内容正文:
外研版(2024)九年级英语上册 · 新教材
Unit 6 Live green 核心知识背诵清单
绿色生活 · 四关背记闯关手册
【使用说明】本清单按四关设计:第一关词汇 → 第二关短语 → 第三关句型 → 第四关语法。每关背完打钩,最后过“易错警示”。早读读两遍、睡前默一遍、考前只翻易错表。
◎ 单元名片
项目
内容
本单元话题
环保生活 Live green(低碳、减塑、回收、可持续)
交际功能
谈论环保行为、描述问题、提出建议、描述被动态动作
核心语法
一般现在时/一般过去时的被动语态 be done
高频考点
am/is/are done、was/were done、by 短语、主动变被动
课文语篇
Live green、Plastic problem、Reduce, reuse, recycle
第一关 词汇背记
(一)核心词汇
音标
词性
释义
搭配 / 例句
/ˈplæstɪk/
n./adj.
塑料(的)
plastic bags 塑料袋
/rɪˈsaɪkl/
v.
回收利用
recycle waste 回收废物
/riːˈjuːz/
v.
重复使用
reuse bags 重复用袋子
/rɪˈdjuːs/
v.
减少
reduce waste 减少浪费
/pəˈluːʃn/
n.
污染
air pollution 空气污染
/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
n.
环境
protect the environment 保护环境
/ˈenədʒi/
n.
能源
save energy 节约能源
/weɪst/
n.
浪费
a waste of time 浪费时间
/skræp/
n.
废料
scrap paper 废纸
/ˈpeɪpə/
n.
纸
waste paper 废纸
/ˈbɒtl/
n.
瓶子
plastic bottles 塑料瓶
/ˈkæn/
n.
罐头;金属罐
drink cans 饮料罐
/bæg/
n.
袋子
paper bags 纸袋
/baɪ/
v.
买
buy products 买产品
/meɪk/
v.
制作;使
make products 制造产品
/juːz/
v.
使用
use things 使用物品
(二)拓展词汇
音标
词性
释义
搭配 / 例句
/meɪd/
v.
制作(过去分词)
made (make 的过去分词)
/ˈteɪkən/
v.
拿(过去分词)
taken (take 的过去分词)
/ˈɡɪvn/
v.
给(过去分词)
given (give 的过去分词)
/ˈrɪtn/
v.
写(过去分词)
written (write 的过去分词)
/siːn/
v.
看见(过去分词)
seen (see 的过去分词)
/bləʊn/
v.
吹(过去分词)
blown (blow 的过去分词)
/ˈbiːtn/
v.
打(过去分词)
beaten (beat 的过去分词)
/ˈbrəʊkən/
v.
打破(过去分词)
broken (break 的过去分词)
/ˈspəʊkən/
v.
说(过去分词)
spoken (speak 的过去分词)
/fəˈɡɒtn/
v.
忘记(过去分词)
forgotten (forget 的过去分词)
/lɒst/
v.
丢失(过去分词)
lost (lose 的过去分词)
/hɪt/
v.
打(过去分词)
hit (hit 的过去分词)
/kʌt/
v.
切(过去分词)
cut (cut 的过去分词)
/pʊt/
v.
放(过去分词)
put (put 的过去分词)
/red/
v.
读(过去分词)
read (read 的过去分词)
/rʌn/
v.
跑(过去分词)
run (run 的过去分词)
(三)词形转换
原词
词性
词义
派生 / 复数 / 时态
pollute
v.
污染
pollution n. 污染
protect
v.
保护
protection n. 保护
environment
n.
环境
environmental adj. 环境的
use
v.
使用
reuse v. 重复使用;useful adj. 有用的
cycle
v.
循环
recycle v. 回收利用
reduce
v.
减少
reduction n. 减少
waste
v./n.
浪费
wasteful adj. 浪费的
care
v.
关心
careful adj. 小心的
hope
v.
希望
hopeful adj. 有希望的
help
v.
帮助
helpful adj. 乐于助人的
harm
n./v.
伤害
harmful adj. 有害的
beauty
n.
美
beautiful adj. 美丽的
第二关 短语背记
英文短语
中文释义
live green
绿色生活
reduce, reuse, recycle
减量、重复使用、回收
plastic bags / bottles
塑料袋/瓶
save energy / water / paper
节约能源/水/纸
protect the environment
保护环境
cut down
砍倒
turn off
关掉
turn on
打开
take a bag
带袋子
be made of / from
由……制成
be covered with
被……覆盖
be used for
被用于
play a part in
在……中起作用
take action
采取行动
be good for
对……有益
易混辨析
短语 / 词
用法说明
be made of / be made from
be made of 看得出原材料;be made from 看不出原材料
be made in
在某地制造(be made in China 中国制造)
be made by
由某人制造(be made by workers 工人制造)
be used to do / be used for doing
被用来做(同义)
used to do / be used to doing
used to do 过去常常;be used to doing 习惯于
rise / raise
rise 不及物(升起);raise 及物(举起/筹集)
第三关 句型背记
(一)交际句型
场景
问答 / 句子
问环保行为:
— What do you do to live green? — I take a bag when shopping.
问材料:
— What is the bag made of? — It's made of cloth.
问产地:
— Where is the watch made? — It's made in China.
提建议:
We should turn off the lights when we leave.
问问题:
— What's the problem? — Too much plastic waste.
描述动作:
The classroom is cleaned every day.
谈回收:
Waste paper should be recycled.
问措施:
— How can we reduce pollution? — By using fewer plastic bags.
(二)金句背诵
英文金句
中文释义
We should live green.
我们应该绿色生活。
The bag is made of cloth.
这个袋子是布做的。
The classroom is cleaned every day.
教室每天打扫。
Waste paper should be recycled.
废纸应该回收。
Plastic bags are bad for the environment.
塑料袋对环境有害。
Reduce, reuse, recycle.
减量、重复使用、回收。
Turn off the lights when you leave.
离开时关灯。
Small actions make a big difference.
小行动带来大不同。
第四关 语法过关
◎ 语法一:被动语态基本结构
用法:
主语是动作的承受者。结构:be + 过去分词。
要点
结构
例句
一般现在时
am/is/are + done
English is spoken by many people.
一般过去时
was/were + done
The bridge was built in 1990.
一般将来时
will be + done
The work will be finished tomorrow.
含情态动词
情态动词 + be + done
The homework must be handed in today.
口诀 / 铁律:口诀:被动语态 be 过分,时态看 be 随时更;现在 am/is/are,过去 was/were 来。
◎ 语法二:主动变被动
用法:
主动宾语变被动主语,主动主语变 by 宾语。
要点
结构
例句
主动
People speak English.
人们说英语。
被动
English is spoken by people.
英语被人们说。
主动
They built the bridge in 1990.
他们 1990 年建了桥。
被动
The bridge was built in 1990.
桥 1990 年被建。
by 短语省略
不知道/不必说出动作执行者时省略
Rice is grown in the south.
口诀 / 铁律:口诀:主动宾语变主,主动主语 by 后补;不知道谁做,by 短语可省去。
◎ 语法三:be made of / from / in / by
用法:
制造相关被动搭配。
要点
结构
例句
be made of
看得出原材料
The desk is made of wood.
be made from
看不出原材料
Paper is made from wood.
be made in
在某地制造
The watch is made in China.
be made by
由某人制造
The cake was made by my mother.
be made into
被制成
Wood is made into paper.
口诀 / 铁律:口诀:of 看得出 from 看不出,in 产地 by 人做;into 被制成另物,be made 搭配要记熟。
◎ 易错警示
错误写法
正确写法
English speaks by many people.
English is spoken by many people.
The bridge built in 1990.
The bridge was built in 1990.
The homework must hand in today.
The homework must be handed in today.
The paper is made of wood.(看不出)
The paper is made from wood.
The desk is made from wood.(看得出)
The desk is made of wood.
This watch is made by China.(产地)
This watch is made in China.
The room cleans every day.(应被动)
The room is cleaned every day.
The book wrote by Lu Xun.
The book was written by Lu Xun.
Rice grown in the south.
Rice is grown in the south.
The class begins at 8.(不用被动,begin 不及物)
本句正确
The book sells well.(主动表被动)
本句正确
We should keep the classroom clean.(主动)→ The classroom should be kept clean.
本句正确
考点提示
be + 过去分词、一般现在/过去被动、主动变被动、be made of/from/in/by、情态动词被动是本单元高频考点。
附录一 · 三遍背记自查表
关次 / 内容
第1遍
第2遍
第3遍
单元名片
第一关 词汇
词形转换
第二关 短语
易混辨析
第三关 交际+金句
第四关 语法(含口诀)
易错警示
附录二 · 给老师的话
本清单按四关设计,覆盖 Unit 全部核心考点。
课堂用法:早读齐读词汇+金句;课中讲完一关互问互答;睡前过易混辨析;考前只翻易错表。
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