Unit 2 Great ideas 笔试新题型A篇2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

沪教版九年级上册Unit 2 Great ideas 笔试新题型A篇 沪教版九年级上册Unit 2 Great ideas笔试新题型A篇（含答案） 学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________ 一、项目情境 （1） 校园“改变世界的伟大想法”主题展正在征集展区内容。下面是六个展区的介绍。各班提交了准备内容，请为每个小组找到最合适的展区，并将对应字母填在相应位置上。六个展区中有一个没有被任何小组选中。（共5小题；每小题2分） A. This area describes how a global network of computers allows people to share information instantly（立即）. It has changed communication, work and study. B. This area explains how the kite experiment proved that lightning is a form of electricity. The inventor later created a device to protect buildings from lightning strikes. C. This area introduces an ancient Chinese thinker who taught people to live in harmony with nature. His book has influenced philosophy and art for over two thousand years. D. This area presents a British scientist who explained how living things change over time. His theory changed our understanding of life on Earth. E. This area shows how a thinker from ancient Greece used water spilling from his bath to test whether a royal crown was made of pure gold. His principle is still applied in ship design today. F. This area focuses on a Chinese inventor who improved papermaking technology. His method made books cheaper and helped knowledge spread widely. 1. A group prepares a play about a scholar from Syracuse, who noticed water overflowing when he got into his bath. They show how he proved that the king’s crown was not made of pure gold. 2. A group makes a model of a tall building with a metal rod on top. They explain how the rod protects the building from lightning strikes. 3. A group creates a poster about a wise man from ancient China. They quote his sayings about water and nature. 4. A group builds a simple website to show how people can send messages around the world in seconds. 5. A group designs a timeline about a naturalist（博物学家）who studied birds and tortoises on a faraway island. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. （2） 创意社团要开设“灵感从哪里来”工作坊。指导老师把六种产生新点子的方法写在任务卡上。阅读下列同学的活动记录，判断他们分别使用了哪张任务卡，并将对应字母填在相应位置上。有一张任务卡在本轮活动中无人使用。（共5小题；每小题2分） A. This method involves learning from people in different fields. Combining knowledge from science and art can produce surprising solutions. B. This method advises people to write down sudden thoughts quickly. Keeping a notebook or using a phone helps record valuable ideas before they disappear. C. This method asks people to focus on one clear aim at a time. A small, specific goal makes creative thinking easier and reduces stress. D. This method suggests putting aside a task for a while. A walk or a shower can help people relax and see the problem from a new angle. E. This method warns against saying “It will never work” too early. A positive attitude helps a group keep talking and developing ideas. F. This method encourages people to produce many possible answers without judging them. Even wild or silly suggestions may lead to a useful solution. 1. During the meeting, every member shares any idea that comes to mind, and no one calls it foolish. 2. After working on a maths problem for an hour, Jack goes for a run. When he returns, he suddenly sees a simpler way. 3. Lily writes “finish the first paragraph” on her list instead of “write a great essay”. 4. Tom keeps a small notebook beside his bed because he often gets ideas at night. 5. The team leader tells everyone not to laugh at a new suggestion before discussing it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. （3） 科技节将评选“伟大想法与生活改变”优秀展板。下面是六个展板的文字说明。请根据各研究小组的汇报摘要，为每组选出内容相符的展板，并将对应字母填在相应位置上。有一个展板没有小组汇报。（共5小题；每小题2分） A. This idea made it possible for people to travel far in a short time. It changed trade, tourism, and the way families stay connected across distances. B. This idea brought light to homes and streets after dark. It changed working hours, study habits and city life. C. This idea allowed doctors to stop people from getting certain diseases. It has saved millions of lives and made public health much better. D. This idea let farmers grow more food on the same land. It helped feed a growing population and reduced hunger in many areas. E. This idea changed how we learn. Students can attend lessons online and find information at any time. F. This idea uses natural resources like wind and sunlight to produce power. It helps reduce pollution and protect the environment. 1. A group studies how an airplane carries people across oceans in hours. 2. Another group studies a medicine that protects children from a serious illness. 3. Some students make a poster about electric lights and how electricity changed cities at night. 4. A team studies new seeds and machines that help farmers grow and harvest more rice. 5. Two students prepare a report on studying online at home and finding materials whenever they need them. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 二、读写综合 （1） 阅读短文，掌握大意，并回答以下问题。（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Johannes Gutenberg and the Printing Press Before the 1450s, books in Europe were copied by hand. This process took a very long time. As a result, books were rare and expensive. Only rich people and religious（宗教的）leaders could own them. Most people had no chance to read them. Johannes Gutenberg was a German inventor. He wanted to make book printing faster and cheaper. He developed a printing press with movable metal type. Each letter could be reused repeatedly. Workers put the letters together, covered them with ink, and pressed paper onto them. This method made it possible to produce many copies of the same book. Gutenberg’s idea changed Europe. Books became cheaper, and more people learned to read. Knowledge spread quickly. His printing press helped start the Renaissance（文艺复兴）and the Reformation. It also laid the foundation（基础）for modern publishing. Today, we can get information from books, newspapers, and the Internet. But it was Gutenberg’s great idea that opened the door to mass communication. 1. How were books made in Europe before the 1450s? 2. What did Gutenberg invent? 3. How did Gutenberg’s printing press work? 4. Why did Gutenberg’s idea change Europe? 5. What can we learn from Gutenberg’s invention? （2） 阅读短文，掌握大意，并回答以下问题。（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） In the 1700s, smallpox was a terrible disease. It killed many people and left others with scars（疤痕）. Doctors did not know how to stop it. Edward Jenner was an English doctor. He wanted to find a way to protect people from smallpox. Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had caught cowpox（牛痘）did not get smallpox. Cowpox was a mild disease. Jenner believed that cowpox could protect people from smallpox. In 1796, he took some material from a milkmaid’s cowpox sore（疮口）and put it into a boy’s arm. Later, he exposed（使......接触）the boy to smallpox. The boy did not get sick. Jenner called his method vaccination. It was the first vaccine in history. Vaccination spread around the world. It saved millions of lives. In 1980, the World Health Organization announced that smallpox had been eliminated（消灭）. Jenner’s discovery opened a new chapter in medicine. It showed that prevention is better than cure. 1. What was smallpox like in the 1700s? 2. What did Jenner notice about milkmaids? 3. How did Jenner test his idea? 4. What was the result of Jenner’s discovery? 5. Why is vaccination important for public health? （3） 阅读短文，掌握大意，并回答以下问题。（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） At the end of the 19th century, people dreamed of flying. Many inventors tried to build flying machines, but most of their attempts failed. The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were bicycle makers from the United States. They were not trained scientists, but they were curious and persistent. The brothers studied how birds flew. They built a wind tunnel（风洞）to test different wing shapes. They also learned to control a glider（滑翔机）in the air. After many experiments, they built a powered airplane. On December 17, 1903, Orville flew it for 12 seconds. It was the first successful flight of a powered aircraft. The airplane changed the world. People could travel between countries in hours instead of weeks. Trade and tourism grew. Different cultures met and shared ideas. Today, airplanes connect the whole world. The Wright brothers showed that ordinary people could achieve extraordinary things if they kept trying. 1. What did the Wright brothers do before they built airplanes? 2. How did the Wright brothers study flight? 3. What happened on December 17, 1903? 4. How did the airplane change the world? 5. What can we learn from the Wright brothers? 三、语法填空 （1） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） In the 1830s, people needed a faster way to send messages over long distances. Before that, sending a message took a long time. People relied on horses or ships to deliver messages. Samuel Morse was an American inventor. While he (1) (work) on a new communication system, he got an idea. He created a code using short and long signals. It became known as Morse Code. Messages (2) (send) quickly by telegraph after that. Sending a message by telegraph meant (3) (use) the code. It was an invention (4) changed communication forever. The (5) (invent) of Morse Code made the world feel smaller. Today, we use phones and the Internet, but Morse Code was the first step. （2） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） In the 18th century, people used horses and water to power machines. James Watt was a Scottish engineer. At first, he did not know (1) the steam engine could do. However, he wanted (2) (make) it better. In 1769, he (3) (improve) the design. Since then, the steam engine (4) (change) the world. It powered factories, trains, and ships. Before Watt’s improvement, the engine was slow and wasted energy. His work helped start the Industrial Revolution. In the future, new forms of energy (5) (replace) steam power, but Watt’s idea remains important. （3） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） In the 1860s, many people got sick from drinking milk. Louis Pasteur was a French scientist. He wanted to find a way to kill harmful bacteria（细菌）. He (1) (develop) a method called pasteurization（巴氏杀菌法）. The process (2) kills bacteria is now used all over the world. Today, scientists are looking for new ways to keep food (3) (safety). At first, people didn’t understand how heating could preserve food. Pasteur’s (4) (discover) has saved millions of lives. His idea changed the food industry and public (5) (healthy). 参考答案 一、项目情境 （1）1. E　2. B　3. C　4. A　5. D　 1. 解析：题干描述 “叙拉古的学者、洗澡时水溢出、证明皇冠不是纯金”，对应 E 选项的核心信息：古希腊思想家、洗澡溢水实验检验皇冠纯度、原理应用于造船，正是阿基米德与浮力原理的故事。 2. 解析：题干描述 “高楼顶部的金属杆、保护建筑免受雷击”，对应 B 选项的核心信息：风筝实验证明闪电是电、发明装置保护建筑避雷，正是富兰克林与避雷针的发明。 3. 解析：题干描述 “中国古代智者、关于水与自然的言论”，对应 C 选项的核心信息：中国古代思想家、主张人与自然和谐共生、思想影响千年，对应道家思想的核心理念。 4. 解析：题干描述 “建网站、几秒内全球传递消息”，对应 A 选项的核心信息：全球计算机网络、即时共享信息、改变沟通与工作学习，正是互联网技术的影响。 5. 解析：题干描述 “博物学家、在偏远岛屿研究鸟类和陆龟”，对应 D 选项的核心信息：英国科学家、解释生物演化、改变人类对生命的认知，正是达尔文与进化论的研究背景。 （2）1. F　2. D　3. C　4. B　5. E　 1. 解析：题干描述 “所有人分享想法、没人评判想法愚蠢”，对应 F 选项的核心方法：大量产出想法、不做评判，哪怕天马行空的建议也可能催生解决方案，即 “头脑风暴法”。 2. 解析：题干描述 “做题一小时后去跑步、回来突然想到更简单的方法”，对应 D 选项的核心方法：暂时搁置任务、通过放松活动转换视角，即 “酝酿效应”。 3. 解析：题干描述 “把‘写一篇好文章’替换为‘完成第一段’”，对应 C 选项的核心方法：一次聚焦一个清晰的小目标，降低思考难度、减少压力。 4. 解析：题干描述 “床边放笔记本、晚上经常产生想法”，对应 B 选项的核心方法：快速记录突发灵感，避免想法消失。 5. 解析：题干描述 “讨论前不要嘲笑新建议”，对应 E 选项的核心方法：避免过早否定想法，保持积极态度推动思路拓展。 （3）1. A　2. C　3. B　4. D　5. E　 1. 解析：题干描述 “飞机几小时跨越大洋”，对应 A 选项的核心信息：短时间实现长途旅行、改变贸易与旅游，正是飞机发明的影响。 2. 解析：题干描述 “保护儿童免患重病的药物”，对应 C 选项的核心信息：预防疾病、拯救数百万生命、提升公共卫生水平，正是疫苗的作用。 3. 解析：题干描述 “电灯、电力改变夜晚的城市”，对应 B 选项的核心信息：夜晚带来光明、改变工作与生活方式，正是电灯发明的影响。 4. 解析：题干描述 “新种子和机器帮助农民增产水稻”，对应 D 选项的核心信息：提升粮食产量、养活更多人口、减少饥饿，正是农业技术进步的作用。 5. 解析：题干描述 “在家在线学习、随时查找资料”，对应 E 选项的核心信息：改变学习方式、线上授课、随时获取信息，正是在线教育的特点。 二、读写综合 （1） 1. They were copied by hand. 2. He invented a printing press with movable metal type. 3. Workers put the letters together, covered them with ink, and pressed paper onto them. 4. Because books became cheaper, more people learned to read, and knowledge spread quickly. 5. We can learn that a great creative idea can drive the wide spread of knowledge and open up a new era of mass communication. （2） 1. It was a terrible disease that killed many people and left others with scars. 2. He noticed that milkmaids who had caught cowpox did not get smallpox. 3. He took material from a milkmaid’s cowpox sore, put it into a boy’s arm, and then exposed the boy to smallpox. 4. It was the first vaccine in human history and saved millions of lives, and smallpox was finally eliminated in 1980. 5. Because it can prevent diseases, save millions of lives, and improve public health. （3） 1. They were bicycle makers. 2. They studied how birds flew and built a wind tunnel to test different wing shapes. 3. Orville flew a powered airplane for 12 seconds. It was the first successful flight of a powered aircraft. 4. People could travel between countries much faster. Trade and tourism grew, and different cultures met and shared ideas. 5. We can learn that ordinary people can achieve extraordinary things if they keep trying. 三、语法填空 （1）1. was working 2. were sent 3. using 4. that / which 5. invention 1. 解析：While 引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行；主句为一般过去时，从句用过去进行时，主语 he 是单数，故填 was working。 2. 解析：Messages（信息）是 “被发送”，主语为复数，时间为过去，故填 were sent。 3. 解析：固定搭配 mean doing sth. 表示 “意味着做某事”，故填动名词 using。 4. 解析：先行词是 invention（物），关系代词在从句中作主语，可用 that 或 which。 5. 解析：定冠词 the 后需接名词，invent（动词，发明）的名词形式是 invention。 （2）1. what 2. to make 3. improved 4. has changed 5. will replace 1. 解析：从句中谓语 do 缺少宾语，表示 “不知道蒸汽机能做什么”，用 what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。 2. 解析：固定搭配 want to do sth. 表示 “想要做某事”，故填不定式 to make。 3. 解析：时间状语 In 1769 是过去的时间，谓语动词用过去式 improved。 4. 解析：Since then（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志词，主语 the steam engine 是单数，故填 has changed。 5. 解析：时间状语 In the future 表示将来，谓语用 will + 动词原形，故填 will replace。 （3）1. developed 2. that / which 3. safe 4. discovery 5. health 1. 解析：讲述巴斯德发明巴氏消毒法是过去的事件，谓语用过去式 developed。 2. 解析：先行词是 process（物），关系代词在从句中作主语，可用 that 或 which。 3. 解析：keep + 宾语 + 形容词，表示“使......保持......”。safety 是名词，这里需要形容词 safe 作宾语补足语。 4. 解析：名词所有格 Pasteur’s 后需接名词，discover（动词，发现）的名词形式是 discovery。 5. 解析：形容词 public 后需接名词，healthy（形容词，健康的）的名词形式是 health；public health 为固定搭配，意为 “公共卫生”。 1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $