② completed 知识点7：cooperate 单词变形：cooperate v.合作；协作 → cooperation n.合作；协作 → cooperative adj.合作的 【固定搭配】 ① cooperate with sb 与某人合作 ② cooperate to do sth 合作做某事 【同义短语】work together；team up with 【即时小练】 ① We need to ______ ______ other scientists to finish the task. (与……合作) ② Good ______ helps the two teams finish the project fast. (cooperate) 【答案】① cooperate with ② cooperation 知识点8：operate 单词变形：operate v.操作；运行 → operation n.操作；手术 → operator n.操作员 【固定搭配】 ① operate the machine 操作机器 ② operate on sb 给某人做手术 【拓展短语】in operation 在运转中 【即时小练】 ① The new spacecraft is ______ ______ now. (在运转中) ② The ______ of the space rover needs special training. (operate) 【答案】① in operation ② operation 知识点9：短语 in case 【固定搭配】 ① in case 以防万一（连词，后接句子） ② in case of +名词 万一；假使 【同义辨析】in case & in case of in case + 从句；in case of +名词/名词短语 【拓展同结构短语】in spite of 尽管；instead of 代替 【即时小练】 ① Take enough food and water ______ you meet danger. (以防万一) ② Prepare some medicine ______ emergency. (万一) 【答案】① in case ② in case of 知识点10：短语 on board 【固定搭配】 ① on board 在船（或火车、飞机、飞船）上 ② go on board 登上交通工具 【拓展反义短语】on land 在陆地上；at sea 在海上 【即时小练】 ① All astronauts are ______ ______ the spaceship. (在飞船上) ② Please ______ ______ before the rocket launches. (登上飞船) 【答案】① on board ② go on board 知识点11：set foot on 【固定搭配】 set foot on 访问；踏上（某地） 【拓展短语】set off 出发；set out 着手；set up 建立 【即时小练】 ① Humans first ______ ______ ______ the moon in 1969. (踏上) ② No one has ______ ______ ______ this planet so far. (踏上) 【答案】① set foot on ② set foot on 知识点12：cancel 单词变形：cancel v.取消；终止 → cancellation n.取消 【固定搭配】 ① cancel the plan 取消计划 ② cancel the flight 取消航班 【同义辨析】cancel & stop cancel：取消预先安排好的计划、活动 stop：停止正在进行的动作 【即时小练】 ① They have to ______ ______ ______ because of terrible weather. (取消火箭发射) ② We felt upset about the ______ of the space show. (cancel) 【答案】① cancel the launch ② cancellation 知识点13：publish 单词变形：publish v.刊登；出版 → publisher n.出版商 → publication n.出版；刊物 【固定搭配】 ① publish a report 刊登/发布报告 ② publish a book 出版书籍 【即时小练】 ① The magazine will ______ ______ ______ about galaxies next month. (发布一份报告) ② The ______ of the research excited many scientists. (publish) 【答案】① publish a report ② publication 知识点14：asleep 【固定搭配】 fall asleep 入睡（九年级高频短语） 【易错辨析】asleep & sleeping asleep：只能作表语，不能放名词前； sleeping：作定语，放在名词前，a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿 【即时小练】 ① The tired astronaut ______ ______ quickly after work. (入睡) ② Don’t disturb that ______ child. (sleep) 【答案】① fell asleep ② sleeping 单元语法：被动语态 一.定义 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 　　主动语态的句子中,主语是动作的执行者。 　　被动语态的句子中,主语是动作的承受者。一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。 Lots of students love this English song. (主动语态,句子的主语Lots of students是动作love的执行者) This English song is loved by lots of students. (被动语态,句子的主语This English song是动作love的承受者) 二． 一般将来时的被动语态的构成 被动语态一般由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 时态 被动语态的句式 例句 一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 三．被动语态的运用 一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态: (1)需要强调动作的承受者时。 The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。 (2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。 (3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。 I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。 (4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。 Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。 （时间：30分钟） 一、单词正确形式填空 1．The ________ (mystery) lights in the sky were finally explained by scientists. 【答案】mysterious 【详解】句意：天空中神秘的光最终被科学家们解释清楚了。句中“lights”是名词，需要用形容词来修饰，“mystery”是名词，意为“神秘；奥秘”，其形容词形式是“mysterious”，意为“神秘的”，符合语境要求，故填mysterious。 2．The subway is very ________ (crowd) during the morning rush hour. 【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：早高峰时段地铁非常拥挤。所给词为crowd“人群”，空格前有系动词is和副词very，需填入形容词作表语，表示“拥挤的”，crowd的形容词形式为crowded。故填crowded。 3．The________ (predict) that we will live on Mars one day may come true. 【答案】 prediction 【详解】句意：我们将有一天生活在火星上的预测可能会实现。“The…”在句中作主语，且后面接了由that引导的同位语从句，说明此处需要一个名词形式。predict的名词形式为prediction，故填prediction。 4．His ________ (achieve) in space science made all Chinese people proud. 【答案】achievement/achievements 【详解】句意：他在太空科学方面的成就让所有中国人感到自豪。括号内achieve是动词，意为“取得；实现”。形容词性物主代词His后面需要接名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement（成就），可用单数，也可用复数achievements表示多项成就。故填achievement/achievements。 5．The task was ________ (complete) finished before the end of the year. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：这项任务在年底前完全完成了。所给词为complete“完全的”，空格处需填入副词修饰动词finished，表示“完全地”，complete的副词形式为completely。故填completely。 6．The ________ (move) of the spacecraft can be controlled from the earth. 【答案】 movement 【详解】句意：航天器的运动可以从地面控制。空格前有定冠词The，后面是of所有格，此处需要填名词。move是动词，“移动”，名词是movement“运动；移动”。 7．The play is going to ________ (show) in our school in a month. 【答案】be shown 【详解】句意：这部戏剧将在一个月后在我们学校上演。此处“show”与主语“The play”之间为被动关系，句中“is going to”后接“be done”表示将来被动，故填be shown。 8．Space ________ (explore) has brought us many new technologies. 【答案】exploration 【详解】句意：太空探索为我们带来了许多新技术。根据句子结构，此处需要名词作主语，“explore”的名词形式是“exploration”（探索），且为不可数名词，应填exploration。 9．The two space agencies agreed ________ (cooperate) on the moon project. 【答案】to cooperate 【详解】句意：这两个太空机构同意在月球项目上合作。“agree to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“同意做某事”，此处应填动词不定式to cooperate。 10．It is ________ (surprise) that we have found so many exoplanets in such a short time. 【答案】surprising 【详解】句意：令人惊讶的是，我们在这么短的时间内发现了如此多的系外行星。句中“It is + adj. + that...”为固定句型，空格处应填形容词作表语，说明主语从句所表达内容的性质。surprise的形容词形式有surprised（感到惊讶的）和surprising（令人惊讶的）。此处主语为that从句所表示的事情，应用surprising，意为“令人惊讶的”，符合句意，故填surprising。 二、单词拼写 11．We put a long ________ (板) across the small river and walked over it safely. 【答案】board 【详解】句意：我们在小河上架了一块长板，安全地走了过去。“板”译为board，“a long”后接名词单数。故填board。 12．The ancient Greeks believed in many ________ (神). 【答案】gods 【详解】句意：古希腊人信仰许多神。“神”译为god，“many”后接其复数形式gods。故填gods。 13．The astronauts watched these ________ (火箭) fly into the air with great excitement. 【答案】rockets 【详解】句意：宇航员们非常兴奋地看着这些火箭飞向空中。watch后接宾语，rocket“火箭”符合题意，前面有“these”（这些），此处指多枚火箭，用复数形式rockets。 14．The doctor ________ (操作) this new machine a moment ago. 【答案】operated 【详解】句意：这位医生刚才操作了这台新机器。表示“操作”的动词是operate，时间状语“a moment ago”提示句子应用一般过去时，operate的过去式是operated。 15．Making paper by hand is a traditional ________ (技艺) in this village. 【答案】craft 【详解】句意：手工造纸是这个村子里的一项传统技艺。所给中文提示“技艺”，对应的英文单词craft为可数名词。空格前有不定冠词a，此处填入名词单数。 16．The researchers carried out a ________ (调查) among 1,000 students about their favourite space movies. 【答案】survey 【详解】句意：研究人员对1000名学生开展了一项关于他们最喜爱的太空电影的调查。根据中文提示“调查”以及前面的不定冠词“a”，此处应填名词survey。 17．A ________ (飞船) can carry people and goods into space. 【答案】spaceship 【详解】句意：一艘飞船能将人和货物运送到太空。“A”后需接可数名词单数作主语，“飞船”对应英文单词为spaceship。故填spaceship。 18．The satellite moves in a circular ________ (轨道) around the Earth. 【答案】orbit 【详解】句意：卫星沿着圆形轨道绕地球运行。根据汉语提示可知，orbit意为“轨道”，前面有不定冠词a，用单数名词。故填orbit。 19．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese ________ (宇航员) to travel into space. 【答案】astronaut 【详解】句意：杨利伟是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员。空格处在序数词first和形容词Chinese后，特指“杨利伟是第一位进入太空的中国宇航员”，需用可数名词单数形式作表语。“宇航员”译为astronaut，符合句意。故填astronaut。 20．Without ________ (重力), astronauts can float freely in space. 【答案】gravity 【详解】句意：没有重力，宇航员可以在太空自由漂浮。without是介词，后接名词作宾语，gravity表示“重力”。故填gravity。 二、完成句子 21．多带些水，以防你在沙漠中迷路。 Take extra water ________ ________ you get lost in the desert. 【答案】 in case 【详解】原句中“以防”是关键词，表示“以防”的短语是in case，用来引导目的状语从句。 22．晚上我通常半小时内入睡。 I usually ________ ________ within half an hour at night. 【答案】 fall asleep 【详解】原句中“入睡”是关键词，表示“入睡”的短语是fall asleep。本句为一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。 23．太空服被用来保护宇航员免受危险。 Spacesuits ________ ________ ________ protecting astronauts from danger. 【答案】 are used for 【详解】原句中“被用来做某事”是关键词，根据“protecting”可知，对应英文中的固定短语be used for doing sth.，意为“被用来做某事”。主语Spacesuits为复数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用are，use的过去分词为used。 24．中国在2003年成功将第一名航天员送入太空。 China ________ ________ sending its first taikonaut into space in 2003. 【答案】 succeeded in 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“成功……”，用短语succeeded in“成功做某事”表达，时间状语“in 2003”表明用一般过去时，动词改用过去式succeeded。 25．这个卫星与地球上的控制中心相连。 The satellite ________ ________ ________ the control center on Earth. 【答案】 is connected to 【详解】原句中“与……相连”是关键词，表示“与……相连”的短语为“be connected to”，主语The satellite是单数，be动词用is。故填is；connected；to。 26．在过去的十年里，科学家们发现了数千颗系外行星。 Scientists ________ ________ thousands of exoplanets ________ the past decade. 【答案】 have discovered in/over 【详解】原句中“在过去的十年里”和“发现了”是关键词。第一空和第二空共同构成句子的谓语部分，“发现”对应动词discover，强调过去发生的“发现系外行星”这个动作，和现在的结果（已经积累了数千颗的发现成果、相关研究对当下的影响）存在紧密关联，完全契合现在完成时的使用规则，现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 动词过去分词”，主语Scientists是复数，所以前两空填have discovered。第三空填时间介词in/over，“in/over the past decade”表示“在过去十年里”，为时间状语。 27．国际空间站已经运行超过20年了。 The International Space Station ________ ________ ________ for over 20 years. 【答案】 has been operating 【详解】原句中“已经运行”是关键词，operate意为“运行；运转”；结合“for over 20 years”可知，本句应用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，其结构为“have/has been doing”，主语为单数形式，助动词用has，operate的现在分词为operating。 28．过去人们认为火星上有生命，现在我们知道事实并非如此。 People ________ ________ ________ there was life on Mars, but now we know it’s not true. 【答案】 used to think 【详解】原句中“过去人们认为”是关键词，表示“过去常做某事”的短语为“used to do sth”，表示“认为”的动词为“think”。故填used；to；think。 29．过去火箭经常失败，现在它们的成功率很高。 Rockets ________ ________ fail often, but now they have a high success rate. 【答案】 used to 【详解】原句中“过去经常”是关键词，固定短语used to do表示“过去常常做某事（现在不这样了）”；具体原因是本句对比过去和现在的状态，后接动词原形fail，因此用“used；to”，符合句子逻辑及语境。 30．They will launch a new rocket next month. (改为被动语态) A new rocket ________ ________ ________ next month. 【答案】 will be launched 【详解】句意：一枚新火箭将于下月被发射。一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be + 过去分词，launch的过去分词为launched，故填will；be；launched。 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A successful failure On 13 April 1970, everything was looking good for the astronauts on Apollo13. Two days earlier, James Lovell, John Swigert, and Fred Haise 1 (leave) the earth to go to the moon. They rode in their spaceship’s command module (令). Suddenly, there was 2 loud noise. Part of their spaceship blew up. Oxygen escaped rapidly from the command module. They could not live 3 enough oxygen. They also needed oxygen to help power the command module. Without enough oxygen and power, there’s no way to return home. Yet, they were not alone. Engineers on earth began working on 4 (they) problems. With the 5 (engineer) help, the three men closed down the command module and went to the lunar module. The lunar module had plenty of oxygen, but not enough power, so the engineers found ways to help them 6 (save) power. Then, their increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air became an issue. The engineers tried hard 7 discovered how to solve the problem. Finally, the engineers helped them get power to the command module so they could 8 (go) back to earth in it. After the three men on Apollo 13 came back to earth, their journey 9 (call) “a successful failure” by NASA．It was a failure because they didn’t set foot on the moon. But it was also a success since all of the men came home 10 (safe)—because of the excellent work of the whole team. 【答案】 1．left 2．a 3．without 4．their 5．engineers’ 6．save/to save 7．and 8．go 9．was called 10．safely 【导语】本文讲述了阿波罗 13 号登月任务突发故障，在地面工程师的全力帮助下，宇航员虽未能登月却全部平安返航，被称作一次成功的失败。 1．句意：两天前，詹姆斯・洛弗尔、约翰・斯威格特和弗雷德・海斯离开地球前往月球。根据时间状语“Two days earlier”以及全文过去的故事背景，时态为一般过去时，leave的过去式为left。 2．句意：突然，传来一声巨响。noise为可数名词单数，loud以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一声”，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：没有充足的氧气，他们无法生存。结合前文氧气泄漏的语境，此处表达“没有氧气就不能存活”，介词without意为“没有”。 4．句意：地球上的工程师开始着手解决他们的难题。空后有名词problems，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。 5．句意：在工程师们的帮助下，这三名宇航员关闭了指挥舱。固定搭配with one’s help，此处表示多名工程师，先变复数engineers，再变为名词所有格engineers’。 6．句意：工程师们找到方法帮助他们节约能源。固定句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，此处填(to) save。 7．句意：工程师们努力尝试并且找到了解决问题的办法。前后两个动作“努力尝试”与“找到办法”是并列顺承关系，用并列连词and。 8．句意：最终工程师为指挥舱供能，让他们可以乘坐指挥舱返回地球。情态动词could后接动词原形go。 9．句意：阿波罗13号的三名宇航员返回地球后，他们的旅程被美国国家航空航天局称作“一次成功的失败”。主语journey和动词call是被动关系，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was called。 10．句意：但这也是一次成功，因为所有人都安全回到了家。此处修饰动词短语came home，需要用副词，safe的副词形式是safely。 五、阅读理解 China launched the Shenzhou-21 spaceship on October 31st, 2025. The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with a Long March-2F rocket. The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. They have different jobs as a space pilot, a flight engineer and a payload specialist. There is a fun fact. Four mice (two male, two female) went to space, too! This is China’s first space experiment with mammals (哺乳动物). Mice are good for research because they are small, similar to humans in genes, and grow fast. They will stay on the station for 5—7 days, with lights on 7 a.m.—7 p.m. like on Earth. Their food is healthy and hard (good for their teeth), and a special air flow keeps their home clean. Scientists will study how space’s weightlessness affects the mice. The mice will return to Earth later for more checks, which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time. The astronauts will do 27 new experiments like walking in space and taking part in science education activities. We are all proud of our country’s great space achievements. 1．How long will the astronauts of Shenzhou-21 stay on the space station? A．For a week. B．For 1 month. C．For 6 months. D．For 1 year. 2．Who are on their first space mission? A．Zhang Lu and Wu Fei. B．Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. C．Zhang Lu and Zhang Hongzhang. D．Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. 3．What can the mice experiment help scientists learn? A．How to feed mice in space. B．How to build a space station. C．What food is good for astronauts. D．If humans can live in space for a long time. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Shenzhou-21: astronauts and space mice. B．China’s Long March-2F rocket. C．The jobs of space astronauts. D．Mice’s life in space. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了神舟二十一号飞船的发射任务、乘组人员构成，以及随船进入太空的小鼠实验和宇航员的工作安排，展现了中国航天事业的新进展。 1．根据文章第一段第二句“The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission.”可知，航天员将在空间站停留六个月。 2．文中第二段提到 “The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang.”，说明首次执行太空任务的是吴非和张宏樟。 3．根据文章第四段最后句“...which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time.”可知，老鼠实验有助于科学家了解人类是否能在太空长期生活。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神舟二十一号的发射情况、航天员阵容以及此次任务中携带老鼠进行实验的相关内容。选项 A“神舟二十一号：航天员与太空鼠”概括最为全面。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 话题表达：围绕太空、宇宙探索展开交流，介绍太空探索计划，探讨太空科技的价值与挑战。 2. 词汇短语：积累太空、天体、航天探索相关单词与固定搭配。 3. 语法掌握：掌握一般将来时的被动语态，熟记其基本结构，理解主动语态与被动语态的转换规则。 4. 写作运用：在太空主题短文中合理使用一般将来时被动语态，描述未来航天任务、将会被完成的探索项目。 复习重难点 重点：掌握一般将来时被动语态的基本结构，牢记will be +过去分词的核心形式。 难点：结合语境判断何时使用一般将来时被动语态；区分一般将来时主动语态和被动语态，在句子中正确选用句式。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：beyond 单词变形：beyond prep.超出；在……较远的一边 adv.在（或向）更远处 【固定搭配】 ① beyond one’s ability 超出某人能力 ② beyond description 难以形容 ③ beyond doubt 毫无疑问 【易错辨析】beyond & over beyond：侧重超过某种限度、范围（抽象居多） over：侧重数量、位置在……上方 例：The problem is beyond my understanding. 这个问题超出了我的理解范围。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 【即时小练】 ① The beauty of the galaxy is ______ ______ . (难以形容) ② The difficulty of the task is ______ ______ . (毫无疑问) 知识点2：require 单词变形：require v.需要；要求 → requirement n.所需之物；要求 【固定搭配】 ① require sth 需要某物 ② require doing = require to be done 需要被……（主动表被动，九年级高频） ③ require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 【同义短语】ask sb to do；demand 【即时小练】 ① The task requires us ______ safety rules strictly. (follow) ② The old rocket requires ______ at once. (repair) 知识点3：maintain 单词变形：maintain v.维修；保持 → maintenance n.维护；保养 【固定搭配】 ① maintain peace 维持和平 ② maintain the machine 维修机器 ③ maintain contact 保持联系 【同义辨析】maintain & keep maintain：正式用语，侧重刻意维护、保养，维持某种状态 keep：普通用词，保持，适用范围更广 【即时小练】 ① All countries should ______ ______ in space exploration. (维持和平) ② Regular ______ of the rover can make it work longer. (maintain) 知识点4：launch 单词变形：launch v. & n.发射；发起 【固定搭配】 ① launch a rocket 发射火箭 ② launch a project 发起项目 ③ the launch of ……的发射 【拓展同义短语】send up 发射（多用于航天器） 【即时小练】 ① Our country will ______ ______ ______ to explore the galaxy. (发起一个项目) ② We watched ______ ______ ______ the satellite live on TV. (……的发射) 知识点5：mysterious 单词变形：mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的 → mystery n.神秘事物；谜 【固定搭配】 a mysterious place 神秘的地方 【拓展】solve the mystery 解开谜团 【即时小练】 ① Scientists are trying to ______ ______ ______ of the distant planet. (解开谜团) ② No one knows anything about this ______ planet. (mystery) 知识点6：completely 单词变形：completely adv.彻底地；完全地 → complete adj.完整的 v.完成 【固定搭配】 completely change 彻底改变 【同义辨析】completely & totally completely：强调全部完成、毫无剩余 totally：口语常用，完全地 【即时小练】 ① The bad news ______ ______ our plan for space travel. (彻底改变) ② They ______ the mission before the deadline. (complete) 知识点7：cooperate 单词变形：cooperate v.合作；协作 → cooperation n.合作；协作 → cooperative adj.合作的 【固定搭配】 ① cooperate with sb 与某人合作 ② cooperate to do sth 合作做某事 【同义短语】work together；team up with 【即时小练】 ① We need to ______ ______ other scientists to finish the task. (与……合作) ② Good ______ helps the two teams finish the project fast. (cooperate) 知识点8：operate 单词变形：operate v.操作；运行 → operation n.操作；手术 → operator n.操作员 【固定搭配】 ① operate the machine 操作机器 ② operate on sb 给某人做手术 【拓展短语】in operation 在运转中 【即时小练】 ① The new spacecraft is ______ ______ now. (在运转中) ② The ______ of the space rover needs special training. (operate) 知识点9：短语 in case 【固定搭配】 ① in case 以防万一（连词，后接句子） ② in case of +名词 万一；假使 【同义辨析】in case & in case of in case + 从句；in case of +名词/名词短语 【拓展同结构短语】in spite of 尽管；instead of 代替 【即时小练】 ① Take enough food and water ______ you meet danger. (以防万一) ② Prepare some medicine ______ emergency. (万一) 知识点10：短语 on board 【固定搭配】 ① on board 在船（或火车、飞机、飞船）上 ② go on board 登上交通工具 【拓展反义短语】on land 在陆地上；at sea 在海上 【即时小练】 ① All astronauts are ______ ______ the spaceship. (在飞船上) ② Please ______ ______ before the rocket launches. (登上飞船) 知识点11：set foot on 【固定搭配】 set foot on 访问；踏上（某地） 【拓展短语】set off 出发；set out 着手；set up 建立 【即时小练】 ① Humans first ______ ______ ______ the moon in 1969. (踏上) ② No one has ______ ______ ______ this planet so far. (踏上) 知识点12：cancel 单词变形：cancel v.取消；终止 → cancellation n.取消 【固定搭配】 ① cancel the plan 取消计划 ② cancel the flight 取消航班 【同义辨析】cancel & stop cancel：取消预先安排好的计划、活动 stop：停止正在进行的动作 【即时小练】 ① They have to ______ ______ ______ because of terrible weather. (取消火箭发射) ② We felt upset about the ______ of the space show. (cancel) 知识点13：publish 单词变形：publish v.刊登；出版 → publisher n.出版商 → publication n.出版；刊物 【固定搭配】 ① publish a report 刊登/发布报告 ② publish a book 出版书籍 【即时小练】 ① The magazine will ______ ______ ______ about galaxies next month. (发布一份报告) ② The ______ of the research excited many scientists. (publish) 知识点14：asleep 【固定搭配】 fall asleep 入睡（九年级高频短语） 【易错辨析】asleep & sleeping asleep：只能作表语，不能放名词前； sleeping：作定语，放在名词前，a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿 【即时小练】 ① The tired astronaut ______ ______ quickly after work. (入睡) ② Don’t disturb that ______ child. (sleep) 单元语法：被动语态 一.定义 语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 　　主动语态的句子中,主语是动作的执行者。 　　被动语态的句子中,主语是动作的承受者。一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。 Lots of students love this English song. (主动语态,句子的主语Lots of students是动作love的执行者) This English song is loved by lots of students. (被动语态,句子的主语This English song是动作love的承受者) 二． 一般将来时的被动语态的构成 被动语态一般由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。 时态 被动语态的句式 例句 一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 三．被动语态的运用 一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态: (1)需要强调动作的承受者时。 The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。 (2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。 (3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。 I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。 (4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。 Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。 （时间：30分钟） 一、单词正确形式填空 1．The ________ (mystery) lights in the sky were finally explained by scientists. 2．The subway is very ________ (crowd) during the morning rush hour. 3．The________ (predict) that we will live on Mars one day may come true. 4．His ________ (achieve) in space science made all Chinese people proud. 5．The task was ________ (complete) finished before the end of the year. 6．The ________ (move) of the spacecraft can be controlled from the earth. 7．The play is going to ________ (show) in our school in a month. 8．Space ________ (explore) has brought us many new technologies. 9．The two space agencies agreed ________ (cooperate) on the moon project. 10．It is ________ (surprise) that we have found so many exoplanets in such a short time. 二、单词拼写 11．We put a long ________ (板) across the small river and walked over it safely. 12．The ancient Greeks believed in many ________ (神). 13．The astronauts watched these ________ (火箭) fly into the air with great excitement. 14．The doctor ________ (操作) this new machine a moment ago. 15．Making paper by hand is a traditional ________ (技艺) in this village. 16．The researchers carried out a ________ (调查) among 1,000 students about their favourite space movies. 17．A ________ (飞船) can carry people and goods into space. 18．The satellite moves in a circular ________ (轨道) around the Earth. 19．Yang Liwei is the first Chinese ________ (宇航员) to travel into space. 20．Without ________ (重力), astronauts can float freely in space. 二、完成句子 21．多带些水，以防你在沙漠中迷路。 Take extra water ________ ________ you get lost in the desert. 22．晚上我通常半小时内入睡。 I usually ________ ________ within half an hour at night. 23．太空服被用来保护宇航员免受危险。 Spacesuits ________ ________ ________ protecting astronauts from danger. 24．中国在2003年成功将第一名航天员送入太空。 China ________ ________ sending its first taikonaut into space in 2003. 25．这个卫星与地球上的控制中心相连。 The satellite ________ ________ ________ the control center on Earth. 26．在过去的十年里，科学家们发现了数千颗系外行星。 Scientists ________ ________ thousands of exoplanets ________ the past decade. 27．国际空间站已经运行超过20年了。 The International Space Station ________ ________ ________ for over 20 years. 28．过去人们认为火星上有生命，现在我们知道事实并非如此。 People ________ ________ ________ there was life on Mars, but now we know it’s not true. 29．过去火箭经常失败，现在它们的成功率很高。 Rockets ________ ________ fail often, but now they have a high success rate. 30．They will launch a new rocket next month. (改为被动语态) A new rocket ________ ________ ________ next month. 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A successful failure On 13 April 1970, everything was looking good for the astronauts on Apollo13. Two days earlier, James Lovell, John Swigert, and Fred Haise 1 (leave) the earth to go to the moon. They rode in their spaceship’s command module (令). Suddenly, there was 2 loud noise. Part of their spaceship blew up. Oxygen escaped rapidly from the command module. They could not live 3 enough oxygen. They also needed oxygen to help power the command module. Without enough oxygen and power, there’s no way to return home. Yet, they were not alone. Engineers on earth began working on 4 (they) problems. With the 5 (engineer) help, the three men closed down the command module and went to the lunar module. The lunar module had plenty of oxygen, but not enough power, so the engineers found ways to help them 6 (save) power. Then, their increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air became an issue. The engineers tried hard 7 discovered how to solve the problem. Finally, the engineers helped them get power to the command module so they could 8 (go) back to earth in it. After the three men on Apollo 13 came back to earth, their journey 9 (call) “a successful failure” by NASA．It was a failure because they didn’t set foot on the moon. But it was also a success since all of the men came home 10 (safe)—because of the excellent work of the whole team. 五、阅读理解 China launched the Shenzhou-21 spaceship on October 31st, 2025. The spaceship sent three astronauts to the space station for a six-month mission. The spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center with a Long March-2F rocket. The astronauts include Zhang Lu who joined Shenzhou-15 before and two first-time astronauts, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. They have different jobs as a space pilot, a flight engineer and a payload specialist. There is a fun fact. Four mice (two male, two female) went to space, too! This is China’s first space experiment with mammals (哺乳动物). Mice are good for research because they are small, similar to humans in genes, and grow fast. They will stay on the station for 5—7 days, with lights on 7 a.m.—7 p.m. like on Earth. Their food is healthy and hard (good for their teeth), and a special air flow keeps their home clean. Scientists will study how space’s weightlessness affects the mice. The mice will return to Earth later for more checks, which helps learn if humans can live in space for a long time. The astronauts will do 27 new experiments like walking in space and taking part in science education activities. We are all proud of our country’s great space achievements. 1．How long will the astronauts of Shenzhou-21 stay on the space station? A．For a week. B．For 1 month. C．For 6 months. D．For 1 year. 2．Who are on their first space mission? A．Zhang Lu and Wu Fei. B．Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. C．Zhang Lu and Zhang Hongzhang. D．Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang. 3．What can the mice experiment help scientists learn? A．How to feed mice in space. B．How to build a space station. C．What food is good for astronauts. D．If humans can live in space for a long time. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Shenzhou-21: astronauts and space mice. B．China’s Long March-2F rocket. C．The jobs of space astronauts. D．Mice’s life in space. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $