高考英语阅读理解B篇 记叙文（十五）-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

高三 一轮复习专项｜阅读理解B篇 记叙文 Passage 1话题：科技护粮｜科研人员培育耐高温水稻保粮食安全 Passage 2 话题：重生赋能｜安乐死边缘流浪犬变身边境警犬 Passage 3话题：技能逐梦｜挪威青年赴上海征战世界技能大赛 Passage 4话题：长久善意｜小镇主厨多年守护独居高龄老人 Passage 1话题：科技护粮｜科研人员培育耐高温水稻保粮食安全 In recent years, global warming has become increasingly serious, causing frequent extreme high‑temperature weather across the world. Such climate changes have greatly challenged traditional agricultural production and threatened global food security. Japan is also greatly affected by heat waves. Continuous extreme summer temperatures once caused large‑area rice withering and serious production reduction. The unstable harvest put local food supply under huge pressure and worried local agricultural experts greatly. To fight against climate‑related agricultural risks, a devoted Japanese agricultural researcher decided to make a change. He spent eight consecutive years focusing on cross‑breeding experiments, trying to develop new heat‑resistant rice varieties suitable for extreme weather. During the long research process, he suffered countless failures. Yet he never hesitated or gave up. Finally, his persistence paid off. The new rice variety can survive high temperatures and keep stable output, effectively solving the local rice reduction problem and providing valuable experience for global agriculture. 24. What problem did extreme high temperatures bring to Japan? A. Serious rice yield reduction. B. Complete failure of local agriculture. C. Shortage of agricultural researchers. D. Pollution of farmland soil. 25. How long did the researcher spend developing new rice varieties? A. Five years. B. Eight years. C. Ten years. D. Twelve years. 26. What difficulty did the researcher meet during the research? A. Lack of research funds. B. Frequent experimental failures. C. Strong public doubt. D. Shortage of farmland. 27. What is the significance of the new rice variety? A. It helps deal with climate‑related food problems. B. It completely changes local climate conditions. C. It makes Japan the largest rice exporter. D. It reduces the cost of agricultural research. Passage 2 话题：重生赋能｜安乐死边缘流浪犬变身边境警犬 Every life is born worthy and deserves a chance to restart, no matter how tough its early experience is. Chloe, once an ordinary stray dog, wandered lonely on the street, suffering from hunger, cold and abandonment for a long time. Without stable adoption opportunities, she was once arranged to receive euthanasia. Fortunately, a local animal rescue program noticed her potential and gave her a precious second chance. Though she had a rough life experience, Chloe was intelligent, sensitive and willing to learn. After strict professional training and repeated assessments, Chloe finally became a qualified border patrol police dog. She devotes herself to daily patrol tasks and guards regional security faithfully. Her transformation proves that every life can shine brightly with proper care and training. 24. What was Chloe’s fate before being rescued? A. She was adopted by a kind family. B. She was scheduled for euthanasia. C. She worked as a temporary patrol dog. D. She lived a rich and comfortable life. 25. Why was Chloe chosen for professional training? A. She was smart and capable despite a tough past. B. She had received professional training before. C. She was familiar with border environment. D. She was the only stray dog left in the city. 26. What did Chloe do after becoming a police dog? A. She trained other young police dogs. B. She took part in various animal shows. C. She finished daily border patrol tasks. D. She helped rescue other stray animals. 27. What lesson does the text teach us? A. Hard training changes one’s personality completely. B. Every life deserves a chance to realize value. C. Stray animals are unfit for public work. D. Animal rescue depends on public support. Passage 3话题：技能逐梦｜挪威青年赴上海征战世界技能大赛 Passion and persistence are the most powerful driving forces for young people’s growth. A young Norwegian cook named Sebastian has possessed a deep love for cooking since his early childhood. When he was only eight years old, he could skillfully cook traditional local dishes. His outstanding talent and lasting interest made him determined to pursue professional cooking as his lifelong career. Living in a small town with limited professional resources, he never complained about his conditions. Instead, he kept practicing basic cooking skills every day and improved himself constantly through self‑study. His hard work finally brought him huge achievements. He won the national cooking championship in Norway and successfully qualified for the WorldSkills Competition held in Shanghai, China. His whole family traveled a long distance to accompany and cheer for him. During the international competition, he showed sincere respect for different cooking cultures. He displayed Norwegian cooking features and learned advanced skills from global competitors, interpreting the youth spirit of continuous progress and cross‑cultural communication. 24. What do we know about Sebastian in his childhood? A. He showed great talent for cooking. B. He took part in international competitions. C. He learned cooking from professional chefs. D. He traveled around the world frequently. 25. What achievement did Sebastian get before going to China? A. He won an international cooking award. B. He gained the national cooking championship. C. He opened a famous local restaurant. D. He taught cooking in vocational schools. 26. Why did his family go to Shanghai? A. To travel and visit local sights. B. To learn Chinese cooking culture. C. To cheer for Sebastian in the competition. D. To attend an international cooking forum. 27. Which of the following best describes Sebastian? A. Passionate and persistent. B. Humorous and easy‑going. C. Cautious and shy. D. Generous and creative. Passage 4话题：长久善意｜小镇主厨多年守护独居高龄老人 Small kindness continued for years can produce extraordinarily warm power. In a quiet small American town, a restaurant chef named Andrew has quietly warmed local community with his long‑term consistent kindness. By chance, he got acquainted with an elderly lady living alone. The old lady suffered from inconvenient movement due to aging and could hardly go out to buy meals or take care of her daily life by herself. She often stayed lonely at home with no one accompanying her. Moved by her lonely situation, Andrew made up his mind to help the elderly persistently. After finishing his busy restaurant work every day, he took time to drive her home safely. From time to time, he invited her to his restaurant for free meals and chatted with her to relieve her loneliness. He has kept this warm routine for many years without seeking any praise or attention. For him, kindness is not a temporary impulse but a lasting lifestyle. Continuous small kindness makes ordinary life full of warmth and beauty. 24. What was the elderly lady’s trouble? A. She had no money to buy food. B. She was lonely and inconvenient to go out. C. She suffered from serious illness. D. She lost her family in an accident. 25. What did Andrew do for the elderly lady? A. He sent her home and invited her to meals. B. He paid for her long‑term medical treatment. C. He rented a comfortable house for her. D. He hired a nurse to take care of her. 26. What does the underlined word “routine” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Daily regular practice. B. Special celebration. C. Public activity. D. Volunteer plan. 27. What is the main theme of the text? A. The difficulty of elderly lonely life. B. Long‑term small kindness creates great warmth. C. How to build harmonious community relations. D. Public praise encourages more kind deeds. 参考答案与详细解析 Passage 1 24. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Continuous extreme summer temperatures once caused large‑area rice withering and serious production reduction”，持续极端高温造成日本水稻大面积枯萎、严重减产。B当地农业彻底崩盘，表述过于绝对，原文只是水稻减产；C农业科研人员短缺、D农田土壤污染，文中均没有涉及。 25. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“He spent eight consecutive years focusing on cross‑breeding experiments, trying to develop new heat‑resistant rice varieties suitable for extreme weather”，科研人员连续八年开展杂交育种实验，培育耐高温水稻。其余时间数字与原文信息不符。 26. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“During the long research process, he suffered countless failures”，漫长研究路上，实验一次次失败是他遇到的最大困难。科研资金不足、公众强烈质疑、耕地短缺，原文均未提到。 27. 答案：A 解析：主旨推理题。根据第四段“effectively solving the local rice reduction problem and providing valuable experience for global agriculture”，新品种能够在高温环境下稳产，帮助人类应对气候变暖带来的粮食危机。B彻底改变当地气候，属于夸大；C让日本成为最大稻米出口国，文中无依据；D降低农业科研成本，原文没有相关信息。 Passage 2 24. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Without stable adoption opportunities, she was once arranged to receive euthanasia”，在得到救助之前，因为无人领养，这只流浪犬原本要被执行安乐死。A被好心家庭领养，与事实相反；C做临时巡逻犬、D过富足安逸的生活，均属于无中生有。 25. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Though she had a rough life experience, Chloe was intelligent, sensitive and willing to learn”，尽管身世坎坷，但它聪慧、敏感，愿意学习，具备训练潜质，所以被救援项目选中。B以前接受过专业训练、C熟悉边境环境、D是城市仅剩的流浪狗，原文均找不到依据。 26. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“She devotes herself to daily patrol tasks and guards regional security faithfully”，成为合格警犬之后，它主要完成日常边境巡逻任务，守护区域安全。A训练其他年轻警犬、B参加各类动物演出、D救助其他流浪动物，均不属于它的工作职责。 27. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。整篇故事讲述一只濒临安乐死的流浪犬，得到机会之后成长为执勤警犬，实现自身价值，告诉读者每一个生命都应该拥有实现自我价值的机会。A艰苦训练能够彻底改变性格，文章没有谈论性格改变；C流浪动物不适合公共工作，和故事表达的内涵相悖；D动物救助依靠公众支持，只是次要信息，不是文章主旨。 Passage 3 24. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“When he was only eight years old, he could skillfully cook traditional local dishes”，Sebastian童年时期就可以熟练烹制本国传统菜肴，展现出过人的烹饪天赋。B参加国际赛事、C跟随专业大厨学艺、D经常环游世界，原文均没有交代。 25. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“He won the national cooking championship in Norway and successfully qualified for the WorldSkills Competition held in Shanghai, China”，在去往上海参加世界技能大赛之前，他拿下了挪威全国烹饪比赛的冠军。A获得国际烹饪大奖、C开办知名餐厅、D在职业学校授课，均与原文内容不符。 26. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“His whole family traveled a long distance to accompany and cheer for him”，全家人不远万里来到上海，就是到赛场为他加油助威。A旅游观光、B学习中国烹饪文化、D出席国际烹饪论坛，都不是家人此行的目的。 27. 答案：A 解析：人物品质题。从小热爱烹饪，在小镇资源有限的条件下日复一日坚持练习，一路走到世界大赛的舞台，能够看出Sebastian满怀热忱、做事坚持不懈。humorous and easy‑going（幽默随和）、cautious and shy（谨慎腼腆）、generous and creative（慷慨富有创造力），文本当中没有对应的细节支撑。 Passage 4 24. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The old lady suffered from inconvenient movement due to aging and could hardly go out to buy meals or take care of her daily life by herself. She often stayed lonely at home with no one accompanying her”，这位老人的困境是年事已高行动不便，独自在家，十分孤单。A没钱吃饭，原文并未说老人缺钱；C身患重病、D在事故当中失去家人，文中均无相关信息。 25. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“After finishing his busy restaurant work every day, he took time to drive her home safely. From time to time, he invited her to his restaurant for free meals and chatted with her to relieve her loneliness”，主厨Andrew经常开车送老人回家，还邀请老人到店里免费用餐，陪老人聊天。B承担长期医药费、C为老人租舒适住房、D聘请护工照料老人，都不是他做的事情。 26. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。结合上下文，多年以来，送老人回家、请老人吃饭，是他日复一日固定要做的事，因此routine在这里的含义为“日常惯例、常规做法”。special celebration（特别庆祝）、public activity（公共活动）、volunteer plan（志愿者方案），代入语境逻辑不通。 27. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述小镇厨师长年坚持做一件件微小的善事，温暖一位独居老人，核心主旨：长久不断的微小善意，可以汇聚成巨大的温暖力量。A独居老人生活的艰难，只是故事背景，并非文章中心；C如何构建和谐社区，范围过大；D公众赞扬鼓励更多善行，原文明确提到他不求赞扬，与文意不符。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $